In most cases, cosigners are not listed on the title unless they are also listed as co-owners of the vehicle. Typically, it depends on the laws and regulations of your specific jurisdiction.
If you’re having trouble getting a car loan, using a cosigner could help. Before you take this step, it’s important to understand what a cosigner is and how having one on your car loan works. For instance, is a cosigner on the title of a vehicle?
It’s crucial to understand the role cosigners play when purchasing a vehicle. In this article, we’ll cover what you need to know about using a cosigner and the impact it could have on your credit and vehicle ownership.
What Is a Cosigner?
A cosigner is a person, usually a close friend or family member, who agrees to be responsible for repaying your car loan if you fail to do so. Lenders are more willing to approve a car loan with a cosigner because it reduces the risk of nonpayment.
During the application process, the cosigner provides their information, including their name, income details, and Social Security number. The lender uses this information to check their creditworthiness when considering the loan. Even if you have bad credit or no credit, you may still be approved for an auto loan based on your cosigner’s credit history.
Once approved for a loan, both you and your cosigner are listed as borrowers. Additionally, both parties must sign all paperwork associated with the loan. Signing these loan documents makes both you and your cosigner responsible for repaying the loan.
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In most cases, the cosigner isn’t listed on the title of the vehicle. The cosigner only pertains to the financial portion of the transaction and is not an owner of the car.
This makes it a risky transaction for the cosigner because while they’re financially responsible for the car loan, they don’t receive any benefits (aside from potentially helping their credit). This means that if the actual owner of the car fails to make payments, the cosigner could end up paying off the loan without having any ownership of the car.
Cosigners who are hesitant to make this type of commitment may request that their name be on the title of the vehicle as added protection. In some cases, a cosigner’s name may be added to the title. However, this must be done during the initial lending process as most creditors aren’t willing to make this change after the loan documents are signed.
In many cases, if a cosigner insists their name be listed on the title, it becomes a co-ownership process rather than a cosigner. In these cases, both parties are part of the lending and purchasing process. Depending on how the title of the vehicle is handled, the original purchaser of the car may have trouble selling the vehicle without the co-owner’s permission.
Impact on Owner’s Credit
If you have bad or limited credit, using a cosigner on a car loan can have a positive impact on your credit score—as long as you make your loan payments on time each month.
Your payment history accounts for up to 35% of your overall FICO® credit score, making it extremely important. Because many car lenders do report payments to the major credit reporting agencies, including TransUnion®, Equifax®, and Experian®, consistent, on-time payments can really help improve your credit.
However, if you miss one or more payments or frequently make late payments, it can have the opposite effect on your credit. It’s crucial that you set a realistic budget before you start shopping for cars.
Obtaining a car loan can also help diversify your credit, especially if you don’t already have an installment loan, such as a home mortgage or personal loan. Your credit mix can account for up to 10% of your FICO credit score. So, building a good mix of credit and maintaining a good payment history can help improve your credit health.
Impact on Cosigner’s Credit
Before agreeing to be a cosigner for a car loan, you should consider the impact this decision could have on your credit.
Applying for a car loan will incur one or more hard inquiries on your credit. This factor could temporarily hurt your credit.
As a cosigner, the entire debt of the car loan appears on your credit report. This new loan will likely increase your credit utilization ratio, which could negatively impact your credit score. Most experts recommend keeping this ratio below 30% if possible. Before you sign for the loan, take the time to calculate your credit utilization and make sure that even with the addition of a new loan, your rate is below this threshold.
Finally, if the owner of the car makes on-time payments every month, cosigning this loan can have a positive impact on your credit. However, if your credit is high enough to be a cosigner, you may already have a strong payment history. In this case, being a cosigner likely won’t have a big impact on your credit.
However, if the owner fails to make payments or makes late payments, it could impact both your credit and your wallet. Because your payment history accounts for as much as 35% of your overall FICO credit score, just a few missed payments could have a significant impact on your credit. Additionally, if the owner fails to make payments, you’re then responsible for making them—even if that means paying off the remainder of the loan. You should never cosign for a car loan unless you can comfortably make these payments.
Alternative Options
Before asking someone to be a cosigner, you should consider other options, such as:
Making a bigger down payment. If you’re having trouble securing a car loan, consider offering a bigger down payment. This may help you get the car you want by lowering the risk to the lender.
Looking for cheaper cars. If you don’t qualify for a new car, consider buying a used car. Most consumers can find some type of car loan even with bad credit—it just may be for a car of lower value.
Requesting a personal loan. If your friends or family members are hesitant to cosign a loan for you, maybe they can loan you the money to buy a more affordable car. This step could be less risky for the lender.
Building your credit. If buying a car isn’t an emergency, you can take time to build your credit and apply for a car loan later.
The first step to improving your credit is to check your credit score and report, and then you can take the necessary steps for your situation specifically. Credit.com’s Free Credit Report Card or ExtraCredit® subscription can help you get started with this process.
When researching personal loans, you may see the terms APR (Annual Percentage Rate) and interest rate used interchangeably. However, they are not the same thing. The interest rate refers to the cost of borrowing money, expressed as a percentage of the principal amount, but it doesn’t include any other fees or charges.
APR, on the other hand, includes not only the interest rate but also other fees and charges you may incur when borrowing money. This makes the APR a more important number to look at that interest rate.
Read on for a closer look at APR vs interest rate, what it means when these two numbers are different, and what it means when they are the same.
What Is Interest?
Interest is the cost you pay for the privilege of taking out a loan — the money you’ll owe along with the principal, or the amount of money you’re borrowing.
Interest is expressed in a rate: a percentage that indicates what proportion of the principal you’ll pay on top of the principal itself. Interest may be simple — charged only against the principal balance — or compound — charged against both the principal balance and accrued interest itself. Typically, personal loan rates are an expression of simple interest. 💡 Quick Tip: Before choosing a personal loan, ask about the lender’s fees: origination, prepayment, late fees, etc. SoFi personal loans come with no-fee options, and no surprises.
Loan APR vs Interest Rate
So what’s the difference between an APR vs. an interest rate?
APR stands for Annual Percentage Rate and specifically designates how much you’ll spend, as a proportion of the principal, over the course of one year. Furthermore, the APR includes any additional charges on top of interest, such as origination or processing fees, which a straight interest rate does not.
In other words, APR is a specific type of interest rate expression — one that’s more inclusive of additional costs.
Interest Rate
APR
Expression of how much will be paid back to the lender in addition to repaying the principal balance
Expression of how much will be paid back to the lender in addition to repaying the principal balance
Includes interest only
Expresses cost of the loan over one year including any additional costs, such as origination fees
Why Is My Personal Loan APR Different Than the Interest Rate?
If your personal loan’s APR differs from its interest rate, that indicates that there are additional fees, such as origination fees, included in the total amount you’re being charged. If there were no fees, the APR and interest rate would be identical.
How Important Is APR vs Interest Rate?
A loan’s APR is generally more important than its interest rate because APR reflects the true cost of the loan — it accounts for interest as well as any fees tacked on by the lender. Looking at APR also allows you to compare two loan offers apples to apples. One loan may have a lower interest rate than another loan but if the lender tacks on high fees, then it may not actually be the better deal.
APR vs Interest Rate on Revolving Credit Accounts
Personal loans aren’t the only financial product that involve APR and interest rate. Revolving credit accounts — including credit cards — also have interest rates expressed as APR. However, with credit cards, these two rates are one and the same: APR is just the interest rate, and the terms can be used interchangeably.
Credit card issuers may charge other fees, e.g., cash advance fees, late fees, or balance transfer fees as applicable to individual usage. But it’s impossible to predict the type or amount of fees that might be charged to any one card holder.
Although these two expressions are the same, it’s important to understand that the interest rate on credit cards and other revolving credit accounts is usually compound interest, which is precisely why it can be so easy to spiral into credit card debt. When interest is charged on the interest you’ve already accrued, the total goes up quickly.
A single credit card account can have multiple APRs, depending on how the credit is used.
• Purchase APR: the standard APR for general purchases.
• Cash advance APR: the rate charged for cash advances made to the card holder.
• Balance transfer APR: may begin as a low or zero promotional rate, but increase after the introductory period ends.
• Penalty APR: may be charged if a payment is late by a predetermined number of days.
💡 Quick Tip: With average interest rates lower than credit cards, a personal loan for credit card debt can substantially decrease your monthly bills.
What Is a Good Interest Rate for a Personal Loan?
The interest rate on your personal loan — or any financial product — will vary based on a wide variety of factors, including your personal financial history (such as your credit score and income) as well as which lender you choose, how big the loan is, and whether or not it’s secured with collateral.
The average personal loan rate is currently about 12% APR. However, the rate you receive could be higher or lower, depending on your financial situation and the lender you choose.
Getting a Good APR on a Personal Loan
To get the best rate on your personal loan, there are some financial factors you can influence over time. Here are some action items to consider.
Improving Your Credit
It’s been said before, but it’s true: the higher your credit score, generally the better your chances are of achieving favorable loan terms and lower interest rates — not to mention qualifying for the loan at all. While there are loans out there for borrowers with bad credit and fair credit, improving your credit profile can make borrowing money more affordable.
Paying Down Your Debts
One way you may be able to improve your credit is to pay down your debts. And along with the opportunity to bolster your credit, paying down debt can also improve your chances of being approved for a loan because your debt-to-income ratio is one factor lenders look at when qualifying you for a loan. What’s more, paying down debt can make keeping up with your monthly loan payments a lot easier, since you’ll have more leeway in your budget.
Be Careful When Applying for Credit
Applying for too much credit at once can be a red flag for lenders and ding your credit score, so if you’re getting ready to apply for a personal loan, auto loan, or mortgage, try to limit how many times you’re having your credit score pulled. Typically, prequalifying for a loan involves a soft credit pull, which won’t impact your credit.
While credit scoring models do allow for rate shopping, it’s still a good idea to compare multiple lenders over a limited amount of time — a 14-day period is recommended — to find the lender that works best for your financial needs. If done in a short window of time, multiple hard credit pulls for the same type of loan will count as just one.
Recommended: Soft vs Hard Credit Inquiry
The Takeaway
Personal loans and other financial lending products come at a cost: interest. That’s the amount you’ll pay on top of repaying the principal balance itself. Interest is expressed in a percentage rate, most commonly APR, which includes both the interest and any other fees that can increase the cost of the loan.
Think twice before turning to high-interest credit cards. Consider a SoFi personal loan instead. SoFi offers competitive fixed rates and same-day funding. Checking your rate takes just a minute.
SoFi’s Personal Loan was named NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Personal Loan overall.
FAQ
Why is my personal loan APR different than the interest rate?
If the annual percentage rate (APR) on your personal loan is different from the interest rate, it means the lender is charging additional fees, such as origination fees or others.
How important is APR vs interest rate?
The annual percentage rate (APR) is generally the more important figure to look at, since it includes additional costs incurred in getting the loan, such as fees. The APR will give you a more holistic picture of the price of the loan product.
What is a good APR and interest rate for a personal loan?
Personal loan interest rates vary widely but currently average around 12% APR. Depending on your personal financial history, the type and amount of the loan you’re borrowing, and your lender, the rate you receive could be higher or lower.
Photo credit: iStock/Charday Penn
SoFi Loan Products SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.
Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.
Checking Your Rates: To check the rates and terms you may qualify for, SoFi conducts a soft credit pull that will not affect your credit score. However, if you choose a product and continue your application, we will request your full credit report from one or more consumer reporting agencies, which is considered a hard credit pull and may affect your credit.
Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
If you’re an 18-year-old with no credit history, you can get a loan, but your choices may be more limited. You may have to tap into alternative options and sources, such as loans with a cosigner.
That’s because lenders like to lend to people with a history of borrowing and on-time payments. Oftentimes, young people just starting out have no credit history. This means they have no credit accounts in their name or haven’t used credit for a long period of time and the information has been removed from their credit history. Without credit, it can be difficult to access loans or credit cards, rent an apartment or buy a house, and obtain certain subscriptions.
Let’s take a closer look at loans for 18-year-olds.
Benefits of Loans for 18-Year-Olds
Two important benefits of getting a loan as an 18-year-old include gaining access to funds and building up credit history.
Access to Funds
The obvious benefit of getting loans as a young person is that you will have access to the money you need. Depending on the type of loan you get, you may be able to use the funds for a variety of purposes, including:
• Education
• Purchasing big-ticket items, such as a car
• Personal expenses, such as medical or wedding expenses
Build Up Your Credit History
Loans allow you to start building up your credit history, which can help you meet goals such as:
• Getting a cellphone
• Accessing utilities in your name
• Qualifying for a credit card
• Getting good rates on insurance, a mortgage, or auto loan
Plus, establishing a strong record of borrowing and repayment can position you well for future borrowing.
💡 Quick Tip: Need help covering the cost of a wedding, honeymoon, or new baby? A SoFi personal loan can help you fund major life events — without the high interest rates of credit cards.
Cons of Loans for 18-Year-Olds
While there are benefits to getting a loan when you’re 18, there are downsides to consider as well. Let’s take a closer look at a few.
Limited Loan Amounts
You may not be able to borrow a large loan amount when you’re young and just starting out. For example, if you want to purchase a $500,000 home as an 18-year-old and have no credit history, you’ll likely have difficulty qualifying for this type of loan.
Potentially High Rates
It’s possible to get a loan with no credit as a young person, but lenders may charge a higher interest rate than if you had an established credit history.
Why is that the case? Lenders try to assess your risk level when you apply for anything from a personal loan to a credit card. If they can’t see evidence that you have successfully made loan payments, they may not grant you a loan or they may compensate for that risk by charging you a higher interest rate.
Some lenders consider other aspects of your profile beyond credit history, including whether you can comfortably afford your payments.
Risk of Getting Into Debt
According to a consumer debt study conducted by Experian, Generation Z (those aged 18-26) had a non-mortgage debt average of $15,105 in 2023. This includes credit cards, auto debt, personal loans, or student loans.
While carrying any level of debt can be stressful, there are also financial implications to consider. For starters, if you don’t pay off your balance in a timely way, interest can start to build. Credit cards tend to carry higher interest rates than home or auto loans. This means wiping out credit card debt could take a long time if you only pay the minimum amount.
Then there are potential penalties to be mindful of, such as late fees. You may also face collection costs if you don’t pay your bills, which will remain on your credit report and potentially impact your credit score for years.
Recommended: Why Do People Choose a Joint Personal Loan?
Is a Co-Signer Required When Applying for Loans as an 18-Year-Old?
Not all lenders require a cosigner, so be sure to ask if you’ll need one. In most cases, a loan without a cosigner will likely have a lower loan amount and a higher interest rate.
What exactly is a cosigner? Simply put, it’s a person who agrees to take responsibility for a loan alongside the primary borrower. If one person fails to make payments, it will affect the other person’s credit score.
Applying for a loan with a co-borrower or cosigner can be a quick way to get accepted for a loan.
Understanding Your Loan Status
Like many financial processes, applying for a loan involves multiple steps. Here’s a general idea of what’s involved:
• Pre-approval: Pre-approval means that your lender takes a look at your qualifications (including a soft credit check). A soft credit check is an inquiry of your credit report.
• Application: In this part of the process, you submit a formal application, and your lender will verify your information.
• Conditional approval: You may also get conditional approval for your loan, which means the lender may likely approve you to get a loan as long as you meet all the requirements.
• Approval or denial: Finally, you’ll either get approved or denied for the loan.
Your lender should be clear with you at every step of the application process.
Recommended: How to Get Approved for a Personal Loan
Private Lender Loan Requirements for 18-Year-Olds
There are no hard-and-fast requirements that encompass private lender requirements. However, lenders generally look at an applicant’s credit score, debt, and income.
Credit Score
There’s no universally set minimum credit score requirement for a loan because rules can vary by lender. It’s worth noting that low-to-no-credit borrowers may be able to access a loan.
Debt and Income
Lenders will check to see how much debt you have and calculate your debt-to-income (DTI) ratio, which ideally should be less than 36%. To figure out your DTI, lenders add up your debts and divide that amount by your gross income.
Lenders will also look at your income to ensure you can make monthly payments on your loan. This can include income from your job, a spouse’s income, self-employment, public assistance, investments, alimony, financial aid for school, insurance payments, and an allowance from family members.
Tips for Getting Loans as an 18-Year-Old
If you’re ready to get a loan as a young person, you can take steps to help boost your odds of getting approved.
Show Your Savings
Show the lender what you’ve saved in your accounts, which may include:
• High-yield savings accounts
• Certificates of deposit (CDs)
• Money market account
• Checking or savings accounts
• Treasuries
• Bonds, stocks, real estate, and other investments
Demonstrating savings can help you show that you can repay your loan.
Show Proof of Income
Lenders will likely require you to provide proof of income so they can see how you’ll pay for your loan. But remember, this doesn’t mean just the money you earn from a job. Consider other types of income you receive. For instance, you may not initially think of alimony as a source of income, but a lender might.
Apply for a Lower Amount
Lenders may deny your loan if you choose to borrow more money than you can realistically repay. So if you’re young and have no credit history, you may be able to increase your chances of getting a loan if you apply for a lower amount. You may also want to consider this strategy if you’re denied for a loan and want to reapply.
💡 Quick Tip: Just as there are no free lunches, there are no guaranteed loans. So beware lenders who advertise them. If they are legitimate, they need to know your creditworthiness before offering you a loan.
The Takeaway
While most 18-year-olds don’t have a large income or lengthy credit history, that doesn’t mean you can’t qualify for a personal loan. Just remember that funding choices may be more restricted, and you might not qualify for a large amount. If you’re having trouble getting approved, you may want to consider asking someone to cosign the loan, showing proof of income and savings, or applying for less money.
Think twice before turning to high-interest credit cards. Consider a SoFi personal loan instead. SoFi offers competitive fixed rates and same-day funding. Checking your rate takes just a minute.
SoFi’s Personal Loan was named NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Personal Loan overall.
FAQ
Are there loans for 18-year-olds without a job?
You can get a loan without a job. However, you’ll need to show a lender that you have some form of consistent income, such as through investments, alimony, financial aid, or another source of cash flow.
Are there loans for 18-year-olds without credit?
Yes, loans do exist for 18-year-olds with no credit history. But note that even if you qualify for a loan without credit, it may be a lower amount than you could qualify for if you had a lengthy credit history. You may also not be able to get a low interest rate.
Can I get a loan as an 18-year-old?
Yes, 18-year-olds can get a loan. Your age matters less than your credit history and credit score — or the availability of a cosigner. Keep in mind that you may have trouble getting a loan if you don’t meet a lender’s qualifications. Contact a lender to learn more about your options.
How can I build credit as an 18-year-old?
If you want to start building credit, it may be worth exploring a secured credit card. Similar to a debit card, this type of credit card requires you to put down a cash deposit to insure any purchases you make. For example, putting down a $1,000 deposit, and that becomes your starting credit line on your card.
Photo credit: iStock/SeventyFour
SoFi Loan Products SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.
Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .
Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.
External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
More Americans are defaulting on their car loans due to larger loan amounts, high interest rates, increased living costs and more.
The number of borrowers who fell more than 90 days behind on their auto loans rose to 2.66% in the fourth quarter of 2023 — a nearly 20% increase from the same time last year, according to data from the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
Why are more people defaulting on car loans?
Borrowers are struggling in part due to sky-high interest rates and increased expenses that have made it difficult for many to be current on their loans, according to Vince Shorb, CEO of the National Financial Educators Council.
“A lot of people are at that point now where they’ve been barely making ends meet,” he says. “They’ve just been getting trounced with inflation, trounced with higher interest rates across the board.”
Many auto lenders offer debt relief programs that can lessen the impact for struggling borrowers — but the key is to reach out before you’re underwater on your loan.
What happens if you default on a car loan?
When you default on a loan, it means you’ve failed to make your monthly payments to the lender per your loan terms. Usually, an account becomes delinquent after one missed payment, then the account is in default after 30 to 90 days of no payments, depending on the lender. Note that auto lenders typically offer a 10- to 15-day grace period from the payment due date during which you won’t be charged late fees or face other consequences for missing a payment.
Here’s what you can expect if you default on your car loan.
You’ll incur late fees
When you miss an auto loan payment or make a late payment, you’re typically required to pay a late fee. Late fees vary by lender, loan terms and state, but most lenders charge 3% to 5% of the payment amount missed or a flat fee of $25 to $50. Depending on the state where you live, there may be laws that limit the amount a lender is allowed to charge or the length of grace period they must provide before you’re charged a fee.
Your loan terms will include how much you’ll be charged for a late or missed payment.
Your credit score will take a hit
Most lenders report late or missed payments to the three major credit bureaus after 30 days from the due date, so your delinquency will be recorded on your credit report. Payment history is the most significant factor in determining your credit score — it accounts for 35% of your FICO score. A missed payment on your credit reports will negatively impact your credit score. Additionally, a delinquency can stay on your credit report for seven years.
A lower credit score can impact your ability to get a loan or receive lower interest rates in the future.
Your car could get repossessed
When you get a car loan, the vehicle acts as collateral for the loan. This means that if you default on the loan, your vehicle can potentially get repossessed.
Once you’re in default, a lender can repossess your vehicle without warning. A lender can repossess your vehicle after only one missed payment, but most do so after 90 days of no payments. Repossession rules and timelines vary by lender and state laws.
After your car has been repossessed, the lender can sell it. If the lender sells your car for less than what you owe on it, you may be on the hook for the difference, as well as repossession and early termination fees.
In addition to missed loan payments, repossession can damage your credit scores and will remain on your report for seven years.
Your loan could be sent to collections
If you still owe money after your car is repossessed, the lender may turn your loan over to a collections agency that will try to get back what you owe. You may receive emails, phone calls and letters until you pay the outstanding balance. In rare cases, your lender could also sue you for the amount you owe.
Like repossession, collections will remain on your credit report for seven years and can affect your ability to get a loan down the line.
What to do if you’re struggling
If you can’t afford to make your car loan payment due to hardship, consider turning to an auto loan hardship program. Most lenders offer assistance in the form of deferment, payment plans and more.
According to Shorb, lenders want to collect what they’re owed and are therefore willing to work with borrowers if they communicate early.
“What we have seen is that when people are proactive in having that discussion with their lender, there’s a better chance of making it,” Shorb says of borrowers struggling through tough times.
The information provided on this website does not, and is not intended to, act as legal, financial or credit advice. See Lexington Law’s editorial disclosure for more information.
Try to pay your credit card bill on or before the due date as often as possible. The due date is usually 20 to 25 days after your billing cycle ends.
Paying your credit card early can improve your credit. After your statement closes, your credit card issuer reports your balance to the main three credit bureaus (Equifax®, Experian® and TransUnion®). Paying your bill early lowers your overall balance, so the bureaus will see you using less credit in total.
If you’re wondering, “When should I pay my credit card bill?” know that it’s always best to pay as early as possible. According to the FICO® credit scoring model, credit utilization makes up 30 percent of your score. We’ll explain the factors that affect credit in more detail below and answer common questions about when to pay off your balances.
Key takeaways:
Making at least the minimum payment is good for your credit health.
Payment history and credit utilization make up 65 percent of your FICO credit score together.
Credit card grace periods usually last up to 25 days after a billing cycle ends.
Table of contents:
Why should I pay my credit card early?
To understand how paying a bill early could raise your score, you need to understand what factors affect your score and how your credit issuer reports to the credit bureaus.
The Fair Isaac Corporation (FICO) uses a unique credit scoring system to issue a FICO credit score to every individual. FICO scores consist of the following five categories:
Payment history makes up around 35 percent of your score. Late payments can negatively affect your score, so paying your bill on time or early can help improve it.
Credit utilization accounts for 30 percent of your score and represents how much of your available credit you’re currently using. You should aim to use 1/3 of your credit or less (e.g., if you have a total credit limit of $9,000, try to keep your balance below $3,000.)
Age of credit reflects your total credit history, and it makes up roughly 15 percent of your score. Your oldest accounts will influence this factor the most.
Credit mix measures the variety of open credit accounts you have, and it makes up 10 percent of your score. Having several cards and an auto loan or mortgage can help.
New credit makes up the last 10 percent of your score, and it considers your applications for new lines of credit.
After your monthly statement is issued with your balance, you have a grace period before the payment is due—ranging from 21 to 25 days. During that time, your credit card provider will report your balance to the credit bureaus. If you pay your balance before your statement closes, the total listed balance will be lower. Moreover, credit bureaus will see your overall utilization as lower, which could increase your score.
However, paying your credit card bill early may work differently if your card has a balance each month. Instead of paying your next statement early, you’re making an extra payment on your balance. Therefore, you’ll likely still need to pay the minimum amount on your next statement, or your payment could be considered late.
Is it bad to pay off a credit card early?
It is never bad to pay your credit card bill early, but the benefits you receive from doing so may vary depending on your circumstances. For example, if you carry a balance on your credit card every month, you may need to adjust how you handle early payments.
It’s also important to separate facts from credit myths when planning out your debt repayment strategy.
If you do carry a balance on your card each month, keep the following in mind:
Your early payment may not count as your minimum payment. If you have a balance from a previous month, your early payment will count as an extra payment on your outstanding balance.
You may not save money on interest and fees by making an early payment. For example, if you’re charged based on your average daily balance, simply paying at the end of the month may not help much.
All that said, it’s still usually a good idea to pay down your credit card debt if you have the funds available to do so. When considering how to build credit, remember that consistent, timely payments can help you eliminate debt and qualify you for better loans and cards.
When is the best time to pay your credit card?
The best time to pay your credit card bill is before the payment is late. While you may benefit from paying your bill early, you’ll definitely see negative effects if you pay your bill late.
Paying early keeps your payment history intact and may help lower your overall utilization, while paying your bill more than 30 days late will likely lead to a negative item on your credit report. And if you neglect to pay long enough, your account could get sent to collections.
If you do start paying your credit card bill early, begin checking your credit report regularly to see how your balance is being reported to the credit bureaus. Over time, you should see your utilization drop and your credit improve.
Understand your credit with Lexington Law Firm
While sifting through your credit report, look for inaccurate information like fraudulent accounts, incorrect negative items or factual mistakes. Any of these inaccurate items could be hurting your credit, but you can challenge them with the right credit repair services.
Lexington Law Firm helps clients repair and monitor their credit. Learn more about our services, which can help you address incorrect marks on your credit report. Start by taking our free credit assessment today.
Note: Articles have only been reviewed by the indicated attorney, not written by them. The information provided on this website does not, and is not intended to, act as legal, financial or credit advice; instead, it is for general informational purposes only. Use of, and access to, this website or any of the links or resources contained within the site do not create an attorney-client or fiduciary relationship between the reader, user, or browser and website owner, authors, reviewers, contributors, contributing firms, or their respective agents or employers.
Reviewed By
Sarah Raja
Associate Attorney
Sarah Raja was born and raised in Phoenix, Arizona.
In 2010 she earned a bachelor’s degree in Psychology from Arizona State University. Sarah then clerked at personal injury firm while she studied for the Law School Admissions Test. In 2016, Sarah graduated from Arizona Summit Law School with a Juris Doctor degree. While in law school Sarah had a passion for mediation and participated in the school’s mediation clinic and mediated cases for the Phoenix Justice Courts. Prior to joining Lexington Law Firm, Sarah practiced in the areas of real property law, HOA law, family law, and disability law in the State of Arizona. In 2020, Sarah opened her own mediation firm with her business partner, where they specialize in assisting couples through divorce in a communicative and civilized manner. In her spare time, Sarah enjoys spending time with family and friends, practicing yoga, and traveling.
Recourse loans are secured loans in which the lender can seize a borrower’s collateral and, if necessary, other assets, should the borrower default on the loan. Common types of recourse debt are auto loans, credit cards and, in most states, home mortgages. Recourse loans are low risk to lenders so they tend to have lower interest rates than non-recourse loans.
Non-recourse loans are also secured by collateral but in this case, the lender can only seize the collateral pledged for the loan; they can’t take any other assets. Non-recourse loans are less common than recourse loans and tend to have higher interest rates due to their higher risk.
Read on to learn more about how non-recourse and recourse loans compare.
What Is a Recourse Loan?
A recourse loan is a secured loan for which the lender can seize more than just the collateral if the borrower defaults. The lender is also able to seize other assets the borrower didn’t use as collateral, including income and money in bank accounts.
How Recourse Loans Work
When a borrower defaults on a recourse debt, the lender can seize not only the loan’s collateral, but can also attempt to attach other assets to collect what’s owed. In essence, the lender has additional recourse to recoup their losses.
Between recourse vs. nonrecourse debt, recourse debt favors the lender while nonrecourse debt favors the borrower.
Examples of Recourse Loans
Hard money loans, which are typically based on the value of the collateral rather than just the creditworthiness of the borrower, tend to be recourse loans.
An auto loan is one example of a recourse loan. If an auto loan borrower defaults on the loan, the lender has the right to seize the vehicle and sell it to recoup its losses. If the vehicle has depreciated, however, and the sale doesn’t cover the loan balance, the lender can ask for a deficiency judgment for the difference. In that case, the borrower’s wages could be garnished or the lender could seize other assets. 💡 Quick Tip: A low-interest personal loan from SoFi can help you consolidate your debts, lower your monthly payments, and get you out of debt sooner.
What Is a Non-Recourse Loan?
A nonrecourse loan is a secured loan for which the lender cannot seize assets that weren’t put up as collateral in the original loan agreement.
How Non-Recourse Loans Work
When a borrower pledges collateral on a secured loan, the lender can take that asset — but no others — if the borrower defaults on the loan. The lender will typically sell the asset to recoup their loss on the loan. The lender has no other recourse than seizing the collateralized asset, even if the sale of that asset doesn’t cover the balance of the loan.
Examples of Non-Recourse Loans
Lenders may be cautious about offering non-recourse loans because it limits their ability to recoup losses in the event of a default. Therefore, loans are typically classified as recourse loans.
Mortgages are classified as non-recourse debt as a matter of law in 12 states, meaning the lender cannot pursue a borrower’s other assets if they default and end up in foreclosure. The financial consequences would likely be limited to foreclosures of the home and damage to the borrower’s credit score.
A lender might be willing to offer a non-recourse loan to an applicant with excellent credit and steady, verifiable income if confident in their ability to repay the debt.
Recourse vs Non-Recourse Loans
Both recourse and non-recourse debt can be secured by collateral, which a lender can seize in the event of nonpayment.
The biggest difference between the two is that the lender is prevented from pursuing other assets owned by the borrower to repay what’s owed on a non-recourse debt. Basically, the lender has no other recourse for repayment of the debt other than the collateral that secures the loan.
Recourse Loan
Non-Recourse Loan
Lender can seize assets other than those put up as collateral
Lender can seize only assets that were put up as collateral
Borrower can lose collateralized and other assets if they default
Borrower can lose collateralized asset and have a negative entry on their credit report if they default
Loan rate and terms are based on the value of asset used as collateral and creditworthiness of applicant
Lender may consider creditworthiness of applicant greater than value of collateral when determining loan rate and terms
Less risky for lenders
Less risky for borrowers
Pros and Cons of Recourse vs Non-Recourse Debt
Depending on whose perspective the situation is being viewed from, recourse and non-recourse debt each has benefits and drawbacks.
Pros and Cons of Recourse Loans
Recourse debt is more favorable to the lender than the borrower because this type of debt gives the lender more avenues to collect when a debt goes unpaid.
Approval for recourse loans, on the other hand, may be easier since they pose less risk for lenders.
From the borrower’s perspective, here are some pros and cons of recourse loans:
Pros of Recourse Loans
Cons of Recourse Loans
Approval qualifications may be less stringent than for a nonrecourse loan
Lender can seize collateralized asset and other assets if the borrower defaults
Interest rates can potentially be low
Borrower assumes greater risk than lender
Pros and Cons of Non-Recourse Loans
A non-recourse loan is more favorable to the borrower in the case of default. In that situation, the lender could only seize the asset put up as collateral, but couldn’t lay claim to any of the borrower’s other assets.
Non-recourse financing is usually riskier for the lender since they’re limited to collecting only the collateral when a borrower defaults. As such, lenders may charge higher interest rates for non-recourse loans and/or require borrowers to meet higher credit scores and income requirements to qualify.
From the borrower’s perspective, here are some pros and cons of non-recourse loans:
Pros of Non-Recourse Loans
Cons of Non-Recourse Loans
Only the asset put up as collateral can be seized if the loan is defaulted on
Borrower’s credit can be negatively affected if the lender must write off uncollected debt
Personal assets are not at risk
Interest rates may be high
Managing Recourse vs Non-Recourse Loans
Generally, the only reason for a borrower to be concerned about whether they have recourse vs. non-recourse debt is if they’re in danger of default. As long as they’re keeping up with their payments, whether a debt is recourse or non-recourse shouldn’t be an issue.
But if there is a concern about potentially falling behind in paying a debt, then it helps to do some research before borrowing. For example, if trying to qualify for a home loan, asking upfront whether the loan is treated as recourse or non-recourse debt under a particular state’s laws will help in the decision making.
Making a larger down payment, for example, means less a borrower has to finance. Ultimately, though, a borrower should do what is right for their particular financial situation. It may be better for some borrowers to choose a home loan that allows for a lower down payment so they can keep more cash in the bank to cover financial emergencies down the line.
If you’re planning to apply for a car loan, you might consider buying a vehicle that tends to hold its value longer or making a larger down payment. Those could both help you avoid ending up underwater on the loan if you happen to default for any reason.
Credit cards are revolving debt, not a lump sum being borrowed, so the amount owed can change month to month as purchases are made and paid off. Some ways to manage this type of recourse debt include:
• Keeping card balances low
• Paying the balance in full each month, if possible
• Setting up automatic payments or payment alerts as notification of when a due date is approaching
With any type of debt, recourse, or non-recourse, it’s important that you get in touch with your lender or creditor as soon as you think you’ll have trouble making payments. The lender may be able to offer options to help you manage payments temporarily. Depending on the type of debt, that may include:
• Credit card hardship programs
• Student loan forbearance or deferment
• Mortgage forbearance
• Skipping or deferring auto loan payments
Reaching out before a payment is missed can help you avoid loss of assets, as well as any negative impact on your credit. 💡 Quick Tip: Swap high-interest debt for a lower-interest loan, and save money on your monthly payments. Find out why SoFi credit card consolidation loans are so popular.
Is a Recourse or a Non-Recourse Loan Best for You?
It’s likely you won’t have much of a choice between a recourse and a Non-Recourse loan when looking at financing options. Lenders are likely to offer only recourse loans because they have more options to recover losses if the borrower defaults on the loan.
If you are presented with both options, choosing a recourse or Non-Recourse loan may depend on your financial situation.
• A recourse loan may be a good option for those with a limited credit history because in exchange for additional avenues to recoup their losses, if necessary, a lender may offer low interest rates.
• A non-recourse loan could be a good option for an applicant with good credit and steady income, as the lender may consider them a low-risk borrower and not feel the need to have additional assets to secure the loan.
SoFi Personal Loans Rates
Think twice before turning to high-interest credit cards. Consider a SoFi personal loan instead. SoFi offers competitive fixed rates and same-day funding. Checking your rate takes just a minute.
SoFi’s Personal Loan was named NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Personal Loan overall.
FAQ
What does recourse mean in lending?
Recourse refers to a lender’s options when recouping losses when a borrower defaults on a loan. With a recourse loan, lenders can recoup defaulted loan balances by seizing both the loan collateral and — when necessary — the borrower’s other assets.
Are you required to pay a non-recourse loan?
Yes, borrowers are required to make payments on both recourse and non-recourse loans.
Are non-recourse loans more expensive?
Non-recourse loans can have higher interest rates than recourse loans because lenders may perceive them as having higher risk.
SoFi Loan Products SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.
Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.
Checking Your Rates: To check the rates and terms you may qualify for, SoFi conducts a soft credit pull that will not affect your credit score. However, if you choose a product and continue your application, we will request your full credit report from one or more consumer reporting agencies, which is considered a hard credit pull and may affect your credit.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
A personal loan is a flexible lending product that can be used for anything from covering the cost of a home repair to consolidating high-interest debt. While there’s no universally required credit score for a personal loan, you generally need a score of at least 610 to qualify, and an even higher score to get a lender’s best rates.
That said, some lenders offer personal loans for no credit, and even for bad credit. To make up for the increased risk, however, they will typically charge high interest rates.
Read on for a closer look at the minimum credit score for a personal loan, how your credit score can impact loan amounts and interest rates, plus other factors lenders look at when considering an applicant for a personal loan.
What Personal Loans Are and How They Work
A personal loan enables you to borrow a specific amount of money to use in virtually any way you like — unlike a mortgage or auto loan which is earmarked for one specific purpose. Personal loans are offered by banks, credit unions, and online lenders and are generally unsecured (meaning you don’t have to pledge an asset to secure the loan).
Common uses of personal loans include home renovations, vacations, weddings, car/home repairs, medical expenses, moving expenses, major purchases, and credit card consolidation.
Once you get approved for a personal loan, you receive the funds in one lump sum up front then repay the money (plus interest) in monthly installments over a set period of time, called the loan term. 💡 Quick Tip: Some lenders can release funds as quickly as the same day your loan is approved. SoFi personal loans offer same-day funding for qualified borrowers.
Awarded Best Personal Loan by NerdWallet. Apply Online, Same Day Funding
What You Need to Qualify for Personal Loans
These are a few factors lenders take into consideration when deciding whether or not to offer you a personal loan, as well as how much to offer and at what rate. Here’s a look at what you may need to qualify.
Credit Score
A credit score is a three-digit number (typically between 300 and 850) designed to predict how likely you are to pay a loan back on time based on information from your credit reports. There is no universally set minimum credit score for personal loans but many lenders require applicants to have a minimum score of around 620. To get approved for a lender’s lowest rates, however, you may need a credit score closer to 690.
That doesn’t mean borrowers with lower scores or thin credit are out of luck. Some lenders offer personal loans to applicants without any credit history at all. There are also personal loans on the market designed for applicants with poor or bad credit. Keep in mind, though, that these loans often come with high rates and less-than-favorable terms.
Debt-to-Income Ratio
Lenders will also look closely at an applicant’s debt-to-income (DTI) ratio, which measures the percentage of a person’s monthly income that goes to debt payments. You generally want your DTI to be as low as possible because that indicates that your income is well above what you need to cover your monthly expenses.
If you’re applying for a personal loan, lenders typically want to see a DTI of 35% to 40% or less. A lender might allow a higher DTI, however, if you have a strong credit score or other compensating factors, like enough money in your savings account to cover several months of living expenses.
Income
To make sure that borrowers have the cash flow to repay a new loan, lenders typically have minimum income requirements for personal loans. Income thresholds vary widely by lender — some require applicants to earn at least $45,000 per year, while others have a minimum annual income requirement of just $20,000. Lenders don’t always disclose their income requirements, so you may not be able to discover these minimums before you apply for a personal loan.
Lenders see your income by looking at your monthly bank statements, last two years of tax returns, and pay stubs. Some lenders also require a signed letter from an employer. If you are self-employed, you can provide tax returns or bank statements to show proof of income. 💡 Quick Tip: With average interest rates lower than credit cards, a personal loan for credit card debt can substantially decrease your monthly bills.
Personal Loan Options by Credit Score
When it comes to having the right credit score for a personal loan, there is no one set score that disqualifies someone from getting their hands on one. That said, having a FICO® Score in the good range (670-739) or higher gives applicants the widest range of lending opportunities and the most favorable interest rates. Take a closer look at how different FICO credit score ranges can affect lending opportunities.
Wide variety of lending products, good loan amounts, fair interest rates
580-669
Fair
Can qualify for some lending products with slightly higher interest rates
580
Poor
Limited lending opportunities, smaller loan amounts, typically high interest rates
Exceptional
An exceptional credit score qualifies applicants for the widest variety of personal loan options, the most favorable interest rates, and larger loan amounts.
Very Good
Having a very good credit score qualifies applicants for most if not all of the same rates and lending opportunities as exceptional applicants.
Good
Having a good credit score puts a borrower near or slightly above the average of U.S. consumers, and most lenders consider this a good score to have. Applicants shouldn’t struggle to find a personal loan, but they may not be approved for the lowest interest rates.
Fair
Because a fair credit score is below the average score of U.S. consumers, many lenders will approve loans with this score, but rates and terms might not be as desirable as they are for higher scores.
Poor
A poor or “bad” credit score is well below the average score of U.S. consumers and demonstrates to lenders that the applicant may be a lending risk, which greatly limits the applicant’s borrowing options. If they do qualify for a personal loan they likely can expect to be approved at high interest rates.
Alternatives to Personal Loans
If your credit score makes it difficult to qualify for a personal loan, you may want to explore alternative lending options. Here are some to consider.
• Credit card cash advance: Consumers with credit cards may be able to request a cash advance from their credit card, which can make it easy to get access to cash quickly. These cash advances typically come with higher interest rates than a regular credit card purchase.
• Peer-to-peer loans: There are some web-based lending sites that offer some flexibility in qualification requirements. Since these sites are not lenders, and more like matchmakers, they may help you find an investor who is willing to look at other factors besides your credit score.
• Cross-collateral loans: If you already have a loan secured by collateral with a lender (such as auto loan or mortgage), you may be able to qualify for another loan with the same lender using that same collateral. However, not all lenders allow cross-collateral loans. And there are risks involved for borrowers. To have a lien released from the asset used as collateral, you typically need to pay both loans in full.
Personal Loan Rates From SoFi
Think twice before turning to high-interest credit cards. Consider a SoFi personal loan instead. SoFi offers competitive fixed rates and same-day funding. Checking your rate takes just a minute.
SoFi’s Personal Loan was named NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Personal Loan overall.
FAQ
Is a different credit score required for loans of different sizes?
Generally, the higher your credit score, the larger the loan you can qualify for. Maximum amounts for personal loans range from $500 to $100,000. If you have strong credit, you may qualify for a larger loan than you need. Be sure to consider how much you can afford to repay each month before deciding what size loan to take out.
Can you get a personal loan without having a credit score at all?
There are some personal loans on the market with no credit check. Since the lender can’t rely on your credit history, they will typically focus on other indicators of your ability to pay back the loan, such as your income, employment history, rental history, and any previous history with the lender.
When applying for a personal loan with no credit check, you’ll want to carefully weigh the benefits against the costs. Lenders will often charge higher interest rates and impose more fees to lessen their risk.
Can getting a personal loan affect a credit score?
Getting a personal loan can affect credit scores both positively and negatively. Applying for a personal loan typically results in a hard credit inquiry, which may cause a small, temporary drop in your credit score. On the flip side, taking out a personal loan can have a positive impact on your credit by increasing your credit mix. Making on-time payments can also improve your credit profile. (Late payments, however, can have a negative impact on your credit.)
Photo credit: iStock/Moyo Studio
SoFi Loan Products SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.
Non affiliation: SoFi isn’t affiliated with any of the companies highlighted in this article.
Checking Your Rates: To check the rates and terms you may qualify for, SoFi conducts a soft credit pull that will not affect your credit score. However, if you choose a product and continue your application, we will request your full credit report from one or more consumer reporting agencies, which is considered a hard credit pull and may affect your credit.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.
Disclaimer: Many factors affect your credit scores and the interest rates you may receive. SoFi is not a Credit Repair Organization as defined under federal or state law, including the Credit Repair Organizations Act. SoFi does not provide “credit repair” services or advice or assistance regarding “rebuilding” or “improving” your credit record, credit history, or credit rating. For details, see the FTC’s website .
The economic landscape of the United States is experiencing a significant shift, marked by a new event: the average FICO credit score has dropped for the first time in a decade.
In a recently released report on credit score data from October 2023, major credit reporting company, FICO, says that the national average credit score has decreased for the first time in a decade from 718 to 717.
Why did credit scores drop?
The decrease in average credit scores may be attributed to several key factors:
Increased Missed Payments: There has been an increase in missed borrower payments, showing serious financial strain among consumers. The FICO report shows that, as of October 2023, more than 18% of the population was late on payments.
Rising Consumer Debt Levels: Consumer debt, particularly credit card debt, has risen to over 1 trillion. This indicates that more consumers may be leaning on credit cards to cover everyday expenses.
Slowing New Credit Activity: New credit activity – consumers applying for new lines of credit – has slowed down.
What this means for you
It’s hard to say what this will mean moving forward, but at this moment it’s too soon to say – or worry too much. In a statement given to Bloomberg, Ethan Dornhelm, VP at FICO, said that “This isn’t a blinking red light, but it certainly is a yellow light.”
Whatever happens in the future, it’s important to take steps to try to protect your credit. Here are some strategies:
Reduce Credit Utilization Rates: Your credit utilization ratio is the amount of available credit you have compared to the amount of credit you’ve used. Generally, the best practice is to keep your credit utilization ratio below 30%, if you can.
Consolidate Debt: If you’re worried about tracking different payments, consider consolidating your debt into one payment to avoid the risk of missing a payment. A missed payment is a negative mark on your credit, and can stay on your credit reports for 7 years.
Protect Your Credit History: Length of credit history is a significant factor in how your credit score is calculated. Closing a credit card that you’ve had for a long time, for example, might actually hurt your credit score. If you can, try to keep lines of credit – especially revolving credit accounts, like credit cards – open.
If You’re Rejected, Pause Before Applying Again: If you’ve been rejected for a line of credit in the past, like an auto loan or a credit card, pause before immediately applying again. Multiple “hard inquiries” – when a lender pulls your credit to evaluate your creditworthiness – in too short a time could potentially harm your credit.
Good credit is always important
If you’re worried about your credit, the best thing you can do is consistently check and monitor your credit – not just your score. Be on the look out for any changes to your credit reports and score, whether expected or unexpected, and make sure that everything in your credit profile is accurate. You can get started with a free credit assessment at Lexington Law for a snapshot of what’s in your credit profile.
Reviewed By
Nature Lewis
Associate Attorney
Before joining Lexington Law as an Associate Attorney, Nature Lewis managed a successful practice representing tenants in Maricopa County.
Through her representation of tenants, Nature gained experience in Federal law, Family law, Probate, Consumer protection and Civil law. She received numerous accolades for her dedication to Tenant Protection in Arizona, including, John P. Frank Advocate for Justice Award in 2016, Top 50 Pro Bono Attorney of 2015, New Tenant Attorney of the Year in 2015 and Maricopa County Attorney of the Month in March 2015. Nature continued her dedication to pro bono work while volunteering at Community Legal Services’ Volunteer Lawyer’s Program and assisting victims of Domestic Violence at the local shelter. Nature is passionate about providing free knowledge to the underserved community and continues to hold free seminars about tenant rights and plans to incorporate consumer rights in her free seminars. Nature is a wife and mother of 5 children. She and her husband have been married for 24 years and enjoy traveling internationally, watching movies and promoting their indie published comic books!
Car incentives nearly vanished during the past several years, thanks to pandemic-driven supply chain issues for auto manufacturers. As vehicle inventories dwindled and consumer demand outweighed supply, automakers had no reason to offer incentives like rebates or low-rate financing. The good news is that auto incentives, while still below prepandemic levels, are starting to return.
According to Kelley Blue Book, a Cox Automotive company, auto incentives — as a percentage of the average new-vehicle price buyers paid — reached 5.9% in February 2024. That’s compared with a general range of 10% to 11% before COVID-19 hit and 2% in fall 2022. In February, auto manufacturers spent an average of $2,808 per vehicle in incentives, up 88% from a year ago.
With inventories returning to normal and some auto manufacturers again sweetening deals to move vehicles, here’s how you can find and possibly save with car incentives.
Tips for saving with auto incentives
Although new car prices have declined since peaking in late 2022, the average price a buyer pays remains around $47,000. Incentives are one way to whittle down that price tag, and certain strategies can help maximize savings.
Be flexible about the vehicle you buy
Traditionally, auto dealers strive to have 60 selling days’ worth of cars in stock. As auto production has returned, some manufacturers — like Toyota — remain well below the 60-day mark, while others — including Ford, Nissan and Buick — are overstocked and more likely to offer incentives and discounts to move cars.
“The key right now is to be flexible about which vehicle you consider,” says Sean Tucker, senior editor for data company Cox Automotive. “If you had your heart set on something from Toyota, you’re probably not going to find a great deal. They just don’t have trouble selling cars right now.”
Auto manufacturer websites are a good place to research auto deals and incentives — including cash rebates, low-rate financing and lease deals — that are available for various makes and models. Such incentives often vary regionally, so you can usually narrow a search by ZIP code. Also, auto research companies like Edmunds maintain webpages with current car deals and incentives by carmaker.
Tucker suggests that incentives for leasing and electric vehicles are both good sources for saving in the current market. Auto dealerships are trying to restore the leasing cycle that feeds the used car market, so many dealerships are offering lease deals.
“It’s actually relatively easy right now to get a good lease on an EV,” Tucker says. “And that might even be a good idea just from a technology standpoint, because three years from now, when your lease is likely coming up, there may be far better EVs on the market.”
Know what incentives you qualify for
To ensure you receive every incentive available to you, know exactly which incentives you qualify for before engaging with a car dealer. Joseph Yoon, consumer insights analyst at Edmunds, recommends telling the dealer upfront what you expect in the way of incentives.
“The dealer is not going to offer it to you unless they’re deeply desperate to get the deal done,” Yoon says.
As part of your research, be aware of the different types of incentives available, because in some cases they can be combined.
Auto rebates provide a certain dollar amount to reduce your overall cost of buying, financing or leasing a vehicle. The rebate reduction should be on top of any other discount you’ve negotiated.
Low-rate financing is an incentive offered by automaker captive lenders — although you’ll need to have good or excellent credit to qualify and may be limited on loan length. As of March 5, 2024, Cox Automotive reported that 14.2% of new vehicle financing transactions had an APR of 3% or less. Only 3.2% of transactions had a 0% APR. While low-rate offers are available, they aren’t plentiful.
Loyalty incentives may be available if you have a certain car brand and want to buy or lease another one from the same manufacturer.
Demographic-focused incentives — for example, if you’re a recent college graduate, military member or educator — are also offered by some auto manufacturers and dealers.
Stacking more than one incentive, when possible, can help you take advantage of every dollar available to you. If you have to choose between multiple incentives, for example, either a rebate or low rate from the same manufacturer, use an auto loan calculator to run each scenario and see which will save you the most money in the long run. Also, consider whether taking a cash rebate at the dealer and financing elsewhere could save you even more.
About EVs, Yoon says auto manufacturers and dealers are motivated right now to offer savings on top of the federal incentive, because “there’s still a little bit of inventory left from 2023 that they really, really, really want to get rid of as the 2024 models [are starting to] hit.”
Plan to negotiate and comparison shop
If you know you qualify for a $1,500 car rebate, don’t assume that’s the best you can do — even if the dealer tells you it is. The ability to negotiate car prices for some models has also reappeared, and incentives should be in addition to any amount you negotiate off the manufacturer’s suggested retail price. You can use valuation tools on car-buying sites to see what people are paying for the car you want and whether negotiating a lower price is realistic.
Finally, if you can find more than one dealership with the vehicle you want, present the deal you expect to each and let them compete for your business. Dealers receive factory-to-dealer discounts to help move certain vehicles, usually slower-selling ones. They can choose whether to pass these savings on to you and may be more motivated to do so if they know you’re shopping for the same car elsewhere.
Yoon says if a dealership isn’t willing to “play ball,” you shouldn’t hesitate to walk away. “Cars cost literally more than they have ever cost the consumer, and so you should, rightfully so, fight for every dollar that you can save.”
The information provided on this website does not, and is not intended to, act as legal, financial or credit advice. See Lexington Law’s editorial disclosure for more information.
Some credit facts you need to know are your credit score is based on five key factors, FICO credit scores range from 300 to 850, checking your own credit won’t hurt your score, and twelve more facts outlined below.
With all of the misleading and incorrect information about credit floating around, it’s no wonder some of us feel lost when it comes to our credit reports and credit scores. Fortunately, we’re here to help set everything straight with these simple and clear explanations.
We’ve taken the time to compile the most important credit facts you need to know to understand your credit and everything that impacts it. Just as importantly, we’re setting the record straight when it comes to credit myths that have been lingering for too long. Read on to learn everything you’ve always wanted to know about credit.
1. Your credit score is based on five key factors
Most lenders make their decisions using FICO credit scores, which are based on five key factors. That means that when you apply for a new credit card or loan, these are the primary influences on whether you’ll end up getting approved. Here are the five factors, in order of importance: payment history, credit utilization, length of credit history, credit mix and new credit inquiries.
35% – Payment history. Your ability to consistently make payments has the biggest impact on your score. Having late and missed payments is detrimental to your credit score, while a streak of on-time payments has a positive effect.
30% – Credit utilization. Your utilization measures how much of your available credit you’re using across all of your cards. By using one-third or less of your total credit limit, you could help improve your credit.
15% – Length of credit history. In general, having a longer credit history is helpful, though it depends on how responsibly you’ve used credit over time. Using credit well over time signals to lenders that you can be trusted to manage your finances.
10% – New credit. Applying for new credit leads to hard inquiries, which can negatively impact your credit score. Spacing out your new credit applications—and only applying for credit when you need it—helps your score.
10% – Credit mix. Having a variety of different types of credit—like credit cards, an auto loan or a mortgage—can influence your score as well. A diverse credit portfolio demonstrates your ability to successfully manage different types of credit.
With the knowledge of exactly how your score gets calculated, you can make smarter decisions with credit.
Bottom line: Credit scores aren’t as mysterious as they first appear, and you have control over all of the factors that determine your score.
2. Credit reports are different than credit scores
Although they are related, a credit report and a credit score are different. Also, it’s a bit misleading to talk about a single credit report or a single credit score, because the reality is that you have several different credit reports, and your credit score can be calculated in many different ways.
A credit report is a collection of information about your credit behaviors, like the accounts you have and when you make payments. Three main bureaus—Experian, Equifax and TransUnion—each publish a separate credit report about you.
A credit score uses the information in your credit report to create a numerical representation of your creditworthiness. In other words, all of the information in your report is simplified into a single number that gives lenders an idea of how likely you are to repay a debt.
Surprisingly, your credit report does not include a credit score. Instead, lenders who access your report use formulas to determine a score when you apply for credit. The most common scoring models are FICO and VantageScore, but lenders can make modifications to the calculations to give more weight to areas that are more important to them.
Bottom line: You’ll want to be familiar with both your credit reports and your credit scores, as they each play a role in helping you obtain new credit.
3. Negative credit items will eventually come off your credit report
Negative items on your credit report can cause damage to your credit score. Negative items include late payments, collection accounts, foreclosures and repossessions.
Although these items can lead to significant drops in your credit score, their effect is not permanent. Over time, negative items have a smaller and smaller impact on your score, as long as your credit behaviors improve so that more recent items are more favorable.
Additionally, most negative items should remain on your report for seven years at the most due to the regulations set by the Fair Credit Reporting Act. A bankruptcy, on the other hand, can last up to 10 years in some cases.
Bottom line: Negative items can cause a decrease in your credit score, but they aren’t permanent. Start building new credit behaviors and your score can recover over time.
4. FICO credit scores range from 300 to 850
One of the most common credit scoring models is produced by the Fair Isaac Corporation, also known as FICO. While you may hear “FICO score” and “credit score” used interchangeably, there are in fact several different scoring models, so you could have a different credit score depending on which lender or financial institution you’re working with. The score you’re assigned by FICO will usually always be in a range from 300 to 850.
Accessing your FICO score gives you the chance to have a high-level overview of your credit health. Scores that are considered good, very good or exceptional often make it much easier to get new credit cards or loans when you need them. On the other hand, scores that are fair or poor can make getting new credit more difficult.
Here’s an overview of the FICO scoring ranges:
800 – 850: Exceptional
740 – 799: Very Good
670 – 739: Good
580 – 669: Fair
300 – 579: Poor
Remember, though: credit scores are not fixed and permanent. Your score responds to factors like payments, utilization and credit history, so positive decisions now will benefit your score in the long term.
Bottom line: The FICO scoring ranges lay out broad categories to give you a sense of how you’re doing with credit—and can also help you set a goal for where you want to be.
5. The majority of lenders use FICO scores when making decisions
While there are multiple credit scoring models, the majority of lenders check FICO scores when making decisions. That means that when you apply for new credit—whether it’s a credit card, a loan or a mortgage—the score that’s more likely to matter is your FICO score.
That’s important to know, because many free credit monitoring services will show you score estimates or your VantageScore. Some credit card companies provide a FICO score, however, and you can also request to see the credit score that lenders used to make their decision during the application process.
Fortunately, credit scoring models tend to reference the same data and weight factors fairly similarly. That means if you make on-time payments, keep your utilization low, avoid opening up too many new accounts and have a consistent credit history with a variety of accounts, you’ll probably be in good shape regardless.
Bottom line: Knowing your FICO score can help you have an idea of how lenders will view your application for new credit.
6. You have many different types of credit scores
Credit scores vary based on the credit bureau reporting them and the credit scoring model used. The major credit bureaus all have slightly different information regarding your credit history. This means that these three, along with other credit reporting agencies, report several FICO credit scores to lenders to account for different information they’ve collected.
There are also different scores specific to particular industries. For example, auto lenders review different risk factors than mortgage lenders, so the scores each lender receives might differ. Although it can get confusing, the most important things to remember are the five core factors that affect your credit score.
Bottom line: Although many people reference their credit score in the singular, the truth is that there are many different types of credit scores that take into account different factors.
7. Checking your own credit won’t hurt your score
Many people believe that checking their credit score or credit report hurts their credit, but fortunately, this isn’t true. Getting a copy of your credit report or checking your score doesn’t affect your credit score. These actions are called “soft” inquiries into your credit, and while they are noted on your credit report, they shouldn’t have any effect on your score.
Hard inquiries, on the other hand, are noted when lenders look at your credit during an application process—and these can temporarily reduce your score. This is used to discourage you from applying for new credit too frequently. However, the effect is typically small, and after a couple of years the notation of a hard inquiry will leave your report.
Bottom line: You can check your own credit report and credit score without any negative effect—and we actually encourage you to do so to stay on top of your credit health.
8. You can check your credit score and credit reports for free
There are three main ways to check your credit for free. You’ll likely want to take a look at both your credit reports and your credit scores. Here’s how to get a hold of both of those:
You’re entitled to a free credit report once each year by visiting AnnualCreditReport.com, a government-sponsored website that gives you access to your reports from TransUnion, Experian and Equifax.
You may be able to check your credit score free by contacting your bank or credit card company. Additionally, many free services—like Mint—enable you to monitor your score for free. Just make sure to note which kind of credit score you’re seeing, because there are many different scoring methods.
The information you find in your credit report lays out the factors that determine your credit score. By scanning your report closely, you’ll likely find out the best strategy for improving your score—for instance, by improving your payment history or lowering your utilization.
Bottom line: Information about your credit is freely available, so take advantage of those resources to stay on top of your credit report and score.
9. Your credit score can cost you money
Ultimately, the purpose of credit scores is to help lenders determine whether they should offer you new credit, like a loan or a credit card. A lower score indicates that you may be at greater risk for default—which means the lender has to worry that you won’t pay back your debts.
To offset this risk, lenders often deny credit applications for those with lower scores, or they extend credit with high interest rates. These interest rates can cost you a lot of money over time, so working to improve your credit score can have a measurable effect on your financial life.
Consider, for example, a $25,000 auto loan. With a fair credit score, you may secure an interest rate of 5.3 percent—so you’ll pay a total of $3,513 in interest over five years. With an excellent credit score, your rate could drop to 3.1 percent, and you’ll save nearly $1,500 in interest charges over that same five-year period.
Bottom line: A good credit score can have a positive impact on your finances, and a bad score can cost you money in interest charges.
10. Canceling old credit cards can lower your score
If you have a credit card that you’re no longer using, you may be tempted to close the account entirely. Before doing that, though, consider how it could impact your credit score.
Recall that two credit factors are utilization and length of credit history. Closing an old account could affect one or both of those factors when it comes to calculating your score.
Your credit utilization could drop after closing an account because your credit limit will likely be lower. Since utilization represents all of your balances divided by your total credit limit, your utilization will go up if your credit limit goes down (and if your balances stay the same).
Your length of credit history could be lowered if you close an older account that is raising the average age of your credit.
Some people worry that having a zero balance on their credit card can negatively impact their score. This is just a credit myth. A zero balance means you aren’t using the card to make any purchases. Keeping the credit card open while not using it actually works to your benefit. You’re able to contribute to the length of your credit history, while not risking the chance of debt and late payments.
You may need to use the card every now and then to avoid having it closed. Additionally, if the card has an annual fee, you may need to close the card or ask to have the card downgraded to a version that does not have a fee. Still, if there’s a way to keep the card open, it’s often good to do so even if you don’t plan to regularly use it.
Bottom line: An old credit card can benefit your credit score even if you aren’t using it anymore.
11. You can still get a loan with bad credit
It’s true that getting a loan can be more difficult with bad credit, but it’s not impossible. There are bad credit loans specifically for people with lower credit scores. Note, however, that these loans often come with higher interest rates—or they require some sort of collateral that the lender can use to secure the loan. That means if you don’t pay your loan back, the lender will be able to seize the property you put up as collateral.
If you don’t need a loan immediately, you could consider trying to rebuild your credit before applying. There are credit builder loans, which are specifically designed to help you build up a strong payment history and improve your credit in the process. Unlike a traditional loan, you pay for a credit builder loan each month and then receive the sum after your final payment. Since these loans represent no risk to lenders, they’re often willing to extend them to people with poor credit history looking to raise their score.
Bottom line: You can get a loan even with bad credit—but sometimes it’s wise to find ways to raise your score before applying.
12. Credit scores aren’t the only deciding factor for lending decisions
While credit scores are important in lending decisions, lenders may take other factors into account when deciding whether to offer you new credit. For example, your income and employment can play a significant role in your approval odds. Additionally, some loans (like auto loans and mortgages) are secured by collateral that the lender can seize if you default. These loans may be considered less risky for the lender in certain cases because the asset can help offset any losses from nonpayment.
In many cases, your debt-to-income ratio is also an important factor in whether you’re approved for a loan or credit card. Lenders consider your current monthly debt payments (from all sources) as well as your monthly income to determine whether you may be overextended financially.
Two different people may pay $1,500 each month for student loans, a car payment and a mortgage. That said, if one individual makes $3,500 each month and the other makes $8,000 each month, their situations will be considered very differently by a potential lender.
Bottom line: Keeping your credit score high can help you secure credit when you need it, but you’ll want to stay on top of all aspects of your financial health.
13. Your credit report can help you spot fraud
Regularly checking your credit report can help you notice fraud or identity theft. If someone is using your information to open accounts, they will show up on your credit report.
If you notice an account that you did not open, you’ll want to start taking steps to protect your identity from any further damage. You may also want to freeze or lock your credit, which prevents anyone from using your information to open up more accounts.
Bottom line: Reviewing your credit report provides you an opportunity to notice when something is amiss.
14. Joint accounts affect your credit scores, but you do not have joint scores
If you have a joint account with someone else, that account will be reflected on both of your credit reports. For example, a loan that was opened by you and your spouse will show up for both of you—and will affect both of your credit scores. That said, your credit history, credit report and credit score remain separate. No one—including married couples—has a joint credit report or joint credit score.
In addition to joint accounts, you may also have authorized users on your credit card, or be an authorized user yourself. Authorized users have access to account funds, but they are not liable for debts. That means that if you make someone an authorized user on your credit card, they can rack up charges, but you’ll be on the hook if they don’t pay.
Because joint account owners and authorized users can influence credit scores in significant ways, we advise you to be careful about who you open accounts with or provide authorization to.
Bottom line: Even though joint account owners and authorized users can influence someone else’s credit, there are no shared credit reports or joint credit scores.
15. Many credit reports contain inaccurate credit information
The Federal Trade Commission found that one in five people has an error on at least one of their credit reports, and these inaccuracies can greatly impact your credit. (Also see this 2015 follow-up study from the FTC for more information regarding credit report errors.) This is why you should frequently check your credit report and dispute any inaccurate information. For example, since payment history accounts for 30 percent of your credit score, one wrong late payment can significantly hurt your score.
It’s important to get your credit facts straight so you understand exactly how different things impact your score. One of the first things you should learn is how to read your credit report so you can quickly spot discrepancies and ensure that the information reported is fair and accurate.
After scrutinizing your credit report, you can look into other ways to fix your credit, like paying late or past-due accounts, so you can help your credit with your newfound knowledge. You can also take advantage of Lexington Law Firm’s credit repair services to get extra help and additional legal knowledge to assist you.
Bottom line: Your credit report could have inaccurate information that’s hurting your score unfairly. Fortunately, there is a credit dispute process that can help you clean up your report and ensure all of the information on it is correct.
Note: Articles have only been reviewed by the indicated attorney, not written by them. The information provided on this website does not, and is not intended to, act as legal, financial or credit advice; instead, it is for general informational purposes only. Use of, and access to, this website or any of the links or resources contained within the site do not create an attorney-client or fiduciary relationship between the reader, user, or browser and website owner, authors, reviewers, contributors, contributing firms, or their respective agents or employers.
Reviewed By
Nature Lewis
Associate Attorney
Before joining Lexington Law as an Associate Attorney, Nature Lewis managed a successful practice representing tenants in Maricopa County.
Through her representation of tenants, Nature gained experience in Federal law, Family law, Probate, Consumer protection and Civil law. She received numerous accolades for her dedication to Tenant Protection in Arizona, including, John P. Frank Advocate for Justice Award in 2016, Top 50 Pro Bono Attorney of 2015, New Tenant Attorney of the Year in 2015 and Maricopa County Attorney of the Month in March 2015. Nature continued her dedication to pro bono work while volunteering at Community Legal Services’ Volunteer Lawyer’s Program and assisting victims of Domestic Violence at the local shelter. Nature is passionate about providing free knowledge to the underserved community and continues to hold free seminars about tenant rights and plans to incorporate consumer rights in her free seminars. Nature is a wife and mother of 5 children. She and her husband have been married for 24 years and enjoy traveling internationally, watching movies and promoting their indie published comic books!