Last month, Northeast regional lender WSFS Mortgage released the results of a survey that measured reverse mortgage product sentiments. It found that more people seem to be aware of the potential value that a reverse mortgage could provide for older homeowners, including as a tool to age in place and to provide greater cash flow in retirement.
Despite the more regional focus of WSFS Mortgage’s reverse mortgage offerings — which offers the loans through its brokerage — the survey itself was conducted nationwide with a research company enlisting responses from 750 homeowners at or over the age of 60.
To get a better idea of what motivated the survey and its desire to learn more about reverse mortgages, RMD sat down with WSFS Mortgage President Jeffrey Ruben.
The education gap
The reverse mortgage industry has long made serious investments in educational programs, particularly when looking at the efforts of current and former major lenders in the space like Finance of America Reverse (FAR), American Advisors Group (AAG) and others. In terms of what motivated the company to conduct the survey, Ruben describes a perceived disconnect between the utility of the product category and its reputation.
“The ‘aha’ moment was really validating an assumption we had going into it, that there is this large education gap,” Ruben said. “Whenever there’s a chance to educate and let people know how this product works, [the industry] all about it, and that’s where we are as well. We feel that as a product, it suffers from a lack of information and a lot of misinformation. I think the survey bears that out.”
When asked if it is aiming to use the survey results to inform future plans with the reverse mortgage product, Ruben said that the company has a nearly 200-year old history and had been more involved in reverse mortgages in the past, but not since he joined the company roughly a decade ago.
Population trends
WSFS did in fact have a national reverse mortgage-focused subsidiary, 1st Reverse Financial Services, but elected to wind it down and shutter it in 2009. Since Ruben joined the organization, reverse mortgages have not been a major focus of the company, he said.
“Since I’ve been involved, I’ve stepped back and looked at our depositor base. We’re based in Wilmington, Delaware, we service the tri-state area of Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware and some of Maryland,” he said. “And if you look at that population group, it’s an older group of Americans and our deposit base reflects that as well.”
However, Ruben describes being surprised at a generally low level of reverse mortgage activity he has seen since becoming involved, and thought about engaging in an exercise that would allow for a clearer understanding of whether or not reverse remained a viable business path for the company.
“We thought we weren’t successful in getting the word out about this product and how it can be used,” he said. “It’s not for everyone, but it definitely should be something that is in the offering, and that people can make an informed and educated decision about. Our motivation was to look at our population base, and to look at the values of homes. We have an aging population, and it just seems so ripe to make sure that our older Americans are aware of this option and this program.”
Maintaining a regional focus, program changes
Despite the results of the survey indicating more understanding of the utility of reverse mortgages, Ruben said the company has no immediate ambitions to progress beyond its regional focus brokering reverse mortgages to investors. But he didn’t completely shut the door on the prospect for the future.
“It sounds cliché, but we do like to walk before we run,” Ruben said. “We want to be able to learn how this product is going to be received. It is a much safer and financially less impactful decision to broker initially, but as we get more and more knowledge we do feel that it is a product that we could bring in-house at some point if the conditions are correct and we are comfortable with the program.”
The company will also keep an eye on the regulatory environment, and any potential changes that the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) or the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) may choose to make to the Home Equity Conversion Mortgage (HECM) program, he said.
But the involvement of the HECM program’s stewards likely helps what could be a delayed process of recognition for the HECM product due to its age restriction, he said.
“When the government came in and started setting a real good guideline foundation for this product, I believe it caught and continues to catch interest,” he said. “It’s not fully adopted, but more and more financial advisors who are working with individuals in retirement planning are starting to recognize the value and the potential opportunity for a reverse mortgage to help with that retirement cash flow, which is usually the main goal of a successful retirement plan.”
A lack of product awareness is giving way to people who are starting to think in longer terms about their financial futures, Ruben has observed.
“I see even in our own bank, younger people today are really focused on a 30-year and 40-year plan for when they retire someday,” he said. “So, I think it will become a tool and a financial instrument that people will learn about earlier in their life, today and in the future.”
Real joins several major players, including Anywhere Real Estate, RE/MAX, Keller Williams, Compass, and the National Association of Realtors, in reaching settlements in commissions lawsuits. With sales exceeding $12 billion in 2022, Real was one of over 90 brokerages not covered by NAR’s settlement agreement. While Real could have pursued a streamlined settlement path outlined … [Read more…]
Portfolio beta refers to a popular metric that investors use to measure a portfolio’s risk, or its sensitivity to price swings in the broader market. While past performance does not indicate future returns, knowing a portfolio’s beta can help investors understand the price variability of their stocks, or how much their holdings may move if there’s stock volatility or big gains in a benchmark index like the S&P 500.
Investors often consider beta a measure of systematic risk, or risk that stems from the entire market and that investors can not diversify away. Macro events such as interest-rate or economic changes often fall into the category of systematic risk, while idiosyncratic, stock-specific risk includes events like a change in company management, new competitors, changed regulation, or product recalls.
Table of Contents
How to Calculate Beta of a Portfolio
The Beta of a portfolio formula requires relatively simple math, as long as investors know the Beta for each stock that they hold and the portion of your portfolio that each stock comprises.
Here are the steps you’d follow to calculate the Beta of a hypothetical portfolio:
1. Calculate the total value of each stock in the portfolio by multiplying the number of shares that you own of the stock by the price of its shares:
Stock ABB: 500 shares X $20 a share each = $10,000.
2. Figure out what proportion each stock in their portfolio represents by dividing the stock’s total value by the portfolio’s total value:
Stock ABB’s total value of $10,000/Portfolio’s total value of $80,000 = 0.125.
3. Multiply each stock’s fractional share by its Beta. This will calculate the stock’s weighted beta:
Stock ABB’s beta of 1.2 X its fractional portfolio of 0.125 = 0.15.
4. Add up the individual weighted betas.
Here is the whole hypothetical portfolio with a total beta of 1.22, benchmarked to the S&P 500. That means when the index moves 1%, this portfolio as a whole is 22% more risky than the index.
Stock
Value
Portfolio Share
Stock Beta
Weighted Beta
ABB
$10,000
0.125
1.20
0.15
CDD
$30,000
0.375
0.85
0.319
EFF
$15,000
0.1875
1.65
0.309
GHH
$25,000
0.3125
1.42
0.44375
Sum
1.22
4 Ways to Characterize Beta
Investors always measure a portfolio’s beta against a benchmark index, which they give a value of 1. Stocks that have a beta higher than one are more volatile than the overall market, and those with a beta of less than one are less volatile than the overall market.
Understanding beta is part of fundamental stock analysis. Once you know the beta of your portfolio, you can make changes in order to increase or decrease its risk based on your overall investment strategy by changing your asset allocation.
There are four ways to characterize beta:
High Beta
A high beta stock — one that tends to rise and fall along with the market often — has a value of greater than 1. So if a stock has a beta of 1.2 and is benchmarked to the S&P 500, it is 20% more volatile than the broader measure.
If the S&P 500 rises or falls 10%, then the stock would conversely rise or fall 12%. The same would be true for portfolio beta. While there’s more downside risk with high-beta stocks, they can also generate bigger returns when the market rallies – a principle of Modern Portfolio Theory.
Low Beta
A low beta stock with a beta of 0.5 would be half as volatile as the market. So if the S&P 500 moved 1%, the stock would post a 0.5% swing. Such a stock may have less volatility, but it also may have less potential to post large gains as well.
Still, investors often prefer lower volatility securities. Low beta investment strategies have shown strong risk-adjusted returns over time, too.
Negative Beta
Stocks or portfolios with a negative beta value inversely correlate with the rest of the market. So when the S&P 500 rises, shares of these companies would go down or vice versa.
Gold, for instance, often moves in the opposite direction as stocks, since investors tend to turn to the metal as a haven during stock volatility. Therefore, a portfolio of gold-mining companies could have a negative beta.
So-called defensive stocks like utility companies also sometimes have negative beta, as investors buy their shares when seeking assets less tied to the health of the economy. A downside to negative beta is that expected returns on negative beta securities tend to be weak – even less than the risk-free interest rate.
Zero Beta
A stock or portfolio can also have a beta of zero, which means it’s uncorrelated with the market. Some hedge funds seek a market-neutral strategy. Being market-neutral means attempting to perform completely indifferent to how an index like the S&P 500 behaves. 💡 Quick Tip: Options can be a cost-efficient way to place certain trades, because you typically purchase options contracts, not the underlying security. That said, options trading can be risky, and best done by those who are not entirely new to investing.
How to Calculate an Individual Stock’s Beta
For investors, calculating the beta of all their stock holdings can be time consuming, and typically, financial data or brokerage firms offer beta values for stocks.
But if you wanted to calculate beta for an individual stock, you’d divide a measure of a stock’s returns relative to the broader market over a given time frame by a measure of the market’s return by its mean, also over a specific time frame. Here is the formula:
Beta = covariance/variance
Covariance is a measure of a security’s returns relative to the market’s returns.
Variance is a measure of the market’s return relative to its mean or average.
Recommended: What Is Covariance and How Do You Calculate It?
Alpha vs Beta vs Smart Beta
Beta is one of the Option Greeks, terminology frequently used by traders to refer to characteristics of specific securities or derivatives in the market. Another commonly used Greek term is Alpha. While beta refers to an asset’s volatility relative to the broader market, Alpha is a measure of outperformance relative to the rest of the market.
Beta also comes up a lot in the exchange-traded fund or ETF industry. Smart Beta ETFs are funds that incorporate rules- or factor-based strategies.
What Impacts Beta?
A variety of factors impact an asset’s beta. In general, stocks seen as riskier than average typically feature higher betas. Stock-specific factors such as debt levels, aggressive management, bold projects, volatile cash flows, and even ESG factors can influence a stock’s idiosyncratic risk. Higher business risk, while stock-specific, can lead to a more volatile stock price than the overall market, hence a higher beta.
Higher betas often appear in particular sectors. There are even investment fund strategies that play on beta – you can buy funds that exclusively own high beta or low beta stocks. A stock’s sector, industry, geographic location, and market cap size all impact a stock’s volatility and beta.
Cyclical and growth sectors like energy, industrials, information technology, and consumer discretionary often feature high betas. Utilities, consumer staples, real estate, and much of the healthcare sector typically have low beta.
Small caps and stocks domiciled in emerging-market economies also often have a higher beta (compared to the U.S. large-cap S&P 500). 💡 Quick Tip: Are self-directed brokerage accounts cost efficient? They can be, because they offer the convenience of being able to buy stocks online without using a traditional full-service broker (and the typical broker fees).
Important Things to Know About Beta
1. A stock’s beta may change over time. Because beta relies on historical price data, it is subject to change.
2. Beta is not a complete measure of risk. It can be a useful way for investors to estimate short-term risk but it’s less helpful when it comes to considering a long-term investment because the macroeconomic environment and company’s fundamentals may change. In some cases, beta is not the best measure of a stock or a portfolio’s risk.
3. Beta is an input when investors are using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) — a way to measure the expected return of assets taking into account systematic risk. It’s a method that also looks at the cost of capital for investors.
4. The estimated beta of a stock will be less helpful for companies that do not trade as frequently. Thin liquidity for a stock may bias its beta value since there is less robust historical price data.
5. Beta does not offer a complete picture of a stock’s risk profile as it’s linked to systematic risk. Investors must also consider stock-specific risk when managing their portfolios.
The Takeaway
As discussed, beta is a popular metric that investors use to measure a portfolio’s risk, or its sensitivity to price swings in the broader market. Knowing stock holdings’ betas can be important information when you’re building your portfolios.
You can calculate their portfolio beta using simple math as long as you’re able to obtain the individual betas for your stock holdings. While beta is a helpful tool to try to gauge potential volatility in a portfolio, its reliance on historical data makes it limited in measuring the complete risk profile of an asset or portfolio.
Qualified investors who are ready to try their hand at options trading, despite the risks involved, might consider checking out SoFi’s options trading platform. The platform’s user-friendly design allows investors to trade through the mobile app or web platform, and get important metrics like breakeven percentage, maximum profit/loss, and more with the click of a button.
Plus, SoFi offers educational resources — including a step-by-step in-app guide — to help you learn more about options trading. Trading options involves high-risk strategies, and should be undertaken by experienced investors.
For a limited time, opening and funding an Active Invest account gives you the opportunity to get up to $1,000 in the stock of your choice.
FAQ
What is a good beta for a portfolio?
In a general sense, a good beta for a portfolio would be 1. That’s only a general guideline or rule of thumb, however, as it means that a portfolio’s value is roughly as volatile as the market overall.
What does a beta of 1.3 mean?
A beta of 1.3 means that a portfolio’s value is 30% more volatile than the overall market, which means its value will swing more wildly than the market.
Why is market portfolio beta 1?
Beta measures a portfolio or asset’s sensitivity relative to the overall market. If a portfolio’s beta is 1, it is equally as volatile as the market, not more or less so.
How do I reduce my portfolio beta?
Perhaps the simplest way to reduce your overall portfolio’s beta is to replace higher-beta assets within the portfolio with assets that have lower associated beta.
Is it possible to have zero beta portfolio?
It is possible, and would amount to a zero-beta portfolio, which means the portfolio itself has no systemic risk whatsoever. In other words, this portfolio would have no relationship to the overall movements of the market, and likely have low returns.
What is the difference between stock beta and portfolio beta?
A stock beta is a measure of an individual stock’s volatility, while portfolio beta is a measure of an overall investment portfolio’s volatility.
SoFi Invest® INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE SoFi Invest encompasses two distinct companies, with various products and services offered to investors as described below:
Individual customer accounts may be subject to the terms applicable to one or more of these platforms.
1) Automated Investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser (“SoFi Wealth“). Brokerage services are provided to SoFi Wealth LLC by SoFi Securities LLC.
2) Active Investing and brokerage services are provided by SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA (www.finra.org)/SIPC(www.sipc.org). Clearing and custody of all securities are provided by APEX Clearing Corporation.
For additional disclosures related to the SoFi Invest platforms described above please visit SoFi.com/legal.
Neither the Investment Advisor Representatives of SoFi Wealth, nor the Registered Representatives of SoFi Securities are compensated for the sale of any product or service sold through any SoFi Invest platform.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
Options involve risks, including substantial risk of loss and the possibility an investor may lose the entire amount invested in a short period of time. Before an investor begins trading options they should familiarize themselves with the Characteristics and Risks of Standardized Options . Tax considerations with options transactions are unique, investors should consult with their tax advisor to understand the impact to their taxes. [cd_ETFs] Claw Promotion: Customer must fund their Active Invest account with at least $25 within 30 days of opening the account. Probability of customer receiving $1,000 is 0.028%. See full terms and conditions.
Special margin requirements refer to higher-than-normal requirements for margin traders. That typically means requirements that are above 25%.
According to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), many brokers keep even higher maintenance margin requirements, typically between 30% and 40% — and sometimes higher depending on the type of securities purchased. These special margin requirements may vary.
What Are Special Margin Requirements?
Special margin requirements are higher than standard margin requirements — above a maintenance margin rate of 25%. Higher margin rate requirements mean you must maintain a higher equity amount in your account when trading on margin.
Margin trading refers to using cash and securities in your account as collateral to purchase more assets. In doing so, you can use leverage to amplify returns — but you must also pay interest on borrowed funds. For anyone interested in trading on margin, it’s important to know the rules of margin accounts and also which stocks feature special margin requirements.
When it comes to trading stocks on margin, there are plenty of blanket rules and regulations in place. For instance, the Federal Reserve requires a 50% initial margin and a 25% maintenance margin.
The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) and the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) also require at least $2,000 of cash or securities to be deposited before someone can trade in a margin account.
Special margin requirements are often found on highly volatile stocks, so just a small drop in the price of these stocks can trigger a margin call. Brokers might also issue special margin requirements on concentrated positions in your account. Leveraged positions and other factors might also trigger special margin requirements.
Leverage and margin are related — but not the same.
Brokers do not just haphazardly issue special margin requirements. An analysis of historical volatility is used along with the use of SPAN margin. SPAN margin is calculated by standardized portfolio analysis of risk — a system used by exchanges around the world to control risk. SPAN margin determines margin requirements based on an assessment of one-day risk for a trader’s account. It is used primarily in options and futures markets. The SPAN system allows an exchange to know what a “worst-case” one-day move could be for any open futures position.
Special vs Standard Margin Requirements
Special Margin Requirement
Standard Margin Requirements
Brokers can determine special margin rates
Initial margin set at 50%
A special margin requirement might exist for a concentrated position
Some securities cannot be purchased on margin
💡 Quick Tip: Are self-directed brokerage accounts cost efficient? They can be, because they offer the convenience of being able to buy stocks online without using a traditional full-service broker (and the typical broker fees).
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How Do Special Margin Requirements Work?
Special margin requirements work by enforcing stricter equity deposits in your account when trading volatile stocks. The broker wants to protect itself in the event the securities in your account rapidly drop in value. Another way a broker protects itself is by issuing margin calls when special margin requirement percentages are breached.
With a margin call, you must deposit more cash or securities into your account to meet the call. You can also liquidate your holdings to generate cash and increase your equity percentage. If you fail to meet the call on time, the broker might liquidate your positions for you.
For a broker, it’s important to have safeguards like special margin requirements in place in case financial markets turn volatile. If many investors face margin calls all at once, the broker could face credit risk if those investors are unable to repay loans used in margin trading. 💡 Quick Tip: When you trade using a margin account, you’re using leverage — i.e. borrowed funds that increase your purchasing power. Remember that whatever you borrow you must repay, with interest.
Pros and Cons of Special Margin Requirements
In terms of benefits and drawbacks, the upside is that special margin requirements help to control risk when investors engage in day trading — and the downside is more restrictions on your margin trading account.
Here’s a deeper dive into positives and negatives for the broker and for the investor.
Pros and Cons for Brokers
Pros
Cons
Reduces risk when markets turn volatile
More restrictive trading could turn away customers
Allows for tighter margin calls on risky positions
Individuals might seek looser requirements from other brokers
Historical data provides a guide as to which stocks are most volatile
Uncertainty exists when trying to predict what the most volatile securities will be going forward
Pros and Cons for Investors
Pros
Cons
Highly volatile stocks are easier to identify
Higher equity is required to trade certain stocks
Provides a guardrail when trading stocks
Margin calls can trigger more quickly
Can be a tool to identify highly volatile stocks for options trading
Margin percentages can change without notice
The Takeaway
While many stocks and ETFs have initial margin amounts of 50% and maintenance margin levels at 25%, some volatile stocks have higher special margin requirements. These requirements help protect both brokers and investors in the event that the stock tanks.
Margin trading is typically riskier than trading with a cash account. Investing with borrowed funds amplifies returns — positive and negative. It is important to be aware of the risks involved with this strategy.
If you’re an experienced trader and have the risk tolerance to try out trading on margin, consider enabling a SoFi margin account. With a SoFi margin account, experienced investors can take advantage of more investment opportunities, and potentially increase returns. That said, margin trading is a high-risk endeavor, and using margin loans can amplify losses as well as gains.
Get one of the most competitive margin loan rates with SoFi, 10%*
FAQ
What is a special margin account?
A margin account is a type of brokerage account in which your broker lends you cash, using the account’s equity as collateral, to purchase securities. These securities are known as marginable securities. Margin increases your purchasing power but also exposes you to the potential for larger losses.
What are margin requirements?
Margin requirements are percentages of equity you must maintain in your margin trading account. According to Regulation T of the Federal Reserve Board, the initial margin for equities is 50% and maintenance margin is 25%. There are higher special margin requirements for highly volatile stocks. In addition, if you have a concentrated position, you might face a special higher margin requirement.
How much money do you need to open a margin account?
The NYSE and FINRA require a deposit of $2,000 or cash or securities with your broker before trading on margin. Some firms may require larger deposits.
Photo credit: iStock/akinbostanci
SoFi Invest® INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE SoFi Invest encompasses two distinct companies, with various products and services offered to investors as described below:
Individual customer accounts may be subject to the terms applicable to one or more of these platforms.
1) Automated Investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser (“SoFi Wealth“). Brokerage services are provided to SoFi Wealth LLC by SoFi Securities LLC.
2) Active Investing and brokerage services are provided by SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA (www.finra.org)/SIPC(www.sipc.org). Clearing and custody of all securities are provided by APEX Clearing Corporation.
For additional disclosures related to the SoFi Invest platforms described above please visit SoFi.com/legal.
Neither the Investment Advisor Representatives of SoFi Wealth, nor the Registered Representatives of SoFi Securities are compensated for the sale of any product or service sold through any SoFi Invest platform.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
*Borrow at 10%. Utilizing a margin loan is generally considered more appropriate for experienced investors as there are additional costs and risks associated. It is possible to lose more than your initial investment when using margin. Please see SoFi.com/wealth/assets/documents/brokerage-margin-disclosure-statement.pdf for detailed disclosure information. Claw Promotion: Customer must fund their Active Invest account with at least $25 within 30 days of opening the account. Probability of customer receiving $1,000 is 0.028%. See full terms and conditions.
A mortgage broker acts as an intermediary between you and potential lenders. The broker’s job is to compare mortgage lenders on your behalf and find interest rates that fit your needs. Mortgage brokers have lists of lenders they work with, which can make your life easier.
Mortgage brokers are licensed and regulated financial professionals. They gather documents from you, pull your credit history, and verify your income and employment, using the information to help you apply for loans and negotiate terms in a short time.
Once you settle on a loan and a lender that works best for you, your mortgage broker will collaborate with the lender’s underwriting department, the closing agent (usually the title company) and your real estate agent to keep the transaction running smoothly through closing day.
A mortgage broker can save you time and may offer you a wider array of options than if you shop on your own. But brokers don’t work for free, so you should expect to pay for their services at some point in the process.
1. What makes mortgage brokers different from loan officers?
Loan officers, as opposed to mortgage brokers, are employees of one lender who are paid set salaries, plus bonuses. Loan officers can write only the types of loans their employer chooses to offer.
Mortgage brokers, meanwhile, deal with many lenders to find loans for their clients. Mortgage brokers, who can work within a mortgage brokerage firm or independently, may be able to give borrowers access to a broad selection of loan types.
2. How does a mortgage broker get paid?
Mortgage brokers are most often paid by lenders, sometimes by borrowers, but, by law, never both. That law — the Dodd-Frank Act — also prohibits mortgage brokers from charging hidden fees or basing their compensation on a borrower’s interest rate.
You can also choose to pay the mortgage broker yourself. That’s called “borrower-paid compensation.” Though even when the fee is paid by the lender, often it is rolled into the loan itself, meaning the borrower eventually still pays the bill.
Shop around for mortgage brokers and ask how much to expect to pay in fees, which are typically 1% to 2% of the loan amount. The competitiveness — and home prices — in your market will have a hand in dictating what mortgage brokers charge. Federal law limits how high compensation can go.
3. Is a mortgage broker right for me?
You can save time by using a mortgage broker; it can take hours to apply for preapproval with different lenders, and then there’s the back-and-forth communication involved in underwriting the loan and ensuring the transaction stays on track.
However, that convenience comes at a cost, which is something to consider if you’re especially tight on funds. You also might sacrifice a sense of control and direct interaction with a lender when you turn the process over to a broker, a feeling that could be unnerving when making such a big purchase.
If you seek expert guidance and streamlined lender comparisons, and you are willing to pay a premium for these services, a mortgage broker may be right for you.
🤓Nerdy Tip
When choosing a lender, pay attention to lender fees. Specifically, ask what fees will appear on Page 2 of your Loan Estimate form in the Loan Costs section under “A: Origination Charges.” Then, take the Loan Estimate you receive from each lender, place them side by side and compare your interest rate and all of the fees and closing costs.
That head-to-head comparison among different options is the best way to make the right choice.
4. How do I choose a mortgage broker?
The best way to find a mortgage broker is to ask friends and relatives for referrals, but make sure they have actually used the broker.
Learn all you can about the broker’s services, communication style, level of knowledge and approach to clients.
Another referral source: Ask your real estate agent for the names of brokers that they have worked with and trust. Some real estate companies offer an in-house mortgage broker as part of their suite of services, but you’re not obligated to go with that company or individual.
Finding the right mortgage broker is just like choosing the best mortgage lender: It’s wise to interview at least three people to find out which services they offer, how much experience they have and how they can help simplify the process.
Check your state’s professional licensing authority to ensure they have mortgage broker’s licenses in good standing.
Also, read online reviews and check with the Better Business Bureau to assess whether the broker you’re considering has a sound reputation.
Frequently asked questions
What exactly does a mortgage broker do?
A mortgage broker finds lenders with loans, rates, and terms to fit your needs. They do a lot of the legwork during the mortgage application process, potentially saving you time.
How do mortgage brokers get paid?
Mortgage broker fees most often are paid by lenders, which may add to the total cost of a loan, though they sometimes can be paid directly by borrowers. Competition and home prices will influence how much mortgage brokers get paid.
What’s the difference between a mortgage broker and a loan officer?
Mortgage brokers will work with many lenders to find the best loan for your situation. Loan officers work for one lender.
How do I find a mortgage broker?
The best way to find a mortgage broker is through referrals from family, friends and your real estate agent. But don’t just take their word for it. Do your homework when selecting a mortgage broker by investigating their licenses, reading online reviews and checking with the Better Business Bureau.
Explore mortgages today and get started on your homeownership goals
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When you hear of a company “going public,” one route is via an initial public offering, or IPO — but a company can also go public through a direct listing, where no new shares are created and underwriters are not required.
Direct listings, also known as the direct listing process (DLP), direct placement, or direct public offering (DPO), are a way for companies to raise capital by selling existing shares without the complexity of engaging investment banks and other intermediaries.
While a direct listing is typically less expensive than an IPO, and typically there’s no lock-up period, there is a risk in direct listing shares without the support of underwriters.
Table of Contents
What Is the Difference Between Direct Listings and IPOs?
A direct listing is one method by which a company can list shares of stock on a public exchange such as the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) or Nasdaq directly, without using underwriters to create new shares, as you might with an IPO.
While some listing choices involve selling shares of stock to investors, IPOs and direct listings have many differences. The main difference between the two is that with an IPO a company issues and sells new shares of stock, while with a direct listing shareholders sell existing shares.
Comparing the Direct Listing and IPO Process
The differences between using a direct listing vs. an IPO to take a company public are pretty straightforward.
How a Direct Listing Works
If a private company is interested in going public, but doesn’t want the hassle of working with underwriters, they may choose to do a direct listing. With a direct listing, anyone who owns shares in the company can sell them directly to the public once the new company is listed on a public exchange. Shareholders may include investors, promoters, and employees.
By choosing a direct listing over an IPO, a company can avoid using an underwriter, which potentially saves money and time. Underwriters fulfill multiple roles in the IPO process, including working with the fledgling company to meet regulatory standards and set the initial price per share. These are important steps, but not necessary if a new company is only selling existing shares.
Further, because no new shares are created with a direct listing, existing shares won’t get diluted. 💡 Quick Tip: Access to IPO shares before they trade on public exchanges has usually been available only to large institutional investors. That’s changing now, and some brokerages offer pre-listing IPO investing to qualified investors.
How an Initial Public Offering Works
When a company offers shares of stock to the general public for the first time, it’s known as an initial public offering (IPO).
Before an IPO, a company is considered private, which means that shares of stock are not available for sale to the general public. Also, a private company is not generally required to disclose financial information to the public.
To have an IPO, a company must file a prospectus with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The company will use the prospectus to solicit investors, and it includes key information like the terms of the securities offered and the business’s overall financials.
Initial public offerings are a popular choice for companies looking to raise capital. The company works with an underwriter (typically part of an investment bank), who helps navigate regulations and figure out the initial price of the shares. They may also purchase shares from the company and sell them to investors (such as mutual funds, insurance companies, investment banks, and broker-dealers) who will in turn sell them to the public.
One benefit of working with an underwriter is the greenshoe option. This is an agreement that a company can enter into with the underwriter in which the underwriter has the right to sell a greater number of shares during the sale than they originally intended to, if there is a lot of market demand. This can help the company gain additional investment.
Working with an underwriter creates some security for the company, which is one reason so many companies go the route of the IPO.
Pros and Cons of Direct Listings
There are advantages and disadvantages for companies and investors when it comes to direct listings vs. IPOs.
Pros of a Direct Listing
Less expensive than an IPO for the company
Unlike IPOs, direct listings do not require underwriters, since no new shares are being created. Typically, an underwriter charges a fee between 3% and 7% per share. Depending on the scope of the IPO, these fees can add up to hundreds of millions of dollars.
In addition, underwriters often purchase shares below their agreed-upon market value, so companies don’t receive as much investment as they may have had they sold those shares directly to retail investors.
No lock-up periods for shares
If a company goes through an IPO, existing shareholders are generally not allowed to sell their shares to the public during the sale and for a period of time following the sale. These lock-up periods are required in order to prevent stock prices from decreasing due to an oversupply.
The direct listing model is essentially the opposite, in which existing shareholders sell their stock to the public and no new shares are sold.
Provides liquidity for existing shareholders
Anyone who owns stock in the company can sell their shares during a direct listing. 💡 Quick Tip: Before opening any investment account, consider what level of risk you are comfortable with. If you’re not sure, start with more conservative investments, and then adjust your portfolio as you learn more.
Cons of a Direct Listing
There are also some potential drawbacks when it comes to direct listings.
Risk that shares won’t sell
With a direct listing, the amount of shares sold is based solely on market demand. Because of this, it’s important for a company to evaluate the market demand for its stock before deciding to go the route of a direct listing.
Companies best suited to direct listings are those that sell directly to consumers and have both a strong, recognizable brand and a business model that the public can easily understand and evaluate.
No help from underwriters with marketing and sales
Underwriters provide guarantees, promotion, and support during the listing process. Without an underwriter involved, the company may find that shares are difficult to sell, there may be legal issues during the sale, and the share price may see extreme swings.
No guarantee of stock price
Just as there is no guarantee that shares will sell, there is also no guarantee of stock price. In contrast, having an underwriter can help manage potentially extreme price swings.
This chart outlines the main points covered above.
Pros of Direct Listings
Cons of Direct Listings
Less expensive than an IPO
Potential for initial volatility
No lock-up periods
Risk that shares won’t sell
Liquidity for existing shareholders
No help from underwriters
No stock price guarantee
The Takeaway
Direct listings are an appealing alternative to IPOs for private companies who want to go public, thanks in part to lower costs and reduced regulations. A direct listing may also be appealing to retail investors who want to purchase shares from companies that are going public.
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FAQ
Why would a company do a direct listing?
A direct listing offers a more direct path to going public on a stock exchange. The company doesn’t have to issue new shares, as only existing shares get sold in a direct listing. This eliminates the need for intermediaries like underwriters.
Can anyone buy a direct listing stock?
Yes, investors can buy a direct stock listing as they would any other stock listed on an exchange.
Is a direct offering good for a stock?
Since direct listings bypass the middleman and eliminate the need for underwriters, they can be less expensive for a company vs. IPOs, but the lack of marketing support could hurt the stock price and initial sales.
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For those who earn an income that makes them ineligible to contribute to a Roth IRA, a mega backdoor Roth IRA may be an effective tool to help them save for retirement, and also get a potential tax break in their golden years.
Only a certain type of individual will likely choose to employ a mega backdoor Roth IRA as a part of their financial plans. And there are a number of conditions that have to be met for mega backdoor Roth to be possible.
Read on to learn what mega backdoor Roth IRAs are, how they work, and the important details that investors need to know about them.
What Is a Mega Backdoor Roth IRA?
The mega backdoor Roth IRA is a retirement savings strategy in which people who have 401(k) plans through their employer — along with the ability to make after-tax contributions to that plan — can roll over the after-tax contributions into a Roth IRA.
But first, it’s important to understand the basics of regular Roth IRAs. A Roth IRA is a retirement account for individuals (vs. an employer-sponsored account like a 401(k)). For tax year 2023, Roth account holders can contribute up to $6,500 per year (or $7,500 for those 50 and older) of their post-tax earnings. That is, income tax is being paid upfront on those earnings — the opposite of a traditional IRA. For 2024, they can contribute up to $7,000 (or $8,000 for those 50 and older).
Individuals can withdraw their contributions at any time, without paying taxes or penalties. For that reason, Roth IRAs are attractive and useful savings vehicles for many people.
But Roth IRAs have their limits — and one of them is that people can only contribute to one if their income is below a certain threshold.
In 2023 the limit is $138,000 for single people (people earning more than $138,000 but less than $153,000 can contribute a reduced amount); for married people who file taxes jointly, the limit is $218,000 (or between $218,000 to $228,000 to contribute a reduced amount).
In 2024 the limit is $146,000 for single people (people earning more than $146,000 but less than $161,000 can contribute a reduced amount); for married people who file taxes jointly, the limit is $230,000 (or between $230,000 to $240,000 to contribute a reduced amount).
💡 Quick Tip: Did you know that you must choose the investments in your IRA? Once you open a new IRA and start saving, you get to decide which mutual funds, ETFs, or other investments you want — it’s totally up to you.
How Does a Mega Backdoor Roth Work?
When discussing a mega backdoor Roth, it’s helpful to understand how a regular backdoor Roth IRA works. Generally, individuals with income levels above the thresholds mentioned who wish to contribute to a Roth IRA are out of luck. However, there is a workaround: the backdoor Roth IRA, a strategy that allows high-earners to fund a Roth IRA account by converting funds in a traditional IRA (which has no limits on a contributors’ earnings) into a Roth IRA. This could be useful if an individual expects to be in a higher income bracket at retirement than they are currently.
Mega backdoor Roth IRAs involve 401(k) plans. People who have 401(k) plans through their employer — along with the ability to make after-tax contributions to that plan — can potentially roll over up to $46,000 in 2024, and $43,500 in 2023, in after-tax contributions into a Roth IRA. That mega Roth transfer limit has the potential to boost an individual’s retirement savings.
Example Scenario: How to Pull Off a Mega Backdoor Roth IRA
The mega backdoor Roth IRA process is pretty much the same as that of a backdoor Roth IRA. The key difference is that while the regular backdoor involves converting funds from a traditional IRA into a Roth IRA, the mega backdoor involves converting after-tax funds from a 401(k) into a Roth IRA.
Whether a mega backdoor Roth IRA is even an option will depend on an individual’s specific circumstances. These are the necessary conditions that need to be in place for someone to try a mega backdoor strategy:
• You have a 401(k) plan. People hoping to enact the mega backdoor strategy will need to be enrolled in their employer-sponsored 401(k) plan.
• You can make after-tax contributions to your 401(k). Determine whether an employer will allow for additional, after-tax contributions.
• The 401(k) plan allows for in-service distributions. A final piece of the puzzle is to determine whether a 401(k) plan allows non-hardship distributions to either a Roth IRA or Roth 401(k). If not, that money will remain in the 401(k) account until the owner leaves the company, with no chance of a mega backdoor Roth IRA move.
If these conditions exist, a mega backdoor strategy should be possible. Here’s how the process would work:
Open a Roth IRA — so there’s an account to transfer those additional funds to.
From there, pulling off the mega backdoor Roth IRA strategy may sound deceptively straightforward — max out 401(k) contributions and after-tax 401(k) contributions, and then transfer those after-tax contributions to the Roth IRA.
But be warned: There may be many unforeseen hurdles or expenses that arise during the process, and for that reason, consulting with a financial professional to help navigate may be advisable.
Who Is Eligible for a Mega Backdoor Roth
Whether you might be eligible for a mega backdoor Roth depends on your workplace 401(k) retirement plan. First, the plan would need to allow for after-tax contributions. Then the 401(k) plan must also allow for in-service distributions to a Roth IRA or Roth 401(k). If your 401(k) plan meets both these criteria, you should generally be eligible for a mega backdoor Roth IRA.
💡 Quick Tip: Did you know that opening a brokerage account typically doesn’t come with any setup costs? Often, the only requirement to open a brokerage account — aside from providing personal details — is making an initial deposit.
Contribution Limits
If your employer allows for additional, after-tax contributions to your 401(k), you’ll need to figure out what your maximum after-tax contribution is. The standard 401(k) contribution limit for all types of contributions to a 401(k) (meaning employee, employer, and after-tax contributions) in 2023 is $22,500 (or $30,000 for those 50 and older). For 2024, the limit is $23,000 (or $30,500 for those 50 and older).
The IRS allows up to $66,000, or $73,500 including catch-up contributions for those 50 and up, in total contributions to a 401(k) in 2023. For 2024, the total limits are $69,000, or 76,500 including catch-up contributions for those 50 and up.
So how much can you contribute in after-tax funds? Here’s an example. Say you are under age 50 and you contributed the max of $22,500 to your 401(k) in 2023, and your employer contributed $8,000, for a total of $30,500. That means you can contribute up to $35,500 in after-tax contributions to reach the total contribution level of $66,000.
Is a Mega Backdoor Roth Right For Me?
Given that this Roth IRA workaround has so many moving parts, it’s worth thinking carefully about whether a mega backdoor Roth IRA makes sense for you. These are the advantages and disadvantages.
Benefits
The main upside of a mega backdoor Roth is that it allows those who are earning too much to contribute to a Roth IRA a way to potentially take advantage of tax-free growth.
Plus, with a mega backdoor Roth IRA an individual can effectively supercharge retirement savings because more money can be stashed away. It may also offer a way to further diversify retirement savings.
Downsides
The mega backdoor Roth IRA is a complicated process, and there are a lot of factors at play that an individual needs to understand and stay on top of.
In addition, when executing a mega backdoor Roth IRA and converting a traditional IRA to a Roth IRA, it could result in significant taxes, as the IRS will apply income tax to contributions that were previously deducted.
The Future of Mega Backdoor Roths
Mega backdoor Roths are currently permitted as long as you have a 401(k) plan that meets all the criteria to make you eligible.
However, it’s possible that the mega backdoor Roth IRA could go away at some point. In prior years, there was some legislation introduced that would have eliminated the strategy, but that legislation was not enacted.
The Takeaway
Strategies like the mega backdoor Roth IRA may be used by some investors to help achieve their retirement goals — as long as specific conditions are met, including having a 401(k) plan that accepts after-tax contributions.
While retirement may feel like far off, especially if you’re early in your career or still relatively young, it’s generally wise to start thinking about it sooner rather than later.
Ready to invest for your retirement? It’s easy to get started when you open a traditional or Roth IRA with SoFi. SoFi doesn’t charge commissions, but other fees apply (full fee disclosure here).
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FAQ
Are mega backdoor Roths still allowed in 2023?
Yes, mega backdoor Roths are still permissible in 2023.
Is a mega backdoor Roth worth it?
Whether a mega backdoor Roth is worth it depends on your specific situation. It may be worth it for you if you earn too much to otherwise be eligible for a Roth IRA and if you have a 401(k) plan that allows you to make after-tax contributions.
Is a mega backdoor Roth legal?
Yes, a mega backdoor Roth IRA is currently legal.
Are mega backdoor Roths popular among Fortune 500 companies?
A number of Fortune 500 companies allow the after-tax contributions to a 401(k) that are necessary for executing a mega backdoor Roth IRA.
What is a super backdoor Roth?
A super backdoor Roth IRA is the same thing as a mega backdoor Roth IRA. It is a strategy in which people who have 401(k) plans through their employer — along with the ability to make after-tax contributions to that plan — can roll over the after-tax contributions into a Roth IRA.
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Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
Tax Information: This article provides general background information only and is not intended to serve as legal or tax advice or as a substitute for legal counsel. You should consult your own attorney and/or tax advisor if you have a question requiring legal or tax advice.
SoFi Invest® INVESTMENTS ARE NOT FDIC INSURED • ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED • MAY LOSE VALUE SoFi Invest encompasses two distinct companies, with various products and services offered to investors as described below:
Individual customer accounts may be subject to the terms applicable to one or more of these platforms.
1) Automated Investing and advisory services are provided by SoFi Wealth LLC, an SEC-registered investment adviser (“SoFi Wealth“). Brokerage services are provided to SoFi Wealth LLC by SoFi Securities LLC.
2) Active Investing and brokerage services are provided by SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA (www.finra.org)/SIPC(www.sipc.org). Clearing and custody of all securities are provided by APEX Clearing Corporation.
For additional disclosures related to the SoFi Invest platforms described above please visit SoFi.com/legal.
Neither the Investment Advisor Representatives of SoFi Wealth, nor the Registered Representatives of SoFi Securities are compensated for the sale of any product or service sold through any SoFi Invest platform.
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Shares of ETFs must be bought and sold at market price, which can vary significantly from the Fund’s net asset value (NAV). Investment returns are subject to market volatility and shares may be worth more or less their original value when redeemed. The diversification of an ETF will not protect against loss. An ETF may not achieve its stated investment objective. Rebalancing and other activities within the fund may be subject to tax consequences.
Inside: Learn how much your 70k salary is hourly. Plus find tips to make more money and live the lifestyle you want.
You want to know to look into this… Is 70k salary a solid hourly wage in today’s society?
When you get a job and you are making about $19 an hour, making over $70,000 a year seems like it would provide amazing opportunities for you. Right?
The median household income was $70,084 in 2021 not much different from the previous year (source). Think of it as a bell curve with $70 at the top; the median means half of the population makes less than that and half makes more money.
The average income in the U.S. is $55,350 for a 40-hour workweek; that is an increase of 1.1% from the previous year (source). That means if you take everyone’s income and divide the money out evenly between all of the people.
Obviously, $70k is above the average and median incomes; yet, most people feel like they can barely make ends meet with this higher than average salary.
But, the question remains… Can you truly live off 70,000 per year in today’s society? The question you want to ask all of your friends is whether $70000 per year is a good salary.
In this post, we are going to dive into everything that you need to know about a $70000 salary including hourly pay and a sample budget on how to spend and save your money.
These key facts will help you with money management and learn how much per hour $70k is as well as what you make per month, weekly, and biweekly.
Just like with any paycheck, it seems like money quickly goes out of your account to cover all of your bills and expenses, and you are left with a very small amount remaining. You may be disappointed that you were not able to reach your financial goals and you are left wondering…
Can I make a living on this salary?
$70000 a year is How Much an Hour?
When jumping from an hourly job to a salary for the first time, it is helpful to know how much is 70k a year hourly. That way you can decide whether or not the job is worthwhile for you.
70000 salary / 2080 hours = $33.65 per hour
$70000 a year is $33.65 per hour
Let’s breakdown how that 70000 salary to hourly number is calculated.
For our calculations to figure out how much is 70K salary hourly, we used the average five working days of 40 hours a week.
Typically, the average work week is 40 hours and you can work 52 weeks a year. Take 40 hours times 52 weeks and that equals 2,080 working hours. Then, divide the yearly salary of $70000 by 2,080 working hours and the result is $33.65 per hour.
Just below $34 an hour.
That number is the gross hourly income before taxes, insurance, 401K, or anything else is taken out. Net income is how much you deposit into your bank account.
You must check with your employer on how they plan to pay you. For those on salary, typically companies pay on a monthly, semi-monthly, biweekly, or weekly basis.
What If I Increased My Salary?
Just an interesting note… if you were to increase your annual salary by $10K, it would increase your hourly wage by $4.81 per hour.
To break it down – 80k a year is how much an hour = $38.46
That is a huge difference in what you are able to afford! Every dollar adds up to under $40 an hour.
How Much is $70K salary Per Month?
On average, the monthly amount would be $5,833.33.
Annual Salary of $70,000 ÷ 12 months = $5,833.33 per month
This is how much you make a month if you get paid 70000 a year.
$70k a year is how much a week?
This is a great number to know! How much do I make each week? When I roll out of bed and do my job of $70k salary a year, how much can I expect to make at the end of the week for my effort?
Once again, the assumption is 40 hours worked.
Annual Salary of$70000/52 weeks = $1,346 per week.
$70000 a year is how much biweekly?
For this calculation, take the average weekly pay of $1,346 and double it.
This depends on how many hours you work in a day. For this example, we are going to use an eight-hour work day.
8 hours x 52 weeks = 260 working days
Annual Salary of$70000 / 260 working days = $269 per day
If you work a 10 hour day on 208 days throughout the year, you make $336 per day.
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$70000 Salary is…
$70000 Salary – Full Time
Total Income
Yearly Salary (52 weeks)
$70,000
Monthly Salary
$5,833
Weekly Wage (40 Hours)
$1,346
Bi-Weekly Wage (80 Hours)
$2,692
Daily Wage (8 Hours)
$269
Daily Wage (10 Hours)
$336
Hourly Wage
$33.65
Net Estimated Monthly Income
$4,453
Net Estimated Hourly Income
$25.69
**These are assumptions based on simple scenarios.
70k A Year Is How Much An Hour After Taxes
Income taxes is one of the biggest culprits of reducing your take-home pay as well as FICA and Social Security. This is a true fact across the board with a salary range of up to $160,200.
When you start getting into a higher salary range, the more you make, the more money that you have to pay in taxes.
Every single tax situation is different.
On the basic level, let’s assume a 12% federal tax rate and 4% state rate. Plus a percentage is taken out for Social Security and Medicare (FICA) of 7.65%.
So, how much an hour is 70000 a year after taxes?
Gross Annual Salary: $70,000
Federal Taxes of 12%: $8,400
State Taxes of 4%: $2,800
Social Security and Medicare of 7.65%: $5,355
$70k Per Year After Taxes is $53,445.
This would be your net annual salary after taxes.
Hourly Wage After Taxes
To turn that back into an hourly wage, the assumption is working 2,080 hours.
$53445 ÷ 2,080 hours = $25.69 per hour
After estimated taxes and FICA, you are netting $53,445 per year, which is $16,555 per year less than what you expect.
***This is a very high-level example and can vary greatly depending on your personal situation and potential deductions. Therefore, here is a great tool to help you figure out how much your net paycheck would be.***
Taxes Based On Your State
In addition, if you live in a heavily taxed state like California or New York, then you have to pay way more money than somebody who lives in a no tax state like Texas or Florida. This is the debate of HCOL vs LCOL.
Thus, your yearly gross $70000 income can range from $47,845 to $56,245 depending on your state income taxes.
That is why it is important to realize the impact income taxes can have on your take home pay. It is one of those things that you should acknowledge and obviously, you need to pay taxes. But, it can also put a huge dent in your ability to live the lifestyle you want on a $70,000 income.
How Much Is 70K A Year Hourly Salary Calculator
More than likely, your salary is not a flat 70k, here is a tool to convert your salary to hourly calculator.
If you make 70000 a year, learn how much house can you afford.
70k salary lifestyle
Every person reading this post has a different upbringing and a different belief system about money. Therefore, what would be a lavish lifestyle to one person, maybe a frugal lifestyle to another person? And there’s no wrong or right, it is what works best for you.
One of the biggest factors to consider is your cost of living.
In another post, we detailed the differences between living in an HCOL vs LCOL vs MCOL area. When you live in big cities, trying to maintain your lifestyle of $70,000 a year is going to be much more difficult because your basic expenses, housing, transportation, food, and clothing are going to be much more expensive than you would find in a lower cost area.
To stretch your dollar further in the high cost of living area, you would have to probably live a very frugal lifestyle and prioritize where you want to spend money and where you do not. Whereas, if you live in a low cost of living area, you can live a much more lavish lifestyle because the cost of living is less. Thus, you have more fun spending left in your account each month.
As we noted earlier in the post, $70,000 a year is above the median income of $60000 that you would find in the United States. Thus, you are able to live an above-average lifestyle here in America.
What a $70,000 lifestyle will buy you:
If you are debt free and utilize smart money management skills, then you are able to enjoy the lifestyle you want.
When A $70,000 Salary Will Hold you Back:
However, if you are riddled with debt or unable to break the paycheck to paycheck cycle, then living off of 70k a year is going to be pretty darn difficult.
There are two factors that will keep holding you back:
You must pay off debt and cut all fun spending until that happens.
Break the paycheck to paycheck cycle.
Live a lifestyle that you can afford.
It is possible to get ahead with money!
It just comes with proper money management skills and a desire to have less stress around money. That is a winning combination regardless of your income level.
$70K a year Budget – Example
As always, here at Money Bliss, we focus on covering our basic expenses plus saving and giving first, and then our goal is to eliminate debt. The rest of the money is left for fun spending.
If you want to know how to manage 70k salary the best, then this is a prime example for you to compare your spending.
You can compare your budget to the ideal household budget percentages.
recommended budget percentages based on $70000 a year salary:
Category
Ideal Percentages
Sample Monthly Budget
Giving
10%
$583
Savings
15-25%
$1167
Housing
20-30%
$1400
Utilities
4-7%
$146
Groceries
5-12%
$394
Clothing
1-4%
$29
Transportation
4-10%
$175
Medical
5-12%
$292
Life Insurance
1%
$15
Education
1-4%
$20
Personal
2-7%
$88
Recreation / Entertainment
3-8%
$146
Debts
0% – Goal
$0
Government Tax (including Income Taxes, Social Security & Medicare)
15-25%
$1389
Total Gross Income
$5,833
**In this budget, prioritization was given to savings, basic expenses and no debt.
Is $70,000 a year a Good Salary?
As we stated earlier if you are able to make $70,000 a year, that is a good salary. You are making more money than the average American and slightly less on the bell curve on the median income.
You shouldn’t be questioning yourself if 70000 is a good salary.
However, too many times people get stuck in the lifestyle trap of trying to keep up with the Joneses, and their lifestyle desires get out of hand compared to their salary. And what they thought used to be a great salary actually is not making ends meet at this time.
This $70k salary would be considered a middle-upper class salary. This salary is something that you can live on very comfortably.
Check: Are you in the middle class?
In fact, this income level in the United States has enough buying power to put you in the top 91 percentile globally for per-person income (source).
The question you need to ask yourself with your 70k salary is:
Am I maxed at the top of my career?
Is there more income potential?
What obstacles do I face if I want to try to increase my income?
In the future years and with possible inflation, in some expensive cities, 70000 a year is not a good salary because the cost of living is so high, whereas these are some of the cities where you can make a comfortable living at 70000 per year.
If you are looking for a career change, you want to find jobs paying at least $90,000 per year.
Is 70k a good salary for a Single Person?
Simply put, yes.
You can stretch your salary much further because you are only worried about your own expenses. A single person will spend much less than if you need to provide for someone else.
Your living expenses and ideal budget are much less. Thus, you can live extremely comfortably on $70000 per year.
And… most of us probably regret that we didn’t learn how to spend money wisely. Oh well, lesson learned.
Is 70k a good salary for a family?
Many of the same principles apply above on whether $70000 is a good salary. The main difference with a family, you have more people to provide for than when you are single or have just one other person in your household.
The costs of raising children are high and will steeply cut into your income. As you can tell this is a huge dent in your income, specifically $12,980 annually per child. Plus this does not include college.
That means that amount of money is coming out of the income that you earned.
So, the question really remains is can you provide a good life for your family making $70,000 a year? This is the hardest part because each family has different choices, priorities, and values.
More or less, it comes down to two things:
The location where you live in.
Your lifestyle choices.
You can live comfortably as a family on this salary, but you will not be able to afford everything you want.
Many times when raising a family, it is helpful to have a dual-income household. That way you are able to provide the necessary expenses if both parties were making 70,000 per year, then the combined income for the household would be $140,000. Thus making your combined salary a very good income.
Learn how much money a family of 4 needs in each state.
Can you Live on $70000 Per Year?
As we outlined earlier in the post, $70,000 a year:
$33.65 Per Hour
$269-336 Per Day (depending on the length of day worked)
$1346 Per Week
$2692 Per Biweekly
$5833 Per Month
Next up is making $75000 a year.
Like anything else in life, you get to decide how to spend, save and give your money.
That is the difference for each person on whether or not you can live a middle-class lifestyle depends on many potential factors. If you live in California or New Jersey you are gonna have a tougher time than in Mississippi or even Texas.
In addition, if you are early in your career, starting out around 45,000 a year, that is a great place to be getting your career. However, if you have been in your career for over 20 years and still making $70K, then you probably need to look at asking for pay increases, picking up a second job, or finding a different career path.
Regardless of the wage that you make, if you are not able to live the lifestyle that you want, then you have to find ways to make it work for you. Everybody has choices to make.
But one of the things that can help you the most is to stick to our ideal household budget percentages to make sure you stay on track.
Learn exactly how much do I make per year…
One of the best ways to improve your personal finance situation is to increase your income. Here are a variety of side hustles that are very lucrative. With time and effort, you can start enjoying the lifestyle you want.
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Older Americans who own their home are financially incentivized to stay put, which is likely to worsen the ongoing inventory shortage, two Redfin studies found.
In one recent survey, Redfin found that over three-quarters (78%) of older American homeowners (ages 60 and up) are planning to stay in their current home as they age. Meanwhile, about one in five baby boomers (19%) are considering moving into a community with older people or have already done so. Smaller shares of baby boomers are considering moving in with an adult child, moving to an assisted-living facility or moving in with friends.
The inertia of baby boomers is making it harder for young Americans to find a family home, according to a Redfin analysis. In fact, empty-nest baby boomers own 28% of three-bedroom homes in the U.S., while millennials with kids own just 14%. Furthermore, nearly 80% of boomers own the home they live in, compared to 55% of millennials.
Additionally, 54% of boomers carry no mortgage, and for those who do have a mortgage, nearly all of them have a much lower interest rate than they would if they sold and bought a new home today.
According to the April 2024 Mortgage Monitor report from Intercontinental Exchange (ICE), homeowners who took out mortgages with near-record-low rates in 2020 and 2021 face much higher monthly payments even if they move to an equivalently priced home. A “lateral move” of this type would cost 60% more per month, ICE reported.
There are now 517,000 single family homes on the market, up by 26% from a year ago, according to data from Altos Research. Inventory has been expanding steadily for 20 weeks in a row but still remains at historically low levels. Mike Simonsen, founder and president of Altos Research, forecasts that there will be 700,000 homes on the market by August or September of this year, the most homes available since 2019.
“Older Americans are aging in place because it makes financial sense, but also because it’s human nature to avoid thinking about challenging scenarios such as needing help as you get older,” Redfin chief economist Daryl Fairweather, said in a statement. “In reality, many homeowners and renters will need to move somewhere that better meets their needs as they age, like a senior-living community or a one-story home in an accessible neighborhood.
“But the government isn’t prioritizing building housing for seniors, which is further encouraging older Americans to stay put, exacerbating the inventory shortage. Politicians should focus on expanding housing stock that meets the needs of older Americans, which could help with housing affordability and availability for all.”
In certain states like California or Texas, tax systems make it advantageous for people to stay in their homes as they age. Medical and technological advancements have also made it increasingly easy for people to stay in their home as they get older.
More than half (51%) of baby boomers who don’t plan to move say that they like their home and see no reason to move, according to Redfin’s survey. The real estate brokerage conducted this survey in February 2024, collecting 838 responses from baby boomers (ages 60 to 78) and 62 responses from members of the Silent Generation (ages 79 and older).
MILWAUKEE, April 3, 2024 /PRNewswire/ — Northwestern Mutual today announced that 195 of its advisors have been recognized on the Forbes Top Wealth Advisors and Best-in-State lists, affirming their position as leading experts in the industry. “Our elite advisors are helping to build brighter financial futures for millions of Americans,” said John Roberts, Chief Distribution Officer … [Read more…]