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Portions of this article were drafted using an in-house natural language generation platform. The article was reviewed, fact-checked and edited by our editorial staff.
Key takeaways
- Portfolio loans are a type of mortgage that lenders originate and retain instead of selling on the secondary mortgage market.
- Portfolio loans offer more flexible underwriting standards and faster funding times than conventional loans, but often come with higher interest rates, closing costs and down payments.
- Borrowers who don’t qualify for traditional loans may be eligible for portfolio loans.
With most mortgages, the lender who originates the loan doesn’t actually hold onto it. Instead, it sells the mortgage on the secondary mortgage market, which helps free up capital so it can loan money to more borrowers. There are, however, some exceptions to the rule: loans that don’t wind up being bought and sold. These are called portfolio loans.
What is a portfolio loan?
A portfolio loan is a kind of mortgage that a lender originates and retains instead of offloading or selling on the secondary mortgage market. A portfolio loan stays in the lender’s portfolio, or “on the books,” for its full term.
Why does that matter? With a portfolio loan, the lender gets to set the standards — what kind of credit score it’ll approve and how much money it’ll offer to the borrower, for example. The lender does not have to adhere to the Federal Housing Finance Agency’s (FHFA) standards used by Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae, the government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) that back and buy most mortgage loans in the U.S.
How portfolio loans work
A portfolio loan has plenty in common with non-portfolio mortgages. You’re still going to apply to borrow a chunk of money, and a lender will assign you a risk level based on the likelihood that you’ll pay it back. That risk level helps determine the loan interest rate and other terms. If you agree to these terms and take out the mortgage, you’ll receive a lump sum that you agree to repay in monthly installments over a set time.
While the application process is largely the same, portfolio loans can offer faster access to financing, more flexible repayment terms and potentially higher loan amounts than other mortgage types.
How do portfolio loans differ from traditional mortgages?
It depends somewhat on how you define “traditional mortgage.” Like most mortgages that originate in the U.S., portfolio loans are conventional loans — that is, issued and funded by a private lender. However, they do vary from the most common types of conventional loans. Here’s how portfolio loans differ from other conventional loans:
- They are non-conforming loans. Most conventional loans — around 70 percent — are conforming loans. That means they follow the criteria set by the FHFA, which makes them eligible to be purchased by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Since portfolio loans don’t aim to be bought by the GSEs, they are often non-conforming, meaning they don’t necessarily meet the FHFA criteria.
- They are non-qualifying loans. Portfolio loans are also a type of non-qualifying loan (non-QM loan for short). Such loans differ from the norm in that they don’t adhere to the home loan standards set by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB). These standards mandate certain features mortgages may or may not have, and certain underwriting practices lenders must follow, to ensure borrowers can repay the debt.
- Eligibility requirements for portfolio loans are less strict. In general, portfolio loans offer more lenient underwriting standards for borrowers. As a result, portfolio loans may be more accessible for aspiring homeowners who are struggling to get approved for a mortgage.
- Portfolio loans often have higher interest rates and more fees. With more lenient standards can come higher interest rates, larger down payment requirements, bigger closing costs and additional fees. All this reflects the risk the portfolio mortgage lender is taking by keeping the loan on their books, and not selling — or being able to sell it — on the secondary mortgage market.
What are the expected interest rates, fees, and payment terms for portfolio loans?
In the case of portfolio loans, mortgage fees and closing costs are often a little higher than with traditional loans to compensate the lender for their added risk. Here’s what you can expect to pay:
- Interest rates: A portfolio loan usually comes with the same features as a traditional mortgage: a fixed interest rate over a 30-year term that reflects the financial profile and assessed creditworthiness of the borrower. But the interest rate is almost always greater than that of comparable government-backed or conventional loans, varying from 0.50 to 5 percent above market rates.
- Payment terms: Most portfolio loans offer similar repayment terms to traditional mortgages (15-year or 30-year repayment terms).
- Fees: Fees vary by lender, but often portfolio loans have higher fees than traditional mortgages. For example, an origination fee might be as high as 4 to 5 percent (in contrast, qualifying loan fees are capped at 3 percent). Points are negotiable, especially if you are the type of depositor they want as a customer
- Other costs: Additional costs, such as the down payment requirements may differ. A portfolio loan will typically require more upfront money than other types of mortgages — often at least 20 percent. In comparison, FHA loans allow down payments as low as 3.5 or 10 percent. You may also find higher fees for prepayment penalties, grace periods for missing payments and the right to assign a loan (that is, for the borrower to let someone else assume the mortgage).
Who is a portfolio loan best for?
Portfolio loans allow borrowers who don’t meet Fannie and Freddie’s conforming loan requirements the ability to still qualify for a loan. This borrower might be someone who doesn’t have earned income but does have significant assets; a real estate investor; a small business owner or a self-employed worker. Borrowers with high debt-to-income ratios (DTIs) or credit scores below 580 may still be eligible for portfolio loans, and those who have declared bankruptcy might qualify in a shorter time.
For example, North American Savings Bank‘s website features a portfolio loan that requires a 20 percent down payment (vs. 3 to 10 percent for conventional loans), a debt-to-income ratio of 48 percent (vs. the standard 43 percent for conforming/qualified loans), and two years of seasoning after bankruptcy (vs. four years for conventional loans).
Pros and cons of portfolio loans
There are benefits and drawbacks to portfolio lending to consider, including:
Pros
- Bigger loan options: Borrowers who need an outsized mortgage or other special terms might find more flexibility with a portfolio option.
- Flexible underwriting requirements: Borrowers who don’t have a stable earned income, holes in their credit histories or scores that don’t fit other standard criteria might qualify for a portfolio loan.
- More hands-on or personalized service: Many portfolio lenders are community banks with a connection to the area. That can mean better customer service or more willingness to find creative solutions.
Cons
- Potential for a much higher interest rate: Remember that with a portfolio loan, the lender is losing the chance to resell the debt in the secondary market. That’s an opportunity cost, and the lender might charge you a higher interest rate to make up for it.
- Bigger fees: The lender might also charge more or more onerous fees in exchange for its flexible underwriting and additional risk.
- Still some standards to meet: Sometimes, lenders still want the option to sell the portfolio loan down the line. In that case, you might have to meet many of the usual underwriting requirements imposed by Fannie and Freddie.
How to get a portfolio loan
Portfolio loans aren’t advertised outright; you won’t find a lender simply by comparing mortgage rates. Follow these steps to find a portfolio mortgage loan:
- Search for lenders: Check first with any banks you already have accounts at, personal or business, to see if they can give you a good deal for being an existing customer. You can also check with a local community bank or online lenders. You might need to work with a mortgage broker who can match your specific needs with a lender who specializes in, or at least offers, portfolio loans.
- Verify your lender: Predatory lenders often advertise portfolio and other kinds of non-traditional loans. Make sure any institution you deal with is an FDIC member and listed with the Nationwide Mortgage Licensing System (NMLS). You can also ask for blank copies of the mortgage documents the lender will use for your loan, and have a real estate attorney review it for any unusual features, charges or conditions.
- Make sure you qualify: Portfolio loans often have looser requirements for borrowers, but they still have eligibility requirements. Make sure you fit the criteria needed to get a portfolio mortgage. Lenders usually look at your credit score, job history, income and debt-to-income (DTI) ratio.
- Apply for a portfolio loan: Once you find a portfolio lending option, you’ll need to fill out an application, either online or in person. Gather all the necessary documents, such as pay stubs, personal identification, recent tax returns and W-2 forms.
- Wait for approval: Once you submit your application, the lender will review all your information to determine whether to approve you for the loan. If you are not approved, the lender must indicate why. Depending on the reason, you might be able to adjust your application for approval, like applying for a smaller loan amount.
Source: bankrate.com
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Mortgage rates fell to low levels during the pandemic, dropping below 3% as real estate prices soared. But subsequent issues with inflation ultimately caused the Federal Reserve to raise its benchmark interest rate, which led consumer interest rates to climb over time. In turn, today’s average 30-year mortgage rate is much higher than it was during the pandemic at 6.88% (as of April 1, 2024).
Meanwhile, home prices have continued to climb and issues with low inventory are still common in many markets. Against this backdrop, many prospective homebuyers are watching and waiting to see if mortgage rates fall, which could help make homebuying more affordable overall. But what do experts think could happen with mortgage rates this spring? Here’s what you should know.
Compare the best mortgage rates available to you today.
Will mortgage rates fall this spring? Here’s what the experts think.
Many experts expect that mortgage rates won’t experience many, if any, drops this spring. Rather, experts expect that rate cuts could happen in the second half of the year instead.
Why mortgage rates might not budge much this spring
While mortgage rates don’t exactly depend on the Fed’s rate decisions, the Fed does have a big influence on the direction they take. And until issues with persistent inflation show more signs of easing, mortgage rates might not drop much.
“While we’re all eager for mortgage rates to head south this spring, I’m inclined to think it’s unlikely, especially with the Federal Reserve maintaining its ‘hold and observe’ strategy for now,” says Matt Dunbar, SVP of Southeast Region at Churchill Mortgage. “Despite their recent communications regarding future rate cuts, expecting a substantial drop in mortgage rates in the short term might be overly optimistic.”
That said, mortgage rates could start to fall toward the end of the spring, given the Fed’s meeting schedule.
“I don’t expect mortgage rates to fall until around the June 12th Fed meeting. The Fed isn’t expected to cut rates during their May meeting, which means any real drop in interest rates would not happen until late spring/early summer at the earliest,” says Will Matheson, co-founder and managing partner at Matheson Capital.
Even then, the initial Fed rate cut is expected to be 25 basis points, so that might not have a dramatic effect on mortgage interest rates.
“I expect rates to start falling during the second half of this year, when the Fed is projected to start cutting rates. By the end of the year, I expect mortgage rates to be down by 0.75-1.00 percentage points,” says Matheson.
Explore your top mortgage loan options online now.
Expect ebbs and flows
Although the Fed isn’t expected to cut rates until at least June, mortgage rates could fluctuate up or down before then, based on the available data. However, buyers might not want to draw too many conclusions from these fluctuations.
“I don’t think mortgage rates are going to fall significantly this spring. Sure, we’ve seen some rates fall over the past few days, but mortgage rates tend to ebb and flow, and I don’t think we’re at a steady decline yet,” says Seamus Nally, CEO of TurboTenant.
“All signs point to rates dropping by the end of the year though, likely somewhere around 6%. Everyone is expecting the Federal Reserve to cut the benchmark interest rate in the latter half of the year, and once that happens, that is when I expect mortgage rates to start making a solid decline,” he adds.
Keep an eye on the data
While small fluctuations in mortgage rates might not indicate much, the mortgage market could get a head start before the Fed cuts interest rates. However, that depends on what data comes in.
“Based on incoming economic and CPI data, we could see some easing into the mid-to-low sixes, though surprises in data could potentially nudge rates in the opposite direction,” says Dunbar.
After the spring season ends, what happens with mortgage rates will again depend on how the economy’s doing and how the Fed interprets economic data.
“In the future, whether rates might drop depends largely on how the Federal Reserve perceives the economy’s progress toward its inflation and growth targets,” says Dunbar.
The bottom line
Overall, expert mortgage rate predictions typically don’t expect there to be much of a reduction in mortgage rates this spring, but perhaps a larger drop will happen later this year. But it’s worth noting that because much remains uncertain, it’s tough to get the market timing right. In turn, homebuyers might want to focus on getting the best deal on a home that fits their needs rather than trying to time the mortgage market. And if you do decide to buy a home now, there may be ways to get a lower mortgage rate, such as improving your credit score, putting down a larger down payment or getting seller concessions.
Source: cbsnews.com
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Rep. Scott Fitzgerald (R-Wis.) has introduced a bill to the U.S. House of Representatives that would codify the “tri-merge” credit model into law, a rebuke to the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA)’s recent efforts to transition to a “bi-merge” model that would require only two credit reports to be pulled instead of three.
This is according to an official log of the proposed bill, designated as House Resolution (HR) 7857 and which Fitzgerald is calling the “Accurate Credit Reporting for Homebuyers Act.”
The bill is designed to “require the director of the [FHFA] to issue a rule to condition the purchase of a residential mortgage loan on the delivery of credit reports and credit scores from each consumer reporting agency that compiles and maintains files on consumers on a nationwide basis,” the official description reads.
Since there are currently three credit reporting agencies that offer such information, this would effectively codify the current process if passed into law.
“President Biden’s financial regulators seem to rely more on ideology than facts and data, and the FHFA’s proposal to shift from tri-merge to bi-merge credit reporting requirement is just the latest example,” said Rep. Fitzgerald in a statement. “The FHFA’s proposal could be the obstacle that keeps borrowers from obtaining a mortgage if they have lower FICO scores but are otherwise credit-worthy.”
Shortly after being introduced to the House, it was referred to the House Financial Services Committee for further deliberation, according to the official congressional log.
TransUnion, one of the major credit reporting agencies, has come out in support of the measure according to a statement shared with HousingWire.
“This legislation reflects growing recognition that the current tri-merge credit reporting system provides consumers with the most access to mortgages, while preserving the safety and soundness of the mortgage ecosystem,” said Allison Shuster, head of U.S. government relations at TransUnion.
The current version of the bill is only supported by one side of the aisle, with Republican Reps. Daniel Meuser (Penn.) and Alexander Mooney (W.V.) listed as co-sponsors. At a hearing last year discussing the proposal, lawmakers from both parties questioned FHFA Director Sandra Thompson on the viability of such a model in meeting consumers’ needs.
“We believe after analysis that moving from three credit scores to two is going to be beneficial for the borrowers, and it will encourage competition from the credit reporting agencies,” Thompson said during the hearing. “And it would lower costs for the borrowers because instead of three credit reports, they only pull two, and then the lender picks which two those are. Right now, we’re working through the process with the GSEs on trying to figure out whether or not there is going to be the median or the average.”
Late last year, FHFA announced that the move to a bi-merge system from a tri-merge system had been pushed back, and subsequently announced last month that the transition is now scheduled to occur in late 2025.
A bill codifying the tri-merge system would conceivably halt that process, but Congress is very narrowly divided. The House Republican majority currently only has a one seat advantage over Democrats in the chamber should they remain united on voting for a particular bill.
This could complicate the path to passage in the House, to say nothing of overcoming a Democratic majority in the Senate and a Democratic president in the months before hotly-contested elections for both Congress and the White House this fall.
Related
Source: housingwire.com
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Buying a home can be exciting, exhausting and, no matter how smoothly the process may go, one of the most stressful things you can do in life. Not having enough money to adequately finance a purchase makes it all the more daunting. Fortunately, there are first-time homebuyer programs available in every state, making it easier for many people to access the resources they need to buy their new home, and to feel more secure through the whole process.
Keep in mind that first-time homebuyers don’t actually have to be buying their first home. A first-time homebuyer is defined as anyone who hasn’t had an ownership interest in a primary home in the past three years.
The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) also includes in its list of qualified homebuyers:
• A single parent who has only owned a home with a partner while married
• A displaced homemaker who has only owned a home with a spouse
• Someone who has owned a principal residence not permanently affixed to a permanent foundation
• Someone who has only owned a property that wasn’t in compliance with state, local, or model building codes
Here are the homebuyer programs that qualified first-time buyers have available to them in the Northeast:
Maine
Thinking of buying a home in the land of lobster and lighthouses? You’ll want to learn about the market and assess your financial situation before you start searching for a home mortgage loan. (A guide to the different types of mortgage loans can help.)
The scoop on the Main market: Prices in the Pine Tree State were up 5.7% in February 2024 when compared to the prior year, with homes selling for a median of $360,200, according to Redfin. The three most competitive cities for homebuyers were Standish, South Berwich, and Gray.
💡 Learn about Maine first-time homebuyer programs
New Hampshire
The housing market in the Granite State is hot. From February 2023 to February 2024, home prices rose 12.5% to an average sale price of $447,400, according to Redfin. And 41.8% of the homes sold above their list price. Still, there are good opportunities for the first-time buyer in the state, and there are first-time homebuyer assistance programs to help you reach your homeowning goal.
💡 Learn about New Hampshire first-time homebuyer programs
Vermont
The Green Mountain State is paradise for outdoorsy types with forests, lakes, and mountains. No wonder then that the housing market has heated up: The number of homes sold increased 14.2% between February 2023 and 2024. Prices were up 6.5% as well, according to Redfin.
Homebuyers may need help to afford a home with the median price here hitting $361,300. Fortunately, the state has several programs to offer.
💡 Learn about Vermont first-time homebuyer programs
Massachusetts
Glorious New England scenery, a rich history, and diverse cultural and educational opportunities are just some of the things Massachusetts has to offer residents. It’s no wonder that home prices here outpace the national average, or that they are rising. Prices in Massachusetts were up 9.9% in the year ending February 2024, Redfin reports. The median sale price in the state is now $576,900.
At the same time, the median number of days a home stays on the market has dropped by 5 year-over-year, an indicator that the market is warming. Still, there are plenty of opportunities for the first-time homebuyer in Massachusetts.
💡 Learn about Massachusetts first-time homebuyer programs
Rhode Island
This small state is big on charm: Rhode Island’s miles of coastline offer beautiful beaches and picturesque inlets, and you’ll also find dynamic cities and rural small towns here. There’s a lot for the first-time homebuyer in Rhode Island to get excited about. But prices here are well above the national average of $342,941. The average property value is $438,711, up 8.3% year over year, according to Zillow. Wondering what a down payment would look like on a given property price? Use a mortgage down payment calculator to do the math.
💡 Learn about Rhode Island first-time homebuyer programs
Connecticut
You’re looking at a competitive market in the Constitution State: In February 2024, home prices in Connecticut were up 13.2% year-over-year. The median price of a Nutmeg State home is $375,300, according to Redfin, and the number of days a property stays on the market is declining. Fortunately you can still find affordable homes in Torrington and New Britain, among other affordable places in Connecticut.
💡 Learn about Connecticut first-time homebuyer programs
New York
The housing market in New York state can be challenging, especially for first-time buyers. Home prices in the Empire State in January 2024 were up 6.3% over the prior year, with a median sale price of $518,800. The number of days on the market dropped as well. A stunning 37% of homes sold above their listing price.
💡 Learn about New York first-time homebuyer programs
New Jersey
The Garden State saw record real estate sales in some areas in recent years as city dwellers fled to the suburbs. In the year ending February 2024, home prices in New Jersey were up 14.5% over the prior year, and the median sales price was $479,100. The median days on the market dropped 15 year-over-year to 46. Buyers in New Jersey need to prepare themselves to compete in this market.
💡 Learn about New Jersey first-time homebuyer programs
Pennsylvania
Thinking of buying a home in Pennsylvania? Prices rose 6.6% from January 2023 to January 2024, to a median of $264,700, Redfin reported. It’s a seller’s market here, so you may have to compete to get the home you want, especially in cities like New Castle (home prices were up more than 31% in a year) and Mechanicsburg (up 55.5%). Harrisburg and Lancaster ranked as some of the best affordable places to live in Pennsylvania.
💡 Learn about Pennsylvania first-time homebuyer programs
The Takeaway
Qualifying first-time homebuyers have many options available to them in the Northeast, including down payment assistance. If you’re looking to buy your first home and aren’t sure how to get started, researching homebuyer programs is a great place to start. Once you know what kind of assistance you may qualify for, it’s a good idea to estimate just how much house you can really afford using a home affordability calculator.
Looking for an affordable option for a home mortgage loan? SoFi can help: We offer low down payments (as little as 3% – 5%*) with our competitive and flexible home mortgage loans. Plus, applying is extra convenient: It’s online, with access to one-on-one help.
SoFi Mortgages: simple, smart, and so affordable.
*SoFi requires Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) for conforming home loans with a loan-to-value (LTV) ratio greater than 80%. As little as 3% down payments are for qualifying first-time homebuyers only. 5% minimum applies to other borrowers. Other loan types may require different fees or insurance (e.g., VA funding fee, FHA Mortgage Insurance Premiums, etc.). Loan requirements may vary depending on your down payment amount, and minimum down payment varies by loan type.
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SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.
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Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.
External Websites: The information and analysis provided through hyperlinks to third-party websites, while believed to be accurate, cannot be guaranteed by SoFi. Links are provided for informational purposes and should not be viewed as an endorsement.
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Source: sofi.com
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HOUSTON, April 4, 2024 /PRNewswire/ — Cornerstone Home Lending, a division of Cornerstone Capital Bank (“Cornerstone”) and a leading provider of home financing solutions, proudly announces the appointment of Michael A. Iorio as Senior Vice President of Strategic Partnerships. In his new role, Mike will spearhead the expansion of Cornerstone’s Homebuilder Partnership business across targeted builder accounts nationwide, with a focus on cultivating new relationships and enhancing service offerings.
Mike brings to Cornerstone over 25 years of industry expertise, particularly in the areas of ABA partnerships. Prior to joining Cornerstone, Mike served in various leadership capacities, where he oversaw sales initiatives and optimized business relationships for numerous ABA/JV entities, while also contributing to the board of directors for many of those organizations.
Mike’s academic background includes a Bachelor of Business Administration from the University of Notre Dame and an MBA from Northwestern’s Kellogg Graduate School of Management.
“We are thrilled to welcome Mike to the Cornerstone family,” said Adam Laird, CEO of Cornerstone Home Lending. “His proven track record of success and deep industry knowledge will be invaluable as we continue to expand our homebuilder platforms and create new opportunities for both Cornerstone and our dedicated team members.”
About Cornerstone:
Created by Cornerstone Home Lending’s acquisition of and merger with The Roscoe State Bank, Houston-based Cornerstone Capital Bank (“Cornerstone”) has a combined operating history dating back to 1906, with mortgage banking, mortgage loan servicing, commercial banking, and institutional banking divisions. Its nationally recognized residential mortgage lending team, which continues to operate as Cornerstone Home Lending, has assisted families with more than 500,000 home financing loans since its inception in 1988. In addition to residential mortgage lending, Cornerstone Home Lending provides full-service, in-house mortgage loan servicing operations under the name Cornerstone Servicing, which combines a superior record of customer care with top-tier technologies. Cornerstone’s 1,500 team members across the country are guided by a core Mission, Vision, and Convictions statement. Visit www.houseloan.com, www.cornerstonecapital.com, www.rsb.bank and www.cornerstoneservicing.com to learn more.
For media inquiries, please contact:
Chey Loraine-Gerz
VP of Brand & Marketing Strategy
Email: [email protected]
Phone: 480-631-4705
SOURCE Cornerstone Home Lending
Source: prnewswire.com
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*Rates and APYs are subject to change. All information provided here is accurate as of March 28, 2024.
Our writers and editors have invested thousands of hours analyzing and vetting lenders offering VA loans. Through exhaustive research, we’ve come up with a list of the best VA mortgage lenders for military members and their families, including Navy Federal, Rocket Mortgage and Veterans United. Read on for our Best VA loan lender reviews and a comprehensive lending guide on how to find and apply for a VA loan.
Money’s Main Takeaways
- VA loans are one of the main benefits the federal government offers to retired and active-duty members of the military
- Borrowers can qualify for a VA loan with a lower credit score and 0% down payment compared to conventional loans
- There is no private mortgage insurance, but borrowers will be required to pay a funding fee
- VA loans offer competitive interest rates compared to other loan options
Our Top Picks for Best VA Loan Lenders of April 2024
Best VA Loan Lenders Reviews
- Lowest fees on our list
- Non-VA mortgage options that require no down payment
- 356 branches worldwide
- No lender fees
- Small number of branches within the U.S.
- Membership strictly limited to military members, spouses, family members, veterans and the Department of Defense
- Customized rates only offered to members
HIGHLIGHTS
- Sample rate
- 5.750% (6.223% APR) on a 30-year fixed-rate purchase loan of $300,000
- Minimum credit score
- Unstated, VA recommendation of 620 is suggested
- Minimum down payment
- 0% for qualifying borrowers
- Availability
- Continental U.S.
- Pre-approval time
- Approximately 3 business days
- Mobile app
- Yes
- NMLS ID
- 399807
Why we chose it: A combination of low lender fees, several loan assistance programs and a wide selection of mortgage loans make Navy Federal Credit Union our best VA loan lender overall.
Navy Federal Credit Union offers military families low rates on financial products, such as personal loans, auto loans and credit cards. The credit union’s VA home loan program features a fast pre-approval process and loan options with no down payment. No PMI is required, either. Navy Fed also recently introduced its no-refi rate drop, where you could qualify for an interest rate reduction without going through the refinancing process.
Additionally, Navy Federal’s Shop & Lock feature allows you to lock in your rate for up to 60 days while you shop for a home, plus an additional 60-day lock once you’ve submitted a purchase agreement. Other perks include up to $9,000 cash back for working with a real estate agent at RealtyPlus, the credit union’s real estate service and a rate match guarantee where Navy Federal will match a better rate offered by another lender or give you $1,000 if all qualifying conditions are met.
Membership is required to use Navy Federal’s services. All active duty, retired and veteran service members of all armed forces branches — plus their families, immediate relatives and some household members — are eligible. Membership is also open to Department of Defense civilian personnel. To become a member, you simply open a savings account with a minimum of $5.
- Access to your loan information is available 24/7 with the proprietary mobile app
- Credit scores as low as 580 accepted
- Debt-to-income ratios as high as 60% accepted
- No HELOCs offered
- No USDA loans offered
- No physical locations for in-person service
HIGHLIGHTS
- Sample rate
- 5.99% (6.429% APR) with 2.125 points purchased ($5,843.75) on a purchase loan of $275,000
- Minimum credit score
- 580
- Minimum down payment
- 0% for qualifying borrowers
- Availability
- All 50 U.S. states
- Pre-approval time
- 10-15 minutes
- Mobile app
- Yes
- NMLS ID
- 3030
Why we chose it: Rocket Mortgage’s (formerly Quicken Loans) fully online application and closing process, along with its multiple tools for keeping track of your in-process and existing loans make it our pick for best online VA loan lender.
Rocket Mortgage is an online lender that stands out for its relatively seamless online mortgage application process. While the experience may vary depending on each borrower’s situation, Rocket Mortgage’s website and mobile app allow you to submit all of your paperwork digitally and track every step of your loan’s processing.
While you have the option of speaking with a live representative, you can also communicate with Rocket Mortgage through online or mobile messaging.
Although Rocket Mortgage doesn’t have the broadest loan offering, it does work with all the major VA loans (purchase, refinance, IRRRL) and considers credit scores as low as 580 and debt-to-income ratios as high as 60%. Borrowers buying a home through Rocket Homes and financing through Rocket Mortgage could get a 1.25% closing credit, up to a maximum of $10,000.
For more detailed information, read our full review of Rocket Mortgage (Quicken Loans).
- Broader selection of veteran-focused loans than competitors
- Offers real estate services for veterans
- Customer support is available 24/7
- No HELOC products offered
- Only 26 affiliate branches across 17 states
HIGHLIGHTS
- Sample rate
- 5.875% (6.307% APR) with 1.5630 points purchased ($4,610.85) on a 30-year fixed-rate purchase loan of $295,000
- Minimum credit score
- 600
- Minimum down payment
- $0 for qualifying borrowers
- Availability
- All U.S. states
- Pre-approval time
- Not stated
- Mobile app
- Yes
- NMLS ID
- 1907
Why we chose it: Veterans United offers more veteran-focused mortgage options than the standard purchase, refinance and streamline products, making it our choice for best VA loan lender for VA loan variety.
Veterans United guarantees more loans than any other VA-approved lender, according to The Department of Veterans Affairs. The VA compiles a list each month of the top lenders, and Veterans United Home Loans hasn’t budged from its number-one spot in more than six months.
In addition to its reasonable qualifying credit score and income requirements, Veterans United offers a wide variety of loan types: purchase, refinance, IRRRL (streamline) VA loans, Jumbo VA loans, VA energy-efficient mortgages and VA cash-out refinance loans.
Jumbo VA loans can be a good option for veterans who no longer have their full VA entitlement, which means that their VA loans have a limit placed on the total amount borrowed (unlike veterans with full entitlement). Energy-efficient mortgages are not common to VA loans and are a good option for anyone looking to add energy-efficient improvements to their new home.
- Second-lowest fees of any lender we’ve reviewed
- Loan amounts up to $1 million
- No PMI insurance required
- Alternative or non-traditional credit and income data not considered for loan applications
- Funding fee required
HIGHLIGHTS
- Sample rate
- 5.75% (6.024% APR) with 1.125 points purchased on a 30-year fixed-rate purchase loan of $450,000
- Minimum credit score
- 620
- Minimum down payment
- 0% for qualifying borrowers
- Availability
- All U.S. states
- Pre-approval time
- Within three business days
- Mobile app
- Yes
- NMLS ID
- 401822
Why we chose it: PenFed currently offers the lowest mortgage rate for a 30-year fixed-rate loan, which makes it our pick for the best VA loan lender for competitive rates.
When it comes to VA loans and mortgages, PenFed Credit Union stands out for offering some of the lowest rates across the board on conventional, FHA, VA, Jumbo and adjustable-rate mortgages. Eligible borrowers may qualify for zero down payment. Additionally, PenFed doesn’t require borrowers to acquire private mortgage insurance (PMI).
You must be a member of PenFed to use PenFed’s VA loan services, but joining is an easy process: Simply open a savings account at the credit union with a minimum of $5.
For more detailed information, read our full review of Penfed.
- Accepts credit scores as low as 600
- Variety of mortgage products available
- Self-employment and nontraditional income accepted
- Physical branches only in Missouri
- Other fees apply
HIGHLIGHTS
- Sample rate
- 6.625% (6.864% APR) on a 15-year fixed-rate purchase loan of $300,000
- Minimum credit score
- 600
- Minimum down payment
- 0% for qualifying borrowers
- Availability
- All U.S. states
- Pre-approval time
- Not stated
- Mobile app
- Yes
- NMLS ID
- 400039
Why we chose it: North American Savings Bank is dedicated to servicing customers in the Kansas City, MO area, but it extends its mortgage services to individuals all over the U.S. Notably, NASB works with borrowers with credit scores as low as 600, lower than what other many lenders allow.
No origination fees are charged on VA loans from NASB, but a VA loan funding fee may be required. Many loans don’t require a down payment, either. NASB offers a loan payment calculator on its site where borrowers can see potential VA home loan rate scenarios.
In addition to standard VA loan products (purchase, IRRRL, cash-out refinance), North American Savings Bank offers the widest variety of mortgage options for individuals who are unable to provide “traditional” credit and income data, such as people who are self-employed.
- VA Cash-out refinance, IRRRL and Jumbo IRRRL available
- Discounts for bundling services (e.g. home and auto insurance)
- Variety of discounts through USAA Perks (car rental, travel, shopping)
- Requires membership in USAA
- No home equity loans or lines of credit
HIGHLIGHTS
- Sample rate
- 6.125% (6.447% APR) with 0.801 points purchased for a fixed-rate purchase loan and 5.875% (6.196% APR) with 0.933 points purchased for a VA Jumbo purchase loan
- Minimum credit score
- 620
- Minimum down payment
- 0% for qualifying borrowers
- Availability
- All U.S. states
- Pre-approval time
- Not disclosed
- Mobile app
- Yes
- NMLS ID
- 401058
Why we chose it: For those looking to refinance their existing VA loan, USAA offers all of the possible options with competitive rates and terms.
USAA stands out as a VA loan refinance leader for offering all the available options: VA Interest Rate Reduction Refinance Loans (IRRRL), VA Jumbo Interest Rate Reduction Loans, VA Cash-Out Refinance Loans and Jumbo VA Cash-Out Refinance Loans. With either cash-out refinance, you can refinance up to 90% of your home’s value. With IRRRLs, you can refinance up to 100%.
However, rates at USAA aren’t the lowest among the lenders in our top picks. Still, the company’s rates are within the typical range for the market and the option to finance your VA funding fee into your total loan amount is available with all four refinance types.
USAA offers additional financial products and services, such as insurance, banking and investing. All of its products are available only to members. Military members, veterans, their spouses, children, and pre-commissioned officers are eligible.
Members also get discounts for bundling (e.g. home and auto insurance) as well as discounts on car rentals, travel packages, home security, moving services, select retailers and more.
*USAA does not disclose the credit score, loan amount or down payment of its advertised rates. To get a better estimate of your potential monthly payment, use the USAA VA Home Loan Mortgage Payment Calculator.
- Allows you to compare multiple mortgage lenders’ rates at the same time
- Over 1,500 partnered lenders in its network
- Offers credit monitoring tools
- Limited contact options
- Customer support does not address issues with the lender of your choice
- Does not service loans
HIGHLIGHTS
- Minimum credit score
- Varies by lender
- Minimum down payment
- Varies by lender
- Availability
- Varies by lender
- Pre-approval time
- Varies by lender
- Mobile app
- Yes
- NMLS ID
- 1136
Why we chose it: LendingTree is an online marketplace that allows you to compare rates on multiple products, from mortgages to personal loans and even credit cards, making it our pick for the best marketplace for comparing VA loan rates.
LendingTree stands out from its competition due to its more than 1,500 partnered mortgage lenders and easy-to-use mobile app.
Borrowers can request multiple quotes (up to three at the same time), which include projected rates and closing costs all in one place. It is also free to use and doesn’t impact your credit score.
The only notable downside to LendingTree’s services is that the company is not a loan servicer or originator, meaning that its customer support will not handle most issues that may come up during your loan process.
LendingTree does not provide sample rates for VA loans specifically. However, you can use the online marketplace’s mortgage comparison tool to check potential rates.
For more details read our full review of Lending Tree.
- Minimum credit score is 580
- “I CAN” loan offers customizable loan terms
- Buydown option to lower interest rate for first 1-3 years
- No interest rate or APR info publicly available
- Must enter contact info to get rate estimates
HIGHLIGHTS
- Sample rate
- 6.250% (6.563% APR) with 3 points purchased on a 30-year fixed-rate for a purchase loan of $726,200
- Minimum credit score
- 580
- Minimum down payment
- 0% for qualifying borrowers
- Availability
- All 50 U.S. states
- Pre-approval time
- Within 24 hours
- Mobile app
- Yes
- NMLS ID
- 6606
Why we chose it: New American Funding is our top pick for low credit score requirements for VA loans. While its 580 minimum credit score requirement is not unique on the list, it has a vast selection of mortgage loans. Beyond the VA Purchase Loan, there’s also a VA Native American Direct Loan, VA Energy Efficient Mortgage, VA Streamline Refinance Loan and VA Cash-Out Refinance.
Notably, it offers what NAF refers to as an “I CAN” loan, which allows you to choose a custom fixed loan term between eight and 30 years. It also offers a “buydown mortgage” option for VA loans, which allows borrowers to reduce the interest rate on their mortgage for the first one to three years of their loan.
To get a quote, you must contact a representative online or by phone, which requires providing personal information — first and last name, email address and phone number.
For more detailed information, read our full review of New American Funding.
- Over 400 branches across 48 states
- Accepts credit scores as low as 580
- Offer specialized mortgages for physicians
- No branches in Alaska or West Virginia
- Rates not disclosed unless you call or submit an online form requesting a callback
- Phone customer service hours (M-F, 8:30 am-5 pm CST) may be too restrictive for some
HIGHLIGHTS
- Sample rate
- Unavailable
- Minimum credit score
- 580
- Minimum down payment
- 0% for qualifying borrowers
- Availability
- Licensed in all 50 U.S. states; in-person service available in ll U.S. states except Alaska and West Virginia
- Pre-approval time
- Undisclosed
- Mobile app
- Yes
- NMLS ID
- 2289
Why we chose it: Fairway Independent Mortgage’s presence in 48 out of 50 U.S. states makes it our top pick for in-person mortgage loan servicing.
Fairway Independent Mortgage is notable for its many branches across all but two U.S. states (Alaska and West Virginia), making it an ideal choice for individuals who prefer in-person service. The company offers VA mortgage loans with 100% financing if you have full VA entitlement.
A down payment will be required if you don’t have full VA entitlement or the loan exceeds the VA county limits. Like other VA loan lenders, Fairway Independent Mortgage also considers factors such as credit score and income when determining loan terms.
Fairway also offers a broad range of mortgage products which can be helpful for those who are unable to qualify for a VA loan. Among these loan products are specialized physician loans aimed at medical professionals still working through repaying their student loans.
For more detailed information, read our full review of Fairway Independent.
Other VA loan lenders we considered
While there are many mortgage lenders with outstanding products and features, they don’t necessarily have everything that could make them one of our top picks.
We reviewed the following lenders, and while they meet some of our criteria for “Best VA home loan lenders” (low rates, VA loan experience, good customer service), they ultimately didn’t make the cut.
Freedom Mortgage
- 550 credit score minimum is the lowest on our list
- Fully online loan process
- Variety of calculators and educational resources on their site
- Rates are only provided by calling for an estimate or signing up for online alerts
- High number of CFPB complaints
- Does not offer HELOCs
Why Freedom Mortgage didn’t make the cut: The lender has over 2,800 complaints lodged with the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau since March 2021. The Better Business Bureau has received over 1,200 complaints about the lender in the last three years and its accreditation was revoked.
Freedom Mortgage is a fully online lender that offers standard mortgage products such as conventional purchase and refinance loans, FHA, VA and USDA loans. What makes it stand out is its credit score requirement of 550 for VA loans, which is the lowest of any lender we considered.
Veterans First
- Fully online loan process, helpful for military members deployed overseas
- Educational resources
- Specializes in VA loans
- Higher credit score requirements than any lenders we’ve reviewed (mid-600s)
- Offers no home equity loans
- No rate information on its website
Why Veterans First didn’t make the cut: The higher-than-average credit score requirement (mid-600s) was a deciding factor in keeping it out of our top list.
Thanks to its fully online mortgage process, Veterans First (NMLS ID 449042) is a great choice for military members deployed overseas. Its focus on VA loans also means that the company is better prepared to attend to the specific needs of military members and veterans during the mortgage process.
Paramount Bank
- Origination fees waived for VA loans
- No prepayment penalties for VA loans
- No fee or rate information on its website
- No information on loan requirements on its website (minimum credit score, DTI, etc.)
Why Paramount Bank didn’t make the cut: Its general lack of upfront information about rates, fees and credit score requirements kept it out of our top lenders.
Paramount Bank (NMLS ID 551907) waives the lender’s origination fee ($1095) on all of its VA loans, making it an option worth considering. There are no prepayment penalties, either.
Flagstar Bank
- Considers credit scores as low as 580 for VA loans
- Collaborates with down payment assistance and other special mortgage programs
- Large selection of mortgage products for those who don’t qualify for a VA loan
- Branches located in only 28 states
- $75 annual fee for home equity line of credit (HELOC) loans
- High number of complaints with CFPB in the last three years (1,000+)
Why Flagstar Bank didn’t make the cut: Flagstar’s lack of branches in almost half of the U.S. and limited rate and fee information on its website kept it out of our top picks. For more details, read our full review of Flagstar Bank.
Flagstar Bank (NMLS ID 417490) is a notable mortgage lender thanks to its wide variety of mortgage loans offered and its collaboration with several special mortgage programs such as down payment assistance and home loan grants.
PNC
- Mortgage rate calculator allows for scenarios with credit scores as low as 620
- Individuals with credit scores under 620 may be offered alternative loan options
- Mortgage rates are only slightly above average (~0.2%)
- Relatively small selection of loan products
- No specialized VA loans
- Contact information and branch locations are not easy to locate
Why PNC didn’t make the cut: While full details aren’t available without speaking to an agent, PNC’s rate calculator shows rates slightly higher than many of our top picks.
PNC (NMLS ID 446303) has a standard offering of mortgage products, including conventional, FHA, VA, refinance and HELOC loans. PNC only offers a partially online loan application process. You can perform a digital income and asset verification, but you must speak with a loan officer to go over your loan details.
LoanDepot
- Strong focus on digital mortgage processing allows a fully online mortgage experience
- Over 200 affiliate branches nationwide
- Credit score minimums and loan eligibility criteria are not disclosed upfront
- Relatively small loan offering
- No HELOCs offered
Why LoanDepot didn’t make the cut: Its website doesn’t disclose credit score and other loan eligibility requirements. For more details, read our full review of LoanDepot.
LoanDepot (NMLS ID 174457) is a primarily online mortgage loan lender with several affiliate branches across the U.S. Its loan products include conventional purchase mortgages, FHA, VA, ARM (adjustable-rate) and 203k (FHA home renovation) loans. LoanDepot’s digital income and assets verification tools can significantly speed up the loan approval process in some cases.
Guild Mortgage
- Broad mortgage loan offering, including energy-efficient home mortgages
- Accepts down payment assistance programs
- Services its own loans
- Rates are only disclosed after reaching out to Guild
- No branches in IN, KY, MI, MN, MS, NY, or WV
Why Guild Mortgage didn’t make the cut: No rate information is publicly available; you must contact Guild for details. For more information, read our full review of Guild Mortgage.
Guild Mortgage (NMLS ID 3274) offers a variety of mortgage options beyond VA loans, including bridge mortgages that can help you sell your current home while shopping for a new one and energy-efficient mortgages.
Guild is also a good choice for people who prefer in-person service, since they have branches in all but seven U.S. states. Notably, Guild services its loans, which is something that not all mortgage loan originators do.
Guaranteed Rate
- Housing market research tool available
- Home valuation tool available
- Credit scores as low as 580 accepted for VA loans
- Conventional mortgage rates are higher than average (around 0.7% higher)
- Limited offering of VA loan products
Why Guaranteed Rate didn’t make the cut: Its VA loan product offerings are limited.
Guaranteed Rate (NMLS ID 2611) is a mortgage lender that allows borrowers to fully process their loan applications online, from start to finish. Individuals who prefer in-person service can also go to one of its 500+ locations across 46 states.
Movement Mortgage
- Offers several high-balance mortgage products (jumbo loans)
- Considers credit scores as low as 580 for VA loans
- Down payment assistance options available
- Streamlined underwriting process that can close loans in as little as a week
- Mortgage rates can only be obtained after contacting Movement
- No 24/7 customer service
- No physical locations
Why Movement Mortgage didn’t make the cut: Rate information isn’t publicly available to potential borrowers; you must contact the company for details. For more information, read our full review of Movement Mortgage.
Movement Mortgage (NMLS ID 39179) is an online mortgage lender that claims to be able to fully close on a loan in under two weeks, though these results will depend on each borrower’s situation. Notably, Movement considers credit scores as low as 580 for VA loan applications, well under the VA’s suggested 620.
Besides its VA loan products, Movement also has several down payment assistance and high-balance mortgage options, which are helpful for individuals looking to purchase in high cost-of-living areas.
NBKC Bank
- Provides nationwide mortgage service, despite being a regional bank
- Mortgage rate calculator allows credit scores in the 300s
- Offer specialized mortgages for pilots
- Only four branches split between Kansas and Missouri
- Mortgage rates can be as much as 1.5% higher than our top picks
- Mortgage rate calculator is not easy to access
Why NBKC Bank didn’t make the cut: Its VA loan rates are a bit higher than those of our top picks. For more details, read our full review of NBKC.
NBKC Bank (NMLS ID 409631) is a Kansas/Missouri regional bank that extends its mortgage services nationwide. While its loan offerings are standard (conventional, FHA, VA), it offers specialty home loans for pilots.
Notably, it is one of the few lenders that allows customers to obtain mortgage rates for credit scores under 500, although you’re not guaranteed results below that threshold. Its mortgage rates are also considerably higher than average (up to 1.5% higher).
VA Loans Guide
A VA loan is a home loan issued by private lenders and backed by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). Read on to learn more about VA home loans, their pros and cons, the associated costs and how to apply.
How does a VA loan work?
VA loans are one of the main benefits the government provides to active duty and retired members of the armed forces. Eligibility will depend on the borrower’s years of service. There are also property requirements that must be met. Read more on VA loans to find full details and see how a VA loan can help you achieve your homeownership goal.
Beyond military service requirements, some VA loan lenders require specific standards of creditworthiness. These details will vary by lender, but can include a credit score of 620 or higher and a debt-to-income ratio of 41% or less. (You can calculate your specific percentage using our debt-to-income ratio calculator.)
VA loans offer two big advantages for qualifying homebuyers. There is no required down payment, and the mortgage rates tend to be lower than those on conventional mortgages or FHA loans. Both of these features make a VA loan a more affordable financing option, especially for first-time homebuyers.
The VA no longer places maximum loan limits, but your VA mortgage lender might. In most U.S. counties, the maximum loan amount for 2024 is $766,550, but it can be as high as $1,149,825 in more expensive areas. Jumbo loans will have a higher limit.
Types of VA loans
The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs offers four different types of mortgages — VA purchase loan, interest rate reduction refinance loan (IRRRLs), cash-out refinance loan, and Native American direct loan — each with its own set of requirements and limitations. Evaluate all loan options before deciding which best VA mortgage lender suits your needs.
Purchase loan
Purchase loans are used to finance the buying of a primary residence, make energy-efficient upgrades to an existing home or buy property to build a house. They cannot be used to buy investment properties, vacation homes, rental properties or fixer-uppers in need of significant repairs.
To learn more, read our guide on VA purchase loans.
Interest Rate Reduction Refinance Loan (IRRRL)
Designed to refinance an existing VA mortgage, a streamlined refinance can get you a lower interest rate, reduce the loan term, or go from a variable-rate to a fixed-rate mortgage.
Cash-out refinance loan
A VA cash-out refinance allows you to access the equity you’ve built up in your home by applying for a new mortgage with a higher balance. The proceeds of the new loan will pay off your old mortgage and you’ll receive the excess amount in the form of a lump sum payment.
Learn more about how to tap into your home equity with a VA cash-out refinance or read our guide on on how to refinance a VA loan to get more information on refinancing.
Native American Direct Loan (NADL)
NADL is the only VA loan managed and funded directly by the government entity. Veterans who are Native American (or whose spouses are Native American) are eligible for this loan. Borrowers can use this loan to buy, build, or improve a home on federal trust land.
As of this writing, there is no limit to the amount of money that can be borrowed with this program (aside from the limitations imposed by creditworthiness, DTI, and general Fannie Mae/Freddie Mac conforming limits, though borrowers can access higher limits if they choose to make a down payment).
Additional VA-backed loan programs
VA Energy Efficient Mortgage (EEM)
Finance energy efficient home improvements, such as a solar water heater, solar panels, storm doors on windows and furnace efficiency modifications, through an EEM. Ineligible home upgrades include A/C units, vinyl siding and new roofing or shingles.
VA renovation loan
Also called a VA rehab loan or a reno loan, a VA renovation loan is a way to include the cost of home repairs and improvements in your VA home loan amount. No luxury upgrades are allowed. This loan is intended for repairs such as heating and cooling system replacement, upgrades to make the home more accessible for people with disabilities and the replacement of old appliances.
VA loans for manufactured homes
You can get financing for a manufactured home, also known as a mobile home or a modular home. However, there is a 25-year maximum loan term on larger units, and a 20-year loan term limit on smaller units. Lender credit requirements for VA mobile home loans may also be higher than loans for conventional homes. The mobile home must also have a permanent foundation and comply with safety standards set by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD).
To explore other home loan options or check out current mortgage rates, our page of the best mortgage lenders can be an excellent place to start.
There are specific requirements you must meet to qualify for a VA home loan.
How to qualify for a VA Loan
There are specific requirements you must meet to qualify for a VA home loan.
The VA home loan program and its military benefits are available for:
- Active-duty military members
- Veterans
- Past and present members of the National Guard
- Surviving spouses of military personnel who died in combat
A VA home loan does not have a minimum credit score requirement, but most participating VA loan lenders require a minimum credit score of 620. Our advice? Always check your credit report and debt-to-income ratio before applying for a loan and improve it if you can. (Be sure to read our guide on how to dispute your credit report.)
Service requirements
VA loan eligibility depends on the length of service of the applicant. These are the requirements as set by the VA:
- Veterans and active-duty service members must have served at least 90 days during wartime or 181 days during peacetime.
- National Guard members must have served at least 90 days of active-duty service during wartime or six years of creditable service in the Select Reserves or Guard.
- Two kinds of discharges from military service may affect eligibility determination: Other Than Honorable (OTH) and Bad Conduct.
- The specific circumstances of a veteran’s discharge will be considered, which could take Veterans Affairs (VA) months to evaluate.
In all cases, once deemed eligible, you must apply for a Certificate of Eligibility (COE). The COE proves to the VA mortgage lender that you meet the VA’s eligibility requirements.
How to apply for a VA home loan
After confirming eligibility for a VA loan, take the following steps to apply:
- Shop around for a lender and compare rate quotes before settling on the one that best fits your needs.
- Submit your loan application. The lender will request a VA appraisal of the house. The lender reviews the appraisal, your credit history and income and decides if it accepts your loan application.
- Apply for your COE and contact your state’s regional VA loan center to start the process directly with the government, in the case of Native American Direct Loans.
Once your lender accepts your application, they’ll work with you to select a title company (or entity) to close on the house.
If you have any questions that your lender can’t answer, please call your VA regional loan center at 877-827-3702. You can also watch a video on the official U.S. Dept. of Veteran Affairs’ YouTube page to learn more about VA home loans and how to apply.
How to get a VA loan with bad credit
Some lenders will issue a VA loan to veterans and service members with credit scores as low as 580 or lower. Freedom Mortgage, for example, will accept a credit score as low as 550. However, most lenders will require a minimum credit score of 620.
If you don’t meet the minimum credit score required, you should work on improving your personal finances. Paying the bills on time, paying off any debt you currently have and contacting the reporting agency to fix any errors are some steps that can help improve your score.
More About VA Mortgage Loans
Best VA Loan Lenders FAQs
What is a VA home loan?
A VA loan is a no-down-payment mortgage military benefit partially backed by the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). Borrowers can use the loans for the purchase of a primary residence or to refinance an existing mortgage.
Who qualifies for a VA loan?
To qualify for a VA loan, you or your spouse must meet the basic service requirements set by the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), have a valid Certificate of Eligibility, and meet the lender’s income and credit requirements.
How many times can you use a VA loan?
You can use a VA loan more than once but only to purchase or refinance a principal residence, provided you meet the availability requirements. However, you may be able to use a partial entitlement for a second loan if you haven’t used it all on your first mortgage. Remember that using a partial entitlement may mean you’ll need to shell out a down payment and a higher VA funding fee.
Are VA loans assumable?
Because VA loans are backed by the U.S. government, they can be assumed by a new lender even if they are not active military or veterans. In order to assume a VA loan, the new borrower must have a minimum credit score of 580, a DTI of 45% or lower, pay the VA funding fee and ensure the home will be their primary residence. In some cases, a down payment may also be required.
How long does it take to close a VA loan?
VA loans typically take a little longer than a traditional mortgage loan to close. Although the experience may vary from one person to another, VA loans take about 50 to 55 days to close on average. However, it is possible to close on a VA in as little as 30 days in some cases.
Does a VA loan require mortgage insurance?
No, VA loans do not require private mortgage insurance or any other type of mortgage insutance that is required by other loan types, such as conventional and FHA loans. The lack of an insurance requirement is one of the main benefits of obtaining a VA loan, along with not having to make a down payment.
Do VA loans have closing costs?
Yes, VA loans have closing costs, which can amount to 3% to 6% of the loan amount. These costs include fees associated with the loan origination and underwriting, title insurance and recording fees and the VA appraisal fee, among others. The VA funding fee, which ranges between 1.25% and 3.3% of the loan amount, is also due at closing but can be rolled into the loan. The home seller can pay up to 4% of the closing costs on a VA loan.
How We Chose the Best VA Loan Lenders
Given that many mortgage lenders offer similar products across the board, we narrowed our search criteria to three factors: rates, experience and customer service.
- Rates – We chose VA loan lenders that offered the lowest rates to ensure your mortgage payments fall in line with your budget.
- Experience in VA Loans – We prioritized VA mortgage lenders that process many VA loans. Having a VA mortgage lender who is familiar with this process ensures that every step of your home purchase is taken care of on time.
- Customer Service – We highlighted VA mortgage lenders that excel in customer satisfaction and provide first-time homeowners step-by-step guidance throughout the pre-approval, application and loan closing.
We also made sure that our picks are registered with the Nationwide Multistate Licensing System and Registry (NMLS) and meet the minimum certification requirements for mortgage lending.
Though we always try to include accurate and up-to-date information on regulatory and legal actions, we don’t claim this information is complete or fully up to date. Interest rates and annual percentage rates are subject to change. As always, we recommend you do your own research as well.
Summary of Money’s Best VA Home Loan Lenders of April 2024
Source: money.com
Apache is functioning normally
Consumers may not know it, but financial institutions often rely on “bundled” credit reports to make more fully informed decisions before lending an individual money.
That process is known as a tri-merge credit report (also known as a three-in-one credit report.) The merged report can give the lender a more complete picture of an applicant’s financial situation, since each credit report may contain slightly different information.
You can’t request a merged credit report on your own but you can ask a lender to share their tri-merged report with you. Read on to learn more about what tri-merged credit reports are and how they can impact your chances of getting a loan.
What Is a Tri-Merge Credit Report?
A tri-merge credit report simply combines three credit reports from the three largest credit reporting bureaus — Experian, Equifax, and Transunion — and consolidates them into one credit report for creditors and lenders. They are most commonly used in the mortgage lending sector where more information is required to properly assess larger loans.
Creditors often rely on three-in-one credit reports because they want a thorough review of an applicant’s credit history, an outcome a lender may not get with input from just one credit reporting agency.
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How Do Merged Credit Scores Work?
A tri-merge credit report gives those lenders what they need – a comprehensive overview of a credit applicant using information from three credit reports, instead of one or two credit reports.
By combining all three credit scoring formulas and outcomes into a single credit report, creditors can get an expanded and more complete look at a credit applicant’s financial history (including payments and credit usage), based on the information included in the tri-merge credit report.
Recommended: Common Credit Report Errors and How to Dispute Them
Why Do You Have More Than One Credit Score?
Each credit scoring company has its own formula for calculating credit scores and one model may place more importance on one factor, such as payment history, while another may not. Also, different types of loans have different scoring methods.
The most commonly used credit scoring model is the FICO® Score, a base score that has a range of 300 (lowest score) to 850 (highest score). But within the FICO models, there are industry-specific ranges.
• FICO® Auto Score Range is 250 to 900
• FICO® Bankcard Score Range is 250 to 900
• FICO® Mortgage Score Range is 300 to 850
VantageScore is another credit scoring model used by all three major credit reporting bureaus.
FICO Score and VantageScore base their calculations on different aspects of a person’s financial history.
• FICO uses factors that are in a credit report, such as payment history of credit accounts, how much debt a person has, how long credit accounts have been open, how often new credit inquiries happen and how often new credit accounts are opened, and the mix of credit account types.
• Vantage uses the same criteria as FICO, but places different levels of importance on each. Vantage also looks at additional factors that might not appear on a person’s credit report, such as rent and utility payments. Using factors such as these makes it possible for people who don’t have much of a credit history to have a credit score and be able to access consumer credit.
Lenders use credit scores and other information in the loan approval process.
What Does a Tri-Merge Credit Report Look Like?
Tri-merge credit reports offer creditors the same look and feel as a standard consumer credit report, with a few differences.
For starters, the third-party provider creating the three-in-one credit report culls the credit reports from each of the three primary credit-reporting firms (Experian, Equifax, and TransUnion) and pulls the most pertinent information for use in the tri-merge credit report.
In its final form, the tri-merge credit report includes the following sections.
• An upfront summary that provides information on the credit applicant in capsule form.
• A full section on the credit applicant’s financial accounts, focusing on larger accounts like mortgages, credit cards, auto loans, and any types of personal loans.
• Data on the applicant’s credit payments history, any open accounts, any history of late or no credit payments, any tax liens or bankruptcies, and the applicant’s credit utilization ratio (i.e., the applicant’s outstanding credit balance divided by the total amount of revolving credit the applicant has available).
A tri-merge credit report may also include a specific credit report from any of the three major credit reporting agencies, based on the specific credit analysis needs of the mortgage lender who uses the three-in-one report.
Why Do Personal Loan Lenders Look at Your Tri-Merge Credit Report?
Tri-merge credit reports are more commonly used in mortgage lending than personal loan lending. But if you’re applying for a large personal loan — some lenders offer personal loans up to $100,000 — the lender may look at a tri-merge credit report to get a comprehensive picture of your creditworthiness. The tri-merge credit report will include any current or past personal loans and your payment history on those. The lender will use that information to determine approval for the loan you’re applying for.
💡 Quick Tip: Choosing a personal loan with a fixed interest rate makes payments easy to track and gives you a target payoff date to work toward.
How Does a Tri-Merge Credit Report Affect Your Loan Application?
Different lenders approach the risk of lending money with different tolerance levels, just as they each have different credit score requirements. A loan applicant whose credit reports don’t include late payments and unmanageable debt loads will likely be approved for a loan with favorable terms and lower interest rates.
Alternatively, a loan applicant whose credit report shows a large amount of existing debt and a history of late or missed payments may be offered a high interest rate and less favorable terms.
Because lenders that use a tri-merge credit report to assess an applicant’s creditworthiness are looking at a comprehensive picture, it’s in the best interest of the applicant to clean up their credit reports from each of the three major credit bureaus before they begin applying for a loan.
Recommended: Typical Personal Loan Requirements Needed for Approval
Is a Tri-Merge Credit Report a Hard Inquiry?
Any official lender review of a tri-merge credit report will be a hard inquiry and will temporarily impact your credit score. In general, each hard credit inquiry can decrease a credit score by five points.
The severity of any credit score decline due to a hard pull largely depends on the applicant.
A consumer with a strong credit report may see less of a credit scoring decline than one with a weak credit report. Multiple credit report hard inquiries can be a reason why a consumer with a weak credit history may see their credit scores decline moderately.
Recommended: Soft vs Hard Credit Inquiry: What You Need to Know
Can I Order My Own Tri-Merge Credit Report?
Tri-merge credit reports are available to lenders, but not generally to individuals. A lender may be willing to share with you the tri-merge credit report they pulled in your application process. A credit counselor who offers first-time homebuyer programs may also be able to pull a tri-merge credit report for you in a credit review process, but there may be a fee for that service.
However, you can — and it’s a good idea to do this — request a free copy of your credit report from AnnualCreditReport.com.
You can request a free copy of your credit report once a week from each of the three major credit bureaus. Reviewing all three of your credit reports will give you much of the same information as is included in a tri-merge credit report.
The Takeaway
Tri-merge credit reports can prove highly useful to mortgage and other lenders looking for a comprehensive review of an applicant’s credit history.
By merging the credit report analysis of the three major credit reporting agencies, creditors and lenders are getting a fully-formed outlook they likely wouldn’t get by relying on a single credit reporting agency.
For consumers, the key takeaway on three-in-one credit reports is simple – take a disciplined and diligent stance on your credit, review your credit reports on a regular basis, and ensure key issues like on-time payments and credit utilization rates are in good standing.
Think twice before turning to high-interest credit cards. Consider a SoFi personal loan instead. SoFi offers competitive fixed rates and same-day funding. Checking your rate takes just a minute.
SoFi’s Personal Loan was named NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Personal Loan overall.
FAQ
What is a tri-merge credit report?
A tri-merge credit report is a credit report combining information from the three major credit bureaus, Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion.
Is a tri-merge credit report a hard inquiry?
When a tri-merge credit report is pulled during the formal loan application process, it will be a hard inquiry on the applicant’s credit report.
Can I pull my own tri-merge credit report?
No. Tri-merge credit reports are available to lenders, not individuals, and they’re mainly used in the mortgage loan process. If you’re working with a credit counselor, you may be able to have a tri-merge credit report pulled during a credit review process.
Photo credit: iStock/Irina Ivanova
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Checking Your Rates: To check the rates and terms you may qualify for, SoFi conducts a soft credit pull that will not affect your credit score. However, if you choose a product and continue your application, we will request your full credit report from one or more consumer reporting agencies, which is considered a hard credit pull and may affect your credit.
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Source: sofi.com
Apache is functioning normally
Although fourth quarter mortgage originations were flat year-over-year, nonbank lenders that could provide products through multiple means were able to grow their business during that tough period, a Morningstar DBRS recap found.
“In addition to affordability challenges, seasonality and competition also impacted volumes and pricing,” the report from Shaima Ahmadi, assistant vice president, North American financial institution ratings, said. “However, on an individual company basis, those with omnichannel organization models continued to grow originations in [the fourth quarter] as they were able to capture a higher share of the market versus those with less diverse channels and refi heavy models.”
The top mortgage lenders benefited by undertaking business restructuring and making strategic shifts in order to capture more purchase business, Ahmadi said.
A shift underway that might not be going well is taking place at Finance of America, which had been at one point a multi-channel forward lender. After several previous strategy shifts, the company elected to focus on reverse mortgages. As part of that strategy, it bought American Advisors Group, which helped to drive FOA to a 40% market share in that segment.
“Despite market share gains, when excluding forward organizations in 4Q22, FOA’s reverse mortgage origination volume was down a significant 56% YoY in 4Q23,” Ahmadi pointed out.
“Meanwhile, Rithm Capital Corp. has made a number of acquisitions of mortgage servicing and alternative asset management businesses over recent years as part of the company’s strategic shift to become a real estate asset manager. Companies also continue to diversify their basket of mortgage loan offerings with added complementary services.”
The Mortgage Bankers Association’s fourth quarter industry profitability survey found that independent mortgage bankers and bank mortgage subsidiaries, both public and privately held, lost an average of $2,109 on every loan produced.
Furthermore, servicing was a net financial loss for the group of $24 per loan, while operating income for this function, which excludes amortization, gains/loss in the valuation of servicing rights net of hedging gains/losses, and gains/losses on bulk sales, was $108 per loan.
Mortgage servicing rights proved to be a double-edge sword in the fourth quarter. Companies reported fair-value losses on their MSR portfolios — a requirement of mark-to-market accounting that is tied to potential prepayments — but servicing fee income was up.
The publicly traded nonbank lenders tracked in the Morningstar DBRS report had a 6% increase year-over-year in their portfolios. But that ranged from a 14% gain at Mr. Cooper, which was active in the bulk purchase market, to declines of 5% at Rocket and 4% at United Wholesale Mortgage; UWM has been a strategic seller of servicing rights as part of its risk management strategy, executives noted on its fourth quarter earnings call.
FOA actually had a larger percentage increase at 38%, but that was primarily reverse servicing picked up in the AAG deal, and among the nine companies listed, it has by far the smallest portfolio.
Even though its portfolio is now smaller, Rocket bought MSRs originated with high rates for the potential refinancing opportunity.
“Given where mortgage rates currently are, borrowers have little incentive to refinance,” Ahmadi said. “However, some companies indicated that they expect a meaningful rebound in refinance activity when rates fall below 6%.” While the MBA thinks rates will sink under that mark, Fannie Mae’s latest forecast calls for them to just get to that level by the end of next year.
For the group losses narrowed as improved gain on sales margins were partially offset by lower origination volume.
Gross gain on sales margins, inclusive of fee income, net secondary marketing income and warehouse spread, was 334 basis points in the fourth quarter, up from 329 basis points three months prior, the MBA survey reported.
“We would expect margins to remain under pressure in 1Q given the negative impact seasonality typically has on both 4Q and 1Q,” Bose George, an analyst with Keefe, Bruyette & Woods said in an April 1 note on the survey. “Industry profitability is likely to be flat to down in 1Q as volumes should once again be low due to the seasonality associated with the quarter and the elevated average mortgage rate.”
Several public companies also reported major one-off expenses, including Pennymac Financial Services, which recorded $158.4 million in expenses from an arbitration ruling in favor of Black Knight (now part of Intercontinental Exchange) over mortgage servicing technology including allegations of breach of contract and misappropriation of trade secrets.
Meanwhile, Mr. Cooper’s November 2023 cybersecurity incident hit its results to the tune of $27 million.
Ahmadi also noted that the nonbanks had higher leverage ratios year-over-year for the fourth quarter, as debt levels increased slightly but was primarily caused by financial losses eroding company equity.
“During [the fourth quarter], nonbank mortgage companies were active in the high yield market, raising unsecured funding, which was partially used to pay down upcoming maturities in 2025, which we view positively for their credit profiles,” Ahmadi said. “Indeed, unsecured debt issuances increase nonbank mortgage companies’ financial flexibility by decreasing balance sheet encumbrance.”
Both Rocket and Pennymac Mortgage Trust were able to reduce their leverage ratios. But FOA’s debt-to-equity ratio increased to 97.8x compared with 49.7x one year prior, while Ocwen’s was at 27.2x, versus 22.9x over the same period.
Source: nationalmortgagenews.com
Apache is functioning normally
New American Funding (NAF) has snagged top Chicago loan officer Larry Steinway as it looks to grow its presence in the Chicagoland area.
Steinway, who closed more than $1.5 billion of loan volume in his nearly 30-year career, started at NAF on April 1 as its vice president and producing area sales manager tasked with expanding the lender’s footprint in the Chicagoland area.
He joins NAF from Revolution Mortgage, where he served as branch production sales manager and SVP of mortgage lending for a little over a year. Steinway was also one of the first four loan officers to be hired at Guaranteed Rate, where he earned the firm’s Chairman’s Club title for hitting $100 million in yearly production multiple times.
“The goal is to help them develop this territory and use this platform to attract talent – established loan officers, up and coming loan officers,” Steinway said in an interview with HousingWire.
“One of the several things that differentiate New American Funding from other lenders is that they service 98% of their loans, which as a loan officer is wonderful for us because I can retain them as a lifelong customer.”
Steinway also expects NAF’s “expansive” product mix, such as NAF Cash, will help him achieve more production volume in a highly competitive market.
Through NAF Cash, the lender purchases the buyer’s chosen home upfront with cash while the buyer can rent the new home while working on selling the old home or securing financing on the new one. When the buyer is ready to move in with permanent financing, NAF sells it back to the buyer for the original price with a convenience fee that can be added to the purchase price.
“Chicago, I think, is suffering more than most markets in the United States. People are still buying homes, but we are still seeing multiple offers like crazy, seeing a lot of people waive contingencies such as inspections. There are a lot more as-is offers being made out there than I would ever see before. Because of the lack of inventory and multiple offers, the NAF Cash product will give an advantage for my clients over other buyers that cannot make a cash offer,” said Steinway.
NAF, the 31st largest mortgage lender in America in 2023, according to Inside Mortgage Finance, has been in growth mode. HousingWire reported that the company was entering the joint ventures arena in April, offering multiple JV models in a margin-compressed and highly regulated industry.
Most recently, NAF acquired $2 billion Chicago-based retail shop Draper & Kramer Mortgage Corp. (DKMC) to enhance its presence in the Midwest and along the East Coast.
“We’re extremely excited about the recent purchase of Draper & Kramer in the Chicago market and adding Larry as a Producing Area sales manager to help us continue our growth,” Pat Bolan, chief production officer and head of retail sales at NAF, said in an emailed response.
Founded in 2003 by Rick Arvielo and his wife, Patty Arvielo, NAF offers a variety of conventional, government, adjustable-rate and non-qualified mortgages. The lender originated $9.6 billion in mortgages in 2023, according to estimates from Inside Mortgage Finance.
NAF, licensed in 50 states and Washington, D.C., has 256 active branch locations across the country with 2,098 sponsored mortgage loan originators as of March 29, according to the National Multistate Licensing System.
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Source: housingwire.com