The information provided on this website does not, and is not intended to, act as legal, financial or credit advice. See Lexington Law’s editorial disclosure for more information.
Try to pay your credit card bill on or before the due date as often as possible. The due date is usually 20 to 25 days after your billing cycle ends.
Paying your credit card early can improve your credit. After your statement closes, your credit card issuer reports your balance to the main three credit bureaus (Equifax®, Experian® and TransUnion®). Paying your bill early lowers your overall balance, so the bureaus will see you using less credit in total.
If you’re wondering, “When should I pay my credit card bill?” know that it’s always best to pay as early as possible. According to the FICO® credit scoring model, credit utilization makes up 30 percent of your score. We’ll explain the factors that affect credit in more detail below and answer common questions about when to pay off your balances.
Key takeaways:
Making at least the minimum payment is good for your credit health.
Payment history and credit utilization make up 65 percent of your FICO credit score together.
Credit card grace periods usually last up to 25 days after a billing cycle ends.
Table of contents:
Why should I pay my credit card early?
To understand how paying a bill early could raise your score, you need to understand what factors affect your score and how your credit issuer reports to the credit bureaus.
The Fair Isaac Corporation (FICO) uses a unique credit scoring system to issue a FICO credit score to every individual. FICO scores consist of the following five categories:
Payment history makes up around 35 percent of your score. Late payments can negatively affect your score, so paying your bill on time or early can help improve it.
Credit utilization accounts for 30 percent of your score and represents how much of your available credit you’re currently using. You should aim to use 1/3 of your credit or less (e.g., if you have a total credit limit of $9,000, try to keep your balance below $3,000.)
Age of credit reflects your total credit history, and it makes up roughly 15 percent of your score. Your oldest accounts will influence this factor the most.
Credit mix measures the variety of open credit accounts you have, and it makes up 10 percent of your score. Having several cards and an auto loan or mortgage can help.
New credit makes up the last 10 percent of your score, and it considers your applications for new lines of credit.
After your monthly statement is issued with your balance, you have a grace period before the payment is due—ranging from 21 to 25 days. During that time, your credit card provider will report your balance to the credit bureaus. If you pay your balance before your statement closes, the total listed balance will be lower. Moreover, credit bureaus will see your overall utilization as lower, which could increase your score.
However, paying your credit card bill early may work differently if your card has a balance each month. Instead of paying your next statement early, you’re making an extra payment on your balance. Therefore, you’ll likely still need to pay the minimum amount on your next statement, or your payment could be considered late.
Is it bad to pay off a credit card early?
It is never bad to pay your credit card bill early, but the benefits you receive from doing so may vary depending on your circumstances. For example, if you carry a balance on your credit card every month, you may need to adjust how you handle early payments.
It’s also important to separate facts from credit myths when planning out your debt repayment strategy.
If you do carry a balance on your card each month, keep the following in mind:
Your early payment may not count as your minimum payment. If you have a balance from a previous month, your early payment will count as an extra payment on your outstanding balance.
You may not save money on interest and fees by making an early payment. For example, if you’re charged based on your average daily balance, simply paying at the end of the month may not help much.
All that said, it’s still usually a good idea to pay down your credit card debt if you have the funds available to do so. When considering how to build credit, remember that consistent, timely payments can help you eliminate debt and qualify you for better loans and cards.
When is the best time to pay your credit card?
The best time to pay your credit card bill is before the payment is late. While you may benefit from paying your bill early, you’ll definitely see negative effects if you pay your bill late.
Paying early keeps your payment history intact and may help lower your overall utilization, while paying your bill more than 30 days late will likely lead to a negative item on your credit report. And if you neglect to pay long enough, your account could get sent to collections.
If you do start paying your credit card bill early, begin checking your credit report regularly to see how your balance is being reported to the credit bureaus. Over time, you should see your utilization drop and your credit improve.
Understand your credit with Lexington Law Firm
While sifting through your credit report, look for inaccurate information like fraudulent accounts, incorrect negative items or factual mistakes. Any of these inaccurate items could be hurting your credit, but you can challenge them with the right credit repair services.
Lexington Law Firm helps clients repair and monitor their credit. Learn more about our services, which can help you address incorrect marks on your credit report. Start by taking our free credit assessment today.
Note: Articles have only been reviewed by the indicated attorney, not written by them. The information provided on this website does not, and is not intended to, act as legal, financial or credit advice; instead, it is for general informational purposes only. Use of, and access to, this website or any of the links or resources contained within the site do not create an attorney-client or fiduciary relationship between the reader, user, or browser and website owner, authors, reviewers, contributors, contributing firms, or their respective agents or employers.
Reviewed By
Sarah Raja
Associate Attorney
Sarah Raja was born and raised in Phoenix, Arizona.
In 2010 she earned a bachelor’s degree in Psychology from Arizona State University. Sarah then clerked at personal injury firm while she studied for the Law School Admissions Test. In 2016, Sarah graduated from Arizona Summit Law School with a Juris Doctor degree. While in law school Sarah had a passion for mediation and participated in the school’s mediation clinic and mediated cases for the Phoenix Justice Courts. Prior to joining Lexington Law Firm, Sarah practiced in the areas of real property law, HOA law, family law, and disability law in the State of Arizona. In 2020, Sarah opened her own mediation firm with her business partner, where they specialize in assisting couples through divorce in a communicative and civilized manner. In her spare time, Sarah enjoys spending time with family and friends, practicing yoga, and traveling.
Affiliate links for the products on this page are from partners that compensate us (see our advertiser disclosure with our list of partners for more details). However, our opinions are our own. See how we rate mortgages to write unbiased product reviews.
In 2024, homebuyers can expect lower mortgage rates, higher home prices, and a lot more competition.
Hopeful buyers should start preparing as early as possible by saving money and paying down debt to improve credit scores.
Look into affordable mortgage programs and down payment assistance to boost affordability.
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After watching mortgage rates hit two-decade highs and inventory plummet last year, many hopeful homebuyers are eager to get off the sidelines and into a home.
While 2024 is expected to be a better year for the housing market in many respects, a lot of buyers are still going to struggle to find affordability. If you’re planning to buy a house this year, here’s what you need to know about housing market predictions in 2024, and how you can prepare.
Home price predictions 2024
Experts generally expect home prices to increase in 2024.
Low home inventory is a chronic problem in the US. This has generally kept home prices up, even as mortgage rates peaked near 8% and homebuying demand plummeted last year. Demand is expected to increase this year, so even if home prices were to drop in 2024, they likely wouldn’t fall enough to significantly improve affordability on their own.
Mortgage rate predictions 2024
Here’s where we’ll probably find more affordability in 2024: mortgage rates. Though they’re still relatively high, experts predict we’ll see mortgage rates go down in 2024. The average 30-year fixed mortgage rate is generally expected to end up near 6% by the end of the year.
Fannie Mae believes 30-year fixed rates could inch down to the mid-to-upper 6% range during the buying season — which typically lasts from spring through early fall — and reach 6.4% by the end of 2024
The MBA’s forecast is slightly less aggressive, predicting that mortgage rates could hover in the 6.3% to 6.6% range during the peak homebuying season before falling to 6.1% to close out 2024
NAR predicts rates will be in the mid-6% range for the homebuying season and drop to 6.1% in the last quarter of the year
Whether mortgage rates actually trend down in 2024, and by how much, depends in part on the path the Federal Reserve takes in its fight against inflation.
The Fed has indicated that it may start cutting the federal funds rate this year, which would remove a lot of upward pressure off of mortgage rates and allow them to fall more substantially. But inflation has remained a bit higher than expected in recent months, so we might have to wait longer for a Fed rate cut. This means mortgage rates might not fall in time for the peak homebuying season.
Will the housing market crash in 2024?
Because home prices have increased so dramatically in recent years, doomsayers believe that the housing market is in a bubble, and it’s only a matter of time before it bursts and the market crashes. But it’s actually pretty unlikely that will happen.
One of the main reasons we’re unlikely to see the housing market crash in 2024 has to do with housing inventory. The US simply does not have enough homes to meet demand, which is keeping prices steady.
Of course, no one has a crystal ball. If demand were to plummet, home prices could start falling. A severe recession could cause this to happen, for example. But even with a recession, it’s not a given that the housing market would crash as a result.
When will the housing market crash?
The fact is, it’s hard to predict a housing market crash. Right now, the conditions aren’t right for one — even though demand is low, supply remains even lower. And demand is expected to improve this year, while supply will likely remain a chronic problem for years to come.
What this means for 2024 homebuyers
If you’re hoping to buy a house this year, you’ll want to start planning now. This year is likely to be better for buyers than 2023 was in many ways, but it’s also going to be more challenging when it comes to prices and competition.
Lower mortgage rates will undoubtedly improve affordability for borrowers, but with that will come increased demand. This will keep home prices high and likely push them up even further. Finding a home in your price range may become even trickier, and you may need to make a lot of offers on homes before you get one accepted.
How to prepare to buy a house in 2024: 5 tips
Here’s what you should be doing now to prepare for homeownership in 2024.
1. Get your finances ready now
Because home prices are likely to remain high, you’ll want to take advantage of lower mortgage rates by making sure you get the lowest rate you can.
One of the faster methods to get your credit score up is to lower your credit utilization. This will also decrease your debt-to-income ratio, which is another factor mortgage lenders look at when considering what rate to give you.
J.R. Russell, head of direct to consumer mortgage lending at Citi Mortgages, says homebuyers should consider paying off credit card balances to improve their scores ahead of the 2024 homebuying season.
“If you’re trying to pay off or pay down some credit cards, start with the cards or credit lines with the highest interest rates first,” Russell says. “Then, pay off the balances that are smallest. The good news is that if you do this, you’ll improve your debt load and your credit score.”
2. Look for affordable mortgages and other first-time homebuyer assistance
The key to affording homeownership for many buyers in 2024 will be utilizing mortgages geared toward first-time homebuyers and combining them with grants or other forms of down payment assistance.
“If you’re not sure that your down payment will be sufficient, take time to understand all of the available products that you may be eligible for through the FHA or VA, your bank, or other local institutions,” Russell says. “These programs may grant you access to down payment assistance and low-to-moderate income programs, among other game-changing resources.”
Conventional loans allow down payments as low as 3%, while FHA loans allow 3.5% down payments. USDA and VA loans allow no down payment.
Look into lenders that offer special mortgage programs that come with additional assistance. Rocket Mortgage, for example, offers a ONE+ mortgage that allows borrowers to put down just 1%, with the lender providing a 2% grant.
Bank of America mortgages, another popular lender for first-time buyers, offers a couple of different forms of down payment assistance.
3. Time your purchase right
There probably won’t be a single “best time” to buy in 2024, because that depends on each buyer’s priorities — so it’s important that you figure out yours.
If getting the lowest rate possible is most important to you, you’ll want to wait until later this year to buy, possibly until the second half of 2024. But if you’re looking to avoid competition, buying within the next few months might be a better bet. Plus, you could always plan to refinance later on as rates drop.
4. But don’t rush
“If rates do start to moderate and the market does seem to become more favorable to buying in 2024, it will likely stay this way for a while,” Russell says. “If that’s the case, I encourage you to take your time! Don’t put pressure on yourself to make any potentially hasty decisions on what may be your biggest asset and the largest financial decision of your life.”
Though it’s still a while away, forecasts generally expect mortgage rates to continue falling in 2025. If you don’t feel ready to buy by the time the 2024 buying season rolls around, there’s nothing wrong with waiting a bit to continue saving and working on your credit.
5. Build your savings
Whether you’re padding your mortgage down payment savings or contributing to your emergency fund, tucking away some extra cash now is vital if you plan on buying a home soon.
When you buy a house, you’ll need enough cash to cover both your down payment and closing costs, which can amount to between 3% and 6% of the loan amount. While many mortgage programs allow low down payments, the more you can put down, the better your interest rate will likely be. Plus, offers with larger down payments are often more attractive to home sellers, giving you a competitive edge in what will likely be a tough market.
Homeownership is also often more expensive than many first-time buyers realize, especially in the first year. Having some extra money set aside for unexpected costs will help ensure you don’t go into debt when your first big housing expense comes along.
Housing market predictions 2024 FAQs
Experts expect mortgage rates to drop in 2024, and 30-year fixed rates could end the year closer to 6%.
There probably won’t be a housing recession in 2024 based on current expectations, as limited inventory is likely to push prices up further. Expect to see higher prices, lower mortgage rates, and more buyers in 2024.
In general, 2024 should be a better year to buy a house compared to 2023, but it will still be tough due to increased competition and higher prices.
Do you want to learn how to move out at 18 with no credit, little money, or even no money? Here’s what you need to know. There are many reasons for why you may want to move out at a young age – perhaps you have a difficult home life, you want to move somewhere…
Do you want to learn how to move out at 18 with no credit, little money, or even no money? Here’s what you need to know.
There are many reasons for why you may want to move out at a young age – perhaps you have a difficult home life, you want to move somewhere new, or you just want your own space.
I moved out shortly after turning 18 (about a week or so after my 18th birthday) into a rental home, and while I was not prepared at all, I do think being prepared to move out at a young age is extremely helpful. I made many mistakes that led to many, many tears, money wasted, stress, and more.
Today, I want to help you avoid as many problems as you can.
After all, moving out at 18 years old (or any other young age) is already really hard, and there is such a huge learning curve.
Moving out when you turn 18 is a big step into becoming an adult. Even though it can be exciting, moving out for the first time needs to be planned carefully. Before you leave, it’s important to make a plan to make sure you can afford it and stay on your own.
This means finding a job, making a budget you can stick to, and saving money for unexpected costs.
How To Move Out at 18
Below are ways to move out at 18.
Recommended reading: Buying a House at 20 (How I did it)
Make a plan to move out at 18
I highly recommend having a plan if you want to move out at 18 years old.
Moving out at 18 is a big step, and making a plan will help everything go a little more smoothly.
You will want to think about things such as:
Where you will work
How you will pay your bills
If you will live with a roommate or on your own
What your budget will be like
What you’ll do if things get tough, such as if you can’t afford your rent
What you will do for health insurance and medical bills
And so much more.
I will be going further in-depth on many of these below.
Find ways to make money
If you are 18 and want to move out, then you will need to have a stable source of income, of course. There are many options for earning money, from traditional jobs to more flexible side hustles.
A full-time job typically gives you more hours and benefits like health insurance, which are helpful when you’re living on your own. If you have other things going on, a part-time job might be better because it offers more flexibility while still giving you money (but, you may not earn as much money). You can find job openings online, at job fairs, or on community bulletin boards. Jobs like delivering food can be either full-time or part-time, and companies tend to need people.
If you want to make more money, you can side hustle to make extra income – a way to make extra cash that you do alongside your main job. You could freelance by doing things like writing, teaching tutoring lessons, or designing graphics. Or, you could babysit for families nearby, walk dogs, or help people with tasks or errands. These little jobs can add up to a lot of money and give you the flexibility to work when you want.
When I was young and first moved out, I worked full-time at a retail store. I also eventually started a few side hustles (like blogging, freelance writing, and selling stuff online) so that I could pay off my student loans quickly. Living on your own is not easy, especially when you are young and your income is not that high – so side hustles may be needed so that you can make enough money to pay your bills.
Some helpful articles to read include:
Create a budget
When you’re ready to step out into the world at 18, you need a budget. I can’t think of any young adult who would not need a budget.
Budgets are great because they help you keep track of your money coming in and going out. With a monthly budget, you’ll know exactly how much you can spend on different things each month as it helps you see how much money you have and where you might need to cut back on spending.
A budget will help you to figure out if you can afford to live on your own, if you need to have roommates, or if you need to find a cheaper living arrangement.
Making a budget is easy. First, write down how much money you make each month from your job or other places. Then, write down what you need to spend money on each month, like:
monthly rent
food
phone bill
internet
car
fuel
utilities like electrical, water, trash, sewer, gas/propane
car insurance
medical/health
pet care
restaurants
cable, satellite, or any TV monthly subscriptions
household essential items, like toilet paper, trash bags, etc.
and some money for fun stuff too
Knowing your monthly expenses will help you to better manage your money so that you won’t go into credit card debt.
Recommended reading: The Complete Budgeting Guide: How To Create A Budget That Works
Save for the move (and open a bank account)
When you’re getting ready to move out at 18, saving money is obviously very important. If you can help it, I do not recommend moving out with no money saved.
Think about all the costs you’ll face – like rent, your first security deposit, food, and any unexpected things that pop up. You’ll want to tuck away money for this.
How much should you save to move out? A good rule is to save at least three to six months of living expenses. For example, if you spend $1,500 a month, aim to save between $4,500 and $9,000 before you head out on your own.
This will be your emergency fund. An emergency fund is money you save up for unexpected things that might happen. This could be paying bills if you lose your job or if your hours or pay get reduced. It could also cover unexpected expenses like a car repair, medical bill, or fixing a broken window.
An emergency isn’t something like buying a birthday present, a new TV, or going on vacation.
Having an emergency fund is smart because it can stop you from getting into debt you don’t need. Some people rely on their credit cards for emergencies, but that’s not a good plan.
I also recommend getting your own bank account for all of the money you save. It’s a safe place for your money, and it helps you track what you earn and spend. Plus, you’ll need it for things like direct deposit from jobs or paying bills online.
I personally use Marcus by Goldman Sachs for my savings account as they have a very high rate. You can get up to 5.50% at the time of this writing through a referral link bonus. According to this high-yield savings account calculator, if you have $10,000 saved, you could earn $550 with a high-yield savings account in a year. Whereas with normal banks, your earnings would only be $46.
Improve your credit score and history
When you’re moving out of your parents’ home, having a good credit score is super helpful. This is because your credit score and credit history may be used for things like getting approved for an apartment and getting signed up for utility bills.
If your credit score is low, then you may be denied an apartment and even have to pay large deposits to get signed up for utilities (like water and electric).
Here are some important things to know:
Understand credit utilization – This is all about how much credit you’re using compared to how much you have. Try to use less than 30% of your credit limit. Say your card has a $1,000 limit. Aim to spend no more than $300.
Always pay on time – You should pay every bill on time, every time. Even being a little late can hurt your credit score a LOT!
There are other ways to improve your credit, such as by getting a secured credit card or becoming an authorized user on a family member’s credit card.
Here are two really helpful articles I recommend reading:
I also recommend keeping an eye on your credit by checking your score and report. Sites offer free checks, and it’s good to know where you stand. That way, you can fix any mistakes fast.
Think about where you’ll live
When planning to move out at 18, picking where you’ll live is a huge step.
Here are some things to think about:
Think about who you’ll live with. Living by yourself can be expensive so sharing rent and other bills with roommates can save you money, but make sure you choose your roommates wisely. You’ll be sharing your space with them, so it’s important to pick people who are responsible and trustworthy (and will actually pay the bills!).
Try using online tools to compare different areas. You can check things like crime rates, public transportation options, and how close they are to places you need, like grocery stores.
Think about the cost. Can you pay the rent and utility bills every month? Make sure to include these costs in your budget. Sometimes, living a bit farther from popular areas can be cheaper.
For my first home, I rented a very small 400-square-foot home with no real bedroom. But, it was within my budget and next to my college (I lived a few miles away), and surprisingly affordable.
Talk to your parents
When you’re getting ready to move out at 18, it’s important to have a conversation with your parents. This might feel hard or even impossible, but remember that clear communication is important.
I recommend choosing a time to tell them when your parents aren’t too busy or stressed as having this conversation when everyone is relaxed can make it easier for everyone to talk openly.
I think it is also helpful to think about how your parents might feel. If you’re the first to leave the home, they might find it tough. Try to understand their perspective and mention that you’ll stay in touch and visit.
And, be ready to show them your plan. Your parents will want to know you’ve thought things through. If you’ve been saving money, let them know. Talk about your job and how you’re managing to support yourself. It’s good to tell them about the place you’re planning to move into and how you chose it.
How to move out of your parents if it isn’t safe
So, after reading the above, I know that some of you may not have a good home life. You may not feel safe telling your parents that you are moving out.
If that’s the case, then I recommend reading this section.
Sometimes, home isn’t the safe place that it’s supposed to be. If you’re in a tough situation and need to leave at 18 but can’t talk to your parents about it, you’re not alone.
Here’s what you can do:
Find an adult you trust – Look for someone you trust, like a teacher, counselor, or family friend. They can maybe give you support and help you figure out your options.
Plan ahead – Start thinking about where you’ll go and how you’ll support yourself. Look into shelters, transitional housing programs, or staying with a trusted friend or relative.
Know your rights – As you turn 18, you have rights. Learn about your options for housing, education, and employment because there may be resources available to help you.
Stay safe – If you’re in danger at home, prioritize your safety. Contact local authorities or organizations that can help you leave safely.
Take care of yourself – Moving out can be tough, but remember to take care of yourself emotionally and physically, such as by talking to friends, finding support groups, or talking to a counselor if you need to.
Leaving home at 18 without being able to talk to your parents is hard, but it’s not impossible. Reach out for help, make a plan, and remember that you deserve to live in a safe and supportive environment.
Get free stuff for your new home
One of the big challenges of moving out on your own is affording all of the different things that you need.
Luckily, there are ways to get things for free or really cheap.
Some of the top ways include:
Facebook Buy Nothing groups – This is my favorite place to start if you want to get things for free. These groups promote recycling and reusing items instead of throwing them away when you’re done with them. To begin, look for and join a local Buy Nothing group on Facebook. You can search for groups for your city. People list their free stuff all the time, such as furniture, electronics, clothes, and more. You can even make a post asking if anyone has something that you need.
Ask family and friends – Your family and friends might have extra stuff they’re willing to part with. They might even be happy to see it go to a good home – your new home!
Check online platforms – Websites like Craigslist, Freecycle, and Facebook Marketplace can be goldmines for free furniture. People often list items they want to get rid of quickly.
Visit thrift stores and yard sales – Thrift stores and yard sales sometimes offer “free bins” or low-cost items they want to get rid of fast.
Attend college move-out days – If you live near a university, go there on move-out day. Students tend to leave behind perfectly good furniture that’s yours for the taking.
Community centers and churches – These places often have bulletin boards with listings for free items.
Always be safe when arranging pickups, especially with strangers. Always bring a friend or let someone know where you’re going.
Helpful articles:
Handling utilities and bills
Dealing with utilities and bills is a big step in moving out. Utilities are services you need like water, electricity, gas, and the internet.
Before you move, call or visit the websites of local utility companies. You’ll need to set up accounts in your name. This might include a deposit fee, so be ready for that.
I recommend making a list of all your expected bills. Rent, electricity, water, internet, and maybe gas are usually the basics. Add them up to see how much you’ll spend each month.
After you move in, you will want to find out when each bill is due. It’s your job to pay them on time as paying late can lead to extra fees or even getting your services turned off. Some companies let you set up automatic payments, and this means the money comes out of your bank account on its own each month. This can make sure you’re always on time.
You will want to hold onto your bills and receipts. This way, if there’s ever a mistake with a bill, your records will help fix it.
You can save money by being smart about using your services. Turn off lights when you leave a room and unplug electronics that you’re not using. You might also shop around for better deals on services like the internet.
After you get your first set of bills, you will understand why your parents wanted to keep the air conditioning off or why they always asked you to turn the lights off – things can be expensive!
Also, remember that different times of the year will impact your bills. For example, your electric bill will most likely be a lot more expensive in the summer than it will be in the spring or fall.
Maintain your home (housekeeping)
Moving out at 18 means taking on the responsibility of housekeeping. You might be surprised how quickly your new home can become cluttered and get dirty.
Keeping your home nice starts with regular cleaning, and I recommend setting aside some time each day for tasks like washing dishes, making your bed, and tidying up the living area. This way, messes won’t pile up and become overwhelming.
Then, once a week, dedicate your time to deeper cleaning such as vacuuming, mopping floors, cleaning the bathroom, dusting, and doing laundry.
Housekeeping also requires tools and supplies, so you will want to plan your budget to include items like sponges, cleaners, and trash bags.
Make friends in your new community
Moving out at 18 is a big step, and making friends in your new community is important. It can make your new place feel like home. When you move, you might not know many people, but there are fun and simple ways to meet people.
Here are some tips:
Get to know your neighbors – Start with a smile and say hi to your neighbors.
Join local groups or classes – Look for groups that interest you. Love to paint? Find an art class. Enjoy cooking? Maybe there’s a cooking group nearby. Like rock climbing? Go to the local climbing gym. This way, you meet people who like what you like.
Visit community centers – Many towns have a community center. They have activities like sports, games, and events.
Making friends might take time, but it’s totally possible! Just be yourself and be open to talking to new people.
Balancing work and personal life
I’m guessing you will have a lot going on, between trying to work full-time and enjoying your life, and even possibly furthering your education.
I recommend trying to schedule your time so you don’t get too busy. Use a calendar or app to make sure you’ve got time for work, taking care of your place, and doing fun things too.
It’s okay to say no if you’re too busy. If you’re working a full-time job, you might not be able to hang out with your friends all the time. It’s all about finding a healthy balance between earning money and enjoying life. I had to say no to my friends many times because I was simply too busy. If your friends still live at home, it may be hard for them to understand this unless you explain your situation.
Plus, remember to take breaks. When you’re planning your week, set aside some time just for relaxing. Watching a movie, reading, or hanging out in the park are all great ways to unwind and give your mind a break.
Frequently Asked Questions
Below are common questions about how to move out at 18 years old with little money.
How can I move out fast at 18?
To move out quickly, focus on making a steady income and finding affordable housing. Create a budget to manage your expenses and look for immediate job openings or housing options. Saving as much money as you can right now is also super helpful.
How much money should I have saved by 18 to move out?
Aim to save at least 3 to 6 months of living expenses before moving out. This safety net can cover rent, groceries, and unexpected costs, giving you financial stability as you start on your own.
Can you move out at 18 while still in high school?
Yes, you can move out at 18 while in high school, but make sure you have a support system in place. Balancing school responsibilities with living independently can be very hard.
How to move out at 18 with strict parents?
When moving out at 18 with strict parents, communicate your plans clearly and respectfully. Prepare a well-thought-out plan to show them you’re serious and capable of managing your own life.
Can your parents not let you move out at 18?
When you turn 18, you’re legally an adult in most places, and you can decide to move out even if your parents don’t agree. However, it’s important to respect their opinion and explain your reasons. There are some places where you have to be older, so make sure you do your research.
Do I have to tell my parents I’m moving out?
While you’re not legally required to inform your parents in most places, it’s nice to talk about your decision with them, as transparent communication helps maintain a positive relationship after you leave.
Can I move out at 18 without parental consent?
Yes, in most places, at 18 you’re legally permitted to move out without parental consent. You will want to make sure this applies to your local area.
What things do you need when moving out of your parents’ house?
There are many things that you will need to move out of your parents’ house such as a bed, blanket, pillow, kitchen supplies, towels, a place to eat, a dresser, cleaning supplies, groceries, and more.
Is it realistic to move out at 18?
It is realistic to move out at 18 if you have a reliable income, a budget, and a plan for handling responsibilities. You will want to be as prepared as possible to move out at a young age because there will be many hurdles thrown your way, most likely.
How To Move Out At 18 – Summary
I hope you enjoyed this article on how to move out at 18 years old.
It’s really important to have a plan for a successful move when you are just 18 years old.
You’ll need to find ways to earn money regularly, like getting a job and even doing extra work on the side.
Having savings in the bank and an emergency fund will help you handle unexpected expenses without ruining your plans.
There are also many other things to think about, such as the cost of living, utility bills, your credit score, and more.
I moved out when I was just 18 years old, so I completely understand where you are coming from. I had no financial help from my parents and found and did everything on my own – from making money to finding a place to live, making all of my own meals, and more. It was hard, but it was what needed to be done.
Do you plan on moving out soon? Do you have any questions for me on how to move out at 18?
The information provided on this website does not, and is not intended to, act as legal, financial or credit advice. See Lexington Law’s editorial disclosure for more information.
An authorized user is an individual added to a credit card by the owner of the account or primary cardholder. The authorized user, also referred to as the additional cardholder, can make purchases using the credit card, although the responsibility to make payments falls on the primary cardholder.
Building credit from scratch can be a difficult task, especially for those with limited credit knowledge. One way to get your feet wet with credit is by becoming an authorized user on someone else’s account. As an authorized user, you can leverage someone else’s positive credit habits to improve your own creditworthiness.
However, there are important factors to consider before becoming an authorized user yourself or adding an authorized user to your account. Read on to learn more.
Table of contents:
What is an authorized user?
An authorized user is a person added to someone else’s credit card account who has permission to make charges. The main user who owns the account is the primary cardholder, while an authorized user is sometimes referred to as an additional cardholder.
Who can be an authorized user?
Anyone can be an authorized user, provided they meet the card issuer’s requirements and the primary cardholder adds them to the account. Typically, the primary cardholder and authorized user have an established, trusted relationship.
Here are the most common scenarios where adding an individual to your account is beneficial.
Parent/child: Parents may add their children as authorized users to their account to help them build credit history and give them access to the line of credit for emergencies or family expenses.
Employer/employee: Business owners may add trusted employees as authorized users for business-related expenses.
Couples: Couples may designate one spouse as the primary cardholder and the other spouse as the authorized user, especially when one partner has a higher credit score than the other.
Is an authorized user responsible for credit card debt?
No, being an authorized user doesn’t make you responsible for paying credit card debt. While an authorized user can make purchases, payment responsibilities fall to the primary cardholder. Authorized users have no legal responsibility to make payments.
How does being an authorized user affect your credit?
Accounts you’re an authorized user of are typically included in your credit report, which can help you build credit history. Also known as piggybacking credit, this allows you to use the primary cardholder’s positive credit habits to build your credit.
While being an authorized user can help increase your credit score, it can also have the opposite effect. If the primary cardholder falls behind on payments or maintains a high credit utilization ratio, this can negatively impact your credit.
It’s important to note that not all credit card issuers report authorized user activity to the three major credit bureaus. Consider checking with the primary cardholder’s issuer before becoming an authorized user to make sure they report to the credit bureaus.
How to add an authorized user
To add an authorized user, reach out to your credit card company online, by phone or in-person. Your credit card company will likely require the authorized user’s name, address, birth date and Social Security number to add them to the account.
Once you add someone as an authorized user, your credit card company will mail you a second card that the authorized user can use, although you can decide whether or not you give it to them. Keep in mind that you don’t need to give the authorized user a physical card for them to receive the credit-building benefits.
Here are additional tips to remember when adding an authorized user:
Only add authorized users you trust since they will have access to your credit line.
If your credit card company offers this option, consider setting up spending limits for authorized users to prevent overspending.
Set up alerts to notify you when an authorized user makes a purchase.
How to remove an authorized user
You can easily remove an authorized user if your circumstances have changed. Similarly to adding an authorized user, just contact your credit card company and request the authorized user be removed from the account. Consider also contacting the authorized user to notify them that you’re removing them from the account.
Here are some circumstances in which you may want to remove an authorized user from your account:
There’s been a change in relationship: For example, if your partner is an authorized user on your account and you break up
The account has been misused: If an authorized user is overspending on your account and negatively affecting your finances. For example, if your teen’s spending habits are out of control
There are also scenarios in which you may want to remove yourself as an authorized user from someone else’s account, such as:
You achieved financial independence: If you’ve established a credit history and no longer need access to the account, consider removing yourself to manage your finances independently.
The primary cardholder’s poor credit habits are affecting your credit score: If the primary cardholder is falling behind on payments, your credit could also take a hit, so it’s best to cut ties.
Joint credit card vs. authorized user
A joint credit card allows two people to share one account equally. The main difference between an authorized user and a joint credit card is who is legally obligated to make payments. While both parties are responsible for paying debt on a joint card, an authorized user isn’t required to make payments.
Keep in mind that fewer credit card issuers are offering joint accounts since companies prefer that only one individual is liable for the account. Meanwhile, most credit card issuers offer the option to add authorized users.
Authorized user FAQ
Still unsure whether becoming an authorized user is right for you? We’ve answered some common questions below.
How old do you have to be to be an authorized user on a credit card?
Some credit card issuers have age requirements ranging from 13 to 16, while others have no minimum age requirement.
How long does it take for authorized user accounts to show on your credit report?
Authorized user accounts will typically appear on your credit report within 30 to 45 days after you’re added to the account, as long as your credit card issuer reports to the credit bureaus.
What is the difference between having a cosigner and becoming an authorized user?
A cosigner shares responsibility for repaying the debt, while an authorized user isn’t legally obligated to make payments.
Monitoring your credit as an authorized user
Becoming an authorized user is a great way to kick-start your credit journey. As you start to build credit, it’s important to monitor your credit and ensure that no inaccurate negative items are impacting your score.
When you sign up for a free credit assessment with Lexington Law Firm, you’ll receive your credit score, credit report summary and a credit repair recommendation. View your credit snapshot today.
Note: Articles have only been reviewed by the indicated attorney, not written by them. The information provided on this website does not, and is not intended to, act as legal, financial or credit advice; instead, it is for general informational purposes only. Use of, and access to, this website or any of the links or resources contained within the site do not create an attorney-client or fiduciary relationship between the reader, user, or browser and website owner, authors, reviewers, contributors, contributing firms, or their respective agents or employers.
Reviewed By
Brittany Sifontes
Attorney
Prior to joining Lexington, Brittany practiced a mix of criminal law and family law.
Brittany began her legal career at the Maricopa County Public Defender’s Office, and then moved into private practice. Brittany represented clients with charges ranging from drug sales, to sexual related offenses, to homicides. Brittany appeared in several hundred criminal court hearings, including felony and misdemeanor trials, evidentiary hearings, and pretrial hearings. In addition to criminal cases, Brittany also represented persons and families in a variety of family court matters including dissolution of marriage, legal separation, child support, paternity, parenting time, legal decision-making (formerly “custody”), spousal maintenance, modifications and enforcement of existing orders, relocation, and orders of protection. As a result, Brittany has extensive courtroom experience. Brittany attended the University of Colorado at Boulder for her undergraduate degree and attended Arizona Summit Law School for her law degree. At Arizona Summit Law school, Brittany graduated Summa Cum Laude and ranked 11th in her graduating class.
The economic landscape of the United States is experiencing a significant shift, marked by a new event: the average FICO credit score has dropped for the first time in a decade.
In a recently released report on credit score data from October 2023, major credit reporting company, FICO, says that the national average credit score has decreased for the first time in a decade from 718 to 717.
Why did credit scores drop?
The decrease in average credit scores may be attributed to several key factors:
Increased Missed Payments: There has been an increase in missed borrower payments, showing serious financial strain among consumers. The FICO report shows that, as of October 2023, more than 18% of the population was late on payments.
Rising Consumer Debt Levels: Consumer debt, particularly credit card debt, has risen to over 1 trillion. This indicates that more consumers may be leaning on credit cards to cover everyday expenses.
Slowing New Credit Activity: New credit activity – consumers applying for new lines of credit – has slowed down.
What this means for you
It’s hard to say what this will mean moving forward, but at this moment it’s too soon to say – or worry too much. In a statement given to Bloomberg, Ethan Dornhelm, VP at FICO, said that “This isn’t a blinking red light, but it certainly is a yellow light.”
Whatever happens in the future, it’s important to take steps to try to protect your credit. Here are some strategies:
Reduce Credit Utilization Rates: Your credit utilization ratio is the amount of available credit you have compared to the amount of credit you’ve used. Generally, the best practice is to keep your credit utilization ratio below 30%, if you can.
Consolidate Debt: If you’re worried about tracking different payments, consider consolidating your debt into one payment to avoid the risk of missing a payment. A missed payment is a negative mark on your credit, and can stay on your credit reports for 7 years.
Protect Your Credit History: Length of credit history is a significant factor in how your credit score is calculated. Closing a credit card that you’ve had for a long time, for example, might actually hurt your credit score. If you can, try to keep lines of credit – especially revolving credit accounts, like credit cards – open.
If You’re Rejected, Pause Before Applying Again: If you’ve been rejected for a line of credit in the past, like an auto loan or a credit card, pause before immediately applying again. Multiple “hard inquiries” – when a lender pulls your credit to evaluate your creditworthiness – in too short a time could potentially harm your credit.
Good credit is always important
If you’re worried about your credit, the best thing you can do is consistently check and monitor your credit – not just your score. Be on the look out for any changes to your credit reports and score, whether expected or unexpected, and make sure that everything in your credit profile is accurate. You can get started with a free credit assessment at Lexington Law for a snapshot of what’s in your credit profile.
Reviewed By
Nature Lewis
Associate Attorney
Before joining Lexington Law as an Associate Attorney, Nature Lewis managed a successful practice representing tenants in Maricopa County.
Through her representation of tenants, Nature gained experience in Federal law, Family law, Probate, Consumer protection and Civil law. She received numerous accolades for her dedication to Tenant Protection in Arizona, including, John P. Frank Advocate for Justice Award in 2016, Top 50 Pro Bono Attorney of 2015, New Tenant Attorney of the Year in 2015 and Maricopa County Attorney of the Month in March 2015. Nature continued her dedication to pro bono work while volunteering at Community Legal Services’ Volunteer Lawyer’s Program and assisting victims of Domestic Violence at the local shelter. Nature is passionate about providing free knowledge to the underserved community and continues to hold free seminars about tenant rights and plans to incorporate consumer rights in her free seminars. Nature is a wife and mother of 5 children. She and her husband have been married for 24 years and enjoy traveling internationally, watching movies and promoting their indie published comic books!
With low down payments, low closing costs and more flexible credit score requirements, it’s no wonder that nearly one in every five home purchases are made using an FHA loan. FHA loans are famous for their flexibility, but sometimes they come with requirements that both the borrower and the property owner must meet. Here’s how to know if an FHA loan is the right fit for you and your unique homeownership goals.
What is an FHA Loan?
FHA stands for the Federal Housing Administration, a government agency created in 1934 by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). The FHA was started by HUD as a resource to increase homeownership in America.
An FHA loan sounds like a loan that comes from the FHA, right? This is not true — the FHA does not issue loans directly to homebuyers. Instead, they insure loans offered by private lenders. If a homebuyer can’t pay for their FHA mortgage, the home will be foreclosed on. If that happens, HUD will pay off the loan to the lender and take ownership of the home. This insurance removes some of the risk for lenders, allowing them to offer lower credit score and down payment requirements. In return, more homebuyers may qualify for home loans.
Who Can Get an FHA Loan?
Although FHA loans are a relatively well-known type of mortgage, there are often misconceptions around both eligibility and overall criteria. FHA loans are most common among first-time homebuyers and low-income buyers, though other homeowners can benefit and qualify for this type of mortgage as well.
First-Time Homebuyers
Many first-time homebuyers use FHA mortgages to afford their starter home, especially because these loans offer lower down payments. Plus, the credit score for FHA loan requirements is usually lower than other loan options, which is helpful for new homeowners who have a limited credit history.
FHA loans are not restricted to your first home purchase and can only be used for your primary residence. This means homeowners generally can’t have two FHA loans open at the same time. However, there are several exceptions to this rule, such as a move required for work, or your family outgrowing your current home.
Low-Income Buyers
Many low-to-moderate income buyers who don’t qualify for a traditional loan or need a lower down payment option are still able to get an FHA loan. This is because the FHA allows lenders to be more flexible with potential buyers’ debt-to-income ratios (DTI), even sometimes approving up to a 55% DTI.
Requirements for an FHA Loan
If you think an FHA loan is a good fit for your needs, it’s time to start taking steps towards securing one. To get an FHA loan, you will need to connect with a lender. The requirements that borrowers need to have (and understand) include:
580+ credit score with a minimum down payment of 3.5%
A home appraisal done by an FHA-approved appraiser
A DTI ratio no higher than 50-55% (depending on their credit history)
You must occupy the home as your primary residence
While these are some of the basic requirements, FHA loans look into your overall financial health and history. Now that you have a broad overview, let’s get into the specifics.
FHA Loans And Credit Score
Compared to the required credit score for conventional loans, FHA loans are attractive to buyers for their credit score flexibility. Once you know your credit score, you can see your eligibility for various FHA loan products.
Credit scores are affected by several financial factors, such as:
If you pay your bills on time
How much credit you use (credit utilization)
The type of credit you have, whether on cards, loans, student loans, car loans, etc.
What you owe and any new credit you’ve recently acquired
Credit scores also affect other parts of your FHA loan eligibility, such as your DTI ratio, down payment minimums, interest rates and more. The better your score, the more flexibility there is with other requirements of the loan.
Here is the credit score needed for an FHA loan and the limits as of December 2023:
Minimum Credit Score: Borrowers need at least a credit score of 580 to qualify for an FHA loan
Credit Score of 580 and Higher: Potential buyers with a minimum credit score of 580 may be able to qualify for FHA’s low down payment advantage program, which is currently 3.5% of the purchase price.
Need to estimate your monthly mortgage payment? Use Pennymac’s home loan calculator to get an estimate today.
Down Payments
A down payment is a portion of the price of your home that is paid upfront. For mortgage loans, down payments are typically based on your creditworthiness, meaning the better your credit score is, the lower your down payment is. FHA loans allow you to pay as little as 3.5% for a down payment if you have a qualifying credit score. With a lower credit score, you should expect to put more like 10% down.
Though a larger down payment will lower your future mortgage payments, a primary benefit of FHA loans is getting a lower required down payment. If you are still concerned with making a 10% down payment, homeowners can use gift assistance to cover those funds as long as there is an accurate and credible paper trail.
Income Requirements and DTI Ratios
While your income amount doesn’t directly affect your eligibility, your employment history might. You will need to provide lenders with documents that verify your income, such as W-2s, bank statements, tax return documentation, etc.
Also consider that your DTI ratio will be evaluated. Your DTI compares how much debt you currently have compared to your monthly income. Lenders use this ratio to consider whether or not you can take on any additional debt. DTI includes debt you aren’t actively paying, such as deferred student loans. When determining what your monthly bills are, your lender will usually apply the “1 Percent Rule” to your student loan debt. For example, if you have $25,000 in student loan debt, your lender will assume a 1% ($250) monthly payment.
If your gross income is $3,000 a month, and you have $1,500 a month in debt payment obligations, your DTI is 57%. Many lenders want you to have a DTI ratio of 43% or less, but sometimes, homeowners only need about a 57% DTI to qualify for an FHA loan. Keep in mind that a higher credit score will also lower DTI requirements.
FHA Loan Interest Rates
One of the most important elements of your home loan is your interest rate, which will play a large factor in the affordability of your monthly payment. FHA loan rates are similar to traditional loan rates because they are based on both larger market conditions and the qualifications of the individual buyer. Wondering what your options will be?
View today’s FHA loan rates
FHA Loan Limits
In addition to the limits on your credit score and down payment amounts, there are restrictions on the total mortgage amount that can be offered through an FHA loan. The FHA does have lending limits, and these numbers can differ depending on where you buy a home. Loan limits are established by the FHA and can vary by county.
Mortgage Insurance
When buyers have little invested in a home (whether via down payment or equity), lenders consider the loan (FHA or conventional) to be a bigger risk. Because of this, they typically require those buyers to pay a monthly fee for mortgage insurance, also known as private mortgage insurance (PMI). This insurance is usually required for any buyer who has a loan amount more than 80% of their home’s value. For example, if your home is worth $100,000 and you have a mortgage balance of $90,000, you only have 10% in equity. Your loan is therefore 90% of your home’s value and your lender will require mortgage insurance.
For an FHA loan, the details are a little different. FHA loans don’t have the same standards of a conventional loan, rather, they require the following two kinds of mortgage insurance premiums: one paid in full upfront (or financed into the mortgage) and another paid as a monthly fee, regardless of how much equity you have.
Upfront mortgage insurance premium (UFMIP): This fee must be paid at closing (or added to your loan amount) and is currently 1.75% of your loan amount. For example, this would mean an extra $3,500 due at closing for a $200,000 loan.
Annual Mortgage Insurance Premium (MIP): This additional insurance cost ranges from 0.45% to 1.05% of your loan amount. The yearly cost (based on your loan-to-value ratio and loan length) is divided by 12 and paid as a part of your monthly mortgage payment. On a $200,000 loan, a MIP at 1% will add $167 to your monthly mortgage payment.
Looking to obtain mortgage insurance financing with down payments as low as 3.5%? Learn more here.
FHA Loan Benefits
In addition to expanded eligibility criteria (that makes them easier to qualify for overall), FHA loans offer many other benefits to borrowers:
Open to Buyers with a History of Bankruptcy and/or Foreclosure: A history of bankruptcy or foreclosure is not necessarily a barrier to qualifying for an FHA loan. There is a two-year waiting period after a bankruptcy, and a three-year waiting period after a foreclosure before you can qualify for an FHA loan.
Gift Money: Struggling to save for your down payment? If you have loved ones who want to help you, FHA loans accept gift money as a source of down payment or other funds. There are some limits and additional rules, so be sure to discuss your situation with your lender.
Competitive Interest Rates: FHA loan rates are comparable to conventional mortgage rates.
Credit History and Loan Eligibility: FHA loans can work for many borrowers when traditional loans can’t because they have looser credit score requirements. FHA lenders will look at your complete financial picture, including your ability to pay for things like rent, utilities, auto, student loans and more.
Non-Occupying Co-Borrowers are Allowed: If your debt-to-income ratio is high, a co-borrower (and their income) can help you qualify for a loan you would not otherwise be eligible for. Co-borrowers have ownership interest and are listed on the home’s title. They must sign all loan documents and will be obligated to pay the monthly payments if you ultimately cannot. FHA loans allow you to have a co-borrower who won’t be living with you, such as a family member who lives elsewhere.
FHA Loan Requirements for Single-Family and Other Properties
Once you have met all of the FHA loan requirements, it’s time to look at the property you want to purchase. There are certain requirements that your future home must meet as well. HUD has minimum property requirements to ensure that any home the FHA insures will be a good investment for both the buyer and the lender. Those requirements ensure the home must be:
Safe: Your home must be a healthy, safe place to live
Sound: The structure of your home must be sound, not significantly damaged
Secure: The home must be a secure investment for a lender
Types of FHA Loans
There are different types of FHA loans that range from general home loans to loans that deal with more specific needs of the borrower. The difference between loans often determines how you spend the funds and how homeowners qualify.
Purchase. Standard purchase loans fall into the basic standards outlined in the above requirements. This type of loan is best for borrowers with good credit scores and a low DTI.
Rate/Term Refinance. Refinancing is possible with an FHA loan and is a good option for homeowners who want to take advantage of the lower FHA rates, especially if their credit has been negatively affected by previous mortgages or loans.
Streamline. For borrowers that already have an FHA loan and are current on their loan, FHA Streamline loans allow those homeowners to refinance with some unique advantages. You can often get an even lower mortgage rate, a lower insurance rate, less documentation (like appraisals or income verification), no credit score requirement, etc.
Cash-Out Refinance. It’s possible to do a cash-out refinance with an FHA loan, though borrowers usually need decent credit and must keep a percentage of their equity in their home. It also requires a complete documentation evaluation.
FHA 203(k) Loan. Some lenders offer either standard or limited 203(k) loans, which allow borrowers to buy a home and make renovations under the same loan. There are specific stipulations, such as a minimum of $5,000 for renovations that will be complete within 6 months.
FHA Loan Alternatives
As common as FHA loans are, it’s important to remember that they are not the only option available to most homebuyers. Whether you are trying to avoid the 1 Percent Rule for student debt, want to buy an ineligible condo, or are looking for very specific loan terms, there are many situations where a conventional mortgage may be a better fit for you than an FHA loan. A credit score for conventional loan requirements will be higher, but this type of loan may meet the rest of your financial and purchasing needs. It’s important to discuss your situation with your lender, and carefully compare all of your choices.
FHA Loan Final Checklist
Once you have found your dream home and have gone through the application and underwriting process for an FHA loan, there are a few final items you will need to have in order to ensure a smooth closing process.
Homeowners Insurance Policy: Your homeowners insurance will protect one of your biggest investments — your house, its contents and your loved ones. The cost of this policy will be included in your monthly payment and paid annually by your lender, so make sure your lender has your insurance information before closing.
Identification: At your closing, you will need two forms of identification. One must be government-issued, photo I.D. — your driver’s license or passport are good options. The other must only have your name printed on it, such as a Social Security card, credit card, debit card or insurance card.
Title Insurance Policy: Title insurance protects you and your lender from any costs or other issues that may come from unknown liens, encumbrances or other issues with the title or legal ownership of your home.
Closing Funds: Finally, you will need the money you are using for your down payment, and any other closing costs you are paying. Talk to your lender to determine the total amount and the form (cashier’s check, wire transfer, etc.) in which the funds will need to be paid.
Ready to crunch your numbers and get your questions answered? Check out our current FHA Purchase Loan Options.
Finance Your Home Today with an FHA Loan
FHA loans are used by many homebuyers every year. From more flexible qualification requirements to greater flexibility with down payment amounts, FHA insured mortgages can help you buy your first home, last home and any home in between. If you’ve found your dream home and are ready to buy, reach out to a Pennymac Loan Expert to get BuyerReady Certified for an FHA loan today.
Having multiple credit cards brings certain benefits. On average, Americans use two to three credit cards at a time, often to take advantage of various perks and rewards programs. Another reason to own multiple credit cards is they can boost your credit score when managed sensibly.
That said, juggling credit lines can get out of hand, and it’s easy to fall behind with payments and face hefty interest charges. Here’s a guide to managing multiple credit cards: when to use certain cards, how to know if you have too many, and more.
Steps for Managing Multiple Credit Cards
Here’s how to manage your credit cards wisely and the steps to take to avoid unnecessary interest charges and fees.
Keep Track of Terms
Know what you are signing up for when you apply for a credit card. While a card may offer perks like sign-up bonuses, free vacations, and 0% interest rates initially, it may also charge high fees and exorbitant interest rates later on. Every credit card has different terms and conditions that are often buried in the small print.
Before applying for a new credit card, check the interest rate, or APR. Also look for penalty APRs, purchase APRs, and cash advance APRs. A penalty APR is charged if you don’t comply with the card’s terms and conditions. A purchase APR is the interest rate charged for purchases or carrying the balance over to the next month. A cash advance APR applies if you use your credit card to borrow cash.
A card may also offer an introductory 0% APR, for a limited period. However, once that period is over — or if you miss a payment — the interest rate can skyrocket. Many cards also charge an annual fee for card ownership, a maintenance fee, cash advance fees, foreign transaction fees, returned payment fees, and late payment fees.
If a card offers cash back, find out how much you need to spend to accumulate points or cash back. Check the fine print to find out what types of purchases are qualified and if there are any caps on earning cash and points. Also, read the rules on redeeming rewards, such as when they might expire or be forfeited.
For a sign-up bonus, you might be ineligible if you have owned the same card previously or another family member has the same card. 💡 Quick Tip: Check your credit report at least once a year to ensure there are no errors that can damage your credit score.
Pay on Time and in Full
You will likely incur fees if you miss payments due on your credit card. Also, if you make only the minimum payment on your credit card, you will increase your debt and pay unnecessary interest. But if you pay off your balance in full each month, you are in effect getting a free loan.
If you have multiple credit cards to juggle, it will take dedication to monitor the balances and due dates to avoid late payments, interest charges, and fees. However, managing credit cards responsibly can build your credit history.
Set Up Autopay
Once you understand the terms, conditions, and payment due dates of your various credit cards, set up automatic payments to avoid missing a payment. Missing a payment will mean that you are charged interest, and depending on the balance on the card, the interest payments can be steep.
Set Reminders
Managing multiple credit cards may require setting reminders. For example, if you signed up for a card with an initial period of 0%, you should know when that period ends. Also, keep track of when rewards expire, and when you should redeem points or rewards.
Recommended: What Is a FICO Score?
Simplify Your Payment Due Dates
You may want to change the payment due dates for your cards to make budgeting easier. For example, if the payments for multiple cards all fall on the same day or week, it can be difficult keeping enough cash on hand.
Consider scheduling due dates close to a payday or soon after a direct deposit. It might take one or two billing cycles for your request to take effect.
Know When to Use Each Card
There’s little point juggling multiple credit cards if you don’t use the right card for the right purpose. That’s why studying each card’s terms and conditions is crucial to optimizing the benefits of your cards. For example, some travel cards come with travel protections that will reimburse you if a trip has to be canceled, and co-branded airline cards may offer free checked bags or upgrades.
Keep a Record of Your Credit Card Features
Organization is the key to managing multiple credit cards. You can use a notebook, spreadsheet, or a personal finance app — whatever it takes for you to be able to access the information you need easily.
Some key data to have at your fingertips are the interest rate, credit limit, issue date, annual fees, and payment due dates, the balance from month to month, and the key facts about the rewards program (minimum spending limits, expiration dates, qualified items).
Give Each Card a Purpose
Allocating a purpose for each card will tell you what type of card you might want to get next. For example, you might have a card that offers travel rewards, another card for cash back on groceries, but you might want to also get a card that offers rewards for buying gas. Keep a record of which card serves what purpose.
Carry Only the Cards You Use
Don’t carry all your cards with you all the time. You risk losing them, plus it will make your wallet uncomfortable to carry! There’s no need to carry an airline card that you only use to book flights. Make sure you know which cards charge an inactivity fee, and set up reminders to use the card to avoid such penalties.
Recommended: Find Out Your Credit Score for Free
Use an App to Track Your Card Balances
It’s a good idea to use an app to track your card balances. Apps are particularly useful because they alert you when a payment is due or delinquent. Some apps perform free credit monitoring, help you find a credit card for a specific merchant, and track your loyalty programs.
Signs You Have Too Many Cards
How many cards is too many? That depends on how well you manage them. Here are some indicators that you should consider closing some accounts.
You Can’t Pay the Balance Off Each Month
If you can’t pay off all the balances on your cards each month, you are in danger of falling deeper into debt and having to pay interest. You also risk increasing your credit utilization ratio. When your ratio gets too high, credit card companies may turn you down and credit checks for future employment may be affected..
You’re Missing Payments
If you find it hard to keep track of your credit cards, miss payments, or lose rewards, it’s a sign you might have bitten off more than you can chew. Simplify your financial management by choosing three or four of the most advantageous cards for your lifestyle and cancel the rest.
You’re Earning Too Few Rewards
If you rarely redeem rewards, it might not be worth keeping the card. Not only are you paying a fee for a card that gives you little benefit, but you also have the hassle of keeping track of the card’s features and balance. It might be best to nix these credit cards.
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Track your credit score for free. Sign up and get $10.*
Which Cards Should You Stop Using?
When deciding which credit cards to stop using, list out the benefits of each card. Look at your spending history with that card over the past year and look at what you have gained. If you have spent little and gained little, it’s time to lose the card.
Similarly, if a card charges high annual fees and provides few benefits, don’t keep the card. Also look at the interest rate. If you have a balance on a high-interest card, pay off that debt and close down the card.
When Does It Make Sense to Close a Card?
It makes sense to close a card when you only use it to avoid an inactivity fee, if it provides few benefits, if the fees and interest rate are high, or if you are having trouble paying off the balance each month. 💡 Quick Tip: One way to raise your credit score? Pay your bills on time. Setting up autopay can help you keep your account in good standing.
The Takeaway
Having various cards can be advantageous because you can benefit from rewards and loyalty programs, build your credit history, and take advantage of interest-free credit if you pay off the balance each month. However, each credit card charges various fees, and managing multiple credit cards can be a headache.
When opening a new credit card, make sure the fees, rewards, limitations, and penalties that come with the card make sense for you. Also consider if you can manage the card and pay off the balance each month on time. Lastly, review your portfolio of cards regularly in case it makes sense to close down an account.
Take control of your finances with SoFi. With our financial insights and credit score monitoring tools, you can view all of your accounts in one convenient dashboard. From there, you can see your various balances, spending breakdowns, and credit score. Plus you can easily set up budgets and discover valuable financial insights — all at no cost.
See exactly how your money comes and goes at a glance.
FAQ
How do I manage multiple credit cards?
Managing multiple credit cards comes down to organization. Keep track of all your cards and their various features, including due dates, what you should use them for, the rewards they offer, balances, interest rate, and penalties and fees. There are apps and online tools that help you to manage cards and monitor your credit score.
What is the 15/3 credit card rule?
The 15/3 credit card rule is a strategy to lower your credit utilization ratio. A credit utilization ratio of 30% or below makes you more attractive to lenders. Most people make one credit card payment a month by the due date, but with this strategy, a cardholder makes two payments each month, which reduces your credit utilization ratio significantly. Even if you regularly pay your credit card balance in full each and every month, you may still be carrying a large balance throughout the month, and your credit score may be affected.
How many credit cards is too many?
How many credit cards you should have depends on your lifestyle and how well you manage them. Feeling overwhelmed and making mistakes like not paying off balances on time are indicators that you cannot keep track of your cards. Other indicators that you may have too many credit cards are that you are not seeing much benefit in the way of rewards but are paying high fees, or you have a significant balance on a card with a high interest rate.
Photo credit: iStock/Sitthiphong
SoFi Relay offers users the ability to connect both SoFi accounts and external accounts using Plaid, Inc.’s service. When you use the service to connect an account, you authorize SoFi to obtain account information from any external accounts as set forth in SoFi’s Terms of Use. Based on your consent SoFi will also automatically provide some financial data received from the credit bureau for your visibility, without the need of you connecting additional accounts. SoFi assumes no responsibility for the timeliness, accuracy, deletion, non-delivery or failure to store any user data, loss of user data, communications, or personalization settings. You shall confirm the accuracy of Plaid data through sources independent of SoFi. The credit score is a VantageScore® based on TransUnion® (the “Processing Agent”) data.
Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
The information provided on this website does not, and is not intended to, act as legal, financial or credit advice. See Lexington Law’s editorial disclosure for more information.
If you’re considering taking out a loan or credit card, you’ve probably checked your credit score to weigh your odds of getting approved. But what if it’s different depending on which scoring model you check?
Since you have multiple types of credit scores, the number can vary based on the scoring model. Continue reading to learn more about the different credit scores, including FICO® and VantageScore®.
Table of contents:
What is a credit score?
A credit score is a three-digit number that predicts your credit risk based on data from your credit report. Lenders use credit scores to determine who to approve for loans and at what interest rates. Credit scores typically range from 300 to 800 points. A high credit score indicates that you’re more likely to pay back your loans, while a lower credit score signals that you may be a risky borrower.
What are the different credit scoring models?
FICO and VantageScore are the two most popular scoring models used in the United States. Both models calculate your score based on a set of factors that assess an individual’s credit risk. However, the two models use different algorithms and assign different weights to each factor.
Let’s look at the different types of credit scores and how they stack up.
FICO scoring model
The FICO score was the first consumer credit score developed by the Fair Isaac Corporation (FICO) in 1989. According to myFICO, 90 percent of top lenders use FICO scores to determine loan approvals, interest rates and credit limits.
A good FICO score will help you secure better loan terms and rates. The latest FICO model categorizes your score based on these ranges:
800+: Exceptional
740 – 799: Very good
670 – 739: Good
580 – 669: Fair
<580: Poor
VantageScore model
The VantageScore model was developed in 2006 by the three credit bureaus—Experian®, TransUnion® and Equifax®—as an alternative scoring model.
Like the FICO scoring model, VantageScore ranges from 300 to 850. According to Experian, here’s how the newest VantageScore model groups scores:
781+: Excellent
661 – 780: Good
601 – 660: Fair
500 – 600: Poor
<500: Very poor
Other credit scoring models
While FICO and VantageScore are the most widely used, they aren’t the only scoring models out there. Here are some lesser-known credit scoring models you may encounter:
TruVision Credit Risk: Developed by TransUnion, TruVision aims to broaden credit opportunities with insights beyond traditional credit information. The model combines “traditional, trended, blended and alternative data.”
OneScore: Unveiled in 2023 by Equifax, OneScore is a new scoring model aimed to paint a more comprehensive picture of loan applicants. According to a recent press release, OneScore is a “robust, multi-data score that leverages traditional credit history and differentiated alternative data.”
CE Credit Score: Created by CE Analytics, CE is an independent credit scoring model that uses advanced analytics and behavioral trends.
How are credit scores calculated?
Your credit scores are calculated based on a set of factors from your credit report. However, each scoring model assigns a certain weight to each factor to calculate your score.
Let’s look at how the FICO and VantageScore models calculate credit scores.
How is your FICO score calculated?
With the latest FICO scoring model, your history of paying past accounts on time is the most important factor when determining your credit score. Other factors include how much of your available credit you’re using, how long you’ve had your accounts, the different types of loans you have and how many new accounts you have.
Here’s exactly how FICO calculates your score:
Payment history: 35 percent
Amounts owed: 30 percent
Length of credit history: 15 percent
Credit mix: 10 percent
New credit: 10 percent
How is your VantageScore calculated?
Like the FICO model, payment history is the most significant factor when calculating your VantageScore. Additional factors include the age of your accounts, how much credit you use, total balances on your accounts, new accounts you’ve opened and how much credit you have available.
Here’s a look at the factors that determine your VantageScore:
Payment history: 41 percent
Depth of credit: 20 percent
Credit utilization: 20 percent
Balances: 6 percent
Recent credit: 11 percent
Available credit: 2 percent
Why are my credit scores different?
It’s normal for your credit scores to be different. Here are a few of the main reasons credit scores vary:
Your score is calculated using different scoring models: Your credit scores may vary because there are multiple different types of credit scoring models. Since scoring models weigh certain factors differently, your score may vary slightly depending on which credit score you check.
There are different versions of credit scoring models: Each scoring model has multiple versions that periodically update. For example, FICO 8 and FICO 9 have key differences, such as the impact of third-party collections and rent payments.
Not all lenders report to all three credit bureaus: Another reason your credit score may vary is because some lenders don’t report to all three credit bureaus. As a result, one of the credit bureaus could be missing information that either increases or decreases your score.
Credit scores update frequently: When you check your credit score can play a role in what number you see. Credit scores generally update at least once a month and sometimes even multiple times per month. So even if you’re using the same scoring mode, it’s normal for your credit score to fluctuate over time.
How to check your credit score
Accessing your credit score doesn’t have to be a hassle. Here are the easiest ways to check your credit score for free:
Credit bureaus: You can check your credit score via any of the three major credit bureaus—Experian, TransUnion and Equifax.
Your bank or credit card issuer: Most banks and credit card issuers provide customers with complimentary access to their credit score.
Third-party platform: Some third-party platforms provide free credit scores. For example, Lexington Law Firm provides a free credit snapshot, which includes your credit score and credit report summary.
Regularly checking your credit score and credit report can help notify you of inaccurate information that may be hurting your credit. If you notice errors on your credit report, it’s important to investigate and address them with the credit bureaus.
Learn how Lexington Law Firm’s services could help you effectively manage and monitor your credit today.
Note: Articles have only been reviewed by the indicated attorney, not written by them. The information provided on this website does not, and is not intended to, act as legal, financial or credit advice; instead, it is for general informational purposes only. Use of, and access to, this website or any of the links or resources contained within the site do not create an attorney-client or fiduciary relationship between the reader, user, or browser and website owner, authors, reviewers, contributors, contributing firms, or their respective agents or employers.
Reviewed By
Alexis Peacock
Supervising Attorney
Alexis Peacock was born in Santa Cruz, California and raised in Scottsdale, Arizona.
In 2013, she earned her Bachelor of Science in Criminal Justice and Criminology, graduating cum laude from Arizona State University. Ms. Peacock received her Juris Doctor from Arizona Summit Law School and graduated in 2016. Prior to joining Lexington Law Firm, Ms. Peacock worked in Criminal Defense as both a paralegal and practicing attorney. Ms. Peacock represented clients in criminal matters varying from minor traffic infractions to serious felony cases. Alexis is licensed to practice law in Arizona. She is located in the Phoenix office.
Refinancing your mortgage, or replacing your existing home loan with a new one, can lower your interest rate and monthly payments or even get you extra cash from the equity in your home.
Not all homeowners are approved for refinancing, though. With home prices and interest rates still high, lenders are careful about who they approve. The rejection rate on mortgage refinance applications increased to 15.5% in 2023 from 9.9% in 2022, according to the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
If you’ve been turned down, you still have options for refinancing — and ways to improve your chances next time.
What we’ll cover
Compare offers to find the best mortgage
Common reasons mortgage refinancing is rejected
Lenders rely on federal underwriting guidelines from Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac when deciding whether to approve a refinancing application. Some issues are easier for borrowers to address than others.
High debt-to-income ratio
How much of your money is tied up in paying off debts isa major factor in getting approved for refinancing. Your debt-to-income (DTI) ratio is determined by dividing your total monthly debts (including your current mortgage) by your gross monthly income.
A DTI of 35% or less is ideal, according to Experian, although lenders typically will consider a ratio up to 43% for refinancing a conventional mortgage, depending on how strong the rest of their application is.
Low credit score
A credit score of at least 620 is usually needed to secure refinancing, although you may be able to get FHA cash-out refinancing with a score in the 500s.
Low home appraisal
An appraisal of your home’s fair market value ensures it hasn’t significantly depreciated, especially to the point that it’s worth less than what you owe (known as an “underwater mortgage”).
If the appraisal indicates your home is in poor condition or has renovations that are not up to code, it could also lead to being turned down.
Not enough home equity
The amount of your home that you own outright is known as home equity. If you put 5% of the cost of the property as a down payment, you’re starting with 5% home equity. That amount increases as you make mortgage payments and as the home’s value increases. You typically need to own at least 20% of your home outright to refinance your mortgage.
Employment history
According toFannie Mae’s underwriting guidelines,lenders look at an applicant’s career history and income over several years. Ideally, they want to see at least two years at your current job, but you probably won’t have to worry about a promotion or a better-paying job in the same industry. A consistent income is the key.
Taking a lesser role or lower-paying job and lengthy gaps in employment are more serious red flags, as is changing jobs in the middle of the application process. However, you can always try to explain your circumstances to your lender.
What to do if you’ve been rejected for refinancing
Find out why you were denied
Lenders are legally required to explain why you’ve been turned down. Find out the reason (or reasons) and if possible, make any necessary changes so you’ll be approved next time.
Shop for another lender
You may need a lender that is willing to accept a lower credit score. Rocket Mortgage works with applicants with scores as low as 580, rather than the 620 required by most lenders.
Rocket Mortgage Refinance
Annual Percentage Rate (APR)
Apply online for personalized rates
Types of loans
Conventional loans, FHA loans, VA Interest Rate Reduction Refinance Loan (IRRRL) and jumbo loans
Fixed-rate Terms
8 – 29 years
Adjustable-rate Terms
Not disclosed
Credit needed
580 if opting for FHA loan refinance or VA IRRRL; 620 for a conventional loan refinance
Already have a mortgage through Rocket Mortgage or looking to start one? Check out the Rocket Visa Signature Card to learn how you can earn rewards
Ally Bank offers cash-out refinances for conventional and jumbo loans, allowing homeowners to convert their home equity into cash and take out a loan that’s larger than their current mortgage. Ally doesn’t charge application, origination or processing fees and its website has a refinance calculator that provides customized rates without affecting your credit score.
Ally Home
Annual Percentage Rate (APR)
Apply online for personalized rates; fixed-rate and adjustable-rate mortgages included
Types of loans
Fixed-rate, adjustable-rate and jumbo loans available
Fixed-rate Terms
15 – 30 years
Adjustable-rate Terms
5/6 ARM, 7/6 ARM, 10/6 ARM
Credit needed
Not disclosed
Terms apply.
Pay down your existing mortgage
If you didn’t put 20% down when you bought your home, you may need to pay off another chunk of your mortgage before you’re able to secure refinancing.
Work on your credit
If your credit is the problem, take some time off to raise your score. Focus on making on-time bill payments and lowering your credit utilization ratio, or the amount of available credit you’re using. Avoid opening or closing any lines of credit and check your credit reports for any errors.
Experian Boost™ is a free way to improve your credit score. It links utility, phone and streaming service payments to your Experian credit report and uses the You’ll get an updated FICO® score delivered to you in real-time.
Experian Boost™
On Experian’s secure site
Cost
Average credit score increase
13 points, though results vary
Credit report affected
Experian®
Credit scoring model used
FICO® Score
Results will vary. See website for details.
How long should I wait before applying again?
Technically, you can reapply right away, but each application requires a hard credit check, which temporarily lowers your FICO score. So, consider why you were rejected first — if your credit score was too low or you don’t have enough home equity, address the issue before applying again.
If you were turned down because of a recent job change, you may have to wait up to two years to reapply.
How to lower your mortgage payments without refinancing
Whether it’s because you’ve been denied or the rates are still too high, refinancing might not be an option. Fortunately, there are ways you can lower your mortgage payment without refinancing.
Get rid of mortgage insurance
If you have a conventional mortgage, your lender will automatically cancel PMI when you reach 22% equity. You might be able to request cancelation once your equity reaches 20%.
Recast your mortgage
Some lenders will allow you to make a large lump-sum payment toward your principal balance and then re-amortize your loan. The terms remain the same when you recast your mortgage, but the lower balance means smaller monthly payments and an overall decrease in the amount you’ll pay in interest.
Request a loan modification
If you’re facing financial hardship, you can ask to change the terms of your mortgage permanently to help you avoid foreclosure. You can also request a forbearance to temporarily reduce or pause your mortgage, but you’ll eventually have to repay the late or suspended payments.
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FAQ
What is mortgage refinancing?
Refinancing your mortgage is when you replace your existing home loan with a new one, typically to get a lower interest rate.
How much does it cost to refinance a mortgage?
Depending on the lender, there are several fees associated with refinancing, usually 3% to 6% of the loan. Freddie Mac suggests putting aside $5,000 for refinancing closing costs
Can I lower my mortgage payments without refinancing?
Bottom Line
An applicant can be denied refinancing for various reasons, from a low credit score to a new job. If you know why you were turned down, you can work on the problem and reapply.
Why trust CNBC Select?
At CNBC Select, our mission is to provide our readers with high-quality service journalism and comprehensive consumer advice so they can make informed decisions with their money. Everymortgage article is based on rigorous reporting by our team of expert writers and editors with extensive knowledge ofproducts. While CNBC Select earns a commission from affiliate partners on many offers and links, we create all our content without input from our commercial team or any outside third parties, and we pride ourselves on our journalistic standards and ethics.
Catch up on CNBC Select’s in-depth coverage of credit cards, banking and money, and follow us on TikTok, Facebook, Instagram and Twitter to stay up to date.
*Results will vary. Not all payments are boost-eligible. Some users may not receive an improved score or approval odds. Not all lenders use Experian credit files, and not all lenders use scores impacted by Experian Boost™. Learn more.
Editorial Note: Opinions, analyses, reviews or recommendations expressed in this article are those of the Select editorial staff’s alone, and have not been reviewed, approved or otherwise endorsed by any third party.
If you’re like most people embarking on a home-buying journey, one of your first steps will be finding a mortgage lender. There’s a lot to consider when it comes to choosing the right one — everything from interest rates, loan types and fees to service and experience.
When comparing lenders, it’s worth taking your time and choosing carefully. Purchasing a home is a big step, and you want a knowledgeable lending partner by your side as you weigh your financing options and navigate the paperwork involved. A good mortgage lender is a valuable resource and can make the home-buying process easier and less stressful. Let’s take a look at the steps you can take to find the right lender fit for you.
How to Find a Mortgage Lender
There are several types of lenders you can look to for securing your home loan, with the most popular being direct lenders and mortgage brokers.
Direct lenders. Banks, credit unions and mortgage companies are considered direct lenders and handle the entire mortgage process from origination to closing.
Mortgage brokers. Mortgage brokers work independently with a variety of loan originators, including direct lenders, to help clients find a mortgage that fits their needs.
Which type of mortgage lender you choose depends on your personal preference, the type of loan you’re looking for and your financial situation. There are many factors to consider when comparing your options. While interest rates are certainly a big one, there are other things to think about, such as fees, loan products, the process and the lender’s experience and reputation.
Here are some tips for choosing the right lender and how to best set yourself up for mortgage success.
Starting the Loan Certification Process
When choosing a lender, look for one that offers a written letter or certification you can provide to sellers to let them know you are qualified. This gives you a clear picture of your buying power and can help you make a stronger offer on a home. When you work with a lender that provides this, you’re doing much of the legwork involved in obtaining a mortgage contract without actually finalizing it.
Choosing Pennymac as your lender gives you access to our unique BuyerReady Certification process. This certification gets you even closer to your new home by confirming precisely how much of a mortgage you will qualify for.
While a BuyerReady Certification does not guarantee a closing, it is a conditional approval based on the information you provide us through the formal loan process. You’ll have peace of mind knowing your borrowing limit and be able to show realtors and sellers that you’re serious about purchasing. To receive a Pennymac BuyerReady Certification, you’ll submit a mortgage application and financial documents, which a Pennymac Loan Expert will review.
Here are some of the benefits of having a BuyerReady Certification:
Shows sellers, realtors and lenders that you’re a serious homebuyer
Helps inform your decision-making in terms of how much you can spend on a home and the types of financing you’ll be able to qualify for
Gives you a competitive advantage over homebuyers who don’t have it
Important Mortgage Considerations
Whether you begin your hunt for the perfect lender and loan by visiting your local bank, searching online or surveying your family and friends, here are some key factors you’ll want to consider.
Interest Rates
Interest rates are among the most important factors to consider when comparing lenders. Your interest rate will determine how much you have to pay for your home loan, so take time to do the math when examining your options. Even a seemingly small difference between rates, such as an additional .5%, can add up to a considerable increase in your monthly payment. Over a 30-year term, you could be paying tens of thousands of dollars more in interest.
While interest rates aren’t the only factor to look at when choosing a lender, they are a significant one. Select a lender that offers a range of competitive rates and terms and will quickly lock in a rate when you find the one that works best for your budget.
Down Payment and Mortgage Insurance
Most, but not all, home loans will require a down payment. A home down payment is money paid upfront for the home at closing and is a percentage of the home’s purchase price.
A conventional fixed-rate mortgage may require a down payment of as little as 3%. A Federal Housing Administration (FHA) mortgage has a minimum down payment of 3.5%, while the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs offers loans with 0% down.
When comparing mortgage lenders, be sure to inquire about which loans they offer, especially if you’re interested in a non-conventional loan, such as a FHA or VA loan.
Keep Mortgage Insurance in Mind
While there is flexibility in how much of a down payment you make, if you have a conventional loan and do not put at least 20% down, you’ll have to pay for private mortgage insurance (PMI). This is a policy that protects your lender if you fall behind on your payments or end up in foreclosure. It is paid monthly on top of your regular mortgage payment.
Lenders partner with certain PMI providers and may use different calculations to determine your PMI premium. If you anticipate that you’ll be paying PMI, be sure to factor those premium charges into your cost comparisons. Conventional mortgage insurance can be priced quite aggressively, especially if the borrower has a solid credit score. It’s a great option for those who want to keep cash in the bank for investing and/or reserves.
If you opt for an FHA loan, mortgage insurance — similar to PMI — is always required at first. How much and how long you’ll have to pay the extra monthly premium depends on the amount of your down payment. VA loans do not require any type of mortgage insurance but may have other mandatory fees.
Fees
When comparing lenders, you’ll want to specifically evaluate rates, as well as origination fees and discount points, which can vary depending on who you choose. The homebuyer usually pays the fees, although sometimes a seller will agree to a concession and pay for some. Don’t be afraid to negotiate any closing costs. See if the lender you’re considering will work with you to reduce some fees or make other favorable compromises.
Prepare for Meeting with a Loan Officer
Once you find a prospective lender, you’ll meet with a loan officer or expert in person, through email or over the phone to discuss your mortgage options. Your loan officer will help determine your short and long-term goals with your home purchase and offer options to tailor your loan to your current financial situation. This meeting will provide a foundation for your loan officer to match you with a home loan that meets your needs.
Being prepared will help you make the most of your meeting and facilitate the mortgage process. Before meeting with your loan officer, here are some things you can do.
Improve Your Credit Score
Your credit score is a major factor in determining what kind of loans you may qualify for and your interest rate. A lender will want to be confident that you’ll be able to repay your loan. Your credit score is based on the data in your credit report and is a numerical rating based on your credit history. It takes the following into account:
Your bill-paying history
Total amount of current unpaid secured and unsecured debt
Your open loan accounts
How long you have had your loan accounts open
Credit account limits
Collections, charge-offs and any derogatory debt
Typically, the higher your credit score, the more loan options you will have. A lower credit score can mean that mortgage choices may be limited to non-conventional loans with broader qualification requirements.
The following are three steps you can take to help boost your credit score:
Check your credit report. Request free credit reports from each major credit bureau (Equifax, TransUnion and Experian) and review them for accuracy.
Pay bills on time. Late payments for credit cards and personal or auto loans can negatively impact your credit score. Making consistent on-time payments is one of the most influential credit score factors. If this is an area of concern, consider setting up automatic payments and commit to paying at least the minimum amount due each month.
Reduce credit utilization ratio (CUR). Demonstrate responsible credit management by lowering your credit card balances as much as possible. Try to keep your credit utilization ratio below 30%, which indicates that you are using a smaller portion of your available credit. Calculate your CUR as follows: Credit Utilization Ratio = (Total Outstanding Balances on Credit Accounts/Available Credit/Total Credit Limit on Accounts) x 100.
Organize Your Finances and Documents
To prepare for your loan officer meeting, determine how much money you have for a down payment, as this will be important when evaluating your loan options and monthly payments. You will also be required to submit numerous financial documents, including:
Photo ID
Pay stubs
Tax returns and W-2s and/or 1099s
Bank statements
All the paperwork may not be necessary during your initial meeting. Still, a jumpstart on document-gathering can help streamline the mortgage application process when your loan officer is ready to review them.
Understand Which Loan Is Right for You
While your lender will look at your complete financial picture before presenting — and explaining — your mortgage options, it is a good idea to have a basic understanding of the choices available. The following are the most common types of home purchase loans:
Each type of loan has its benefits and qualification requirements. When comparing home loans, you’ll want to think about:
How long you intend to stay in the loan
Your down payment and credit score
Your income stability
How much you intend to borrow
How long you plan to stay in and/or own the home
Your future plans, e.g., will you need more space for children or aging parents?
Your budget
Assess Your Budget
After you apply for your mortgage, you’ll go through the underwriting process, whereby all your financial documents will be examined and verified. Because the loan officer will ultimately determine how much you can borrow based on your budget, it’s crucial to provide them with the most accurate information upfront during the application process. Providing inaccurate information before going into processing can impact your qualification on the back end. Taking these steps before your loan officer meeting may help improve your chances that you’ll receive a loan approval:
Review your debt-to-income ratio (DTI) with a licensed loan officer. Your DTI is determined by how much recurring monthly debt you have compared to your monthly gross income. Look at your credit card and loan payments. Having less of your monthly income allocated to debt is a positive indicator of being able to qualify for a loan.
Establish how much you can put down on a home. The higher your down payment, the less you’ll have to borrow.
Determine how much you can afford to pay every month. Your new home expenses are not limited to your mortgage. Consider other costs such as:
Closing costs
Insurance
Property taxes
Potentially higher utility expenses
Any applicable mortgage insurance
Homeowners association fees
You’ll also want to think about how your new mortgage will affect your long-term savings goals, such as saving for retirement or your child’s education.
Questions to Ask the Loan Officer
Whether you’re a first-time homebuyer or a seasoned homeowner, the mortgage process may seem a bit overwhelming. Meeting with a licensed loan officer is an opportunity to get your questions answered so you can better understand the process, the loans available and the fees involved.
The following questions are a starting point for gathering information from your loan officer:
What types of home loans do you offer? Which do you think would best fit my needs?
What are the loan rates, terms and eligibility requirements?
What is the required minimum down payment amount for the different loan options?
Will my loan require mortgage insurance?
Is there a prepayment penalty if I want to pay off my loan early?
Do you offer a letter, certification, pre-approval or something similar I can provide sellers to validate my qualifications?
What will my closing costs be?
Can I lock in my interest rate?
Who will be my primary contact? Will it be you or someone else once the loan moves to underwriting?
Can I buy discount mortgage points? How long will it take to recoup them?
These are fees paid at closing that can help you lower your monthly mortgage payment.
How long is the mortgage process? When can I expect to close?
Will the loan closing take place in person or online?
Take your time to ask all the questions you need. A mortgage is a significant financial commitment, and you want to be confident that you’re making the most informed decision. If your loan officer is impatient or reluctant to answer your questions, that may be a sign that they’re not the right lender for you. A loan officer should be a borrower’s advocate and take the time to educate them throughout the process.
Interest Rate Lock
Mortgage rates constantly fluctuate, so asking for an interest rate lock is a smart idea if you find a good rate. An interest rate lock, also known as a locked-in rate, is a guarantee from a lender to give you a set interest rate when you apply for a mortgage. It protects borrowers against potential interest rate increases during the mortgage underwriting process.
Rates can generally be locked for an option of 30, 45, 60 or even 90 days. They are usually locked after the loan application has been reviewed and before underwriting. Lenders have different policies regarding rate locks, including fees, so inquire about policies when comparing lenders.
How Long Is the Process?
The mortgage loan timeline, consisting of a BuyerReady Certification, applying for the loan and underwriting, varies from 30 to 60 days or longer. Some factors that hinder the mortgage process include:
When borrowers do not have all their documents in order or provide inaccurate or incomplete information
When borrowers have more complex situations, such as credit issues
When lenders experience delays obtaining verifications, such as your credit history from the credit bureaus, rental records from a landlord or employment information
Stricter regulations that require lenders to accommodate more compliance checks
While some delays may be beyond your control, here are a few tips that could help expedite the loan process:
Gather as many financial documents as possible before applying for the loan
Do not omit any required information
Respond promptly to your lender’s questions or documentation requests
Stay in frequent communication with your lender and address any issues quickly
Try to avoid making any major financial changes during this time, such as changing jobs or taking on significant new debt
Get a List of All Paperwork Needed
Submitting documents is a requisite part of the home loan application and approval process. All lenders require certain documents to verify your financial and personal information to assess your creditworthiness and ability to repay your loan. The documentation will give your lender insight into your financial situation, income, assets and liabilities. While you should check with your lender to see what specific documentation they will need, at a minimum, lenders will typically ask for:
Employment verification, including pay stubs
Social Security, pension or retirement income, if retired
Evidence of any other forms of income, such as child support
Tax returns for the past two years
Bank statements for your checking and savings accounts
Statements for other assets like your investment and retirement accounts
Student loan details
Information on any debt you have, such as auto or student loans
Gift letter, if family members are contributing funds toward the down payment
Rental payment history, if applicable
There’s a lot that goes into choosing the right lender. But finding one that offers a loan that aligns with your financial goals and provides a positive borrowing experience is essential. With some due diligence, you’ll find a reputable lender to guide and support you through the mortgage process as you make the move toward your next home.
As a top national mortgage lender, Pennymac has loan experts who specialize in purchase loans to help homebuyers through the mortgage process and ensure a seamless home-buying experience. Plus, they can help you get BuyerReady Certified so you’ll know how exactly much money you can borrow and be more confident when looking for a home. Interested to learn more about what Pennymac can do for you? Get a custom instant rate quote today.