Mortgage rates moved higher for all types of loans compared to a week ago, according to data compiled by Bankrate. Rates for 30-year fixed, 15-year fixed, 5/1 ARMs and jumbo loans increased.
After surpassing 8 percent in late October, mortgage rates have somewhat retreated. One big driver: Inflation has cooled, which means the Federal Reserve might end its rate increases. The Fed last hiked its key interest rate in July, which increased borrowing costs on a variety of financial products, including mortgages.
The central bank decided to hold firm at its November meeting, indicating it expects rates to stay on the higher side for the foreseeable future.
“Expectations of slower economic growth, moderating inflation and no more Fed interest rate hikes have been a downward influence on mortgage rates,” says Greg McBride, CFA, chief financial analyst for Bankrate.
The slight decline in mortgage rates comes alongside appreciating home prices. Home values have now climbed for eight months in a row, according to the S&P CoreLogic Case-Shiller index for September 2023.
Rates last updated December 5, 2023.
These rates are Bankrate’s overnight average rates and are based on the assumptions indicated here. Actual rates displayed across the site may vary. This story has been reviewed by Suzanne De Vita. All rate data accurate as of Tuesday, December 5th, 2023 at 7:30 a.m.
30-year mortgage rate moves higher, +7.53%
The average rate for a 30-year fixed mortgage for today is 7.53 percent, up 753 basis points over the last week. A month ago, the average rate on a 30-year fixed mortgage was higher, at 7.83 percent.
At the current average rate, you’ll pay a combined $701.27 per month in principal and interest for every $100,000 you borrow. That’s an increase of $701.27 over what you would have paid last week.
The popular 30-year mortgage has a number of advantages:
Lower monthly payment: Compared to a shorter term, such as 15 years, the 30-year mortgage offers lower, more affordable payments spread over time.
Stability: With a 30-year fixed mortgage, you lock in a set principal and interest payment, making it easier to plan your housing expenses for the long term. Remember: Your monthly housing payment can still change if your homeowners insurance premiums and property taxes go up or, less likely, down.
Buying power: With lower payments, you might qualify for a larger loan amountor a more expensive home.
Flexibility: Lower monthly payments can free up some of your monthly budget for other goals, like building an emergency fund, contributing to retirement or college tuition, or saving for home repairs and maintenance.
Learn more: What is a fixed-rate mortgage and how does it work?
15-year mortgage rate moves up, +6.80%
The average 15-year fixed-mortgage rate is 6.80 percent, up 680 basis points over the last week.
Monthly payments on a 15-year fixed mortgage at that rate will cost around $888 per $100,000 borrowed. Yes, that payment is much bigger than it would be on a 30-year mortgage, but it comes with some big advantages: You’ll come out several thousand dollars ahead over the life of the loan in total interest paid and build equity much more rapidly.
5/1 adjustable rate mortgage rises, +6.78%
The average rate on a 5/1 ARM is 6.78 percent, ticking up 678 basis points over the last 7 days.
Adjustable-rate mortgages, or ARMs, are mortgage terms that come with a floating interest rate. In other words, the interest rate will change at regular intervals, unlike fixed-rate mortgages. These loan types are best for those who expect to sell or refinance before the first or second adjustment. Rates could be much higher when the loan first adjusts, and thereafter.
While borrowers shunned ARMs during the pandemic days of super-low rates, this type of loan has made a comeback as mortgage rates have risen.
Monthly payments on a 5/1 ARM at 6.78 percent would cost about $651 for each $100,000 borrowed over the initial five years, but could climb hundreds of dollars higher afterward, depending on the loan’s terms.
The average rate for a 30-year jumbo mortgage is 7.59 percent, up 759 basis points since the same time last week. Last month on the 5th, jumbo mortgages’ average rate was higher, at 7.82 percent.
At the current average rate, you’ll pay $705.39 per month in principal and interest for every $100,000 you borrow. That’s $705.39 higher compared with last week.
Mortgage refinance rates
Current 30 year mortgage refinance rate climbs, +7.63%
The average 30-year fixed-refinance rate is 7.63 percent, up 763 basis points compared with a week ago. A month ago, the average rate on a 30-year fixed refinance was higher, at 7.96 percent.
At the current average rate, you’ll pay $708.14 per month in principal and interest for every $100,000 you borrow. That’s an extra $708.14 compared with last week.
Where are mortgage rates heading?
Mortgage rates have done a 180 as of late, falling back under 8 percent. With inflation cooling and 10-year Treasury yields declining, the 30-year fixed mortgage could head into the 6 percent range by next year, said Lawrence Yun, chief economist of the National Association of Realtors, at the group’s conference in November.
“I believe we’ve already reached the peak in terms of interest rates,” said Yun.
The rates on 30-year mortgages mostly follow the 10-year Treasury, which shifts continuously as economic conditions dictate, while the cost of variable-rate home loans mirror the Fed’s moves. These broader factors influence overall rate movement. As a borrower, you could be quoted a higher or lower rate compared to the trend.
What today’s rates mean for your mortgage
While mortgage rates fluctuate considerably,, there is some consensus that we won’t see rates back at 3 percent for some time. If you’re shopping for a mortgage now, it might be wise to lock your rate when you find an affordable loan. If your house-hunt is taking longer than anticipated, revisit your budget so you’ll know exactly how much house you can afford at prevailing market rates.
You could save serious money on interest by getting at least three loan offers, according to Freddie Mac research. You don’t have to stick with your bank or credit union, either. There are many types of mortgage lenders, including online-only and local, smaller shops.
“All too often, some [homebuyers] take the path of least resistance when seeking a mortgage, in part because the process of buying a home can be stressful, complicated and time-consuming,” says Mark Hamrick, senior economic analyst for Bankrate. “But when we’re talking about the potential of saving a lot of money, seeking the best deal on a mortgage has an excellent return on investment. Why leave that money on the table when all it takes is a bit more effort to shop around for the best rate, or lowest cost, on a mortgage?”
More on current mortgage rates
Methodology
Bankrate displays two sets of rate averages that are produced from two surveys we conduct: one daily (“overnight averages”) and the other weekly (“Bankrate Monitor averages”).
The rates on this page represent our overnight averages. For these averages, APRs and rates are based on no existing relationship or automatic payments.
Learn more about Bankrate’s rate averages, editorial guidelines and how we make money.
California-based Pennymac Financial Services’s broker division, Pennymac TPO,launched a home equity loan product as tappable home equity nears its 2022 peak.
“Pennymac’s broker partners can now offer their clients a home equity loan as a second lien solution to access more cash, while still preserving the low interest rate of their first mortgage,” the company said.
A home equity loan — also known as a second mortgage — enables a homeowner to borrow money by leveraging equity in a home. The borrower receives the loan amount in one lump sum, which is paid back in monthly payments, typically for a term of up to 30 years.
The product is eligible only for primary residences with fixed-rate term structures of 10, 15, 20 or 30 years.
Currently available in 11 states, the minimum loan amount is $50,000 and the maximum is $500,000 with an 85% loan-to-value (LTV).
Pennymac’s home equity loan for brokers comes as U.S. homeowners sit on some $16.4 trillion of home equity in the third quarter of 2023. Tappable equity – the amount that can be accessed after retaining a 20% equity stake – stood at $10.6 trillion, nearing the peak in 2022, according to ICE Mortgage Technology‘s mortgage monitor report.
While cash-out refinancing was a popular way to access accumulated home equity when mortgage rates were lower, that’s a lot less appealing with rates over 7%.
Even with higher levels of home equity, borrowers are more likely to take out a second-lien mortgage rather than lose a low rate on their first mortgage through a cash-out refi.
Pennymac reported a total of $19 billion in total acquisitions and originations to date in the fourth quarter, including $16.3 billion in correspondent acquisitions; $1.6 billion in broker direct originations; and $600 million in consumer direct originations, according to its latest 8-K filing with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on Monday.
It’s almost that time, when everyone resolves to do better and achieve more in the coming year. And a new survey suggests that some people may be fueling their 2024 resolutions with the financial regrets of 2023.
About two-thirds (67%) of Americans have financial regrets for 2023, according to a NerdWallet survey conducted online by The Harris Poll on Oct. 10-12. And three-fourths (75%) of that group say those regrets will lead to new resolutions in 2024.
Every year we face obstacles to our money goals. We may start out with plans to save more and spend less, but life happens. This year began with expenses taking bigger bites out of paychecks, in the form of high inflation. And as the year progressed, increasingly high interest rates added costs to credit card balances and loans, making it more expensive to borrow. Macroeconomic factors like these can be enough to derail financial goals alone, but if they’re paired with job loss, unexpected expenses or other household circumstances, they can push goals further and further out of reach.
If you have financial regrets, you’re in good company. And if your hope is to turn them into successes in 2024, plenty of other Americans have the same plan. Here’s how some of those regrets may have come about and what to expect in the year ahead.
Money regret No. 1: Not saving more
Nearly one-fourth (23%) of Americans regret not saving enough for their financial goals in 2023, according to the NerdWallet survey. And about one in five (21%) regret not saving for emergencies.
Government relief payments paired with constrained spending during COVID shutdowns to bring the personal saving rate to all-time highs in 2020 and 2021. In 2023, that rate, which measures the percentage of disposable income that can be saved, on average, settled below historic averages, making it more difficult to save for big purchases or unexpected emergencies.
In 2024: The personal saving rate, as a national average, is likely to stay on the low side. However, with inflation continuing to come down, you may find it easier to set aside funds in 2024 than you did in 2023. If you don’t have an emergency fund, start there — having a cushion set aside for unexpected expenses can insulate many of your other financial objectives. Then, set measurable and specific benchmarks — such as setting aside a certain portion of every paycheck — to get you toward your longer-term savings goals.
Money regret No. 2: Overspending
More than one in five (22%) Americans regret overspending on entertainment in 2023; 11% regret overspending on travel and 11% regret overspending on a big event (such as a wedding or party), according to the survey.
Consumer spending in 2023 has been surprisingly resilient in the face of inflation and high interest rates. This consumer resilience has been credited with keeping the economy strong when many expected a recession. But there is also evidence that this spending in the face of adversity has been achieved by busting household budgets.
In 2024: Overspending is a risk every year — it’s hard not to splurge on things like entertainment, travel and parties (we all enjoy a good time). The first step to reining in these urges, however, is setting a clear budget. Whether it’s a weekly entertainment budget or a wedding budget, setting a clear expectation for yourself beforehand can help ensure you’re not left with remorse when the dust settles.
Money regret No. 3: Mismanaging credit card debt
Equal shares of Americans (16%) regret not reducing/or paying off their credit card debt and taking on too much credit card debt in 2023, according to the survey.
Credit card debt levels fell during 2020 and early 2021, as people had excess money thanks to relief payments and student loan forbearance, for example, and were generally spending less due to COVID lockdowns. But since then, debt levels have been surpassing pre-pandemic normal. If you used your cards less in 2021 and even paid off some debt, this return to “normal” can feel especially bad.
In 2024: When your finances are in good shape, using credit cards as a tool — to earn points and cash back, for instance — can help you reach money goals more quickly. However, when you’re in debt or have to turn to a credit card to cover an emergency expense, the interest can pile up quickly and make it difficult to dig yourself out. Interest rates will likely remain high throughout 2024, so getting those balances under control is even more important. Make a concrete debt payoff plan, and if you’re struggling to make payments, consider debt relief options such as consolidation and debt management.
Lest 2023 sound like nothing more than money woes: More than three in five (62%) Americans say they achieved financial goals they set out to reach in 2023. Financial headwinds are always present in one form or another. Preparing for them and learning from mistakes may set you up for a greater chance of success in the near future.
METHODOLOGY
This survey was conducted online within the United States by The Harris Poll on behalf of NerdWallet from Oct. 10-12, 2023, among 2,096 U.S. adults ages 18 and older. The sampling precision of Harris online polls is measured by using a Bayesian credible interval. For this study, the sample data is accurate to within +/- 2.7 percentage points using a 95% confidence level. For complete survey methodology, including weighting variables and subgroup sample sizes, please contact [email protected].
Disclaimer
NerdWallet disclaims, expressly and impliedly, all warranties of any kind, including those of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose or whether the article’s information is accurate, reliable or free of errors. Use or reliance on this information is at your own risk, and its completeness and accuracy are not guaranteed. The contents in this article should not be relied upon or associated with the future performance of NerdWallet or any of its affiliates or subsidiaries. Statements that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties as indicated by words such as “believes,” “expects,” “estimates,” “may,” “will,” “should” or “anticipates” or similar expressions. These forward-looking statements may materially differ from NerdWallet’s presentation of information to analysts and its actual operational and financial results.
Portions of this article were drafted using an in-house natural language generation platform. The article was reviewed, fact-checked and edited by our editorial staff.
Key takeaways
Conforming loans are mortgages that meet the criteria set by the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA). They’re eligible to be purchased by government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
These loans have set limits and guidelines for borrower credit profiles, down payments and property types.
The FHFA adjusts the conforming loan limits every November to account for changes in the housing market.
If you’re shopping for a mortgage, you may have heard the term “conforming loan” thrown around. But what does it mean, how does it work and why should you consider getting one? Here’s everything you need to know about conforming loans and how they can benefit you.
What is a conforming loan?
A conforming loan refers to a type of conventional mortgage that aligns with the criteria set by the FHFA. Meeting these established standards makes these loans eligible to be purchased by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. By buying mortgages, Fannie and Freddie reduce risk for lenders. This practice also frees up more money for lenders to use to fund additional mortgages. Because of this, most mortgage lenders offer conforming loans.
Within conforming loans, there’s the option for a fixed or an adjustable rate. Term lengths can also vary, with 15- and 30-year terms being the most popular.
How do conforming loans work?
After you take out a conforming loan from a lender, here’s what happens next:
After your loan closes, your lender submits your loan to either Freddie Mac or Fannie Mae for purchase. They examine your loan paperwork, request clarification on any necessary details and eventually buy the loan.
Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae package these loans together to create mortgage-backed securities (MBSs), which are then sold to investors. Investors rely on MBSs as a consistent source of income (provided by the mortgage holders’ monthly payments). MBSs are somewhat like mutual or exchange-traded funds: Each may contain a large number of loans, sometimes as many as 1,000.
This consistent stream of MBS results in the establishment of a secondary mortgage market, fostering a continuous demand for fresh mortgages.
Conforming loan limits and rules
A mortgage must abide by certain standards to be considered conforming and eligible for Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to purchase. These requirements include:
Loan limit – 2023’s limits are $726,200 for a single-family home in most markets, but up to $1,089,300 in higher-cost areas. (In 2024, the limit jumps to $766,550 in most areas and $1,149,825 in high-cost regions.)
Borrower credit score – At least 620
Borrower debt ratios – Ideally, a debt-to-income (DTI) ratio of 36 percent or less, though it can go up to 50 percent with specific compensating factors
Down payment/home equity – At least 3 percent down for a purchase or 5 percent equity for a refinance. However, if you put down less than 20 percent or have less than that in equity, you’ll need to pay private mortgage insurance (PMI) and will have a higher interest rate.
Loan-to-value (LTV) ratio – As high as 97 percent, depending on the mortgage and the borrower
Learn more: Conforming loan limits in 2023
How the FHFA regulates conforming loans
The FHFA compares the increase or decrease in the average house price from October to October every year, as indicated by the Housing Price Index. It uses this percentage change as the basis to adjust loan limits. This method ensures that the loan limits reflect the current housing market and allows buyers continued access to conforming mortgages.
Pros and cons of conforming loans
Pros
Low down payment: For conforming loans, the minimum down payment is 3 percent. This is much lower than a non-conforming jumbo loan, which is usually 10 to 20 percent.
More readily available: Conforming loans are some of the most popular mortgage products available. That means you’ll have many different lenders to choose from. Plus, since the process is standardized, you may be able to close on your home quicker and easier with a conforming loan.
You can avoid mortgage insurance: If you put at least 20 percent down on a conventional conforming loan, you won’t need to pay for private mortgage insurance. Even if you don’t put 20 percent down, you can have PMI removed once you have 20 percent equity. The average cost of PMI is 0.46 percent to 1.5 percent of the loan amount per month, according to an analysis by the Urban Institute, so this cost can be significant.
Cons
Borrowing limits: The home you want to buy could exceed conforming loan limits, especially if you’re in a higher-priced market.
Higher credit score needed: You need a credit score of 620 or higher for a conventional conforming loan, whereas some government loans can be had for a score as low as 500.
Limits on debts: Your DTI ratio must meet conforming loan standards set by the FHFA. The maximum DTI ratio is typically 36 percent. Sometimes, that can stretch to 43 percent or even 50 percent if you have other “compensating factors,” such as a higher credit score.
Conforming vs. non-conforming loans
A conforming loan conforms to the FHFA’s standards pertaining to the borrower’s credit, down payment and loan size. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac will only purchase conforming conventional loans. A non-conforming loan doesn’t conform to these standards, so Fannie and Freddie won’t buy it from the lender.
The fact that a loan is non-conforming doesn’t mean it’s bad, however. It simply means that it doesn’t meet the criteria for purchase by the government-sponsored enterprises. You may need a non-conforming jumbo loan, for example, to purchase a home that exceeds the conforming loan limit for that area.
Additionally, some mortgage lenders offer nonconforming loan options tailored to borrowers with credit challenges or sketchy histories — like a bankruptcy in their recent past. The lender has more leeway in approving applicants, since it doesn’t have to meet the federal standards.
Of course, it has more leeway in setting fees, terms and other conditions, too. Nonconforming loans often charge higher interest rates than conforming loans, or impose more fees.
Conforming vs. conventional loans
Both conforming loans and conventional loans refer to private (non-government) and commercial mortgage loans. And their meanings overlap.
But “conventional loan” is a broader category. A conforming loan is one that meets specific criteria set by the FHFA, including conforming loan limits. A conventional loan is any loan that isn’t guaranteed or insured by the government (FHA, VA and USDA loans). Conventional loans can be either conforming or non-conforming.
In short: All conforming loans are conventional loans, but not all conventional loans are conforming loans.
How to get the best conforming loan for you
There are several steps you can take to help you get the best conforming loan for your circumstances:
1. Check your credit report
As far in advance as possible, check your credit report and history at AnnualCreditReport.com. Check your reports carefully for out-of-date items and factual errors. Dispute any errors you spot, because even minor issues can result in a lower credit score.
2. Get your documents in order
Get your paperwork together so you’re prepared for the mortgage application process. Lenders can now get a lot of information directly from banks and the IRS, but it’s still a good idea to have documents like payroll stubs, bank statements, retirement accounts, W-2 forms and tax returns handy.
3. Compare loan rates
Take the time to compare mortgage offers from at least three different lenders. Consider your needs and preferences when creating a short list of lenders to work with. You might want to start with your bank (if it offers mortgages), or consider a credit union or online lender, for example. Beyond the general terms of the loan, look closely at each lender’s fees and points.
Different lenders have different financing products available. Also, the same sort of loan’s terms may vary, depending on your creditworthiness.
You can find conforming loan rates through Bankrate, which provides mortgage rates for both 30-year and 15-year loans daily. When comparing mortgage rates, consider the following:
If you think interest rates will rise in the coming month or so, you might choose to lock your rate to ensure the lowest rate possible.
Interest rates may differ depending on your credentials as a borrower. Beware of rates that seem too low to be true given your financial position. If you do encounter a low rate, it could be that its percentage will be offset by bigger upfront costs. Be sure to evaluate the complete cost of the loan (interest rate and fees) carefully, as indicated by its annual percentage rate (APR).
Remember that you can get either a fixed- or adjustable-rate mortgage. A fixed-rate mortgage generally ranges from 10 to 30 years, and the interest rate remains the same for the life of the loan. With an adjustable-rate mortgage, your interest rate stays fixed for an introductory period, usually for 3 to 10 years, and is typically lower than fixed-rate loans. After that period, the rate will fluctuate based on market factors.
4. Get preapproved
Once you find a lender you’re interested in working with, you can get preapproved for a loan. Preapproval can help expedite the financing process and uncover any issues related to your credit before they show up when you formally apply for a mortgage. Getting preapproved also helps demonstrate to a home seller that you’re a serious buyer.
5. Avoid excessive spending
Lenders will keep a close eye on your credit and spending right up until your mortgage closing date. Think of the time between when you apply for a loan and when you close as a “quiet” period, when you spend as little as possible. While your mortgage application is processing, don’t apply for any new credit, such as a credit card or personal loan, and avoid unneeded large purchases. This will help ensure the closing process goes smoothly and you receive the financing you’re expecting.
Conforming loans FAQ
Conforming loan limits are set annually by the FHFA to account for housing market changes. By adjusting their baseline loan limit, the FHFA allows average homebuyers to secure a conforming conventional mortgage despite rising housing costs.
For 2023, the FHFA raised the baseline conforming loan limit to $726,200. In higher-cost regions, the limit is even higher — up to $1,089,300. This adjustment is part of the FHFA’s initiatives to support accessibility to mortgages for average buyers. For 2024, those limits jump to $766,550 in most areas and to $1,149,825 in pricey regions.
Unfortunately, one of the immovable standards for conforming loans is the loan limit — you can only borrow so much and no more. One workaround is a piggyback loan, in which you get a smaller mortgage atop a larger one: Together, they add up to enough to finance the home.
A conforming loan can have a lower down payment as long as the borrower pays private mortgage insurance (PMI). By paying for PMI, you can get a conforming loan with as little as 3 percent down if you have a Conventional 97, Fannie Mae HomeReady or a Freddie Mac HomeOne or Home Possible mortgage.
To qualify you for a conforming loan, lenders evaluate your debt ratios. There are two debt ratio measures, sometimes expressed as 28/36: the front-end and back-end. The front-end ratio measures how much of your gross monthly income is allocated to your mortgage, including the monthly payment (principal and interest), property taxes, insurance and HOA fees (if applicable). Typically, lenders look for a front-end ratio of 28 percent or less. The back-end ratio, also called the debt-to-income (DTI) ratio, includes the front-end ratio plus other monthly debt obligations, such as an auto loan, student debt, personal loan and credit card payments. (To derive your DTI, use this handy calculator). For conforming loan consideration, the maximum back-end ratio is 36 percent. It’s possible to get a conforming loan with higher debt ratios, but lower is generally better for both borrower and lender.
All investments carry some risk, but the difference between speculating and investing is the amount of risk involved. Speculative investments are typically short-term, and far riskier than traditional investing products and strategies, and may involve the risk of total loss.
Investing typically indicates a more long-term approach to making a profit, with an eye toward managing risk.
Defining Investing and Speculation
Speculating often describes scenarios when there’s a high chance the investment will deliver losses, but also when the investment could result in a high profit. High-risk, high-reward investments include commodities, crypto, derivatives, futures, and more.
In contrast, investing generally refers to transactions where an individual has researched an asset, and puts money into it with the hope that prices will rise over time. There are no guarantees, of course, and all types of investing include some form of risk.
Examples of Investments and Speculative Investments
Assets that are thought of as more traditional types of investments include publicly traded stocks, mutual funds, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), bonds (e.g. U.S. Treasury bonds, municipal bonds, high-grade corporate bonds), and real estate.
Even some so-called alternative investments would be considered more long-term and less speculative: e.g., jewelry, art, collectibles.
Assets that are almost always considered speculative are junk bonds, options, futures, cryptocurrency, forex and foreign currencies, and investments in startup companies.
Sometimes it isn’t as simple as saying that all investments in the stock market or in exchange-traded funds or in mutual funds hold the same amount of risk, or are “definitely” classified as investments. Even within certain asset classes, there can be large variations across the speculation spectrum. 💡 Quick Tip: Before opening an investment account, know your investment objectives, time horizon, and risk tolerance. These fundamentals will help keep your strategy on track and with the aim of meeting your goals.
The Traditional Approach to Investing
When it comes to the more traditional approach to investing, individuals typically buy and hold assets in their investment portfolios or retirement accounts, with the aim of seeing reasonable, long-term gains.
Traditional forms of investing focus on the performance of the underlying business or organization, not on the day-to-day or hour-by-hour price movements of an asset.
For this reason, more traditional investors tend to rely on various forms of analysis (e.g. fundamental analysis of stocks) and analytical tools and metrics to gauge the health of a company, asset, or market sector.
Speculation: A High-Risk, High-Reward Game
The difference between speculating and investing can be nuanced and a matter of opinion. (After all, some investors view the stock market as a form of gambling.) But when traders are speculating, they are typically seeking super-high gains in a relatively short period of time: e.g., hours, days, or weeks.
In the case of commodities or futures trading, the time horizon might be longer, but the aim of making a big profit fairly quickly is at the heart of most speculation.
Speculators may also use leverage, a.k.a. margin trading, to boost their buying power and amplify gains where possible (although using leverage can also lead to steep losses).
The Psychology of Investing vs. Speculating
The psychology of a typical investor is quite different from that of a speculative investor, and again revolves around the higher tolerance for risk in pursuit of a potentially bigger reward in a very short time frame.
Long-Term Investing
Speculating
Taking calculated or minimal risks
Willing to take on high-risk endeavors
Pursuit of reasonable gains
Pursuit of abnormally high returns
Willing to invest for the long term
Willing to invest only for the short term
Uses a mix of traditional investments and strategies (e.g. stocks, bonds, funds)
Uses single strategies and alternative investments
Infrequent use of leverage/margin
Frequent use of leverage/margin
Historical Perspectives on Investing and Speculation
The history of investing and speculating has long been entwined. In the earliest days of trading thousands of years ago, most markets were focused on the exchange of tangible commodities like livestock, grain, etc. Wealthy investors might put their money into global voyages or even wars. Thus many early investors could be described as speculators.
But investing in forms of debt as a way to make money was also common, eventually leading to the bond market as we know it today.
The concept of investing in companies and focusing on longer-term gains took hold gradually. As markets became more sophisticated over the centuries, and a wider range of technologies, strategies, and financial products came into use, the division between investing and speculating became more distinct.
Recommended: What Causes a Stock Market Bubble?
Speculation History: Notable Market Bubbles and Crashes
The history of investing is rife with market bubbles, manias, and crashes. While the speculative market around tulip bulbs in 17th-century Holland is well known, as is the Great Financial Crisis here in the U.S. in 2008-09, there have been many similar financial events throughout the world — most of them driven by speculation.
What marks a bubble is a well-established series of stages driven by investor emotions like exuberance (i.e., greed) followed by panic and loss. That’s because many investors tend to be irrational, especially when in pursuit of a quick profit that seems like “a sure thing.”
Some classic examples of financial bubbles that changed the course of history:
• The South Sea Bubble (U.K., 1711 to 1720) — The South Sea company was created in 1711 to help reduce national war debt. The company stock peaked in 1720 and then crashed, taking with it the fortunes of many.
• The Roaring Twenties (U.S., 1924 to 1929) — The 1920s saw a rapid expansion of the U.S. economy, thanks to both corporations’ and consumers’ growing use of credit. Stock market speculation reached a peak in 1929, followed by the infamous crash, and the Great Depression.
• Japanese Bubble Economy (1984 to 1989) — The Japanese economy experienced a historic two-decade period of growth beginning in the 1960s, that was further fueled by financial deregulation and widespread speculation that artificially inflated the worth of many corporations and land values. By late 1989, as the government raised interest rates, the economy fell into a prolonged slowdown that took years to recover from.
• Dot-Com Bubble (1995 to 2002) — Sparked by rapid internet adoption, the dot-com boom saw the rapid growth of tech companies in the late 1990s, when the Nasdaq rose 800%. But by October 2002 it had fallen 78% from that high mark.
Key Differences Between Investing and Speculating
What can be confusing for some investors is that there is an overlap between investing in the traditional sense, and speculative investing in higher risk instruments.
And some types of investing fall into the gray area between the two. For example, options trading, commodities trading, or buying IPO stock are considered high-risk endeavors that should be reserved for more experienced investors. What makes these types of investments more speculative, again, is the shorter time frame and the overall risk level.
Time Horizon: Long-term Goals vs. Quick Gains
As noted above, investors typically take a longer view and invest for a longer time frame; speculators seek quick-turn profits within a shorter period.
That’s because more traditional investors are inclined to seek profits over time, based on the quality of their investments. This strategy at its core is a way of managing risk in order to maximize potential gains.
Speculators are more aggressive: They’re geared toward quick profits, using a single strategy or asset to deliver an outsized gain — with a willingness to accept a much higher risk factor, and the potential for steep losses.
Fundamental Analysis vs. Market Timing
As a result of these two different mindsets, investors and speculators utilize different means of achieving their ends.
Investors focused on more traditional strategies might use tools like fundamental analysis to gauge the worthiness of an investment.
Speculators don’t necessarily base their choices on the quality of a certain asset. They’re more interested in the technical analysis of securities that will help them predict and, ideally, profit from short-term price movements. While buy-and-hold investors focus on time in the market, speculators are looking to time the market. 💡 Quick Tip: How to manage potential risk factors in a self-directed investment account? Doing your research and employing strategies like dollar-cost averaging and diversification may help mitigate financial risk when trading stocks.
Real-World Implications of Investment vs. Speculation
To better understand the respective value and impact of investing vs. speculating, it helps to consider the real-world implications of each strategy.
The Impact of Speculation on Markets
It’s important to remember that speculation occurs in many if not all market sectors. So speculation isn’t bad, nor does it always add to volatility — although in certain circumstances it can.
For example, some point to IPO shares as an example of how speculative investors, who are looking for quick profits, may help fuel the volatility of IPO stock.
Speculation does add liquidity to the markets, though, which facilitates trading. And speculative investors often inject cash into companies that need it, which provides a vital function in the economy.
Strategic Approaches to Investment
Whether an investor chooses a more traditional route or a more speculative one, or a combination of these strategies, comes down to that person’s skill, goals, and ability to tolerate risk.
Diversification and Asset Allocation
For more traditional, longer-term investors, there are two main tools in their toolkit that help manage risk over time.
• Diversification is the practice of investing in more than one asset class, and also diversifying within that asset class. Studies have shown that by diversifying the assets in your portfolio, you may offset a certain amount of investment risk and thereby improve returns.
• Asset allocation is the practice of balancing a portfolio between more aggressive and more conservative holdings, also with the aim of growth while managing risk.
When Does Speculation Make Sense?
Speculation makes sense for a certain type of investor, with a certain level of experience and risk profile. It’s not so much that speculative investing always makes sense in Cases A, B, or C. It’s more about an investor mastering certain speculative strategies to the degree that they feel comfortable with the level of risk they’re taking on.
The Takeaway
One way to differentiate between investment and speculation is through the lens of probability. If an asset is purchased that carries a reasonable probability of profit over time, it’s an investment. If an asset carries a higher likelihood of significant fluctuation and volatility, it is speculation.
A long-term commitment to a broad stock market investment, like an equity-based index fund, is generally considered an investment. Historical data shows us that the likelihood of seeing gains over long periods, like 20 years or more, is high.
Compare that with a trader who purchases a single stock with the expectation that the price will surge that very day (or even that year!) — which is far more difficult to predict and has a much lower probability of success.
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Investment Risk: Diversification can help reduce some investment risk. It cannot guarantee profit, or fully protect in a down market.
Investing in an Initial Public Offering (IPO) involves substantial risk, including the risk of loss. Further, there are a variety of risk factors to consider when investing in an IPO, including but not limited to, unproven management, significant debt, and lack of operating history. For a comprehensive discussion of these risks please refer to SoFi Securities’ IPO Risk Disclosure Statement. IPOs offered through SoFi Securities are not a recommendation and investors should carefully read the offering prospectus to determine whether an offering is consistent with their investment objectives, risk tolerance, and financial situation.
New offerings generally have high demand and there are a limited number of shares available for distribution to participants. Many customers may not be allocated shares and share allocations may be significantly smaller than the shares requested in the customer’s initial offer (Indication of Interest). For SoFi’s allocation procedures please refer to IPO Allocation Procedures. Crypto: Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies aren’t endorsed or guaranteed by any government, are volatile, and involve a high degree of risk. Consumer protection and securities laws don’t regulate cryptocurrencies to the same degree as traditional brokerage and investment products. Research and knowledge are essential prerequisites before engaging with any cryptocurrency. US regulators, including FINRA , the SEC , and the CFPB , have issued public advisories concerning digital asset risk. Cryptocurrency purchases should not be made with funds drawn from financial products including student loans, personal loans, mortgage refinancing, savings, retirement funds or traditional investments. Limitations apply to trading certain crypto assets and may not be available to residents of all states.
*Borrow at 10%. Utilizing a margin loan is generally considered more appropriate for experienced investors as there are additional costs and risks associated. It is possible to lose more than your initial investment when using margin. Please see SoFi.com/wealth/assets/documents/brokerage-margin-disclosure-statement.pdf for detailed disclosure information. Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
The information provided on this website does not, and is not intended to, act as legal, financial or credit advice.
A CD rate refers to the interest someone can earn on a certificate of deposit over time.
A certificate of deposit (CD) is a term deposit where funds are only accessible after a set period. A CD rate refers to the interest that a person can earn on a certificate of deposit over time. There’s more to understand about CDs, including the factors that affect them and the various ways you can find solid rates.
Read on to learn how Credit.com can help you boost your financial knowledge and better understand how CD rates work.
Key Takeaways
Certificates of deposit (CDs) are savings accounts that brokerage firms, commercial banks, credit unions, and other financial institutions offer for set amounts of time.
The term CD rate refers to the interest you can gain on a CD account.
Inflation, trends in the banking industry, and government policies can impact CD rates.
Table of contents:
What Is a CD (Certificate of Deposit)?
A certificate of deposit (CD) is a term deposit (sometimes called a time deposit) wherein funds are set aside for a preset period of time. Once a person puts money toward a CD, they can’t access those funds until the account reaches maturity—or the date when the term ends.
Brokerage firms, commercial banks, credit unions, and most other financial institutions sell a selection of CDs that patrons can opt into. Some of the best banking apps available let you browse an institution’s inventory of CDs with your smartphone.
How Does a CD Work?
With a CD, a person deposits a certain amount of money into a time-locked account that’s offered by a financial institution. The institution will then borrow that money to make purchases or investments that will ideally generate more revenue. Since the bank is borrowing your money, they have to pay you interest that’s determined by your CD’s interest rate—often just called a CD rate for short.
If you’re still wondering, “How do CDs work?” here’s an example: Let’s say you put $1,000 toward a CD with a five-year term and an annual percentage yield (APY) of 3.14%. Once the account reaches maturity, you’ll earn $167.74 in interest.
What Are Add-On CDs?
Add-on CDs let people put more money toward a CD before it reaches maturity. You still can’t access the funds until the term ends, but you can increase the interest you’ll earn up to a certain amount.
CD vs. Savings Account
CDs and savings accounts meet two different needs. Savings accounts are solid ways to store funds for long periods. CDs, on the other hand, are investments to make money in the future. Savings accounts, especially high-yield savings accounts, can also generate revenue based on the total funds within the account. CDs, however, can yield revenue based on one initial deposit.
Patrons typically can’t add more money to a CD or access their funds until a specified date. Savings accounts normally let people access funds whenever they need to, as long as they don’t drop below a threshold outlined in your account agreement.
Are CDs Safe?
CDs are one of the safer, lower-risk investment options for several reasons. If you’re wondering whether CDs are FDIC insured, don’t worry—the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) will offer up to $250,000 against losses. CDs are also exclusively offered by financial institutions that must abide by government regulations.
Stocks are a higher-risk investment option than CDs with potentially higher returns. However, stocks don’t normally have government backing, and businesses can use their investors’ funds on ventures that may result in a substantial loss of capital.
Where Can I Get a CD?
You can find CDs at traditional brick-and-mortar banks as well as online. Capital One made headlines in February 2023 for becoming the first major financial institution to offer a CD with an APY of 5%. Capital One CD rates are competitive, but other institutions might have more attractive short-term CDs. A financial advisor can leverage their experience to help you find the best CDs for your circumstances.
Find High-Yield CD Rates With Credit.com
CDs can be potent investment vehicles once you learn how to make them work for you. Credit.com has resources to learn more about CDs, bonds, and other investment options. Learn more about personal finance at Credit.com today.
Inside: Are you finding yourself struggling to cover unexpected expenses? This guide will teach you how to create a financial plan and budget that will help you avoid costly surprises.
Life is full of surprises, and not all of them are pleasant. Sometimes, these surprises come in the form of unexpected expenses, hitting when one least expects them.
This can leave you devasted financially. Over the years, we have been slapped with unplanned costs and left scrambling.
However, you can successfully navigate through the rollercoaster ride of money management.
The key is knowing “What are unexpected expenses?’ Along with the knowledge equips you to avoid or mitigate them.
This post may contain affiliate links, which helps us to continue providing relevant content and we receive a small commission at no cost to you. As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases. Please read the full disclosure here.
What are Unexpected Expenses?
In the realm of personal finance, unexpected expenses are costs you haven’t foreseen or budgeted for. They strike out of nowhere, leaving you scrambling to balance your finances.
These expenses differ from other cost categories such as fixed expenses (weekly, monthly, and recurring costs like rent) and variable expenses (those that do not happen regularly but vary in cost like groceries).
The crux lies in not being able to anticipate these unplanned expenses, making them disruptive to financial plans.
What is an example of unplanned spending?
Unplanned spending often occurs when there’s an unforeseen event that demands immediate financial attention.
Picture this scenario: You take your car for a routine inspection; however, the car fails the inspection due to a defective part that needs immediate repair. Initially, you hadn’t allocated funds for this, but now you have to deal with this unforeseen cost – a classic case of unplanned spending.
Common Examples of Unexpected Expenses
Unforeseen financial events can leave many unprepared and struggling, adding unnecessary stress. This section will delve into examples of typical unexpected expenses that individuals often encounter, providing key insights into how to efficiently incorporate these into your financial plan.
By understanding and preparing for these unexpected expenses, one can effectively mitigate the surprise factor they pose, promoting a healthier and more secure financial state.
We have overcome many times and you can too!
1. Medical Emergencies and Healthcare Costs
Medical emergencies are prominent examples of unexpected expenses. Even with health insurance, costs can amass, thanks to high deductibles, co-payments, and therapies not covered by insurance.
One factor is paying for the medical costs, but the other weighing factor is loss of income when dealing with medical emergencies or critical diseases like cancer.
Overcome this by:
Contributing the max each year to your Health Savings Account (HSA). This way you have a bucket of money just for medical expenses.
Look into short-term disability insurance that can cover part of your lost wages while you can’t work.
2. Automatic Home or Vehicle Repair Needs
Home and vehicle repairs often sneak up as unexpected expenses. Time, accidents, natural disasters — all can cause wear and tear that demands immediate repair. The consequences of ignoring these repairs can be hefty.
Similarly, significant home repairs such as fixing a faulty HVAC system or leaky roof can set you back by thousands of dollars.
Overcome this by:
Be proactive with routine maintenance. Take care of your house and car before problems escalate.
Save the same amount each month for home and vehicle repairs separately.
Personally, we save $100 monthly for car repairs as one is a beater car. This amount will be increased to $350 to start saving for a new car. Conversely for home repairs, we keep a minimum of $1000. This amount will fluctuate depending on when we last did a major repair. Since we just replaced our HVAC, our funds are lower.
3. Natural disasters
Natural disasters, such as hurricanes, earthquakes, wildfires, and floods, lead to unexpected spending. The impact of these events can cause significant damage to homes, cars, and other property, leading to repair and replacement costs.
Furthermore, these situations might also necessitate expenses for emergency supplies, temporary shelter, and other necessities. For instance, Hurricane Katrina inflicted a staggering $196.3 billion in damage, illustrating the overwhelming cost of such unpredictable events.1
Overcome this by:
Make sure you have proper insurance whether it is renter insurance or flood/wildlife insurance. Also, make sure you have the proper amount of insurance. As highlighted by the Marshall Fire where most people were underinsured. 2
Storing cash on hand at home in case of an emergency. A cushion of money will always be helpful.
4. Increase in Bills
Monthly bills are a constant in our lives, but what’s not constant is their amount. Landlords may raise the rent when leases are up for renewal, utility companies could increase their rates, and insurance premiums may also inflate periodically.
All these scenarios lead to higher monthly expenses. For example, the U.S. energy costs per household rose by 13% in 2022 reaching the highest percentage increase since it was measured. 3
Being unprepared for these increases can cause significant financial strain.
Overcome this by:
Get one month ahead on your bills. Then, you will start building a cushion. Also, known as aging your money – thanks to YNAB.
Be proactive and realize that with inflation high. All of your bills will likely increase in cost.
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5. Overlooked Taxes
Overlooked taxes pose another source of unexpected expenditure.
A higher than expected tax bill can indeed surprise and unbalance your budget. This happened to my friend when she started her own fitness coaching business.
Uncertainties in estimating the exact tax amount, mathematical errors in filing, or an overlooked quarterly tax payment often culminate in an escalated tax bill. An audit from the IRS, though it may find no additional taxes owed, can lead to expensive fees from a CPA or tax attorney.
Overcome this:
Use a tax calculator to know what your estimated tax payment due.
Understand the common reasons you may owe higher taxes this year.
6. Pet Emergencies
Pet emergencies can bite a large chunk out of your budget without warning. For instance, if your cat suddenly starts having seizures or your dog gets hit by a car, the medical costs associated can spiral rapidly.
Emergency vet care can range between a few hundred dollars to several thousand dollars. For instance, a poisoning can range from $200-$3000. 4
Overcome this by:
Prevention methods like pet insurance can help you manage these costs effectively.
Decide in advance the maximum you are willing to spend on emergency vet care.
7. Delayed payments
Delayed payments may not be an external expense, but the repercussions can be just as financially challenging. This affects your income stream, potentially leading to difficulty in managing your financial obligations.
For example, if an employer goes bankrupt, salaries might be delayed or even indefinitely withheld. According to research, late payments can cost businesses $3 trillion globally, affecting both personal financial planning and business operations.5
This is a highly stressful situation.
Prepare yourself financially by:
Aging your money. By getting one month ahead of your bills, you can scrap through a delayed payment. YNAB coined this term.
Start saving for a large rainy day fund.
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8. Gifts and Special Occasions
Commemorating special occasions can lead to unexpected expenses. Life events such as birthdays, weddings, baby showers, and retirements, traditionally require gift-giving.
While typical gift giving on Christmas or birthdays should be part of your planned variable expenses. Saying yes to being a bridesmaid can definitely set you back a few thousand dollars. These are costs that we often fail to factor into our budgets.
Overcome this by:
Setting aside money monthly to cover gifts and special occasions.
If saying yes to a special event will hamper your finances, then you may have to politely decline the invitation.
9. Unexpected Travel Costs
Unexpected travel costs can significantly impact your budget, particularly when they arise from unplanned events such as attending a funeral or a wedding. The costs of last minute travel can vary widely depending on the destination, distance, and mode of transportation.
To manage these expenses, consider driving or taking public transportation for shorter trips, exploring less expensive lodging options, and creating a meal plan that limits dining out.
Overcome this by:
Setting aside a regular amount in a travel fund can help prepare for these unexpected costs that tend to crop up every year.
Decide if taking the unplanned trip is something you can feasibly manage with your current financial situation.
10. What You Forget to Budget for
Some subtle but regular expenses often sneak past our budget plans. This is why we have a full list of budgeting categories so hopefully, you don’t miss anything!
Consider online subscriptions and memberships: Many services offer free trials, but the charges kick in if not canceled. Other overlooked budget items may include pet care, parking fees, and toll fills—small amounts that may seem insignificant but can considerably dent your budget over time.
Overcome this by:
Review your checking account and credit card bills to see all of your expenses for the past year. Write down those unexpected expenses that came through.
Now, make a plan for how to spend your money in advance with your findings.
This helps you prepare for unexpected expenses
Here are simple tips to make sure you employ the habits of a financially stable person.
Tip #1 – Building an Emergency Fund
Building an emergency fund is a fundamental strategy to brace for unexpected expenses. This fund acts as a financial buffer, providing the economic security to cover unexpected costs without tapping into monthly budgets or savings aimed at other goals.
As a starting point, aim to save $1000 and then work your way up to save a month’s paycheck. Start small and build over time – every penny set aside helps to mitigate future financial stress.
Tip #2 – Properly Utilizing Sinking Funds
Sinking Funds are a sagacious tactic to prepare for larger, infrequent expenses. They allow you to systematically and gradually save up for anticipated financial obligations such as vacations, holiday gifts, car maintenance, etc.
By assigning a specific amount to save each month, by the time the need arises, you’ll have a pool of money ready. With platforms like YNAB, creating sinking funds becomes easier, letting you monitor your progress month by month.
This is how we have less frequent unplanned costs than we did in our 20s.
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Tip #3 – Saving for the Larger Rainy Day
Beyond smaller emergency funds and sinking funds, saving for the ‘larger rainy day’ is a crucial tactic to avoid financial duress caused by unexpected expenses. This refers to padding your savings to cover larger, more substantial financial shocks that might require more than just a few months’ worth of expenses.
It may take time to build such a fund, but even a small contribution each month can result in substantial savings over time.
Tip #4 – Pick up a Side Hustle
One way to strengthen your financial resilience against unplanned expenses is to start a side hustle. This could mean picking up extra shifts at work, selling handcrafted items online, or using skills like photography or writing for freelance work.
With the rise of the internet, making money online is really easy and simple to get started. We have a few side hustles to shield against unforeseen costs.
Tip #5 – Budget Properly and Stick to It
Budgeting is an essential line of defense against unexpected expenses. By tracking your income and comparing it against both predictable and variable expenses, you can calculate how much money can be saved each month.
Regular budget check-ins help ensure you’re staying on track, steadying your financial footing.
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Tip #6 – Regular Review of Financial Plans
Regularly reviewing and updating your financial plans can serve as a preventative measure against unexpected expenses. Consider changes in income, expenses, and lifestyles, and adjust your savings and spending plans accordingly.
Tip #7 – Utilizing Digital Banking Features for Money Management
Digital banking tools have revolutionized financial management and can be part of a robust strategy to avoid unexpected expenses.
Features such as instant account balance checking, transaction alerts, set-and-forget savings transfers, budgeting tools, and proactive spending categorization help you grasp where your money is and how it’s being spent.
Tools to Ward Off Unexpected Expenses and Not Go into Debt
Unexpected expenses are inevitable, yet going into debt to cover these costs can lead to financial strain due to accumulated interest and fees.
Here are crucial steps in preventing unexpected expenses from turning into debt.
Dealing smartly with Credit Cards options
Credit cards can serve as a lifeline during a financial crunch but should be employed judiciously.
To smartly deal with unexpected expenses, consider options like 0% or low-interest credit card offers – these are particularly useful if you can pay off the balance during the introductory period. But tread with caution: high-interest rates can cause difficulties if you can’t pay off the balance in time.
Profit from Asking for a Paycheck Advance
In times when emergency expenses arise, asking for a paycheck advance can help. Some employers offer this as part of their policy to assist employees dealing with abrupt financial needs. A salary advance allows you to ‘borrow’ from your future earnings and repay the amount through future pay deductions.
Budgeting apps like Chime not only help in tracking expenses, but they also enable early access to your paycheck, up to two days before payday. This feature ensures you avoid running short of money at the end of the week or month, allotting you ample room to plan, track, and adjust your spending and savings.
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Exploring Personal Loans for Emergency Situations
Personal loans are a convenient option during urgent monetary needs. They are unsecured loans and therefore don’t require collateral.
However, they’re typically accompanied by relatively high-interest rates. Consider using online prequalification tools for personal loans to determine if you’re eligible and view potential interest rates.
Explore different lenders, but be wary of the terms and conditions to make sure you don’t invite more financial trouble.
Which of the following is true regarding unexpected expenses?
Unexpected expenses are costs that are not anticipated or planned for, such as sudden car repairs or medical emergencies.
To efficiently manage unexpected expenses, it’s recommended to make them a part of the monthly budget. A suggested approach is to analyze past “unexpected expenses”, then estimate their costs and timing, which can provide an estimate of how much should be saved each month.
While basing future expenses on past ones only furnishes savings guidelines, this method can prevent an unexpected expense from turning into a severe financial emergency.
Planning for unexpected expenses by setting aside money from each paycheck can protect individuals from unforeseen financial difficulties.
Understanding what types of unexpected expenses might occur can help in the development of strategies to handle them successfully, reducing the impact of any unpleasant financial surprises.
Yes, all of the statements above are true.
What is not true about unexpected expenses?
Unexpected expenses are entirely out of our control.
Unexpected expenses can be completely avoided.
These unanticipated costs only occur irregularly or infrequently.
You can’t prepare for unexpected expenses.
All of these statements are not true. While the occurrence of these expenses might be unexpected, they’re not entirely unpredictable. Many times, they are the result of poor financial planning or management as they are often unforeseen costs that were not anticipated or included in a budget.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
It’s advisable to aim for at least 3 to 6 months of living costs for an emergency fund. This acts as a buffer to cover unexpected expenses and offers financial security during unexpected life events like job loss or serious illness.
However, the “right” amount to save varies depending on your personal situation, lifestyle, and financial obligations. Always remember: saving something is better than saving nothing; start small and increase gradually as your income allows.
Financial experts generally advise having an emergency fund equivalent to three to six months of monthly expenses. This guidepost factors in expenses such as food, housing, utilities, transport, healthcare, and other necessities.
However, if you are in a volatile occupation or the sole breadwinner of the family, aiming for a larger fund may be prudent. Whichever your situation, remember it’s not about reaching the benchmark overnight; the key is consistency in saving.
Managing urgent financial liabilities without incurring debt hinges on proactive financial planning.
Building an emergency fund: Start small and deposit to accumulate enough to cover at least three to six months of essential expenses.
Proper budgeting: Maintain a budget, ensuring you live within your means and regularly contribute to savings.
Insurance coverage: Adequate insurance coverage can help circumvent the financial impact of medical emergencies or catastrophic events.
Extra income: Consider a side hustle for additional income to bolster your budget and increase your savings.
Plan Ahead to Avoid Unforeseen Expenses
While unexpected expenses are an inevitable part of life, their financial stress isn’t.
Through effective planning and budgeting, you can cushion their blow, ensuring they don’t throw you into financial turmoil. Around here at Money Bliss, we strive for our readers to have less stress with money.
No matter how well you plan, unexpected costs can still arise from time to time. They can happen quite regularly, which is why it’s crucial to include them in budget planning.
By setting aside a portion of each paycheck in a savings account, you can be better prepared for such costs when they arise.
Remember, every dollar saved is a step towards greater financial stability, helping you to navigate life’s uncertainties with confidence and peace of mind.
Now, make sure you are financially sound.
Source
NOAA.gov. “Costliest U.S. Tropical Cyclones.” https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/billions/dcmi.pdf. Accessed December 1, 2023.
Colorado Public Radio. “Most people who lost homes in the Marshall Fire were underinsured, Colorado insurance regulators say.” https://www.cpr.org/2022/05/02/most-people-who-lost-homes-in-the-marshall-fire-were-underinsured-colorado-insurance-regulators-say/. Accessed December 1, 2023.
U.S. Energy Information Association. “U.S. residential electricity bills increased 5% in 2022, after adjusting for inflation.” https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=56660. Accessed December 1, 2023.
BetterPet. “Average emergency vet costs: what to expect.” https://betterpet.com/emergency-vet-costs/. Accessed December 1, 2023.
Mastercard. “Your real-time guide to real-time payments.” https://www.mastercard.com/news/perspectives/2023/real-time-payments-what-is-rtp-and-why-do-we-need-instant-payments/. Accessed December 1, 2023.
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If you’re interested in investing in a new vehicle, it’s not always easy to know what’s in your price range. Understanding your options and learning how to calculate your budget can determine what you can afford.
Discover how auto loans can enhance your ability to afford a range of vehicles, from brand-new cars to those with some mileage.
How to Calculate How Much Car You Can Afford
Calculating how much you can afford for your new car is a helpful step in saving money when you’re ready to make the purchase. Follow the next steps to calculate your budget effectively.
1. Calculate Your Car Payment Budget
There are two main expenses to consider when calculating your car payment budget: your down payment and your monthly payment.
Above is an example of how to calculate your monthly payment calculation. Let’s say you have a net monthly income of $4,500. Multiply your income by 0.10, or take 10% of your income. This number will be your estimated monthly payment. In this example, it would be $450.
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Monthly payment: We recommend spending no more than 10% of your monthly net (take-home) income on your monthly car payment. This doesn’t include other expenses like gas and maintenance. Round up to 15% to include all vehicle expenses.
Down payment: If you plan on purchasing a car, we recommend putting around 20% of the vehicle’s purchase price toward your down payment. The more you put down, the lower your auto loan will be.
2. Determine Which Auto Loan You Qualify For
You now have a better idea of how much you can potentially borrow based on your budget.
Several determining factors affect how much you can borrow, including:
Credit score: This will influence the annual percentage rate (APR) of the loan. Higher FICO® credit scores between 661 and 850 can lower your auto loan interest rate.
New vs. used: Auto loans for new cars typically come with reduced APRs.
Loan term: This is how long you’ll be repaying your auto loan. The average car loan term ranges between five and six years.
If you already have an auto loan, you can refinance and customize your loan with Credit.com. Try out our Auto Loan Calculator to simulate your current payment and find out what savings you can earn today.
3. Estimate Auto Insurance Cost
You should also factor in car insurance when considering purchasing a new vehicle. Factors like the make and model of the car, your driving history, and where you live can impact your insurance costs. Reach out to several insurance companies for quotes and get a clearer picture of what you’ll likely need to budget for insurance.
4. Calculate Your Purchase Price
It’s important to note your auto loan isn’t the total price you’re going to pay for your vehicle. There are other hidden costs you should be aware of beyond the number on the price sticker. Take note of these common additional costs:
Sales tax: This can be around 5% to 10% and may include local, county, and state taxes. However, not all states have sales tax, such as Montana and Oregon.
Documentation fees: These can range from $100 to $400, depending on your state.
Registration fees: These can range from $8 to $225, depending on the state.
What Car Options Do You Have?
You never want to put yourself in a financially vulnerable position if you can avoid it. That’s why it’s important to consider all of your purchasing options. Keep reading to understand how buying versus leasing can help you afford a car.
New Vehicle
Everyone wants a shiny new car, but it’s not always affordable. If there’s a particular type of vehicle you want, do some research to determine the vehicle’s current market value. That way, you’ll know exactly how much that car is worth and avoid purchasing a vehicle with an inflated price tag.
Used Vehicle
Purchasing a used vehicle can be the best route for those with a lower budget. Used vehicles tend to have considerably reduced prices compared to brand-new cars, leading to more affordable monthly payments. Additionally, used cars typically have lower car insurance costs.
Leased Vehicle
Leasing a car can be a great option for those who want a brand-new car, but would prefer lower monthly payments. There are drawbacks to this option, however, as the payments that go toward the vehicle don’t provide value and there are mileage limits. But if you don’t mind those drawbacks and like to try out different cars every couple of years, leasing is worth considering.
FAQ
Here are answers to some frequently asked questions about car affordability and monthly payments.
How Much Car Can I Afford Based on My Salary?
Determining your car affordability based on your net income is one way of estimating how much car you can afford. You should put 10% or less of your monthly income toward your car payments.
Annual Income
Monthly Car Payment Maximum
$30,000
$250
$40,000
$334
$50,000
$416
$60,000
$500
$70,000
$584
$80,000
$667
$90,000
$750
$100,000
$833
However, this doesn’t include costs such as fuel, parking, and maintenance. You can plan on dedicating about 15% of your monthly income to total vehicle expenses.
How Much Should My Monthly Car Payment Be?
Your monthly car payment will depend on a few factors, such as your auto loan interest rate, loan term, and how much you put toward your down payment. Your choice of vehicle and where you purchase it can also affect interest rates.
However, your monthly car payment should be around 10% or less of your monthly take-home pay. You can always choose to pay more every month to pay your auto loan quicker and save money on interest.
Shop for Auto Loans With Credit.com
Take your first step toward vehicle ownership by learning more about credit scores with Credit.com. Get your free credit report card today.
Looking to learn the best ways to make money while you sleep? Do you ever feel worn out from your regular routine and tired of struggling to manage your money? Just picture being able to earn money even when you’re sleeping, without having to work long hours. In this article, I will show you 19…
Looking to learn the best ways to make money while you sleep?
Do you ever feel worn out from your regular routine and tired of struggling to manage your money? Just picture being able to earn money even when you’re sleeping, without having to work long hours.
In this article, I will show you 19 ways to help you reach financial freedom by earning passive income, such as while you sleep.
Having different ways to make money might seem like something crazy, but with the right plan and some hard work, it can actually happen.
In fact, I earn income all the time while I am sleeping and I love it. Now, that doesn’t mean that it’s easy. Some of the ways below will be harder than others, and they may take up a lot of time still. But, you may be able to earn money throughout the day from the hard work that you put in.
Key Takeaways
There are many ways to make money while you sleep, such as by blogging, selling digital products on Etsy, renting out storage space or real estate, putting your money in a high yield savings account, earning dividends, and more.
Some are easier to start than others – so make sure to think about the pros and cons, such as how much time it may take you or how much money you will need to start (your minimum investment!).
19 Best Ways To Make Money While You Sleep
Below are 19 ways to make money while you’re asleep.
1. Blogging
My favorite way to make money while I’m sleeping is by blogging, and it is a great way to make passive income while you sleep. I have been blogging for many years now (since I started Making Sense of Cents, I’ve made more than $5,000,000 from my blog), and I am able to work and earn money while I am asleep, such as by selling digital products, display advertising, and through affiliate marketing.
This is because readers read my blog posts throughout the day and night, even when I am not working. I have blog posts and advertising on my site, for example, that earn me income throughout the day.
So, what is a blog? A blog is like the article you’re reading now, written and published on a website. It’s basically a collection of written content. You can start a blog about many different topics, such as finance (like my blog!), recipes, family, health, wellness, pets, sports, outdoors, travel, and more.
Other similar ways to make money in your sleep include starting a podcast or a social media account, such as on TikTok or Instagram.
Recommended reading: The 25 Most-Asked Blogging Questions To Get You Started Today
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Want to see how I built a $5,000,000 blog?
In this free course, I show you how to create a blog, from the technical side to earning your first income and attracting readers.
2. Affiliate marketing
If you want to learn how to make money overnight (such as when you’re sleeping), then my absolute favorite way is affiliate marketing.
This is one of the main ways I make money on my blog, but you don’t need a blog to do affiliate marketing either. You can do affiliate marketing on Instagram, Facebook, Pinterest, an email list, and more.
Affiliate marketing is when you share products or services from other companies with readers, subscribers, or people that you know. When someone buys through your referral link, you get a commission and earn some money from the company.
Here’s an example: Let’s say you write about a book on your blog and provide a link to it. If someone buys that book through your referral link, you get a commission.
You’ve probably bought things through affiliate marketing many, many times over the years. I definitely have!
Recommended reading: Affiliate Marketing Tips For Bloggers – Free eBook
3. Selling printables
Making and selling printables is another good way to make money without much active effort.
Printables are digital items that people can download and print at home. They can be things like games for a bridal shower, checklists for grocery shopping, planners for managing budgets, invitations, coloring pages, quotes designed to be printed and hung on walls, and more.
I buy printables all the time, and so do other people. In fact, I bought a printable the other day for my daughter – one that would help her learn the alphabet that I could print out at home for her.
Making printables can be a passive way to earn money. You only need to make one digital file for each product, and you can sell it as many times as you want. All you need is a laptop or computer and an internet connection, which makes it a low cost way to start a business.
Recommended reading: How I Make Money Selling Printables On Etsy
Do you want to make money selling printables online? This free training will give you great ideas on what you can sell, how to get started, the costs, and how to make sales.
4. Investing in real estate
Investing in real estate is a popular way to make passive cash flow while you sleep.
By purchasing rental properties, you can earn a steady flow of rental income from tenants and guests. Also, your property’s value will most likely appreciate over time, which can increase your net worth.
You can invest in residential properties, commercial real estate, short-term rentals (such as starting an Airbnb), REITs (real estate investment trusts), and more. There are pros and cons of each, so you will want to think about that before you get started.
Recommended reading:
5. Starting a YouTube channel
Starting a YouTube channel is another way to make money while you sleep. This is because you can add affiliate links to your videos, generate ad revenue, form brand sponsorships, and sell products within videos as well.
You’ll need to create videos that entertain, educate, or inform viewers, and get as many views to your videos as you can (for the most part, more page views usually does mean more income).
As your YouTube content becomes more popular, you will earn passive income from past videos while working on new content.
Recommended reading: How I Grew From 0 Subscribers To Over $100,000 On YouTube In Less Than One Year
6. Dropshipping
Dropshipping is a type of business where you sell items on an online store, but you don’t do the shipping. Instead, you have a supplier that does the shipping for you.
So, this means that you don’t need to keep any products in stock yourself.
That doesn’t mean that this is easy, though – you have to find trustworthy suppliers and make sure your customers get their orders on time. You will also need to create a website, find a way to differentiate yourself from other dropshippers, take pictures of the items you are selling, answer customer questions, and find ways to grow your store.
The types of items that you can sell in a dropshipping store include clothing, electronics, home decor, pet supplies, luggage, stationary, craft supplies, books, and more.
7. Online courses
I have made over $2,000,000 from selling courses over the years – courses that I have personally created.
Making and selling online courses is a great way to earn money at any time of the day – even while sleeping.
Some examples of courses that can be created include:
Parenting and family
Health and wellness
Woodworking
Dog training
Standardized tests preparation
Playing the guitar
Teaching a language
Traveling
Painting
Cooking
And so much more!
I have taken courses on all sorts of topics over the years, such as baby sleep classes, personal finance, credit card rewards, and so much more.
Creating an online course is one of the fastest ways to use your time, increase your earnings, and help more people.
Recommended reading: How I’ve Made Over $1,000,000 From My First Course Without a Big Launch
8. High yield savings accounts
A high yield bank account is a low-risk method to make extra cash while you sleep.
These types of savings accounts earn a higher interest rate than a regular savings account, so your money grows faster.
You will want to make sure that you pick a trustworthy bank and check the interest rates regularly because they can go up or down. Some people move their money into high yield savings accounts often so that they can get the highest interest rates.
Remember, these accounts usually over the long run have lower interest rates compared to stocks or real estate, but they give you a stable and secure way to earn money.
I personally use Marcus by Goldman Sachs as they have a very high rate. You can get up to 5.40% at the time of this writing through a referral link bonus. According to this high yield savings account calculator, if you have $10,000 saved, you could earn $540 with a high yield savings account in a year. Whereas with normal banks, your earnings would only be $46.
9. Dividends
Buying stocks that pay dividends is another way to earn money while sleeping.
When you invest in these stocks, you get a portion of the company’s earnings on a regular basis.
Here’s how dividends work: If you have shares of a company that gives you money because you own them, that’s called a dividend. So, if you own 10 shares of Company XYZ, and they give you $5 in dividends every year, you’ll get $50 in total for that year. Usually, companies give out dividends four times a year. In the example, the $5 they give you every year will likely be divided into $1.25 for each quarter (four times a year).
Recommended reading: What Are Dividends & How Do They Work? A Beginner’s Guide
10. Rent out your garage
If you have extra land or space in your home that you’re not using, you can make money by letting other people use it for storage.
You can rent storage space for things like cars, boats, boxes, and more. This could be your garage, driveway, closet, basement, attic, or even just a shelf.
A website where you can list your storage space is Neighbor. On this site, you can make between $100 and $400 or more every month. How much you earn depends on how much people in your area want to rent and what kind of space you’re renting out.
Recommended reading: Neighbor Review: Make Money Renting Your Storage Space
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You can use this website to list your unused space for rent and make up to $15,000 per year by doing so. With Neighbor, you can rent out your garage, driveway, basement, parking lot, shed, warehouse, carport, attic, street parking, or even a closet.
11. Hosting webinars
Webinars are like online classes or workshops about specific subjects (I’ve included a list below of some examples). If you’re an expert in something, you can record a webinar and charge people to attend or sell products and services related to the topic during the webinar.
You can also record your webinars and let people watch them whenever they want, which can bring in money while you are sleeping or on vacation.
For example, you could host a webinar about:
Starting an e-commerce store – Teach participants the ins and outs of setting up and running a successful online store.
Digital marketing strategies for small businesses – You could share online marketing techniques to help businesses grow their online presence, such as tips for TikTok, Instagram, Pinterest, Google SEO, and more.
Stock market investing for beginners – You could share advice and tips for newbies in the world of stocks, mutual funds, index funds, bonds, S&P, and investment portfolios.
How to make money with affiliate marketing – You could teach the strategies behind successful affiliate marketing sites.
How to invest in fine wine – Or, any other type of investment! If there is something specialized that you invest in that is different from normal, you may be able to generate interest in your webinar.
And so much more.
12. Peer-to-peer lending
Peer-to-peer (P2P) lending is when you lend money to people or businesses who need loans, and they pay you back with interest.
Websites like LendingClub and Prosper let you spread out your money to lots of borrowers, which lowers the risk if someone can’t pay you back.
As borrowers make their payments, you get a part of the interest, which adds to your passive income streams that you can make without working.
With a peer-to-peer lending site, people can borrow money from a group of lenders like you and me, rather than from a traditional financial institution like a bank. People use peer-to-peer lending sites for all sorts of reasons such as debt consolidation, home improvement, small business financing, investment opportunities, and more.
13. Selling stock images and graphics
If you like taking pictures, you can make money in your sleep by selling stock images on websites like Shutterstock, Getty Images, or Adobe Stock.
People buy stock images for all sorts of reasons, such as to put on their website, within articles and blog posts, on social media, and more. I buy stock images all the time because they can help to make a blog post more enjoyable to read (you can find several stock images within this blog post, in fact).
A great thing about stock content websites is that they can bring in money even when you’re not actively working. You take pictures, put them on the site, and they can keep making money for a long time.
Some common types of pictures that you can sell include travel, business, people, food, animals, health, fashion, sports, and more.
Recommended reading: 18 Ways You Can Get Paid To Take Pictures
14. Start a membership site
Creating a membership site where people pay a regular fee (such as each month or each year) for special content, resources, or services is a way to make money.
Some examples of membership sites that you can start include:
Stock image library – You can sell a collection of pictures or videos that subscribers can use for their own projects (such as their own business). Subscribers pay for access to this media library. I personally have been paying for a stock photo membership for years, and I think they are amazingly helpful.
Newsletter – Send valuable and special content straight to your subscribers’ email inboxes regularly where you charge a subscription fee for access.
Mastermind groups – You can form small, focused groups of individuals who come together to support and challenge each other in achieving their goals, and you charge a membership fee for participation. I have seen mastermind groups go for anywhere from free to tens of thousands of dollars a year to participate.
Freelance job board – You can start a site where freelancers can find real job listings and opportunities. Members pay for access to these job listings because they want to find real jobs that pay (instead of having to weed through fake ads or low paying ones).
Consulting or coaching services – You can give personalized advice, coaching sessions, or access to a private community for members looking for guidance in a specific area, like life coaching or business consulting.
Fitness membership – You can create a platform with workout plans, meal plans, and wellness tips. Members pay a monthly fee for access to this content.
Digital downloads library – You can create a library of downloadable resources like ebooks, templates, or software. Subscribers gain access by becoming members.
Community forum – You could create a community around a shared interest or hobby where members can engage in discussions, ask questions, and share experiences, and you charge a fee for access.
Online courses membership – You can start a platform where you have courses on a specific subject, like photography, cooking, or digital marketing, where subscribers then pay a monthly fee to access the content.
Keep in mind, the secret to a successful membership site is giving real benefits to your subscribers. So, whether it’s great content, a helpful community, or useful resources, make sure your members feel like they’re getting what they paid for so that they keep their subscription for months and years to come.
15. Sleep studies and mattress testing
Taking part in sleep studies and mattress testing will most likely not be a long-term, reliable source of income, but it can earn you some extra money while you literally sleep.
You can find these by researching local sleep clinics or mattress companies that have paid studies or testing. Many universities also pay for sleep studies, such as the Harvard Division of Sleep Medicine.
The amount of money you can make depends on the specific study or testing, but it can be an interesting way to earn some extra money or get a free mattress for your time.
16. Vending machine business
Running a vending machine business can be a good way to make money, and you can sell different kinds of products. You may be able to earn over $1,000 a month with a well-run vending machine business.
Here are some ideas of what you can sell in a vending machine:
Snacks and drinks:
Chips
Candy
Nuts and seeds
Cookies
Soda
Bottled water
Energy drinks
Juices
Healthy and organic food:
Granola bars
Dried fruits
Nut mixes
Organic snacks
Low-calorie drinks
Hot drinks:
Coffee (regular, decaf, specialty)
Tea
Hot chocolate
Frozen treats:
Ice cream
Frozen yogurt
Popsicles
Fresh food:
Sandwiches (pre-packaged)
Salads (in sealed containers)
Fruit cups
Yogurt parfaits
Personal care and hygiene items:
Tampons and pads
Toothbrushes and toothpaste
Hand sanitizer
Makeup
Vitamins and supplements
First aid kits
Pain relievers
Electronics and accessories:
Phone chargers
Headphones
Power banks
Office and school supplies:
Notebooks
Pens and pencils
Sticky notes
USB drives
Specialized items:
Fishing bait and supplies
Beauty and skincare products
Baby items (diapers, wipes, toys, snacks)
Recommended reading: How I Make $7,000 Monthly With A Vending Machine Business
17. Amazon FBA
Amazon FBA (Fulfillment by Amazon) is where sellers store products in Amazon’s fulfillment centers, and Amazon handles customer shipping, returns, and customer service on the seller’s behalf. By using FBA, you can sell a variety of products without worrying about storing inventory or handling shipping logistics.
You would be finding the products to sell, though. Even if you have no experience selling on Amazon, you can earn money selling household goods, toys, books, electronics, and so on.
If you want to learn more about starting an Amazon business, I recommend signing up for this free training that will teach you how to sell products on Amazon and make $100 to $500 per day.
Recommended reading: How To Work From Home Selling On Amazon FBA
18. Write a book
People can buy books at any time of the day, including while you are sleeping.
Self-publishing online platforms, such as Amazon KDP (Amazon’s Kindle Direct Publishing platform), allow you to reach a broad audience without the need for a traditional publisher.
Writing your own book is a great way to make money from home, and there is probably something helpful that you could write about (even if you think otherwise!). One very popular topic right now is romance novels, in fact.
Recommended reading: How Alyssa is making $200 a DAY in book sales passively
19. Develop and sell an app
If you have technical skills, developing and selling an app can be a way to make money overnight while you are sleeping.
Creating your own app, whether it’s a helpful tool, a fun game, or something else, can help you to make passive income.
Even though it will take some work and money up front, once your app is in the app stores, it can generate revenue no matter the time.
Some ideas for apps that you could create include a budgeting tracker, meal planner, fitness tracker, meditation app, travel itinerary planner, and more.
You will want to do some research, and make sure that there are people who want to use the app that you are thinking about creating, of course. You could start brainstorming ideas by thinking about what kind of app you think could be helpful in your life to have.
Frequently Asked Questions On How To Make Money While You Sleep
Below are answers to common questions on how to make money while you sleep.
What is passive income?
Passive income is money you earn without actively working, and instead, it comes from investments, businesses, or assets that require minimal effort on your part. Now, that doesn’t mean that making passive income is easy, as you will most likely have to put in a lot of work in the beginning to get started. But, it can be well worth it to make money at any time of the day. Passive income is personally my absolute favorite way to make money.
Which businesses make income overnight? What businesses make money while you sleep?
A few businesses that can generate income even when you’re not actively working are online stores, affiliate marketing websites, and selling printables. These businesses run online, making them accessible to customers 24/7 so people can use them.
What did Warren Buffett say about making money while you sleep?
Warren Buffett, a successful investor and businessman, is quoted as saying, “If you don’t find a way to make money while you sleep, you will work until you die.” This goes to show how important it is to find ways to make money without constantly working a regular 9-to-5 job.
What is the best way to make money while you sleep? – Summary
I hope you enjoyed this article on how to make money while sleeping. As you can see, there are many full-time jobs and side hustles to make money while you sleep such as:
Blogging
Affiliate marketing
Selling printables
Investing in real estate
Starting a YouTube channel
Dropshipping
Selling online courses
Putting your money in high yield savings accounts
Dividends
Rent out your garage
Hosting webinars
Peer-to-peer lending
Selling stock images
Start a membership site
Sleep studies and mattress testing
Vending machine business
Amazon FBA
Write a book
Develop and sell an app
Do you want to learn how to make money while you sleep?
CD rates have been slowly dropping for several weeks, and last week was no different. Bread Savings, MYSB Direct and Rising Bank all lowered the annual percentage yield on some of their CD accounts. But while past weeks have seen rate drops largely limited to long-term CDs, last week’s drops were across a range of common terms, from six-month to five-year CDs.
What does this mean for savers?
If you’ve been considering opening a CD, now is the time to do it. Whatever your savings timeline, rates remain high overall — but they’re slipping. So the longer you wait, the lower your earning potential could be.
Experts recommend comparing rates before opening a CD account to get the best APY possible. Enter your information below to get CNET’s partners’ best rate for your area.
Today’s best CD rates
Here are some of the top CD rates available right now and how much you could earn if you deposited $5,000 today.
CD rate trends — where are APYs heading?
CD rates have steadily increased since March 2022 as the Federal Reserve regularly raised the federal funds rate to combat inflation. This rate affects how much it costs banks to borrow and lend money, so the higher it is, the higher banks raise their CD rates to attract new customers (and their money).
But with inflation finally cooling, the Fed has opted to pause rate hikes at its last two meetings. As a result, banks have begun easing their rates. Here’s where rates stand compared to last week:
Term
CNET Average APY*
Weekly Change**
Average FDIC rate
6 months
4.93%
No change
1.43%
1 year
5.26%
No change
1.85%
3 years
4.35%
No change
1.39%
5 years
4.10%
-0.24%
1.39%
*APYs as of Dec. 4, 2023. Based on the banks we track at CNET. **Percentage increase/decrease from Nov. 27, 2023, to Dec. 4, 2023.
From Nov. 27 to Dec. 4, rates have remained largely unchanged, with only a 0.24% decrease in average five-year CD terms. However, this is looking at overall averages. On a more micro level, several banks have lowered their CD rates recently, and experts expect rates will continue to decline over the next several months.
“Consumer Price Index (CPI) numbers for October showed below-expectation inflation for both headline CPI (3.7% to 3.2%) and core CPI (4.1% to 4.0%),” said Jesse Carlucci, Ph.D., CFP, chief investment officer at Arrow Investment Management. “Together with comments recently from the Federal Reserve chair, Jerome Powell, this has led to the expectation that we have reached the peak of the interest rate cycle.”
Why you should open a CD now
CD rates aren’t likely to drop dramatically in the near future, but even the gradual erosion we’ve seen lately makes a difference in your bottom line. When you open a CD, you lock in the current rate in exchange for agreeing to keep your funds in the account until the term is up. That means your earnings are guaranteed even if rates go down in the future. High-yield savings accounts, by comparison, have variable rates that rise and fall in response to federal funds rate changes.
“[CDs] are a good place to keep short-term savings, like saving for a baby or to buy a home,” said Bola Sokunbi, founder of Clever Girl Finance and CNET Financial Review Board member. “Although CDs might have penalties for early withdrawal, you could look at those penalties as an incentive to leave your savings alone if you don’t really need to touch it.”
In addition, CD accounts with FDIC-insured banks or NCUA-insured credit unions are protected up to $250,000 per person, per institution if the bank fails. This makes them a low-risk way to grow your savings and enjoy peace of mind.
Factors to consider when selecting a CD
APY is an important factor when comparing CD accounts, but it’s not the only one.
“I wouldn’t stress too much about the difference in a few tenths of a percentage,” said Bernadette Joy, a personal finance coach and CNET Financial Review Board member. “But I do think it’s important to make sure the CD is at least earning more than comparable high-yield savings accounts. HYSAs are more liquid, and if you’re going to lock up your money for several months, you should get paid more to do so than an HYSA.”
In addition to comparing APYs, you should also weigh the following when choosing a CD:
How soon you’ll need the funds: Most banks charge a penalty if you withdraw money before the CD matures. This can eat into your interest earnings. So, be sure to choose a term that fits your savings needs.
Minimum deposit: Some CDs require a certain amount to open an account — typically, $500 to $1,000 — while others have no minimum deposit requirement. This can narrow down your choices.
Monthly fees: Fees can erode your balance. Many online banks don’t charge maintenance fees. They have lower overhead costs than banks with physical branches, and they pass these savings down to consumers through higher rates and fewer fees. Still, be sure to read the fine print for any account you’re considering.
Federal deposit insurance: Confirm that any institution you’re considering is an FDIC or NCUA member to ensure your money is protected in the event of a bank failure.
Customer service: Read customer reviews and ratings on sites like Trustpilot to make sure the bank is responsive, professional and easy to work with.
Methodology
CNET reviews CD rates based on the latest APY information from issuer websites. We evaluated CD rates from more than 50 banks, credit unions and financial companies. We evaluate CDs based on APYs, product offerings, accessibility and customer service.
The current banks included in CNET’s weekly CD averages are: Alliant Credit Union, Ally Bank, American Express National Bank, Barclays, Bask Bank, Bread Savings, Capital One, CFG Bank, CIT, Fulbright, Marcus by Goldman Sachs, MYSB Direct, Quontic, Rising Bank, Synchrony, EverBank, Popular Bank, First Internet Bank of Indiana, America First Federal Credit Union, CommunityWide Federal Credit Union, Discover, Bethpage, BMO Alto, Limelight Bank, First National Bank of America, Connexus Credit Union.