The Secure 2.0 Act aims to help Americans save for retirement through new policy changes and government incentives, but one provision taking effect next year is working toward something more: narrowing the racial wealth gap.
Section 101 of Secure 2.0 requires companies to automatically enroll eligible employees into 401(k) or 403(b) plans, starting after Dec. 31, 2024, citing auto-enrollment’s effectiveness at boosting the participation rate in workplace retirement plans for Black, Latino, and lower-wage employees.
Participating in a retirement plan through work may be one of the easiest ways to prepare for the future, but historically, participation has varied. A 2023 study by T. Rowe Price found that participation in an employer-sponsored retirement plan was highest for white people at 57.7% but lowest for Black people at 40.5% and Hispanic people at 31.9%.
That auto-enrollment provision is well-intentioned, says Yemi Rose, but it needs to be part of a bigger solution.
“I don’t think anybody’s surprised to say if we automatically enroll people that we’re getting more enrollment,” says Rose, the Maplewood, New Jersey-based founder of OfColor, a startup that supports employees of color in building financial awareness. However, he says that getting enrolled and participating in a retirement plan in and of itself doesn’t solve the hard, more pressing money issues.
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A glimpse into the retirement gap
One driver of retirement inequality could be income inequality. According to the Federal Reserve 2022 Survey of Consumer Finances, white families had an average pre-tax income of $164,550 compared with $70,950 for Black families and $71,550 for Hispanic families.
With less money to begin with, challenges such as inflation, higher interest rates and student loan repayments can put a lot of demand on the dollars coming in, says Greg Ward, a certified financial planner with Financial Finesse based in Charlotte, North Carolina.
He says common financial priorities for communities of color also include providing for family at home or overseas, and saving for their children’s education.
When there’s pressure to meet current financial obligations, skipping retirement savings or dipping into them might seem to offer relief, Ward says.
A 2023 report by the Sloan School of Management at MIT found that Black employees were twice as likely as white workers to take an early withdrawal of at least $1,000 from their retirement savings. Hispanic workers were 21% more likely.
Another Secure 2.0 provision, effective this year, removes tax penalties for some hardship withdrawals, but that’s sticky, too, said Hui-chin Chen, a certified financial planner and managing partner at Pavlov Financial Planning in Arlington, Virginia, in an email interview.
“Flexibility to withdraw may be an incentive to contribute to retirement accounts,” she said. “However, having that flexibility doesn’t mean you should exercise it when you don’t need to. Investing for the long-term in retirement accounts is still recommended.”
Beyond competing financial priorities, a lack of trust in institutions may also cause some to hesitate before participating in a retirement plan.
Chen said that immigrants who have arrived in the U.S. as adults have less time to save for retirement, and they might be more hesitant to take advantage of a retirement system they do not understand.
Rose also says lack of institutional trust can play a role in 401(k) participation rates. A worker might start a job expecting to see a certain amount in their paycheck, and when it’s less than they thought because of 401(k) deductions, they might get upset, he says.
“It’s a confirmation bias like, ‘Oh, my goodness, they’re taking more money from me.’”
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Secure 2.0: part of a bigger solution
Despite reservations about auto-enrollment, Rose says he still went to Capitol Hill to push for Secure 2.0 to be passed.
“In one sense, yes, we have more people enrolled,” he says. “But at the same time, you might also start to see more distributions in the form of a hardship or a loan. So you really have to kind of solve it from both ends.”
Part of that solution is raising financial awareness and literacy in communities of color, especially when it comes to preparing for retirement, he says.
Jamia Erickson, a senior financial advisor at Thrivent, based in Rochester, Minnesota, suggested small steps for those who find it hard to save for retirement by taking advantage of compound interest.
“I know it sounds cliche, but it works,” she said in an email interview. “Even if it’s $25 a month, start contributing to a retirement account.”
And while Erickson said that people shouldn’t rely on legislation when it comes to their future, she does tell people to ask questions of financial advisors and to do their research.
“Retirement planning is highly complex, so you shouldn’t feel like you have to know it all,” she said. “And because it’s such a major part of your life, asking questions will allow you to make more informed money decisions that ultimately help you achieve what you want in life.”
Inside: Learn the roadmap to financial freedom with no money. Surpass debt, embrace millionaire habits, invest wisely & start a victorious journey to become financially independent!
Navigating the road to wealth can feel daunting, especially without a financial head start. But the journey to becoming a millionaire isn’t reserved for the lucky few with an inheritance at their heel.
It’s about strategy, perseverance, and making informed decisions.
Reaching the status of a millionaire is possible. I have done it and many other Money Bliss readers as well.
You have to change your mindset to make this happen. Becoming financially stable is of utmost importance.
Now, if you are serious about making seven figures in your net worth, then keep reading on how to do it.
Foundations of a Millionaire Strategy with No Money
Building a wealthy future from the ground up demands a strong and comprehensive financial plan. This isn’t something super fancy and you don’t need crazy knowledge.
You just have to start and be determined.
Step 1: The Essential First Steps Toward Financial Growth
Before plotting any course, assess your current circumstances candidly. Are you battling debts? Barely managing expenses? Or perhaps saving inconsistently? Acknowledging your starting point is critical.
A financial plan acts as your roadmap. It outlines not only your current standing but also sets the destination: your millionaire goal. This is not a figure plucked from thin air but rather a calculated estimate determined by your aspirations and timeframe.
Structure your plan to encompass these elements:
Income Assessment: Calculate your total annual income, be it from your primary job or any side gigs you maintain.
Expense Analysis: Track every expense. From the daily coffee to the monthly rent, understand where your money is going.
Debt Strategy: High-interest debts can cripple financial growth. Prioritize paying off these debts to alleviate financial pressure.
Savings Plan: Start with achievable goals. Perhaps saving $100 a month initially, then incrementally increasing as your earnings grow.
Investment Consideration: Every dollar saved should be working for you.
Ultimately, keep your plan documented and visible. Regular interaction with your strategy keeps the vision of financial growth at the forefront of your daily choices.
Step 2: Harness a Mindset Crafted for Success
Maintaining a positive mindset can significantly amplify your success with money, empowering you to manifest your financial ambitions with clarity and confidence.
This positivity helps to reframe financial obstacles as opportunities for growth. To cultivate this prosperous mindset:
Practice gratitude by acknowledging and appreciating what you already possess, which can create a sense of wealth beyond the monetary value.
Counteract negative thoughts about money by consciously redirecting them into positive money affirmations, reinforcing your belief in your financial acumen and capabilities.
Focus on your ultimate goals and align your behaviors accordingly.
Step 3: Starting Small: Saving with Limited Means
When funds are scarce, saving can seem impossible. However, even the most modest savings habits can blossom into significant wealth over time. The key is to start – no matter how small, and to remain consistent.
Implement these techniques to save effectively on a tight budget:
Automate Savings: Set up a direct deposit from your paycheck to a savings account.
Savings Challenges: Engage in one of my popular money saving challenges.
Save Raises and Bonuses: Save at least half of any raises, bonuses, or tax refunds you receive rather than increasing your spending.
Micro-Saving Apps: Consider using apps that round up your purchases to the nearest dollar and save the difference.
Saving is habitual. Even with a limited budget, adapting ways to make saving a consistent part of your financial behavior is crucial.
Start with a small percentage that won’t strain your daily living but will quietly accumulate in the background. These mini saving challenges are perfect!
Step 4: Handling Debt: Strategies for Minimizing Financial Burdens
Tackling debt is a pivotal stage on the road to financial freedom and accumulating wealth. Personally, this is exactly what happened to me. Once we paid off our debt, we were able to increase our net worth substantially.
Simply put… When debt is left unchecked, it can blossom into an insurmountable challenge, thwarting efforts to acquire wealth. The cash flow killer.
Consider these tactics to manage and minimize your debt:
Debt Audit: Begin by evaluating all your debts. Take note of balances, interest rates, and minimum payments. Understanding the total sum of your debts is essential for forming a repayment strategy.
Prioritize High-Interest Debts: High-interest debts such as credit cards can quickly grow beyond control. Prioritizing these debts for repayment can save you a significant amount in interest over time.
Debt Snowball vs. Avalanche: Choose the method that will keep you motivated and align with your financial goals.
Negotiate with Creditors: If you’re in financial hardship, reach out to your creditors to negotiate for lower interest rates or modified payment plans. Many creditors prefer to work out a payment plan rather than risk not being paid at all.
Avoid Accumulating New Debt: As you pay off existing debts, it’s crucial not to accrue new ones. Stick to your budget and avoid temptations that could lead to further debt.
Remember, every debt you free yourself from is one step closer to letting your money work for you, not against you.
Step 5: Identifying Skills That Pay: Turning Talents into Revenue
In the evolving economy, capitalizing on your skills can be a powerful way to generate additional revenue streams. The beauty of skill-based earning is that it can fit around a traditional job and can be scaled up or down as your situation changes.
Here are possible avenues to pursue:
Demand for Your Skills: Look at the market and find out if you can outsource your skills
Start Freelancing: Platforms like Upwork, Fiverr, and Freelancer can connect you with clients looking for your specific skillset. Begin with competitive pricing and build up your portfolio and rates as your experience grows.
Teach Others: If you’re knowledgeable in a particular area, consider creating an online course or conducting workshops. With platforms like Teachable or Udemy, you can reach a global audience.
Networking: Leverage social media, professional networking sites like LinkedIn, and community forums. This builds your professional presence and can lead to job opportunities.
Lastly, do not be afraid to ask for a pay raise. Thus, will help you fast-track your path to six figures.
Step 6: Side Hustles and Entrepreneurship: Growing Your Earnings
To build real wealth, especially with no initial capital, earning income from multiple streams can be a game-changer. Side hustles and entrepreneurship are about leveraging your time, talents, and sometimes minimal financial investments to grow your income outside of your primary job.
Almost every millionaire I know has a side hustle or business that helped them to get to that point.
Here’s how you can expand your earnings with side hustles and entrepreneurship:
Make money online: The fastest growing area is knowing how to make money online. Even seemingly mundane skills can be lucrative.
Choose the Right Side Hustle: You can choose to make money or chill and watch TV. Pick on the popular side hustles to get started today.
Start Small Business Ventures: Consider creating a small business. It could start as simple as lawn care services, homemade goods, or consulting. Validate your business idea with minimal investment before scaling up.
As financial expert and entrepreneur Ramit Sethi states, “There’s a limit to how much you can save, but there’s no limit to how much you can earn.”
By actively growing your earnings and establishing additional income streams, you accelerate your trajectory toward millionaire status.
Step 7: Investment 101: Basics for the Beginner Investor
Investing is the escalator to wealth, turning your savings into passive income generators.
For beginners, the world of investing can seem labyrinthine, but with foundational knowledge and strategic baby steps, you can begin to navigate it confidently.
Don’t be afraid of the stock market as you are giving up way too much money! This was the stupid mistake I made in my 30s. Now, my investment portfolio is the primary way I am growing my wealth today.
Here’s what you need to know to get started with investing:
Start with a Retirement Account: If your employer offers a retirement plan, like a 401(k), especially with matching contributions, take full advantage of it. This is often a beginner’s first, and potentially most profitable, investment.
Low-Cost Index Funds: As a beginner, it’s wise to invest in low-cost index funds, which are designed to mimic the performance of a particular market index. They are diversified and typically have lower fees.
Automatic Investing: Set up automatic transfers to your investment account to facilitate regular contributions without having to actively think about it. Don’t forget to select which fund to invest in.
Educate Yourself: Take advantage of online resources, books, and courses to understand the basics of stocks, bonds, and other investment vehicles. This is what I did – invest in my stock market knowledge and it has paid off big time!
Understand the Rule of 72: A simple formula to estimate the doubling time of an investment. For example, at a 7% average annual return, your money could potentially double every roughly 10 years.
Understand Risk vs. Reward: All investments carry some level of risk. Typically, higher risk could mean higher potential returns, but also greater potential losses. Assess your risk tolerance before investing and use those stop losses!
Investing isn’t a sprint; it’s a marathon with compound interest serving as the tailwind to push you forward over time. Learn how to invest in stocks for beginners.
Step 8: Retirement Accounts: Why Maxing Out Early Matters
By maximizing contributions to retirement accounts, you not only safeguard your golden years but also capitalize on tax-advantaged growth, which can be substantial over time.
Just because you are in your 20s or 30s, don’t say I’ll invest later. You are missing the boat.
Here’s why it’s beneficial to start maxing out your retirement accounts as soon as possible:
Compounding Interest: The earlier you start, the more you benefit from compounding interest.
Tax Benefits: Contributions to retirement accounts like 401(k)s and traditional IRAs are made each year, but they come with limits and potential tax-deferred (IRA) or tax-free (Roth IRA) accounts.
Employer Match: Many employers offer a match on 401(k) contributions up to a certain percentage. Failing to contribute at least enough to get the full match is akin to leaving free money on the table.
Higher Contribution Limits: The earlier you start maxing out, the less you have to play catch-up later. The IRS sets annual contribution limits, and consistently hitting those maximums can mean a considerable difference in your retirement savings over time.
By comprehensively engaging with your retirement accounts from an early age, you start an assured path towards the millionaire echelon.
Yes, it is possible to have multiple Roth IRA accounts.
Step 9: Adopting the Growth Attitude: Learning from Millionaire Mentors
The difference between those who accumulate wealth and those who don’t can often be traced back to mindset and mentorship. Adopting a growth attitude and learning from successful individuals can accelerate your path to prosperity.
Millionaires, with their experience and results-driven approaches, often provide valuable insights into effective wealth-building strategies.
Here’s how tapping into the wisdom of millionaire mentors can benefit your financial growth:
Learning from Their Experiences: Millionaires can share their triumphs and tribulations, offering you a roadmap that highlights what to do and what pitfalls to avoid. Cultivate these millionaire habits in your life.
Networking Opportunities: Millionaire mentors often have expansive networks. By building a relationship with a mentor, you may be introduced to key connections that can lead to lucrative opportunities.
Mindset Shift: Interacting with successful individuals can shift your perspective from a fixed mindset to one that embraces challenges, persists in the face of setbacks, sees the effort as the path to mastery, and learns from criticism.
Innovative Thinking: Mentors can inspire innovative approaches to income generation, investment, and savings. They can encourage out-of-the-box thinking that may lead to financial breakthroughs.
Emulating Success: By observing the habits and tactics of millionaires, you can emulate strategies that have proven successful while avoiding practices that may lead to failure. Start these billionaire morning routines to help you.
By adopting a growth attitude and learning from the insights and experiences of millionaire mentors, you sharpen your financial acumen and enhance your ability to create and capitalize on wealth-building opportunities.
Step 10: Community Counts: Surround Yourself with Success
The people you surround yourself with can significantly influence your thoughts, actions, and ultimately, your success. By intentionally building a community of hard-working, success-oriented individuals, you can foster an environment that promotes wealth accumulation.
Here is why it’s crucial to immerse yourself in communities that align with your aspirations:
Shared Success Mindset: In a like-minded success-oriented community, you’ll find individuals who have goals similar to yours and an attitude that is conducive to financial growth. This collective mindset can reinforce your own ambitions.
Peer Learning: Being a part of a community allows for collaborative learning. Exchange insights, experiences, and tactics with peers who are also on a path of financial growth. I love my masterminds!
Accountability: Just as with individual mentors, a community can keep you accountable. Regular interactions with people who take financial success seriously can encourage you to do the same.
Cross-Pollination of Ideas: Varied perspectives in a group can lead to a cross-pollination of ideas, sparking creativity and innovation in your own wealth-building strategies.
Increased Confidence: As you witness others achieving success, it instills a belief that you can do the same. This confidence can push you to take calculated risks that lead to greater rewards.
This adage stresses the importance of being selective with the company you keep, as their attributes frequently rub off on you, influencing your path to becoming a self-made millionaire. Likely you want friends who are millionaires or striving to be, too.
Step 11: Steer Clear of Debt: Remaining Unshackled as You Ascent
The gravitational pull of debt can be a formidable force, impeding one’s ascent toward the zenith of financial independence. But, you can overcome this by using these debt free living habits.
Here are strategies to remain unshackled by debt:
Budget Religiously: A budget constrains overspending and reduces the temptation to rely on credit.
Build an Emergency Fund: A substantial emergency fund can cover unforeseen expenses, diminishing the need to fall back on credit cards or loans that could exacerbate your financial situation.
Spend Less Than You Make: This may sound simple, but this helps you to live within your means and avoid going into debt.
Discern Needs from Wants: Be meticulous in distinguishing true needs from mere wants.
Ultimately, your ability to evade debt not only safeguards your financial stability but also amplifies your capability to invest and save, propelling you firmly on the trajectory toward millionaire status.
Step 12: The Lifestyle Inflation Trap: Keeping Expenses in Check
Success and salary hikes can often lead to lifestyle inflation, a phenomenon where spending increases as income rises, negating the potential for savings and investments. Keeping lifestyle inflation at bay is pivotal to ensuring that growing income translates into growing wealth.
Here’s how you can avoid the lifestyle inflation trap and keep expenses in check:
Stick to Your Budget: Even as your income grows, maintain the budget that facilitates your savings habits.
Identify Trigger Points: Be aware of what prompts you to spend more. Sometimes, seeing others upgrade their lifestyle can trigger the same desire. Stay focused on your financial goals rather than external influences.
Automate Savings Increases: When you receive a raise or bonus, immediately update your automatic transfers to increase the amount going into your savings or investment accounts.
Value Experiences Over Possessions: Studies have shown that experiences bring more lasting happiness than material goods. Opt for a modest increase in experiences rather than expensive goods as your income grows.
Embrace Minimalism: Adhering to minimalist principles can reduce the urge to accumulate non-essential items, keeping spending down and savings rates up.
Avoiding lifestyle inflation doesn’t mean living as frugally as possible regardless of how much you earn. It’s about finding a balance that allows for a comfortable yet modest lifestyle, wherein you can enjoy the fruits of your labor without compromising your long-term wealth goals.
Billionaire investor Warren Buffett exemplifies this principle by still living in the house he bought in 1958 for $31,500 and driving a reasonably priced car. Buffett’s lifestyle choices display an astute awareness of the perils of unnecessary spending and emphasize the importance of consistency in financial discipline.
Step 13: Compounding: The Wonder that Builds Big Balances Over Time
Compounding interest is a powerful tool that has the potential to turn modest savings into vast sums over time.
The principle behind compounding is straightforward: the returns you earn on your investments generate their own returns in the next cycle, leading to exponential growth given enough time.
Here’s how the wonder of compounding works to build big balances:
Start Early: The magic of compounding is maximized by time. The sooner you start investing, the more cycles of compounding your money can go through, and the larger your balance can grow.
Reinvest Your Returns: To truly harness the power of compounding, reinvest the interest, dividends, and any capital gains you receive, rather than spending them. This increases your investment balance, which in turn means more significant potential returns in the next cycle.
Regular Contributions: Make regular contributions to your savings and investments. Consistent additional deposits can significantly amplify the effects of compounding over the long term.
Step 14: Procrastination and Perils: Why Immediate Action is Crucial
Procrastination is often the thief of time and opportunity, especially when it comes to financial decisions. Postponing essential actions like saving, investing, or paying down debt can have compounding negative effects, making it harder to achieve financial goals.
Understand the perils of procrastination and the importance of immediate action:
The Cost of Waiting: In the realm of investment, the longer you wait to begin, the more you miss out on the potential compounding returns. Delayed action can mean the difference between a comfortable retirement and a financially insecure one.
Opportunity Loss: Procrastination can lead you to miss out on time-bound opportunities, such as market dips that are ideal for purchasing investments at lower prices or missing the deadline for a tax-advantaged account contribution.
Paying More on Debt: By putting off debt repayment, you accrue more interest, which only increases the total amount you’ll eventually have to pay. Acting quickly to pay off high-interest debt saves money in the long run.
Increased Stress: Delaying important financial actions can lead to an accumulation of stress and anxiety, which can, in turn, impair your ability to make sound financial decisions.
Potential for Rash Decisions: When you constantly procrastinate, you might eventually rush into decisions without adequate research or consideration, leading to poor financial outcomes.
Recognize this type of behavior and set weekly money meetings with yourself to help you move forward – one task at a time. Grab an accountability partner too!
Step 15: Long-Term Vision: Setting Up For Sizeable End Gains
The journey to becoming a millionaire is often a marathon, not a sprint.
Nurturing a long-term vision for your financial future is essential in guiding your daily decisions and motivating you to stay the course.
To ensure sizeable end gains, you need to establish and maintain a future-oriented mindset:
Set Long-Term Financial Goals: Establish clear, achievable long-term financial goals that align with your desired = future. Whether it’s attaining a specific net worth, owning property outright, or securing a comfortable retirement, these goals should inspire your action plan.
Strategic Planning: Develop a comprehensive financial plan that includes savings, investments, retirement accounts, and estate planning. This plan should act as a living document that you can adjust as your circumstances and goals evolve.
Patience is a Virtue: Recognize that wealth typically accrues over time, and not without fluctuation. Stay patient and avoid knee-jerk reactions to short-term market swings or temporary setbacks.
Regular Investments: Commit to making regular investments, even in small amounts. Over time, consistent contributions can result in substantial wealth through compounding interest.
It’s about creating financial disciplines that compound over time, ensuring that with each day, month, and year, you’re progressively building towards a considerable nest egg.
FAQ: Climbing the Financial Ladder Without a Silver Spoon
Getting rich with no money might seem like a paradox, but it’s a trajectory that many self-made millionaires have pursued successfully. The blueprint involves a combination of mindset shifts, disciplined financial habits, and strategic action.
You have to take proactive steps to increase wealth even when starting from zero.
Starting from nothing and achieving millionaire status requires a multifaceted strategy, encompassing personal development, financial planning, and an entrepreneurial approach to income generation.
Wealth creation is a journey, and starting from zero means that progress may be slow initially.
However, by adopting these steps and maintaining a disciplined and proactive approach, you incrementally increase your chances of accumulating significant wealth.
Ready to Become a Millionaire with Nothing?
Are you ready to become a millionaire with nothing but your ambition, intellect, and unwavering resolve? If your answer is a resounding yes, then it’s time to take the first step.
With every small victory and learned lesson, you inch closer to your ultimate goal.
Your journey starts with dedication, a commitment to yourself that from this day forward, you will work relentlessly toward the life you envision.
Wealth is not just about the money you accumulate but also the knowledge, experience, and relationships you develop along the way. Wealth creation is often not a straight line but a series of strategic moves and consistent behaviors that, collectively, lead to financial success.
Remember, your current financial position is just a starting point – with the right mindset and actions, significant financial growth is within the realm of possibility.
Your next step is working towards becoming financially independent.
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More importantly, did I answer the questions you have about this topic? Let me know in the comments if I can help in some other way!
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Inside: Escape the cycle of being broke with insightful tactics. Learn to invest, save smartly, spot financial traps, and build secure money habits today.
You are desperate right now. You want to know why I am broke.
I get it. This is a situation I have been in before and just recently when I lost my main source of income.
The feelings of you can’t afford anything may send you down a steep spiral of depression.
So, how do we escape?
Here are the tips I used before and plan to use again.
Top Reasons for Why I am Broke
#1 – The Mindset Traps That Keep You Broke
A mindset that cultivates a sense of scarcity rather than abundance can be a massive roadblock to financial prosperity. When you’re shackled by thoughts like “I am always broke,” you unwittingly set the stage for a self-fulfilling prophecy.
The mental narrative that convinces you wealth is unattainable can keep you trapped in a loop of missed opportunities and poor financial decisions.
You may inadvertently sabotage your potential to earn more, save, or invest wisely by clinging to a defeatist paradigm.
Fixing a broken mindset is about shifting from a state of helplessness to one of deliberate, empowering action.
It starts with self-awareness and is further built through intentional positive affirmations and financial education.
Overcome By: Remember, the mind is powerful—it can be your greatest ally or your most formidable adversary. Change your money mindset.
#2 – Living Beyond Your Means: A Fast Track to Empty Pockets
Living beyond your means is akin to constantly filling a sieve with water, hoping it will someday retain more than it loses—a surefire way to financial drought. It’s a lifestyle where your outflow far exceeds your inflow, and every paycheck evaporates into the ether of consumerism.
With the advent of credit cards and buy-now-pay-later schemes, the temptation to spend money we don’t have has never been greater.
The façade of affluence conceals the grim reality of financial instability.
Acknowledging this trap is step one. Living within one’s means doesn’t imply sacrificing joy or reverting to asceticism; it’s about striking a harmonious balance between the lifestyle you desire and the one you can sensibly afford.
Overcome By: Making choices aligned with your financial reality, finding contentment in simplicity, and prioritizing financial health over transient pleasures.
#3 – Chronic Debt: Borrowing from Tomorrow for Today
Chronic debt is a pervasive issue, ensnaring individuals in a vicious cycle of borrowing today and worrying about repayment tomorrow. This pattern often stems from an urgency to fulfill immediate desires or needs without adequate financial resources.
Alarmingly, the trend of increasing consumer debt signals a culture obsessed with instant gratification as consumer debt is $16.84 trillion in Q2 2023, according to Experian. 1
Being in debt should not be normal.
The onus of breaking free from chronic debt lies in reevaluating your relationship with money. It means slowing down the urge to splurge, meticulously planning for future financial obligations, and carving a path towards debt repayment.
Overcome By: Find the discipline to not only stop accumulating debt but also to aggressively tackle existing debts through methods like debt snowball or debt avalanche strategies.
#4 – You Haven’t Learned to Plan and Budget for a Brighter Tomorrow
The lack of a strategic financial plan and a detailed budget is tantamount to navigating unknown terrain without a map. Without these critical tools, your finances are left to chance rather than choice, leaving you vulnerable to the whims of circumstance.
Budgeting is perhaps the most fundamental step toward taking ownership of your financial future. It gives you a clear snapshot of where your money is going, which is essential for making informed spending decisions.
However, many avoid the budgeting process, perceiving it as restrictive or complex. The truth is that budgeting liberates you from the anxiety that comes with uncertainty. It empowers you to align your spending with your financial goals and to find a balance between today’s necessities and tomorrow’s aspirations.
Overcome By: Choose a budgeting method whether it be the zero-based budget, the 50/30/20 rule, or the envelope system, the key is to find a method that resonates with your lifestyle and stick to it.
#5 – No Emergency Fund to Weather Financial Storms
An emergency fund is an essential bulwark against the financial tempests life invariably hurls your way. Without it, a single unforeseen event—a job loss, a medical emergency, or an urgent car repair—can capsize an already precarious financial ship. The lack of an emergency cushion extends an open invitation to debt and financial strain.
The data tells a stark tale:
A statement from the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau highlights that nearly a quarter of consumers (24%) don’t have an emergency savings account. 2
Additionally, 39% have less than a month’s worth of income saved for emergencies, setting the stage for potential financial disaster. 2
This precarious situation has become more pronounced with the increasing cost of living and high inflation rates witnessed in 2021-2023.
Overcome By: Structured, automatic savings transfers to facilitate the gradual growth of your emergency fund without it feeling like a financial blow. The goal is to build a reservoir robust enough to cover several months of living expenses, providing a comfortable buffer that can help you bounce back from setbacks without the need to borrow money at high-interest rates or liquidate precious assets at inopportune times.
#6 – Lack of Understanding of The Power of Investing
Understanding the power of investing is key to grasping the potential of a seed. A seed, given the right conditions, can grow into a flourishing tree. Similarly, investing allows your finances to grow beyond the confines of stagnant savings.
Yet, many people fail to harness this power due to a lack of understanding or fear of the unknown. This was me for many years until I decided to learn to trade stocks.
A common misconception surrounding investing is that it’s solely the playground for the rich or financially savvy. This myth steers many away from multiplying their wealth via investments, leaving them to rely solely on their primary source of income. Moreover, a lack of understanding often leads to panic during market volatility, resulting in ill-timed decisions to buy high and sell low—contrary to sound investment strategies.
Overcome By: Invest money consistently into a low-cost mutual fund or ETF that tracks the overall S&P. Then, continue your investing education on how to invest in stocks.
#7 – Wasteful Spending Habits
Wasteful spending habits are the quiet thieves of financial security. They nibble away at your earnings, leaving you wondering where your money has gone at the end of each month. This pattern often goes unnoticed, as it’s usually composed of small, seemingly insignificant purchases that accumulate over time.
The danger of wasteful spending is its subtlety.
It’s the daily coffee on the way to work, the meal out because cooking feels like too much of an effort, or the impulse buys during the sale season.
Individually, these do not seem like considerable expenses, but together, they can consume a substantial portion of your budget.
To curtail this financial leak begins with recognizing and acknowledging these habits. Tracking every penny spent can be an eye-opening experience, illustrating just how quickly the ‘little things’ can add up. With this awareness, one can then consciously decide where to cut back.
Overcome By: Adopting a minimalist approach, where value and purpose become the benchmarks for every expense, can help combat wasteful spending. Questions like, “Do I really need this?” or “Will this purchase add value to my life?” can serve as useful filters. Take up a no spend challenge to see your mindless consumption.
#8 – Fail to Recognize the Patterns That Lead to a Near-Empty Wallet
Failing to recognize the patterns that deplete your wallet is akin to ignoring the signs of a leaking roof until it caves in—it’s a disaster in the making. Often, it isn’t one significant financial blunder, but rather a series of small, recurring missteps that lead to the near-empty wallet syndrome.
For instance, routinely underestimating monthly expenses can lead to a perpetual state of surprise when the bills pile up.
Similarly, neglecting to keep tabs on bank account balances may result in overdraft fees that, over time, take a sizable bite out of your funds.
Disregarding the accumulative effects of late payment charges or routinely paying only the minimum on credit card balances can exacerbate financial distress.
Overcome By: To reverse this trend, one must become a detective in their own financial mystery. Start by scrutinizing bank statements and tracking expenses. Look for patterns, like repeated late-night online shopping sprees or habitual dining out, which contribute to the thinning of your wallet. Use budgeting apps or spreadsheets to flag these patterns visually, making it easier to identify and amend them.
#9 – How Fear and Denial Contribute to Ongoing Money Issues
Fear comes in several forms: fear of failure, fear of taking risks, and even fear of facing the truth about one’s financial situation. It can immobilize individuals, preventing them from making necessary financial changes or taking action that could otherwise mitigate or reverse money woes.
For instance, the fear of losing money might dissuade one from investing in potentially lucrative opportunities, leaving them stuck in the low-yield safety of a savings account.
Further, there’s the psychological phenomenon of denial—a defense mechanism that numbs the pain of reality. When faced with mounting debt or budgetary failure, denial kicks in, allowing individuals to live as if the problem doesn’t exist. Unfortunately, ignoring overdue notices or dodging calls from creditors doesn’t make debts disappear.
Denial only deepens the financial hole, often leading to larger, more complex problems.
Overcome By: To confront these challenges, it’s crucial to adopt a stance of brutal honesty with oneself. This means acknowledging fears and confronting financial shortcomings head-on. Professional help, such as financial counselors or advisors, can provide support and guidance to navigate these tricky emotional waters.
#10 – No Clear Financial Goals and Plans
The absence of clear financial goals and plans is like embarking on a voyage without a destination. It not only leads to aimless wandering but also ensures that you miss out on the focus and motivation that well-defined objectives provide.
When you lack clarity on what you’re saving for or what you wish to achieve, there is little impetus to resist the temptations of immediate gratification or to weather the short-term sacrifices that long-term gains often require.
Setting clear and measurable financial goals lays the groundwork for creating effective plans to reach them.
Overcome By: To break this cycle, begin by reflecting on what you value most and where you would like to be financially in the future. Whether it’s achieving debt freedom, owning a home, funding education, or planning for retirement, having specific goals in mind will define the purpose of your financial activities. Craft a plan that outlines the steps needed to accomplish them.
#11 – Laziness is your Game
When you approach your finances with a laissez-faire attitude, it’s akin to ignoring the health of a garden; without regular attention and effort, it’s bound to wither. Financial laziness can manifest in various ways, from failing to review bank statements and ignoring budgeting to neglecting opportunities to cut costs or boost income.
Each act of omission is a step closer to the financial doldrums.
Procrastination or avoidance might seem less painful at the moment, but they ultimately compound the problem. Contrary to what some might think, simple acts of financial diligence, such as cash management or regularly doing household chores, do not require Herculean effort.
Moreover, they set a foundation for sound financial habits that thwart needless spending.
Overcome By: Schedule time for financial management much like an important meeting.
#12 – Keeping up with Others is Breaking Your Bank
The urge to keep up with others—often termed the ‘Keeping up with the Joneses’ or ‘Keeping up with the Kardashians’ phenomenon—is a profound pressure that exerts an invisible, yet powerful, force on financial habits. This social comparison can lead to an insidious form of competition, one that disregards personal financial realities in favor of an illusory social standing.
It’s an impulse driven by comparison, where the benchmark of success is set not by personal satisfaction, but by the possessions and lifestyles of others.
The decision to upgrade to a luxury car, splurge on designer clothes, or redo a perfectly functional kitchen stems not from need, but from a desire to project an image that matches or surpasses those in your social sphere.
Financial guru Dave Ramsey encapsulates this philosophy with his common saying, “Live like no one else will now, so in the future, you can live like no one else can.” This means making money moves that are right for you, not those dictated by social pressures, which can sometimes involve humbler living now for a wealthier future.
Overcome By: Breaking free from the shackles of this social competition requires introspection and a bold reaffirmation of personal values. Adjusting focus towards personal financial goals and aspirations, rather than mirroring others’ spending decisions, is key.
#13 – Need Help Differentiating Needs from Wants
The blurring line between needs and wants is a common financial pitfall that can lead individuals deeper into the morass of money woes.
Needs are essentials, the non-negotiable items necessary for survival—food, shelter, healthcare, and basic utilities.
Wants, on the other hand, include anything that is not vital for basic survival but enhances comfort and enjoyment of life.
The difficulty in distinguishing between the two often stems from habituation. What starts as a luxury, like eating out at restaurants, getting a high-end smartphone, or subscribing to multiple streaming services, can quickly become perceived as essential. This is particularly difficult in a consumer-driven society, where advertising and social media constantly inflate our perception of what we ‘need’ to lead a fulfilling life.
The result? A budget that’s stretched thin on non-essentials, leaving little room for savings or investment.
Overcome By: Regularly reassess expenses and ask the hard questions about whether a purchase is genuinely essential or merely a desire dressed up as a need.
#14 – You Don’t Make Enough Money to Cover Your Expenses
When your income doesn’t cover expenses, the strain can be relentless. This financial imbalance is often the stark root of the “I am broke” refrain. In such cases, every dollar becomes precious, and the financial breathing room feels nonexistent.
The reason is straightforward: if what comes in is less than what goes out, deficits and debt are the inevitable outcomes.
Addressing this challenge requires a two-pronged approach—increasing income and/or reducing expenses. For many, reducing expenses is the immediate reflex, and while it’s an essential strategy, there’s only so much you can save, but no limit to how much you can earn.
Overcome By: Focus on making more money. This could mean asking for a raise, seeking better-paying job opportunities, pursuing a side hustle, making money online, or acquiring new skills that offer higher income potential.
Long-Term Solutions to Build a Secure Financial Future
Building a secure financial future is an aspirational goal for many, but achieving it requires a strategic approach characterized by foresight, discipline, and an understanding of personal finance.
Becoming financially independent doesn’t happen by magic chance; it’s the result of deliberate actions taken with consistency over time.
Here are the foundational blocks for constructing a sturdy financial edifice:
Invest in Financial Literacy: Knowledge is power, and this is especially true in the realm of finance. Educate yourself about budgeting, investing, insurance, taxes, and retirement planning. Reliable resources include books, online courses, podcasts, and workshops.
Set Clear Financial Goals: Define what financial success looks like for you, whether it’s being debt-free, owning a home, or achieving financial independence. Detailed goals provide direction and motivation for your financial plan.
Create a Robust Budget: A flexible budget isn’t a one-time exercise but a living document that should evolve with your financial situation. It should reflect your income, fixed and variable expenses, and financial goals.
Establish an Emergency Fund: This is the bedrock of financial security. Aim to save three to six months’ worth of living expenses to protect yourself from unforeseen circumstances without falling into debt.
Pay Off Debt: High-interest debt is a major impediment to financial growth. Utilize strategies like the debt snowball or avalanche methods to tackle debts efficiently. Once you’re debt-free, avoid accumulating new debt.
Diversify Income Streams: Relying on a single source of income is a risk. Look for opportunities to create additional streams of income, such as side businesses, freelance work, or passive income from investments.
Invest Wisely: Make your money work for you through smart investments. Consider diversified portfolios, retirement accounts, and tax-efficient investment strategies to grow your wealth over time.
Plan for Retirement: The future is closer than you think. Contribute regularly to retirement accounts like 401(k)s or IRAs. Take advantage of employer match programs if available, as they’re essentially free money.
Protect Yourself with Insurance: Ensure you have adequate insurance coverage for health, life, property, and potential liabilities. This helps to guard against catastrophic financial losses.
Breaking the Cycle of Being Broke
Just like becoming broke is often a gradual process—a few uncalculated loans, hasty investments, and numerous credit card swipes. Suddenly, financial stability seems like a far-off dream.
The same goes for breaking the cycle of being broke. It is about moving from living paycheck to paycheck with no savings, drowning in debt, and making questionable spending decisions to become financially stable.
Even though our society may see being broke as normal, it is possible to embrace financial prudence to defy such norms. It’s time to delve into the reasons behind the perpetuation of brokeness and unveil practical steps toward lasting financial freedom.
What do I do if I’m broke?
Finding yourself in a financial predicament where the end of your money arrives before your next paycheck is a stress-inducing scenario.
When faced with the stark reality of being broke, here’s a step-by-step guide to help you navigate through and set the stage for a more stable financial future:
Assess Your Situation: Take stock of all your available assets and resources. This includes checking account balances, any savings, and items you could potentially sell for quick cash. Understanding what you have can help you gauge your immediate next steps.
Prioritize Your Expenses: Sort your expenses by urgency and necessity. Essentials like rent, utilities, and groceries come first. Non-essentials or discretionary spending should be paused or significantly reduced until your financial situation improves.
Reduce Costs Immediately: Eliminate any non-essential expenses. Cancel or suspend subscriptions, memberships, or services that are not vital. Consider cheaper alternatives for necessary expenses, and utilize community resources, such as food pantries, if needed.
Negotiate with Creditors: If you’re struggling to pay your bills, proactively reach out to creditors to discuss payment options. Many are willing to work with you on a revised payment plan to avoid defaults.
Seek Additional Income Sources: Consider taking on a side job, selling unused items, freelancing, or offering your skills for short-term gigs. Even small amounts of additional income can make a significant difference when you’re broke.
Consider Assistance Programs: Look into local, state, and federal assistance programs. You may be eligible for temporary aid to help with food, housing, or utility bills.
Borrow with Caution: If borrowing is unavoidable, be cautious and choose the most cost-effective options such as loans from family or friends, a personal loan with a low-interest rate, or a hardship withdrawal from your retirement account (as a last resort).
Remember, being broke can happen to anyone, so there’s no shame in it.
The key is to take swift, decisive action to mitigate the immediate crisis while also planning longer-term strategies to prevent recurrence. By addressing the issue head-on and adjusting your financial habits, you can initiate the journey from being broke to becoming financially buoyant.
FAQ: Navigating Away from Being Broke
Finding yourself consistently broke at the end of each month is an indicator that there’s a disconnect between your income and your spending habits.
It’s often the result of several factors or behaviors that, when combined, result in a cycle of financial scarcity. Here are common reasons why this might be happening:
No Budget or Poor Budgeting
Overspending
Impulse Purchases
Lack of Emergency Savings
Failure to Track Expenses
Living paycheck to paycheck
High Debt Payments
Remember, understanding why you’re broke at the end of the month is the first step towards financial stability.
Saving money when funds seem stretched to their limit is a challenge that requires creative strategy and discipline. Even with a tight budget, there are ways to eke out savings without significantly impacting your day-to-day life.
If saving a significant amount seems daunting, start by saving your change. Physically save coins or use apps that round up your purchases to the nearest dollar and save the difference. Check out my mini savings challenges.
Saving money when it seems there’s barely enough to cover the bills begins with a commitment to take whatever steps are necessary, however small they may initially seem. Every dollar saved is a step towards financial resilience and a buffer against future financial challenges.
Investing can be a powerful tool for building wealth over the long term, and it’s often considered a key component of achieving financial stability. However, for those who are currently struggling to make ends meet, the decision to invest should be approached with caution.
Investing typically involves committing money with the expectation of achieving a future financial return. It has the potential to outpace inflation and increase your wealth due to the power of compound interest. Nevertheless, it often carries the risk of losing the invested capital, a risk that those in financial distress may not be in the position to take.
Feeling Broke without Money – Time to Make A Change
Feeling broke is a stressful and demoralizing experience, but it’s also a clarion call for change. It signals that your financial health needs attention and that your money management strategies may require a significant overhaul.
However, the situation is not without hope; with determination and the right approach, it’s possible to transform your financial landscape.
The journey away from the precipice of being broke begins with honesty, introspection, and a willingness to adapt. It’s about confronting uncomfortable truths, devising a clear plan, and taking decisive action. From crafting and adhering to a precise budget, cutting unnecessary expenses, to seeking additional income streams—all these steps are essential in the path to financial stability.
Remember, feeling broke isn’t a permanent state. Mindset is everything.
It’s a challenge to be met, an opportunity for growth, and a chance to steer the course of your financial ship towards calmer and more abundant waters. Your future self will thank you for the changes you implement today, so take that first step now.
>>>It’s time to make a change—because you deserve the peace of mind that comes with financial security.
Source
Experian. “Experian Study: U.S. Consumer Debt Reaches $16.84 Trillion in Q2 2023.” https://www.experian.com/blogs/ask-experian/research/consumer-debt-study/. Accessed January 25, 2024.
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. “Emergency Savings and Financial Security.” https://files.consumerfinance.gov/f/documents/cfpb_mem_emergency-savings-financial-security_report_2022-3.pdf. Accessed January 25, 2024.
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A college degree can be a major rite of passage and career stepping stone for millions of Americans. Putting one’s education to work can unlock professional rewards and a solid financial future.
However, there’s no denying that the cost of tuition can be daunting. The student loan debt balance has surged 66% over the past decade and, according to the Federal Reserve, currently totals more than $1.77 trillion (that’s trillion, not billion).
Having those payments unfurling before you can be stressful and frustrating, and the effects of student loan debt can be far-reaching. It can seem as if some of your personal, professional, and financial goals will have to wait until you can pay off what you owe. But there are ways to manage those loans and navigate this situation. After all, student debt is what you are going through, not who you are.
Here, you’ll learn more about student loan debt, how it can impact borrowers’ life decisions, and ways to minimize those effects and manage debt more effectively.
Student Loan Debt Statistics
To understand how impactful student loan debt can be, here’s some perspective. Consumer debt in the United States is measured by the Federal Reserve in five distinct categories — home, auto, credit card, student, and other debt.
Using the Federal Reserve Bank of New York data from 2023, here’s how household debt stacks up in the U.S.:
• Mortgage debt (excluding HELOCs, or home equity lines of credit): $12.14 trillion
• Student loan debt: $1.599 trillion
• Auto loan debt: $1.595 trillion
• Credit card debt: $1.079 trillion
Here’s how educational debt stacks up more specifically: In 2023, the average student loan borrower carried $37,338 in federal debt and $54,921 in private debt. 💡 Quick Tip: Enjoy no hidden fees and special member benefits when you refinance student loans with SoFi.
Impact of Student Loan Debt on Life Plans
Given the cost of student loan debt, some borrowers may delay big life decisions, such as buying a home or starting a family until they are further along in their loan repayment or have their debt totally paid off. Here are some specifics about the potential negative effects of student loan debt. Then, more happily, you’ll find tips on managing what you owe.
Homebuying
One landmark study in the Journal of Labor Economics found that a $1,000 increase in student loan debt lowered the rate of homeownership by approximately 1.8% for people in their mid-twenties who went to a public college for four years. This is equivalent to a delay of about four months in achieving homeownership per $1,000 in debt.
Indeed, as student debt has increased, homeownership among younger Americans has decreased. Experts, however, caution that this is a complex situation and not a matter of student debt meaning you can’t buy a house.
It’s true that student loans can raise a person’s debt-to-income ratio (DTI), a critical measure of creditworthiness. And it can slow an individual’s ability to save for a down payment.
That said, there are ways to get a mortgage with a student loan. By managing debt responsibly and building your credit score, you can achieve this goal. It’s also wise to look into the various mortgages available with as little as 3% down or even 0% for qualifying candidates.
Pursuing Graduate School
If you have undergraduate student loan debt, you may decide to delay or forgo enrolling in a graduate or professional degree program. Graduate school can often mean even more debt. According to the Education Data Initiative, the average graduate student loan debt is $76,620 among federal borrowers, with only 14.3% of that coming from the borrower’s undergraduate studies.
That said, an advanced degree can mean increased job opportunities. For example, the starting salary for those who majored in computer and information sciences of a recent graduating class was $86,964 with a bachelor’s degree and $105,894 with a master’s degree. And if you want to go to medical school, law school, or business school (which can lead to fulfilling and lucrative careers), you will need significant additional training. So it’s important to determine if taking out the debt is worthwhile vs. your anticipated earning potential.
Employment and Career Choices
What you’ve just read indicates some of the ways that student loan debt can impact your career plans. There are a couple of other ways that your loan balance might impact your career:
• If you have significant debt and are faced with the choice between your dream job at a lower salary and a basic job at a higher pay grade, you might opt for the one that fattens your bank account even though it doesn’t thrill you.
• Also, some companies (particularly those in the financial industry) may check your credit score as part of your job application. Student loans could build your score if you pay on time, and they could broaden your credit mix. But loans also create the opportunity to make a late payment or miss one entirely. Those are aspects of your payment history, the single largest contributor to your score. If you don’t stick to your schedule and pay what you owe every month, you could wind up with a lower score.
Marriage and Divorce
Student loans can also impact one’s personal relationships. According to a 2023 Student Loan Planner® survey, one in four borrowers said they delayed their marriage plans due to student debt. In addition, more than half of respondents (57%) said their student loans were a source of considerable stress in their marriage or relationship.
Marriage can impact your student loan payments, depending on the types of loans you have and the repayment plan you are on. If you are on an income-based repayment plan, your monthly bill might change based on how much you and your spouse earn and how you file your taxes.
Marriages and money can create complex situations that are hard to fully decode. When looking at the impact of student loan debt on divorce, it can be tricky to unravel the interplay of factors. One survey conducted a few years ago found that 13% of respondents attribute student loan debt as a cause of their divorce. Yet some couples with student loan debt were more likely to delay divorce due to their student loans and how it might impact their ability to repay their debt. So in matters of the heart and the wallet, there isn’t a clear consensus.
Recommended: How Marriage Can Affect Your Student Loan Payments
Starting a Family
According to the USDA and other government statistics, it can cost more than $330,000 to raise a child to age 18. That’s no small amount, and it’s a daunting figure for many. Those carrying a hefty amount of student debt may delay parenthood as they pay off their loans.
One landmark New York Times survey in 2018 found that among people who didn’t plan to have children at all, 13% said it was as a result of student debt. In a more recent study of those with high student debt, 35% said they were waiting to have kids due to the impact of their loans on their finances. Still others may respond to this scenario by adopting strategies to pay off student loans faster.
Saving for Retirement
One of the negative effects of debt on young adults is that their retirement savings can be impacted. A recent study conducted by Fidelity found that 84% of borrowers felt that their loans impacted their ability to save for their retirement.
A study from a few years ago bore this out: Research by the Center for Retirement Research at Boston College found that Millennials who had never borrowed student loans saved twice as much for retirement by age 30 as college graduates who have student debt.
Here’s another bit of intel that supports the fact that student debt can make it harder to save for your future. Fidelity also found that the percentage of student loan borrowers who put at least 5% of their salary into their retirement plan rose from 63% to 72% during the Covid-19 loan payment pause.
Delaying retirement savings can mean playing catch up in your later years. Typically, the earlier you start saving for retirement, the more time your money will have to benefit from compound interest.
It can seem overwhelming to start saving for retirement while you’re still paying off student loan debt, but doing both at the same time can help you meet your financial goals in the future. 💡 Quick Tip: Refinancing could be a great choice for working graduates who have higher-interest graduate PLUS loans, Direct Unsubsidized Loans, and/or private loans.
How to Manage Your Student Loans
As you’ve just read, student loans can impact many areas of your life. But you are not alone in this situation, and your loans will not be with you forever. Focus on smart solutions to help you manage your debt repayment. Consider the following strategies.
Keep Paying
Even when money is tight, it’s wise to pay on time, as much as possible. Timely payments are the single biggest contributing factor to your credit score, an important financial metric. So do your best to keep current on those monthly installments.
Make a Budget
It’s hard to effectively manage your student debt and your finances in general if you don’t know how much money you have coming in and going out. If you don’t yet have a budget or yours isn’t working well for you, commit to reviewing different budgeting methods and finding one that works.
This process of tracking your money and possibly trimming your spending could reveal ways to free up more funds to pay off your debt.
Repayment Plans
There are federal student loan repayment plans that base your monthly payment on your income or ones that give you a fixed monthly payment. Those that are based on your income may help you lower your monthly payment.
It can be worthwhile to consider your options. For fixed payments, you may have a choice between standard, graduated, and extended plans. If you focus on income-driven repayment (IDR) plans, you will likely review the SAVE Plan (which replaces REPAYE), PAYE, IBR (income-based repayment), and ICR (income-contingent repayment) plans. With IDR plans, once you satisfy a certain number of months of qualifying payments, you can be eligible for forgiveness on the remaining balance of your loan(s).
Deferment and Forbearance
If you are finding it challenging to pay your federal student loans, you may be able to take advantage of deferment or forbearance, which are both ways of pausing or lowering your payments for a specific period of time. Perhaps you haven’t yet found a job after graduation or have another situation that is impacting your ability to pay; these programs can help qualifying borrowers out.
The main difference between is that during deferment, borrowers are not required to pay the interest that accrues if they have a qualifying loan. With forbearance, however, borrowers are always responsible for paying the interest that accrues, no matter what kind of federal loans they have.
Forgiveness
Here’s another path to lessening the impact of student loans on your life: forgiveness, which means you may not have to pay back some or all of your federal student loans. For these programs, there are a variety of qualifying factors, such as whether you’re a teacher, government employee, or worker at a nonprofit. Other factors could be that you have a disability, your school closed, or you declared bankruptcy, among others. It’s worthwhile to research your eligibility because the upside could be significant.
Recommended: A Look at the Public Service Loan Forgiveness Program
Refinancing
Another possible way to reduce the impact of student debt on your life is student loan refinancing.
When you refinance your loans you take out a new loan with a private lender. Depending on your credit history and financial profile, you can qualify for a lower interest rate, which could substantially lower the amount of money you pay in interest over the life of the loan (depending on the term you select, of course). Two important notes about this:
• When you refinance federal loans with a private loan, you forfeit federal protections and benefits (such as the forbearance and forgiveness options mentioned above).
• If you refinance for an extended term, even though your monthly payment may be lower, you may pay more in interest over the life of the loan.
To see how refinancing could help you manage your student loans, take a look at an online student loan refinance calculator.
The Takeaway
Looking to lower your monthly student loan payment? Refinancing may be one way to do it — by extending your loan term, getting a lower interest rate than what you currently have, or both. (Please note that refinancing federal loans makes them ineligible for federal forgiveness and protections. Also, lengthening your loan term may mean paying more in interest over the life of the loan.) SoFi student loan refinancing offers flexible terms that fit your budget.
With SoFi, refinancing is fast, easy, and all online. We offer competitive fixed and variable rates.
SoFi Student Loan Refinance If you are a federal student loan borrower, you should consider all of your repayment opportunities including the opportunity to refinance your student loan debt at a lower APR or to extend your term to achieve a lower monthly payment. Please note that once you refinance federal student loans you will no longer be eligible for current or future flexible payment options available to federal loan borrowers, including but not limited to income-based repayment plans or extended repayment plans.
SoFi Loan Products SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.
Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.
I want to share a fantastic Q&A from this past week. A reader, “Vince,” wrote in and said:
Hi Jesse. I just reread your best of 2023 post about Compounding. Well, I’m late 50s. No debt. Have stayed the course, and am retiring with 4.2m dollars and 5.5m net worth. I’m the poster child for DCA, yearly rebalancing and living below your means but enjoying life. My wife and I know we’re very fortunate.
Here’s the irony. Bernstein said ‘when you win the game, stop playing ‘ To me, that means going to a 55/45 (or even a 50/50) portfolio in perpetuity because a 3% withdrawal rate is likely all we need to keep us happy. Yet, I’m giving up some return that comes with 60/40.
Thoughts? I can afford to be more aggressive, maybe much more so, but is it worth it? Or should I just chill, rebalance annually or every 18 months, and watch the portfolio grow but a bit more slowly.
Thanks!
Vince is in an awesome situation. To add some context to his message:
I wrote back to Vince and said:
Hey Vince. Thanks for reading and for writing in. It’s fun to chat with folks like you.
First off…wow. You find yourself in a terrific position! I love those details…dca, rebalance, live below your means. Do you mind if I ask…looking back, what was your rough average career household salary? And where did that salary max out? I’m just curious.
[And now I’m coming back up here after having written the entire email…this would be a wonderful blog post Q&A, with your permission. Happy to anonymize you entirely. Let me know your thoughts?]
Yes – great Bernstein quote. I have a thought experiment that might put you at ease…
Take your current household spending needs…let’s say, $150,000 per year.
Social Security will cover some…let’s say $50,000 per year (assuming you’re US? your country might have a different social safety net)
Therefore, your portfolio needs to cover $100,000 every year.
And I’m going to assume (?) the $4.2M you mention is fully investable.
If you went 50/50 in your portfolio – roughly $2.1M in stocks, $2.1M in bonds – you’d have 21 years of annual spending in bonds. Ideally, high-grade Treasury bonds. In theory, you have 21 years of buffer before you “need” to tap into your stocks.
Do we have faith that your stocks will outpace bonds over a 21-year period? That’s now the critical question. Based on the stuff I talk about on The Best Interest, my answer is: yes, 21 years is a sufficient period for stocks to do their thing.
Next question: can/should we pull that period closer to the present? 15 years? 10 years?
60/40 –> $2.5M stocks, $1.7M bonds –> 17 years
70/30 –> $2.95M stocks, $1.25M bonds –> 12.5 years
I think you can feel good about 60/40. 17 years of bonds is a great buffer.
But should you? You’re right that, technically speaking, you’re adding more risk to your portfolio. And for what reason? To die with a larger pile of money?
It all comes back to Bernstein’s quote: what game are you playing, Vince? Have you “won?” If not, that’s fine. But ask yourself: when will that answer change? What is “winning” to you?
For example, if you have big goals for your “Excess Money,” that’s a different story. Do you want to donate $1M to the dog shelter when you die? In that case, we should separate that portion of your money from the rest of your money, and invest it differently.
But if you’re main/most important goal is, “Live comfortably forever,” and the 55/45 gets you there…great! You’ve done it.
…now I’m curious, how much return are you actually giving up in the long run by shifting down from 60/40 to 55/45?
Assume 7% annualized inflation-adjusted returns for stocks and 2% inflation-adjusted for bonds
60/40 –> 5.00% per year, or 165% inflation-adjusted growth over 20 years.
55/45 –> 4.75% per year, or 153% inflation-adjusted growth over 20 years.
Definitely a difference. But not a huge one, IMO, especially when you (specifically you) won’t define success or failure based on that ~0.25% per year annualized difference.
Alright – that’s a lot. But I hope it helps.
If Vince’s portfolio is $4.2M and his annual needs are $100,000, he’ll be entering retirement following (essentially) a “2.38% Rule.” That’s way more conservative than the classic 4% Rule.
He doesn’t need to expose himself to undo risk. 60% stocks, 55% stocks, 50% stocks…Vince will be successful in any of these portfolios. Since he has “won the game” of career financial success, he can “stop playing the game” by taking some of his chips off the table a.k.a. reducing his exposure to risk assets (stocks).
Stocks outperform bonds over long periods of time, and Vince will be able to leave his stocks untouched for decades (if he wants to).
Now, Vince did get back to me and shared some of his personal story. I want to share some of those details with you.
On his salary and investing: “I started at 35k in 1994 and ended at about 560k this year. One outlier year was about 600k. I’d bet my average was around 200k but there were so many big jumps it’s really hard to say. (I never moved jobs for a bigger salary. In fact sometimes I took less to be happier. Eventually , the money came). Also, I got married and we both worked so I’d guess 275k average over 30 years, but this may be off. As I mentioned, dca, rebalance, live below our means. Also, 95% indexing with 4 funds and occasionally buying a stock or two and holding it.
Vince’s top-end salary ($500 – $600K) is top 1% territory. His average salary ($275K) is top ~4%. Vince earned great money. But his starting salary is relatively low. Salary growth was essential for Vince’s success. The lesson: you can – and should – look for ways to increase your income over your career. It might take decades. But it makes a huge difference.
And Vince’s investing technique is…boring! Index funds, dollar-cost averaging, buy-and-hold, annual rebalance. Sound familiar?! The boring stuff, while BORING, really does work.
I’m not pulling your leg here with my articles and podcasts about boring, long-term investing. I’m serious. It works. Just look at Vince. Moving on…
On his lifestyle: “We drive old cars and jeans and t shirts are our preferred outfits. We researched our area before buying and our house that cost 350k is now worth about 1.2m. Actually, not the best 25-year return, but we’re very happy here.We want to keep living simply but comfortably. We’ve put 2 kids through college and have no debt. We love traveling but can do it rather inexpensively. In fact, we just spent a month in Portugal for a small amount. So 55/45 it is. THANK YOU!!!!!
(FYI, the housing return Vince mentioned is about 5.5% nominal / 2.7% real annual return. )
The important takeaway is Vince’s choice to drive cheaper cars and wear cheaper clothes than he otherwise could. By my math, you could buy a Corvette on a $500,000 salary. You could fly first class. You could eat caviar. But Vince is an example that wealth is what you don’t see.
“Wealth is created by a slow, steady drip of investment deposits, just like decades of waves carving a shoreline rock. Wealth is compound interest that grows slowly at first, then rapidly in the end. Wealth is what you choose not to spend money on. Wealth is quiet.”
It sounds like Vince still doing what he loves. He’s cutting costs where he can (or where he simply doesn’t care), but then spending where he wants to. That’s bimodal spending. Vince is enjoying the journey.
Vince is a success story. He’s won the game. And now, like a smart investor, he’s opting to “stop playing” by taking some of his investment risk off the table.
Thanks, Vince, for sharing your example with us.
Thank you for reading! If you enjoyed this article, join 7500+ subscribers who read my 2-minute weekly email, where I send you links to the smartest financial content I find online every week.
-Jesse
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In this episode of NerdWallet’s Smart Money Podcast, hosts Sean Pyles and Sara Rathner share the best money moves of 2023 as submitted by their fellow colleagues. Some of the highlights include saving aggressively to prepare for future expenses, getting rid of private mortgage insurance, automating finances for budgeting and planning, setting up 529 college savings plans for children, shopping around for the best mortgage rates, and understanding the difference between an emergency fund and a rainy day fund.
Check out this episode on your favorite podcast platform, including:
Episode transcript
This transcript was generated from podcast audio by an AI tool.
Sean Pyles:
If you’re a loyal fan of the show, it’s possible you stay until the very end of each episode and if you do, you always hear us say, “Until next time, turn to the Nerds.” Well, today, dear listener, we are turning the show over to the Nerds. We present the best money moves of 2023 by our fellow Nerds.
Amy Knight:
This year I learned how to explain the effect of compounding using a lovely seasonal analogy, snow. You think of your money like snow. When you spend it, it melts and runs away, but when you save it, any new snowfall sticks to the snow that’s already there.
Sean Pyles:
Welcome to NerdWallet’s Smart Money Podcast. I’m Sean Pyles.
Sara Rathner:
I’m Sara Rathner.
Sean Pyles:
This episode finishes off our Nerdy deep dive into the end of 2023. This is it, Sara, the finale of our last series of the year.
Sara Rathner:
The piece de resistance.
Sean Pyles:
Yes. We sent a notice out calling all Nerds, asking for the best things our colleagues did with their money in 2023, and I mean all Nerds, IT, HR, everybody, even the corner office, and today we’re going to share their money wins.
Sara Rathner:
I love this. Before we start, you and I are Nerds, too, right, Sean? Should we start with our money wins for 2023?
Sean Pyles:
I think we should. Sara, give us yours.
Sara Rathner:
Yeah. This sounds like a weird money win, but I have said, on the show before, one of the pieces of advice that I got when I was younger was to save as aggressively as you can for as long as you can because your life will get more complicated as you get older. Well, I have reached the point where my life is complicated and expensive, and I will say that because I had spent those years putting money away as best I could, I had money on hand to do the things that I needed to do this year.
There were some unexpected repairs to our house that we had to do. We ended up replacing our car because we had a baby, and that was probably one of the most expensive things I did in 2023 was pay all those hospital bills, and now I’m paying daycare bills, so this kid will cost me money until he’s 35 and then maybe he’ll be independent by then. We’ll know.
Sean Pyles:
They say you reap what you sow. You had been sowing savings for years and years, and now you are seeing the benefits of that, which is great.
Sara Rathner:
Yeah. What it has allowed us to do, and by us, I mean I say my husband and I, is say yes to the things we need and know that we have the money on hand. That’s really nice when something in your house breaks or there’s something that you want to do like travel or a night out with friends that’s going to cost a lot of money. We can say yes to the things that mean something to us because we spent so long just pocketing and putting money away, living as well below our means as we could. Now, I think we’re living at our means, which is nice.
Sean, what about you? What is your money win for 2023?
Sean Pyles:
Well, it’s a little Nerdy and a little in the weeds maybe, but I got rid of my private mortgage insurance on my house after going into war with the bank that owns my mortgage. It was not a fun process, but I came out the victor, and I’m so proud of myself for that because the bank that owns my mortgage is not very nice. That’s my money win for 2023.
Sara Rathner:
I’m surprised you had to go to war. Isn’t it just like, once you hit 20% equity, you have to refinance, or how does that work?
Sean Pyles:
Oh, yes, they barraged me with a mountain of paperwork and time delays and bureaucratic processes that I actually detailed in a Money Hot Takes episode of Smart Money. I think that you were out on maternity leave, Sara.
Sara Rathner:
Sean Pyles:
Will do. Okay. Great. Well, before we get into the Nerd’s best money moves of 2023, a reminder, dear listener, that we always love hearing from you. Leave us a voicemail or text the Nerd hotline at 901-730-6373, that’s 901-730 N-E-R-D, or email a voice memo to [email protected].
All right. Sara, are you ready to hear from our Nerdy colleagues about their best money moves of 2023?
Sara Rathner:
I am. Let’s see what they all learned this year and maybe we could take some of that advice and apply to our own finances.
Sean Pyles:
Yeah. I mean, that’s the idea, so let’s start with the boss. Tim Chen is the founder and CEO of NerdWallet, and he did an energy efficient move this year.
I switched from a Mercedes SUV to a Toyota Sienna. I’m getting twice the gas mileage. I’m using the cheap gas, and I’m paying about a 10th as much every time I service the car.
Sara Rathner:
Well, Sean, it is so true that you really save money on servicing when you don’t have a luxury car. Just getting a new battery or oil filter can be less expensive.
Sean Pyles:
Sara Rathner:
Yeah, new to me, and it’s a hybrid, so the mileage is pretty sweet.
Sean Pyles:
Nice. All right. Well, let’s hear from another Nerd. Skylar Damiano is an IT administrator here at NerdWallet.
Skylar Damiano:
My partner and I are accelerating our marriage to the end of this year because it’ll save us a ton of money in the long run via tax benefits. These are things that we just never thought about when we were single or, even in our case as queer people who never really thought about marriage beyond our domestic partnership, but I’ve also learned that I will never stop learning about the financial world around me. I can’t possibly know everything related to financial wellbeing, but the more I research and the more I practice good habits, the more likely I am to carry those good habits into the future.
One that stuck with me from last year is not spending beyond my means. I now wait until I have funds available before I make a purchase like a new smartphone or a new toy or a hobby that I want to get into. In this case, I want to become a DJ in the next year. I’m not spending any money on that equipment though until I for sure have enough to save on it, because if I have the option to not rely on credit, but instead use my credit card to my advantage via cashback, it’s far more rewarding for me down the line.
Sean Pyles:
Sara, waiting until you have enough money to actually purchase something you want is a timeless piece of financial advice, one of the most basic and most important.
Also, Skylar, I would love to hear a DJ set when you are up and running with your equipment.
Sara Rathner:
This is near and dear to my heart, but utilizing a credit card for points or cashback instead of carrying a balance, that is chef’s kiss. And Skylar wasn’t the only Nerd highlighting this idea. Here’s Tom Lehmann, an account executive for NerdWallet.
Tom Lehmann:
The best piece of financial advice I would have to say is live well below your means. What a lot of people do is, over the course of their career, they tend to make more money, and when that happens, they tend to buy more stuff. They buy a cooler car, bigger house, more clothes, everything. I call that the lifestyle tax. If you really want to take control of your finances, what you have to do is you have to increase the gap between how much you make and what your expenses are.
I think making more money will naturally happen to a lot of people as they progress in their career, so I think the real key is figuring out where you could cut costs and be minimalistic about everything in your life. Just getting rid of stuff and getting out of the habit of buying stupid stuff every time. Every time you buy one thing, you’ve got to get rid of two in your house. That’s a great way to start.
Sara Rathner:
Sean, I think a lot of us often take the opportunity at the end of the year or the start of a new one to get rid of stupid stuff. The harder part is Tom’s advice to get out of the habit of buying stupid stuff in the first place.
Sean Pyles:
Yeah, preaching to the choir, Sara, because I’m sure that I have some stupid stuff on the way to my front door as we speak. All right. Well, let’s hear now from Sally French. She’s a travel writer here, and she’s been on the show before. Here is her takeaway from 2023.
Sally French:
My biggest money lesson is to always ask if your travels go wrong. I was caught up in the United meltdown as well as I had a canceled Southwest flight, and even though I was able to get another flight, I was still delayed. While I wasn’t entitled to any compensation officially, I still asked the airline customer service and I asked nicely, and in both instances, I got either a flight credit or miles from the airline. Even if your travels are disrupted, even if you’re not entitled to compensation, it doesn’t hurt to ask, because like I did, I was able to get some money back.
Sara Rathner:
Love it. Always ask. What do you have to lose? All they can say is no and you’re on your way, or not and you’re stuck at the airport indefinitely, but you could still ask.
Sean Pyles:
Yeah. You’re hopefully on your way unless your flight is canceled twice, but yes, it’s always worth asking. Next up, we have Kevin Berry. He leads multimedia content here at NerdWallet and happens to be my direct boss. You’ve heard his name in the credits of this show as a fact-checker and editor.
Kevin Berry:
I think my big money takeaway from 2023 is that automation of your money can be really, really valuable and super helpful when it comes to budgeting and planning. I spend, whatever, an hour every January looking at everything and the money coming into my checking account, and I had set up all these automated like, “Send this money here. Send this money to an investment account. Send this money to a savings account,” and just set it and forgot about it and let it do its thing this year, and then that has really come back to help me.
For example, the property tax bill showed up, and I was like, “Whoa, it went up, it’s thousands and thousands of dollars,” but then I went to my account that I’d set up for automated savings for property taxes because I knew this bill was coming, right? Kevin in January knew Kevin in November had to pay this bill, and lo and behold, the math held up and there was the right amount of money there, and that just took a lot of stress out of it. Yeah, I think my money lesson is invest in automation for things that you know you’re going to need to pay for or want to pay for, even like a vacation. That’s just been a real stress reliever and time saver on my end in 2023.
Sara Rathner:
Oh, man, Sean, automation can absolutely save your sanity. I have quite a few automated contributions in my own finances. A big one, two big ones, is I automate contributions for my largest expenses, which are my mortgage and daycare, and that comes out of my checking account into a joint savings account. My husband also contributes, and then the money is whisked away by an automatic clearing house once a month or once every other week, depending on the bill.
Sean Pyles:
Lovely. You just need to make sure that the money is actually automatically going into that checking account so it can then be paid elsewhere.
Sara Rathner:
Then there’s automation, obviously, into my retirement account, my 401(k) that I set up at work. If you work for a place where you have to opt into the 401(k) when you first start your job, do it. Because the longer you wait to get that started, the less money you’re able to save up, and you might even be missing out on employer match. If you’re starting a new job or if you have been in your job for a while, but you just haven’t bothered to set up your retirement accounts yet through your employer, maybe make this the year you do that.
Sean Pyles:
Absolutely. Well, I think I’m going to take a page out of Kevin’s book and set up automated deposits into an account for my car’s annual registration, because every year, June Sean curses every-other-month-of-the-year Sean for not saving up for that in advance. Okay. Our next piece of advice is from Hannah Cho. She’s our Nerdy vice president of content.
Hanah Cho:
This year, I’m really proud of finally sending up 529 college saving plans for my two kids. I have three kids, and I have one set up for my oldest, and I finally got around to setting up two for my youngest. I’m really trying to lean into taking advantage of time. They’re still very young where I still have probably 10 to 12 years before they head off to college.
Sean Pyles:
Yes. All of those years of investing and compounding will work wonders. Sara, I know you just had your baby like five minutes ago, but have you set up a 529?
Sara Rathner:
I have, so by the time my kid is 18, he’ll either be well on his way to college or he’ll be fighting in the climate war of 2041.
Sean Pyles:
That’s grim, but probably not inaccurate.
Sara Rathner:
It’s grim, but I want to set him up for a realistic life.
Sean Pyles:
Right. He’ll be able to buy plenty of munitions on the battlefield.
Sara Rathner:
Sean Pyles:
Well, Sara, you weren’t the only Nerd to procreate this year. Adam Smith did as well, and he’s all over the 529 planning.
Adam Smith:
In 2023, my wife and I actually had twin boys, and the first thing that came up once I heard that was knowing that I’ve got to pay for potentially two college educations at the same time, so another thing that crossed my mind was what if one of them goes to college and the other one doesn’t, or what if neither of them go to college? What’s the best way to approach this? We actually found that there’s a change to the 529 plan, which is how a lot of people save for their child’s college education, and so should your child or if one of our twins or both of them decide not to go to college in the future, you can actually roll the 529 plan into a Roth IRA, and the beneficiary of the 529 plan now becomes the owner of that Roth IRA. Traditional Roth IRA rules apply when transferring ownership, but, that being said, it’s a great savings vehicle for college planning or setting up a nice little nest egg for my twins in the future.
Sean Pyles:
You know what, Sara? I love that Adam knows that there are options for his kids, college or no college.
Sara Rathner:
Yes, and this is a huge way to get your kids started on their financial lives regardless of what they do after high school.
Sean Pyles:
All right. Up next is Alison McCoy, VP of brand marketing at NerdWallet.
Alison McCoy:
My husband and I, we’ve officially begun our home-buying process, and one of the best things we did this year was shop around for the best mortgage. I was pretty surprised at the options out there even in this high interest rate environment and feel really confident that we found the right option for us, that makes sure we’re not leaving any money on the table.
Sara Rathner:
Yes, always shop around for just about anything, but especially mortgage rates especially now.
Sean Pyles:
As Alison knows, we have a lot of mortgage and home buying information all over NerdWallet. We have a whole team devoted to that subject matter, and Abby Badach Doyle is a member of that team. Here’s her best money move of 2023.
Abby Badach Doyle:
This year, I learned the difference between an emergency fund and a rainy day fund. People use those terms interchangeably. I know I sure did, so I never really thought about it, but they’re actually two pretty different things. An emergency fund is for big major surprise expenses like major unexpected car repairs, new carburetor, and a rainy day fund is to help you pay for those things that aren’t necessarily emergencies, but are still outside of the scope of your typical monthly budget, like “Wow, the car is dirty after this camping trip. Can we please pay someone to do a deep clean and a full detail?”
Anyway, in our savings account, we’ve always used named sub-accounts for goals like holiday shopping and travel, but then we had this amorphous blob of money that I always felt so weird and guilty tapping into. Even though we’re disciplined savers and there was always enough there, it always just felt weird. This year, I split the blob into separate rainy day and emergency fund accounts, and that took away all of the stress and weirdness. Mentally, it was so helpful to not feel bad about spending money that I knew that we needed to spend on stuff that we knew was coming and to know that we’re still on track with our emergency savings for the bigger, unexpected stuff.
If you haven’t tried naming sub-accounts yet, I highly recommend it, and review the names often to make sure that they’re still working for you. If you need to set a savings goal for your emergency fund, try using an online calculator. NerdWallet, of course, has a great one. And then name that and separate it from your rainy day fund and from the rest of your other savings goals. That might be a small thing, but it was super helpful to me this year, and I hope that it helps you, too.
Sean Pyles:
Sara Rathner:
Sean Pyles:
Sara Rathner:
Sean Pyles:
I feel like we should do a chest bump or a high five after that. Anyway, Sara, do you have an amorphous blob of money that you feel weird and guilty tapping into?
Sara Rathner:
Always with the guilt, but the blob of money is divided into several smaller sub-blobs in the form of a few accounts with different purposes, and that helps me stay organized when it comes to deciding which accounts to use when I need to fund something.
Sean Pyles:
Love it. I mean, it’s no secret to devoted Smart Money listeners that I have many sub-blob accounts that I use on a daily basis. Also, nice call out to our NerdWallet calculators. Okay. On to our final Nerdy piece of advice.
Sara Rathner:
Already? That was fast.
Sean Pyles:
I know. Well, the good news is, Sara, that we’re always here, all of us, all of us Nerds, and we are here for you and our listeners. Our final guest is Amy Knight. She is a spokesperson for NerdWallet UK, and she has a money lesson to share about compound interest and the beauty of snowfall.
Amy Knight:
I have a money lesson to share about compound interest. This year, I learned how to explain the effect of compounding using a lovely seasonal analogy, snow. I think this is a great way to think about saving, and it can be helpful when you’re trying to start taking a longer-term view of your finances.
The lesson is this. You think of your money like snow. When you spend it, it melts and runs away, but when you save it, any new snowfall sticks to the snow that’s already there. New snowfall is your wages, maybe a bonus or holiday gift, an inheritance, maybe you sold an asset. Importantly, snow falls as interest. If you’re not actively saving, new snowfall is not going to stick. It’s going to melt and run straight out of your account.
We see in real life that fresh snow sticks a lot more when there’s already snow on the ground. I’m going to give a shoutout here to my friend Kim in Wisconsin who will soon be shoveling her driveway every day. You start with a thin layer, and as more snow falls, it builds up, and this is very like compounding. Gradually, your snow pile of savings compounds, and the bigger it gets, the more interest sticks to your money. As you watch it grow, you may be less tempted to melt the whole lot on an impulse purchase.
I’d love to know what you think of this analogy, Sean? This winter, if you are able to leave just a little savings in your account after the holidays, think of it like leaving a thin layer of snow on the ground ready for 2024’s snowfall to stick to. Don’t forget the Nerds can help you understand more about saving and investing. To discover how different financial products could work for you, just head to the personal finance section on NerdWallet.com.
Sara Rathner:
Well, that was lovely and spoken like a true spokesperson.
Sean Pyles:
Gotta love the plug. She does that for a living. I also really like this idea of snow as a metaphor for saving and compounding. Not only is it accurate, it’s also very soothing.
Sara Rathner:
Well, I’m closing my eyes here in Virginia, waiting for maybe a snowfall this year that, within minutes, will turn all black and sooty, if we even get snow at all because last year we didn’t.
Sean Pyles:
I’m hoping we get at least a little bit here in the Pacific Northwest. And also, shoutout to Kim in Wisconsin.
All right, and that’s a wrap on our year-end special series for 2023, but never fear, we’ll be back next year. In the meantime, if you have a money question of your own, turn to the Nerds and call or text us your questions at 901-730-6373. That’s 901-730 N-E-R-D. You can also email us at [email protected]. Visit nerdwallet.com/podcast for more info on this episode, and remember to follow, rate and review us wherever you’re getting this podcast.
Sara Rathner:
This episode was produced by Tess Vigeland. Sean helps with editing. Kaely Monahan mixed our audio, and a big thank you to NerdWallet editors for all of their help.
Sean Pyles:
Here’s our brief disclaimer. We are not financial or investment advisors. This Nerdy info is provided for general educational and entertainment purposes and may not apply to your specific circumstances.
Sara Rathner:
With that said, until next time, turn to the Nerds, and Happy New Year.
The Rule of 72 is a shortcut equation to help you figure out just how long it will take to double an investment at a given rate of return. Best of all, the math is easy to do without the help of a calculator.
In short, the Rule of 72 can help investors determine whether an investment may have a place in their overall investment strategy, and how to proceed.
What Is the Rule of 72?
As noted, the Rule of 72 helps investors understand how different types of investments might figure into their investment plans. The basic formula for the rule is:
Number of years to double an investment = 72 / Interest rate.
In the case of investing, the interest rate is the rate of return on an investment. For example, an investor has $10,000 to invest in an investment that offers a 6% rate of return. That investment would double in 72 / 6 = 12 years. Twelve years after making an initial investment, the investor would have $20,000.
Notice that when making this calculation, investors divide by six, not 6% or 0.06. Dividing by 0.06 would indicate 1,200 years to double the investment, an outlandishly long time.
This shorthand allows investors to quickly compare investments and understand whether their rate of return will help them meet their financial goals within a desired time horizon.
Who Came Up with the Rule of 72?
The Rule of 72 is not new, in fact, it dates back to the late 1400s, when it was referenced in a mathematics book by Luca Pacioli. The Rule itself, though, could date even further back. Albert Einstein is often credited with its invention, however. 💡 Quick Tip: Look for an online brokerage with low trading commissions as well as no account minimum. Higher fees can cut into investment returns over time.
The Formula and Calculation of the Rule of 72
The Rule of 72 is a shortened version of a logarithmic equation that involves complex functions you would need a scientific calculator to calculate. That formula looks like this:
T = ln(2) / ln(1 + r / 100)
In this equation, T equals time to double, ln is the natural log function, and r is the compounded interest rate.
This calculation is too complicated for the average investor to perform on the fly, and it turns out 72 divided by r is a close approximation that works especially well for lower rates of return. The higher the rate of return — as the rate nears 100% — the less accurate the Rule of 72 gets.
Example of the Rule of 72 Calculation
For a relatively simple equation, the Rule of 72 can help investors figure out a lot of helpful information. For one, it can help them compare different types of investments that offer different rates of returns.
For example, an investor has $25,000 to invest and plans to retire in 20 years. In order to meet a certain retirement goal, that investor needs to at least double their money to $50,000 in that time period.
The same investor is presented with two investment options: One offers a 3% return and one offers a 4% return. The investor can quickly see that at 3% the investment will double in 72 / 3 = 24 years, four years past their retirement date. The investment with a 4% return will double their money in 72 / 4 = 18 years, giving them two years of leeway before they retire.
The investor can see that when choosing between the two options, choosing the 4% rate of return will help them reach their financial goals, while the 3% return will leave them short.
Applying the Rule of 72 in Investment Planning
There are numerous instances in which the Rule of 72 can be applied to investment planning. But it’s also important to understand a bit about how simple and compound interest differ, and come into play when using the Rule to make projections.
Remember, there are two types of interest rates: simple interest and compound interest.
Simple interest is calculated using only the principal or starting amount. For example, an individual opens an account with $1,000 and a 1% simple interest rate. At the end of the year, they will have $1,010 in their bank account. But they’ll only earn 1% each year on their principal, aka that initial $1,000.
So even over a longer time period, the individual isn’t earning very much—after 10 years, for example, they will have accumulated a total of $1,100.
Simple interest may be even easier to conceptualize as a savings account from which an individual withdraws the interest each year.
In the example above the individual would withdraw $10 at the end of the year and start again with $1,000 the next year. Every year after that, they would start over with the same principal and earn the same amount in interest.
Compound interest, on the other hand, can help investments grow exponentially. That’s because it incorporates the interest earned on an investment in addition to the initial investment. In other words, an investor earns a return on their returns.
To get an idea of the power of compound interest it might help to explore a compound interest calculator, which allows users to input principal, interest rate, and compounding period.
For example, an individual invests that same $1,000 at a 6% interest rate for 30 years with interest compounding annually. At the end of the investment period, they will have made more than $5,700 without making any additional investments.
That fact is important to consider when conceptualizing the Rule of 72, because compound interest plays a big role in helping an investment double in value within a given time frame. It can help achieve high reward with relatively little effort.
Practical Uses in Financial Projections
Higher returns are often correlated with higher risk. So this rule can help investors gauge whether their risk tolerance — or their return on investment — is high enough to get them to their goal. Depending on what their time horizon is, investors can easily see whether they need to bump up their risk tolerance and choose investments that offer higher returns.
By the same token, this rule can help investors understand if their time horizon is long enough at a certain rate of return. For example, the investor in the above example is already invested in the instrument that offers 3%.
The Rule of 72 can illustrate that they may need to rethink their timeline for when they will retire, pushing it past 20 years. Alternatively, they could sell their current investments and buy a new investment that offers a higher rate of return.
It’s also important to understand that the Rule of 72 does not take into account additional savings that may be made to the principal investment. So if it becomes clear that the goal won’t be met at the current savings rate, an investor will be able to consider how much extra money to set aside to help reach the goal.
Estimating Investment Doubling Times
Using the Rule of 72 to estimate investment doubling times can be a little tricky, and perhaps inaccurate, unless an investor has a clear idea of what the expected rate of return for an investment will be. For instance, it may be very difficult to get an idea of an expected return for a particularly volatile stock. As such, investors may want to proceed with caution when using it to calculate investment doubling times.
Application in Stock Market Investments
As mentioned, stock market investments can be difficult to predict. But some are more predictable than others. For example, investors can probably use the historic rate of return for the S&P 500 to try and get a sense of an expected return for the market at large – which can help when applying the Rule of 72 to index funds or other broad investments.
For example, if a 401(k) plan includes investments that offer a 6% return, the investment will double in 12 years. Again, that’s an estimate, but it gives investors a ballpark figure to work with.
Use During Periods of Inflation
Money loses value during bouts of inflation, which means that the Rule of 72 can be used to determine how long it’ll take a dollar’s value to fall by half – the opposite of doubling in value. 💡 Quick Tip: Investment fees are assessed in different ways, including trading costs, account management fees, and possibly broker commissions. When you set up an investment account, be sure to get the exact breakdown of your “all-in costs” so you know what you’re paying.
Accuracy and Limitations of the Rule of 72
The Rule of 72 has its place in the investing lexicon, but there are some things about its accuracy and overall limitations to take into consideration.
Is the Rule of 72 Accurate?
Perhaps the most important thing to keep in mind about the Rule of 72’s accuracy is that it’s a derivation of a larger, more complex operation, and therefore, is something of an estimate. It’s not perfectly accurate, but will get you more of a “ballpark” figure that can help you make investing decisions.
Situations Where the Rule is Most Accurate
The Rule of 72 is only an approximation and depending on what you’re trying to understand there are a few variations of the rule that can make the approximation more accurate.
The rule of 72 is most accurate at 8%, and beyond that at a range between 6% and 10%. You can, however, adjust the rule to make it more accurate outside the 6% to 10% window.
The general rule to make the calculation more accurate is to adjust the rule by one for every three points the interest rate differs from 8% in either direction. So, for an interest rate of 11%, individuals should adjust from 72 to 73. In the other direction, if the interest rate is 5%, individuals should adjust 72 to 71.
Comparisons and Variations on the Rule
There are a few alternatives or variations of the Rule of 72, too, such as the Rule of 73, Rule of 69.3, and Rule of 69.
Rule of 72 vs. Rule of 73
The basic difference between the Rule of 72 and the Rule of 73 is that it’s used to estimate the time it takes for an investment’s value to double if the rate of return is above 10%. The Rule of 73 is only a slight tweak to the rule of 72, using different figures in the calculation.
Rules of 72, 69.3, and 69
Similarly to the Rule of 73, some people prefer to use the Rule of 69.3, especially when interest compounds daily, to get a more accurate result. That number is derived from the complete equation ln(2) / ln(1 + r / 100). When plugged into a calculator by itself, ln(2) results in a number that’s approximately 0.693147.
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FAQ
What are flaws of the Rule of 72>
There are a few key drawbacks to using the Rule of 72, including the fact that it’s mostly accurate only for a certain subset of investments, it’s only an estimation, and that unforeseen factors can cause the rate of return for an investment to change, rendering it useless.
Does the Rule of 72 apply to debt?
Yes, the Rule of 72 can apply to debt, and it can be used to calculate an estimate of how long it would take a debt balance to double if it’s not paid down or off.
Who created the Rule of 72?
Albert Einstein often gets credit, but Italian mathematician Luca Pacioli most likely invented, or introduced the Rule of 72 to the popular world in the late 1400s.
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In the past, investing was thought of as something only wealthy people did. And unfortunately, many people used this as an excuse to put off saving for retirement, saying they would do it when they earned more money.
But if you wait to start investing, you lose out on the benefits of compound interest and shortchange your retirement savings. So, it’s best to get started as soon as possible, even if you only have a bit of money to tuck away every month.
One of the easiest ways to invest money is by using micro-investment apps. This article will explain what micro-investing is, how it works, and six micro-investing apps we recommend trying out.
10 Best Micro Investing Apps
Micro-investing apps make it easy to get started with small amounts of money and learn the basics of investing. We’ve compiled a list of the best micro-investing apps on the market today. Whether you’re a beginner or a seasoned investor, you’re sure to find an app that fits your needs and investment goals.
1. Robinhood
Account minimum
Margin accounts, ETF’s, crypto
Great for beginners!
Robinhood aims to make investing accessible to everyone, which is evident in the fact that the company doesn’t charge any commission or management fees.
In addition, there’s no charge to open a brokerage account, and bank transfers are free as well.
The app is designed for beginners, so there is no confusing terminology, and the interface is easy to use.
Unlike other micro-investing apps, Robinhood lets you trade full stocks and cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin. However, it doesn’t offer mutual funds and bonds.
Check out our in-depth review of Robinhood.
2. Axos Invest (Formerly WiseBanyan)
Account minimum
New investors
or goal-based investing
You can get started with Axos Invest (formerly known as WiseBanyan) for just $1. The company doesn’t charge any trading fees for the most basic version. But if you upgrade to one of the premium versions, the company does charge fees.
Axos Invest focuses on goal-based investing, so once you sign up, you’ll be prompted to create your first “Milestone.”
Then, you’ll enter how much you want to save and by what date. From there, Axos Invest recommends how much you should save to reach your goal.
3. SoFi Invest
Account minimum
$0 for Automated Investing
$1 for Active Investing
Active and Hands-Off Investors
SoFi is a well known brand in the personal finance space, and their investing app is another high quality product.
This investment service provides users with the ability to either trade actively or opt for automated trading tools to take care of your account.
SoFi is geared towards trading in fractional shares, which they refer to as “stock bits”. This means the app is a solid choice for those wanting to invest their spare change.
You can also tap into savings accounts or make larger deposits to add more to your investment accounts.
4. Plynk
Account minimum
$2 per month
New investors
Plynk is designed to guide your learning while you begin to invest. The Plynk app offers investors access to a selection of stocks, ETFs, mutual funds and four cryptocurrencies. And you can start investing with just $1.
One of the best things about Plynk’s platform is the straightforward, easy-to-understand language. You won’t find technical jargon or complex charts and tables.
The Plynk app also allows investors to easily set up dollar-cost averaging, which is an ideal investing technique for many new and experienced investors.
5. Webull
Account minimum
Active traders and investors
Webull is a stock trading app offering free stock trading as well as free trades on ETFs, options and cryptocurrencies.
Webull also allows users to trade fractional shares, making it a great choice for micro investing.
Webull provides users with plenty of powerful tools to assist with in-depth trading analysis, making it a solid option for active and experienced traders. Plus, setting up a Webull account is free and there are no account minimums to worry about.
6. Stash
Account minimum
$1 per month
New investors
or tax-advantaged retirement accounts
Stash is another hands-off micro-investing app designed for beginner investors. After you sign up, Stash will ask you a series of questions to determine your tolerance for investment risks. You will be labeled as a conservative, moderate, or aggressive investor.
One of the unique things about Stash is that you can choose the types of companies you want to invest in. So if there is a particular cause or type of company that you’re interested in, you can set that in your investing preferences.
After you’ve chosen the types of companies you’d like to invest in, you’ll set up your “Auto-Stash.” You choose how much you want to invest and how often.
7. Public
Account minimum
(1-2% markup on crypto)
Young investors
Public.com is a blend of both investment and social media platforms. It’s designed for younger and socially oriented investors who would like to own fractional shares of stocks and ETFs.
You can share ideas within a community of like-minded investors. You might think of it as a kind of investing social network.
The aim of Public.com is to create an inclusive and educational community focused on stock market trading and investment.
For young investors who wish to align their social and investing preferences, as well as learn from other investors, Public.com is a great option.
8. Betterment
Account minimum
Low balance investors
Goal-based investing
If you’re looking for something a little more hands-on, then Betterment might be a suitable option for you. Betterment gives you the option to work with a financial advisor who can make investing recommendations.
There are two different plans to choose from, and the most basic plan doesn’t require any upfront balance to get started.
Betterment is a great option for anyone who wants an easy investing option while still maintaining a bit of control over their investment portfolio.
9. M1 Finance
Account minimum
Experienced Investors
M1 Finance might be the best micro investing app for more experienced investors. It is ideal for those looking for customized investment portfolios with some automated options, as well as those looking to set up commission free retirement accounts.
Purchasing fractional shares, setting up recurring deposits and extensive portfolio management options is easy with M1 Finance’s quality app. M1 Finance aims to be a singular personal finance app for building wealth and establishing a diversified portfolio.
Above all, M1 Finance makes investing easy. Simply deposit your funds, set your stock and index selections and use their automated service for commission free trading.
M1 Finance will also automatically rebalance your portfolio in accordance with your stated asset targets, to improve the overall performance of individual stocks.
10. Acorns
Account minimum
$1 per month
Hands-off investors
(e.g., College Students)
If you want a hands-off approach to investing, Acorns will be your best bet. After you sign up, you’ll connect your credit card or debit card to Acorns.
Then, whenever you make a purchase, Acorn rounds it up to the nearest dollar and deposits that “spare change” into your investment account.
For instance, if you make a purchase of $9.67, Acorns will save the additional 33 cents for you. Once your Acorns account reaches $5, the company will invest the money for you.
Acorns also gives you access to a robo-advisor, IRAs, and even a checking account.
What is micro-investing?
According to one survey, more than 47% of Americans are not saving for retirement. When pressed about their decision not to invest, over 34% said they don’t have enough money to invest.
The basic premise behind micro-investing is that you only need a few dollars to start investing. When you use a micro-investing app, you invest in very small increments by buying fractional shares.
With a micro-investing app, you can invest as little as $5. And with micro-investing, you don’t have to know anything about the stock market. The money you save is put in a portfolio of stocks that the company creates for you.
Is micro-investing even worth it?
Micro-investing will not get you rich, and it’s not going to help you fund your retirement goals. For that reason, it’s easy to write micro-investment apps off as not being worth your time.
But every day you put off investing is one less day that your money can grow in the market. So, you can wait until you feel like you have “enough money,” or you can work with what you have today.
Here are just a few benefits of using a micro-investing app:
Invest with very little money: Micro-investing platforms allow you to invest, even if you only have $5 to spare. So if you can skip your morning latte, then you have enough money to give micro-investing a try.
Save it and forget about it: It’s hard to set aside money in a savings account. You know it’s there, and it’s easy to access and spend. With a micro-investing app, it’s easy to save your money and forget about it.
Build positive habits over time: Anytime you’re trying to build a new habit, it’s best to start small. Micro investing allows you to ease into investing, and you can start saving more money when you’re ready.
See also: How to Invest: A Basic Guide to Making Your Money Grow
Pros and Cons of Micro-Investing Apps
While it’s true that micro-investing provides many benefits, they’re not necessarily the right choice for everyone. It’s worthwhile taking the time to understand the all nuances before committing financially.
Pros
24/7 Access
Using a micro investing app allows you full access to your investment account around-the-clock. You won’t ever have to worry about opening hours or holidays getting in the way of your ability to monitor and manage your funds.
Easy Fractional Investment
Traditional investment in stocks and ETFs requires large amounts of funding, but micro investment means you purchase fractional shares quickly and easily. This means you can begin your investment portfolio with your spare change, rather than hundreds or thousands of dollars.
Low Account Minimums
Another factor which makes micro investment apps attractive are the low account minimums. Most micro-investing apps have $0 minimum balance requirements, so you can begin investing with as little as you wish.
Safety
As with traditional investment accounts, legitimate micro-investing platforms will be registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. On top of that, all savings and checking accounts with micro investing companies are FDIC insured.
Cons
Fees Can Be High
Account fees can vary, so it’s important to watch out for this. Don’t assume that an account with low minimums will also have low fees. If you’re only investing small amounts, paying high fees might not seem like a good deal in the long term.
Limited Investment Choice
Most micro investment apps won’t allow you to handpick the stocks inside your portfolio. While you will have choice regarding which set portfolios you invest in, you’re less likely to be able to pick and choose specific stocks.
Won’t Change Your Retirement Plans
One thing to keep in mind is that using a micro investment app won’t do much to affect your retirement on its own. It’s more about learning good investment habits, and getting familiar with maintaining and growing a portfolio.
Features of the Best Micro-Investing Apps
So, how do you decide which micro investing app is the right one for you? We’ve compiled a list of the most important features below to help you know what to look for. The best micro investment apps will have the following qualities:
Ease of Use
Fundamentally, the best micro investment apps will be easy and intuitive to use. They are often free of the usual clutter and jargon of some traditional brokerage accounts. With simple, easy to navigate interfaces these apps should provide an enjoyable user experience for all.
Low Minimum Investments
Good investing apps should allow you to access the market with just a few dollars. This is possible because they’re designed to allow you to purchase fractional shares of ETFs and other assets. Not all investing apps will come with a low minimum investment, however, so be sure to check if you’re a low budget investor.
Diversified Investment
The best investing apps will provide users with the chance to invest in diverse portfolios which are automatically generated. Asset allocation and diversification can be challenging even for experienced investors, so this is a great feature of these apps.
When you’re starting out as an investor, the sooner you can learn about diversification the better. And these apps should make it relatively easy for you to both practice and learn about asset diversity.
Educational Tools
As most micro investing apps will be marketed to newcomers, education is an important factor. If you’re just starting out with investing, then the best micro investment app for you will likely provide a wealth of educational resources and advice.
Keep in mind, however, that most micro-investing apps won’t offer access to a professional financial advisor.
Recurring Transfers
The best investing apps allow you to easily set up automatic transfers from your bank account to fund your investment account. A recurring transfer can remove some of the human error involved in managing your account and allow you to quickly build up a habit of funding your account.
Additional Services
While some apps are minimalist and simple, others come with the option of additional financial services. In addition to brokerage accounts, some offer access to a savings or checking account, as well as IRA and custodian accounts. Depending on your own financial goals, an app with additional services might be worth the extra fees.
Final Thoughts
Micro-investing apps make it simple for anyone, even those with just $5 to spare, to begin investing in the stock market. The apps we’ve covered in this article provide a great starting point.
While micro-investing might not cover all your retirement needs, it’s a smart way to begin saving, especially if your budget is tight. The crucial thing is to start investing and gradually increase your contributions over time. This way, you’re setting yourself up for a better financial future.
Frequently Asked Questions
Which micro investing app has the lowest fees?
Among the micro-investing apps listed, Robinhood, Axos Invest, SoFi Invest, Webull, Public, and M1 Finance all offer commission-free trading, which means they do not charge fees for buying or selling stocks and ETFs. So, you can consider any of these apps if you’re looking for a platform with low fees for micro-investing.
Which app is best for small investments?
Choosing the best app depends on your own budget, needs and goals. The market for micro investment apps has grown rapidly, and there are a lot of different options out there.
The list we’ve compiled in this article are our top picks, and are among the best micro investing apps available. These apps make it easy and convenient to begin investing. They also provide various unique features, low fees, good customer support and educational resources.
Who should use micro investing apps?
Micro investing apps are a fantastic way to begin investing small amounts while you learn the ins and outs. But who will benefit the most from using these apps?
Beginner investors: These apps are perfect for young investors and newcomers because you only need a small amount of money to start.
Passive investors: Most of them are actually robo-advisors which invest on your behalf based on your needs and budget. This automated investing allows you to establish a diversified portfolio based on your goals that you can simply set up and forget about, letting it work away in the background.
Emotional investors: Automated investing means you can’t make rash emotional decisions based on market swings. Instead of constantly worrying about market performance, you just invest small amounts and build your portfolio slowly over time.
Can you get rich from micro investing?
Micro investing is primarily a strategy for saving and building wealth gradually over time. While it’s a valuable tool for starting your investment journey with small amounts of money, it’s important to have realistic expectations. It’s unlikely to lead to rapid wealth accumulation or “getting rich” in a short period.
How do I start micro investing?
Investing today is more accessible than ever before. Nevertheless, it still seems an intimidating world for those who have no experience or education. If you don’t know where to start, you can follow these steps to begin investing with confidence:
1. Decide Between DIY or Automated Investing
If you’re not yet comfortable choosing your own investments, and managing your own portfolio, you’ll want to start with robo-advisor investing. It’s totally normal for beginners to feel uncomfortable choosing stock to invest in, and automated investing is the safer option in any case.
2. Identify Your Investment Goals
This is often the hardest step for new investors, but it’s one of the most important. Figuring out your short and long term financial goals will help bring purpose and structure to your investment decisions.
Generally speaking, investing is successful when considered a long term project. You’re much more likely to find success with investments by holding stock long term, rather than trying to figure out when the best time to buy or sell is.
3. Determine Your Monthly Investment
The traditional advice is to save and invest 20% of your monthly income. With the rise of micro investing, however, you don’t even need to invest much to begin with.
It’s important to pick an amount you can reasonably commit to. Of course, you can always change your automatic investment amount, or just add on extra when necessary, but it’s always better to set it and forget it. Even if it’s a small amount, consistency and time and the key ingredients to good investing.
4. Choose an Account That Fits Your Goals
Once you’ve got your budget and goals determined, it’s time to choose a platform to begin investing with.
Keep in mind that you can always switch the platform you use for micro investing, use more than one, or even open a brokerage account. Just make sure to take all fees into account before you sign up and get committed.
Are there any limitations on the types of investments I can make with these apps?
Micro-investing apps typically focus on stocks, ETFs, and sometimes cryptocurrencies. While they offer a wide range of investment options within these categories, they may not provide access to more complex financial instruments like options, futures, or mutual funds.
Let’s chat about the stock market. Specifically, let’s think about average investors like me and you. And let’s ask: how much money do we need to invest to become a millionaire?
First, we need to set some ground rules. It’d be easy to say, “If you invested in Apple stock in 2002, you could have 1000x‘d your money…boom, you’re a millionaire.”
But that’s not how reality pans out. In fact, we need to apply logical rules to our investing framework. The rules that I espouse on The Best Interest (and that matter for today’s article) include…
Dollar-cost averaging. It’s too hard to determine when the market is overvalued or undervalued. Instead, the long-term investor should commit to a consistent investing schedule (e.g. $300 every month, or 10% of every paycheck, or $10,000 yearly). In fact, waiting to “buy the dip” is demonstrably dumb.
Investing (in stocks) for decades. Simply put, stocks are not a short-term investment. They’re decades-plus. The data shows why.
Diversifying, a.k.a. buying the whole market. History proves how challenging it is to find the “needle in the haystack” in the stock market. This article dives into further detail.
Buy-and-Hold’ing. We don’t sell our investments when the headlines get scary. We hold. The past month has provided a terrific real-life example of why that is, as did the transition from 2022 to 2023.
We reinvest our dividends. This rule is a bit in the weeds but a complete no-brainer.
Make sense? Let’s now put these rules to work. I went back to 1950 and grabbed all the S&P 500 data (which will act as our proxy for “the stock market”) through today.
Then I asked, “If an investor followed our rules, how much would they have needed to save and invest to become a millionaire?”
***Important note: I’m also inflation-adjusting all this data to 2023 values. Being a millionaire in 1950 was drastically different than being a millionaire today. Hence, everything you see below is adjusted to modern terms to make our understanding easier.
We know compound interest is a powerful tool, so we expect millionaire status to get progressively easier over longer investing periods. But we also know the market can be volatile. Two 20-year periods can provide drastically different investment returns.
So let’s compare 10-year periods against 20-, 30-, and 40-year periods. And we’ll look at all 10-year periods from 1950 to today (same for 20-, 30-, and 40-year periods) to show how much variability/volatility exists.
The Data: Becoming a Millionaire in the Stock Market
This chart shows every 10-year period from 1950 to today.
We label each period by its first year; the X-axis shows that.
We then look at the stock market returns for each period to ask, “What annual investment would have gotten us to $1 million over this period?” The Y-axis shows that dollar amount.
e.g. the left-most bar represents the period from 1950 to 1959. Over that period, a $42,463 annual investment would have grown to a $1M portfolio.
For these 10-year periods, the average investor (the dotted red line) needed to invest $71,595 yearly to reach $1 million.
But the data that sticks out to me is the number of periods with a required investment above $100,000 annually. The 1965 and 1999 starting years are prime examples.
This is a glaring problem! If you’re investing ~$150,000 for 10 years (for a $1.5M total investment) and only end up with $1 million, you lost significant capital. Not good.
My takeaway: even over 10 years, the stock market can be volatile. We need to zoom out further. Let’s look at the 20-year data.
The average investor (in red) must commit $27,203 annually to become a millionaire. For those keeping track, that’s a $544,069 outlay over 20 years that grows into $1,000,000.
This data shows a few periods at or above the $50,000-per-year mark ($50K times 20 years = $1M). In other words, these periods showed near-zero, outright zero, or negative returns over 20 years. Examples include the period starting 1955, ’58-’60, ’62
But most periods provided legitimate, absolute returns. That’s great.
But can the average person save $27,203 per year? Then repeat that for 20 years? And this begs a bigger question that we won’t chase down today: is $1M the right goal in the first place. This is good food for thought.
Let’s move on to the 30-year chart.
The average investor (in red) must commit $11,347 annually to become a millionaire. That’s a $340,432 outlay over 30 years that grows into $1,000,000.
None of these periods flirt with zero or negative returns. The “worst” period was 1952 – 1981, which required a ~$23K annual investment (or ~$695K total) to grow into $1M.
And finally, the 40-year data…
The average investor (in red) must commit $4725 annually to become a millionaire. That’s a $189K outlay over 40 years that grows into $1,000,000.
Again, none of these periods flirt with zero or negative returns. The “worst” period was 1969 – 2008, which required a $7500 annual investment (or $299K total) to grow into $1M.
The Power of Long-Term Investing
The 30-year and 40-year charts are particularly encouraging if you break them down into monthly terms.
$1000 per month is powerful.
For most 30-year periods, $1000-per-month made you a millionaire.
For all but three 40-year periods, $1000-per-month made you a multi-millionaire.
“But $1000 per month is a lot!”
I hear you. But between 401(k) contributions, employer matching, IRA contributions, after-tax investing, etc…$1000 per month is a reasonable goal.
If you’re in your 20s or 30s, set your baseline investing goal at $1000 per month. You’ll be setting yourself up for terrific long-term success.
What If You Don’t Have 3+ Decades?
If you’re reading this at age 50, you might not have 3 or 4 decades to wait for the stock market’s compound magic. What to do?
Let’s consult our trusty bucket method. Think about your current assets and savings based on when you’ll need them in the future…
The money you need in your 50s –> Avoid the stock market. Too risky.
The money you’ll need from age 60-65 –> you can introduce some stocks, but as we’ve seen today, positive returns aren’t guaranteed.
The money you’ll need from age 66-70 –> stocks arebecoming increasingly enticing…
The money you’ll need from age 70+ –> 100% stocks is reasonable.
In summary, a fair portion of this 50-year-old’s assets should not be exposed to the stock market. Bonds, for example, are more appropriate.
Despite that, some of their money still has a 20-30+ year timeline. That money should be exposed to a risk asset like stocks.
Financial planning provides the backbone for these types of allocation decisions.
Just Start…
My investing journey started at age 22 with my first employer’s 401(k). Unsure what I was doing, I decided to learn.
11 years later, here I am.
There’s no guarantee the stock market will make me a millionaire. But history is on my side, and I’m controlling what I can (e.g. my monthly savings rate) to make it happen.
I encourage you to do the same.
Thank you for reading! If you enjoyed this article, join 7000+ subscribers who read my 2-minute weekly email, where I send you links to the smartest financial content I find online every week.
-Jesse
Want to learn more about The Best Interest’s back story? Read here.
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The average American has less than $90,000 in retirement savings, as of mid-2023. That’s far below what many people will likely need, and many Americans aren’t really sure what sorts of goalposts or milestones they should be striving for by certain ages when it comes to saving for retirement.
It can be helpful to see how one compares to others in their age range. Averages can help investors see if they are on track to retire when they plan to. While each person is different in terms of their personal retirement goals, lifestyle, ability to save, and projected expenses, setting goals and benchmarks can help an individual figure out how much to save and where to put money for retirement.
Key Points
• The average American has less than $90,000 in retirement savings, which is less than what many people will likely need.
• Retirement savings vary by age group, with average savings increasing as people get older.
• By age 30, it’s generally recommended to save an amount equal to annual salary, and by age 40, three to four times annual salary.
• By age 50, it’s advised to have six times annual salary saved, and by age 60, eight times.
• Most Americans aren’t saving enough for retirement, and it’s important to create a retirement plan and consider personal goals and financial responsibilities.
Average Retirement Savings By Age
Below is a breakdown of retirement savings by age group, ranging from people in their 20s to people in their 70s.
Age Group
Average Retirement Savings
20s
$35,800
30s
$67,400
40s
$77,400
50s
$110,900
60s
$112,500
70s
$113,900
Average Retirement Savings in Your 30s: $67,400
Most Americans in their 20s and 30s haven’t reached their peak earning years, and many might be paying off student loans, and saving up to buy a house or have kids. Retirement isn’t always top of mind. But the earlier people can figure out which retirement plan is right for you and commit to actually starting a retirement savings plan, the more they will benefit from compound interest over time.
Recommended: How to Save for Retirement at 30
Average Retirement Savings in Your 40s: $77,400
Since most people are making more money at this age than they ever have, it can be tempting to spend it on fancy vacations, cars, and other things. Many people also have mortgages, families, and other big-ticket expenses during this time in their lives as well.
But those who put that money towards retirement may be able to reach their goals early and retire relatively young.
For men, these are peak earning years, as they tend to continue increasing their earnings until age 55. Women tend to reach their peak earnings much younger at age 44. Either way, retirement savings should be top of mind for people in this age group.
Average Retirement Savings in Your 50s: $110,900
At this age, some Americans are on track to reach their retirement goals, while others are far off. There are still ways to catch up, such as cutting unnecessary expenses, moving to a smaller home, or putting any additional pay, income, or bonuses into retirement accounts.
Average Retirement Savings in Your 60s: $112,500
Although the goal for many is to retire at around 60, many Americans have to keep working since they don’t have enough savings. In some cases, people plan on working at this stage of life anyway, so it’s not a bad thing. A lot of people work during retirement, although some do so out of necessity.
Ideally, working in later years of life is a choice and not a necessity. After this age, people tend to be spending rather than saving, so the average retirement savings amounts decline.
Retirement contributions tend to increase as people age partly because they are earning more and partly because they are thinking about retirement more.
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Ideal Retirement Savings Amounts by Age
Because the cost and standard of living varies so greatly, there aren’t clear dollar figure amounts that each age group should aim to have saved for retirement. But there are suggested guidelines.
• By age 30: It’s generally recommended that people save an amount equal to their annual salary by the time they reach age 30. That may not be a realistic goal for many people, but it can be a general guideline or goal to aspire to.
One way to achieve this is to save 10-15% of one’s gross income starting in their 20s. Some employers will match retirement contributions if employees save a certain amount each month, so it’s a good idea to contribute at least that much to take advantage of what is essentially free money.
• By age 40: It’s recommended that investors have three to four times their annual salary saved by age 40.
• By age 50: Investors are typically advised to have six times their salary saved by age 50.
• By age 60: It’s recommended that investors have eight times their salary saved by age 60.
• By age 67: Investors are typically advised to have ten times their salary saved by age 67. For example, if a 67 year old makes $75,000 per year, they should have $750,000 saved.
Is Anyone Saving Enough for Retirement?
Despite the above recommendations, most Americans don’t have nearly these amounts in their retirement accounts. A significant portion of Americans don’t have any retirement savings at all — and that includes Americans who are near retirement age.
So, while some people are saving enough for retirement, a lot of people aren’t. Social Security may not be enough for a lot of people to make ends meet, either.
Social Security and Your Retirement
It’s more important than ever to create a retirement plan and stick to it, because America is facing a retirement crisis. Social Security was designed to help people pay their expenses during retirement, but it currently pays less than half of the average retiree’s monthly expenses. As of mid-2023, the average Social Security payment is around $1,800 per month.
Best Ways to Save for Retirement
It can be stressful to feel behind on saving for retirement, but it’s never too late to start.
There are several ways to save for retirement — but a good place to start, if you haven’t already, is by creating a budget to track expenses. This allows you to see where your money is going and identify categories of spending that could be reduced, with the money redirected to a retirement savings account.
Some retirement plans also have catch up options for those who start late — typically, individuals older than 50 can contribute extra funds to their retirement accounts.
No matter how much you put aside for retirement, or whether you contribute to a traditional IRA or a Roth IRA, a 401(k) or an after-tax investment account, a good strategy is to automate savings. With automated savings, the money is deducted from your paycheck or your bank account automatically — making it easy to forget that the money was ever in the account in the first place.
The Takeaway
The average American has less than $90,000 in retirement savings, though the number varies depending on age groups and other factors. Knowing how much others in your age group are saving for retirement can help give you a sense of comparison, but it’s important to remember that most Americans aren’t saving enough.
There are a number of different formulas, calculations, and rules of thumb to help individuals figure out how much money they’ll need in retirement. While these figures can be helpful, it’s also important to take personal goals, financial responsibilities, and lifestyle into consideration.
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