4% rule

Apache is functioning normally

As the world navigates the COVID-19 crisis together, there have been far-reaching economic impacts. With unprecedented unemployment rates and a shaky stock market, some are questioning whether or not the FIRE movement will continue to exist. 

In case you didn’t know, the FIRE (Financial Independence/Retire Early) movement is a collection of avid savers that are aggressively investing in pursuit of early retirement decades before hitting 65. With the most recent economic downturn, some critics are skeptical of the community’s ability to continue moving forward amidst continued economic uncertainty.  

What’s Ahead:

Is it still possible to retire early with the financial impact of COVID-19?

The major question that critics, and those in the FIRE community, have is whether or not is it still possible to retire early with the current economic crisis. Has COVID-19 crushed the early retirement dreams of everyone in the community?

The economic impacts of COVID-19 have been pronounced. But there is hope. There have been several examples of early retirees that are successfully navigating the financial impacts of the pandemic. Some have even taken the leap into early retirement in the midst of the COVID crisis. Even with the significant impacts of COVID-19, success stories show that it is still completely possible to retire early.

The quickly changing economic landscape can be a hurdle. But as an early retiree, you should expect several big market dips throughout early retirement. If you plan to retire for decades, it is only a matter of time before you experience a major market disruption. In fact, six major market collapses have been recorded throughout U.S. history. In those crashes, the stock market has lost over 10% of its value. These crashes remind us that investing in the stock market is fraught with risk. 

In 2008, the stock market took a scary nose dive that signaled the start of the Great Recession. At the time, the nerve-wracking sight didn’t kill early retirement dreams. With a more realistic grasp on the downside of being dependent on a paycheck during a financial crisis, many joined the FIRE movement as the economy began to recover. Since the crash in 2008, many people have been able to build their net worth and retire early successfully. 

As we live through another major economic downturn, the importance of achieving financial independence is more pronounced than ever. Although it was never easy, it is still possible to retire early. The market will likely recover at some point, just as it has throughout the rest of history. With that, retiring early should remain a possibility in your life if you want to pursue it. 

How to make sure you can still retire early

Of course, you will need to make some adjustments to compensate for the impact of this crisis. But if you are pursuing early retirement, it is still a possibility. 

If you are struggling to stay on track to your FI goal, here are some strategies that can help you create more realistic FIRE goals. 

Evaluate your investment strategy

An essential component of a successful early retirement is a carefully executed investment strategy. Since you will be relying on your investments for an income in early retirement, you must create a portfolio that accounts for your risk tolerance. Otherwise, every market dip will leave you in a panic. 

With the importance of a strong investment strategy in mind, you may want to consider using an app like Public. Public has outstanding educational tools built into the experience to help you learn more.

Many FIRE enthusiasts rely on the traditional 4% rule, which states that you can withdraw 4% of your principal balance every year. In theory, you’ll be able to safely withdraw 4% every year. But the amount that equates to can change quickly. As we saw in the dramatic market drops earlier this year, it is easy for a portfolio to lose a substantial amount of value overnight. You can lower your risk of running out of money by lowering your withdrawal rate. But if you still aren’t comfortable with that potential risk, then rebalancing your portfolio to account for your risk tolerance is a good move. 

Rebalancing to suit your priorities can be easy when using a DIY investment platform like Robinhood. With Robinhood, you can set up an investment portfolio and make trades as you wish. This can provide some peace of mind as you move forward. 

A final piece of your investment strategy that you need to evaluate is the fees. Although you may have done your research to find a low-cost taxable account, some employer-sponsored options could be riddled with fees.

Luckily, blooom can help you figure out how much you are losing to fees and how to make adjustments to minimize these fees. If you are looking for guidance surrounding your employer-sponsored plan, then check out blooom as an optimization option.

Advertiser Disclosure – This advertisement contains information and materials provided by Robinhood Financial LLC and its affiliates (“Robinhood”) and MoneyUnder30, a third party not affiliated with Robinhood. All investments involve risk and the past performance of a security, or financial product does not guarantee future results or returns. Securities offered through Robinhood Financial LLC and Robinhood Securities LLC, which are members of FINRA and SIPC. MoneyUnder30 is not a member of FINRA or SIPC.”

Beef up your emergency fund

Although a safe investment strategy is important, cash on hand will help you weather any financial storms that come your way. That is why you need to have an emergency fund on hand to cover expenses when the market is in the midst of a major downturn. 

While you are working, an emergency fund with a few months of expenses is likely sufficient. But if you are planning to leave the workforce, then a stockpile of cash to sustain you for several years might be in order. 

The exact amount of cash you keep on hand will vary based on your goals and risk tolerance. However, you should plan to keep your savings in a high yield emergency fund such as the CIT Savings Builder. The account offers a competitive interest rate to help your savings keep up with potential inflation risks. 

Look for expenses to cut

If you are a part of the FIRE community, then you likely have a somewhat frugal nature. Although you may enjoy the finer things in life, you know the difference between needs and wants. With that, you may need to take the opportunity to cut some wants out of your life. 

You may need to get creative when looking for expenses to cut. A few ideas to consider include running your errands on the way home from work to avoid additional transportation costs on the weekends, tackling your yard work without the help of a handyman, and tapping into your DIY side when you need to replace household items.

As you explore your options to cut expenses, consider enlisting the help of a service like Trim. The ‘personal finance assistant’ can help you cancel unwanted subscriptions and negotiate with bill providers to lower your monthly costs.  

Taking the opportunity to lower your expenses can help you stretch your savings farther.

Consider other income opportunities

Keeping your expenses low is one side of the FIRE equation. On the other side, a higher income can help you meet your savings goals more quickly. 

With the spike in unemployment, it may be a good time to consider broadening your income horizons. That means looking beyond your nine-five for income streams. Usually, this means investing in a cash flow positive rental property or building a new skill set to boost your income. But you should consider any side hustle opportunities that strike your fancy. You might try delivering groceries, selling home decor on Etsy, or becoming a juror in a mock online trial.

Get creative as you seek out other income ideas. You never know what life will throw your way!

Adjust your retirement timeline

Even if you slash expenses and boost your income, you may not meet your savings goals due to circumstances beyond your control. If you’ve lost your income as a result of the pandemic, then you will likely need to adjust your retirement timeline. 

Take a look at your net worth and the current amount you are able to tuck away into your investments each year. Once you have a better idea of your trajectory, you can line this up with your FI number. This should help you understand when you will be able to retire. 

However, the changing math can get tricky. With that, I would recommend using MU30’s FIRE calculator to play with your changing scenario. With your real numbers, the calculator can help you determine what you’ll need to do in order to retire early.

It is okay to make adjustments! Even if you aren’t able to retire as early as you would like to, you will likely be able to retire at some point if you work towards your goals. 

Consider flexible retirement plans

When you think about retirement, also consider the idea of scaling back on work. Flexible work arrangements can be the perfect gateway into early retirement. 

Instead of retiring completely when you reach FI, consider working part-time or switching to a passion project. You may not earn as much with these options, but you can continue beefing up your retirement savings before you make the jump into retirement. 

Plus, you can always return to the workforce if you need to. In many cases, you’ll be able to find a job if you want to start working again. But you’ll need to keep your skills sharp and resume updated if you are considering this option. 

In addition to considering different work arrangements, you may need to consider different living arrangements in early retirement. As the pandemic has illuminated, global travel can grind to a halt. With that, many early retirement dreams of globetrotting to exotic places have been put on hold. Consider where you would be happy to spend your newfound free time if you weren’t able to travel in early retirement.

Prepare for future economic downturns

Achieving financial independence will not happen overnight, it will take many years to reach that pinnacle. You will likely run into many bumps in the road on your way to retiring early. 

But the speed bumps don’t stop there! Once you’ve committed to early retirement, you will likely encounter more trying economic downturns. It is especially likely that you’ll encounter multiple downturns in your retirement since you’ll be retired for several decades!

As with this economic crisis, the solution is to remain flexible in your retirement. Depending on the extent of the economic damage, you may need to cut back on expenses or consider picking up a part-time job. That may mean that your retirement looks different than you originally envisioned. But a flexible attitude will keep your FIRE dreams alive and well in this downturn and the ones that will follow. 

Summary

The FIRE movement is based on the idea of living below your means and achieving a permanent level of financial stability. If you are currently on the path to FI, then you are likely in a better financial position than most. Hopefully, you have enough cash in your emergency fund to weather the storm and a flexible attitude that can keep your expenses in check. 

Although members of the FIRE community will need to stay agile in the coming months, the movement is not extinguished. In fact, it may burn even brighter in the future as more people crave the financial stability that many on the path to FI have attained. 

Read more:

Source: moneyunder30.com

Apache is functioning normally

Would retirement planning be easier if you had a pension?

It’s a silly question, I know. For most people, the answer is, “Yes, of course.”

Here’s a less-silly question: Did you know that you can buy a pension?

Most people I talk to don’t know that. But it’s true. If you want to, you can buy a pension from an insurance company. You can pay an insurance company a lump-sum of money, and the insurance company will promise to pay you a certain amount of money, which will adjust upward with inflation, every month for the rest of your life. (Or, if you prefer, they’ll promise to pay a smaller amount of money every month for the longer of your life or your spouse’s life.)

The technical name for such a product is a bit of a mouthful: single premium immediate inflation-adjusted lifetime annuity.

Yep, the dreaded A-word: annuity. It’s true that many types of annuities are a poor deal for investors. But I hope you’ll suspend your suspicion for a moment to see if this one particular type of annuity may be helpful for you.

They Let You Spend More Money

In addition to making retirement planning simpler (because of the predictable level of income they provide) this type of annuity has another major benefit: It can allow you to spend more per year than you can safely spend from a typical portfolio of stocks, bonds, and mutual funds.

If you’ve read much about retirement planning, you’ve probably come across the “4% rule.” That is, most retirement planning experts recommend withdrawing no more than 4% per year from your portfolio in the early stages of retirement.

Even in today’s low interest rate environment, a 65-year-old male can get a lifetime annuity paying 5.1%. And that payout will increase with inflation every year for the rest of his life. For a female of the same age, the available inflation-adjusted payout would be 4.5%. (The annual payout is lower for women because the insurance company knows that, on average, they’ll have to make payments for a longer period of time for female annuitants.)

Note: For anyone curious, these quotes came from Vanguard’s site. You can run your own numbers by going to this page and clicking the “Income Solutions” link, though you’ll need to have a Vanguard account first.

What’s the Catch?

So far, I’ve made these annuities sound like an investor’s dream come true. But that’s not exactly the case. Like anything else, they have their drawbacks.

First and most importantly: The money disappears when you die. If you retire, put your entire portfolio into a lifetime annuity, and promptly get hit by a bus, the money is gone. Your heirs do not get a dime of it. Rather, the money goes to fund the payouts on annuities for still-living annuitants. This is the reason that you cannot build your own lifetime annuity using bonds and other fixed-income investments. Lifetime annuities provide a higher payout per year than you can safely take from a typical investment portfolio because part of that income is coming from other annuitants–ones who have passed away.

The second drawback to such annuities is that they involve credit risk. Granted, insurance companies are subject to regulatory funding requirements that make it very uncommon for them to go belly-up, but that doesn’t mean it’s impossible.

Finally, lifetime annuities aren’t “liquid” in the way that stocks, bonds, and mutual funds are. If you find yourself crunched for cash, you cannot sell a piece of your annuity in the way that you could with other investments.

The Bottom Line

Because they allow for a high withdrawal rate, and because they provide predictable income, lifetime annuities can be a helpful tool for people who have under-saved and are now looking to safely draw the maximum amount of income from a portfolio. But this isn’t a retirement tip suitable for everyone.

For investors who have saved enough to be able to deal with the unpredictable returns that come with a stock/bond portfolio, lifetime annuities may not be a good fit. In addition, even if a lifetime annuity would be a good fit for you, it’s not a good idea to annuitize your entire portfolio.

Source: getrichslowly.org

Apache is functioning normally

If you’re saving for retirement, a broad market index portfolio is typically a good option. Investing in a target date fund or S&P 500 index fund, for instance, are low-cost ways to gain broad market exposure. However, newly published research indicates there may be a significantly more lucrative way to handle your nest egg.

A financial advisor can help find the right mix of investments for your retirement portfolio. Find a fiduciary advisor today.

An analysis from Dimensional Fund Advisors suggests retirement savers can do better than following the standard advice to use index funds, for instance, to get a balanced portfolio. Portfolios built with a focus on size, value and profitability premiums can generate more assets and better longevity than broad market portfolios, according to the DFA research. In fact, a DFA researcher calculated that a portfolio that emphasizes these premiums would leave a hypothetical investor with at least 20% more money by age 65, even if market returns were less than the historical average.

“These results are encouraging. A portfolio that incorporates controlled, moderate premium exposure can strike a balance between higher expected returns than the market and the cost of slightly higher volatility and moderate tracking error,” DFA’s Mathieu Pellerin wrote in his paper “How Targeting the Size, Value, and Profitability Premiums Can Improve Retirement Outcomes.”

“As a result, targeting these long-term drivers of stock returns is likely to increase assets at the beginning of retirement.”

What Are Size, Value and Profitability Premiums?

As part of its research, DFA compared the simulated performance of a broad market index portfolio – represented by the Center for Research in Security Prices (CRSP) 1-10 index – against that of the Dimensional US Adjusted Market 1 Index.

The DFA index comprises 14% fewer stocks than the CRSP index and places a greater emphasis on size, value and profitability premiums. Here’s how the firm defines each:

  • Size premium: The tendency of small-cap stocks to outperform large-cap stocks
  • Value premium: The tendency of undervalued stocks – those with low price-to-book-value ratios – to outperform
  • Profitability premium: The tendency of companies with relatively high operating profits to outperform those with lower profitability

As a result, the DFA index is more heavily weighted in small-cap and value stocks, as well as companies with higher profits.

Premiums Produce Better Retirement Outcomes

To test the long-term viability of its premium-based portfolio, DFA ran an extensive set of simulations and compared the results against the CRSP market index.

First, Pellerin calculated 40 years’ worth of hypothetical returns for each portfolio, assuming an investor starts saving at age 25 and retires at age 65. Both portfolios are part of a glide path that starts with a 100% equity allocation and beings to transition toward bonds at age 45. By age 65, the investor’s asset allocation eventually reaches a 50/50 split between stocks and bonds.

Then, he calculated how both portfolios would fare during the investor’s decumulation phase. To do this, DFA applied the 4% rule. This rule of thumb stipulates that a retiree with a balanced portfolio can withdraw 4% of their assets in their first year of retirement and adjust withdrawals in subsequent years for inflation, and have enough money for 30 years.

DFA tested the portfolios using both historical returns (8.1% per year) and more conservative returns (5% per year).

When applying the historical rate of return, the portfolio that targets premiums would be worth 22% more than the broad market portfolio by the time the hypothetical investor reaches age 65. In the lower growth environment, the DFA portfolios would still deliver 20% more median assets than its counterpart, according to the research.

The hypothetical investor would also have a lesser chance of running out of money with the DFA portfolio. Using historical returns, the premium-focused portfolio failed just 2.5% of the time over a 30-year retirement. That’s nearly half as many times as the market portfolio, which posted a 4.7% failure rate.

That spread grew even larger when Pellerin ran the simulations with more conservative return expectations. Over the course of a 30-year retirement, the DFA portfolio ran out of money in just 12.9% of simulations when annual returns averaged just 5%, while the market portfolio failed 19.9% of the time.

Bottom Line

Investing in index funds or target date funds that track the broad market can be an effective way to save for retirement, but Dimensional Fund Advisors found that targeting stocks with size, value and profitability premiums can produce better retirement outcomes. When comparing a broad market index to one that focuses on these factors, the latter produced at least 20% more median assets and had lower failure rates.

Retirement Planning Tips

  • How much will you have in savings by the time you retire? SmartAsset’s retirement calculator can help you estimate how much money you could expect to have by retirement age and how much you’ll potentially need to support your lifestyle.
  • Retirement planning can be complicated, but a financial advisor can help you through the process. Finding a financial advisor doesn’t have to be hard. SmartAsset’s free tool matches you with up to three vetted financial advisors who serve your area, and you can have a free introductory call with your advisor matches to decide which one you feel is right for you. If you’re ready to find an advisor who can help you achieve your financial goals, get started now.

Photo credit: ©iStock.com/Tinpixels, ©iStock.com/PeopleImages, ©iStock.com/adamkaz

Patrick Villanova, CEPF®
Patrick Villanova is a writer for SmartAsset, covering a variety of personal finance topics, including retirement and investing. Before joining SmartAsset, Patrick worked as an editor at The Jersey Journal. His work has also appeared on NJ.com and in The Star-Ledger. Patrick is a graduate of the University of New Hampshire, where he studied English and developed his love of writing. In his free time, he enjoys hiking, trying out new recipes in the kitchen and watching his beloved New York sports teams. A New Jersey native, he currently lives in Jersey City.

Source: smartasset.com

Apache is functioning normally

Hello, GRSers. Today, let’s revisit something I tacked on to the end of my nine lessons from The Millionaire Next Door:

[T]here are actually two benefits of learning to live on much less than your paycheck.

  • The first, of course, is that you can save more.
  • But secondly, it also means that you ultimately need to save less.

Permit me to demonstrate.

Someone who makes $50,000 but lives on just $40,000 can contribute $10,000 a year to her nest egg, and can retire when that nest egg is big enough to generate — along with Social Security and other benefits — $40,000 a year. However, someone who makes $50,000 but spends, say, $48,000 is contributing just $2,000 to a portfolio that must eventually help provide $48,000 a year in retirement. In other words, she’s saving less yet needs to accumulate more.

I thought I’d add some heft to this argument by drawing out the illustrations with some calculations (yay, math!), as well as add a third hypothetical person with a savings rate in between the aforementioned folks.

Save Now, Profit Later

Let’s assume we have three 40-year-olds who each earn $50,000. Here’s how they look in 2011:

  Investor A Investor B Investor C
Annual living expenses $40,000 $45,000 $48,000
Annual savings $10,000 $5,000 $2,000
Savings rate 20% 10% 4%
Savings rate is the percentage of income contributed toward retirement accounts.

Besides their ages and salaries, let’s assume they’ll also experience the same rate of inflation and wage growth (both 3% annually) and investment returns (8% annually). Finally, they each would like to retire at age 67, when they will be able to claim full Social Security benefits.

Note: Yes, I know we can argue about the assumed inflation rate and investment returns. Let’s not, though. They’re incidental to my main point here, which is comparing investors with different savings rates. Whatever inflation and investment returns the future holds, they will affect these investors identically.

Now, let’s fast-forward 27 years. Thanks to raises, each of our three guinea pigs earns an annual salary of $111,064. But they’ve maintained their savings rates, and thus their annual expenses (since they’re just different sides of the same 11,106,400 coins, assuming those coins are pennies). Here’s how things will look at the end of 2037.

  Investor A Investor B Investor C
Annual expenses $88,852 $99,958 $106,622
Portfolio value $1,245,623 $622,811 $249,125
Income coverage ratio 14.0 6.2 2.3
Income-coverage ratio is the portfolio value divided by annual expenses.

As you can see, the super-saver has more than a million dollars, quite a bit more than the other two investors. Furthermore, that portfolio is 14.0 times Investor A’s annual expenses; in other words, not factoring in investment growth, inflation, or any other retirement income (such as Social Security), Investor A’s portfolio could cover living expenses for fourteen years.

The other two portfolios would only last 6.2 and 2.3 years. This is mostly due to Investor A having a bigger portfolio, but it’s also due to Investor A needing less each year because she’s learned to live on a lower level of annual expenses. This is why living below your means is like saving for retirement twice: It allows you to contribute more to retirement accounts, and you can retire sooner because you need to accumulate less to cover your expenses in retirement.

Still Not Enough?

Thus ends the lesson about the whole “saving for retirement twice” concept. I hope you enjoyed the show.

For those who wish to continue, we’ll address another question: Does Investor A have enough to retire, even after saving 20% of income for 27 years? The answer: It depends. If Investor A were a real-life person on the verge of retirement, I’d recommend 1) a thorough retirement-plan analysis, and 2) a psychoanalysis of her parents for naming her Investor A. But since this is a blog post and there are plenty of funny YouTube videos to vye for your viewing (such as this one), we’ll do some simple calculations (yay, more math!). It involves two numbers:

  • Four percent of $1,245,623 or $49,825: Financial-planning geeks (and the people who love them) know the “4% rule,” which is a guideline for how much of a portfolio a retiree can spend in the first year of retirement. It’s just a rule of thumb, with plenty of quibbles. (For an explanation and some of the criticisms, read this from Vanguard’s John Ameriks.) But it serves as a good baseline for our purposes.
  • The future, inflated, annualized value of Social Security benefits, or $55,668: That’s the number I got from using the Quick Calculator from Social Security Online.

Add them together, and you get $105,493 — a good bit more than the $88,852 Investor A needs to cover living expenses. Perhaps she, being the great saver that she is, could retire before age 67.

But wait! That assumes she’ll receive her full Social Security benefit as currently estimated, and everyone knows that the program is bankrupt and all she’ll receive is “10% off” coupons from Denny’s. That leaves her with just that $49,825 — only half of what she needs.

Well, not quite. As I’ve written before in these cyber-pages, you will receive something from Social Security — but it’s prudent to assume it’ll be less than currently projected. The Social Security Administration estimates that future payroll taxes will cover approximately 75% of scheduled benefits in 2037. Let’s play it safer and assume Investor A will get just half of her benefit, or $27,834, for a total retirement income of $77,659. That’s still less than $88,852.

This is where that “thorough retirement-plan analysis” would come in. Could Investor A get by on less than $88,852? Can she downsize to a smaller home? Could she work just a few years more (by delaying Social Security to age 70, her benefit will be more than a third higher than if she takes it at age 67) or work part-time (and thus retire part-time)? She likely has a few options, which are more numerous and will entail less sacrifice than those available to Investor B and Investor C.

But even they have more options than Investor D, whose situation looks like this:

  Investor D
Savings Rate 0%
Portfolio value $0
Chance of retiring 0%

If you can’t save 20% or even 10% of your income, save what you can, as soon as you can. You’ll always be better off than someone who doesn’t save anything.

Source: getrichslowly.org

Apache is functioning normally

My monthly Extraordinary Lives series is something that I really enjoying doing. First up was JP Livingston, who retired with a net worth over $2,000,000 at the age of 28. Today’s interview is with Jeremy, Winnie, and Julian, also known as the family behind Go Curry Cracker.

With the goal of traveling around the world, Jeremy and Winnie were in their 30s when they retired around six years ago. Their 3-year-old son travels with them and has already been to 29 countries as well!

They were able to do this by saving intensively – over 70% of their after-tax income.

In this interview, you’ll learn:

  • How they retired in their 30s.
  • What made them want to retire early.
  • How they live comfortably, rent houses with private pools, fly business class, and travel a ton – as opposed to the myth that early retirees are boring and just eat beans and rice to survive.
  • How they decided on the amount they needed to retire.
  • What they do about health insurance in early retirement.

And more! This interview is jam packed full of great information!

I asked you, my readers, what questions I should ask them, so below are your questions (and some of mine) about their story and how they accomplished so much. Make sure you’re following me on Facebook so you have the opportunity to submit your own questions for the next interview.

Related content:

 

1. Tell me your story. When did you retire and HOW?!

We are Jeremy, Winnie, and Julian, also known as the family behind Go Curry Cracker!

Winnie and I retired about six years ago with the goal of traveling the world. Traveling more in retirement is a pretty common goal, so I suppose the interesting bits are that we were still in our 30s and our 3-year-old son has now been to 29 countries.

What made our location and financially independent lifestyle possible was a decade of intensive saving – we were literally saving 70%+ of our after-tax income. Instead of buying stuff or experiences, we were investing in our future freedom.

Alas, we had already succumbed to some lifestyle inflation so we sold the house and moved into a small apartment, sold the car and started walking and riding bicycles, and turned our home kitchen into the best restaurant in town.

Unwinding lifestyle inflation is a huge mental challenge, but we both grew up on the edge of poverty so we had some experience with prioritizing purchases and finding solutions that didn’t require money. Nowadays, our investments pay all of our bills, and we could buy a house, buy a car, live a typical life… we just happen to not want those things.

Instead, for the past many years, we’ve basically spent the summer in Europe, autumn in the US, and winter in Asia. It’s not quite a perpetual summer vacation, but close.

2. Was early retirement always something you were striving for? What made you want to retire early?

Prior to 2002, we were both essentially following the normal life script – go to school, get good grades, get a job, etc… Maybe the only unconventional thing is I had student loan payoff as the #1 priority. Every story I heard about debt while growing up had a tragic ending, so I wanted to be debt free ASAP. I even cashed out all of my vacation time for five years or so to get extra pay. We also did crazy things like using 0% interest credit card offers to accelerate student loan payoff. Literally every extra penny went to the student loans.

When I finally got my head above water, I took a vacation, my first as an adult. After three weeks of scuba diving, fresh seafood, and tropical drinks, I looked back at where life in the real world was headed and thought, “This is it? This is the American Dream?”

Within six months the house and car were gone and the early retirement plan was underway.

3. Would you say that you live comfortably?

If by comfortably you mean do we rent houses with private pools, fly business class, and enjoy an occasional Michelin Star restaurant, then yeah, that sounds about right. Combined with 52 weeks of vacation per year and full autonomy, we are probably at an above average comfort level.

That may sound a little smug, for which I apologize, but I think it is important to truly understand the power of deferred consumption. We can only live as we do today because we didn’t live like this yesterday.

By living well beneath our means for just a small part of our total lifetimes (10 years +/-), something many would consider “uncomfortable”, we are now able to live well above the standards of even high-income households – just without the need to consume all of our waking hours with a high-income job.

In summary – yeah, life is good.

4. What career did you have before you retired? Did that career help you to retire earlier?

Winnie was a Program Manager for a large PC company, and I was an Engineer at a large software company.

I do wish we had those insane technology salaries that I sometimes hear about in the news, but our average combined income over our hardcore saving years was only about $135k. I guess I should have studied harder.

I think more than the job, my degree helped us retire early. I basically applied engineering principles to our finances and our lifestyle, trying to optimize for quality of life and low expenses. I then used that same mentality in designing our investment portfolio (100% index funds) and minimizing our taxes ($100k income with $0 income tax.) If I had studied art history or interior design, I probably would have thought about these things from an entirely different perspective, perhaps one that required more expensive furnishings.

5. What advice do you have for the average person that doesn’t make six figures a year who wants to retire early? 

The core principle to follow is living well beneath your means, aiming for at least 50% savings rates. Or in 1950s parlance, live off one income and save the other. This recipe for financial success has worked for much of recorded history.

Of course, this is easier when making $100k than it is when making $10k, all else being equal.

For many average income households, it helps to change perspective:
It isn’t that we can’t afford to save 50%, it is that we can’t afford our current lifestyle.

This is where we were when we got started, and some tough choices are ahead… it is necessary to either earn more, spend less, or wait (much) longer. Or all 3.

For households with incomes well below average, such as our families when we were growing up, it is absolutely necessary to grow income. Public assistance can help for a while (I’ve eaten a fair amount of government cheese), but ultimately skill development and probably even relocation to a job center are necessary.

6. Do you still earn an income in retirement?

We do. With all of this free time, it is fairly difficult to NOT do something that brings in some extra cash.

Last year Winnie published her first book (in Mandarin / Chinese) which was on the bestseller list in Taiwan for a while. About three years ago, Go Curry Cracker accidentally started to earn some affiliate income. I now actually try to run the site as a business, but limit myself to just a few hours per week.

I also employ a pretty aggressive long-term tax minimization strategy, which saves us thousands of dollars every year in taxes. I suppose that can also be thought of as extra income. We’ve actually reported about $100k annual income each of the last five years with income tax bills of $0.

For anybody who is interested, I do publish our full income statements and tax returns (business and personal) every year (linked to above). A lot of people have found those helpful to optimize their own finances.

7. How did you decide how much you needed to retire?

We set a target to have an investment portfolio worth 25x our desired cost of living in Seattle, where we were living at the time, although we were spending much less to turbocharge our savings.

25x is just the standard 4% Rule, which (in oversimplified terms) says you can annually spend an inflation adjusted 4% of your portfolio, probably forever. So, say if you wanted to spend $40k/year, you would need $1 million. That was our minimum.

When we hit that target, Winnie stopped working, and I continued on for about three more years, during which we were just living off dividends, so we were essentially investing 100% of my paycheck.

We also wanted the portfolio to continue to grow so we could leave a bit of a legacy, so even after we stopped working, we wanted to continue living beneath our means. We did this by living large in Mexico and Guatemala rather than Paris or Tokyo. And as luck would have it, the stock market performance over the past five years has been pretty good, so our portfolio just continues to grow, and we can’t spend it fast enough.

8. What sacrifices or hard decisions did you have to make?

This may sound cliché, but I don’t think of anything we did as a sacrifice – we just employed a suggestion my grandmother used to make all the time, “Hey there, you hold onto your britches now young man!” Roughly translated from the original Minnesotan, I think that means “slow down.” In other words, hold off on the lifestyle inflation for a while.

When people rush out to buy their dream house (with rented money) or a new car or a big vacation, they are sacrificing their future for immediate consumption. We just waited a little longer, and along the way we discovered that none of those trappings of success have any real meaning to us.

But of course, when society and advertisers are screaming at you that you need to consume and upgrade, it can be difficult to pause and reconsider. We avoided a lot of that by not owning a television and using the great outdoors for entertainment.

9. What do you do about health insurance in early retirement?

For many years, we were self-insured and just paid cash for any medical needs. We paid $3 for a doctor visit in Mexico, $20 for some dental care in Thailand, $50 for a chest X-ray in Taiwan, and $90 for a visit to the emergency room in Portugal. Medical tourism is your friend. What we weren’t spending on health insurance, we invested in more index funds, building our own healthcare fund.

If we were in the US, we would buy health insurance on the State or Federal Health Exchanges. The US health system is all kinds of messed up, so without insurance you are only one minor incident from total financial devastation.

As of about six months ago, we are now all covered by the Taiwan national health system, which is a single payer universal healthcare provider. We pay about $25/person/month for great coverage, which includes dental. (Hot tip: marry somebody from a country with a good health system.)

10. Will you be planning a place for your child to make long term friendships and connections? Do you plan to continue travel when your child is school age?

We like the idea of homeschooling up to age 10 or 12 or so, but we are still figuring it out. Even so, it probably won’t be all or nothing (Julian is enrolled part time in a Montessori pre-school now.)

The pros/cons of life-in-place vs nomadic living is such an interesting discussion for us, because we are inherently a global family (our nuclear families are spread across 2 countries, 3 States, and 6 cities) and despite our very different backgrounds, we independently concluded that the idea of “home” for us isn’t really a place.

Our thinking comes from our existing communities – Winnie grew up in a big city (Taipei), and she has friends from back in the 3rd grade who all have kids around the same age as Julian. When we are in Taiwan, we all get together and it is like they never missed a beat. It’s a beautiful thing.

I grew up in a small town in Minnesota, and 99% of my childhood / high-school friends and family moved away for college and career. There is literally no one place I can go where all long-term friendships and connections exist, and yet I have them, just spread around the world. It’s also a beautiful thing.

We try to get quality time with all of our family every year, which is much easier now that we don’t have jobs. 2 years ago, we had 4 generations together for a week on a lake, with Grandma, my parents, my sister and 2 brothers and spouses, and their 9 kids. This year we took my Mom and Grandma on an Alaska Cruise, and also spent a couple weeks with all of Julian’s cousins. Next year will be something special again, and we all stay in touch via Skype. We also plan on having more kids, which means sibling connections.

What we do will change and evolve as we learn more and figure things out, but overall, we’ll listen to our kids, make sure we have regular quality time with family, and stay connected with friends and family via Skype. And everywhere we go, we build community with friends, family, and other adventurers. I think it will be the same for the next generation.

11. What hardships come up when traveling with a child and what do you do about it?

The hardships of traveling with a child are largely the same as the hardships of parenting. Kids have needs and wants, and if they aren’t addressed in a timely fashion then chaos ensues. As with most things, an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure – and even then, things go awry.

Where most families have to balance child rearing with a career and fixed schedules, we have a great deal of flexibility. Seldom are we schedule driven, and when we are (e.g. a flight departure time) we avoid other commitments. We also aren’t doing the quick 1 week vacation thing, with a lot of time getting from A to B and a whirlwind of tours and activities; that’s much too intense and exhausting. We are more so living our normal lives, just in different locations. We play at the park daily, take naps, explore by foot, and enjoy the local delicacies. If we are having too much fun at the park, we can always see the museum tomorrow. Somehow, we usually manage to see the highlights.

Since we aren’t always in one location with a regular schedule, we focus on having routine in the absence of routine. We have regular toys, regular nap time, and a bedtime ritual which involves a bath, songs, and books. Plus we all co-sleep, so we are together 24/7. It’s hard to provide a stronger sense of security than parental presence.

It all seems to be going well; Julian is a happy, healthy, normal kid. He loves being outside exploring, enjoys meeting new people, and is always ready for the next plane, train, or automobile.

12. If you were starting back in the beginning, what would you do differently from the beginning?

We made a lot of mistakes… buying a house, buying a car, spending money without a long-term plan, but I don’t know if I would change any of them. Those mistakes helped us grow and appreciate where we are today. For example, we are Renters for Life, but we probably wouldn’t really appreciate the total joy and financial advantages that come with not owning a deteriorating wooden box.

If I could go back in time and tell my younger self, “Hey, read this Go Curry Cracker blog, you’ll learn a lot!” we could probably have become Financially Independent 3 to 5 years earlier. That’s a lot, considering my entire career was only 16 years, but it’s not that that much in an 80 – 100 year life span.

But, what I would do differently:

  • invest only in index funds from the beginning
  • not waste my time dabbling in rental properties
  • always live within biking distance of work and prioritize biking and walking
  • always rent
  • learn to cook well sooner
  • start travel hacking sooner instead of paying for vacations

13. Lastly, what is your very best tip (or two) that you have for someone who wants to reach the same success as you?

Design your life so that saving a high percentage of income is the natural and ordinary outcome.

Aim for saving 50%+ of after-tax income, and minimize taxes

Do you have goals of retiring early?

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Source: makingsenseofcents.com

Apache is functioning normally

Are you interested in early retirement? Today, I have a great interview with Kristy Shen, who retired with $1,000,000 at the age of 31.

You probably know Kristy from the blog Millennial Revolution. Millennial Revolution is a popular early retirement resource, so I’m excited to share this interview with you on how she reached early retirement.

In this interview, you’ll learn:

  • How they calculated how much money to save
  • What made them want to retire early
  • Whether they live comfortably or not
  • How much time they spend traveling
  • The careers they had before early retirement
  • The sacrifices they had to make

And more!

This interview is packed full of valuable information on reaching early retirement.

Enjoy!

Related content:

1. Tell me your story. Who are you and what do you do? Can you go into detail on how much you saved for early retirement, how you chose that amount, etc.?

We are Kristy and Bryce, and we are world-travelling early retirees, having left the rat race in our early 30s back in 2015.

We were both working as computer engineers, but after almost a decade of trying to follow the “traditional career path” of buying a house and working until we’re 65 to pay it off, we realized that those old rules didn’t really work for our generation and we tried something different.

So we saved and invested our money instead, and when our portfolio hit $1,000,000, we retired and never looked back.

2. Can you explain how early retirement works? What is the 4% rule?

The 4% rule states that if you retire and start withdrawing your 4% of your portfolio, each year adjusting for inflation, you will statistically never run out of money.

It was based on something called the Trinity study that looked at historical stock market data and tried to figure out the safe amount to withdraw in retirement that won’t deplete your savings. 4% is the answer they come up with, and we used that as a target for how much we needed to have in order to retire early.

We knew that our annual spending was $40,000, so that means our Financial Independence target was $1,000,000, because $1,000,000 x 4% = $40,000.

3. When did you begin saving for early retirement?

We were saving the moment we started to work, but it wasn’t initially for early retirement.

As I mentioned before, we spent the first half of our careers trying to save up to buy a house, but because we live in a high cost-of-living city (Toronto), real estate just kept getting more and more expensive even as we tried to save up for a down payment.

Eventually, we got sick of playing what we thought was a rigged game and started looking for something else to do with our money.

When we stumbled across the FIRE movement, that was our “aha” moment, because we realized that at our current trajectory we could either spend our money on a house and then spend decades trying to pay it off, or hit our FI target and retire in just 3 years.

It was a no brainer.

4. What made you want to retire early?

Besides the frustration of the real estate market, something happened at my work that really crystallized my decision to retire.

Out of the blue, one of my co-workers collapsed and nearly died at his desk. The ambulance had to be called and he needed to be rushed to the ER. He had been working 12 hour days continuously for months, and the doctors told him that his health was so bad that it was equivalent to him smoking 2 packs of cigarettes a day, despite the fact that he’d never smoked.

And the most eye-opening thing about that whole experience was that rather than making any changes to his lifestyle, he was back at work just 2 weeks later because he couldn’t afford to stop working and paying his mortgage.

That’s when I realized how messed up my priorities were.

5. Would you say that you live comfortably?

Absolutely.

FIRE isn’t about sacrificing your happiness for money. If it were, it wouldn’t be sustainable. Instead, it’s more about being strategic and making conscious decisions in how you spend. For example, when we were working, we would still spend money taking 2 vacations a year because travel was (and still is) important to us.

On the other hand, owning a car wasn’t important, so we relied on public transportation instead. Now that we’re retired, we travel the world teaching other people how to pull off FIRE themselves.

We also discovered that travelling the world is less expensive than living in a North American major metropolitan city.

6. How much do you spend traveling each year? What do you spend your money on these days?

Before the pandemic, we basically lived nomadically and hopped from country to country every month, so for us travel is not so much an expense as it is just part of how we live. Since we left, we were surprised to find that travelling isn’t nearly as expensive as when we were working.

By using AirBnbs and HomeExchanges to live like a local and spending time in lower cost-of-living areas like Southeast Asia and Eastern Europe, we were able to make living nomadically cost less than living in a high cost-of-living city all year, which is about $40,000 a year for the two of us for the 6 years since retiring. Once the pandemic happened, we had to come back to Toronto for a family emergency.

We thought our living expenses would skyrocket (especially given the rise in inflation) but surprisingly, our expenses plummeted in the last 2 years to $34,000 (2020) and $39,000 (2021) due to lockdowns. This year we’re projected to spend $42,000.

We love spending money on travel, eating out, massages, and walking tours.

7. What career did you have before you retired? Do you think you have to have a high income in order to retire early?

We’re both computer engineers. I worked in finance and Bryce worked in a semiconductor company.

Having a high income definitely helps, but it’s still possible even if you don’t make that high a salary, and we’ve featured readers on our blog that are on their way to achieving financial independence as teachers, nurses, plumbers, and all sorts of other professions.

One reader even went from homeless and unemployed to $100K net worth in just 1 year by following our strategy.

With the recent popularity of remote work, more options are opening up for people to super-charge their savings by moving to a lower-cost city and baking the difference, so if anything early retirement is becoming more accessible to more people as time goes on.

8. Do you still earn an income in early retirement?

I’ve always wanted to be a writer since I was a kid, but I had to put my dreams on hold to pursue a practical career that makes money, but once we left we could focus on actually making my dream a reality.

So we created our blog Millennial-Revolution.com, and we wrote a book Quit Like a Millionaire. To our complete surprise, both projects now make money, but we continue relying on our initial $1M portfolio to fund our day-to-day living expenses and treat any extra income we earn in retirement as fun money.

9. What sacrifices or hard decisions did you have to make to reach early retirement?

It was really hard bucking what I like to call the “cult of home ownership,” not just because we lived in Toronto where everyone is obsessed with owning real estate, but also because I’m Chinese, where owning a home is such an important part of my culture that it’s considered unthinkable not to buy a house.

I fought with my parents about that so much that we basically stopped talking for the first year of my retirement.

Our relationship has improved since then, but it was really difficult for me at the time to basically be the only one doing this in my group of friends and family, but now that I did it, I now know it was the best decision I’ve ever made.

10. What do you do for health insurance in early retirement?

When you travel, medical care is not nearly as expensive as back home, so a monthly travel insurance policy really isn’t that expensive.

For example, we’re currently using a company called Safetywing and insurance costs $42 USD a month.

If you have to live in the US, you would be eligible for federal government subsidies to pay for your insurance from the Affordable Care Act (ACA) since your earned income would drop to $0 after retirement.

11. What are your long-term plans now that you are retired?

More writing, travelling and teaching people about FIRE.

We also have the time and space to help out with family members whenever health issues come up.

12. If you were starting back at ground zero, what would you do differently?

I wouldn’t have wasted so much time chasing after a house like everyone else, but all things considered I think we actually avoided many of the mistakes that trip a lot of people up, like getting into a ton of student debt or picking the wrong career, so I can’t complain too much.

I would say, we probably should’ve started investing earlier and not sat on the sidelines after 2008, trying to save up money to buy a house.

This made us miss out on years of investment gains.

13. Lastly, what is your very best tip (or two) that you have for someone who wants to reach the same success as you?

If you want to retire early, surround yourself with people who are also on a similar life path because those people will sustain you on your journey.

When I was doing this, the FIRE community wasn’t as big (or well organized) as it is today. Now, there are FIRE meetups all over the world, so find your local group and introduce yourself. It’s also a good idea to start learning how to invest as soon as possible.

You can learn via our free, step-by-step investment workshop and our book Quit Like a Millionaire.

Are you interested in early retirement? Why or why not?

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Source: makingsenseofcents.com

Apache is functioning normally

Save more, spend smarter, and make your money go further

Are you tired of having credit card bills? Do you wish you could get out of debt once and for all?

If you want get out of debt permanently, first consider this: Debt is not a financial problem. Hard to believe, but true.

Debt is actually a personal problem that masquerades in financial clothing. That is why so many people have persistent problems with debt. They look outward for financial solutions, when the true solution is found by looking inward.

Planning a Permanent Debt Solution

Defining your debt problem correctly is critical to solving it.

That is where most debtors run into trouble. They mistakenly define debt as a financial problem and develop financial solutions. That is why their debt returns shortly after paying it off. They fail to identify the root cause of debt, opening the door to repeating the vicious cycle.

For a debt solution to be effective your plan of attack needs to be based on principles that actually work. Unfortunately, when you just pay off your balances you relieve the pain, but the underlying condition that put you in debt in the first place still lurks under the surface, ready to return.

Let’s face it, the real causes of overspending are your personal habits and attitudes. In other words, the true solution is personal — not financial. That is a key, and understanding this principle is what will make or break your success in slaying the debt monster for good.

Masking The Problem

When you get a headache what is the logical response? You reach to the medicine cabinet for immediate pain relief. Unfortunately, the various pills do nothing to cure the underlying disease: they merely treat the symptom. The cause could be excessive stress, brain cancer, dehydration, eye strain, or any number of other issues. By taking a pill you’ve treated the symptom — not the underlying cause.

The same is true with debt. Everyone knows they need to make more and spend less to solve their debt problems. So they pursue financially driven solutions to relieve financial symptoms. It seems logical on the surface.

Whether you choose to consolidate your credit card debt to lower interest rates or you choose any of the quick-payoff strategies (inheritance, gift, sell an asset, bankruptcy, home equity line of credit, or refinancing), the reality is you are treating the symptom and not creating a lasting cure.

Your financial problems are merely the accumulated reflection of the many small financial mistakes you are making on a daily basis — often without knowing any better. That’s why teaching a debtor to spend less and earn more is like telling someone to lose weight by eating less and exercising more. Everyone already knows that is the answer. The difficult part is not knowing what to do, but actually getting it done. The solution lies in your daily habits and attitudes.

[Related Article: 3 People Who Dug Out of Deep Debt]

Money Breakthroughs

I first discovered this approach to debt recovery in my work as a money coach. I started out making the same mistakes as everyone else. I thought debt problems were financial, so I coached my clients to financial solutions. The lackluster results proved it was the wrong approach.

The breakthrough came when I noticed my wealthy clients had mirror opposite attitudes and behaviors compared to my get-out-of-debt clients. For example:

  • My wealthy clients viewed their financial situation from a position of self-responsibility, whereas my debt clients were victims of their finances.
  • My wealthy clients planned their finances, but my debt clients had no plan.
  • My wealthy clients organized their plans around delayed gratification, whereas my debt clients pursued instant gratification.
  • My wealthy clients associated their self-worth with intrinsic values, while my debt clients associated self-worth with extrinsic stuff.

These are just 4 examples from a long list of opposing traits. They are guidelines or tendencies that generally hold true. While there may be personal variation, on the whole the patterns were unmistakable. These mirror opposite attitudes produced mirror opposite financial results in life.

[Related Article: 7 Ways to Avoid a Debt Relapse]

Amazingly,when I applied these principles, coaching habitudes instead of specific financial actions, the debt problems solved themselves over time.

This is obvious when you think about it. Your daily financial decisions result from your habits and attitudes that drive those decisions. For example, consider the following choices and their obvious financial implications:

  • Do you buy fancy coffees throughout the day or do you make a pot of your favorite coffee in the morning and bring it with you?
  • Do you lease a new car every few years or maintain your reliable used car?
  • Do you dine out frequently or cook healthy meals at home?
  • Are you a minimalist or do you desire the latest designer fashions?
  • Do you shop to get what you need or do you shop for pleasure and recreation?

When you focus on financial solutions, you treat the symptom instead of the cause. When you focus on your attitudes and habits, you focus on the cause, and the symptom takes care of itself automatically without any self-discipline.

Let me be clear — this isn’t a quick fix. The results you produce from this approach will occur gradually over time. Just as it took time to accumulate the debt, it takes time to unwind it when you work with root causes.

However, the solutions are as permanent as the new attitudes and habits you adopt — and that makes all the difference.

The truth is the financial results of your life aren’t dependent upon how much money you make. Instead, they depend on how well you manage the money you already have. This article series will show you the easiest way to adopt wealthy habits and attitudes and be smarter with your money so that you can get out of debt — permanently.

[Related Article: 5 Ways to Get Out of Debt: Which Will Work for You?]

Todd Tresidder is a financial coach and consumer advocate. His unconventional take on worn financial topics has appeared in the Wall Street Journal, Investor’s Business Daily, Smart Money magazine, Yahoo Finance, and more. He’s authored 5 financial education books including How Much Money Do I Need To Retire?, Variable Annuity Pros and Cons, and the 4% Rule and Safe Withdrawal Rates In Retirement. 

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