Located in California’s fertile San Joaquin Valley, Fresno stands as a testament to the Golden State’s agricultural heartland. As the fifth-largest city in the state, Fresno offers a unique blend of small-town charm and big-city amenities. From the sprawling vineyards of nearby wine country to the majestic Sierra Nevada Mountains on the city’s doorstep, Fresno is a gateway to outdoor adventure and natural beauty. With the city holding so many amazing qualities, it’s no wonder people are asking themselves, “Should I move to Fresno?”
If you’ve been wondering about making the move to Fresno, you’re in the right place. In this article, we’ll discuss the pros and cons of living in this city to help you decide if Fresno is the right choice for you. Let’s dive in.
Fresno at a Glance
Walk Score: 47 | Bike Score: 58 | Transit Score: 33
Median Sale Price: $385,000 | Average Rent for 1-Bedroom Apartment: $1,360
Fresno neighborhoods | Houses for rent in Fresno | apartments for rent in Fresno | Homes for sale in Fresno
Pro: Fresh local produce
Because of it’s location in the heart of California’s Central Valley, Fresno is a haven for fresh produce lovers. The city’s farmers’ markets, such as the Vineyard Farmers Market, overflow with locally grown fruits and vegetables. This agricultural abundance supports a dynamic local cuisine scene, with farm-to-table restaurants showcasing the region’s best. The availability of fresh, quality ingredients is a significant perk for residents who value healthy and sustainable eating.
Con: Air quality concerns
One of the challenges of living in Fresno is dealing with its air quality. With it’s position in a valley, the city often finds itself grappling with smog and pollution, particularly during the hot summer months. This can affect outdoor activities and pose health concerns for people with respiratory issues. Despite efforts to improve the situation, air quality remains a concern that locals must find ways to navigate.
Pro: Growing job market
In recent years, Fresno has seen growth in its job market, particularly in the healthcare, education, and agricultural sectors. New businesses and industries are setting roots in the city, offering a range of employment opportunities. This economic development is promising for residents and attracts individuals looking for new ventures. The evolving job market is a sign of Fresno’s potential for future prosperity.
Con: High cost of living
The cost of living in Fresno is 9% higher than the national average. The cost of utilities, such as electricity, water, and gas, tends to be higher compared to other cities in California. For instance, residents may find themselves paying more for electricity bills due to the region’s warm climate, which requires extensive use of air conditioning during the hot summer months. Additionally, water bills can be elevated due to the need for irrigation in agricultural areas surrounding Fresno. These higher utility costs can strain household budgets and make it challenging for some residents to manage these extra expenses.
Pro: Proximity to national parks
Fresno’s location is ideal for nature lovers and outdoor enthusiasts. It serves as a gateway to some of the country’s most stunning national parks, including Yosemite, Kings Canyon, and Sequoia National Parks. These natural wonders offer endless opportunities for hiking, camping, and exploring the great outdoors. The ability to take a day trip to such iconic destinations is a unique advantage of living in Fresno, providing an easy escape to nature whenever the city life becomes too much.
Con: Extreme summer heat
Residents of Fresno must prepare for the extreme heat that envelops the city during the summer months. Temperatures frequently soar above 100 degrees Fahrenheit, making outdoor activities uncomfortable and sometimes hazardous. This intense heat can limit recreational options and increase reliance on air conditioning, subsequently raising utility bills. The summer heat is a significant factor to consider for anyone thinking about moving to Fresno.
Pro: Unique local cuisine
Fresno’s culinary scene is a hidden gem, with a unique blend of influences from its diverse population and agricultural roots. Local specialties include dishes inspired by Mexican, Southeast Asian, and farm-to-table cuisine. Restaurants like The Annex Kitchen, which offers Italian-inspired dishes made with local ingredients, highlight the city’s innovative and delicious food offerings. For foodies, Fresno offers a delightful exploration of flavors that reflect its cultural diversity and agricultural abundance.
Con: Public transportation limitations
The public transportation system in Fresno, while present, doesn’t always meet the needs of all its residents. Coverage can be sparse, and frequency of service is often lacking, especially outside of the city center. This can make it challenging for those without personal vehicles to navigate the city efficiently. The limitations of public transportation can impact daily commutes, access to services, and overall mobility within Fresno.
Fresno boasts a strong sense of community, with locals often coming together to support small businesses, schools, and charitable causes. Neighborhoods host block parties, community gardens, and local markets that foster a sense of belonging. This community spirit is evident in the city’s response to challenges, where neighbors are quick to lend a hand. Living in Fresno means being part of a community that cares and connects, enhancing the quality of life for its members.
Con: Limited nightlife and entertainment options
While Fresno has its charms, it may fall short for those seeking a bustling nightlife or a wide array of entertainment options. The city has some bars, clubs, and cultural events, but the variety and frequency might not match larger cities. This can be a drawback for anyone who thrives on the energy of a vibrant night scene. Residents often find themselves traveling to nearby cities for concerts, festivals, and other entertainment pursuits.
Jenna is a Midwest native who enjoys writing about home improvement projects and local insights. When she’s not working, you can find her cooking, crocheting, or backpacking with her fiancé.
Welcome to Pennsylvania, a state steeped in history, brimming with diverse landscapes, and home to lively cities that offer unique living experiences. From the bustling metropolis of Philadelphia, known for its iconic landmarks, to the picturesque streets of Pittsburgh, a hub of innovation and creativity, there’s a lot to explore in this state. This ApartmentGuide article will take you through the pros and cons of living in Pennsylvania, so you can decide if this state is right for you.
Renting in Pennsylvania snapshot
1. Pro: Iconic historical sites
Pennsylvania is steeped in American history, home to well-known landmarks such as the Liberty Bell and Independence Hall in Philadelphia to the Gettysburg National Military Park in Gettysburg. These sites offer residents and visitors alike a unique opportunity to walk through the corridors of American history, experiencing the birthplace of the nation’s independence firsthand.
2. Con: Humid summers
Pennsylvania experiences high humidity levels during the summer months, creating discomfort for residents and impacting outdoor activities. The combination of the summer heat ranging from 70-90 degrees Fahrenheit, and high humidity levels can make outdoor excursions feel stifling and exhausting, requiring extra precautions to stay cool and hydrated.
3. Pro: Diverse landscapes
From the urban landscapes of Philadelphia and Pittsburgh to the scenic beauty of the Pocono Mountains and the shores of Lake Erie, Pennsylvania offers a diverse range of environments. This diversity allows for a multitude of outdoor activities, including hiking, skiing, and beach outings, catering to all sorts of preferences and lifestyles.
4. Con: Infrastructure challenges
Pennsylvania grapples with aging infrastructure, evident in its roads, bridges, and public transportation systems, which often suffer from disrepair and congestion. The state’s infrastructure report card is a C-, highlighting the urgent need for upgrades to address deficiencies and ensure public safety. These infrastructure challenges not only inconvenience residents with frequent road closures and delays but also pose risks to motorists and commuters.
5. Pro: Educational opportunities
Pennsylvania is home to some of the nation’s top universities, including the University of Pennsylvania, Carnegie Mellon University, and Penn State. These institutions not only provide excellent educational opportunities but also contribute to vibrant local economies and cultural scenes throughout the state.
6. Con: Property taxes
Pennsylvania imposes a relatively high property tax rate of 1.36%, surpassing the national average of 0.99%, which can significantly impact homeowners’ financial burden. This disparity is worth noting for those considering transitioning from renting to homeownership, as it adds to the overall cost of owning property in the state. This can affect affordability and the cost of living for residents, making it challenging for some to maintain homeownership.
7. Pro: Culinary diversity
The state’s culinary scene is a reflection of its cultural diversity, offering everything from traditional Pennsylvania Dutch dishes to modern American cuisine. Cities like Philadelphia are renowned for their food, including the iconic Philly cheesesteak, attracting food lovers from all over.
8. Con: Air quality issues
Industrial activities and traffic congestion contribute to air quality issues in certain areas of Pennsylvania, particularly in its larger cities like Philadelphia and Pittsburgh. These cities are known for their industrial history, which has left a legacy of pollution and environmental challenges. Poor air quality can have significant impacts on residents’ health, especially those with respiratory conditions.
Las Vegas, NV, isn’t just a place for tourists to enjoy; it’s also an exciting city for locals. Known for its bright lights and endless entertainment options, living here means you’re never far from an adventure. But “Should I move to Las Vegas?” is a question many wonder. Beyond the Strip, this city offers unique neighborhoods and a desert landscape that’s perfect for outdoor enthusiasts. Las Vegas combines the thrill of a 24/7 city with the comforts of home, making it a one-of-a-kind place to live. Before packing your bags, it’s important to know the city’s strengths and weaknesses to make sure it’s the right fit for you. In this article, we’ll discuss the pros and cons of living in Las Vegas that may help you make your decision. Let’s get started.
Las Vegas at a Glance
Walk Score: 42 | Bike Score: 46 | Transit Score: 36
Median Sale Price: $430,000 | Average Rent for 1-Bedroom Apartment: $1,280
Las Vegas neighborhoods | houses for rent in Las Vegas | apartments for rent in Las Vegas | homes for sale in Las Vegas
Pro: Vibrant nightlife
Las Vegas, known globally as “The Entertainment Capital of the World,” offers an unparalleled nightlife experience. From world-class DJs at top-tier clubs to iconic shows and performances, the city caters to every taste and preference. The Strip lights up with possibilities, making every night a potential adventure. This unique aspect ensures there’s always something exciting happening, no matter the day of the week.
Con: Extreme summer heat
The desert climate of Las Vegas brings with it extreme heat, especially during the summer months. Temperatures often soar above 100 degrees Fahrenheit, which can be uncomfortable and limit outdoor activities. While many indoor places are air-conditioned, the intense heat can be a significant deterrent for those wishing to explore the natural beauty surrounding the city or engage in daytime outdoor events.
Pro: World-class dining
Las Vegas offers amazing dining experiences, featuring restaurants from renowned chefs from around the globe. Restaurants like Joël Robuchon at MGM Grand, led by the legendary French chef, offer exquisite tasting menus featuring meticulously crafted dishes. Additionally, Las Vegas is home to celebrity chef restaurants like Gordon Ramsay’s Hell’s Kitchen at Caesars Palace and Bobby Flay’s Mesa Grill at Caesars Palace. The city’s thriving food scene extends beyond the famed Strip. Local favorites like Lotus of Siam and Carson Kitchen showcase the culinary diversity and creativity that Las Vegas has to offer.
Con: Water scarcity
Being in the Mojave Desert, Las Vegas faces significant challenges with water scarcity. So much so that the city ranks #2 in U.S. for cities most at risk of droughts. The city relies heavily on the Colorado River for its water supply, which is becoming increasingly stressed due to overuse and climate change. This situation has led to water restrictions and conservation efforts that impact residents’ daily lives, from landscaping choices to water usage habits.
Pro: Outstanding entertainment and events
Aside from nightlife, Las Vegas is a hub for entertainment, hosting numerous concerts, sports events, and conventions, year-round. Sports enthusiasts can cheer on teams like the Vegas Golden Knights (NHL) at the T-Mobile Arena or the Las Vegas Raiders (NFL) at the stunning Allegiant Stadium, both located just off the Strip. The Las Vegas Motor Speedway hosts NASCAR races and other motorsport events, attracting fans from around the world. For those interested in conventions, Las Vegas is renowned for its expansive convention center. It features trade shows, expos, and conferences covering various industries, from technology and gaming to hospitality and healthcare. These events ensure that residents and visitors have access to plenty of entertainment options beyond the casino floors.
Con: Traffic congestion
With its popularity as a tourist destination, Las Vegas experiences significant traffic congestion, especially on The Strip and surrounding areas. Major events and conventions can exacerbate this issue, leading to longer commute times for locals. This congestion is a consideration for those who value ease of mobility and a more relaxed pace of life.
Pro: Thriving arts scene
Las Vegas is home to a thriving arts scene that goes beyond its famous shows and performances. The Arts District, located in downtown Las Vegas, is a testament to the city’s commitment to the arts, offering galleries, studios, and unique boutiques. First Friday events in this area showcase local artists and musicians, providing a platform for creative expression and community engagement.
Con: Limited public transportation
Compared to other major cities, Las Vegas has a low Transit Score of 36. While Las Vegas does have public transportation, options can be limited, especially outside of the central tourist areas. The reliance on cars can be a drawback for those without vehicles or those who prefer more sustainable modes of transportation. Efforts are being made to improve this, but it remains a consideration for daily commuting and travel within the city.
Pro: Access to healthcare
Las Vegas offers access to quality healthcare facilities, including the Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health and the University Medical Center. These institutions provide residents with advanced medical care and research opportunities. The presence of such facilities ensures that residents have access to some of the best healthcare services in the region.
Con: Dependence on tourism
The economy of Las Vegas is heavily dependent on tourism, which can be both a strength and a vulnerability. Economic downturns or global events that reduce tourist numbers can have a significant impact on the city’s economy. This dependence on a single industry can affect job security and economic stability for those working in and around the tourism sector.
Pro: Plenty of outdoor recreation opportunities
Las Vegas is not just about indoor entertainment; it’s also a gateway to some of the nation’s most beautiful parks and recreation areas. Residents can enjoy a short drive to Red Rock Canyon for hiking, rock climbing, or biking. Similarly, Lake Mead offers water sports and camping opportunities. These natural attractions provide a perfect escape from the city’s hustle and bustle.
Jenna is a Midwest native who enjoys writing about home improvement projects and local insights. When she’s not working, you can find her cooking, crocheting, or backpacking with her fiancé.
Located in the heart of the Sonoran Desert, Phoenix offers a unique living experience characterized by its dynamic culture, diverse population, and striking natural landscapes. Known as the Valley of the Sun, Phoenix boasts over 300 days of sunshine annually, inviting residents to explore its vast outdoor recreational opportunities. From hiking picturesque desert trails to teeing off at world-class golf courses, there’s always something new to try. If you’ve been asking yourself, “Should I move to Phoenix, AZ?” you’re in the right place. In this article, we’ll discuss the pros and cons of living in Phoenix to help you decide if it’s the right place for you. Let’s dive in.
Phoenix at a Glance
Walk Score: 41 | Bike Score: 56 | Transit Score: 36
Median Sale Price: $455,000 | Average Rent for 1-Bedroom Apartment: $1,237
Phoenix neighborhoods | houses for rent in Phoenix | apartments for rent in Phoenix | homes for sale in Phoenix
Pro: Sunny weather
Phoenix basks in its reputation as one of the sunniest cities in the United States. This abundant sunlight is a major draw for residents seeking a warm and inviting climate year-round. The city’s sunny weather creates an ideal environment for outdoor activities such as hiking, biking, and picnicking. Moreover, the sunny days contribute to a generally cheerful and positive atmosphere, fostering a sense of well-being among residents. Additionally, the weather allows residents to have outdoor gatherings, festivals, and community events throughout the year. Overall, the sunny weather in Phoenix is not just a climatic feature but a defining aspect of the city’s lifestyle.
Con: Water scarcity
Phoenix’s location in the Sonoran Desert brings with it the challenge of water scarcity. The city relies heavily on a finite water supply from the Colorado River, which is under increasing stress due to prolonged droughts and overuse. This situation has led to heightened awareness and restrictions on water use, impacting everything from residential landscaping to public swimming pools. This issue continues to be a growing concern for the city’s sustainability efforts.
Pro: Proximity to natural attractions
Phoenix’s location offers unparalleled access to natural attractions and outdoor adventures. Just a short drive from the city, residents can explore the Grand Canyon, hike in the Superstition Mountains, or visit the red rocks of Sedona. This proximity to nature allows for spontaneous day trips or weekend getaways, making it an ideal home base for those who love to explore the great outdoors.
Con: Extreme summer heat
While the sunny weather is a significant draw, the flip side is the extreme heat Phoenix experiences. In fact, Phoenix currently ranks 5th for U.S. cities most at risk of extreme heat. Temperatures regularly soar above 100 degrees Fahrenheit, which can be uncomfortable and even dangerous. This intense heat limits outdoor activities to early mornings or late evenings for much of the summer, and significantly increases the cost of air conditioning and energy bills.
Pro: Lively cultural scene
The cultural scene in Phoenix is vibrant and diverse, offering a wide range of activities and events that cater to various interests. The city is home to numerous museums, such as the Phoenix Art Museum and the Heard Museum, which showcase both contemporary art and Native American cultures. Additionally, the downtown area hosts a variety of festivals, live music, and culinary events throughout the year, reflecting the city’s rich cultural diversity.
Con: Limited public transportation
With a Transit Score of 36, one of the challenges of living in Phoenix is the limited public transportation options. While the city has made efforts to expand its light rail system, the coverage is still not comprehensive. This makes it difficult for those without a car to navigate the city efficiently. This reliance on personal vehicles contributes to traffic congestion and can be a barrier for residents seeking accessible and affordable transportation alternatives.
Phoenix is known for its welcoming and inclusive community, with a diverse population that embraces newcomers. The city’s warm and friendly atmosphere makes it easy for a lot of residents to connect and engage with their neighbors, fostering a sense of belonging. Community events, local farmers’ markets, and neighborhood associations contribute to the vibrant social fabric of Phoenix, making it a great place to call home.
Con: Poor air quality
Due to its location in a valley and the high number of vehicles on the road, Phoenix often struggles with air quality issues. Dust storms, known locally as “haboobs,” along with ozone pollution, can lead to poor air quality days, particularly in the summer. This can be a concern for individuals with respiratory issues and contributes to environmental health challenges in the city.
Pro: Growing job market
Phoenix has experienced significant economic growth in recent years. The area’s job market continues to expand in sectors such as technology, healthcare, and finance. This growth has attracted professionals from across the country, contributing to the city’s diverse workforce. With an emerging startup scene and several Fortune 500 companies like Avnet, the city provides ample employment opportunities.
Con: Summer monsoons
While the monsoon season can bring much-needed relief from the summer heat, it also comes with its own set of challenges. The monsoons can produce sudden, intense storms that lead to flooding, power outages, and property damage. These storms, occurring from June through September, require residents to be prepared for rapid weather changes and their potential impacts.
Pro: Sports fan’s paradise
Phoenix is a haven for sports enthusiasts. The city hosts professional teams in all major sports, including the NFL’s Arizona Cardinals and the NBA’s Phoenix Suns. The city also offers a plethora of recreational activities, from golf courses and public parks to hiking trails in the surrounding desert landscapes. This blend of professional sports and outdoor recreation provides residents with endless options for entertainment and physical activity.
Con: Sprawling urban layout
The sprawling urban layout of Phoenix can be a drawback for those who prefer a more walkable city environment. The city’s extensive urban sprawl requires residents to rely heavily on cars for transportation, contributing to traffic congestion and making it challenging to foster a sense of community in some neighborhoods. This layout also impacts the accessibility of amenities and services for those living in the outer suburbs.
Jenna is a Midwest native who enjoys writing about home improvement projects and local insights. When she’s not working, you can find her cooking, crocheting, or backpacking with her fiancé.
It’s hard to say what’s cooler about the Japanese shōya house at the Huntington Library, Art Museum, and Botanical Gardens — the centuries-old wood structure that was once the center of a small farming village in Marugame, Japan, or the backstory of how it got to its new home at the Huntington’s Japanese Garden.
The journey took nearly eight years of negotiations, bureaucratic wrangling and skilled craftsmanship to dismantle, reassemble and, in some cases, re-create the 3,000-square-foot house and gardens. And starting Saturday, visitors can finally tour the compound, which will be open daily from noon to 4 p.m. (except Tuesdays, when the gardens are closed).
Los Angeles-based Akira and Yohko Yokoi donated their ancient family home to the Huntington, but the $10 million job of moving it to San Marino was far more complicated than just taking apart a puzzle and putting it back together.
Consider the distinctive conical ceramic tiles covering the pitched roof like rows of tight curls. All those silver-gray tiles had to be remade by Japanese craftsmen because the originals were mortared to the roof and had to be broken to disassemble the house. The exquisite garden outside the largest and most important room of the house was carefully mapped and measured, and every stone numbered by landscape designer Takuhiro Yamada so it could be re-created at the Huntington.
Advertisement
And outside the gatehouse that protected the house, built new because the original was damaged by a storm, the Huntington installed a terraced mini farm growing small plots of rice, buckwheat, sesame, wheat and other traditional Japanese crops, surrounded by a riot of colorful cosmos flowers. The house sits higher than the farmland, so water collected from the roof and ponds all drains down to irrigate the farm land.
So this installation isn’t just an exercise in cultural awareness, says curator Robert Hori, the Huntington’s associate director of cultural programs, who oversaw the project from start to finish. To him, the Japanese Heritage Shōya House is a quiet but effective example of sustainability — “learning from the past for a better future” — and a reminder that farmers “are really the backbone of our society.”
There were plenty of trying times — more than two years of negotiating with city, state and federal officials to get the necessary approvals and occupancy permit to move and rebuild the house. And in the midst of the pandemic, when the disassembled house sat in dozens of packing crates for nearly nine months, Hori had to coax reluctant Japanese craftspeople to come and put it together so the ancient wood pieces didn’t warp in SoCal’s dry summer heat.
“When you’ve spent two years lovingly repairing this wood and then you’re told everything might be lost, that was a call to action to the craftspeople who painstakingly worked on this,” says Hori. “Even in the face of a pretty scary time, they felt like it was their responsibility to put this house back together.”
Advertisement
The project started with a chance meeting in 2016 during a party at the Beverly Hills home of Los Angeles philanthropist Jacqueline Avant. Hori had come to talk with Avant about a Japanese art collection she wanted to donate to the institution. During their conversation, Avant introduced Hori to her friend, Yohko Yokoi, who soon would be traveling to Japan.
“I said, ‘Oh, that will be a wonderful visit because the cherry blossoms will be in full bloom,’” Hori recalls, “and [Yokoi] said, ‘No, because I have to take care of my house.’ And then she began to tell me the story of this house.”
Hori recalls Yokoi saying the house had been built after the war, “so I thought it was a prefab house from the 1950s with poor construction, built after World War II. But then she was saying, ‘We used to have a castle,’ and that’s when it came to light that this house was built around 1700, after the war that unified Japan.”
Prior to that final battle, Japan had been a confederation of warring city-states and provinces, he said. It took 100 years of battles to create a cohesive central government known as the Tokugawa Shogunate. The Yokoi family’s castle was destroyed during the war. They had been fighting on the losing side, Hori said, but the victorious Tokugawa clan decided to incorporate all the losing factions into its new bureaucracy, to become tax collectors and shōya, or village leaders.
Newsletter
Sign up for our L.A. Times Plants newsletter
At the start of each month, get a roundup of upcoming plant-related activities and events in Southern California, along with links to tips and articles you may have missed.
You may occasionally receive promotional content from the Los Angeles Times.
The Yokoi shōya house was built around 1700 in Marugame, says Hori, and was the family’s private residence as well as a kind of community center for the village.
Inside the gatehouse, a large courtyard provided space for weddings, funerals and celebrations. Farmers and merchants entered the shōya house through one entrance, to measure and store their rice, pay their taxes and try to collect funds for other provisions. These rooms had floors made from hard-packed earth, and rustic beams hand-hewn from pine.
Advertisement
Adjacent to the dirt-floored rooms were the places where the family lived and worked. These raised floors were covered with rice-straw tatami mats. The wood-framed walls and beams were planed to feel as soft to the touch as satin sheets. Sliding walls with windows covered in rice paper and glass opened to reveal exquisite gardens, enjoyed only by visiting dignitaries who entered through their own special gate.
After the military shogunate system was overturned in the late 19th century, the house became the Yokois’ private residence and went through several renovations, according to Yokoi and her husband, Akira. The last family member to live there was Akira’s mother, who died around 1988. The couple moved to California in the late 1960s, says Hori, where Akira worked as an executive for Matsushita Panasonic, the parent company of Panasonic. They visited the house regularly and kept it maintained, with the idea of retiring there someday.That plan faded, however, and eventually, he adds, the upkeep became a chore.
Hori already was thinking about a big project for the Japanese Gardens when he first met Yohko Yokoi. The Huntington’s Chinese Garden was in the midst of a huge expansion, and the discussion was how to add to the Japanese Garden to balance the two, says Hori. “This was an ongoing conversation we’d been having [at the Huntington] since 2012, and I’d been taking several trips to Japan to figure out what we should be adding next to that garden,” he says.
The Yokoi house sounded promising, so even though he had just returned from a visit to Japan, he made another trip within a few weeks so he could see the house while Yokoi was visiting. And that’s when he got the vision that sustained him through all the difficult years to come.
“I thought it had good bones when I first went to look at it, but also, I was interested in the house because it was really a conglomerate of various styles: the front room with its very rustic wood beams and style on one side, and then on the other side a formal reception room with the elegant carvings and mix of styles; a public face and private face of a scale big enough to accommodate visitors circulating through it.”
There were other signs too. The Huntington’s historic Japanese Garden, with its curved wooden Moon Bridge over a small lake and display of a Japanese home, first opened in 1912 when the West was fascinated by Japanese culture, plants and architecture. The garden fell into disrepair during World War II but was refurbished with support from the San Marino League. In 1968, the garden was expanded with a bonsai collection and Zen Court of plants and raked stones. Then in 2010, the Pasadena Buddhist Temple donated a small ceremonial tea house to the garden, which was disassembled and sent back to Japan to be refurbished before being shipped back to San Marino, where it was reassembled.
Advertisement
The tea house was much smaller than the shōya house, says Nicole Cavender, director of the Huntington’s botanical gardens, but it gave them the confidence to tackle a much larger structure and create a reconstruction of village life.
“We wanted this to be an immersive experience,” says Cavender, “so it has to be productive as well as beautiful.” The fields of tall magenta, pink and white cosmos flowers that edge the farm weren’t added just to enchant, she said, “but to show that we’re actually trying to grow something. The flowers draw pollinators who help the crops grow.”
Eventually there will be koi in the garden pond by the house, and the water circulating in that pond will be enriched with their poop, she says, and help feed the farmland below. Around the house is decorative edging called rain catchers — narrow drains filled with smooth gray rocks to collect any rain or dew falling off the roof, which also drained to the farming areas below.
Three hundred years ago, the Japanese didn’t have a word for sustainability, but they lived the concept every day with this type of regenerative farming, says Hori. “It’s how you survived. We want people to understand that ornamental gardening started with the ability to move water, and to move earth, which is what we have in farming. It all came out of farming.”
Advertisement
Hori’s vision encompasses more nuanced lessons too. The house has few furnishings. The smooth wood decking around the perimeter of the house is patched in places where the wood was worn, but the patches were done decoratively in the shape of a small gourd. And the simplicity of the furnishings is a gentle question.
“It gets you thinking … do we really need all this stuff we have? We want this to be a living museum, and walking through the house you can really find the three Rs of sustainability — reduce, repair and recycle, reuse or remake,” says Hori.
“It was all part of a circular economy where nothing was wasted. A ‘circular economy’ is a big concept, but we’re hoping these small doses of a big concept can help people take away these lessons and understand them. As a nonprofit we are in the business of inspiring and changing lives. We can make a difference, and that’s a great thing to come to work to.”
California is known for its varied, lush landscapes, rich history, and high quality of life. It has 16 climate zones, ranging from dry desert basins and coastal hills, to snowy peaks and ancient forests. There’s a climate for everyone in California, which has made it a very appealing place to live.
Weather patterns generally range from mild and wet in coastal metros like San Francisco, to more dry and extreme in southern and mountainous cities like Palm Springs and Truckee. However, weather can often turn into natural disasters like flooding, heat waves, and wildfires. When these happen, it’s essential to be prepared. So what are the most common natural disasters in California, how are they changing, and what can you do to prepare? Whether you’re planning a move to San Diego or are looking at apartments in San Jose, read on for everything you need to know.
1. California wildfires
Wildfires are the major disaster in California and have catastrophic impacts. They are by far the most common and destructive type of disaster in the state, and most years, California leads the nation in wildfires and acres burned. Most recently, the August Complex and Dixie Fires burned nearly 2 million acres.These fires cost hundreds of millions of dollars to fight, and created dangerous air quality across the Western US.
California is also unique in how frequently fires affect people’s homes. From 2000-2019, over 70% of people living within the perimeter of wildfires in the US lived in California. Additionally, according to data from First Street Foundation, 71% (8.15 million) of properties in the state are at risk of being affected by wildfires.
The state’s dry season from spring through late autumn, combined with parched forests throughout the state, sets the stage for devastating fires that can spread incredibly quickly. Prolonged drought, heat waves, and windy weather are the primary causes of wildfires, which are becoming increasingly common as climate change progresses. Aging electrical infrastructure also plays a role.
Wildfires can also devastate landscapes and hillsides, making them more susceptible to flooding, landslides, and mudslides.
How to prepare for wildfires in California
If you’re planning on moving to California or already live in the Golden State, preparing for wildfires is essential. Here are key tips to help:
Create a defensible space around your property by removing flammable materials and trimming or removing dry vegetation.
Develop an emergency plan that includes evacuation routes and a communication strategy.
Install interior and exterior sprinkler systems, if you have access to enough water.
Install a generator to keep the power running in case of power outages.
Stay updated on fire weather forecasts and follow all fire restrictions.
Prepare for poor air quality by purchasing an air purifier and installing HEPA air filters on air conditioning units.
Assemble an emergency kit with essentials and valuable documents.
Ensure your insurance adequately covers fire damage, or, if the rising premiums are too high, understand the risks of going uninsured. Unfortunately, due to more frequent disasters, high interest rates, and a desire for less regulation, many insurance companies are no longer offering insurance to homeowners in California.
Collaborate with your community to prevent fires. This is the most successful way to mitigate fire risk in your neighborhood.
2. California drought
Drought has been a severe issue in California for decades. From 2011 to 2022, the issue was extremely acute as reservoirs were drying up, prompting many water conservation regulations. California is one of many Southwestern states dealing with a megadrought that has plagued the region since 1990, primarily due to rising average temperatures and significantly reduced rainfall.
However, because of record snowfall and a wet spring in 2023, most of California is no longer experiencing a drought. That said, this will likely be short-lived due to climate change, chronic groundwater overuse, and a declining Colorado River.
Droughts differ from other natural disasters because they are often long-term events, rather than flooding or snowstorms that will generally pass in a day to a few weeks. However, the effects can be dramatic and significantly alter daily life. For example, some towns in the San Joaquin Valley have no access to fresh water and must rely on private companies and bottled water.
Droughts can also increase the frequency and severity of other disasters, such as forest fires, dust storms, and heat waves.
How to prepare for drought in California
Because drought has already existed in California for decades, it’s important to adapt your lifestyle to accommodate lower water use and prepare for future restrictions. For example:
3. California flooding
California is known for its pleasant weather, but it’s actually very prone to flooding. In fact, from 1950-2017, floods prompted the second most disaster declarations, after wildfires. Floods have also affected people; 23% of properties in California have a chance of being severely damaged by flooding in the next 30 years.
A large portion of California is susceptible to flooding because much of it lies in an old lakebed and subsequent drainage areas. For example, a large portion of the Central Valley lies in an ancient lakebed that helped drain the Sierra Nevadas. Due to urbanization, dams, and agriculture, the lake was slowly drained and parts of it remain as dangerous floodplains during wet years.
In California, flooding is generally caused by dramatic rainfall, dam failures, snowmelt, and high tides. Most recently, from October 2022 to March 2023, California was battered by 31 atmospheric rivers, bringing record rainfall and snowpack to the state. While this dramatically improved the state’s drought outlook, it caused flooding and widespread damage. Flooding continued into the spring as the massive snowpack began to melt.
Climate change is causing precipitation in California to fall more irregularly but intensely, leading to more flooding.
How to prepare for flooding in California
Flood risks are different throughout the state, and preparation varies depending on where you live. For example, San Francisco and Sacramento are more susceptible to riverine flooding and levee failure, while Los Angeles is prone to flash flooding. Regardless, here are a few tips to help you prepare for floods:
Review the flood risk map for your area to see your potential risks.
Consider flood insurance if you’re in a high-risk zone.
Keep emergency supplies on hand, including non-perishable food, water, medications, and important documents.
Elevate valuable items in flood-prone areas of your home, and install sandbags or barriers if necessary.
Stay tuned to weather forecasts and alerts, and have a communication plan with your family.
4. California landslides and mudslides
Landslides pose a significant risk to homeowners in California. They are a particularly bad natural disaster in regions with steep terrain, on the coast, and areas that have been affected by wildfires. Factors such as heavy rainfall, earthquakes, rapid snowmelt, and even construction or excavation can trigger landslides. Mudslides are similar to landslides and can develop in tandem or on their own after heavy rainfall or snowmelt. Importantly, mudslides are generally caused by weather events, as opposed to landslides which can be caused by naturally shifting rock.
Many areas of Southern California are at a higher risk of landslides and mudslides due to more severe fires followed by heavier rains. And as the fire season gets longer and the rainy season gets shorter but more intense, this is expected to worsen. Small landslides will now likely occur throughout the state every year, while major landslides are expected every 10-13 years.
How to prepare for mudslides in California
The most important part of preparing for a landslide is thinking ahead and familiarizing yourself with the landscape. Importantly, don’t build a home or structure near steep slopes, close to mountain edges, or along natural erosion valleys. This helps you minimize your risk without retrofitting or additional procedures. Here are some additional tips to help:
Consult a professional for retrofitting, such as flexible pipe fittings.
Plant ground cover on slopes, and build retaining walls around your property.
Build channels or deflection walls to direct mudflow around your home. However, if you build walls that direct flow into a neighbor’s property, you may be liable for damages.
Consider purchasing additional insurance coverage, as standard homeowners insurance policies generally don’t cover damage from landslides or mudslides. If the landslide was the result of an earthquake or flooding, earthquake insurance or flood insurance may cover it.
Stay alert during periods of heavy rain or seismic activity and follow any warnings from local authorities.
Recognize warning signs, such as new or widening cracks in your home’s structure, bulging ground, or unusual sounds.
5. California snowstorms and blizzards
Winter storms and blizzards are significant concerns in California, especially in the Sierra Nevadas. Recently, in February and March 2023, a string of storms brought many feet of snow to a majority of the state, prompting blizzard warnings throughout the state, including San Diego and Los Angeles counties. However, even though the storms were destructive, they helped increase the state’s snowpack to a record high.
In California, snowstorms often come from atmospheric rivers hitting the tall Sierra Nevada mountains. Sometimes, storms can also affect the San Gabriel and San Bernardino mountains. These can bring many feet of snow over the course of a few hours to days, leading to road closures, power outages, downed trees, stranded travelers, and limited access to emergency services.
Snowstorms can also turn into blizzards, which means that there are high sustained winds and low visibility (below ¼ of a mile for at least three hours).
How to prepare for snowstorms and blizzards in California
Preparing for severe winter weather events is crucial to ensuring your safety and minimizing impact on your home and family. Here are a few tips to help you prepare for winter:
The first thing you should do is winterize your home by inspecting your roof, clearing gutters, cleaning your chimney, insulating your attic, checking your heating system, and insulating your pipes.
Update your emergency kit to include extra warmth.
Keep a supply of firewood or alternative heating sources in case the power goes out.
Equip your vehicle with chains, extra blankets, a shovel, and emergency supplies.
Stay updated on weather forecasts and make sure you have a reliable method of communication.
6. California earthquakes
Earthquakes are a major risk in California. The state is home to over 15,700 fault lines, and many regions experience dozens of tiny earthquakes every day. If you move to the state, you’ll likely live within 30 miles of an active fault zone. Additionally, many Californians are anxiously awaiting the next “Big One,” which is predicted to occur along the southern section of the San Andreas Fault and would likely be devastating.
There have been 16 notable earthquakes since 2010, with the most recent being the Ferndale quake in 2022. The California State Government offers an interactive map that shows all fault lines in the state, along with cities at risk. If you’re planning on moving to California and want to avoid areas at risk of shaking, use this map to help.
How to prepare for earthquakes in California
Earthquakes are irregular but destructive and can cause significant damage to structures, utilities, and water systems. Main shocks can last for minutes, while aftershocks can last for years. They can also strike suddenly, at any time, with only seconds of warning, so preparing your home is critical. Here are a few tips to help:
Purchase earthquake insurance to cover some losses in the event of a quake. This is a separate policy that you purchase in addition to regular homeowners’ insurance. It’s also available to renters.
Download the MyShake App and make sure you have a durable, charged communication device in case of an emergency.
If you rent, ask your landlord about the building’s seismic history.
Practice drop, cover, and hold on, so you are ready when a quake hits.
Keep your emergency kit stocked, updated, and accessible.
Anchor heavy items to the wall, strap down expensive electronics, and secure small valuables.
Brace your water heater according to state law
Ensure your gas lines have flexible connections.
If you live in a house built before 1980, it will likely need to be retrofitted. Don’t do this yourself; hire a seismic retrofitting professional.
If you live near the coast, you should also prepare for a possible tsunami following an earthquake. Understand your evacuation routes and be on the watch for official warnings.
Final thoughts on natural disasters in California
California’s climate is known as the land of extremes. Winter storms, summer heat, earthquakes, landslides, drought, wind, and more make it a varied and unpredictable place to live. While it has historically been one of the top migration destinations, recently, it’s a state many people are moving out of (partly due to the high cost of living in coastal cities). Because of this, the state’s population has declined by over 1.5% since 2020.
If you’re considering moving to California or already call the Golden State home, make sure you’re prepared for natural disasters and long-term weather events. Understanding your risks and adequately preparing are helpful to make the most out of living in California. The National Weather Service also offers an experimental map that shows all forecasted risks for the upcoming seven days.
Lastly, many natural disasters are worsened by climate change.So no matter how you prepare, reducing your carbon footprint and fighting for systemic change are the best long-term solutions.
This article is for informational purposes only. Individual results may vary. This is not intended as a substitute for the services of a licensed and bonded home services or disaster prevention professional. Always seek expert advice and follow all official guidance before, during, and after a disaster.
The chasm runs the full length of the condominium complex, from the shuttered tennis court to the shuttered pool. Measuring more than 500 feet long and 20 feet wide, the gash divides the complex in two, its weed-choked perimeter cordoned off with chain-link fencing. A grimy trickle of water oozes along the chasm’s concrete floor a dozen feet below, like some ugly open wound that just won’t heal.
Welcome to Coyote Village, a 70-unit condo complex in suburban La Habra whose residents have been living out a homeowner’s nightmare. Over the last four years, portions of the tree-lined greenbelt that once shaded the complex have violently collapsed into a concrete maw below. That’s because, unbeknownst to most residents, the greenbelt wasn’t built on solid earth. Running beneath it is a cavernous flood channel that decades ago was sealed with a concrete lid then topped with mounds of soil and landscaped with pine trees.
The first collapse of the concealed lid came in January 2019, when a section of the greenbelt near the tennis court caved in, exposing the flood channel below. The second implosion came in March, when heavy winter rains saturated the greenbelt and the concrete lid couldn’t handle the weight of the soggy soil and towering pines. This time, the collapse took out a huge swath of the greenbelt near the community pool.
Advertisement
Most residents were shocked to learn that their complex was built on top of a private canal that plugs into Orange County’s larger Imperial Channel, which routes storm water out of La Habra, Brea and Fullerton. It stood as the only covered private channel in the county’s 380-mile public storm drain system.
And that “private” designation is where the residents’ encountered another chasm, in the form of a years-long legal battle.
After the 2019 collapse, the county did some cleanup work at the site and provided security fencing around the exposed portion of the channel. Following the March 15 collapse, La Habra brought in construction crews to excavate the channel, which at that point was clogged with dirt, tree limbs and concrete that the city worried would create a damming effect in the broader drainage system during future storms.
But the city’s work stopped there.
La Habra officials have argued since the first collapse that the channel belongs to the complex. And worse, that the channel’s concrete lid had been improperly covered with a breadth of landscaping that violated what had been approved in the city permitting process. According to the city, the homeowners association that represents Coyote Village is responsible for repairing and rebuilding the channel.
The Coyote Village Homeowners Assn. has challenged that stance in a running legal battle, started in 2020, contending the channel is integral to a larger public system and was damaged by public use without just compensation. It has sued the city, the county and the county flood control district, among others, for relief.
“While the conduit runs through the HOA property, the water is public,” said John Peterson, an attorney representing the homeowners group. “The public needs to share in the responsibilities.”
Advertisement
State Sen. Josh Newman, a Democrat whose district encompasses La Habra, tried to broker a solution last summer and was able to secure $8.5 million in state funding to repair the flood channel. “The residents were wholly unprepared and financially unequipped to deal with this,” Newman said. “I was happy to secure those funds.”
But a year later, that money remains unspent.
La Habra initially questioned the propriety of expenditure, asking the state Atty. General’s Office if the allocation could be considered an improper gift of public funds. The state’s Legislative Counsel determined it was not. In the months since, the city and homeowners association have haggled over who would run the major construction project, with the HOA concerned it does not have the expertise and city officials reluctant to take charge of repairs on a canal they consider private property.
Residents have watched in a mix of frustration and resignation as the saga has unfolded.
Jan Duncan, an HOA board member, said she put her Coyote Village loft on the market in June and received six offers the first week. Then came questions about the flood channel and why it hasn’t been fixed in four years. In short order, every offer was rescinded.
“I cannot give buyers anything in writing to guarantee that this is going to be resolved,” she said. “Without that, they’re uncomfortable. I can’t blame them.”
Justin Marinello is among the parents in the complex who worry about the safety risk the exposed channel poses for children. His condo looks out on the gritty channel and his 4-year-old son had a front-row view of the city’s excavation work after the March collapse.
“My son enjoyed watching the construction because he likes giant Tonka toys playing with dirt,” Marinello said. “But it would be nice to be able to open the door up and just have some grass for him to run on.”
On the other side of the chasm, Lizeth Ruiz knew about the exposed channel when she moved to her condo in 2019 but figured it would be quickly repaired. Instead, she finds herself fending off mosquitoes that breed in the canal’s dingy water. “Now, I keep everything closed and have to be more mindful about wearing pants instead of shorts,” Ruiz said, holding her newborn baby tight.
As the summer heat soars, the concrete channel is lined with dry weeds that rise taller than the 6-foot safety fencing. The channel itself is defaced with graffiti. Residents continue to pay $390 in monthly homeowners fees even though the channel’s collapse has sidelined amenities like the tennis court and pool.
It marks a wrenching chapter in the life of a property with an eccentric history.
In mid-century La Habra, a ranch owner flooded a portion of the area to create a lake and islet, deemed “Monkey Island,” where he let feral monkeys roam free. He also eyed the land for a track that would host ostrich races. At the time, ostrich farms were a popular tourist attraction in Orange County.
Later, the lake was drained and La Habra city leaders opted to go a development direction they considered more forward-thinking, erecting a shopping plaza and post office on the site.
In 1978, developer Loren Hendrix proposed an adjacent 70-unit condominium complex, when such communities were still novel in Orange County as an affordable alternative to single-family homes. Without yards to maintain, he envisioned residents being able to stroll along a landscaped creek — a dressed-up version of the flood control channel that crossed the property — as a key selling point.
But Hendrix faced stiff questions from city staff about how he planned to protect children from hazards posed by the channel-turned-creek. Archival records show the county flood control district rejected Hendrix’s creek design. The district recommended design changes Hendrix considered too costly. Instead, the complex would host an enclosed flood channel masked with landscaping.
La Habra City Council members approved the development in April 1979 on the condition that Hendrix’s design be approved by the city’s chief building inspector and the county flood control district. A year later, the building inspector wrote that the complex was “substantially in compliance” with applicable codes. It’s not clear in county records whether the flood control district ever approved the design.
In any case, the condo development and greenbelt were built. And for 40 years, storm runoff flowed through the underground channel unbeknownst to most residents until the 2019 collapse.
La Habra city officials say the cave-ins are more about what was built on top of the channel than what lies below.
Deputy City Atty. Gary Kranker contends that at the time of the 2019 collapse the soil piled above the channel ran 9 feet deep — 6 feet more than the greenbelt design approved by the city — and that the pine trees that by then stood 80 feet tall contributed to the channel lid’s failure.
“It’s the obligation of the individual constructing the channel, or in this case, the channel roof, to make sure it was done properly,” he said. “Based upon the calculations that we have, it would have been done properly had it only had 3 feet of soil.”
And he faults the homeowners association for failing to take aggressive action to alleviate the risks between the first cave-in and the implosion in March. “To be quite candid, [they] did not do anything to try and alleviate this condition,” he said. “They could have hired someone to remove the soil, one wheelbarrow at a time.”
Last year, the homeowners association sued Hendrix, the complex developer, for fraud. The complaint alleged that he concealed the channel and any maintenance responsibilities from the association so he could sell condos “more quickly and at higher prices.” Peterson, the association’s attorney, said a settlement agreement compels Hendrix to find the insurance policies that covered the development and assign the rights over to the association.
Hendrix did not respond to requests for comment through his attorney.
Last week, representatives for the city and homeowners association said they were closing in on an agreement for moving forward with repairs that would free up the $8.5 million in state funding. Once a resolution is reached, the canal’s reconstruction is expected to take at least a year.
Roma Damo, who has lived at Coyote Village for 35 years, doesn’t see much light at the end of the tunnel — or flood channel, in her case.
“I’m seriously thinking about renting this condo out and getting myself an apartment,” said Damo, 88, eyeing the degraded channel outside her condo windows. “I don’t want to spend the rest of my life here looking at this.”
Every American Airlines plane flies for hundreds of hours, carrying thousands of passengers for miles across the globe. But after a while, even the most reliable aircraft needs a break. For some of them, that break comes at a sprawling 3.3 million-square-foot facility in Tulsa, Oklahoma.
Functioning as its own ecosystem within Tulsa, this facility’s various hangars and warehouses are where the airline’s planes are picked apart. Seats and engines are refurbished. Exteriors are repainted to sport red, white and blue stripes along the tail fins.
These are only some of the many tasks that occur in this spacious, maze-like facility. Hangars upon hangars stretch across the massive property by a National Guard base and an Amazon warehouse.
Want more airline-specific news? Sign up for TPG’s free biweekly Aviation newsletter.
“It’s like a city within a city,” Barbara Cruz, a store supervisor at American’s Tulsa facility, said.
Thousands of American planes have gone through Tulsa since 1946, when the Fort Worth-based carrier relocated its maintenance base from LaGuardia Airport (LGA) to the old oil capital following World War II.
The base — a major hub for American’s maintenance operations — now has about 4,800 employees and claims to be one of the largest commercial aviation bases in the world.
At any given time, the facility can hold up to 20 narrow-body aircraft in its hangars; 800 commercial planes pass through it annually.
In 2020, American unveiled plans to invest $550 million in the Tulsa base to construct a new wide-body hangar and make improvements to each building in the facility. The new hangar should’ve begun taking shape in early 2021, but its construction start date was pushed back due to the coronavirus pandemic. It will be able to hold two wide-body (or about six narrow-body) aircraft at a time.
Reward your inbox with the TPG Daily newsletter
Join over 700,000 readers for breaking news, in-depth guides and exclusive deals from TPG’s experts.
Despite the renovation delays, the Tulsa base serves as an important destination for many American aircraft. It handles every bit of maintenance for a plane, from cleaning out toilets to inspecting engines.
Boeing 737s and 777s are the jets that primarily make their rounds in Tulsa. The aircraft either go through heavy, routine or unscheduled maintenance in a process that’s similar to surgery.
“We document all the findings,” Ed Sangricco, the managing director at the Tulsa base, said. “We go in, and we fix all those findings. We close the airplane, we put it back together again, and then we check everything — we make sure everything works.”
While the pandemic halted travel and grounded planes worldwide, that didn’t stop the maintenance technicians, engineers, managers and supervisors in Tulsa. American’s aircraft technicians were tasked with maintaining roughly 100 aircraft already at the base to prevent corrosion (and to stop weeds and birds from infesting the crevices of the planes). That meant remote work wasn’t an option for the employees at the Tulsa base.
Airlines received billions of dollars from the federal government during the pandemic partly to keep their fleets in tip-top shape, so they would be ready when travel demand returned.
“Maintenance requirements don’t stop during COVID-19,” Sangricco said.
Related: 6 incredible facts about the Boeing 777
What it takes to maintain a plane
Maintaining a commercial plane is a complicated process. Hearing all the steps to ensure an aircraft is running smoothly — all over the course of an eight-hour tour — was similar to taking a college crash course in physics and engineering.
Aircraft maintenance is heavily governed by the Federal Aviation Administration, which has a set list of requirements and deadlines for every plane component. Every record chronicling the maintenance of an aircraft needs to be preserved to be in compliance with the FAA, according to Roger Steele, a supervisor at the Tulsa facility who specializes in 737 narrow-body maintenance.
So, document holders containing slips of paper that detail every task from the FAA line two walls of an office within a 737 hangar at the Tulsa base.
At the start of a visit, a 737 narrow-body will undergo about 1,200 required tasks — excluding non-routine inspections — before it can fly again.
The Tulsa facility is never quiet. Throughout my tour of the maintenance site, I could hear constant drilling noises and the occasional thunderous engines of a National Guard plane taking off a couple of miles away as Steele explained the ins and outs of narrow-body maintenance.
The 737 I saw in the hangar had already been stripped down, as it was in its fifth day of maintenance. (The crew at American has around 25 days to completely finish work on the plane.)
The seats, the walls and the flooring were completely gutted from the aircraft. All that was left inside were gray insulation bags on all sides, which made the 737 look more like a cave than a plane.
Inside, technicians were already hard at work. One was by the plane’s back door, critically documenting what parts had been affected by corrosion.
While several areas can suffer from corrosion, a plane’s galleys and lavatories are the most susceptible to corrosion and environmental damage, as moisture from toilets and soft drinks wear down the interior.
“What coffee and soda pop can do to an aircraft after humans consume it is very corrosive,” Steele joked.
Once the technician documented the damage, the next step was determining what parts needed reinforcement. One piece of metal in the galley suffered from corrosion, so the technician sanded the area and recorded its remaining structural thickness.
Like the maintenance process itself, refurbishing an aircraft is anything but glamorous. At the Tulsa base, the majority of hangars and buildings have no air conditioning, leaving most of the workers stuck toying away at engines and aircraft in the sweltering summer heat.
When I toured the site, it was already a muggy 90 degrees, but Tulsa summers can soar well into the 100s during the season’s peak.
For some, the day starts early. Robert Bales, a maintenance technician who works on wide-body half galleys, normally wakes up at 5 a.m. for his 6:30 a.m. shift.
Each technician works around 8 1/2 hours. Much of the schedule, specifically for cabin work, is determined by the crew chief and the needs of the aircraft.
Before someone can start working at the facility as a technician, they must undergo significant training.
Gabriel Figueroa Navedo, another wide-body aircraft technician, said he went to trade school to receive an FAA-issued aircraft technician license. There, Navedo — who first started his career managing reservations and bookings for American — learned extensively about topics like hydraulics and electricity.
However, Navedo said many of those skills do not directly apply to his day-to-day job. Instead, the training provided a general knowledge of planes.
“I like to call it a license to learn,” Navedo said, “because it’s got to cover stuff like small propeller engines, and the FAA doesn’t know if you’re gonna work here, or if you’re gonna be working on your own private plane.”
Related: What it’s really like at flight attendant training
Even the seats and toilets need a makeover
When an aircraft’s seats need refreshing, the plane goes to a different warehouse, where the seats get disassembled. During this process, technicians tend to find all sorts of trash underneath, including gum, candy, pills, credit cards, cellphones and iPads.
“You’re gonna find no telling what,” Brent Strickland, a supervisor who primarily works on Boeing 777s and 787s, said.
Strickland said he has even found false teeth and engagement rings inside the seats.
After removing the various items passengers leave behind, the seats are washed and left to dry. Then, the technicians check the hardware for any damage.
Cushions are changed about every six years, according to Strickland, and it only takes two to three days to completely finish a seat.
It’s not just the seats that need refurbishing during maintenance — the toilets also get picked apart. The waste tanks are cleaned out, and the flushes are inspected by another team of technicians dedicated to toilet maintenance. Strickland described those team members as “another one of those unsung heroes.”
Dee West, a technician, cleaned out a water valve during my tour, closely inspecting the valve under the scope of a flashlight before carefully reassembling the three parts and a spring in the pipe.
“It ain’t no joke,” he said. “It’s gotta be done right.”
One mistake by a toilet technician could be costly for the airline, as each toilet costs $17,000.
Perhaps surprisingly, this area of focus is one of the more desirable on the Tulsa base, according to an American spokesperson. That’s because it’s one of the few jobs workers can do inside an air-conditioned building — providing a reprieve from the otherwise hot and muggy weather Tulsa experiences every summer.
Engines, windows and other plane parts also get a makeover, depending on the aircraft’s maintenance schedule. This includes the fans and combustive parts of the engine, which the staff works on separately in “cold” and “hot” rooms within another hangar, respectively.
Blue lines on the walls demarcate the “cold” parts of the room, whereas painted yellow lines indicate the “hot” area.
Staff members also inspect some parts of the engine by soaking them in a fluorescent lime-green liquid to magnify which parts need to be reinforced.
Whenever parts like the wings and the radome — located at the tip of the plane — need a lift, they are sent to a composite center. There, they get reinforced with materials such as carbon fiber and a honeycomb web made from materials like aluminum.
“[It’s] poetry in motion,” Jody King, a composite repair center crew chief at American’s composite repair center, said when referring to the process of fitting the materials onto parts of the aircraft.
The reason this complex web of maintenance is even possible is because American’s site also has a warehouse containing thousands of parts and stickers. These parts are either shipped to other hangars in Tulsa or to airports and third-party services that need to do maintenance on an aircraft.
Related: Take a look inside Air New Zealand’s unique cabin innovation laboratory
Gearing up to fly again
Before a plane is ready to fly again, the landing gear — the wheels on the plane, in layman’s terms — must be checked, and the exterior must be repainted and rewaxed.
You may not notice the gargantuan size of planes since you typically only see them from afar in the sky or through the windows of an airport. However, were you to see one up close, you’d be struck by the size.
The landing gear alone measures at least 21 feet tall, roughly the equivalent of four people my height (I’m around 5 feet, 4 inches) standing on top of one another.
The wings also feel so vast it almost seems impossible that workers can repaint them by hand in a matter of days; the team uses foam rollers and brushes, according to Jeff Green, a shared services supervisor.
Once the plane completes its maintenance maze in Tulsa, it’s ready to return to the skies and fly to hundreds of destinations. Later, it’ll likely touch down in Tulsa yet again to go through the same routine.
Are you dreaming of owning a piece of the American Southwest? Arizona, with its vibrant desert landscapes, sunny weather, and diverse cultural attractions, offers an irresistible allure for those seeking a new place to call home. However, before embarking on this exciting journey, it’s essential to understand the homebuying process specific to the Grand Canyon State. From navigating local regulations and financial considerations to finding your perfect abode in a downtown Phoenix condo or a serene house in Gilbert, this Redfin article will serve as your comprehensive guide to buying a house in Arizona.
So, fasten your seatbelts as we explore the steps, intricacies, and tips to make your Arizona homebuying experience smooth and successful.
What’s it like to live in Arizona?
With its year-round sunshine and warm climate, Arizonans enjoy an outdoor-centric lifestyle by hiking, golfing, and exploring the vast desert landscapes. The state is also home to several renowned national parks and monuments, including the breathtaking Grand Canyon and the stunning red rocks of Sedona, providing endless opportunities for adventure and exploration. Arizona is also known for its intense summer heat, and protecting yourself and your property when living there is essential. Check out this article to learn more about the pros and cons of living in Arizona.
Arizona housing market insights
The Arizona housing market is experiencing some notable trends and shifts. The median sale price currently stands at $436,100, showing a 6.2% decrease compared to the previous year. Several cities in Arizona have emerged as competitive real estate markets, including Pinetop, Flagstaff, and Cottonwood. Popular cities in the Phoenix area, such as Scottsdale, Chandler, and Gilbert, are also witnessing significant growth and attracting prospective homebuyers. However, the housing supply in Arizona has decreased by 4.7% year-over-year, indicating a tightening market. These data points suggest a dynamic and evolving housing market in Arizona, with fluctuating prices, competitive cities, and limited supply, all of which have implications for buyers.
Finding your perfect location in Arizona
For several reasons, selecting the perfect location for buying a house in Arizona is vital. First and foremost, Arizona offers diverse landscapes and communities, each with its unique charm and amenities. By carefully considering your desired location, you can align your lifestyle preferences with the area’s offerings. Additionally, the location of your home greatly impacts factors such as commuting time, access to essential services, quality of schools, proximity to recreational opportunities, and potential appreciation of property value over time.
If you’re unsure where to start, using tools like a cost of living calculator can help you determine what cities are within your budget. We’ve put together a glimpse of the five popular cities, so you can get an idea.
#1: Tucson, AZ
Median home price: $330,000 Tucson, AZ homes for sale
Moving to Tucson offers a unique and vibrant experience that blends desert beauty, cultural richness, and a relaxed atmosphere. Outdoor enthusiasts can delve into the picturesque trails of Saguaro National Park, embark on invigorating hikes or bike rides in the nearby Catalina Mountains, or indulge in a round of golf on world-class courses. Embracing its rich cultural heritage, Tucson boasts a thriving arts scene featuring captivating museums, art galleries, and the renowned Tucson Gem and Mineral Show. While the cost of living in Tucson exceeds the national average by 4%, there are affordable Tucson suburbs, ensuring a balance between cost-effectiveness and access to the city’s attractions.
#2: Mesa, AZ
Median home price: $440,000 Mesa, AZ homes for sale
As the third-largest city in Arizona, Mesa is known for its suburban neighborhoods, well-maintained parks, and outdoor activities. Moving to Mesa, you’ll enjoy over 300 days of sunshine each year, making it ideal for outdoor enthusiasts. Explore the nearby Superstition Mountains, go hiking or biking in Usery Mountain Regional Park, or enjoy water sports at the nearby Saguaro Lake. Mesa also offers a rich cultural scene, with attractions such as the Mesa Arts Center, which hosts a variety of performances, exhibits, and festivals throughout the year.
#3: Phoenix, AZ
Median home price: $439,950 Phoenix, AZ homes for sale
Known as the Valley of the Sun, Phoenix is a bustling metropolis with a thriving economy, vibrant culture, and many amenities. With a move to Phoenix, residents can enjoy an abundance of sunshine throughout the year, allowing for a wide range of outdoor activities such as hiking, golfing, and exploring the scenic desert landscapes. Phoenix is home to major sports teams, including the Phoenix Suns and the Arizona Diamondbacks, offering exciting opportunities for sports enthusiasts. Additionally, if you’re looking for affordable Phoenix suburbs, several options provide a more budget-friendly housing market while offering access to the city’s amenities.
#4: Flagstaff, AZ
Median home price: $645,000 Flagstaff, AZ homes for sale
Flagstaff enjoys all four seasons, attracting residents who revel in the mesmerizing hues of autumn, the snowy winters that offer thrilling skiing and snowboarding opportunities at Arizona Snowbowl, and the mild summers perfect for hiking and camping. If you’re a lover of stars, moving to Flagstaff will grant you the chance to experience the Lowell Observatory, where residents can delve into the wonders of the night sky. It’s worth noting that the cost of living in Flagstaff is 14% higher than the National Average. Still, the city’s unique offerings and natural beauty make it a worthwhile investment for those seeking an exceptional living experience.
#5: Scottsdale, AZ
Median home price: $830,000 Scottsdale, AZ homes for sale
Scottsdale is renowned for its world-class resorts, spas, and golf courses, attracting visitors and residents seeking relaxation and indulgence. Scottsdale’s Old Town showcases a charming blend of historic charm and modern sophistication with its trendy boutiques, art galleries, and renowned dining establishments. Moving to Scottsdale can be expensive, with the cost of living exceeding the national average by 13%. If you want to stay on a budget, there are affordable suburbs outside downtown.
The homebuying process in Arizona
If the allure of Arizona has swept you away, and you have your heart set on a specific city or neighborhood, it’s time to dive into the homebuying process.
1. Prioritize your finances
Getting your finances in order is crucial when buying a house in Arizona. You can position yourself for a smooth and successful homebuying journey with careful financial planning and preparation. Start by assessing your credit score and addressing any issues to ensure you qualify for favorable loan terms. Next, determine your budget and calculate how much you can comfortably afford, considering factors like down payment, closing costs, and monthly mortgage payments. Using tools like an affordability calculator can help you determine your budget.
Various programs are available for first-time homebuyers in Arizona, including the Pathway to Purchase, which can assist with up to $20,000 in down payment and closing cost assistance.
2. Get pre-approved from a lender
Securing a pre-approval when buying a home in Arizona can provide numerous advantages. By obtaining pre-approval from a reputable lender, you clearly understand your financial standing and borrowing capacity. This knowledge empowers you to set a realistic budget, ensuring you focus on homes within your price range. Pre-approval also enhances your credibility as a buyer, demonstrating to sellers that you are serious and financially qualified.
3. Connect with a local agent in Arizona
Working with a local agent during the homebuying process in Arizona is of utmost importance. Local agents possess invaluable knowledge and expertise specific to the Arizona real estate market, which can significantly benefit buyers. They are well-versed in the intricacies of different neighborhoods, market trends, and pricing dynamics across the state. So whether you need a real estate agent in Tucson or an agent in Phoenix, they’re here to help.
4. Start touring homes
When touring homes in Arizona, keep a discerning eye and consider key factors that can influence your decision. First, pay attention to the home’s location and neighborhood. Consider proximity to schools, amenities, and commute times to ensure it aligns with your lifestyle. Assess the property’s condition, checking for any signs of wear, structural issues, or potential maintenance needs. Look for natural lighting, functional layouts, and ample storage space that meet your requirements.
5. Make the offer
The offer is a critical aspect of the homebuying process in Arizona, carrying significant weight in determining whether your dream home becomes a reality. Crafting a strong offer is essential to stand out in a competitive market. Consider the listing price, property condition, and local market trends to determine a fair and competitive offer. Your offer should include the purchase price, contingencies, and desired timelines for inspections, financing, and closing.
6. Close on the house
The closing process is a pivotal moment in the homebuying process in Arizona, where all the necessary paperwork is finalized, and ownership of the property is transferred. It’s a critical step that requires careful attention to detail and a thorough review of the closing documents. During the closing, you will sign various legal documents, including the mortgage, deed, and other necessary paperwork. It’s essential to carefully review and understand these documents before signing to ensure you know the terms and obligations.
If you’re new to the process and still have questions, Redfin is here to help. The First-Time Homebuyer Guide goes into more detail about each step in the homebuying process.
Factors to consider when buying a house in Arizona
Due to Arizona’s geographical location, there are distinct factors to consider when buying a home.
Climate and weather
When buying a house in Arizona, it is crucial to consider the climate and weather, as well as the impact climate change is having in the state. Arizona offers a diverse range of climates, with hot summers exceeding 100 degrees Fahrenheit (38 degrees Celsius) in desert areas like Phoenix and Tucson. These cities are also known for their mild and pleasant winters, attracting snowbirds and retired individuals seeking warmer temperatures. On the other hand, the northern parts of the state, including Flagstaff and Sedona, provide a cooler and more moderate climate, with snowy winters and comfortable summers. Homebuyers must take into account their preferences and tolerance for extreme heat or cold when selecting a location within Arizona.
Additionally, the state’s unique desert climate presents both advantages and challenges. Efficient cooling systems and proper insulation are necessary to combat the intense summer heat, while the dry weather increases the risk of drought and wildfires, prompting homeowners to consider shade availability, outdoor living spaces, and landscaping options to mitigate the sun’s impact.
Dual agency
Arizona allows for dual agency in real estate transactions, which refers to a real estate agent representing both the buyer and the seller in the same transaction. In dual agency, the agent acts as a neutral intermediary, facilitating the transaction and ensuring a fair process for both parties. However, it’s important to note that dual agency requires all parties’ informed consent.
Buying a house in Arizona: Bottom line
Navigating the homebuying process in Arizona requires careful consideration and strategic decision-making. From understanding the importance of location to getting finances in order, securing pre-approval, and working with local agents, each step plays a vital role in achieving a successful and satisfying home purchase. By being well-informed, proactive, and adaptable, homebuyers can confidently navigate the Arizona real estate landscape and find their perfect place to call home in this beautiful southwestern state.
Buying a house in Arizona FAQ
What are the requirements for buying a home in Arizona?
To start it off, a down payment is necessary, although the specific amount can vary depending on factors such as the loan type and lender requirements. A good credit score is also crucial, with a minimum score of around 620 often preferred for conventional loans. Income and employment verification is required to demonstrate the ability to repay the mortgage. Lenders assess the debt-to-income ratio to ensure borrowers can manage their monthly payments. It is advisable to conduct a property appraisal and home inspection to determine the value and condition of the property.
What is a typical down payment on a house in Arizona?
A typical down payment on a house in Arizona can vary depending on various factors. Generally, it ranges from 3% to 20% of the purchase price. The percentage often depends on the loan type, lender requirements, and the borrower’s financial situation. For conventional loans, a down payment of around 20% is ideal for avoiding private mortgage insurance (PMI). However, options are available for lower down payment percentages, such as 3% or 5%, particularly for first-time homebuyers or through government-backed loan programs like FHA loans.
What credit score do I need to buy a house in Arizona?
When buying a house in Arizona, the credit score requirement can vary depending on the type of loan and the lender’s criteria. Generally, a good credit score is preferred to qualify for favorable mortgage terms. A minimum credit score of around 620 or higher is typically required for conventional loans. However, loan programs, such as FHA loans, offer more flexibility and can accommodate borrowers with lower credit scores, sometimes as low as 580. It’s important to note that a higher credit score generally improves your chances of securing a mortgage with competitive interest rates and favorable terms.
Welcome to the ultimate guide for anyone considering a move to the lively city of Chicago. Moving to Chicago can be thrilling and overwhelming, but fear not – Redfin has you covered. Whether you’re drawn to the mesmerizing skyline, the deep-dish pizza, or the rich cultural scene, you should know some crucial things before calling the Windy City your new home. From navigating the diverse neighborhoods to understanding the unpredictable weather, we’ll equip you with valuable insights to ensure a smooth transition. So, whether you’re moving into your new studio apartment in Chicago or your new house in the city, buckle up and get ready to uncover the essential tips and tricks to make your move to Chicago an unforgettable experience.
1. The cost of living is high
One of the most crucial things to know before moving to Chicago is the the high cost of living in Chicago. The expenses in Chicago can be steep. In fact, the cost of living is 19% higher than the national average. Housing costs in particular are 50% more than the national average and tend to be most expensive in desirable neighborhoods like the Loop, River North, or Lincoln Park. Additionally, everyday expenses such as groceries, transportation, and healthcare are generally pricier in the city. When planning a budget for living in Chicago, it’s essential to consider these factors. Additionally, it’s worth noting that the farther you venture outside the city, the more affordable suburbs you’ll discover.
2. There is a great sense of community in the city
From vibrant neighborhood festivals and local initiatives to a rich tapestry of cultural diversity, the city fosters a welcoming atmosphere that creates lasting connections and a shared sense of belonging.
“What sets Chicago apart is its remarkable sense of community, where people come together, support one another, and create lasting connections,” says Jodie Baudek from Essence of Life Chicago, an integrative wellness company. “If you plan to make this city your home, research and find the neighborhood that resonates with your spirit. That’s where you’ll discover your tribe, your people, and the place where you’ll truly thrive.”
3. Chicago is a food lover’s paradise
The city is renowned for its deep-dish pizza, an iconic staple that has gained worldwide recognition. However, Chicago’s food offerings extend far beyond pizza, and it’s great to know before you move to there. From neighborhood hot dog stands to Michelin-starred restaurants, the city boasts a plethora of culinary delights that cater to every palate. With its rich cultural heritage, Chicago showcases an incredible variety of international cuisines, including Italian, Mexican, Chinese, Indian, and more. The city is also known for its bustling food markets, such as the famous Chicago French Market and the revitalized Chicago Riverwalk, where visitors can savor artisanal foods and local specialties.
4. You’ll find many charming neighborhoods
Chicago neighborhoods are brimming with charm and offer a unique blend of history, culture, and community. From the vibrant and artistic Avalon Park to the picturesque and diverse South Shore, these southern neighborhoods showcase architectural gems, local eateries, and vibrant street life, making them a must-visit for anyone seeking an authentic Chicago experience.
Abbey Brown, a local soap artisan shares, “Walking, biking, and an easy commute by bus or train are how we roll here in Chicago. Once here, make your way to find creative neighborhoods with architectural delights. Each area has specialty shops, unique flavors, and experiences that will draw you in perfectly, making Chicago your home base.”
If you’re in the Beverly neighborhood, start your south-side adventure at the 99th and Wood Street stations district. First stop, fill your belly with the succulent South Side Short Rib Grilled Cheese from Afro Joes’. Next, head straight to the award-winning Five-Star Cakewalk Chicago flagship store, where baking enthusiasts can find essential supplies for mixing up delicious traditions and classes from Chef Lori to elevate your skills.
5. There are hidden gems throughout the city’s architecture
Chicago’s architecture is a stunning testament to the city’s rich history and innovative spirit. From the iconic skyscrapers of the Loop to the grandeur of Frank Lloyd Wright’s designs, Chicago’s architectural landscape is a breathtaking blend of classic elegance and bold modernity.
“Chicago is known for its architecture, but less known is that many of the historic buildings have lobbies open to the public,” says Chicago Private Tours and Productions. “This includes the restored-to-1890s Monadnock Building and the Frank Lloyd Wright-designed atrium of the Rookery Building. Inside the Chicago Athletic Association Hotel lobby, you can easily imagine the wealthy elite drinking Scotch by the fireplaces while they divide the city.”
6. Sports are a huge part of Chicago life
If you’re a sports enthusiast, Chicago is for you. The city is home to several iconic franchises, including the Chicago Cubs and the Chicago White Sox in Major League Baseball, the Chicago Bears in the National Football League, the Chicago Bulls in the National Basketball Association, and the Chicago Blackhawks in the National Hockey League. Whether you’re a baseball, football, basketball, or hockey fan, there is a Chicago team to cheer on. The city’s sports culture is deeply ingrained, and attending a game at one of the historic venues, such as Wrigley Field or Soldier Field, is an experience unlike any other.
7. Chicago is a hub for car enthusiasts
With its bustling auto scene and many automotive events, Chicago is a haven for car enthusiasts. From the annual Chicago Auto Show, showcasing the latest models and innovations, to the thriving car culture and regular meetups, the city offers an exciting haven for those passionate about all things automotive.
“For automotive enthusiasts, you’ll be pleased to know that Chicago offers a thriving car culture,” shares Matt Farnsworth from Vintage Ltd., a men’s motorsport apparel company. “You’ll find numerous car clubs, auto shows, and events throughout the year, including the renowned Chicago Auto Show held annually at McCormick Place. Additionally, this year’s NASCAR race will be held in downtown Chicago, providing an exciting opportunity for racing fans to experience the thrill of high-speed action in the city’s heart.”
8. You’ll find the city full of robust history and culture
Chicago’s rich history, from trading post to innovative industry hub, contributes to its robust and captivating legacy. Renowned architecture, world-class museums, thriving music and theater scenes—all contribute to the vibrant cultural legacy of the city.
The Firehouse Dream, a local space for BIPOC creatives, shares, “As a community-centered organization, the robust history and culture is important to know before moving to Chicago. As a diverse city, it provides various cultural experiences through food, art, and community-led projects that bring awareness to each neighborhood, like Humboldt Park, Bronzeville, Chinatown, and more. Consider how you can use food, music, and activities to learn more about all the beautiful culture here.”
9. The weather can be hard to adjust to
The weather in Chicago is famously unpredictable, with rapid changes that can occur within hours. Chicago’s weather demands preparedness year-round as residents and visitors face sudden temperature drops, snowstorms, heatwaves, and thunderstorms.
When you’re ready to beat the summer heat or take a break from the bitter cold, take a sweet retreat at Sat Nam Yoga. Located just 10 minutes west of the hustle and bustle of the lake and shopping district, this quiet oasis provides a perfect escape. Check out a yoga class or sound bath to take a rest at this popular Chicago healing sanctuary.
10. There are various housing options available
Chicago offers diverse housing options to suit different preferences and budgets. From high-rise apartments in the downtown area to charming brownstones in historic neighborhoods like Lincoln Park and Lake View, there are options for everyone in Chicago. Suburban areas surrounding the city provide spacious single-family homes and townhouses, ideal for families or those seeking a quieter lifestyle. Moreover, the city has witnessed a rise in contemporary and upscale apartment complexes, offering amenities like concierge services.
11. Plenty of efficient public transportation can be found
Chicago boasts a robust and efficient public transportation system that caters to the needs of its residents. The city’s trains, buses, and options for commuters create a reliable transportation network covering neighborhoods and suburbs conveniently. The iconic ‘L’ train system, operated by the Chicago Transit Authority (CTA), serves as the backbone of the city’s public transit, connecting downtown with various corners of the metropolis. Commuters can easily navigate the city using color-coded train lines, which provide quick and affordable transportation. Apart from the train system, an extensive bus network covers nearly all city areas, providing flexible options. The Metra rail system provides reliable service for those commuting from the suburbs, connecting downtown Chicago with the surrounding areas.
12. There are plenty of parks and beautiful viewpoints
With stunning parks and captivating viewpoints, the Windy City provides residents and visitors a picturesque escape from urban bustle. The city is renowned for its expansive lakefront, boasting a series of interconnected parks along Lake Michigan. Millennium Park’s iconic Cloud Gate sculpture, known as “The Bean,” and Grant Park’s serene Buckingham Fountain offer endless opportunities. The Lincoln Park and Garfield Park Conservatories display breathtaking botanicals, while the Chicago Riverwalk offers a scenic pathway with gardens. With its abundance of green spaces, iconic landmarks, and breathtaking viewpoints, Chicago has a lot to offer.