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We may primarily focus on airline loyalty programmes and air miles here at TPG but there are a ton of other money-saving loyalty programmes that we also love and help us save money and maximise our travel adventures.

There are dozens of U.K. loyalty schemes out there – of which the Tesco Clubcard and the cross-retailer Nectar card are among the best known.

Both of the above work for travellers who use points and miles, albeit in different ways (their points earned from the loyalty programmes can be converted to Virgin Points and Avios respectively) – but there are other loyalty cards and programmes out there that have similar potential, if sometimes small, benefits for holidaymakers. The key thing to remember is that everything is cumulative, and even the smallest reward can eventually add up.

Here are a handful of loyalty programmes that may be worth signing up for, helping you earn on everyday spending, such as grocery shopping, buying toiletries, or even filling up your car with a tank of petrol.

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Tesco Clubcard

(Photo by Jason Alden/Bloomberg/Getty Images)

Good for: Collecting Virgin Points, earning points on everyday spending, and getting discounts on select items in your weekly food shop
Sign up here: Tesco

Tesco Clubcard is perhaps one of the best-known loyalty schemes in Britain– you can read TPG U.K.’s full guide here.

Though you can no longer transfer Clubcard points into Avios (its partnership with BA ended in early 2021), you can turn £1.50 of Clubcard vouchers into 375 Virgin Points, to boost your Virgin Atlantic Flying Club total. Essentially, you can get 2.5 Virgin points for every one Clubcard point.

So, how do you earn Clubcard points? Once you’ve got the card (or have it attached to your online account), you just do your usual grocery shopping at Tesco, picking up one Clubcard point for every £1 you spend. If you drive, fill up your car with fuel at Tesco and earn one point for every £2 spent. Once you’ve earned a certain amount of points, they’ll be collected into Clubcard vouchers, which you can then transfer into Virgin Points. Simple, really.

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Another benefit for Clubcard holders is that it can help save cash on shopping if they keep an eagle eye out for Clubcard Prices (reductions in prices) and various offers, both in-store and online.

Finally, if you’re keen to rack up even more Clubcard points, there is the Tesco Clubcard Credit Card –a no-fee Mastercard (alas with no signing bonus) that offers points for every transaction over a certain amount. Namely, you’ll get five points per £4 spent at Tesco supermarkets, five points for every £4 spent on fuel at Tesco, plus one point per £8 you spend at other shops and retailers. This is on top of the one point per £1 you’ll get from scanning your card, or shopping online.

Say you spend £100 a week (or £400 a month) at Tesco on your family’s food shopping, that’s 400 points (from your loyalty card) and 500 (from your credit card), totalling 900 Tesco Clubcard points, a £9 voucher or 2,250 Virgin Points per month.

Nectar

Good for: Collecting Avios, earning points on everyday purchases and regular food shopping.
Sign up here: Nectar

If you’re an Avios collector, then it’s definitely worth also getting a Nectar account. If you’re yet to sign up, you can read TPG U.K.’s full guide here.

Similar to the Tescon Clubcard you can earn Nectar points on everyday transactions. 400 Nectar points can be transferred into 250 Avios, meaning your everyday shopping can contribute to your points-funded dream trip. Until 16 November you can also transfer Avios back to Nectar points at this same rate (250 Avios to 400 Nectar points), after this date this conversion rate will change so you need to convert 300 Avios to get 400 Nectar points. The Nectar to Avios conversion however will remain (for now) set at 400 Nectar points for 250 Avios.

The easiest ways to collect Nectar are to shop at Sainsbury’s (where many purchases, including fuel, will earn you one Nectar point for every £1 spent), as well as at Sainsbury’s Bank, Esso, Argos, Very, even eBay on eligible items. You can also earn by spending with Booking.com, British Airways, DFDS, Expedia and Nectar Hotels (plus more brands, listed on the Nectar website).

To amplify your Nectar-collecting ability, there’s also the Nectar American Express Credit Card, which has a £0 annual fee in the first year (£25 from year two), offers a bonus of 20,000 Nectar points (when you spend £2,000 in the first three months) and a friend referral bonus of 5,000 Nectar points.

Spending on this card gives you two Nectar points per £1 spent on virtually all purchases, but you’ll earn three points per £1 on purchases at Sainsbury’s, Argos and other Nectar partners — as you can double dip for that third point with your loyalty card. Say you spend £100 a week (or £400 a month) at Sainsbury’s on your family’s shopping, that’s around 4,800 Nectar points or 3,000 Avios earned per month.

Related: The ultimate guide to British Airways Avios

Boots Advantage Card

Good for: Buying travel essentials, earning points on regular purchases
Sign up here: Boots

With Boots Advantage Card, you collect four points for every £1 you spend in shops, online or via their app, meaning you’ll be racking up points every time you pick up toiletries, make-up, skincare or even a Boots meal deal.

Every point is worth 1p, meaning 1,000 points is £10 to spend. They quickly add up, and though you can’t use your points to get money off a purchase (only to wipe out the full amount), they may well come in handy for frequent travellers. Whether you travel by plane or train, you might find yourself in an airport or station Boots picking up some forgotten sunscreen, travel minis, flight socks, travel adapters, eye masks, or a disposable camera to document your trip… the list could go on.

A range of offers and discounts will be available to holders, too, potentially saving you a bit of money in the long run… though only if you aren’t tempted by sales prices, and only buy what you actually need.

Heathrow Rewards

Good for: Collecting Virgin Points, Avios or other airline rewards
Sign up here: Heathrow

In a nutshell: if you spend a lot of time (and money) at London Heathrow Airport (LHR), then you’d be daft not to consider joining Heathrow Rewards.

Generally speaking, you get one point per £1 spent at the airport, as well as one point for every £10 spent at Travelex exchanging money, with a sign-up bonus of 100 points. You’ll even get extra points when you splash out on expensive items from the airport’s designer shops.

You can transfer your points (at a 1:1 rate) to either Virgin Atlantic Flying Club, into Avios points for use with British Airways, as well as Singapore Airlines KrisFlyer and Emirates Skywards, among others. Check out our guide to Heathrow Rewards for the full list.

Related: The best points and miles promotions running right now

Superdrug Health & Beautycard

Good for: Buying travel essentials, earning points on regular purchases
Sign up here: Superdrug

Similarly to Boots’ Advantage Card, Superdrug has its own rewards scheme called the Health & Beautycard, which could be useful for travellers in need of a few essentials such as travel toiletries, skincare products, vitamins, etc.

You’ll earn one point per £1 spent, with 100 points equating to £1 to spend in-store – though crucially you can use your points to pay for part of a purchase if you prefer. You’ll also have the chance to earn extra points as you shop, with periods where quadruple points are on offer, as well as receive various offers and discounts.

BPme Rewards

Good for: Collecting Avios, getting money off travel products such as luggage and tech, and earning points on regular fuel top-ups
Sign up here: BPme Rewards

Previously, petrol station BP’s rewards scheme was linked to Nectar, but it now runs its own programme called BPme Rewards.

Essentially, you can earn every time you top up your vehicle, wash your car or by nipping into a BP garage for a snack – snapping up two points for every one litre of Ultimate fuel, one point for every litre of regular fuel, and one point for every £1 spent in a BP shop or car wash.

So, how does this help holidaymakers? Well, you can convert 40 BPme points into 25 Avios (though note you can’t turn Avios into BPme points), with an upper limit of 30,000 BPme points being turned into Avios per day. An alternative might be saving them up for Amazon or Marks & Spencer gift cards, to be used for big travel-related purchases such as new luggage, camping gear, clothing, cameras or other handy tech.

Related: British Airways is launching a new wine club where you can earn up to 15 Avios for every £1 spent

Airtime Rewards

Good for: Saving money on your phone bill, earning cashback on everyday spending (even at stores without their own loyalty schemes).
Sign up to the app: Airtime Rewards

Airtime Rewards is a bit of an outlier in this list, as though its app rewards you for shopping at around 150 retailers like a traditional loyalty scheme, the reward comes not in point form but as cashback — which can only be used for the specific, immovable purpose of knocking some money off your monthly phone bill.

All you need to do is check if your phone provider will actually let you get the money off your bill (O2, 3, EE, GiffGaff and Vodafone are signed up) and be willing to download the Airtime Rewards app and submit your debit or credit card details, allowing them to track your spending and automatically apply the discount to your account’s wallet when relevant (but P.S. it won’t work for American Express cards).

Retailers signed up to Airtime Rewards offer varying percentages of cashback on your purchases, which could be anything from 1% to as much as 8%. Popular retailers the app lists include Boots (5% back), Argos (2%), Wilko (3%), New Look (2%), Halfords (4%), Currys (1%) and Waterstones (6%). Foodies can get money back from Wagamama, Zizzi, YO! Sushi and Ocado, while people who utilise public transport can get 8% cashback on LNER Trains.

How much you save depends on how often you shop at retailers like these, but it all adds up – and could knock the odd £5 or £10 off your phone bill, perhaps even monthly, meaning more to save for your next getaway. Or to help with any unexpected roaming charges.

Red by Dufry

Good for: Discounts on duty-free shopping, lounge access and even hotels
Sign up for the app here: Red by Dufry

Red by Dufry is the loyalty scheme for duty-free shopping at the airport, earning you points when you buy from Dufry shops – such as WorldDutyFree (which we have in the U.K.), ExpressDutyFree, Nuance (Asia, Europe and North America) and Hudson (U.S. and Canada), though tobacco purchases don’t count. You can use the discount and earn points at airport Michael Kors, Gap, Superdry, and Victoria’s Secret stores, too.

Sign up for the app and you’ll immediately get a Silver card (and QR code), which is scanned at checkout to earn five points per €1 EUR spent and get up to 5% off the price of your purchases. Other potential benefits, such as discounts on airport lounge access, various hotels, restaurants, museums and car rentals, are also worth exploring.

Over time, you can increase your discount. Once you’ve spent €400, you’ll have 2,000 and reach Gold status, giving you up to 7% discount – while spending €1,000 EUR gets you 5,000 points and up to 10% off your shopping with the Platinum card. A big bonus is that if your airport of choice is Heathrow, Dufry has confirmed you can also double dip and earn Heathrow Rewards at the same time as Red points – as well as redeem Heathrow Rewards as WorldDutyFree vouchers.

Related: Virgin Red vs BA Shopping: which one is most worth your time?

Waterstones Plus

Good for: Earning point on book purchases, and getting money off your travel guidebooks and holiday reads
Sign up here: Waterstones

As far as rewards go, Waterstones Plus is relatively low stakes, but when it comes to maximising your travel, every pound saved is worth the effort. Particularly if you’re an avid reader, who can’t survive a long-haul plane journey without (at least) one book to delve into, need the latest holiday read for a day at the beach, or prefer exploring a new destination with a trusty guidebook in hand.

Simply, you get one Plus stamp for every £10 you spent in Waterstones shops, on the website or in its cafés. When you have 10 Plus stamps, you’ve got £10 to spend in-store. You might also get some useful offers. There’s an option for students, too, which offers the same stamps-to-cash scenario but adds a bumper 5% discount on most purchases.

Texaco Star Rewards

Good for: Earning points on regular fuel top-ups, and getting money off travel purchases such as luggage and tech
Sign up here: Texaco Star Rewards

Another rewards scheme for drivers, petrol station Texaco’s offering – called Star Rewards – has another straightforward premise, with one litre of fuel purchased equaling one point. When you have 500 points, you’ve got £5 to spend, either with Texaco or by converting your points into vouchers that can be used with various retailers – plus you get a 200-point sign-up bonus.

Most notably for travellers, Texaco points can be converted into a Love2Shop voucher, which can pay for or be put towards online purchases at Argos, Currys PC World, John Lewis, Marks & Spencer and Sports Direct – potentially saving you money on travel purchases such as luggage, cameras, or even just some new shoes. You can also use a certain value of voucher towards purchases with the National Trust, boosting any U.K. trips you might take.

Costa Club

One for tea drinks and coffee addicts (Photo by Allina Rosanova/Getty Images)

Good for: Coffee lovers who want regular freebies while in transit
Sign up here: Costa Coffee

If you frequently find yourself drawn to the unmistakable mauve exterior of Costa Coffee when at any British train station or airport, then joining Costa Club – the brand’s loyalty scheme – is a no-brainer.

To be fair, there isn’t loads to think about here. When you buy eight (hot or cold) drinks, you’ll get the ninth free, or if you get your beverage in an environmentally-friendly reusable cup, you’ll only need to buy four to get your next freebie. A bonus is a free piece of cake on your birthday, too.

Costs can quickly add up as you wander the airport or while dipping into train station shops to buy snacks for your rail journey, so you might as well make the most of any savings.

Source: thepointsguy.com

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On average, it costs $23,890 a year to attend an out-of-state school versus $9,410 for an in-state school. That’s $14,480 more per year you could pay — just to attend a college in a different state than where you grew up.

Source: Giphy.com

Over four years, you could end up paying $60,000 more than someone who attends school in-state. So, what are some ways you can lower the cost of out-of-state tuition? Here are seven of our biggest tips.

What’s Ahead:

1. Research Regional Reciprocity Programs

Many schools have “regional reciprocity agreements” or “tuition exchange programs” that let you attend certain out-of-state colleges for in-state rates.

For instance, 18 colleges in Georgia offer in-state tuition to residents of border states. This includes Alabama, Tennessee, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Florida.

On a much broader scale, several states have banded together to create regional reciprocity programs that give you reduced out-of-state tuition at hundreds of public and private schools.

The four biggest regional reciprocity programs include:

  • Midwest Student Exchange — Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and Wisconsin.
  • The New England Regional Student Program — Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont.
  • Academic Common Market — Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia.
  • Western Undergraduate Exchange — Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, Wyoming, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.

Some schools will offer in-state tuition to any student in a neighboring state, while others may require you to meet certain criteria — such as having a specific high school GPA or declaring a certain major.

MU30 Tip: Already have a few colleges in mind? Look on their websites or contact financial aid to see if they have any tuition exchange or reciprocity programs in place.

2. See If You Qualify for a Tuition Waiver

In some cases, you may be able to get a tuition waiver that allows you to attend an out-of-state college at a reduced rate. Tuition waivers are usually granted to students with special circumstances:

  • You (or someone in your immediate family) is a veteran or active duty military member.
  • You were valedictorian or a high achiever.
  • You’re enrolled in a special degree program, such as STEM or health care.
  • You work for the school you wish to attend.
  • You were or are a part of the foster care system.
  • You’re a nontraditional student.
  • You’re of Native American heritage.
  • You have a financial hardship.

To see if you qualify, search for the phrase “tuition waiver” on your favorite schools’ websites. This should pull up a list of all the tuition waivers currently available. (For example, I found 13 waivers on the University of Washington’s website.)

3. Apply for Out-of-State Scholarships

There are several scholarships specifically for students who are attending college out-of-state. These scholarships can help you cover the costs of tuition, room and board, and other expenses.

To find out-of-state scholarships, start by checking with your college’s financial aid office. There’s a good chance the school has scholarships earmarked for nonresidents.

From there, do a scholarship search using a tool like the College Board Scholarship Search or Fastweb. You may find some private scholarships to help lower your out-of-pocket costs.

Read more: Scholarships and Grants: How To Score Free Money for College

MU30 Tip: Does your parent or guardian work in higher education at one of these Tuition Exchange member schools? If so, you can apply for a reciprocal scholarship that lets you attend hundreds of schools in the U.S., Canada, Greece, Morocco, the United Arab Emirates, and Switzerland at a free or reduced rate!

4. Think About Becoming a Resident Assistant

If you’re planning on attending college out-of-state, one way to lower your costs is to become a resident assistant (RA). RAs typically receive free or reduced-cost housing in exchange for their duties, which can include things like leading tours and organizing social events.

So while you may not get a tuition discount, it could help you save on housing while you’re there.

To become an RA, start by talking to your college’s housing office. They should be able to tell you about any open RA positions and their requirements. You may also need to fill out an application and go through an interview process.

5. Negotiate Out-of-State Tuition With the Financial Aid Office

It’s not widely advertised, but you can technically negotiate the cost of tuition and fees with the financial aid office. In fact, doing so could save you anywhere from 5% to 15%. On a four-year degree that costs $60,000, that’s a savings of $3,000 to $9,000.

Beyond negotiating, the financial aid office is also a way to find out what types of aid are available to you as an out-of-state student.

Read more:

6. Become an In-State Resident

This tip may seem a little far-fetched, but hear me out. If you’re taking a gap year, for instance, and have time to establish residency in the state where you want to attend college, it could be worth it.

Every state has different requirements for residency, but you’ll typically need to live there for at least a year before you can apply for in-state status.

Start by researching the requirements for the state you want to move to, then get working on completing them. This could include getting a job or an apartment in the state, getting a driver’s license, and more.

7. Look for Schools With Lower Out-of-State Tuition Rates

If all else fails and there’s no way for you to get reduced out-of-state tuition, another option is to simply look for schools that charge lower rates for out-of-state students.

MU30 Tip: Want to see which colleges have the lowest tuition rates? Check out this affordability calculator from the U.S. Department of Education.

Once you have out-of-state tuition rates for different colleges, you can start to compare your options and make a decision about which school is the best fit for you.

Read more: Not Enough Financial Aid? Here are 10 Ways To Pay for College

Bottom Line

Out-of-state tuition can be costly, but there are ways to minimize costs without racking up a ton of student loan debt. Use these tips to see how much you can save.

Featured image: Alexander Lukatskiy/Shutterstock.com

Read more:

Source: moneyunder30.com

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Failing one class does not mean you’ll automatically lose access to federal financial aid. But these funds do have academic eligibility requirements, as outlined in your school’s satisfactory academic progress (SAP) guidelines. So if you fail to meet the SAP requirements set by your school’s financial aid office, you could be cut off from future aid.

Federal aid — any aid you received by submitting the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) — could include need-based grants, work-study and federal student loans. These could be taken away if you violate your school’s SAP policy.

Each institution defines its own SAP policy, so requirements could vary. But many schools follow these guidelines.

Students must:

  • Maintain a minimum cumulative GPA between 1.6 and 2.0.

  • Complete at least 67% of all attempted credit hours.

  • Finish a degree in no more than 150% of the program’s average number of required credit hours. (If the degree typically requires 120 credits, you can only get financial aid for 180 credits — including classes that you failed or dropped.)

Contact your school’s financial aid office for information on your specific SAP requirements.

What happens if you fall below your school’s SAP requirement?

Before cutting your access to federal financial aid, a school may issue a warning and put you on probation. You may still have access to federal funds during this time, but your grades, for example, are expected to improve. If you do not achieve SAP standards by the conclusion of your probation, you will be unable to receive federal funds until you do. How long you’re ineligible for aid depends on how often the school evaluates student performance.

Some schools only offer SAP probation if you fail to meet academic guidelines due to extenuating circumstances, such as a death in the family or serious illness or injury. By submitting a satisfactory academic progress appeal, you can explain why you could not meet SAP standards and why you believe you will be able to meet those standards in the future. If your appeal is approved, you may be able to maintain financial aid eligibility while the college monitors your progress.

How to regain eligibility for financial aid

To regain access to federal aid, you’ll need to show your institution that you can make satisfactory academic progress as outlined by the financial aid office. You might need to:

File a satisfactory academic progress appeal. Depending on the school’s process, filing an approved SAP appeal could help you regain access to aid faster by placing you on probation, where your performance is evaluated more frequently.

Retake courses at your current school. To improve your GPA or pass more classes, you may need to retake what you previously failed. This can be hard to do without federal financial aid. You may need to consider private student loans to close the temporary gap in funding — but only if you have a solid plan to improve your grades and meet SAP standards.

Transfer to a less expensive college. Improving your grades without financial aid is no small feat. Consider transferring to a less expensive university or community college while you raise your GPA and accumulate enough credits to meet SAP requirements. You can also enroll part-time so that you can work while taking classes.

Submit the FAFSA every year. Your completed FAFSA is valid for one academic year. Complete the FAFSA each year to qualify for federal aid, especially if you’re in better academic standing and are now meeting SAP requirements.

Source: nerdwallet.com

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Washington, DC
CNN
 — 

The Federal Reserve hiked its benchmark lending rate this week for the seventh time this year, capping a year of intense pressure on the housing market that pushed mortgage rates above 7% for the first time since 2002.

But now that the Fed has signaled a softer approach to cooling the economy instead of rolling out bumper rate hikes, potential home buyers are left to wonder: Will mortgage rates come back down? Or have buyers missed their chance?

No one knows exactly where mortgage rates will go in the months ahead. But most experts agree that we have seen the end of 3% mortgages for some time.

Mortgage rates have run up so far and so fast this year that many would-be homebuyers can no longer afford to buy a home. At the end of 2022, when rates were at 3%, few predicted that just a year later rates around this week’s 6.33% would come as a relief, having dropped from over 7%.

After starting the year at an average 3.22%, according to Freddie Mac, the 30-year fixed-rate mortgage took off last spring as the Federal Reserve embarked on a historic campaign to battle decades-high inflation by raising interest rates. By fall, mortgage rates had more than doubled, eventually topping 7% in October. Rates have receded slightly in recent weeks, but loans are still expensive — especially compared to the historically low rates buyers were getting during the pandemic.

Home shoppers have watched their buying power evaporate, with higher rates adding hundreds of dollars onto what they would pay each month.

High mortgage rates remain the primary impediment to home buying, according to a recent buyer and seller sentiment survey conducted by Fannie Mae. Homebuying and home-selling sentiment are both significantly lower than they were last year.

Based on the survey, people in the real estate market continue to expect mortgage rates to rise but home prices to decline, said Doug Duncan, Fannie Mae senior vice president and chief economist.

He said he expects mortgage demand to be dampened by affordability challenges, while “homeowners with significantly lower-than-current mortgage rates may be discouraged from listing their property and potentially taking on a new, much higher mortgage rate.”

Is this the new normal?

While the Fed’s rate hikes are expected to continue, many analysts anticipate they will be smaller than the recent bout of three-quarter-point hikes and will start to taper off as inflation starts to cool, which should mean mortgage rates will likely come down too.

The Fed does not set the interest rates borrowers pay on mortgages directly. But its actions influence them. Mortgage rates tend to track the yield on 10-year US Treasury bonds, which move based on a combination of anticipation about the Fed’s actions, what the Fed actually does and investors’ reactions. When Treasury yields go up, so do mortgage rates; when they go down, mortgage rates tend to follow.

If rates do drop, just how low will they go?

“If inflation continues to decelerate over the next several months, mortgage rates will likely stabilize below 7%,” said Nadia Evangelou, senior economist and director of forecasting at the National Association of Realtors. “That’s still double the previous year’s rate, but it’s better than an 8% rate, which is the historical average for the 30-year fixed mortgage.”

Looking ahead, Melissa Cohn, regional vice president at William Raveis Mortgage, said buyers should expect rates to level off in 2023 around where they were in the years before the pandemic — around 4% or 5%.

“We had an active and healthy real estate market then,” she said.

But Cohn said she does not expect a “meaningful” decline in mortgage rates until the third or fourth quarter of 2023. “Mortgage rates will drop a bit in December, we’ll see a brief flurry of activity, but there are likely to be more increases in the new year.”

And don’t expect to see rates drop at the same speed at which they rose this year, she said.

“We have to remember mortgage rates come down much slower than they go up,” said Cohn. “Banks will want to see proof that rates are meaningfully coming down and not a one-shot wonder.”

The weekly swings in mortgage rates this year have been about three times the size of those seen in a typical year, said Danielle Hale, chief economist at Realtor.com. The Fed’s extra-large rate hikes aren’t the only thing causing that.

Economic uncertainty is creating a larger gap or “spread” between the 10-year Treasury yield and mortgage rates. Typically, mortgage rates are about two percentage points above the 10-year Treasury yield, but recently the gap has been wider.

The main driver of the widening spread is greater interest rate risk, according to a recent report from the Urban Institute.

“The uncertainty about the effects of Fed policy to date and about the trajectory of future policy has resulted in large movements in interest rates,” wrote Laurie Goodman and Michael Neal, the report’s authors.

Consumer mortgages are packaged and sold off to investors. The higher myeortgage rates are, the more money investors can make. But as rates fall, more homeowners will choose to prepay their mortgages or refinance, making the loans less attractive to investors.

“Volatility increases the level of mortgage rates, compared to Treasury rates, because of the prepayment option,” said Chester Spatt, professor of finance at Carnegie Mellon University’s Tepper School of Business. “If you’re in a new loan at 7% and rates go to 6%, you may choose to prepay and refinance into a lower rate.”

It is abnormal to have such a large spread, said Lawrence Yun, chief economist for NAR, adding that other times when the spread was wider were during the 2008 financial crisis and the early days of the pandemic.

“Hopefully this large spread will dissipate by the spring home buying season,” he said. “If so, maybe buyers will face mortgage rates in the 5’s.”

What buyers can expect

Lisa Sturtevant, chief economist at Bright MLS, a multiple listing service in the mid-Atlantic region, also expects mortgage rates to fall further in 2023, but she doesn’t expect them to drop quickly.

“We were in unprecedented territory with rates under 3%,” she said. “There is no reason to suggest we will be back there. But they will be down from where we’ve been.”

“Housing market activity will continue to be relatively sluggish — even if mortgage rates do begin to come down — since so many existing homeowners are locked into sub-3% loans and will still not be eager to move into a higher rate,” she said.

As a result, the inventory of available homes for sale will remain tight into 2023. In many markets this could guard against prices dropping by a significant amount.

“Prospective buyers may be tempted to try to ‘time’ rates to jump into the market when rates dip,” she said. “But timing rates is difficult.”

Instead, would-be buyers should shop around, getting quotes from multiple lenders, including different types like a large national bank, an online lender or a community bank or credit union.

“There is a lot of variability in rates, terms, and mortgage products in this changing market,” Sturtevant said. “It is more important than ever that buyers compare offers from different lenders to find the financing that works best for them.”

Source: cnn.com

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One of the trickiest aspects of homeownership is unloading an existing property while acquiring a replacement.

Aside from being stressful, it can also be difficult it not impossible thanks to financing constraints and unwanted contingencies, which a home seller likely won’t accept in a hot market.

Unfortunately for those in this predicament, real estate is red hot at the moment, thanks to a lack of inventory and record low mortgage rates.

This means contingent offers, where you must sell before you commit to buy, aren’t likely to be accepted. And worse yet, even an offer that requires a mortgage could be denied in favor of an all-cash offer.

Enter “Knock Home Swap,” which as the name implies, looks to solve this common conundrum by giving the concurrent home buyer/seller some helpful tools to compete.

How Knock Home Swap Works

how knock works

  • First you get pre-approved for a mortgage with Knock Lending LLC
  • This allows you to make offers on a replacement home with down payment assistance included
  • Once you find the right home you can move in and make just the new mortgage payment
  • In the meantime, your old home will be prepped, listed, and sold while they cover monthly mortgage payments

We’ve heard of home swapping before, with it being a common feature with popular iBuyers.

For example, Opendoor, HomeLight, Reali, and Offerpad all offer trade-in programs where you can sell them your home and buy one from them at the same time.

But unlike an iBuyer, Knock doesn’t purchase your old home from you—instead, it’s sold on the open market via a licensed real estate agent. Ideally for a much higher price.

To close the buy/sell gap, they integrate a “competitive mortgage,” along with an interest-free bridge loan (similar to the one Compass offers) that covers the down payment on the new home, along with mortgage payments on the old home.

You can also claim up to $25,000 for “home prep and repairs” on the old property so it sells quickly and for top dollar, similar to the service provided by Curbio.

So it’s almost like Knock combined several different fintech offerings into one to make the home selling, buying, renovating, and mortgage financing process one smooth transaction.

In exchange for all these services, Knock charges a 1.25% convenience fee when you close on your new home, which can be rolled into the mortgage if you wish.

Once your old home sells, you pay back Knock for any monies advanced, such as down payment assistance, mortgage payments, and home preparation costs.

Speaking of, they’ll advance up to six mortgage payments on your old home, $25,000 in home renovation costs, and up to 5% down payment on the new purchase.

Which Homes Qualify for Knock Home Swap?

  • Property must be located in their service area (new markets launching soon)
  • Must be single-family residence, condo, or townhome that is eligible for traditional home loan financing
  • Title must be clear and held by seller
  • Must be owner-occupied or vacant (no tenants)
  • Knock must value home at $150k or higher (or combined value of old/new homes must be at least $350,000-$400,000)

At the moment, Knock Home Swap is live in a limited number of cities, mostly located in Florida and nearby states.

Those cities include Atlanta, Austin, Charlotte, Dallas-Fort Worth, Fort Lauderdale, Houston, Jacksonville, Orlando, Miami, Phoenix, Raleigh-Durham, San Antonio, Tampa, and West Palm Beach.

Several more markets are expected to launch this year and in 2021, so stay tuned.

It should be noted that both homes must be in those markets in order to qualify. Additionally, the property cannot be in an age-restricted community, nor can it be a distressed sale or bank-owned.

They also won’t go for homes with a solar lease, unpermitted additions, or significant foundation or water damage.

It is available exclusively through local broker and real estate agent partners who have been trained as Knock Certified Agents.

Why Use Knock Home Swap?

why use knock

  • You can buy a new home before selling your old home
  • You can get down payment assistance (up to 5%) for new home purchase
  • They provide the home loan and bridge financing that pays old mortgage before you sell
  • Can get up to $25,000 in home renovation costs fronted to sell your home for top dollar
  • Fee is only 1.25% plus standard real estate commissions and closing costs

There are several reasons why an existing homeowner might consider using a service like Knock Home Swap.

For one, it can be difficult to buy and sell a home at the same time because contingencies are often frowned upon.

So again, if the market is hot, or a particular property you have your eye on is popular with other buyers, the seller likely won’t accept a contingent offer.

Additionally, there can be complications when trying to juggle two mortgages at once, especially if affordability is already stretched.

There’s also the sheer timing of things when selling one property and acquiring another – will you need a leaseback before you move into the new home?

With Knock Home Swap, you can get the ball rolling on your new home and concurrently renovate and prep your old home to list, without worrying about where you’re going to live.

And you aren’t selling your home at a basement price to an iBuyer – it’s sold on the open market after suggested repairs are made, meaning it should go for a decent price.

Additionally, there’s more certainty overall if one company has approved your mortgage and is covering the old one while your former property sells.

In terms of gotchas, they do charge a fee of 1.25% for the service, which while not free, seems reasonable. I believe it’s based on the new home sales price.

Of course, they are also originating your mortgage and presumably taking full real estate agent commission on both the new home and the old home.

This could mean a standard fee of 2.5% to 3%, which might be more expensive than what other discount real estate brokerages charge.

Still, you seem to get a lot of good value out of it, and if the repairs they suggest result in a higher sales price for your home, it could cover the fees and then some.

Knock Lock and Shop

In early October 2022, the company unveiled a new solution known as “Lock and Shop,” which is basically a mortgage pre-lock option.

It allows prospective home buyers to lock an interest rate while shopping for a property to buy.

If rates go up during that time, they will enjoy their lower, locked interest rate regardless.

If rates happen to go down, they might receive the option of a float-down to capture some of that improvement.

The rate lock periods are being offered in 60, 75, 90, and 120-day increments, with longer lock periods resulting in higher interest rates. And vice versa.

The Lock and Shop feature can be used in conjunction with Knock Home Swap and Knock GO (Guaranteed Offer), which allows first-time home buyers to compete with all-cash buyers.

Knock also recently launched an interest-free equity advance loan that can be used to buy down your mortgage rate and/or increase your down payment to lower monthly mortgage payments.

It can also be used to cover the cost of a rate lock extension via the Lock and Shop program.

Source: thetruthaboutmortgage.com

Apache is functioning normally

The U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) this week announced that it had secured a settlement of more than $3 million from Philadelphia, Penn.-based ESSA Bank & Trust over allegations that the company engaged in redlining majority Black and Hispanic communities from access to credit services around the Philadelphia area.

According to a complaint filed by DOJ in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, ESSA “failed to provide mortgage lending services and did not serve the credit needs of majority-Black and Hispanic neighborhoods in the Philadelphia metropolitan area” from 2017 to 2021.

“For too long, residents of communities of color have been unlawfully denied equal access to credit and shut out of economic opportunities,” said Assistant Attorney General Kristen Clarke of the DOJ Civil Rights Division in the DOJ announcement. “When banks engage in redlining, they perpetuate existing patterns of segregation and widen the racial wealth gap in our country. This resolution makes clear our commitment to holding banks and financial institutions accountable for modern-day redlining while ensuring access to fair lending in communities of color.”

Under a consent order still subject to court approval, ESSA has agreed to invest $2.92 million in a designated loan subsidy fund designed to increase access to credit for home mortgage, improvement and refinance loans, as well as home equity loans and lines of credit, in majority-Black and Hispanic neighborhoods within the bank’s lending area.

ESSA has also agreed to spend $125,000 on community partnerships and $250,000 on advertising, outreach, consumer financial education and credit counseling to the impacted communities specified in the complaint and consent order.

“The consent order also requires the bank to hire two new mortgage loan officers to serve its existing branches in West Philadelphia and conduct a research-based market study to help identify the needs for financial services in communities of color,” the DOJ added.

In a statement announcing the settlement, ESSA “categorically denies violating any fair lending laws or engaging in ‘redlining,’” according to a press release.

“ESSA and its Board of Directors believe this is a constructive resolution to a dispute that has lasted several years,” said Gary Olsen, ESSA’s president and CEO. “It is consistent with our guiding principles and longstanding commitment to provide equal lending opportunities to all of the communities we are privileged to serve. We plan on using these loan subsidy funds to expand opportunities for qualified borrowers who can benefit from this assistance. We’re happy and pleased to help families purchase homes. It is simply the right thing to do.”

Olsen added that during the the time period covered by the government’s complaint, “ESSA did not receive a single fair lending complaint from any customer or potential customer.” He also said that the company opened a branch and business center in downtown Allentown, “in a majority minority census tract.”

DOJ opened the investigation into ESSA after being referred by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC).

“ESSA fully cooperated with the department’s investigation and worked expeditiously to resolve these allegations,” DOJ said.

ESSA’s redlining settlement agreement is the latest in a series of cases brought by the DOJ. In January, Los Angeles-headquartered City National Bank agreed to pay $31 million to settle a case that alleged it avoided providing mortgage services to majority Black and Hispanic neighborhoods between 2017 and 2020.

In July, the DOJ and the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau announced a $24.4 million consent order with Trident Mortgage Co., a subsidiary of Warren Buffet’s Berkshire Hathaway.

In September, the DOJ also reached a $12 million-plus settlement with Lakeland Bank over claims the lender engaged in redlining in the Newark, New Jersey metropolitan area.

Source: housingwire.com

Apache is functioning normally

While the debate about cross-subsidization, the politicization of the agencies and whether we even need LLPAs rages on, we wanted to look at the practical implications of the FHFA courting borrowers at the bottom rungs of the pricing matrices and making it more expensive for other prospective borrowers. 

Are low-FICO, first-time homebuyers better off with a conventional mortgage and reduced LLPA fees, or an FHA loan with none at all? We spoke to multiple loan officers and Washington, D.C.-based think tank Urban Institute to hear their takes.

MIP cuts and LLPA cuts

Because an FHA loan requires lower minimum credit scores and a required down payment as little as 3.5%, they are especially popular with first-time homebuyers. While the FHA loan allows a borrower to put less money down and doesn’t come with LLPAs, that flexibility comes with a high upfront and annual costs in the form of mortgage insurance premiums (MIP). 

In March, FHA Commissioner Julia Gordon made it a little cheaper. She announced that the agency would be reducing annual mortgage insurance premiums by 30 basis points to 55 bps, reducing costs for already-stretched borrowers as home affordability hit an all-time low.

It’s not a huge cut, but it’s enough to tip the scales in favor of FHA loans for some borrowers even with the LLPA reductions on conventional loans, several LOs told HousingWire. Borrowers with low- and moderate incomes and lower FICO scores will still pay more for a conventional mortgage after factoring in PMI costs that are triggered for borrowers putting down less than 20%, the LOs said. 

“The real issue is that with these adjustments, these 660 FICO borrowers with 5% down, they’re going to end up going FHA because not only is their rate going to be higher on the conventional loan, their mortgage insurance costs are going to substantially higher than FHA,” a production manager in Northern California said. 

Of course, every borrower’s financial situation is a little different and the new LLPA changes will add borrowers for whom conventional lending is marginally more attractive than getting a FHA loan, said Janneke Ratcliffe, vice president of Housing Finance Policy Center at Urban Institute.

“That used to be [the case] for nobody with LTV above 95 based on our calculations, but now the people with the very highest credit scores will have a breakeven choice with FHA vs conventional GSE loans,” Ratcliffe said. 

For example, borrowers with credit scores of 760 and above and an LTV of over 95% will continue to be better off or basically breakeven between an FHA and GSE loan with a 35% private mortgage insurance (PMI), according to the Urban Institute’s analysis. 

“If you’re at 740 FICO and a 95% LTV, it’s a $5 difference,” Ratcliffe noted. 

The changes are marginal enough to be absorbed in a lender’s pricing strategy or other variables could make up for the difference, she explained. 

LLPAs are waived for Fannie Mae‘s HomeReady and Freddie Mac‘s HomePossible loan borrowers; and loans to first-time homebuyers with qualifying income that is or below 100% area median income (AMI) or 120% AMI in high-cost areas.

Excluding the first-time buyers who are waived from LLPA fees, no new groups of borrowers will get a clearly better execution with FHA after the changes.

Some will move to more of an “either way” place, so that lender decisions around pricing can more make the difference for these. “People should shop, right?” Ratcliffe added.

In 2022, only 7.6% of purchase loans that Fannie Mae closed were above 95% LTV, according to the Urban Institute. This category of borrowers has historically been the sweet spot for the FHA.

Brian Parkinson, loan originator at Alerus Mortgage pointed to the possibility of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac trying to bridge the gap between FHA mortgages serving minority clients and conventional loans for lower credit score borrowers.

“We also find that FHA mortgages serve minority clients in a higher percentage than conventional mortgages for lower credit scores. I don’t know if Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are trying to bridge that gap,” Parkinson said. 

There are various other reasons, besides pricing, why high LTV borrowers with high credit scores don’t take FHA loans, but many of them are better off after May 1, according to Ratcliffe.

“It’s all about (home) equity, that’s a big buzzword in Washington these days,” Bob Yopko, mortgage broker at First Equity Residential Mortgage, said.

But whether low credit score borrowers with a low down payment would be approved for a conventional loan by the GSEs is another question, Yopko noted. 

“They haven’t forgotten what they did in 2008, where basically, everybody could get a loan and they’re not doing that again. They’re trying to protect their portfolios and make good loans. At the same time, trying to be fair to first-time homebuyers. So it’s kind of a mixed message,” he explained. 

While FHA loans have favorable rates for borrowers, they are often shunned by listing agents in competitive markets — which in turn makes conventional loans more appealing to borrowers.

With the limited inventory, real estate agents are going to lean towards a $200,000 conventional loan rather than a $200,000 FHA loan “because of some of the ticky tacky things and FHA appraisers may call out,” Don Bleuenstein, president at Gem Home Loans, said.

With the changes hardly benefiting a new group of first-time borrowers, Parkinson noted this is when the loan officers’ skills and knowledge come in to figure out the best option for the borrower.

“All of this stuff has to be sifted through with the mortgage professional to figure out what’s the best program, and what program do we need to use to have a successful accepted purchase offer. That’s what gets tricky.” Parkinson said. 

Source: housingwire.com