A Roth IRA can be used to pay for college expenses, and it is possible to do so without incurring taxes or penalties. However, there are disadvantages of using a Roth IRA for college, and it’s important to weigh the pros and cons.
A Roth IRA is designed to help individuals save for retirement. While you can also use a Roth IRA for college expenses, you’ll want to understand the potential ramifications.
Here’s what you need to know about using a Roth IRA for college, plus other college savings options, to help make the best decision for your situation.
Can You Use a Roth IRA for College?
You can use a Roth IRA to help pay for college. However, as mentioned, a Roth IRA is primarily a vehicle for saving for retirement. You contribute after-tax dollars to the account (meaning you pay taxes on the contributions in the year you make them), and the money in the Roth IRA grows tax-free. You can generally withdraw the funds tax-free starting at age 59 ½. However, if you withdraw the money early, you may be subject to a 10% penalty.
But there are some ways to make early withdrawals from your Roth IRA to help pay for college without being penalized. Because you contribute to a Roth IRA with after-tax dollars, you can withdraw the contributions (but not the earnings) you’ve made to a Roth at any time without paying a penalty. You could then use those contributions to help pay for college.
Just be aware that there are annual contribution limits to a Roth IRA. In tax year 2023, you can contribute up to $6,500 (or $7,500 if you’re 50 or older), and in 2024 you can contribute up to $7,000 ($8,000 for those 50 or older). How much you’ve contributed will affect how much you have in contributions to withdraw, of course.
Another way to use a Roth IRA to pay for college without being penalized is by taking advantage of one of the Roth IRA exceptions that allow you to withdraw money from your account early. One of the exceptions is for qualified higher education expenses.
💡 Quick Tip: Did you know that you must choose the investments in your IRA? Once you open a new IRA and start saving, you get to decide which mutual funds, ETFs, or other investments you want — it’s totally up to you.
Do You Have To Pay Penalties if You Use a Roth IRA for College?
Typically, if you take out money from your Roth IRA before age 59 ½ , you will be subject to taxes and penalties. However, IRA withdrawal rules grant a few exceptions to this rule, and one of the exceptions is for qualified higher education expenses.
If you pay qualifying higher education expenses to a qualified higher education institution for your child, yourself, your spouse, or your grandchildren, you won’t have to pay the 10% penalty for withdrawing funds from a Roth IRA. Qualified higher education expenses include things like tuition, fees, books and supplies. However, you will still have to pay taxes on any earnings you withdraw from your Roth IRA.
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Pros and Cons of Using a Roth IRA for College
Whether using a Roth IRA for college is right for you depends on your particular situation. Here are the pros and cons you’ll want to consider.
Pros of Tapping Into a Roth IRA for College
Advantages of using a Roth IRA for college expenses include:
• You might not have to borrow as much money to pay for college. Using a Roth IRA for college expenses may reduce the need for student loans. And for some students, using money from a Roth IRA might make the difference between being able to afford to attend college or not.
• You won’t be penalized for withdrawing the money. Because of the exception for qualified higher education expenses, you can take out the money to pay for those expenses without having to pay the 10% penalty.
• If you withdraw just your contributions, you won’t owe taxes on that money.
Cons of Tapping Into a Roth IRA for College
These are the drawbacks of using a Roth IRA to pay for college:
• Your retirement savings will take a hit. This is the biggest disadvantage of using the money in a Roth IRA for college. While there are other ways to help cover the cost of college, there are generally fewer options to help you save for retirement if you spend your Roth IRA funds on college expenses.
• Because of possible compounding returns, even a few thousand dollars withdrawn from your Roth IRA today might mean missing out on tens of thousands of dollars of potential growth by the time you’re ready to retire years from now.
• Eligibility for financial aid could be affected. Another possible downside of using a Roth IRA for college is that the money you withdraw generally counts as income on the FAFSA (Federal Application for Federal Student Aid). That may limit financial aid you could receive, including grants and loans.
Roth IRA vs 529 for College
Before you decide to use a Roth IRA for college savings, you might want to consider a 529 plan. With a 529, you can save money for your child to go to college and withdraw the funds tax-free as long as they’re used for qualified higher education expenses.
A 529 plan has more generous contribution limits than a Roth IRA does, and other extended family members may also contribute to the plan. In addition, while 529 contributions aren’t deductible at the federal level, many states provide tax benefits for 529s.
💡 Quick Tip: Before opening an investment account, know your investment objectives, time horizon, and risk tolerance. These fundamentals will help keep your strategy on track and with the aim of meeting your goals.
Which College Expenses Can a Roth IRA Be Used For?
According to the IRS, a Roth IRA can be used to pay for qualified higher education expenses. These qualified expenses include tuition, fees, books and supplies, and equipment required for enrollment or attendance.
The Takeaway
It’s possible to use a Roth IRA to help pay for qualified higher education expenses, and you typically won’t be subject to a penalty for doing so. However, taking funds out of your Roth IRA means you won’t have that money available for retirement. You’ll also lose out on any gains that may have compounded throughout the years. That could impact your retirement savings or even delay your retirement date.
Instead of using a Roth IRA for college, you may want to consider other ways to save for college that might better fit your financial needs, such as a 529 plan. That way you can save for both college and retirement.
Ready to invest for your retirement? It’s easy to get started when you open a traditional or Roth IRA with SoFi. SoFi doesn’t charge commissions, but other fees apply (full fee disclosure here).
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FAQ
Can you use a Roth IRA for college?
Yes, it is possible to use a Roth IRA for college expenses. If you withdraw money from a Roth IRA for qualified higher education expenses, you generally will not be subject to the 10% early withdrawal penalty. Tuition, fees, books, supplies, and equipment needed for enrollment or attendance are usually considered qualified expenses.
Is a Roth IRA better than a 529 for college?
Deciding whether to use a 529 plan or a Roth IRA for college will depend on your specific financial situation. In many cases, a 529 plan may make more sense than a Roth IRA for college savings. You can generally contribute more to a 529 plan each year than you can to a Roth IRA, there are tax advantages to the plan, and other relatives can also contribute to it. Plus, by using a 529, you won’t be taking money from your retirement savings.
Can I withdraw from my IRA for college tuition without penalty?
Yes, you can use a Roth IRA to pay for college tuition without penalty in most cases because tuition is generally considered a qualified higher education expense. However, to avoid taking money from your retirement savings, you may want to consider other college saving options instead, such as a 529 plan.
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Your home is your sanctuary, but it’s also one of your biggest budget items. And after you retire, it may feel like more house than you need. But in this housing market, when a smaller home with upgraded features may be about as expensive as the one you’re selling, is it still smart to downsize?
In some cases, downsizing is appropriate, but not necessarily money-saving. You may be able to sell your house and buy something cheaper, but it might also make sense to downsize to move closer to family or have less house to clean.
It’s important to be clear on what you want. “Goals are so crucial,” says Juan HernandezAriano, a certified financial planner in Houston. “There are multiple pathways people can take.”
Here are some situations that may match up with a “For Sale” sign.
You’re in a cash flow bind
In retirement, you might find that rising prices combined with a fixed income make you feel a little squeezed.
HernandezAriano notes that his clients in southeast Texas are bothered by high home insurance premiums due to severe weather events, plus high property taxes. “A lot of insurance companies are dropping coverage on the southeast side of Texas,” he says.
If downsizing is a question of money, consider all your housing costs. Weigh the mortgage, property taxes and insurance, plus basic bills like electricity and water services for your current and future homes.
One client in Houston did the math and moved 90 minutes away, where they got a cheaper home and dropped their homeowners insurance by 60%. “Property taxes also went down since they weren’t in a highly competitive school district,” HernandezAriano says. “They still spent more on gas and water and had to pay for relocation expenses, but overall, they saved monthly.”
You’re in a pricey area
If you live in an expensive city, you have a better chance of selling your home and finding something cheaper. “When you’re in a lower-cost area, it’s going to be difficult to find something even [more] lower cost,” says David Demming, a CFP in Aurora, Ohio.
Just do some looking before you leap. Inventory is low in many places, and competition is steep for a smaller home with upgrades.
To save money overall, the value of the home you’re purchasing should be at least 20% less than the house that you’re selling, says Diane Pearson, a CFP in Wexford, Pennsylvania.
You can’t live there safely anymore
Your health may require you to find a new home with fewer stairs, a first-floor primary bedroom or an accessible bathroom.
Michael Maye, a CFP in Gillette, New Jersey, notes that his clients who’ve seen parents go through long-term care or health issues are more likely to consider future mobility when planning their retirement. “Recently, I proactively worked with a couple and they knew that they didn’t want to age in place, because they have a bigger house,” he says.
They wanted to buy into a continuing care retirement community, where they could take advantage of graduated levels of care as they needed it. “They could stay in their house, but they don’t plan to,” Maye says.
You want to be closer to family
While being closer to children or aging parents is a good reason to downsize, don’t count on this being the cheaper option, especially if you’re moving into a hotter market.
Consider one of Demming’s clients, who moved from one part of Ohio to another part of the state. “It cost her $150,000 more to move there, to get a house that was acceptable to her,” Demming said.
Even with the higher cost, Demming says, it was worth it to be closer to her children and grandchildren — and her new city is booming. “There is no looking back,” Demming says. “Her new home has appreciated quite a bit since moving.”
You’re prepared to create a new support network
If downsizing means a new city, keep in mind that you may have to rebuild your community. Even if you’re moving to be near family, you shouldn’t count on them to be your activities hub. “Are you a social person who’s going to be able to get out and about and make your own way?” Maye says.
You’ll need to make new friends, find new medical professionals, find a new gym. “Those are the trade-offs,” Maye says. “None of them are deal breakers, but I think people should really think about all these other things.”
This article was written by NerdWallet and was originally published by The Associated Press.
A generation-skipping trust (GST) allows people to leave assets to grandchildren or other people at least 37.5 years younger. Passing assets from Generation 1 to Generation 3 avoids paying federal estate taxes twice on assets — once when passing to Generation 2 and again when passing to Generation 3.
Although GSTs may avoid estate tax, they aren’t totally tax-free. Assets passing through a generation-skipping trust may be subject to the generation-skipping transfer tax. This tax rate happens to equal the estate tax rate, which ranges from 18% to 40%
. However, the generation-skipping tax generally only applies to estates over $12.92 million in 2023 or $13.61 million in 2024. That number is set to fall to $5 million after 2025.
Price (one-time)
None
Price (one-time)
One-time fee of $159 per individual or $259 for couples.
Price (one-time)
$89 for Basic will plan, $99 for Comprehensive will plan, $249 for Estate Plan Bundle.
Price (annual)
$99 to $209 per year.
Price (annual)
$19 annual membership fee.
Price (annual)
None
Access to attorney support
No
Access to attorney support
No
Access to attorney support
Yes
Who are GSTs good for?
Generation-skipping trusts are best for higher net worth families that want to minimize taxes on their estate, says Diedre Braverman, managing attorney with Braverman Law Group in Boulder, Colorado. People who don’t have a will or estate plan may end up leaving their heirs with taxes that they could have avoided, she adds.
Pros and cons of GSTs
When considering if a GST works best for you, think of the following.
Advantages
When set up properly, a GST may save money in taxes that Generation 2 may have had to pay had they received the assets first. This allows people to leave assets to grandchildren, nieces, nephews, grandnieces, grandnephews, or a younger spouse without having a lot of it swallowed up by taxes, Braverman says.
Trusts may be able to shield assets from lawsuits, bankruptcy and divorce settlements.
Setting up a GST gets you thinking about your legacy. “It may get you into estate planning in general,” Braverman says, “which is a good thing for everybody.”
Disadvantages
Attorney fees associated with setting up a GST vary greatly across the country and can be hefty.
Money in the trust can only be withdrawn for living expenses. While those amounts can be generous, it still has to have some relationship correlated to the beneficiaries’ standard of living, Braverman says.
Trusts require a trustee, which is an ongoing expense.
The generation that gets skipped may have objections. “Generation 2 can typically get income from the trust, but they don’t have ownership in the trust,” says Brian Hill, a partner at Ball Morse Lowe in Norman, Oklahoma. “They can’t sell the asset and go buy a bigger personal home. Because of that, there could be tension.”
How to set up a GST
Work with an estate planning attorney to set up your GST. Some things to keep in mind:
Go slow. Setting up a GST involves at least three generations of people, so it’s essential to think through the process. “This is in place for a long time,” Hill says.
Talk to various advisors. Speaking with different people helps you think through all the different what-ifs, Hill says. Consider including tax professionals, financial planners and even other family members in your conversations.
Keep your appointment. People tend to cancel their appointments when they don’t have all the answers to questions that a lawyer may have sent them before their first meeting, Braverman says. This is a mistake. Working with a good attorney will help you get the answers you need.
Think about what you want your trust to encourage or discourage. Lawyers can put all kinds of provisions in trusts, Braverman says. Stipulations on substance abuse or GPAs or beneficiaries being self-supporting, for example, can help express the client’s overall intent.
GST mistakes to avoid
People often make two common mistakes, according to Braverman.
Naming family members as trustees. Money creates suspicions, and the trustee has a lot of power, she says. This can build resentment and cause problems.
Not considering who will be trustee if your original trustee passes. Consult with your attorney about who will take over if your original trustee can no longer handle the role. Braverman suggests three options for these successor trustees: Trust departments in large financial institutions, trust companies or professional, private fiduciaries.
Frequently asked questions
Can I only leave money to family members in a GST?
No. Money in a GST can go to grandchildren, grandnieces, grandnephews, or anyone who is at least 37.5 years younger than the grantor.
What is the beneficiary of a GST called?
A “skip” person is the beneficiary of a GST who is two or more generations below the settlor’s generation.
Is there a way to avoid paying the generation-skipping tax?
The IRS exclusion allows grandparents to give away $12.92 million in 2023 without paying this tax. This number is set to drop drastically after 2025 — to $5 million.
Chase offers consumers several travel rewards credit cards, most of which help you earn points for a trip and offer travel protections should your journey go differently than expected. These benefits can help give you peace of mind and reduce stress, especially if your trip gets canceled.
Many Chase cards offer travel coverage that includes trip cancellation insurance, among other protections. Let’s take a look at Chase trip cancellation insurance, which cards provide it and what this benefit covers.
What is trip cancellation insurance?
Trip cancellation insurance can reimburse your prepaid, nonrefundable expenses — such as flights, hotel reservations or a cruise — should your trip be canceled due to unforeseen circumstances, such as extreme weather, an accident or a death in the family.
Coverage begins on the date you make your initial trip deposit and ends when you depart for your trip.
Chase cards that come with trip cancellation insurance
The following cards include Chase trip cancellation insurance:
Chase credit card
Trip cancellation insurance benefits
$1,500 per covered person, $6,000 per trip.
$1,500 per covered person, $6,000 per trip.
$1,500 per covered person, $6,000 per trip.
$1,500 per covered person, $6,000 per trip.
$10,000 per covered person, $20,000 per trip.
$10,000 per covered person, $20,000 per trip.
$1,500 per covered person, $6,000 per trip.
$5,000 per covered person, $10,000 per trip.
$5,000 per covered person, $10,000 per trip.
$1,500 per covered person, $6,000 per trip.
$10,000 per covered person, $20,000 per trip.
$1,500 per covered person, $6,000 per trip.
$1,500 per covered person, $6,000 per trip.
$5,000 per covered person, $10,000 per trip.
What does Chase trip cancellation insurance cover?
Chase travel insurance covers nonrefundable prepaid travel expenses such as flights, hotels, cruises, train tickets and tours — whether you book with a travel agency or directly with the travel provider.
The benefits kick in when one of the following reasons occurs:
Accidental bodily injury, sickness or loss of life experienced by you or an immediate family member.
Severe weather.
Named storm warning.
Change in military orders for you or your spouse.
A call to jury duty or a court subpoena.
Fire, flood or a burglary to your or your traveling companion’s residence.
The death or hospitalization of your or your travel companion’s host at the destination.
Doctor-imposed quarantine.
Organized strikes affecting public transportation.
Terrorist incidents or travel warnings related to terrorism.
What isn’t covered by Chase trip cancellation insurance?
Event tickets, amusement park tickets, museum entry fees and golf course expenses aren’t eligible for reimbursement unless they’re included in a prepaid travel package.
Trip cancellation benefits don’t apply to losses caused by:
A change in plans or financial circumstances.
A pre-existing medical condition.
Loss due to voluntary surrender of unused tickets, vouchers or credits.
Travel arrangements scheduled after the 26th week of pregnancy.
Being on a waitlist for a medical treatment.
Trips taken for the purpose of obtaining medical treatment.
Unwillingness to travel due to civil unrest.
Failure to obtain required visas, passports or other paperwork necessary for travel.
Commission of illegal acts.
Attempted suicide or self-inflicted injuries.
Being under the influence of drugs.
Disinclination to travel or border closures resulting from a pandemic.
Financial insolvency of the common carrier, travel agency or tour operator.
War, insurrection, rebellion or revolution (except terrorism).
Who is covered by Chase trip cancellation insurance?
As the primary cardholder, you’re covered. The trip cancellation insurance also extends to your immediate family members, including:
Parents, step-parents and/or legal guardians.
Spouses or domestic partners and their parents.
Children, including adopted children and step-children.
Grandparents and grandchildren.
Aunts and uncles.
Nieces and nephews.
Your immediate family members don’t have to be traveling with you for the benefits to apply to them as well. However, you must have used the Chase credit card that includes trip cancellation insurance to pay for their trip.
Which trips are eligible for Chase trip cancellation insurance?
Eligible trips can’t exceed 60 consecutive travel days. If your trip is longer, the coverage is still available, but the eligible prepaid nonrefundable expenses would be reimbursed as a pro-rated sum up to the first 60 days.
You must pay for all or a portion of the trip using an eligible Chase credit card or Chase Ultimate Rewards® for it to be eligible for the trip cancellation benefits. If your canceled trip results in a future credit or voucher, it won’t be covered.
How to file a trip cancellation insurance claim with Chase
To file a Chase trip cancellation insurance claim, you must contact the benefits administrator within 20 days of the cancellation. You can do this by calling the phone number listed in your credit card’s guide to benefits. If you wish to file a claim online, you can visit www.eclaimsline.com.
You’ll have to provide the following documentation within 90 days to support your claim:
Completed and signed claim form.
Travel itinerary.
Documentation confirming the reason for trip cancellation, such as medical records or a death certificate.
Credit card account statement listing the transaction related to the trip.
Copies of the cancellation and refund policies from the travel provider.
Any unused credits or vouchers.
Chase trip cancellation insurance recapped
Holding a credit card that provides travel insurance can help put your mind at ease when unexpected problems arise.
Chase’s insurance benefits cover you and your family members against expenses incurred due to trip cancellation, among other things.
However, it’s important to know what’s covered by the policy and what isn’t. Additionally, you’ll want to keep track of all documentation related to the cancellation and submit it before the deadline to receive reimbursement.
The information related to the Chase Freedom®credit card has been collected by NerdWallet and has not been reviewed or provided by the issuer of this card.
How to maximize your rewards
You want a travel credit card that prioritizes what’s important to you. Here are our picks for the best travel credit cards of 2023, including those best for:
Architect Louis Naidorf had a disastrous 80th birthday cake. In 2008, Naidorf, who designed the Capitol Records building in Hollywood, was presented with a celebration cake that had been custom-baked in the shape of his iconic cylindrical building. But the pastry soon reflected the rather substantial difference between concrete and flour.
“When the cake was brought out, it gently collapsed, and everyone applauded,” Naidorf says, laughing over the phone from his home in Santa Rosa. “It was like in one of the movies where the Capitol Records building was destroyed.” Thankfully the cake for his 95th birthday, which he celebrated last month, was more structurally sound.
Designated a historic-cultural monument in 2006, the building has long been a favorite Los Angeles landmark to demolish on film — especially for filmmaker Roland Emmerich, who blew it up with an alien spaceship in “Independence Day” and slammed it with twisters in “The Day After Tomorrow.” Yet no movie can ever write the building out of a central place in popular music history. The tower is synonymous with the illustrious Capitol Records, home of Nat King Coleand Frank Sinatra, and the American record label of Pink Floyd and the Beatles, with the latter’s stars lining the Hollywood Walk of Fame right in front of the building.
Over the last several years, the building has been illuminated in support of various sociopolitical causes. In 2020, it was lighted red to support independent music venues. Last year, during their performance in Hollywood, Duran Duran lighted the Capitol Records building blue and yellow in solidarity with Ukraine. “I think that’s excellent,” Naidorf says. “Anything that vigorously engages the public on the right side of good causes transcends other issues. I’m flattered they use the Capitol Records building. It means it has enough cachet to merit being chosen to do that.”
Like the famous landmark he designed, Louis Naidorf has of late been experiencing his own brush with stardom, with postcards from autograph seekers arriving at his door. He is flattered but doesn’t take the attention too seriously.
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“It’s obvious that if someone asks me for four signatures I’m part of trading baseball cards or something,” he says. “They are going to trade four Lou Naidorfs for one Joe Smith.”
Still, he’s surprised and somewhat baffled by the sudden burst of recognition after all these years. “I guess my name ended up on a list or something,” he shrugs.
Naidorf was just 24 years old when he designed the Capitol Records building, in 1953. It was the world’s first circular office building.
Though it was 70 years ago, he vividly recalls how he felt when he received the assignment for his first solo project. “At one level, I felt enormous anxiety that if I didn’t get a solution, very, very quickly, something terrible would happen,” he says. “On the other hand, I felt a total confidence that I could do it. So it was a crazy contradiction.”
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Naidorf notes the building’s porcelain enamel sunshades with carefully spaced gaps to play with light and shadow. These cause spiral lines to appear on the building, drawing the eye into a rhythm rather than straight up and down. “You can see Capitol Records from quite a distance and you get a first impression of its basic form and character. You have a reading of it as complete,” he says. “But the building is designed so that the closer you get to the building, you discover more details.”
What about the long-standing myth that its round shape was designed to look like a stack of records with a rooftop antenna resembling a phonograph needle? As hard as it might be to believe, the legendary story about the building is just a coincidence — an urban legend that Naidorf has tried to debunk for decades.
In fact, when his boss, Welton Becket, tasked him with the assignment, the building was simply referred to as Project X. Shrouded in secrecy, Naidorf was given little guidance for the project other than being asked to design a 13-story building on a sloped side street in Hollywood that had to be kept as cool as possible and had smaller than usual floor space. He also didn’t know for whom he was designing it. Naidorf says it was common for clients’ identities to be kept confidential during the initial planning stages of a project.
However, Naidorf relished the creative latitude. The absence of information left him unburdened by preconceived ideas. “I knew the door was open for something special. It urged me so strongly,” he says earnestly. “I felt, and I think all architects feel this way … there’s a drive to translate the mundane bare requirements that clients come in with into something that has some poetic qualities about it.”
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Naidorf then had an epiphany: The project’s requirements were “eerily resonant” with a series of circular buildings he had designed for his master’s thesis in college. “The round shape is a very efficient enclosure of space,” he says. “You get more bang for your buck.”
Not everyone agreed with his approach. Naidorf says that Capitol Records co-founder and President Glenn Wallichs became irate when Naidorf presented him with a model and drawings of a round building, and “violently rejected” the design. “He thought it was a cheap stunt designed by a young guy to make the building look like a stack of records,” Naidorf says, laughing.
Wallichs insisted that Naidorf replace the round design with plans for a rectangular building. But when both rectangular and circular designs were presented to the insurance company financing the land, Naidorf says that Wallichs was urged to proceed with the round design.
Soon after, when talk of the building housing a radio station (that never came to fruition) was raised, Naidorf fretted when he was asked to design an antenna. He was worried that it would look like a phonograph needle and cement the idea that the building was designed to look like a stack of records.
Owing to his nagging concern, Naidorf positioned the rooftop spire asymmetrically, poised to appear as if it touches the roof delicately, like “a ballerina en pointe.” He calls it the building’s “grace note.” Still, the stack-of-vinyl myth persists. Laughing, Naidorf says, “It’s the most enduring myth of all.”
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Despite his good humor, it leaves him conflicted. “The building was not designed as a cartoon or a giggle. To have it trivialized with the stack-of-records myth is annoying and dismaying,” he says. “There’s not a thing on the building that doesn’t have a solid purpose to it.”
Naidorf’s ingenuity has been especially impressive to Los Angeles-based architect Lorcan O’Herlihy, who says he has “often responded strongly to the fact and admired that here was this interesting architect [Naidorf] who was combining science and art, or artistry and technology. Welton Becket [& Associates], very much to their credit, were at a period where modernism was at its heyday and they had to come up with ideas that were new and fresh and they did it, and Lou was certainly instrumental in that. His work is extraordinary.”
Naidorf was born in Los Angeles in 1928. His father owned a shop where he made and sold women’s clothing, with Naidorf’s mother lining the garments. Owing to his father’s lack of accounting skills and business acumen, however, the business often collapsed, forcing his parents to work at a garment factory until debts could be paid off to reopen the store.
Throughout his childhood, Naidorf’s family struggled financially as they moved around, living mostly in Silver Lake and Los Feliz. With only enough money to rent studio apartments, Naidorf’s parents slept on a Murphy bed while Naidorf spent his nights on a mattress on the floor.
As a little boy, Naidorf felt drawn to buildings. When his third-grade teacher decorated the classroom with a Hawaiian vacation theme, his fascination morphed into a calling. “I asked my teacher who made the drawings and she said, ‘Naval architects.’ And then I asked her who draws the plans for houses and she said, ‘Architects.’ She told me to ask my mother to show me the floor plans that were published in the real estate section of the Sunday edition of the newspaper.
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“When I saw them, I was a goner,” he swoons. “I now knew what I wanted to do. I wanted to be an architect.”
Naidorf remembers, at age 8, designing a three-bedroom house, using a card table as a makeshift drafting table. Soon after, he began designing small towns. “It wasn’t anything brilliant, but I was learning to draw, learning to scale and learning to think in spatial terms,” he says. When he was 12 years old, Naidorf got a part-time job at a bookstore, where he spent his first two paychecks on architecture books, absorbing them until they were threadbare.
Beyond literature, Naidorf amassed a growing collection of architectural materials (T-square, rectangles, instruments for ink drawings), thanks to his bar mitzvah presents, and decided he was ready to get to work. Sanford Kent, a young architect who had just graduated from USC, hired a tenacious 13-year-old Naidorf, paying him out of his own pocket.
Naidorf says tackling the abstract problems Kent gave him at once stimulated his mind and were instrumental in forming his long-standing ethos. “It got me thinking about architecture in terms of its effect on human emotions. The key issue is, ‘How do people respond to your work, whether from a distance or by living it?’” he says.
He continued to soak up whatever he could about architecture, gearing his junior and high school classes toward studying architecture in university. He attended UC Berkeley instead of the privately funded USC, not only to leave home and expand his horizons but also because of its affordability.
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Even still, Naidorf couldn’t afford all of the program’s required materials. He borrowed airbrushes from his fellow students, who would also give him their pencil stubs instead of tossing them out. Naidorf submitted his assignments on pebble board, which was not only cheaper than illustration board but allowed him to draw on one side, flip it over and draw on the other.
In 1950, Naidorf graduated at the top of his class and got his master of architecture degree a year early. He skipped his graduation ceremony because he had a job interview the next day at Welton Becket & Associates, where he was promptly hired. Among his earliest design assignments: a tray slide for a hospital cafeteria, a clothes closet and a “Please Wait to Be Seated” sign for a restaurant.
Three years into his employment, he began working on the Capitol Records building. Naidorf says he would design it the exact same way if he were given the assignment today.
Andrew Slater, former Capitol Records president and chief executive (2001-07), attests to the building’s distinctive charm. “When you go to work every day in that building it’s like you’re going into a piece of art, and it informs your attitude … to do something with that mindset, which is great,” he says. “Even though working in the music industry is, in a sense, an industrial endeavor, you never felt like you were doing anything industrial when you walked into that building.”
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Still, Naidorf fears being perceived as a “Johnny One Note,” as he puts it. Noting the plaque bearing his name outside the building’s main entrance, he expresses gratitude but wariness “that this one modest project has to carry my whole reputation on it.”
It’s a fair point, given the magnitude of Naidorf’s notable oeuvre. It’s earned him 17 regional honor and merit awards and AIA California’s Lifetime Achievement Award (2009). His work also has been featured at the J. Paul Getty Museum in Los Angeles.
“I know Capitol Records is always the first one people talk about and it’s a splendid, iconic building that fuses artistry and functionalism, but he’s also produced other projects over the years,” says fellow architect O’Herlihy. “The Santa Monica Civic Auditorium is brilliant.”
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Naidorf designed the 3,000-seat capacity Santa Monica Civic Auditorium on the heels of the Capitol Records building, in the late 1950s. Essentially two buildings in one, it was a challenge to design a locale that functioned at once as a performance space with a sloped floor and an exhibit hall with a flat floor for sports events, banquets and trade shows.
He transformed the floor from flat to tilted using a hydraulic system that was hailed for its innovation. “I don’t think you’ll find any place that has a symphony on a Friday night and a gem show, or some kind of hobby show, on Saturday,” he says.
Formerly home to the Santa Monica Symphony Orchestrabut currently sitting vacant, the Civic Auditorium opened its doors to the public in 1958. From 1961 to 1968, it hosted the Academy Awards. It also was the site of live recordings including George Carlin’s comedy record “Class Clown” and the Eagles’ “Eagles Live,” a double LP recorded during their three-night run at the venue. It also hosted “The T.A.M.I. Show” in 1964.
In the meantime, while the Civic was still under construction, Naidorf designed the 15,000-seat capacity Los Angeles Memorial Sports Arena, the biggest arena in Los Angeles when it opened in 1959. (The arena was demolished in 2016 to make way for the Banc of California Stadium, now called BMO Stadium.)
Naidorf says the Sports Arena, home to various Los Angeles sports teams including the NBA’s Lakers (1960-67) and Clippers (1984-1999) and the NHL’s Kings (1967-68), was built to attract sports teams to Los Angeles, but uncertainty about whether they’d catch on meant the facility had to be viable for other purposes.
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In 1960, a year after it opened its doors, the Sports Arena hosted the first Democratic National Convention in Los Angeles, where John F. Kennedy became the presidential nominee. Muhammad Ali (then known as Cassius Clay) won a boxing match there in 1962. It also hosted rallies by Martin Luther King Jr. and the Dalai Lama, and saw concerts by legendary rock acts including the Grateful Dead.
Bruce Springsteen played the venue’s final concerts before the building was demolished, a three-night stint during which he dedicated his song “Wrecking Ball” to the building lovingly nicknamed “The Dump That Still Jumps.” “Well, it was pretty dumpy by the end,” Naidorf says, laughing. “Not all architecture is permanent,” he continues. “I’d rather it was demolished and some useful purpose made of the site than having it sit there old, shabby and neglected as it was.”
Naidorf’s credits also include the Beverly Hilton Hotel, the Beverly Center and the Reagan State Office Building downtown. Outside of Los Angeles, Naidorf helmed the restoration of the California State Capitol Building in Sacramento, a six-year undertaking and then the largest-ever restoration undertaken in the U.S., and he designed President Gerald Ford’s house in Rancho Mirage.
The tallest building in Arizona, the Valley National Bank building (now Chase Tower) in Phoenix, also was designed by Naidorf, as well as the Hyatt Regency Dallas and adjacent Reunion Tower, the most recognizable landmark of the city’s skyline.
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He details these and his other high-profile projects in his 2018 book “More Humane: An Architectural Memoir”, filled with photos, backstories and personal anecdotes. Flipping through its pages, one learns that Naidorf not only took risks designing his projects but even risked his job on occasion.
He writes in his memoir that in 1958, when he was designing the Humble Oil (now Exxon) headquarters in Houston, he refused to design separate locker rooms and drinking fountains for Black and white people, as the company asked him to. When he went home on that Friday night, he describes not knowing if he’d have a job the following Monday. Not only did Naidorf not lose his job, he says, but the company ceased segregating its locker rooms and drinking fountains after that.
“I realized architects have access to some of the most powerful people in the world and it is our job to bring up issues that represent social issues rather than just architectural design,” he says. “The only thing for evil to triumph is for good people to remain silent. Architects should not remain silent.”
Naidorf also understood that sometimes he was designing projects where people don’t want to be, like the Naval Medical Center in San Diego, which opened in 1988. “I felt that there were two emotions we had to contend with,” he says. “One was to lay the sense that this would be welcoming and have a more personal quality. But if you go to a hospital you want a quite contradictory thing. You want to have a sense that it’s state-of-the-art, that whatever powerful forces can cure you, they’re there.”
Instead of one medical building, which he felt would seem ominous, he designed several structures and a series of outdoor walkways to make the facility feel warm and comforting. The treatment and diagnostic part of the facility was bold, with an abundance of steel and glass. Walkways were lined with floor-to-ceiling glass to allow patients to see the outdoor courtyard, grass, trees, sky and distant views of a golf course “based on the primitive feeling you have in the hospital, which is to get out of the damn place,” he says.
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When he was out shopping a few months ago, Naidorf met a woman who mentioned that she had been in the Navy, forcing her to move around a lot when her son was battling childhood leukemia. Without knowing she was talking to the Naval Medical Center’s designer himself, she told Naidorf that it was the only hospital that didn’t scare her ill 6-year-old son, who has since made a full recovery.
“What kind of an architect…,” Naidorf says, overcome with emotion and his voice breaking, “do you have to be not to hold that as better than any design award?”
Though Naidorf had risen through Welton Becket & Associates’ ranks to become vice president, director of research and director of design, he grew increasingly unhappy after the firm’s merger with Ellerbe Associates (it was renamed Ellerbe Becket). He moved into academia full-time in 1990, spending just one day a week at the firm.
Naidorf became dean of the School of Architecture and Design at Woodbury University, earning numerous distinctions, including teacher, faculty member and administrator of the year. He was also a guest professor at UCLA, USC, Cal Poly Pomona and SCI-Arc. At his retirement ceremony in 2000, he was awarded an honorary doctorate, marking not only the end of his academic career but also his time in Los Angeles.
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Charmed by the beauty of Northern California, Naidorf moved up the coast to Santa Rosa. For the next 15 years, he continued working with Woodbury University as campus architect, designing and remodeling some of its buildings, and was invited to be a board member.
When he parted ways with Woodbury at 87 years old, it was not with the goal of taking it easy. Naidorf had other pursuits in mind, including his work with City Vision Santa Rosa revitalizing the city’s downtown area.
He also helped his close friend, Mike Harkins (who edited Naidorf’s memoir), design his new house free of charge after the 2017 Tubbs Fire burned Harkins’ home to the ground and he and his wife lost 99% of their belongings.
“Lou offered without solicitation: ‘I’d like to design your house,’” Harkins says. “To me or anyone else who knows him, it was a heartfelt offer that of course he would make, and yet so much more. One analogy might be if Eric Clapton said, ‘I’d like to play at your wedding.’ The knowledge and sensibility that comes along with a Naidorf design offering is huge, just like his heart.”
Most recently, Naidorf has been experimenting with plans for a project to help people who are unhoused.
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Naidorf has made the most of his architecture license over the last 71 years. His voice fills with pride when he reveals that he holds the earliest issued active architecture license in the state of California, obtained in 1952.
“It’s something I wanted to be since I was a little kid. My architecture license was so hard to come by. I don’t want to give it up,” he says with palpable emotion. “I don’t want to be retired. I want to be an architect until I fall over. I plan to be buried as a licensed architect.”
Of recently turning 95, he jokes that he feels like a bad vaudeville performer who soon will be pulled offstage by a hook. But Naidorf remains in remarkably good health after surviving both prostate and esophageal cancer in his 80s.
To keep his brain sharp, he does exercises including counting backward from 100 by sevens and taking IQ tests online.
As a nonagenarian, he says there is no key to living a long life. He suggests, though, that it helps to try to use it well. “It’s not how big the steak is but how tasty it is,” he says. “I think you have to seek a calling, listen for it and search for it. Find something in your life that is really yours. … Get engaged with something that’s going to scare you, something where the problems are hard. And take risks. There is no failure.”
He also notes the importance of adaptability. “I have had four marriages. I’d better be resilient,” he quips. Twice divorced and twice widowed, Naidorf has a daughter from his first marriage, four stepchildren (who call him “Dad”) from his fourth marriage, 11 grandchildren and six great-grandchildren. An intensely private man, he’s reticent to speak publicly about his relationships and family, preferring to focus on his work.
“I remain so fascinated with architecture,” he says. “I cannot even walk past a store where somebody is putting in an electrical outlet without stopping to look in and watch it.”
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The chatty Naidorf turns summarily succinct, saying, “I certainly have had a good run.”
You may have read a certain ABC news report that a man made his final mortgage payment with pennies he had collected over the years.
If not, the story goes like this. During the past 35 years, Milford, Massachusetts resident Thomas Daigle began saving pennies to pay off the mortgage on his first home.
The first one was supposedly found on the ground of the parking lot as he left the bank where he obtained his mortgage.
He told his wife at the time that he’d use pennies to make his final mortgage payment, and because “his word” meant everything, he stuck to it.
As time went on, any penny he encountered would be collected and put with the rest, eventually rolled and packed into boxes in his basement.
He kept a tally of the total number of pennies so he’d know when he met his goal.
And in April, on his 35th wedding anniversary, he took the pennies down to Milford Federal Savings and Loan Association and made his final payment, just as he said he would.
It is estimated that the 62,000 pennies weighed roughly 427 pounds, depending on the material they were made with.
Cool Yes, Practical No
While this story is heartwarming and certainly admirable in a very unconventional type of way, it’s clearly nowhere close to practical.
Sure, he was able to save $620 worth of pennies and make a “free” mortgage payment, but let’s analyze the amount of work he put into it.
The man picked up pennies and sifted through his coins for pennies and rolled them for decades – that is certainly a lot of work for $620, especially when inflation adjusted.
He probably also obsessed over pennies for years and drove his wife nuts.
The poor employees at the savings and loan also had to count the 400 pounds of pennies once he brought them in, probably only agreeing to it because of the nature of the story and the fact that it’s their 125th anniversary this year.
A Better Alternative
What Daigle could have done instead was make biweekly payments, or simply make an extra payment each year.
Or pay a little extra each time he made a monthly mortgage payment.
Even if he only added $10 or $20 to his mortgage payment each month, he would have saved a whole lot more than one single payment.
He probably could have refinanced his mortgage as well as mortgage rates dropped over the years and shortened his term.
And he would have paid his mortgage off early while saving thousands of dollars, not just $620.
Oh, and he wouldn’t have had to touch a single penny or waste hours rolling them.
Of course, he may have enjoyed the whole process, and clearly was happy to have met his goal.
The takeaway here is that simple things like paying a little bit extra or refinancing when rates drop substantially can lead to huge savings on your mortgage over the long term.
So take a proactive approach to your mortgage – it’s a huge financial decision and one that needs lots of care and attention over the years, not just at the outset.
For the record, Daigle said he’s no longer saving pennies, and seems to want nothing to do with them at this point.
He’s now focused on collecting grandchildren, who will likely pass down this story for generations. Hopefully none will repeat it.
Cyber-attacks are on the rise as hackers and criminals learn about and adapt to methods put in place by government agencies to prevent scams. The FBI’s Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3) reported monetary losses totaling more than $1.4 billion in 2017. [1]
While anyone, regardless of age, can be a target of common money scams, many hackers specifically target seniors. Nearly 17% of reported cyber crimes in 2017 came from victims over the age of 60. And with losses of over $342 million, seniors are losing more money to scams than any other age group. [1] Considering the average age of retirement in the U.S. is 60, this trends is a serious threat to the financial security of many Americans as they enter retirement.
With an empty nest and retirement on the horizon, your senior years should be the time to pursue your passions—not get scammed out of your hard-earned savings.
This guide covers the basics of recognizing and preventing common online money scams, plus provides tips to help seniors navigate the online world safely.
Table of Contents:
Why Scammers Target Seniors
Pew Research shows that seniors are adopting technology, such as the Internet and smartphones, more than ever before. [2] If you’re among the technology adopters, you know how great technology is for connecting with your children and grandchildren who live far away and with friends you haven’t seen in years.
Con artists and scammers exploit seniors online believing that they aren’t Internet-savvy, despite many proving otherwise. Here are a few of the reasons seniors are a frequent target of scams online:
You generally have larger savings accounts and valuable assets.
You’re perceived as more trusting and polite.
You may not recognize and report the scam right away.
As you age, cognitive function and physical ability declines.
How to Recognize a Money Scam
As online scammers get increasingly sophisticated, certain types of fraud can be hard to spot even for the most adept Internet user. To keep from falling victim to scammers’ tactics, make yourself aware of common warning signs and stay vigilant. A gut feeling is always a good place to start. For example, if something feels too good to be true, it probably is. Also, if a request from someone you know feels out of character, trust your instincts and do your research before taking action.
An easy way to know if something is a likely con is to use the three U’s for identifying money scams.
Unexpected: If you receive an email from someone you trust making an unexpected or unusual request for money or personal information, contact them personally to confirm.
Urgent: If the tone of the message is threatening or asks you to act immediately, take time to think it over or tell a friend before acting. If you’re still unsure, check the IC3’s Alert Archive to see if there have been other incidents of the same scam.
Unsecure: Make sure the address bar reads “https://” and not “http://” when entering personal or financial information online. If a URL begins with “https://” that tells you the site is secure and protects information that’s transmitted. If you provide sensitive information to an unsecure site, it can easily be stolen.
Top 10 Online Scams That Affect Seniors
Scammers see senior citizens as easy victims, but you can prove them wrong by educating yourself on some of their common schemes. They often use things like healthcare, retirement savings and online dating to lure unsuspecting seniors into giving over their personal information. Here are 10 of the most common online schemes that target seniors.
1. Medicare Scams
If you’re 65 or older, you might rely on Medicare for your health coverage. Scammers know this and whenever Medicare sends out new cards or makes changes to its policies, they capitalize on opportunities to steal personal information. This can be done over the phone or by email. The scammer claims to be a Medicare representative and insists there’s a fee associated with getting you a new card or that your card has been compromised—neither of which is true.
According to Medicare.gov, “Medicare, or someone representing Medicare, will never contact you for your Medicare Number or other personal information unless you’ve given them permission in advance.”
How to protect yourself: Don’t respond to the email and mark it as junk or spam. If you need to speak with Medicare, call them directly at 1-800-MEDICARE (1-800-633-4227).
2. Health Insurance Scams
In order to make a profit, criminals may try to offer you health insurance plans that have little to no real value. In some cases, they may be selling discount cards or limited-benefit plans, but rarely explain how limited the coverage really is.
How to protect yourself: Never purchase insurance on the spot. Do your research on the company and thoroughly read the details of the coverage offered.
2. Counterfeit Medications
This scam is especially dangerous because it can cost you not only your money but your health. Prescription drugs aren’t cheap, and most seniors are dependent on a medication or two to maintain their health. Scammers exploit this by offering fake prescription medications for purchase online at a low cost. The number of counterfeit medication scams under investigation by the FDA is up four times since the 1990s. [3]
How to protect yourself: Always go through licensed medical professionals to get any prescriptions and pick up your medications at a local pharmacy. If you enjoy the convenience of ordering online, many reputable pharmacies allow you to refill your prescription online or have your medications delivered.
3. Phishing
Scammers often capitalize on your trust in people and institutions by posing as them in emails, on calls or in text messages. For example, the Social Security Scam is a form of phishing where scammers pose as government officials who need your social security information. Once they’ve gained your trust, they use that to gather personal, sensitive information like your Social Security number, bank/credit card information and/or passwords.
How to protect yourself: Always check the sender’s email address or phone number before clicking any links in emails or messages that request personal information.
4. Dating and Romance Scams
Online dating can be great for people of all ages—seniors included. But it’s important to practice the same kind of cautions online as you do in real-world dating. Online dating scams are one of the biggest and most costly scams, and scammers can break your heart and bank account if you’re not careful. It’s a red flag if someone builds a rapport with you only to turn around and ask for money. Even if the request seems heartfelt, like wanting to come see you, it could still be a play solely for money.
How to protect yourself: Take things slow, do your research and never send money to someone you don’t know personally. Even if you’ve met them, run the other way if they ask for money after you’ve known them only for a little while.
5. Investment Scams
In these cons, scammers take advantage of your need to build or maintain retirement savings. A lot of seniors are concerned about making their money last, which makes them vulnerable to ads or requests that promise high-profit, no-risk investments.
How to protect yourself: Stop and think, “Is this too good to be true?” Never accept an offer on the spot. If you’re not sure, talk it over with a trusted friend or check the IC3’s Alert Archive along with other online sources, such as the Scams and Frauds page on USA.gov.
6. Homeowner Scams
Seniors are at a point in life where they’re more likely to own their homes. While some may want to stay right where they are, others have grand dreams of moving to a new location—maybe somewhere warmer. In this scenario scammers work to identify the value of your property and then offer you a reassessment—for a fee, of course.
How to protect yourself: If you want to move, only work with a reputable realtor or go the for sale by owner route.
7. Sweepstakes and Lottery Scams
These scams use a surprise factor to trick you into thinking you need to click something to “claim a prize.” It can come as an email, a web pop up or even within a web page you’re reading.
How to protect yourself: If you receive an email that claims you’re a winner, it’s almost guaranteed to be a scam. On the off chance that you actually signed up for a sweepstakes, check your email inbox to see if you have a confirmation of your signup from the same email address. Better, yet, pick up the phone and call the company before you click on a link in an email or on a website.
8. Fake Charities
Seniors may feel more compelled to donate to those in need or contribute to disaster aid, but unfortunately fake charities often try and get donations after a natural disaster.
How to protect yourself: Do your research. Call a number to speak with someone from that charity or search the charity name and a phrase like “scam” or “fraud” in Google. You can also use the organizations listed by the FTC to research reputable charities.
9. Malware Scams
Using antivirus software is a great way to protect yourself from fraud. Unfortunately, scammers often pose as antivirus providers and instead install malware on your computer. These advertisements are often pop ups or web page ads.
How to protect yourself: Make sure anything you download to your computer is from a reputable source and never give anyone you don’t trust remote access to your computer.
10. Threats and Extortion
These types of scams utilize fear to get the desired outcome. Typically the scammer tells you that something terrible is going to happen if you don’t give them money or personal information.
How to protect yourself: Never act impulsively. Consider whether the scenario seems realistic. If you’re unsure or scared, talk to a friend. If the caller acts like a relative, hang up and call them back to ensure it is, in fact, your relative and not a stranger pretending to be your relative.
How to Protect Yourself Online
It’s good to know the basics about scams and the accompanying warning signs, but there are steps you can take to further protect your computer and online identity from fraud including. settings, tools and government resources.
Keep your firewall turned on. A firewall monitors incoming and outgoing network traffic to prevent unauthorized access to and from a private network. It protects your computer from hackers attempting to crash it or gain sensitive information.
Keep your computer’s operating system up-to-date. Make sure your computer software is up-to-date. You can usually subscribe to automatic updates online. If you keep your system updated, your computer will continue running smoothly and you’re sure to have the latest fixes for any security holes.
Turn on two-factor authentication. Two-factor authentication requires both a password and an additional piece of information to access your account. The second piece of information is typically a message sent to your phone or a code generated by an app or token.
Look out for unsecure networks and websites. If you get a warning message saying “Unsecure Wi-Fi Detected,” don’t visit any banking websites or store any passwords while on that network.Also, most browsers will warn you when you visit an unsecure site. The feature should already be enabled on most computers, but if not, make sure you enable this setting.
Install or update antivirus software. Antivirus software prevents malicious software programs from installing on your computer. Malware programs allow others to see your computer activity. Be wary of any ads on the Internet for these types of software as they are often not real solutions and instead are fraudulent.
Use a password manager. A password manager, like LastPass or Dashlane, lets you have a unique, strong password for every secure website—in other words, not your grandchild’s birth date. You won’t have to remember them all, because the password manager stores and encrypts your passwords for your protection.
Check your credit often. Major changes toyour credit can indicate potential fraud. Consider signing up for a free credit score and checking it every few weeks as a way to watch for changes.
Find Information About Active Scams
What To Do If You’re the Victim of a Scam
The best thing to do if you suspect you’ve been the victim of a scam is to report it. IC3 chief Donna Gregory says, “We want to encourage everyone who suspects they have been victimized by online fraudsters to report it to us.” IC3 receives over 800 complaints a day on average, so don’t let embarrassment keep you from reporting something.1 Reporting a scam helps law enforcement investigate similar scams and take action to bring the scammers to justice.
Steps to Take After Fraud
To report a scam, file a claim online at www.ic3.gov. You’ll be asked to provide complete information about the crime as well as any additional relevant information.
Once you’ve reported the scam to authorities, you also want to take action against any other loss. IC3 recommends that victims take actions, such as contacting banks, credit card companies and/or the credit bureaus to block accounts, freeze accounts, dispute charges or attempt to recover lost funds.
Keep a close watch on your credit reports and consider using credit monitoring tools.
In February 2018, the Justice Department made a coordinated sweep of elder fraud cases that resulted in several initiatives to reduce the number of annual cases. [4] This included building local, state and federal capacity to fight elder abuse, supporting research to improve elder abuse policy and practice, and helping older victims and their families.
Each year the number of Internet crimes increases and scammers become more sophisticated, but spreading knowledge and awareness is one of the best ways to combat the issue. Arming yourself with a basic understanding of the dangers online can help you protect yoursel f from fraud.
Additional Resources
Sources:
1 Federal Trade Commission Latest Internet Crime Report Released
2 Pew Research Center Tech Adoption Climbs Among Older Adults
3 National Council on Aging Top 10 Financial Scams Targeting Seniors
4 United States Department of Justice Justice Department Coordinates Nationwide Elder Fraud Sweep of More Than 250 Defendants
Last time I was at an auction with my son Felix it was 1994, and he was in my stomach. Fast-forward the videotape, and he has an advertising job, finance pre-approval and a kerbside spot in front of the bloke auctioning a 1930s flat on Inkerman Street, St Kilda East.
Before proceedings two Sundays ago, we had lunch at the Galleon in St Kilda. Felix, his gorgeous partner Pip, his dad and me. Nervous and pumped, the 28-year-olds mulled tactics. Bid boldly early or wait and suss out what others have in their hand? Just roll with it, the parents said.
Inevitably, we went down the days of yore path about our first home. Buying a place was just what you did then, farewelling rentals along with single life. A Californian bungalow with big backyard and Axminster floral carpet, ours for $122,000 in 1991. Our firstborn Jack came home from hospital there, then we upgraded when Felix – later joined by Sadie – was on the way.
Our winning bid of $172,500 on a fixer-upper in Williamstown was just under double our combined income. Yeah, interest rates were higher and the house needed two renos, but the value still seems miraculous compared to what my kids and yours need to spend versus what they earn if they want to buy a place now.
Now that our three are adults, there’s lots of talk about next steps. Relationships, careers, babies. Like they did as kids, our boys still share mates, a footy team, sense of humour. Both have six-figure salaries. But they’re divided on how to live in one of the most expensive property markets on the planet.
Felix is all about buying. “The Australian dream, Mum, haven’t you heard? Although it’s hard to know if it’s your dream or what society says you should want. But it is what I want.”
Two years ago, Lix got real after a determined spending frenzy that included a tattoo gun and multiple motorbikes. He and Pip created a spreadsheet to map projected and actual savings for a deposit that was more than the total price of our first home.
One night they hosted us and Pip’s parents for dinner at their Footscray rental. Lasagne plates cleared, the real main event was served up: a presentation of their current finances, their goal and what a small chop out from us – to be repaid – would mean.
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It was a pretty good investment pitch. The four parents shared a look: this could bring us closer to grandchildren. We were all in. Adam and Denise went further, offering a rent-free room at theirs while the wannabe home owners saved.
Two research findings have struck me in the last weeks. The first: more than two in five first-time buyers need to tap into the bank of mum and dad. The second: renters who don’t buy by their early 30s are less likely to achieve home ownership later in life than their parents’ generation.
That scenario is one of Felix’s drivers. “I see buying as an inevitability, and you may as well just get it out of the way. The alternative is horrible. If you rent forever, what happens when you retire and are renting on the pension, with no housing security?”
Jack works in banking, has an economics degree, understands money. At 30, he’s a renter who “long ago gave up” on owning a home in a capital city.
“Enslaving myself to a bank – yes, I get the irony – is highly unattractive. And housing is completely overvalued, so I don’t see paying a million dollars in interest on an average property as a rational investment.”
Parental financial lifelines are beside the point, says Jack, who asks what relying on generational wealth says about our economic system: “Plus that’s conditional on me then entering a massive debt, which means a worse economic position.”
I love they’re both doing what makes sense to them. Not so great: Pip and Felix missing out at the Inkerman Street auction. It’s like waiting for a bus, we tell them. Another one will be along soon. The hardest bit, the saving, is done.
Kate Halfpenny is the founder of Bad Mother Media.
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When Fernanda Niven and Alexia Leuschen launched their home decor business, they were passionate about finding beautiful, timeless pieces. After two years as a pop-up in Bridgehampton’s gourmet market L’Épicuriste, they’ve hit their stride. “We wanted to sell things that we loved and thought were special and unique,” says Niven, whose fashion background includes a stint with Vera Wang, designing handbags and her own line of sun-protective clothing. “We never wanted people to buy our things just to have them. We wanted them to buy what they love because they’d have those pieces for a long time.”
Shoppers can swing by The Bouwerie after procuring global delicacies for their next dinner party at L’Épicuriste, and pick up items needed to make the soiree really pop. Niven says this summer’s must-haves include little LED lamps that have become popular for both indoor and outdoor at-home dining—The Bouwerie sells them along with fashionable shades, in green, white and neutral. “This summer we have wonderful napkins that we just cannot keep in stock,” Niven says. “They have a pretty fringe, and come in blue-and-white gingham, a bold green and white floral pattern. They make your table come to life.”
Niven and partner Leuschen, a decorator, make some of their own items, such as fireplace screens named after streets in Southampton. The women have been friends for about a decade, and enjoy perusing the internet for unique items to sell, and doing some buying on the road—they both love to travel. “That’s how this business came about,” Nevin says. “We both love finding these little special things around the world.”
When it came to choosing their company’s moniker, the businesswomen liked the Old World spelling of “Bouwerie,” the name of a once-beautiful, now long-gone house in Southampton. To bring it back full circle, they happen to know the grandchildren of the house’s owners. thebouwerie.com
When choosing a life insurance beneficiary, it is very important to be clear in the designations of who is going to receive the benefits after the death of the insured.
Due to specifications regarding the wording of beneficiaries, certain members of the family may be left out, while others may be unintentionally included.
It becomes especially complicated when there is an ex-spouse involved, or adopted children.
Should the beneficiary die before the insured, then a contingent receives the benefits instead.
However, this can become complicated if the contingent is a minor and no guardian has been designated. The process of determining insurance beneficiaries can be complicated, especially given the changing family situations that happen with divorce and death.
When deciding on your insurance beneficiaries, make sure the beneficiaries are clearly distinguished, with varying levels of contingents.
Specifying Your Beneficiaries
When writing out who will receive life insurance benefits upon your death, simply putting one-word designations like “spouse”, “children”, or “grandchildren” isn’t enough anymore. If you put “spouse,” then former spouses may be included in the event of a divorce. In the case that children are the beneficiaries, then which children will be included must be specified.
Are they only children from your marriage, or do children born out of wedlock count?
Also, it must be specified if adopted children are included, or the children of a spouse which you may have adopted as well. The same applies for any grandchildren. Also, if the children are minors, it is generally recommended that a guardian be appointed, as benefits aren’t usually paid to minors.
The beneficiaries can be specific, or a class. Specific beneficiaries are identified by name and relationship to the insured, while a class is identified mainly by relationship, such as “children.” If a class is chosen as a beneficiary, who belongs to that class needs to be clearly identified, as legal complications can arise if the class isn’t distinguished.
Also, it is advisable to have several levels of contingencies. In the case that a beneficiary dies, the benefits will go to the contingent.
However, if the contingency dies as well as the beneficiary, the benefits may be left in limbo, or to be disputed by other family members. That is why several contingencies must be clearly identified, as many complications can arise considering the possibilities of a changing family structure.
How Much Life Insurance Will Your Beneficiaries Need?
As important as it is to find your right beneficiary, you have to make sure that person(s) is left with enough money to cover any financial obligations you will leave behind. So let’s take a look at some of the factors that help you decide how much coverage you need to buy.
You always need to calculate your current debt situation first. The main goal of your life insurance plan is to give your family the money needed to pay off all your bills and debts. The number you come up with should be the baseline for how much coverage you start looking for.
If it’s in your budget we also suggest adding a few years worth of salary to the final total as well. Your income has helped support the family for years and a sudden loss could bring on major lifestyle changes. To stave that quick change it’s best to up the value some to provide some breathing room as they cope with a drop in household income.
Another category to account for is the funeral expenses. While you may not realize it, funerals are expensive. Funerals can come in around $10,000, and is a big expense that some might not be ready to pay. Your coverage will give your family the money that they need to fulfill your family wishes.
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Getting Affordable Life Insurance
In addition to choosing the right beneficiary, and ensuring that they will have enough money, it’s also important to get the most affordable life insurance plan available. A lot of applicants are surprised to see how cheap a life insurance plan can be, regardless of how much life insurance you need.
One of the easiest ways to get lower insurance rates is by cutting out tobacco. Users pose a much greater risk to have health problems like cancer or heart problems, which equals a greater risk to the insurance company. By mitigating that risk they’ll be charging you much more for your insurance coverage, and that charge could be twice the quoted amount.
The medical exam you’ll go through is going to show the carrier a snapshot of your overall health. If you’re overweight, then your premiums are going to be around 50% higher than a person that rates healthy. So when you know the date you want to apply its best to start living a healthier life a few months before. Eat a little cleaner, exercise a little more. These actions will keep your premiums down.
Another action is to lay off the gas pedal. When the insurance company is reviewing your application, they are going to pull your driving records. With a lengthy accident or ticket history, the carrier could see you as a high-risk applicant, which is going to translate into more expensive coverage. Slowing down on your way to work in the morning can save you hundreds of dollars every year, not to mention you won’t have to pay those expensive speeding tickets.
Our last tip is the easiest step for you. Compare, compare, compare. And you can make it even easier by working with us! We have years of experience working with quality insurance companies and we’ve helped all types of applicants get the perfect plan for you. Our status as independent agents allows us to gather as many quotes as fast as possible and present them to you in a simple form.
Explore all Possibilities with Life Insurance Beneficiaries
When deciding on life insurance beneficiaries, it is best to consider all possible situations. While it may become complex and it is grim to think of the future deaths of you or family members, all of these things do happen. Save your possible beneficiaries the trouble of having to dispute the distribution of benefits, and make sure to define the beneficiaries as specifically as possible.
Don’t use vague wording that may include or leave out people you don’t wish to.
You will want to make sure your benefits go to the intended recipients after your death. Try speaking with a life insurance advisor to determine how to properly designate your beneficiaries.