Non-QM, RE Agent Monitoring, Mandatory Sales Products; The White House and Closing Costs; Webinars and Training
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Non-QM, RE Agent Monitoring, Mandatory Sales Products; The White House and Closing Costs; Webinars and Training
By: Rob Chrisman
Fri, Mar 8 2024, 10:40 AM
“Horses have lower divorce rates. It’s because they are in stable relationships.” Here on the Central Coast of California, there are plenty of horses but few disasters, wars, or big insurance claims. But in Ukraine there have been 566,000 property damage reports, and the government has launched eRecovery, an app based on the government’s digital platform Diia that may provide a template for future recovery efforts worldwide. It has already processed 83,000 compensation claims for damaged or destroyed property and has paid out over 45,000 claims, with 566,000 property damage reports filed through December. Volume isn’t a disaster for lenders, but it isn’t stellar either, and today’s TMC Rundown features Femi Ayi, VP Branching Operations at Revolution Mortgage, discusses using technology to make some tough choices. Curinos tells us that February 2024 funded mortgage volume increased 5 percent YoY and increased 14 percent MoM. The average 30-year conforming retail funded rate in February 2024 was 6.79, a shade lower than January but 62 basis points higher than the same month last year. (Found here, this week’s podcast is sponsored by Richey May, a recognized leader in providing specialized advisory, audit, tax, technology and other services to the mortgage industry for almost four decades. Hear an interview with the STRATMOR Group’s Jim Cameron on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs as it pertains to mortgage companies.)
Lender Broker Services, Products, and Software
“How much are you spending on Agency LLPAs? The Conforming product for NOO and second homes can add upwards of 4 percent to your cost and prevent you from accessing the deepest possible pool of borrowers. More than 160 sellers on the MAXEX platform have eliminated their spend on Agency LLPAs for investment properties and second homes by utilizing our mandatory bulk, and best-efforts flow, Conforming program. Access multiple securitization and portfolio investors with a single contract and no LLPAs on NOO and Second-home properties using the same Agency guidelines you’re used to, without the fees. High Balance loans also available. Schedule time with our team today to learn more.”
As the U.S. prepares to spring forward this weekend, the long-awaited spring market has finally arrived, marked by March ’23 showcasing peak LO activity with $129B in volume. As 2024 is predicted to bring $2 trillion in mortgage origination volume, now is the time to prepare for new business opportunities by cultivating and reinforcing your real estate agent referral partnerships. Unsure of where to begin? Mobility Market Intelligence (MMI) offers full visibility into any agent’s activity, including instant new listing alerts. Learn more here.
TPO, Broker, and Correspondent Product News
“Luxury Mortgage Corp. is thrilled to announce that we’ve recently enhanced and expanded over 100 facets of our Non-QM underwriting guidelines within the past two weeks. We’re eager to share these exciting updates with you! These enhancements include improvements for allowing certain borrowers to exclude the PITIA from their departing residence. We’ve expanded the eligibility criteria for non-occupant co-applicants, allowing blended income and assets up to 90 percent LTV. Additionally, our Bank Statement qualification options have been widened to encompass five (5) methods, one of which allows for a 1-year P&L supported by only two months of bank statements. To learn more about these updates, we invite you to explore a list of key improvements by clicking here. If you are not an approved broker, now is the perfect time to become one. Click here to initiate the process of becoming an approved wholesale broker and prepare to take your production to the next level.
Attribution: Yesterday’s Commentary reported that, “The real estate investment trust affiliated with Angel Oak Companies posted a $28.6 million profit in the fourth quarter. For the full year of 2023, the REIT generated a profit of $33.7 million; all but forgotten is 2022’s reported loss of $187.8 million….” This information and story came from Inside Mortgage Finance, and we apologize for not noting this yesterday.
President Biden and… Closing Costs?
Anyone in our business knows that “housing costs” are complex and dependent on a myriad of factors, including supply and demand, demographics, local and state zoning and permit costs, construction demographics, builder choices, etc.
“President Biden believes housing costs are too high, and significant investments are needed to address the large shortage of affordable homes inherited from his predecessor and that has been growing for more than a decade. During his State of the Union Address, President Biden will call on Congressional Republicans to end years of inaction and pass legislation to lower costs by providing a $10,000 tax credit for first-time homebuyers and people who sell their starter homes; build and renovate more than 2 million homes; and lower rental costs. President Biden also announced new steps to lower homebuying and refinancing closing costs and crack down on corporate actions that rip off renters.”
Webinars, Podcasts, and Training Next Week
It’s hard to believe a woman couldn’t get mortgage without a co-signer until 1974! In celebration of Women’s History Month, join MGIC for The Remarkable Rise of Women in the Mortgage Industry webinar on Wednesday, March 13. Hear guest speaker Patty Arvielo, CEO of New American Funding, discuss co-founding one of the largest independent mortgage lenders in the nation while fostering growth for women. MGIC’s Paula Maggio, EVP – General Counsel & Secretary, will lead the moderated discussion. Register now!
(A good place for longer term conference planning is to start is here, and click on “Conference List” for in-person events in the future.)
Today, Friday, March 8, is this week’s episode of The Mortgage Collaborative’s Rundown covering current events in the mortgage market for 30-45 minutes starting at noon PT, 3PM ET, in “The Rundown”. Today’s is co-hosted by Femi Ayi, VP Branching Operations at Revolution Mortgage.
Come see another industry first product by Insellerate with its new AI assistant. See how you can leverage AI now to create better customer experiences, drastically increase conversion, increase loan officer efficiency, market in new ways, and have insights into your customer like never before. On Tuesday March 12th Insellerate will be hosting a free webinar that will show case an industry first AI product.
National MI University’s March Webinars! Mastering LinkedIn for Mortgage Professionals – Session Three with Brynne Tillman – March 12th at 3pm ET. Top Loan Officer Strategies to Win NextGen Homebuyers with Kristin Messerli – March 13th at 2pm ET. Your Leadership DNA with Andrew Oxley – March 14th at 2pm ET. The Psychology of Sales with Rebecca Lorenz – March 26th at 2pm ET.
Looking for more in-depth commentary on weekly mortgage news? Register here for “Mortgage Matters: The Weekly Roundup” presented by Lenders One. Every Wednesday at 2:00 PM EST/11:00 AM PT is a dive into a range of mortgage-related topics, including market trends, interest rate fluctuations, innovative mortgage products, and industry advancements. Next week watch attorney James Brody field questions on repurchases and compliance issues.
The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) announced it will host the next session in its series of property insurance symposiums on March 13.
Optimal Blue’s Hedging 101 webinar is back on March 14, Noon CT. Whether you’re considering a transition to mandatory or you’re already hedging, you won’t want to miss this highly informative and directional webinar.
Free, Live, virtual training for all USDA lenders and real estate agents, Top Tips for Confident Credit Underwriting. Watch this live training event in Microsoft Teams on Thursday, March 14, 2:00 pm – 3:00 pm ET.
Partner with the pioneer in non-QM wholesale lending to elevate your brokerage. Don’t miss Angel Oak’s March webinars crafted exclusively for broker originators. March 14th, 1PM EST, a Non-QM Webinar on DSCR Loans, March 21st, 1PM EST, a Non-QM Webinar on Bank Statement Loans.
Register for the Independent Community Bankers of America’s (ICBA) national convention, Thursday, March 14 through Sunday, March 17 at Orlando World Center Marriott.
The largest, most comprehensive educational and networking event for the nation’s community bankers. Attendees will explore industry trends and best practices while tackling top-of-mind community banking issues through dynamic general sessions; learning lab sessions, roundtables, and panels; and view demos featuring the latest innovation developments during the ICBA ThinkTECH Showcase and Expo Hall featuring more than two hundred vendors.
Capital Markets
Ginnie Mae’s mortgage-backed securities (MBS) portfolio outstanding grew to $2.54 trillion in February, including $30.9 billion of total MBS issuance, leading to $11.4 billion of net growth. February’s new MBS issuance supports the financing of more than 96,000 households, including more than 44,000 first-time homebuyers. Approximately 69.8 percent of the February MBS issuance reflects new mortgages that support home purchases. The February issuance includes $30 billion of Ginnie Mae II MBS and nearly $894 million of Ginnie Mae I MBS, including nearly $816 million in loans for multifamily housing. For the 2024 calendar year to date, Ginnie Mae has supported the pooling and securitization of more than 91,000 first-time homebuyer loans.
Turning to the overall fixed-income markets, the yield curve is moving toward “normal convexity” as dovish rhetoric from Federal Reserve officials this week has buoyed investor sentiment. The Fed may cut interest rates three times this year. Or twice. Or once. Or maybe not at all. Day two of Fed Chair Powell’s congressional testimony yesterday brought him before the Senate Banking Committee, where he reiterated that the Fed is close to the necessary confidence that will make it appropriate to begin dialing back the level of restriction.
But the FOMC is in no rush: Stronger than expected economic data in the first two months of the year has given the Fed ample breathing room to wait for further evidence that inflation is returning to the 2 percent target. Powell also confirmed policymakers are well aware of the risks of cutting too late. Cleveland Fed President Mester echoed Chairman Powell’s view that the FOMC will likely be in position to lower rates this year.
Improved TBA (“to be announced” MBS, used for hedging pipelines) pricing yesterday was primarily a result of the ECB’s adjusted inflation forecasts despite no change in rates. ECB President Lagarde’s remarks after maintaining current rates for the fourth consecutive meeting raised speculation that a rate cut could be on the horizon for June. Domestically, continuing jobless claims came in slightly lower than expected, which contributed to favorable bond market pricing.
What’s the rate & term refi possibility? We’ve seen a reduction in mortgage rates from nearly 8 percent at the end of October to slightly under 7 percent currently. The total percentage of American homeowners that currently have refi incentive of at least 50 basis points has risen from 0.03 percent to just 2.1 percent ($102.2 billion out of about $4.97 trillion in UPB).
Today brought the February payrolls report. Nonfarm payrolls increased 275k versus 190k expectated and 353k previously. The unemployment rate was 3.9 percent when it was seen holding steady at 3.7 percent. Average hourly earnings were tame at +.1 percent (+4.3 year-over-year) versus expectations of increasing 0.3 percent month-over-month and 4.5 percent year-over-year versus 0.6 percent and 4.5 percent in January. Later today brings remarks from New York Fed President Williams, the only scheduled Fed speaker. After the employment data Agency MBS prices and the 10-year yielding 4.04 after closing yesterday at 4.09 percent. The 2-year is at 4.44.
Employment and Transitions
“Ross Mortgage Corporation, celebrating 75 years as a trusted lender, invites you to join a legacy where success, innovation, and an unparalleled customer experience are the foundation of everything we do. With our unmatched support system, including personalized marketing strategies and tools to highlight your achievements and community impact, you’ll have everything you need to succeed. We are a sales organization led by a salesperson, where our President understands the challenges you face and is there every step of the way along with our caring team to support your growth and success. Ross is large enough to provide a state-of-the-art technology stack, but small enough where your voice is always heard. If you are a Loan Officer or Branch Manager who would like to learn about joining our winning team, please reach out to our President, Tim Pascarella at 248-259-4614. Licensed in AL, FL, GA, IL, IN, KY, MD, MI, MN, NC, OH, PA, SC, TN, TX, VA, WI, and the District of Columbia.”
It’s difficult to imagine a mortgage company remaining stable and debt-free for 32 years, especially in today’s market. But that’s exactly what Churchill Mortgage has achieved. Founder and CEO, Mike Hardwick believes a key component of running a successful business is doing what’s right for its people. In 2013, Mike transformed Churchill Mortgage into an Employee-Owned company, and as such, the team has navigated challenges together and emerged even stronger through the last few years. This year, Mike has promoted Matt Clarke to President as a natural next step to support continued growth. “I am excited and proud to promote Matt to President and Chief Operating Officer of Churchill Mortgage. He is an extraordinarily gifted thinker who has a unique ability to pull people together and make them stronger as a team,” said Hardwick. “I am honored to step into the role as President. Churchill’s people inspire me to keep growing and that’s exactly what we’re doing. We’re pushing ourselves to never stop improving and evolving. I’m excited to see what we achieve in the next 32 years,” said Clarke.
In Montana, Evergreen Home Loans is excited to introduce our new leadership team, reinforcing our dedication to serving the local community with unparalleled mortgage solutions. Leading the charge is Pete Edgecomb as Regional Manager, bringing a strategic vision and robust market acumen. Brett Evertz steps in as Area Manager, ready to foster growth and enhance our service offerings. At the branch level, Kelly Duray and Crystal Eckerson assume the roles of Branch Managers, combining their deep industry knowledge and local insights to deliver personalized client experiences. Evergreen is committed to empowering homeownership with a suite of innovative products. Our focus on local decision-making and comprehensive product offerings positions Evergreen as the premier choice for both seasoned teams and individuals aiming to advance their careers in the Montana market. Join us in shaping the future of home financing. To see all job listings visit: Mortgage Careers
AmeriHome wired out the news that Jim Furash, CEO of AmeriHome, has decided to retire from the company as of March 1st and that Josh Adler, Chief Investment Officer, has been promoted to CEO of AmeriHome. In addition to Josh’s new role as CEO, the company also announced that Dan Blanding, EVP Capital Markets, has been promoted to Chief Investment Officer. Congratulations all the way around!
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The housing market may have its ups and downs, but one thing never changes: Families need a place to call home, a place where memories can be made every day. The Bank of the Pacific home loans team does more than just crunch numbers or sift through the many paperwork-heavy steps of pre-qualification, purchase and closing. They strive to build lasting relationships that extend generations.
Through Thick and Thin, Bank of the Pacific Helps Find Your Dream Home
Bank of the Pacific works with families from Lynden, Washington, in the north to Salem, Oregon, down south. They know many factors drive home purchases and that, like families, no two are the same. When we’re just starting out, we often look for simple, family-friendly properties in welcoming neighborhoods with sidewalks and parks. As we get a little older, it’s time to either downsize into something manageable during retirement or invest in a multigenerational property everyone can share. Some look for real estate bargains to restore and flip, others for investment properties to provide extra income. Whatever your needs, Bank of the Pacific is happy to help.
Michael Lombardo is Bank of the Pacific’s Director of Residential Lending. Though he’s only been with their team for the past two and a half years, he’s been in the industry for more than three decades. Lombardo has a background in lending, real estate, securitizations, loan portfolio management, and culture change management. This experience and expertise mean your unique journey is in good hands.
Community Banking Builds Trusted Partnerships
Lombardo says that what sets Bank of the Pacific apart in a crowded financial field is their caring, knowledgeable staff and scope of services provided. “We are not transactionally focused,” says Lombardo, “we are community bankers that believe we are building relationships for the long term. Repeat business and referrals are a primary source of business, therefore, we strive to be trusted partners and hire people who believe in that mission.”
Their specialists are always ready to talk you through home purchases, refinancing options, new home construction or home equity loans. You can get started online or call, visit, text or email a team member to begin the process. “We always want to meet people,” says Lombardo, “and the most important thing is that our customers know a real person is working for and with them the entire way.”
Advice from Real Estate Lending Pros at Bank of the Pacific
The past few years have been a housing market whirlwind. Prices and interest rates fluctuate daily, and a shortage of available homes means new listings are snapped up within hours. Lombardo acknowledges that “as much as the government has tried to curb inflation by raising interest rates, it hasn’t had the desired effect on real estate in our markets. Affordability is an ongoing challenge for people seeking home ownership and market volatility and uncertainty forces lenders like us to work to find creative loan programs that help credit-worthy buyers get into a home.”
He advises hopefuls to be prepared, save paystubs and files — ideally as PDF documents for ease of attaching to an email — and plan 12 to 24 months in advance. “Pre-qualifying is the same as applying for a loan,” says Lombardo, “and it can feel overwhelming with lots of paperwork and document requests. Stay organized so you can react quickly when rates begin to decline, set goals for yourself, talk to a mortgage lender and ask a million questions. A good lender will always take the time to help you.”
At Bank of the Pacific, you can begin the application online and one of their home loan specialists will get back to you within 72 hours. Otherwise, find the specialist in a branch location nearest you and reach out directly with questions or to make an in-person appointment.
If you’re new to Bank of the Pacific’s many services, take a moment to investigate their competitive checking and savings accounts, investment options, merchant services for small businesses, commercial lending or real estate and helpful financial calculators.
Home buying is still one of the largest purchases most people ever make. But though it may seem out of reach, don’t be daunted. At Bank of the Pacific, lenders like Lombardo will make sure you’re comfortably prepared well in advance and ready to act when the right property comes along. Because when it does, you can start the next phase of life with a celebratory welcome mat and dreams for the future.
American Bank of Oklahoma has agreed to settle redlining charges brought by the Department of Justice and will make restitution by lending $1 million in Black and Hispanic neighborhoods in Tulsa.
Executives of the Collinsville, Oklahoma, bank denied wrongdoing. In a press release late Monday, they said they entered into the settlement “to avoid the cost and distraction of protracted litigation.”
Chief Executive Joe Landon criticized the DOJ for disclosing racially charged emails the government claims American Bank employees forwarded to each other, and for mentioning the 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre in its press release announcing the settlement, as well as in the complaint against American Bank.
Both consent order and complaint were filed Monday in U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Oklahoma in Tulsa.
According to the DOJ’s 24-page complaint, American Bank employees circulated emails that contained racial slurs, including use of the “N-word” in its entirety. Other emails exchanged among co-workers at the bank touched on sensitive topics like immigration, gang violence and the supposed decline of Detroit, Michigan.
But in an interview Monday, Landon said “the majority” of the emails DOJ referenced came from outside the bank “and I have no control over that.”
“I get 100 to 200 emails a day. I don’t read them all,” Landon added.
In a subsequent statement, American Bank claimed that “many of the quotes were taken from unsolicited communications forwarded or written by third parties, and others were taken out of context.”
“Any racially or ethnically insensitive sentiments included in these emails do not reflect our culture or values,” American Bank added in the statement.
The DOJ also noted some of the neighborhoods American Bank allegedly redlined were victimized in the 1921 Race Massacre, where white rioters destroyed the city’s largely African American Greenwood District, killing as many as 300 people, according to some accounts.
“Providing equal access to credit is essential in every community, but the painful history of Tulsa makes this agreement particularly poignant because the redlined areas include historically Black neighborhoods that have endured the legacy of racial violence and the continuing effects of segregation and discrimination,” Assistant Attorney General for Civil Rights Kristen Clarke said Monday in a press release.
The complaint is more explicit on this point, stating the “area that [American Bank] redlined includes the historically Black neighborhoods in Tulsa that were the site of the 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre.”
Landon, for his part, said he founded American Bank in 1998, nearly eight decades after the attack on Greenwood. He voiced his concern that mentioning the Race Massacre might dampen customer interest in the lending program American Bank has agreed to undertake in the settlement.
“We were kind of shocked that they brought that up,’ Landon said Tuesday in an interview. “We didn’t see the relevance. We’re moving into a new community. We’re going to do our best. I think we can be successful there. … I sure don’t see it as helping.”
Andrea Mitchell, American Bank’s attorney, called the DOJ’s references to the 1921 Race Massacre “politically charged and entirely irrelevant.”
“Seeking to link bank conduct to this event over 100 years ago entirely undermines the remedial purpose of a consent agreement, which is to create a framework for banks to develop trust with minority communities to be able to better serve those communities with mortgage credit and other banking services,” Mitchell, managing partner at the law firm Mitchell Sandler in Washington, said Tuesday in a statement.
A DOJ spokesperson declined to comment on its references to the 1921 Race Massacre.
The DOJ claimed the $383 million-asset American Bank steered clear of minority neighborhoods in the Tulsa metropolitan statistical area, confining its operations to majority white communities. “American Bank of Oklahoma engaged in the illegal practice of redlining and failed to serve the diverse members of our Tulsa community as they attempted to purchase homes,” Clinton Johnson, U.S. attorney for the Northern District of Oklahoma, said in DOJ’s press release.
The DOJ alleged that American Bank’s federal regulator, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp., warned about fair-lending risk and recommended specific measures to address the issue. None of the recommendations were implemented and, as a result, American Bank made far fewer mortgage loans in Black and Hispanic neighborhoods compared with similarly situated lenders, according to the DOJ.
But Landon said American Bank’s business model has been to focus on small towns in eastern Oklahoma, rather than deliberately avoiding lending to mortgage borrowers in Tulsa’s minority neighborhoods. “I’m from a small community,” Landon said Tuesday. “I’ve always lived in a small community. I love small towns. That’s one of the reasons we chose where we are. It had nothing to do with race.”
The Jefferson Avenue commercial district in Buffalo, New York, is anchored by a supermarket.
There are dozens of other businesses and services along the 12-block corridor — a couple of bank branches, a library, a coffee shop, gas stations, a small plaza with a dollar store and a primary care clinic and a business incubator for entrepreneurs of color.
But Tops Friendly Markets, the only grocery store on Buffalo’s vast East Side, is the center of activity. More than just a place to buy food, pick up medications and use an ATM, the store is a communal gathering space in a predominantly Black neighborhood that, for generations, has been segregated, isolated and disenfranchised from the wealthier — and whiter — parts of the city.
Which explains how it came to be the site of a mass shooting on a spring day in May of last year. On that Saturday, a gunman, who lived 200 miles away in another part of the state, drove to Jefferson Avenue and went into Tops, and in just a few minutes killed 10 people, injured three and inflicted mass trauma across the community.
It is a scenario that has sadly, and repeatedly, played out in other parts of the country that have experienced mass shootings. But this one came with a twist: The gunman’s intention was to kill as many Black people as possible.
To achieve that, he specifically targeted a ZIP code with one of the highest percentages of Black residents in New York state. All 10 who died that day were Black.
“The mere fact that someone can research, ‘Where will the greatest number of Black people be … on a Saturday morning,’ that’s not by chance,” said Franchelle Parker, a community organizer and executive director of Open Buffalo, a nonprofit focused on racial, economic and ecological justice. “That’s not a mistake. It’s a community that’s been deeply segregated for decades.”
The day of the shooting, Parker, who grew up in nearby Niagara Falls, was driving to Tops, where she planned to buy a donut and an unsweetened iced tea before heading into the Open Buffalo office, which is located a block away from Tops. The mother of two had intended to complete the mundane task of cleaning up her desk — “old coffee cups and stuff” — after a busy week.
She saw the news on Twitter and didn’t know if she should keep driving to Jefferson Avenue or turn around and go back home. She eventually picked the latter.
When she showed up the next day, there were thousands of people grieving in the streets. “The only way that I could explain my feeling, it was almost like watching an old war movie when a bomb had gone off and someone’s in, like, shell shock. That’s how it felt,” said Parker, vividly recounting the community’s collective trauma in a meeting room tucked inside of Open Buffalo’s second-story office on Jefferson Avenue.
Almost immediately following the May 14, 2022, massacre, which was the second-deadliest mass shooting in the United States last year, conversations locally and nationally turned to the harsh realities of the East Side and how long-standing factors that affect the daily life of residents — racism, poverty and inequity — made the community an ideal target for a white supremacist.
Now, more than a year after the tragedy, there is growing concern that not enough is being done fast enough to begin to dismantle those factors. And amid those conversations, there are mounting calls for the banking industry — whose historical policies and practices helped cement the racial segregation and disinvestment that ultimately shaped the East Side — to leverage its collective power and influence to band together in an effort to create systemic change.
The ideas about how banks should support the East Side and better embed themselves in the neighborhood vary by people and organizations. But the basic argument is the same: Banks, in their role as financiers and because of the industry’s history of lending discrimination, are obligated to bring forth economic prosperity in disinvested communities like the East Side.
I know banks are often looked upon sort of like a panacea, but I don’t particularly see it that way. I think others have a role to play in all of this.
Chiwuike Owunwanne, corporate responsibility officer at KeyBank
“Banks have been very good at providing charitable contributions to the Black community. They get an ‘A’ for that,” said The Rev. George Nicholas, an East Side pastor who is also CEO of the Buffalo Center for Health Equity, a four-year-old enterprise focused on racial, geographic and economic health disparities. “But doing the things that banks can do in terms of being a catalyst for revitalization and investment in this community, they have not done that.”
To be sure, banks’ ability to reverse the course of the community isn’t guaranteed — and there is no formula to determine how much accountability they should hold to fix deeply entrenched problems like racism. Several Buffalo-area bankers said that while the Tops shooting heightened the urgency to help the East Side, the industry itself cannot be the sole driver of change.
“There are a lot of institutions … that can certainly play a part in reversing the challenges that we see today,” said Chiwuike “Chi-Chi” Owunwanne, a corporate responsibility officer at KeyBank, the second-largest bank by deposits in Buffalo. “I know banks are often looked upon sort of like a panacea, but I don’t particularly see it that way. I think others have a role to play in all of this.”
A long history of segregation
How the East Side — and the Tops store on Jefferson Avenue — became the destination for a racially motivated mass murderer is a story about racism, segregation and disinvestment.
Even as it bears the nickname “the city of good neighbors,” Buffalo has long been one of the most racially segregated cities in the United States. Of the 114,965 residents who live on the East Side, 59% are Black, according to data from the 2021 U.S. Census American Community Survey. The percentage is even higher in the 14208 ZIP code, where the Tops store is located. In that ZIP code, among 11,029 total residents, nearly 76% are Black, the census data shows.
The city’s path toward racial segregation started in the early 20th century when a small number of job-seeking Black Americans migrated north to Buffalo, a former steel and auto manufacturing hub at the far northwestern end of New York state. Initially, they moved into the same neighborhoods as many of the city’s poorer immigrants and lived just east of what is today the city’s downtown district. As the number of Blacks arriving in Buffalo swelled in the 1940s, they were increasingly confronted with various housing challenges, including racist zoning laws and restrictive deed covenants that kept them from buying homes in more affluent white areas.
Black Buffalonians also faced housing discrimination in the form of redlining, the practice of restricting the flow of capital into minority communities. In 1933, as the Great Depression roiled the economy, a temporary federal agency known as the Home Owners’ Loan Corporation used government bonds to buy out and refinance mortgages of properties that were facing or already in foreclosure. The point was to try to stabilize the nation’s real estate market.
As part of its program, HOLC created maps of American cities, including Buffalo, that used a color coding scheme — green, blue, yellow and red — to convey the perceived riskiness of making loans in certain neighborhoods. Green was considered minimally risky; other areas that were largely populated by immigrant, Black or Latino residents were labeled red and thus determined to be “hazardous.”
“The goal was to free up mortgage capital by going to cities and giving banks a way to unload mortgages, so they could turn around and make more mortgage loans,” said Jason Richardson, senior director of research at the National Community Reinvestment Coalition, an association of more than 750 community-based organizations that advocates for fair lending. “It was kind of a radical concept and it has evolved over the decades into our modern mortgage finance system.”
The Federal Housing Administration, which was established as a permanent agency in 1934, used similar methods to map urban areas and labeled neighborhoods from “A” to “D,” with “A” considered to be the most financially stable and “D” considered the least. Neighborhoods that were largely Black, even relatively stable ones, were put in the “D” category.
The result was that banks, which wanted to be able to sell mortgage loans to the FHA, were largely dissuaded from making loans in “risky” areas. And Buffalo’s East Side, where the majority of Blacks were settling, was deemed risky. Unable to get loans, Blacks couldn’t buy homes, start businesses or build equity. At the same time, large industrial factories on the East Side were closing or moving away, limiting job opportunities and contributing to rising poverty levels.
“Today what we’re left with is the residue of this process where we’ve enshrined … a pattern of economic segregation that favors neighborhoods that had fewer Black people in them and generally ignores neighborhoods that had African Americans living in them,” Richardson said.
Case in point: Research by the National Community Reinvestment Coalition shows that three-quarters of neighborhoods that were once redlined are low- to moderate-income neighborhoods today, and two-thirds of them are majority minority communities.
Adding to the division between Blacks and whites in Buffalo was the construction of a highway called the Kensington Expressway. Built during the 1960s, the below-grade, limited-access highway proved to be a speedy way for suburban workers to get to their downtown jobs. But its construction cut off the already-segregated East Side even more from other parts of the city, displacing residents, devaluing houses and destroying neighborhoods and small businesses.
As a result of those factors and more, many Black residents have become “trapped” on the East Side, according to Dr. Henry Louis Taylor Jr., a professor of urban and regional planning at the University at Buffalo. In 1987, Taylor founded the UB Center for Urban Studies, a research, neighborhood planning and community development institute that works on eliminating inequality in cities and metropolitan regions. In September 2021, eight months before the Tops shooting, the Center for Urban Studies published a report that compared the state of Black Buffalo in 1990 to present-day conditions. The conclusion: Nothing had changed for Blacks over 31 years.
As of 2019, the Black unemployment rate was 11%, the average household income was $42,000 and about 35% of Blacks had incomes that fell below the poverty line, the report said. It also noted that just 32% of Blacks own their homes and that most Blacks in the area live on the East Side.
“Those figures remain virtually unchanged while the actual, physical conditions that existed inside of the community worsened,” Taylor told American Banker in an interview in his sun-filled office at the center, located on the University at Buffalo’s city campus. “When we looked upstream to see what was causing it, it was clear: It was systemic, structural racism.”
Banks’ moral obligations
As the East Side struggled over the decades with rampant poverty, dilapidated housing, vacant lots and disintegrating infrastructure, banks kept a physical presence in the community, albeit a shrinking one. In mid-2000, there were at least 20 bank branches scattered across the East Side, but by mid-2022, the number had fallen to around 14, according to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.’s deposit market share data. The 14 include four new branches that have opened since early 2019 — Northwest Bank, KeyBank, Evans Bank and BankOnBuffalo.
The first two branches, operated by Northwest in Columbus, Ohio, and KeyBank, the banking subsidiary of KeyCorp in Cleveland, were requirements of community benefits agreements negotiated between each bank and the National Community Reinvestment Coalition. In both cases, Northwest and KeyBank agreed to open an office in an underserved community.
Evans Bank opened its first East Side branch in the fall of 2021. The office is located in the basement of an $84 million affordable senior housing building that was financed by Evans, a $2.1 billion-asset community bank headquartered south of Buffalo in Angola, New York.
Banks have been very good at providing charitable contributions to the Black community. They get an ‘A’ for that. But doing the things that banks can do in terms of being a catalyst for revitalization and investment in this community, they have not done that.
The Rev. George Nicholas, an East Side pastor who is also CEO of the Buffalo Center for Health Equity
On the community and economic development front, banks have had varying levels of participation. Buffalo-based M&T Bank, which holds a whopping 64% of all deposits in the Buffalo market and is one of the largest private employers in the region, has made consistent investments in the East Side by supporting Westminster Community Charter School, a kindergarten through eighth-grade school, and the Buffalo Promise Neighborhood, a nonprofit organization focused on improving access to education in the city’s 14215 ZIP code.
Currently, Buffalo Promise Neighborhood operates four schools. In addition to Westminster, it runs Highgate Heights Elementary, also K-8, as well as two academies that serve children ages six weeks through pre-kindergarten. Twelve M&T employees are dedicated to the program, according to the Buffalo Promise Neighborhood website. The bank has invested $31.5 million into the program since its 2010 launch, a spokesperson said.
Other banks are making contributions in other ways. In addition to the Jefferson Avenue branch and as part of its community benefits plan, Northwest Bank, a $14.2 billion-asset bank, supports a financial education center through a partnership with Belmont Housing Resources of Western New York. Meanwhile, the $198 billion-asset KeyBank gave $30 million for bridge and construction financing for Northland Workforce Training Center, a $100 million redevelopment project at a former manufacturing complex on the East Side that was partially funded by the state.
BankOnBuffalo’s East Side branch is located inside the center, which offers KeyBank training in advanced manufacturing and clean energy technology careers. A subsidiary of $5.6 billion-asset CNB Financial in Clearfield, Pennsylvania, BankOnBuffalo’s office opened a month after the shooting. The timing was coincidental, but important, said Michael Noah, president of BankOnBuffalo.
“I think it just cemented the point that this is a place we need to be, to be able to be part of these communities and this community specifically, and be able to build this community up,” Noah said.
In terms of public-private collaboration, some banks have been involved in a deeper way. In 2019, New York state, which had already been pouring $1 billion into Buffalo to help revitalize the economy, announced a $65 million economic development fund for the East Side. The initiative is focused on stabilizing neighborhoods, increasing homeownership, redeveloping commercial corridors including Jefferson Avenue, improving historical assets, expanding workforce training and development and supporting small businesses and entrepreneurship.
In conjunction with the funding, a public-private partnership called East Side Avenues was created to provide capital and organizational support to the projects happening along four East Side commercial corridors. Six banks — Charlotte, North Carolina-based Bank of America, the second-largest bank in the nation with $2.5 trillion of assets; M&T, which has $203 billion of assets; KeyBank; Warsaw, New York-based Five Star Bank, which has about $6 billion of assets; Northwest and Evans — are among the 14 private and philanthropic organizations that pledged a combined $8.4 million to pay for five years’ worth of operational support, governance and finance, fundraising and technical assistance to support the nonprofits doing the work.
Laura Quebral, director of the University at Buffalo Regional Institute, which is managing East Side Avenues, said the banks were the first corporations to step up to the request for help, and since then have provided loans and other products and education to keep the program moving.
Their participation “is a signal to the community that banks cared and were invested and were willing to collaborate around something,” Quebral said. “Being at the table was so meaningful.”
Richard Hamister is Northwest’s New York regional president and former co-chair of East Side Avenues. Hamister, who is based in Buffalo, said banks are a “community asset” that have a responsibility to lift up all communities, including those where conditions have arisen that allow it to be a target of racism like the East Side.
“We operate under federal charters, so we have an obligation to the community to not only provide products and services they need but also support when you go through a tragedy like that,” Hamister said. “We also have a moral obligation to try to help when things are broken … and to do what we can. We can’t fix everything, but we’ve got to fix our piece and try to help where we can.”
In the wake of a tragedy
After the massacre, there was a flurry of activity within banks and other organizations, local and out-of-town, to respond to the immediate needs of East Side residents. With the community’s only supermarket closed indefinitely, much of the response centered around food collection and distribution. Three of M&T’s five East Side branches, including the Jefferson Avenue branch across the street from Tops, became food distribution sites for weeks after the shooting. On two consecutive Fridays, Northwest provided around 200 free lunches to the community, using a neighborhood caterer who is also the bank’s customer. And BankOnBuffalo collected employee donations that amounted to more than 20 boxes of toiletries and other items that were distributed to a nonprofit.
At the same time, M&T, KeyBank and other banks began financial donations to organizations that could support the immediate needs of the community. KeyBank provided a van that delivered food and took people to nearby grocery stores. Providence, Rhode Island-based Citizens Financial Group, whose ATM inside Tops was inaccessible during the store’s temporary closure, installed a fee-free ATM near a community center located about a half-mile north of Tops, and later put a permanent ATM inside the center that remains there today. And M&T rolled out a short-term loan program to provide capital to East Side small-business owners.
One of the funds that benefited from banks’ support was the Buffalo Together Community Response Fund, which has raised $6.2 million to address the long-term needs of the East Side.
Bank of America and Evans Bank each donated $100,000 to the fund, whose list of major sponsors includes four other banks — JPMorgan Chase, Citigroup, M&T and KeyBank. Thomas Beauford Jr., a former banker who is co-chair of the response fund, said banks, by and large, directed their resources into organizations where the dollars would have an immediate impact.
“Banks said, ‘Hey, you know … it doesn’t make sense for us to try to build something right now. … We will fund you in the work you’re doing,'” said Beauford, who has been president and CEO of the Buffalo Urban League since the fall of 2020. “I would say banks showed up in a big way.”
Fourteen months later, banks say they are committed to playing a positive role on the East Side. For the second year, KeyBank is sponsoring a farmers’ market on the East Side, an attempt to help fill the food desert in the community. Last fall, BankOnBuffalo launched a mobile “bank on wheels” truck that’s stationed on the East Side every Wednesday. The 34-foot-long truck, which is staffed by two people and includes an ATM and a printer to make debit cards, was in the works before the shooting, and will eventually make four stops per week around the Buffalo area.
Evans has partnered with the city of Buffalo to construct seven market-rate single family homes on vacant lots on the East Side. The relationship with the city is an example of how banks can pair up with other entities to create something meaningful and lasting, more than they might be able to do on their own, said Evans President and CEO David Nasca.
The bank has “picked areas” where it can use its resources to make a difference, Nasca said.
“I don’t think the root causes can be ameliorated” by banks alone, he said. “We can’t just grant money. It has to be within our construct of a financial institution that invests and supports the public-private partnership. … All the oars [need to be] pulling together or this doesn’t work.”
‘Little or no engagement with minorities’
All of these efforts are, of course, welcomed by the community, but there is still criticism that banks haven’t done enough to make up for their past contributions to segregating the city. And perhaps more importantly, some of that criticism centers on banks failing to do their most basic function in society — provide credit.
In 2021, the New York State Department of Financial Services issued a report about redlining in Buffalo. The regulator looked at banks and nonbank lenders and found that loans made to minorities in the Buffalo metro area made up 9.74% of total loans in Buffalo. Overall, Black residents comprise about 33% of Buffalo’s total population of more than 276,000, census data shows.
The department said its investigation showed the lower percentage was not due to “excessive denials of loan applications based on race or ethnicity,” but rather that “these companies had little or no engagement with minorities and generally made scant effort to do so.”
“The unsurprising result of this has been that few minority customers or individuals seeking homes in majority-minority neighborhoods have made loan applications … in the first instance.”
Furthermore, accusations of redlining persist today, even though the practice of discriminating in housing based on race was outlawed by the Fair Housing Act of 1968.
In 2014, Evans was accused of redlining by the New York State Attorney General, which said the community bank was specifically avoiding making mortgage loans on the East Side. The bank, which at the time had $874 million of assets, agreed to pay $825,000 to settle the case, but Nasca maintains that the charges were unfounded. He points to the fact that the bank never had a fair lending or fair housing violation, no specific incidents were ever claimed and that the bank’s Community Reinvestment Act exam never found evidence of discriminatory or illegal credit practices.
The bank has a greater presence on the East Side today, but that’s because it has grown in size, not because it is trying to make up for previous accusations of redlining, he said.
“Ten years ago, our involvement [on the East Side] certainly wasn’t what you’re seeing today,” Nasca said. “We were looking to participate more, but we were participating within our means and our reach. As we have grown, we have built more resources to be able to do more.”
Shortly after accusations were made against Evans, Five Star Bank, the banking arm of Financial Institutions in Warsaw, New York, was also accused of redlining by the state Attorney General. Five Star, which has been growing its presence in the Buffalo market for several years, wound up settling the charges for $900,000 and agreeing to open two branches in the city of Rochester.
KeyBank is currently being accused of redlining by the National Community Reinvestment Coalition. In a 2022 report, the group said that KeyBank is engaging in systemic redlining by making very few home purchase loans in certain neighborhoods where the majority of residents are Black. Buffalo is one of several cities where the bank’s mortgage lending “effectively wall[ed] out Black neighborhoods,” especially parts of the East Side, the report said.
KeyBank denied the allegations. In March, the coalition asked regulators to investigate the bank’s mortgage lending practices.
Beyond providing more credit, some community members believe that banks should be playing a larger role in addressing other needs on the East Side. And the list of needs runs the gamut from more grocery stores to safe, affordable housing to infrastructure improvements such as street and sidewalk repairs.
Alexander Wright is founder of the African Heritage Food Co-op, an initiative launched in 2016 to address the dearth of grocery store options on the East Side, where he grew up. Wright said that while banks’ philanthropic efforts are important, banks in general “need to be in a place of remediation” to fix underlying issues that the industry, as a whole, helped create. (After publication of this story, Wright left his job as CEO of the African Heritage Food Co-Op.)
Aside from charitable donations, banks should be finding more ways to work directly with East Side business owners and entrepreneurs, helping them with capital-building support along the way, Wright said. One place to start would be technical assistance by way of bank volunteers.
“Banks are always looking to volunteer. ‘Hey, want to come out and paint a fence? Want to come out and do a garden?'” Wright said. “No. Come out here and help Keshia with bookkeeping. Come out here and do QuickBooks classes for folks. Bring out tax experts. Because these are things that befuddle a lot of small businesses. Who is your marketing person? Bring that person out here. Because those are the things that are going to build the business to self-sufficiency.
“Anything short of the capacity-building … that will allow folks to rise to the occasion and be self-sufficient I think is almost a waste,” Wright added. “We don’t need them to lead the plan. What we need them to do is be in the community and [be] hearing the plan and supporting it.”
Parker, of Open Buffalo, has similar thoughts about the role that banks should play. One day, soon after the massacre, an ATM appeared down the street from Tops, next to the library that sits across the street from Parker’s office. Soon after the ATM was installed, Parker began fielding questions from area residents who were skeptical of the machine and wanted to know if it was legitimate. But Parker didn’t have any information to share with them. “There was no outreach. There was no community engagement. So I’m like, ‘Let me investigate,'” she said. “I think that’s a symptom of how investment is done in Black communities, even though it may be well-intentioned.”
As it turns out, the temporary ATM belonged to JPMorgan Chase. The megabank has had a commercial banking presence in Buffalo for years, but it didn’t operate a retail branch in the region until last year. Today it has four branches in operation and plans to open another two by the end of the year, a spokesperson said.
After the Tops shooting, the governor’s office reached out to Chase asking if the bank could help in some way, the spokesperson said in response to the skepticism. The spokesperson said that while the Chase retail brand is new to the Buffalo region, the company has been active in the market for decades by way of commercial banking, private banking, credit card lending, home lending and other businesses.
In addition to the ATM, the bank provided funding to local organizations including FeedMore Western New York, which distributes food throughout the region.
“We are committed to continuing our support for Buffalo and helping the community increase access to opportunities that build wealth and economic empowerment,” the spokesperson said in an email.
In the year since the massacre, there has been some progress by banks in terms of their interest in listening to the East Side community and learning about its needs, said Nicholas. But he hasn’t felt an air of urgency from the banking community to tackle the issues right now.
“I do experience banks being a little more open to figuring out what their role is, but it’s slow. It’s slow,” said Nicholas. The senior pastor of the Lincoln Memorial United Methodist Church, located about a mile north from Tops, Nicholas is part of a 13-member local advisory committee for the New York arm of Local Initiatives Support Coalition, or LISC. The group is focused on mobilizing resources, including banks, to address affordable housing in Western New York, specifically in the inner city, as well as training minority developers and connecting them to potential investors, Nicholas said.
Of the 13 members, seven are from banks — one each from M&T, Bank of America, BankOnBuffalo, Evans and KeyBank, and two members from Citizens Financial Group. One of the priorities of LISC NY is health equity, and the fact that banks are becoming more engaged in looking at health disparities is promising, Nicholas said. Still, they have more work to do, he said.
“I need them to think more on how to strengthen and build the economy on the East Side and provide leadership around that, not only to provide charitable things, but using sound business and banking and community development principles to say, ‘OK, if we’re going to invest in this community, these are the types of things that need to happen in this community,’ and then encourage their partners and other people they work with … to come fully in on the East Side.”
Some bankers agree with the community activists.
“Putting a branch in is great. Having a bank on wheels is great,” said Noah of BankOnBuffalo. “But if you’re not embedded in the community, listening to the community and trying to improve it, you’re not creating that wealth and creating a better lifestyle for everyone.”
What could make a substantial difference in terms of banks’ impact on the community is a combination of collaboration and leadership, said Taylor. He supports the idea of banks leading the charge on the creation of a comprehensive redevelopment and reinvestment plan for the East Side, and then investing accordingly and collaboratively through their charitable foundations.
“All of them have these foundations,” Taylor said. “You can either spend that money in a strategic and intentional way designed to develop a community for the existing population, or you can spend that money alone in piecemeal, siloed, sectorial fashion that will look good on an annual report, but won’t generate transformational and generational changes inside a community.”
Banks might be incentivized to work together because it could mean two things for them, according to Taylor: First, they’d have an opportunity to spend money in a way that would have maximum impact on the East Side, and second, if done right, the city and the banks could become a model of the way to create high levels of diversity, equity and inclusion in an urban area.
“If you prove how to do that, all that does is open up other markets of consumption all over the country because people want to figure out how to do that same thing,” Taylor said.
Some of that is already happening, at least on a bank-by-bank case, said KeyBank’s Owunwanne. Through the KeyBank Foundation, the company is able to leverage different relationships that connect nonprofits to other entities and corporations that can provide help.
“I see this as an opportunity for us to make not just incremental changes, but monumental changes … as part of a larger group,” Owunwanne said “Again, I say that not to absolve the bank of any responsibility, but just as a larger group.”
Downstairs from Parker’s office, Golden Cup Coffee, a roastery and cafe run by a husband and wife team, and some other Jefferson Avenue businesses are trying to build up a business association for existing and potential Jefferson-area businesses. Parker imagined what the group could accomplish if one of the banks could provide someone on a part-time basis to facilitate conversations, provide administrative support and coordinate marketing efforts.
“In the grand scheme of things, when we’re talking about a multimillion dollar [bank], a part-time employee specifically dedicated to relationship-building and building out coalitions, it sounds like a small thing,” Parker said. “But that’s transformational.”
A top bank isn’t always the highest flier, but one that can survive the tough periods in a more turbulent economy.
That’s the story of Gateway First in Jenks, Oklahoma, the No. 1 bank on the 2022 list of top-performing banks with $2 billion to $10 billion of assets compiled by the consulting firm Capital Performance Group. The list ranks the banks by their three-year average return on average equity. The $2.1 billion-asset Gateway’s three-year average ROAE of 25.36% put it at the top of the list.
But compared to its top-performing peers that hovered in the 20% to 30% range in the last three years, Gateway First had a very different journey. Its ROAE was slashed in half from 2020 to 2021, going from 45.66% to 26.58%. This then plummeted down to 3.84% in 2022.
“I don’t think there’s any company I’ve seen that has been through more change in the last five years than we have,” said Scott Gesell, CEO of Gateway First Bank. This included changes brought on by an acquisition and a change in strategy.
“But we’ve weathered the storm,” Gesell added. “And it’s because we got great people.”
The bank, originally an independent mortgage company called Gateway Mortgage Group, acquired Farmers Exchange Bank and became Gateway First Bank in 2019. Gateway First’s dominance in the mortgage market proved to be a boon during the pandemic when rates were cut in an attempt to spur economic activity. In 2020, the 30-year fixed-rate mortgage fell below 3% for the first time, and then hit an all-time low of 2.65% in January 2021.
Gesell noted that those were some of the “best years in the history of mortgage lending.” The bank’s mortgage loans peaked at $11.8 billion dollars in the middle of 2020, he added.
Then came the end of 2021, when the bank’s mortgage loans fell to only $4 billion. “It was a transition year away from that and into kind of the worst year in mortgage banking, probably since 2008,” he said.
Interest rates have spiked to more than 7% this year. Ninety-nine percent of borrowers had a mortgage rate lower than 6% or the current market rate, according to Goldman Sachs earlier this year. This has deterred refinancing, with the number of these loans dropping from 1.8 million in the first quarter of 2021 to just 9,700 in the fourth quarter of 2022. Gesell called it a “perfect storm in the mortgage industry today.”
Gateway has made efforts to diversify its balance sheet by racking up more commercial loans while maintaining and monitoring its current mortgage portfolio. Gesell highlighted that mortgage banking is a more “fickle and volatile business” than other lines of business.
Steven Reider, president of the consulting firm Bancography, said that facing a dearth of refinancing and mortgage activity, it’s good for a bank to look for other revenue streams.
“There’s a benefit from diversification because all of our business lines and all our economic sectors don’t tend to move in lockstep,” he added. “But it takes time to build the product. It takes time to build the personnel.”
The industries of Gateway’s commercial loans are diverse, according to Gesell, ranging from hospitality to energy lending. Meanwhile, the bank has steered clear from lending on commercial office real estate given the uncertainty of that business right now. Remote work has persisted since the pandemic, and office vacancies have reached an all-time high at 16.1% in the first quarter.
Besides diversifying its loan portfolio, the company also cut operations and staffing since the mortgage boom ended. The company cut its number of mortgage centers from 170 to 125 and trimmed its headcount from 1,800 employees who work on mortgage originations to 1,100.
“It’s a tough deal but people know that we aren’t doing it lightly,” added Gesell. “The nice thing is we had a couple good years that allowed us to buffer and soft-land the process of downsizing.”
Gateway’s near-future growth strategy will continue to focus on commercial lending, while fortifying its deposit base — the bank currently has one of the highest loan-to-deposit ratios in the top-performing banks ranking at around 140%. Gesell said that they will be able to do this through organic customer growth and acquisitions of banks heavier on deposits than loans. He is aiming to decrease Gateway’s loan-to-deposit ratio to 90% by the end of 2024.
“That’s sort of been the history of the organization. There has been a commitment to reinvesting in the organization on an ongoing basis because you want to maintain yourself in a position to continue to grow,” said Gesell.
Credit unions saw savings account balances plunge in March, as members withdrew funds to cover daily needs and to search for higher yields.
The average credit union member had $13,818 in total savings deposits in March 2023, down from $14,104 in March 2022. The $286 year-over-year drop is the biggest in credit union history, according to a new report from TruStage (formerly CUNA Mutual Group), an insurance and financial services company that monitors the credit union industry.
The company said the dip was due to partly to middle-income members withdrawing savings to spend on hotels, airfares and restaurants now that the COVID-19 pandemic is coming to an end.
At the same time, some high-income members are withdrawing deposits in search of higher yields.
“This disintermediation of deposits is a big concern for credit unions and the economy in general, as falling deposits could lead to a credit contraction and slower economic growth,” said Steve Rick, chief economist for TruStage.
Overall for the first quarter, total shares and deposits rose by $37.6 billion, or 2%, over the year to $1.89 trillion, according to National Credit Union Administration data. But regular shares declined by $44.3 billion, or 6.5%, while other deposits — led by share certificate accounts — increased by $76.3 billion, or 9.8%.
Kinecta Federal Credit Union in Manhattan Beach, California, is one institution that has seen a dip in deposits and also a shift in the mix.
The $6.7 billion-asset credit union had total shares and deposits just below $6 billion at the end of the first quarter, down 3% from a year earlier.
Kinecta CEO Keith Sultemeier said there has been a consistent, gradual decline in demand deposits due to increased spending, as members are having to pay more for their daily purchases as prices increase.
“This is the primary driver of overall deposit declines,” Sultemeier said. “There is some discretionary spending of remaining COVID-19 stimulus, but this is mostly gone today.”
Kinecta’s deposit balance per member is down about 2.4% year over year, and the company has also seen a shift from demand deposits to time deposits — mostly from money market accounts to certificates of deposit, as those rates have increased.
“In our markets, we’ve seen competition for deposits heat up considerably. Banks and credit unions have increased rates to remain competitive, protect their existing deposit base and insure they maintain adequate liquidity,” Sultemeier said.
And net interest margins are getting squeezed as a result.
The scale and velocity of Federal Reserve rate increases and an inverted yield curve haven’t helped, but Sultemeier said the situation is manageable.
Kinecta is planning ahead for two additional rate increases from the Fed, but inflation has reportedly cooled, Sultemeier said. He is hopeful members will benefit from slower price increases, and the credit unions demand deposit decline should slow accordingly.
“We are comfortable with our liquidity and plan to keep our rates competitive, but will likely not seek high deposit growth this year,” Sultemeier said.
The news hasn’t been any better for banks, although there may be some hope on the horizon.
Deposits plummeted across the banking sector in March following the collapses of Silicon Valley Bank and Signature Bank. Depositors shifted funds from their savings and checking accounts to U.S. Treasuries and other safe havens amid the worry caused by the deposit runs that hastened the failures.
The U.S. banking sector lost 2.5% of its deposit base in the first quarter, according to S&P Global Market Intelligence data.
Federal Reserve data showed that most banks posted substantial deposit recoveries by April, and funding across the industry started to stabilize by May. Still, analysts are awaiting second-quarter bank earnings reports this month to get firm data on where deposits stand relative to the start of the year — prior to the failures.
Analysts widely expect that banks will report deposit levels are in steady recovery mode, but with interest rates high and competition fierce, the cost of that funding is widely projected to jump. This would cause net interest margins to contract, eating into profits.
“The deposit panic from several months ago appears to have subsided across the industry, as evidenced by stable-ish deposit levels,” said Piper Sandler analyst Matthew Clark. “A lasting impact, however, is that depositors have woken up to how much they can earn on their money, which has accelerated the shift into higher-yielding products.”
Geoff Bacino, a consultant and former NCUA board member, said the drop in credit union savings mirrors that of the rest of the financial industry. With the cost of most things going up, credit union members are experiencing the same hardships that many Americans are facing.
Even everyday items such as groceries are now being purchased through buy now/pay later programs, he said.
“There may not be much that credit unions can do to mitigate it, as these are factors beyond institutional control,” Bacino said. “But credit unions have to consider these factors when addressing issues with members such as collections and delinquencies.”
Whether you are a freelancer, side hustler, or run a full-time business, opening a separate business bank account should be your first move after starting your business.
A business bank account helps you keep your business finances and personal income and expenses separate. Having a business bank account for all your business finances makes it easy to run records and track your costs and deductions at tax time.
Business checking accounts can also help business owners establish credit, which they can use for net terms with suppliers or to take out business loans or business credit cards.
But which business checking account is best? And can you find good options with free business checking accounts?
12 Best Free Business Checking Accounts
We’ve done the legwork for you, compiling a list of the 12 best free business checking accounts available in the U.S. today.
1. Bluevine: Best Free Business Checking Account Overall
Bluevine offers one of the most comprehensive and best free business checking accounts you’ll find. It has no monthly maintenance fees, no overdraft fees, and an annual percentage yield APY of 2% on up to $250,000 of your balance if you meet monthly activity goals. To qualify, simply make $500 in debit card purchases with your Bluevine business debit or receive $2,500 per month in customer payments to your account.
Bluevine offers features that make it great for a team, including the ability to open multiple sub-accounts and even have separate logins for employees or contractors, like accountants and virtual assistants.
While some free business checking accounts have transaction limits, your Bluevine business checking account does not. Funds are backed by Coastal Community Bank, Member FDIC. Coastal Community Bank provides business banking services for Bluevine customers.
2. Capital One Business Bank Account: Best for Local Branches
If you’re looking for personalized service at local branches, consider Capital One business checking. Capital One offers two tiers of checking accounts: Basic and Enhanced. Both accounts offer unlimited digital transactions, free overdraft coverage, access to Capital One’s mobile app, no ATM fees at 70,000 Capital One, Allpoint, and MoneyPass ATMs, and low monthly fees that are easily waived when you meet minimum balance requirements.
Capital One Enhanced business checking is designed for larger businesses who can meet $25,000 average daily balance requirements needed to waive the $35 monthly service fee. Enjoy free incoming wire transfers, five free outgoing wire transfers monthly, and a remote scanner for mobile check deposits.
3. GO2bank: Best for Online Banking
GO2bank is a complete mobile banking solution with digital banking services provided by Green Dot Bank. The bank offers many features in its online business checking account that will appeal to business owners and their employees, including co-branded debit cards, optional overdraft protection, and a co-branded app for businesses. You can also get a secured business credit card through GO2bank.
Waive the monthly fees with qualifying direct deposits, and receive ACH payments up to two days early. You can also purchase eGift cards for yourself or as employee incentives and earn up to 7% cash back.
4. Found: Best for Freelancers
Hailed as the debit card for the self-employed, we rate Found as the best free business account for freelancers. It has no monthly maintenance fees, no minimum deposit or minimum balance requirements, and no credit check to open your account.
Found has a few features that can help you streamline your business. By evaluating your income and expenses, Found can calculate your tax bill, categorize tax write-offs, and even auto-save the correct amount from each deposit to cover your quarterly taxes. You can also send invoices from the app.
Found is a financial technology company, not a bank. Deposits are FDIC insured through Piermont Bank.
5. First Citizens Bank Basic Business Checking: Best for Checking Account Choices:
Most business checking accounts have one option for a business owner. First Citizens has four choices to help you choose the right business checking account with the features you need. The basic business checking account offers 100 transactions with no monthly fee, and has a minimum opening deposit of $100.
Business Banking I is free with a merchant account or a minimum daily balance of $25,000. It offers processing of up to $250 transactions per month, plus $10,000 in cash processing, including cash deposits. Business Banking II has similar features with 500 free transactions and $15,000 in cash processing, including cash deposits. There is a $50 monthly fee unless you have a merchant account or an average daily ledger balance of $50,000.
Business Banking III is best for larger enterprises who want choices and do a high volume of business. Process up to 750 transactions free each month, with $20,000 in cash deposits. You’ll need a merchant account or $75,000 in your average daily ledger balance to avoid the monthly maintenance fee.
Business Banking I, II, and III accounts also let you customize your plan with additional discounted services.
6. Novo Business Checking Account: Best for E-commerce and App Integrations
Novo is not a bank, it’s a financial technology company with deposits backed by Middlesex Federal Savings, Member FDIC. Novo is one of the most tech-forward financial institutions on our list, offering easy integration with apps like Shopify, Wise, Stripe, Square, and Quickbooks.
The Novo Business Checking account has no monthly fees, no minimum balance requirements, no cash deposit fees, and ATM fee reimbursement for out-of-network ATM use. Account holders can also get discounts on popular business software and services, including LegalZoom, Constant Contact, and Stripe.
7. Mercury Banking For Start-ups: Best for Start-ups
Bootstrapped and venture-backed startups of every size have unique needs in a business checking account. A Mercury free business checking account helps your money stretch further with no monthly fee, no minimum balance requirements, and no minimum deposit to open. You can earn 5.11% annual percentage yield APY with mutual funds invested through Mercury Treasury if you have an account balance of $250,000 or more.
Mercury free business checking offers unlimited free transactions, including no cash deposit fees, for businesses who process less than $200,000 per month. The account offers team management tools, debit cards for multiple employees, and capabilities to open multiple checking and savings accounts to manage cash flow.
Plus, your Mercury account is backed by up to $5 million worth of FDIC insurance through partner banks. Banking services are provided by Choice Financial Group and Evolve Bank & Trust, Members FDIC and deposits are held in various partner banks.
8. U.S. Bank Silver Business Checking: Best for Sign-up Bonus
If you’re looking to earn free cash to boost your business, consider a U.S. Bank Silver Business checking account with a $100 minimum deposit before June 30, 2023. You can earn a $500 bonus when you make new deposits of at least $5,000 and maintain a minimum balance of at least $5,000 until 60 days after the account opening. Increase that to $15,000 in new money deposits and maintain that balance for 60 days and earn $750 deposited into your new business checking account.
U.S. Bank offers tons of benefits for business owners, including no transaction fees for up to 125 transactions each month, 25 free cash transactions (or up to $2,500 in free cash deposits, whichever comes first), no monthly maintenance fee, and 50% off on your first check order, up to $50.
Larger businesses may prefer a Gold Business Checking Account, with no transaction fees for up to 300 transactions per month. It also has a waivable $20 monthly fee.
There is also a Platinum Checking Account Package with 500 free transactions and a $30 monthly fee. This fee is waived by meeting monthly minimum balance requirements.
9. Chase Business Complete Banking: Best for Payment Processing
For those who want to avoid online only banks and are looking for a big bank with international recognition and branches and ATMs across the U.S., Chase Business Complete Banking offers a solid solution. It comes with many ways to waive the monthly service fee.
Chase also makes it easy to accept credit and debit card payments without using a third-party payment processor. Chase QuickAccept is a built-in feature as part of Chase Business Complete Banking. You don’t need to apply for a separate merchant account, and the transaction fees are competitive with other credit card processing companies.
QuickAccept also allows you to access money faster with same-day deposits with no added fees. If you need a merchant payment processing provider that works in synch with your bank account, Chase Business Complete Banking could be the best choice for you.
Right now through August 3, 2023, businesses can earn a bonus up to $500 when they open a Chase Business Complete Checking account and meet requirements, which including total deposits of $15,000 or more. Deposit just $2,000 or more and snag an easy $300 for your new business checking account.
10. Huntington Business Checking 100 (Midwest): Best for Community Banking
Huntington National Bank, headquartered in Columbus, Ohio, since 1866, offers three business checking accounts, including a business interest checking account, Unlimited Plus Business Checking.
The top-tier account includes unlimited transactions, plus cash deposits of up to $25,000. Waive the $40 monthly fee with up to $50,000 in total deposit relationship balances across business accounts. Designed for larger businesses, the Unlimited Plus Business Checking allows you to choose two bonus services such as a fraud tool, waived returned deposited items fees on up to 25 items per month, or two free incoming domestic wires monthly.
The Unlimited Business Checking account offers similar features, with unlimited transactions, free cash deposits on up to $10,000 per month, and a choice of one bonus service. Waive the $20 monthly fee by maintaining a minimum balance of at least $10,000. A Business Checking 100 account offers up to 100 transactions per month, and up to $5,000 in cash transactions with no monthly fee.
Huntington is devoted to the local communities it serves and spotlights small business owners on its website. It also specializes in SBA loans and offers a linked business money market account to earn interest on savings with no monthly maintenance fee if you maintain an average daily balance of $10,000+.
11. Relay Business Checking: Best for Money Management
Relay online banking offers up to 20 primary business checking accounts for members of your team or for different business expenses, plus 50 virtual or physical Visa debit cards. Designed to assist with cash flow and money management, your Relay online banking account allows automated transfers into the various checking accounts based on percentage of income or flat-rate dollar figures.
Your Relay online and mobile banking account also includes up to two business savings accounts with APYs of 1% to 3%. Best of all, unlike many free business checking accounts that are only free if you meet transaction or balance requirements, Relay has no monthly maintenance fee, no transaction fees, no overdraft fees, no ATM fees, and no minimum balance requirements.
12. Axos Basic Business Checking Account: Best for No Fees
Axos Bank has been voted best online bank by Money Magazine and its business offering stands out for small business owners as a straightforward business checking account with no transaction fees, no monthly maintenance fee, and no minimum opening deposit. You also don’t have to worry about balance requirements or ATM fees. You’ll even receive unlimited reimbursements for using out-of-network ATMs within the U.S.
You will need to maintain a minimum balance of at least $5,000 for the first five statement cycles to earn a $100 account opening bonus. You will receive $25 into your business account each month you maintain the minimum requirements. However, if you close the account within 120 days, you might have to pay a $100 early closure fee.
What to Consider When Choosing the Best Free Business Checking Account
The best free business checking account for your business depends on the volume of cash deposits, number of transactions, the size of your company and your general banking needs.
It’s important for a business of any size, including a sole proprietor or 1099 contractor, to open a business checking account to keep business funds separate from your personal checking account and other personal finances. This is especially important at tax time.
Many of the business bank accounts on our list of best free business checking accounts make it easy for you to track your business finances. They offer end-of-month or quarterly reports or integrate with QuickBooks or other accounting software to make money management easy. This, along with costs, quality of customer service, mobile apps, and more should factor into your decision when you choose a small business checking account.
Monthly Maintenance Fee
Account fees have long been a fact of life for individuals and business owners, but they no longer have to be with so many free checking accounts available today. Some of the banks on this list, including Axos and Relay, offer no monthly fee of any kind. Others make it easy to waive the monthly fee by meeting balance requirements.
See if there are any balance requirements, direct deposit requirements, or minimum debit card purchases to avoid the monthly service fee, and if you will be able to meet those minimums easily each month.
Easy-to-use Online and Mobile Banking
Even basic business checking today should have a robust app and mobile banking solutions, including mobile check deposits, capability to turn your debit cards on or off, and to monitor spending in a user-friendly app.
You may think online-only banks have better mobile capabilities, but that’s not always the case. All the best business checking accounts on our list have intuitive, user-friendly mobile apps.
Low Minimum Opening Deposit Requirements
Most of the free checking accounts on our list have low minimum opening deposit requirements. Some may have higher minimums to earn a bonus on your business checking account. Make sure to read the fine print and know the minimum deposit requirements if you want to earn that sign-up bonus.
Reasonable Fees
While it’s possible to find a business checking account with no monthly service fee, your bank may have some fees. Read the fine print so you know exactly what you’re getting for your money. It should be easy to avoid ATM fees, overdraft fees, and even monthly fees.
However, you may have to pay for wire transfers, out-of-network ATMs, and other transactions. Unlike personal accounts, it’s common for business bank accounts to have fees if you deposit cash. Sometimes, a certain number of cash transactions is included in your monthly fee.
Customer Service
It’s important to research the bank’s customer service before you commit to a business checking account. Online only banks, especially, may have limited ways to reach customer support. Find out if they offer 24/7 service. Many people prefer online banking for the convenience and low account fees. But if you experience a problem, you want to make sure you can get help promptly.
Positive Customer Reviews
When you’re looking for the best business checking account, it pays to research the opinions of other business owners like you. Customer reviews can give you a feel for the level of customer service, ATM fees, monthly fees, fraud protection, and more.
Practical Transaction and Cash Deposit Limits
Many of the best business checking accounts offer unlimited transactions and reasonable monthly limits to deposit cash. Many banks offer different tiers of business checking accounts, so you can pay a set monthly fee for the level of service you need.
Linked Business Savings Account or Business Interest Checking Account
If you want to earn interest on your cash reserves, look for a checking account that pays interest or for a bank with a high interest savings account. Pay attention to account fees, withdrawal limits, and
Consider the Need for a Bank With Physical Locations
Online banking offers lower monthly fees and convenience. But if your business needs to deposit cash regularly or you just want personalized service and relationship banking, you might prefer a bank account at a financial institution with brick-and-mortar locations.
Questions to Ask Before Deciding on a Business Checking Account
When you’re shopping around for a free business checking account, consider your needs, the number of transactions you conduct daily, your account balance, and whether you prefer a traditional bank or are willing to consider online only banks for your business checking needs. Ask yourself the following questions so you can compare your options.
Will you be making regular cash deposits?
Many business checking accounts charge a fee if you want to deposit cash. Sometimes, a number of cash deposits will be included in your monthly fee. Make sure to pick an account with the capabilities you need.
Do you prefer a bank or credit union?
You might prefer the personalized service of a credit union instead of choosing a large bank or an online bank. When you’re evaluating credit unions, compare all the features and fees the same as you would evaluate business bank accounts.
Do you need to process customer transactions?
Banks like Chase offer credit card processing as an add-on feature to their services. If you are using an online bank, you might want one that integrates with Stripe, Square, or other payment processors. The capability to process customer transactions is one element that sets a business bank apart from a personal checking account.
Do you want to earn interest on your balance?
Several banks on our list offer high yield savings accounts, which is a benefit for small businesses, start-ups, and any business that wants to earn free money from their balance. You might also consider an interest earning business checking account like Bluevine, which pays interest on your checking account balance.
Business Checking vs. Money Market Account
A money market account is a special savings account designed to hold money that you may need to access in the short term. Some money market accounts offer higher APYs than other savings accounts. A money market account often has limits on the number of fee-free withdrawals per month.
Most business owners will want to open a free business checking account and link it to a money market account to earn interest on cash reserves.
What You Need to Open a Small Business Checking Account
You may not need an Employer Identification Number or Tax ID number to open a business checking account. If you have one, you should open the account using that number instead of your Social Security number to help keep your business and personal funds separate.
But if you are a freelancer and file taxes as a sole proprietor/self-employed, you can open your business checking account with your SSN. However, if your business has a DBA (doing business as) you will need a certificate or paperwork showing that name.
Likewise, if you are an LLC, you’ll need your business registration along with your EIN. If you have a partnership, you’ll need your partnership agreement and paperwork showing the business name.
Beyond that, you can open a business checking account with your business address, a phone number, email address and the minimum deposit (if required). Visit a branch for personalized service or open your free business checking account online.
FAQs
See what people are asking about free business checking accounts.
Do you need to pay account or transaction fees?
Some business checking accounts have monthly fees that you can waive by meeting specific requirements. You may also pay ATM fees, fees for cash deposits, and fees for wire transfers or international transactions.
Read the fine print or speak to a personal banker to choose the account that’s right for you.
Can you open a business checking account with no credit check?
Most banks and credit unions will allow you to open a business checking account with no credit check. By maintaining a positive balance in your account, you can build your business credit. A credit check may be required for business loans, lines of credit, or “net” terms with vendors.
What are the most important features of business checking accounts?
Most business owners are looking for business checking with no ATM fees and no monthly fee or easy ways to waive the monthly fee. Beyond that, consider the type and number of transactions you complete monthly, whether you need payment processing capabilities, and if you want a linked savings account to earn interest.
What banks offer free business checking accounts?
Many online and traditional banks offer free business checking or easy ways to waive the monthly fee. The list above describes 12 of our favorite options in free business checking.
PacWest has agreed to sell a roughly $2.6 billion portfolio of construction loans to real estate investment firm Kennedy-Wilson to bolster liquidity, the bank said in a filing Monday.
The deal is “consistent with [PacWest’s] previously announced strategy … to pursue strategic assets sales and focus on our core community banking business.”
The bank earlier this month spotlighted, among its options, moving a “$2.7 billion Lender Finance loan portfolio to held for sale in 1Q23.”
Under the deal, Kennedy-Wilson will buy the portfolio of 74 loans at a discounted price of nearly $2.4 billion with an aggregate principal balance of $2.6 billion. The firm also agreed to assume all of the loans’ future funding obligations.
The transaction also includes the selling of additional six real estate construction loans with an aggregate principal balance of nearly $363 million.
The deal is expected to close in multiple tranches during this year’s second and third quarters. Kennedy-Wilson will see a total investment between 2.5% and 5.0% of the purchase price and future funding obligations.
Beverly Hills, California-based PacWest has been under pressure following the collapse of Silicon Valley Bank and Signature Bank in mid-March, which prompted depositors to pull money from other midsize regional banks. PacWest stocks have seen sharp declines and have shed around three-quarters of their value since Dec. 31. Monday’s announcement pushed PacWest’s share price up 14%, the Financial Times reported.
The lender lost around $5 billion in deposits in the first quarter amid market turmoil, but it said it did not see any extraordinary deposit flows in late April, when another bank, First Republic, failed and was acquired by JPMorgan Chase.
As part of the deal, Kennedy-Wilson will deposit $20 million into a third-party escrow account that will be refunded fully to the company until it completes due diligence and plans to hire PacWest employees managing the loan portfolio.
Kennedy-Wilson focuses on multifamily and office properties and has $23 billion in assets under management from real estate it owns and through its investment management platform as of March 31 — up $5 billion from the end of 2020, according to Bloomberg.
Kennedy-Wilson announced in December that its real estate debt investment surpassed $3 billion in originations in just more than two years, the wire service reported.
PacWest reported a net loss of $1.21 billion in the first quarter, with $860 million in unrealized losses in its securities portfolio. The lender also designated investment bank Piper Sandler to help it explore strategic options, the Financial Times reported this month.
It also lined up $1.4 billion from a financing facility provided by Atlas SP Partners in April.
From food and agriculture to outdoor recreation, Maine is jam-packed with industry. But all those employees need banking services. The state has everything from online banks to large, corporate lenders with branches in Maine.
If you’re interested in a community bank, you can find those as well. This list of the best banks in Maine is designed to help you find the most convenient lender for your financial needs.
12 Best Banks in Maine
There are a few things to consider when you’re choosing a new banking provider. Customers often need to find a bank that reduces fees while also offering high interest rates on balances. You may also want to look at a bank with competitive rates on personal loans or rewards for purchases. Here’s a list of the 12 best banks in Maine to help you narrow down your options.
1. Camden National Bank
With branches in Maine and New Hampshire, Camden National Bank offers great customer service and multiple checking account options. ATMs are limited to the Camden National Bank service area, but you’ll get up to $10 in out-of-network ATM fees each month. If you travel frequently, consider the Premier Checking account, which provides unlimited rebates for ATM use both in the U.S. and internationally.
Pros:
Rebates for non-Camden National Bank ATMs
Multiple checking account options, from fee-free to interest-earning
Variety of wealth management services available
Cons:
Branches and ATMs limited to New Hampshire and Maine
Low rates on savings
2. Chime
Chime is one of the many online banks that partners with a nationwide network for ATM access. You’ll be able to withdraw cash using your debit card at more than 60,000 locations nationwide. Checking accounts come with no fees or minimum balance requirements, and savings accounts offer 2.00% APY.
Pros:
Fee-free withdrawals at more than 60,000 ATMs
Secured credit card helps you build credit with no credit check
High rates on savings
Cons:
No in-person customer service
No cash deposit options
3. Bank of America
If you prefer national banks, why not go with one of the biggest? With more than 3,900 branches and 15,000 ATMs nationwide, Bank of America offers a level of convenience you won’t get with a local bank, especially if you travel outside the New England area. However, the rates on savings and interest-bearing checking aren’t competitive with some local, regional, and online banking providers.
Pros:
Nationwide network of branches and ATMs
Robust app with advanced security features
BankAmeriDeals offers cash back on select purchases
Cons:
Low rates on savings accounts
Inconsistent customer service
4. Bangor Savings Bank
One of the best banks in Maine for those who like community banks is Bangor Savings Bank, which has branches throughout Maine. In addition to checking and savings, you’ll also get mobile banking options and competitive rates on CDs.
Bangor Savings has also won J.D. Power’s award for customer satisfaction, making it one of the top banks in New England for customer service. Although Bangor Savings ATMs are limited to the area, third-party ATM fees will be reimbursed, including outside the U.S.
Pros:
Fees refunded at all ATMs worldwide
Checking account with no maintenance fees available
Award-winning customer service
Cons:
Low rates on savings and money market accounts
$25 minimum deposit to open
5. TD Bank
TD Bank is a regional bank with branches in Maine, as well as Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Vermont, Virginia, and Washington, D.C.
You’ll find 2,600 TD Bank ATMs across the region, but if you regularly travel, you’ll pay a $3 out-of-network ATM fee if you withdraw money.
Pros:
$200-$300 bonus for new checking account
Checking account has no maintenance fees with $100 minimum daily balance
Competitive rates on CDs
Cons:
Low rates on savings
Free ATMs limited to Eastern U.S.
6. GO2bank
Although there are no branches or ATMs, GO2bank has all the features to fit your banking needs, including mobile banking, withdrawals at thousands of ATMs nationwide, and cash deposits at more than 90,000 retailers. Like many online financial institutions, a bank account with GO2bank comes with competitive rates on savings. You’ll earn 4.50% APY on up to $5,000 of your balance.
Pros:
No monthly maintenance fee on checking accounts
7% cash back on gift card purchases
High rates on savings
Cons:
No in-person customer service
Direct deposit required to waive the $5 service fee
7. KeyBank
Another regional bank with branches in Maine is KeyBank. You’ll find ATMs across its 16-state coverage area, plus you’ll get the first two out-of-network transactions free each month. If you’re looking for a bank with a variety of customer service options, though, KeyBank is a great choice. Customers can choose from live chat, phone, or in-person service at a bank branch.
Pros:
Free checking account has no minimum balance requirement
Free ATM transactions, plus two free out-of-network transactions monthly
Automatic savings feature rounds up each purchase
Cons:
No branches or ATMs outside the 16-state service area
Low rates on savings
8. Northeast Bank
Northeast Bank is a community bank with branches throughout Maine. Although ATMs are limited, Northeast Bank will refund all fees at third-party ATMs. The PROPEL Free Checking account has no minimum balance requirements or monthly service charge, and CDs offer up to 4.85% APY. Although the standard savings account pays only 0.05% APY, PROPEL Plus pays 3.75% APY.
Pros:
Connect with a live banker with one click
Extended FDIC insurance available for higher balances
Competitive rates on CDs
Cons:
Limited branches
Low rates on savings
9. M&T Bank
Formerly People’s United Bank, M&T Bank has locations throughout the East Coast. You’ll find branches in 15 states, along with more than 1,600 ATMs from New York to Washington, D.C. M&T will also reimburse up to $2 in fees at any third-party ATM in the U.S.
Pros:
Variety of checking options, including a fee-free option
Fee-free access to 1,600 ATMs plus fee reimbursement at third-party locations
Competitive rates on CDs
Cons:
Overdraft fees higher than average
Low rates on savings
10. Machias Savings Bank
Machias Savings Bank is a local bank with 17 branches in Maine. Although Machias ATMs are limited, you’ll get up to $25 in third-party ATM fees refunded each month. The checking account requires $100 to open, but it comes with no monthly maintenance fees, and you’ll earn 5 cents on every debit card transaction.
Pros:
Rewards for debit card
Up to $25 in out-of-network ATM fees refunded monthly
Personalized customer service at local branches
Cons:
$100 minimum opening deposit for checking accounts
Low rates on savings, CDs, and money market accounts
11. Gorham Savings Bank
Gorham Savings Bank is one of the best banks in Maine if you like a local bank with online banking features. The checking accounts offer interest and rewards designed to motivate you to keep a higher balance. It’s not the best option if you’re looking to set money aside since the rates on its savings account and CDs are fairly low.
Pros:
Tiered checking customizes account features to your habits
Video tellers let you interact with bank representatives at ATMs
Out-of-network ATM fees reimbursed
Cons:
Limited branch distribution
Low rates on CDs and money market accounts
12. Partners Bank
Southern Maine residents looking for a small community banking experience should check out Partners Bank. The service area is limited to Southern Maine and New Hampshire, but you’ll get fee-free third-party ATM use with your Partners Bank Debit MasterCard. Small businesses also have a full suite of services, including fee-free business checking and a dedicated business MasterCard.
Pros:
Third-party ATM fee rebates available
Cash rewards on debit card purchases
Free business checking accounts
Cons:
Limited branches in Maine
Low rates on savings and money market accounts
Bottom Line
Most banks in Maine offer a suite of services that include deposit accounts, CDs, personal loans, mortgage loans, and other options. The above list can help you get a feel for the variety, but make sure you’re aware of the amenities that matter most to you before you make a final choice.
If you’ve been following the banking industry lately, you know the big news around recent bank failures, which has spurred concerns for consumers about whether their money is covered by insurance from the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. You may also have seen in the news that interest rates on accounts are high right now and that banks are offering more features and services — such as ATM fee reimbursement and two-day early direct deposit — to attract new customers.
The good news is that if you have $250,000 or less, then you’re covered by insurance — through the FDIC or the credit union equivalent, the National Credit Union Administration, or NCUA — without having to spread your cash around to multiple financial institutions. This insurance might come from your bank itself or, if you’re a customer at a neobank, your FDIC insurance may come from the bank that your institution partners with.
If you have more than $250,000, or if you just want to take advantage of high interest rates or other perks, you may want to consider opening accounts with multiple banks. Here are some of the pros, cons and considerations that come with that strategy.
What are the benefits of having accounts at multiple banks?
Besides the advantage of spreading out your accounts so you can have more FDIC insurance, which we’ll get to in a moment, there are other perks to having accounts open at multiple banks, namely that you can mix and match the best features of different institutions.
“I suggest using one bank for your checking and bill paying and then linking to one or more high-yield online savings accounts,” said Jeremy Keil, a Milwaukee-based financial advisor with Keil Financial Partners, via email. “That way you can shop around and get the highest interest [rate] but keep that link between banks for when you need to move from savings to checking or vice versa.”
For example, maybe you want a checking account at a bank that has ATM fee reimbursements or two-day early direct deposit, and you want to keep other cash at your locally owned credit union that has branches near you and high yields on its savings accounts or certificates of deposit. You could spread your money around and enjoy the best features that each institution has to offer. Another benefit to keeping savings and checking separate is that you may feel less tempted to dip into cash that is set aside for specific purposes, such as your emergency or vacation funds.
Is it bad to have multiple bank accounts at different banks?
The primary reason that it may be difficult to keep accounts open at multiple banks is that the more accounts you have, the harder it can be to keep track of their details and requirements.
“It can be tough to keep your beneficiaries and usernames straight, which are especially important if you die or become incapacitated,” Keil said.
There can be more costly downsides of juggling multiple accounts as well. Some banks have minimum balance, spending or direct deposit requirements on their accounts, and you could trigger a fee if you don’t meet those conditions.
Another consideration is that if you open a new account at a bank because you’re chasing high interest rates, that bank might not have those high rates forever.
“These rates are designed to drive new dollars into the bank that would typically not be there if there was not a special rate,” said Keith Dragisich, a community banking expert, via email. “It’s important for consumers to read the fine print of how these specials work.”
Essentially, if you’re planning to move your money around to different financial institutions regulary, you’ll need to make sure you’re on top of all the fine print.
Does FDIC insurance cover multiple accounts at the same bank?
Insurance from the FDIC and the NCUA typically covers up to $250,000 per depositor per ownership category, such as a single account, retirement account or trust account. Joint accounts are insured up to $250,000 per person, so if an account is co-owned by two people, the full amount could be covered up to $500,000.
What should I do if I want to insure more than $250,000?
There are several ways to insure more than the FDIC insurance limit of $250,000. Some ways you might consider are adding a joint account owner, opening an account that’s a different ownership category, opening a cash management account with a higher insurance limit or splitting your money among different banks.
Whether you want to better insure your money or simply want to cherry-pick the best features of different banks, opening accounts at multiple banks is a solution that could benefit you as long as you’re willing to manage the account upkeep.