While he may not have secured a spot on Team USA for the Paris Olympics, Boston Celtics shooting guard Jaylen Brown is fresh off a legacy-defining season.
The eight-year NBA veteran made his third All-Star team, won Eastern Conference finals MVP and Finals MVP, and helped the Boston Celtics win their first NBA championship since 2008.
And while he’s winning big on the court, he’s hoping to bank a personal win too. He just listed an industrial-style penthouse with a historic vibe he owns on Melcher St. in Boston’s Fort Point neighborhood for $4,750,000.
One of the highest-paid small forwards in the NBA, Jaylen lives in a sprawling 7-bedroom mansion in Wellesley, bought back in 2020 for $7.8 million. So he likely hasn’t lived in the Fort Point condo for quite a while.
Nevertheless, the Melcher Street penthouse reflects the sartorial icon’s style and features open-concept, industrial-yet-warm interiors that perfectly complement the building’s historic appeal. Let’s take a closer look, shall we?
Set in a Fort Point building on Melcher St.
Photo credit: Surette Media Group / Douglas Elliman
The stylish 2,964-square-foot penthouse sits atop a 1916-built brick building at 49 Melcher St. in Fort Point, the former industrial district along Fort Point Channel filled with historic lofts, art studios, and galleries.
The building is also home to a popular local steakhouse called Mooo…. Seaport.
It has 3 bedrooms and 2.5 bathrooms
Photo credit: Surette Media Group / Douglas Elliman
The unit consists of 3 bedrooms, 2 full bathrooms, and 1 half-bath, and a spiral staircase that leads to a generously sized rooftop deck.
It has a luxurious primary suite with a walk-in closet, and an en-suite bathroom with a double vanity and walk-in shower.
The MVP of townhouses
Photo credit: Surette Media Group / Douglas Elliman
“It’s the MVP of town houses. It really is,” real estate agent George Sarkis — who shares the listing with Manny Sarkis of The Sarkis Team at Douglas Elliman — says of the $4.75 million Fort Point penthouse.
“The open concept, the feel of it, the brick and beam,” Sarkis told Boston.com. “To see this at about a 3,000-square-foot scale is very hard to come by. Having one of Boston’s steakhouses in the building is a big bonus.”
The unit retains many of the building’s original features
Photo credit: Surette Media Group / Douglas Elliman
Much like the other historic homes and converted buildings around Fort Point, the building retains its most coveted original features.
Brown’s penthouse has exposed brick walls, oversized factory windows that flood the open floorplan with natural light, and a 12-plus-foot ceiling with the original wood beams.
Open-concept penthouse living
Photo credit: Surette Media Group / Douglas Elliman
The historic elements are beautifully complemented by modern additions throughout the open-concept floor plan, particularly in the kitchen, which has been equipped with top-of-the-line appliances and an eat-in island.
The large living area — comprised of living, dining, and kitchen — can easily be configured differently, should the future owner choose to do so.
The penthouse has a generously sized rooftop deck
Photo credit: Surette Media Group / Douglas Elliman
Heading up a spiral staircase, future residents and their guests can enjoy a private 400+ square-foot roof deck to take in the bustling city life below.
See also: Michael Jordan’s house is still on the market, 12 years after it was first listed for sale
Nowadays, Jaylen Brown lives in the suburbs
Photo credit: Surette Media Group / Douglas Elliman
As for where Jaylen Brown is heading next, we’re guessing he already made his choice years before listing his penthouse in the city.
Brown has been famously living in the posh Boston suburb of Wellesley, Massachusetts, known as one of the most expensive towns in the country.
Where he owns a 7-bedroom mansion bought in 2022
Photo credit: Surette Media Group / Douglas Elliman
Back in 2020, Jaylen Brown scored a $7.8 million deal for a massive 10,099-square-foot home in Wellesley that had previously been listed for $11 million.
Sitting on 1.53 acres of land, the mansion has 7 bedrooms, 9 baths, and boasts a farmhouse style with modern aesthetics.
His Boston penthouse is now on the market for $4,750,000
Photo credit: Surette Media Group / Douglas Elliman
Since he’s nice and settled in the suburbs, Jaylen is now parting ways with his Melcher St. penthouse, and has hired Douglas Elliman top producers George and Manny Sarkis of The Sarkis Team to help him offload the city residence.
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Are you looking for the best online jobs that pay daily? Online jobs that pay daily are great opportunities if you’re looking to earn money quickly and conveniently. These online jobs let you work from home or anywhere with an internet connection. There are many tasks that you can get paid to do, from taking…
Are you looking for the best online jobs that pay daily?
Online jobs that pay daily are great opportunities if you’re looking to earn money quickly and conveniently. These online jobs let you work from home or anywhere with an internet connection. There are many tasks that you can get paid to do, from taking surveys and playing games to writing and freelancing.
For me, I like work-from-home jobs that pay daily because of their flexibility and ease of starting, which is great if you want to get paid daily instead of waiting for a weekly or monthly paycheck.
Plus, some of the online jobs that pay daily below will allow you to earn a full-time income, or just some spare extra income – so you have flexibility to choose what will fit your schedule best.
Best Online Jobs That Pay Daily
Here’s a quick summary of my top online jobs that pay daily:
Below are the best online jobs that pay daily.
1. Blogging
Blogging is a great way to make money online and get paid daily. You don’t need to spend a lot to start, and all you need is a computer and an internet connection.
You can blog about any topic you like and I recommend to think about what interests you. Popular topics include travel, personal finance, lifestyle, and food.
To make money blogging, you can use ads, sponsored posts, and affiliate marketing. This means you earn money when readers see ads, companies pay you to write about their products, or you get a commission when people buy through your referral links.
Plus, because there are so many different ways to make money blogging, there is a good chance that you can earn several payouts throughout the month. I get money deposited into my bank account nearly every single day from my blog, which is nice!
I have a free training that you can take – How To Start A Blog FREE Course. Want to see how I built a $5,000,000 blog? In this free course, I show you how to create a blog, from the technical side to earning your first income and attracting readers.
2. Online surveys
Online surveys are a simple way to make extra money from home. You just need a computer or a cell phone with internet access. You can earn points (and redeem your points for cash and gift cards if you accrue enough) the same day as you answer surveys.
And, taking surveys doesn’t require any special skills. You just need to answer honestly, so it’s an easy and flexible way to bring in some extra cash.
Some paid survey sites where you can take surveys include:
Freecash
Prime Opinion
American Consumer Opinion
Survey Junkie
Swagbucks
InboxDollars
Five Surveys
Branded Surveys
I’ve answered many surveys over the years. I liked doing them during short breaks in my day, like before and after work, during lunch, or while riding in a car. They are easy and usually only take a few minutes.
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Swagbucks is a site where you can earn points for surveys, shopping online, watching videos, using coupons, and more. You can use your points for gift cards and cash.
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Once you complete five surveys, you’ve earned $5, which you can cash out using the payout options offered by the site (such as PayPal cash and free Amazon gift cards).
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Prime Opinion is a survey website that helps people to earn extra money by sharing their opinions at home. It’s a simple survey site to use: you share your thoughts, and they pay you for them.
3. Proofreading
Proofreading is a great online job that pays daily. As a freelance proofreader, you can invoice your clients after you complete a project and get paid the same day.
Writers often make errors in their work, and proofreaders help catch those mistakes. This job involves checking for grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors in different kinds of writing.
For example, proofreaders proofread blog posts, student papers, articles, ads, and more. It’s a flexible job you can do from home or anywhere in the world.
The pay for proofreading jobs can vary. Beginners might make around $20 to $25 per hour. With more experience, you could earn up to $50 or more per hour. Specialized fields like medical or technical proofreading may pay higher rates.
The best part is, you can start even if you have no experience as this is something you can learn. You will need a good eye for detail and a strong grasp of language to succeed.
If you enjoy reading and spotting errors, proofreading could be a fun and profitable job for you. Plus, it’s an excellent way to make money every day while working on your own terms.
You can learn more at 20 Best Online Proofreading Jobs For Beginners (Earn $40,000+ A Year).
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This free 76-minute workshop answers all of the most common questions about how to become a proofreader, and even talks about the 5 signs that proofreading could be a perfect fit for you.
4. Bookkeeping
Bookkeeping can be a great online job that pays daily. If you like working with numbers, this is a flexible option for you. You can work from home and you don’t need a degree or much experience to get started.
Bookkeepers handle tasks like recording financial transactions and organizing receipts. They also create financial reports and manage budgets. Many businesses need these types of tasks done so that they can stay organized.
Many online bookkeeping jobs pay well, around $40,000 or more each year. This can be very good if you’re looking for a stable income from home.
You can learn more at Online Bookkeeping Jobs: Learn How To Get Started Today.
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This free training will show you how to start a profitable bookkeeping side-hustle in the next 30 days—even if you have no prior experience!
5. Play online games
Playing online games can be a fun way to earn money from home. There are many apps available that let you play games and collect real money or gift cards as rewards.
You can earn points (and redeem your points for cash and gift cards if you accrue enough) the same day as you play games.
Here’s a quick list of the top game platforms that pay real cash:
KashKick
Freecash
Swagbucks
InboxDollars
Game apps give real money rewards because they make money from ads and in-app purchases. They share some of this money with players like us to keep us playing their games.
Recommended reading: 23 Best Game Apps To Win Real Money
6. Sell stuff online
Selling things online is a great way to make money every day, and you can sell clothes, old phones, books, unused gift cards, kitchen items, and jewelry.
Many people have lots of items just lying around, so you could easily find things to sell without spending money on new stock.
You can quickly sell your items by listing them on sites like eBay, Craigslist, or Facebook Marketplace.
I have sold many items over the years and gotten paid the same exact day. It’s a great way to make money the same day with the things that you already have.
7. Transcriptionist
Transcription work is one of the top online jobs that pay daily with no experience needed to get started. Their job is to listen to audio or video files and type out everything that is being said. Transcriptionists need good listening and typing skills to do this job well.
One of the best things about transcription is you can work from home and have the flexibility to set your own schedule. This means you can work in the evenings, on weekends, or whenever you have free time.
There are different types of transcription jobs.
General transcription involves typing out things like interviews, podcasts, and videos.
Medical transcription requires you to type out doctors’ notes and medical records.
Legal transcription involves court hearings and legal documents.
Beginners can find work easily, especially in general transcription. You don’t need special training for most general transcription jobs. Sites like Rev, TranscribeMe, and Scribie are known for hiring beginners. They usually pay per audio hour, which means you get paid for each hour of audio you transcribe.
Beginners usually make $15 to $20 per hour, but your speed and accuracy can affect your earnings. The faster and more accurate you are, the more you can make.
As a freelance transcriber, you can invoice your clients after you complete a project and get paid the same day.
You can learn more at 18 Best Online Transcription Jobs For Beginners To Make $2,000 Monthly.
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In this free training, you will learn what transcription is, why it’s a highly in-demand skill, who hires transcriptionists, how to become a transcriptionist, and more.
8. Freelance writing
Freelance writing is a great way to earn money daily from home and you just need a computer and good writing skills. Many websites pay you to write articles, blog posts, and other content.
Freelance writers typically start at around $50 to $100 per article and with experience can earn over $1,000 per article.
I have been a freelance writer for years, for many different types of clients and different niches – travel, personal finance, lifestyle, and more.
As a freelance writer, you can invoice your clients after you complete a project and get paid the same day.
You can learn more at 14 Places To Find Freelance Writing Jobs – (Start With No Experience!).
9. Virtual assistant
Virtual assistants help businesses with tasks like managing emails, scheduling meetings, social media posting, helping with SEO on a business website, and making travel arrangements. Many companies look for virtual assistants because it saves them time and money.
I have had a virtual assistant for many years now, and she helps my business run much more smoothly so that I can focus on other tasks – it is a much needed service!
One of the best things about being a virtual assistant is the flexibility. They can often set their own schedule and work from anywhere.
Virtual assistants can work for one company or several clients at once. This can keep the work interesting and help you build a wide range of skills. Plus, you can offer different services like social media management, customer service, and research.
Payment can vary and some virtual assistants are paid hourly, while others get a set fee for each job. Many platforms let you choose the payment method that works best for you. This can be helpful if you prefer getting paid daily or weekly.
You can learn more at Best Ways To Find Virtual Assistant Jobs.
10. Online tutoring
You can make money by tutoring students online, and this job lets you share your knowledge with kids or adults who need help with their studies.
All you need is a computer, a good internet connection, and a quiet place to work. Many tutoring jobs pay well, around $30 per hour on average and up to $50 or $60 per hour for advanced subjects like SAT Prep or calculus (and other higher level math subjects). Some subjects even pay well over $100 per hour.
You don’t always need to be an expert to start. Some jobs only require you to be good at what you teach and be able to explain it well. This makes online tutoring a great job for college students and part-time workers too.
Some sites to find online tutoring jobs include Pear Deck Tutor (formerly TutorMe), Wyzant, and Course Hero.
As an online tutor, you can invoice your clients after you complete a tutoring session and get paid the same day. Typically, with these types of same-day pay jobs, your client will pay right away.
11. Data entry jobs
Data entry jobs involve entering or updating information in a computer system or database, such as by typing info from documents into a digital format.
One perk of data entry is the chance to work from home as many companies hire for remote jobs that pay daily, letting you balance work with other activities.
You can find data entry jobs on websites like Indeed, Upwork, and Remote.co. Many of these online jobs pay daily after you complete a project, which makes it easy to get quick cash.
You’ll need good typing skills for this work because your typing speed and accuracy are important since you’ll be working with lots of data.
These jobs can pay well, too. Pay rates can range from $20 to $35 per hour. The rate can depend on your skills and the company’s budget.
You can learn more at 15 Places To Find Data Entry Jobs From Home.
12. Freecash
Freecash is a fun way to make extra money online. You can get paid for trying out apps, playing games, and answering surveys. The tasks are simple and only take a few minutes.
When you sign up, you’ll find many different offers. Each offer can earn you coins, which you can convert into cash or gift cards. The rewards can be used for PayPal, bank transfers, free gift cards, or even crypto.
One great thing about Freecash is that you can start earning almost right away. On average, it takes about 17 minutes to earn enough coins for your first cashout. This makes it one of the quicker ways to earn online.
I have personally redeemed over $400 in free gift cards from Freecash, so I know this site is real.
Click here to sign up for Freecash.
13. Sell printables on Etsy
Selling printables on Etsy is a great idea because you only need to create one digital file per product, which you can sell unlimited times.
Printables are digital products that customers can download and print at home, such as grocery shopping checklists, gift tags, candy bar wrappers, printable quotes for wall art, and patterns.
You can sell printables all day long, which means that you can get paid each day.
You can learn more at How I Make Money Selling Printables On Etsy.
Do you want to make money selling printables online? This free training will give you great ideas on what you can sell, how to get started, the costs, and how to make sales.
14. Website testing
Website testing is a great way to earn money online and get paid right away. Many companies will pay you to test their websites and apps, and all you need is a computer or mobile device and you can start making money.
You don’t need any special skills to get started either – most website testing platforms just want your honest feedback on how easy their site is to use.
Common tasks as a website tester include checking links, testing navigation, and reporting any issues. You might also be asked to complete certain actions, like making a purchase or signing up for a newsletter.
The pay you can make for website testing varies. Some tests pay as little as $5, while others can pay up to $90 for more detailed work. Generally, you can expect to earn around $10 to $30 per hour depending on the platform and the complexity of the test.
Platforms like UserTesting and IntelliZoom are popular choices. They have frequent testing opportunities and pay through PayPal, which makes it easy to get your money quickly.
In a typical week, you might get 1 to 3 testing opportunities. This makes it a good side hustle, especially if you need extra cash quickly. Plus, it’s a flexible job you can do from home or anywhere with an internet connection.
For me, I have personally hired a website tester to test my website, Making Sense of Cents. They sent over a video of their screen and them talking, where they talked about what they liked and didn’t like about my website. I found it very helpful to see what someone thought of my website from an unbiased view.
15. Dropshipping
Dropshipping is a great way to start an online business without much upfront cost. Dropshippers sell products directly to customers without having to keep the items in stock.
They choose a product, list it on their online store, and when someone buys it, they order it from a supplier (typically, this is done automatically). The supplier then ships it straight to the customer. And, you get paid the same day as the sale.
It’s important to pick the right products and reliable suppliers. Good suppliers help to make sure that customers get their orders quickly and in good condition.
You also need to market your store, of course. Use social media and online ads to attract buyers.
16. Microtask websites
Microtask websites give you the chance to earn money by completing small tasks. These tasks can be simple and quick, like answering surveys or testing apps.
One popular site is Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk). It’s known for its diverse range of tasks, such as transcription, writing, market research, moderating forums, labeling photographs, data collection, categorizing products, and more. You can pick what you want to do and get paid for each task you finish.
Fiverr is another option. You can list your skills, whether it’s writing, graphic design, voice-over work, or something else (there are literally thousands of different kinds of tasks that you can list). Clients hire you for gigs and you get paid once the job is done.
17. Translator
If you know more than one language, you can work as a translator. This job lets you use your language skills to help others understand different texts.
You will translate documents like medical, legal, or technical papers. You may even be translating articles or books. Many platforms allow you to sign up and start translating after passing a test.
Platforms, like Upwork, have many translation jobs. You set up a profile and showcase your skills, and you can choose the jobs that match your expertise and agree on a payment rate with the client.
Hourly rates for translators can vary. Some jobs might pay around $20 per hour, while more specialized or urgent work can pay up to $100 per hour. Your pay depends on the complexity of the job and your speed.
As a freelance translator, you can invoice your clients after you complete a project and get paid the same day.
Frequently Asked Questions
Below are answers to common questions about how to find online jobs that pay daily.
What app lets you work and get paid daily?
Apps like DoorDash, Postmates, and Instacart allow you to deliver food and get paid the same day. These are apps where you work in person and not strictly online.
How to make $25 dollars an hour online?
Freelance writing can help you earn $25 an hour if you’re a fast writer. Proofreaders can also make good money. For me, I am a full-time blogger and I make over $25 per hour online.
How to make money and get paid the same day?
To make money and get paid the same day, you can do things like freelance writing or proofreading, starting a blog, selling printables, taking online surveys, playing games online, data entry, and more.
What are free online jobs that pay daily without investment?
There are many online jobs that pay daily without investment that you can start, such as proofreading, bookkeeping, writing, and translating. There are also sites that you can sign up for and earn spare cash, such as by answering surveys, testing out cell phone apps, and playing games online.
What are remote jobs that pay daily?
There are many remote jobs that pay daily in areas like writing, proofreading, and bookkeeping. Website testing on platforms like UserTesting can pay quickly. Data entry jobs can also have frequent payout options. These jobs let you work from home and earn fast.
What are the best online jobs that pay daily for students?
There are many online jobs for college students that can pay daily, such as selling items on Amazon, answering paid online surveys, starting an online store, reselling items online, and more.
How To Find Online Jobs That Pay Daily
I hope you enjoyed this article on how to find the best online jobs that pay daily.
There are many online jobs that pay daily cash and even some where you can work online and get paid instantly.
These include blogging (my favorite way to earn income every day), answering online surveys, proofreading, bookkeeping, selling stuff online (I have done this many times and it’s easy!), transcribing files, writing, selling printables, website testing, dropshipping, and more.
These fast-paying jobs may pay via direct deposit, check, free gift cards, PayPal cash, and more. It all just depends on what you are looking for.
What do you think are the best online jobs that pay daily?
The 8th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals has blocked the income-driven student loan repayment plan Saving on a Valuable Education (SAVE). As a result, SAVE borrowers won’t owe payments until the legal situation is resolved, which could take months.
Thursday’s ruling was the latest update for borrowers who have endured back-and-forth legal decisions about SAVE since June, resulting from two lawsuits filed by groups of Republican-led states. About 8 million borrowers are enrolled in SAVE, accounting for 1 in 5 student loan borrowers.
“Today’s ruling from the 8th Circuit blocking President Biden’s SAVE plan could have devastating consequences for millions of student loan borrowers crushed by unaffordable monthly payments if it remains in effect,” U.S. Education Secretary Miguel Cardona said in a Thursday evening statement. “It’s shameful that politically motivated lawsuits waged by Republican elected officials are once again standing in the way of lower payments for millions of borrowers.”
Thursday’s legal decision blocks the plan in its entirety, whereas decisions in recent weeks only blocked portions of the plan. However, the decision is also temporary — in place until the court rules on the plaintiffs’ request for a preliminary injunction.
If you’re enrolled in SAVE, here’s what you need to know.
Interest-free forbearance for SAVE borrowers
Of the 8 million federal student loan borrowers enrolled in SAVE, about 4.6 million owe $0 payments based on their income.
If you’re among the 3.4 million SAVE borrowers who do owe monthly payments, you’re off the hook for now. The Education Department is putting all SAVE borrowers into an administrative forbearance indefinitely. Payments won’t be due.
“Borrowers enrolled in the SAVE Plan will be placed in an interest-free forbearance while our administration continues to vigorously defend the SAVE Plan in court. The department will be providing regular updates to borrowers affected by these rulings in the coming days,” Cardona said.
Check that your contact information is up to date in both your studentaid.gov and student loan servicer accounts. This will help you stay informed of key SAVE updates that may impact your repayment.
The Education Department has not yet confirmed if borrowers will get credit toward income-driven repayment (IDR) loan forgiveness or Public Service Loan Forgiveness during this SAVE payment pause, but it’s likely. Borrowers typically get this credit during an administrative forbearance, including a separate July forbearance that applied to some SAVE borrowers.
The department also has not clarified if borrowers can still apply for IDR plans, including SAVE. As of Friday morning, the online IDR application on studentaid.gov/idr was inaccessible. And in a court document filed Wednesday before the plan was struck down, U.S. Solicitor General Elizabeth B. Prelogar said the Education Department would suspend online IDR and loan consolidation applications for six weeks if SAVE was blocked.
How we got here and what could come next
SAVE is more generous than other income-driven repayment (IDR) plans, which the government introduced in the 1990s. For example, SAVE offers lower monthly payments and an interest subsidy that prevents ballooning balances. It also forgives debt in as little as 10 years for those with principal balances up to $12,000, compared to forgiveness in 20 or 25 years on other IDR plans.
Portions of SAVE debuted to borrowers in August 2023. The final benefits of the plan — like capping payments on undergraduate loans at 5% of discretionary income, rather than 10% — were slated to roll out July 1. The Education Department has already forgiven $5.5 billion in student debt for 414,000 SAVE borrowers.
In March, a group of 11 Republican states led by Kansas sued to stop the SAVE plan, alleging that Biden did not have the authority to cancel student debt without congressional approval. In April, a separate group of seven Republican states led by Missouri filed a similar lawsuit.
As a result, two federal judges temporarily blocked different portions of SAVE in late June, days before reduced payments were scheduled to go into effect for millions of borrowers.
One of these rulings was lifted a week later by the 10th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, allowing lower payments to proceed, but not the accelerated 10-year forgiveness. However, the latest decision by the 8th Circuit on Thursday entirely blocks SAVE until a final decision can be made.
In a post on X, Missouri Attorney General Andrew Bailey called the Thursday decision a “HUGE win for every American who still believes in paying their own way.”
However, removing SAVE could leave borrowers with “intense confusion” and “significant and irreparable harm,” Prelogar said in the Wednesday court filing.
“To revert to the pre-SAVE plan approach, the department and its servicers would have to reprogram their systems, retrain their staff and recalculate monthly payments,” Prelogar said. “It would have to devote considerable staff time and other resources to the reprogramming effort, which would detract from other critical priorities.”
If the 8th Circuit finds the plan illegal and the 10th Circuit does not, these differing opinions could land SAVE in the U.S. Supreme Court, according to the Student Borrower Protection Center. A Republican coalition has already asked the high court to intervene.
Student loans are a type of financial aid option that lets you borrow a lump sum of money upfront that you’ll repay over time later, with interest. Some students are unclear whether a student loan is a secured or unsecured debt.
Both federal and private student loans are considered unsecured debt. Keep reading to learn more on secured loans versus unsecured loans, pros and cons of each, and why student loans are considered an unsecured form of debt.
What Are Secured Loans?
A secured loan is a type of debt that requires borrowers to provide the lender with an asset of value to back the loan. This asset is called collateral. Collateral could be your home, your car, other property that has monetary value, a savings account, jewelry, and more. The type of collateral you put up is stated in the loan agreement.
If a borrower defaults on their loan and doesn’t pay it back, the lender can take actions to seize possession of the collateral. It then uses the proceeds from the sale of the collateral to recover the unpaid debt.
Common types of secured loans include:
• Mortgage loans
• Home equity loans
• Auto loans
• Some personal loans
Lenders typically view secured loans as less risky to their bottom line since the promised collateral offers them at least some financial protection. In turn, secured loans might offer lower interest rates compared to unsecured loans.
Certain secured loans are also designed as accessible financing for individuals whose credit doesn’t qualify for an unsecured loan.
What Are Unsecured Loans?
An unsecured loan is an installment loan that doesn’t require an asset or collateral upfront to secure the debt. Since this type of loan doesn’t offer an asset-based guarantee to the lender, the borrower must demonstrate a strong likelihood that they’ll repay the debt.
A positive and extensive credit history, consistent and sufficient income, and low credit utilization are some markers that lenders use to determine how risky a borrower is for an unsecured loan. Additionally, since lenders don’t have access to collateral to fall back on in the event of default, unsecured loans generally have higher interest rates.
Credit cards, some personal loans, and private student loans are considered unsecured loans.
Pros and Cons of Secured vs Unsecured Loans
Secured and unsecured loans have their own advantages and downsides. Furthermore, some benefits are only for certain types of secured or unsecured loans. Before signing a loan agreement, it’s important to understand the pros and cons of each option.
Secured Loans
Unsecured Loans
Pros
• More accessible for certain borrowers
• May offer lower interest rates
• Might qualify for larger loan amount
• Certain loans might qualify for tax deductions
• No risk of lost collateral
• Application process might be more straightforward
• Might offer convenient features or perks
• Student loans might qualify for tax benefits
Cons
• Collateral required upfront
• Risk losing collateral if you default
• More stringent borrowing criteria
• Interest rates may be higher
How Federal Loans Differ From Typical Debt
Students often wonder whether federal student loans are secured or unsecured debt. Both federal loans and private education loans are unsecured debt. However, federal loans have significant perks and protections that private student loans don’t offer.
Unlike private student loans that require a minimum credit score or cosigner, most federal student loans don’t require a credit check or a cosigner to qualify for a loan. The Direct PLUS Loan is the only federal loan that requires a credit check, but borrowers with adverse credit can still access a Direct PLUS Loan by completing a few additional steps.
Federal loan rates are fixed, meaning your monthly payment won’t change throughout your repayment term. With federal subsidized Direct Loans, the Department of Education pays for interest that accrues while your loan is in deferment (e.g., while you’re in school). Conversely, other unsecured loans aren’t subsidized and might have variable interest rates that change throughout your repayment period, making it hard to anticipate your budget every month.
You’ll also have access to a range of repayment options, including income-driven repayment (IDR) plans, which are exclusive to federal student loans. Some borrowers qualify for a required payment of $0 per month while enrolled in an IDR plan. Finally, federal student loans are eligible for federal student loan forgiveness programs that cancel a portion of your student debt after meeting minimum program requirements.
Managing Your Student Loan Debt
Getting a handle on your unsecured student loan debt can feel challenging as you balance other areas of your life. Below are a few strategies to help you manage your student loans:
• Make in-school interest-only payments. If you can afford to, consider paying off the monthly interest that accrues while your loan is on in-school deferment. This applies to both unsubsidized federal loans and private loans. Making these small but meaningful interest payments can help you avoid interest capitalization (i.e., paying interest on interest) later.
• Track when your loan payments are due. Be aware of your loan due dates and minimum payments each month. Late payments or missing a payment altogether can have a negative effect on your credit score, since loan repayment history is reported to the major credit bureaus.
• See if you qualify for loan forgiveness or loan repayment assistance. The Department of Education offers a few forgiveness and cancellation programs for eligible borrowers with qualifying loans, like the Public Service Loan Forgiveness program for government and nonprofit employees. Some states also offer loan repayment assistance programs to workers in certain professions, like health care, social work, and law.
• Reach out to your loan servicer or lender. If you’re struggling to make your student loan payment, your loan servicer or lender is your best resource. They can guide you through relief options that are accessible to you, whether that’s getting on a different repayment plan or temporary forbearance.
The Takeaway
A student loan is unsecured debt. Having to put forward collateral to get a student loan is a roadblock that you fortunately don’t have to worry about.
If you’ve exhausted all federal student aid options, no-fee private student loans from SoFi can help you pay for school. The online application process is easy, and you can see rates and terms in just minutes. Repayment plans are flexible, so you can find an option that works for your financial plan and budget.
Cover up to 100% of school-certified costs including tuition, books, supplies, room and board, and transportation with a private student loan from SoFi.
FAQ
Are student loans considered secured or unsecured?
Student loans are considered unsecured debt, meaning they don’t require collateral from you as a condition of securing the loan. Since there’s no collateral tied to the loan, if you default on the debt, the lender might choose to take you to court in an attempt to collect some or all of the debt.
Is it possible to get a secured student loan?
No. Student loans are a form of unsecured debt. No collateral is required to get a student loan, whether you’re borrowing a federal or private student loan.
How are federal student loans different from private?
Federal student loans are guaranteed and funded by the U.S. Department of Education. They offer exclusive fixed rates, established annual and aggregate loan limits, non-credit-based eligibility criteria, and access to income-based repayment plans and loan forgiveness.
Private student loans are provided by private financial institutions, like banks, credit unions, online lenders, and schools. Private lenders offer fixed or variable loan rates, which differ between lenders. Your eligibility for a private loan involves various factors, like your income and credit history, and repayment terms and plan options vary.
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SoFi Private Student Loans Please borrow responsibly. SoFi Private Student Loans are not a substitute for federal loans, grants, and work-study programs. You should exhaust all your federal student aid options before you consider any private loans, including ours. Read our FAQs.
SoFi Private Student Loans are subject to program terms and restrictions, and applicants must meet SoFi’s eligibility and underwriting requirements. See SoFi.com/eligibility-criteria for more information. To view payment examples, click here. SoFi reserves the right to modify eligibility criteria at any time. This information is subject to change.
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So, pretend you’re wanting to rent an apartment in Phoenix, considering renting a house in Denver, or looking to move into a brand-new condo in Portland – and it’s time to submit your rental application. However, your poor credit history doesn’t qualify you to sign the dotted line alone, or maybe your income doesn’t meet the required threshold.
Depending on your circumstances, you might need someone else to co-sign your lease to qualify for the apartment. This ApartmentGuide article will help you understand the situations where a co-signer might be necessary and explain how having one can help you secure the rental you want.
What is a co-signer for an apartment?
A co-signer is a third-party, usually a person closest to you or a friend, who co-signs the lease with you. This person typically has a stronger financial standing,, has a robust credit history, and a good credit score.
As a co-signer, this third party has a legal obligation to pay if you default on your monthly rent. They don’t have to live in the apartment, but their name will be on the lease.
This arrangement serves as insurance for your potential landlord, especially if your credit check reveals a low credit score or an eviction history. It’s important to note that a co-signer is different from a guarantor, who merely promises to cover the rent if you fail to pay.
What does it mean to co-sign an apartment?
Co-signing an apartment means that you, as the co-signer, agree to share legal responsibility for the lease along with the primary tenant. As a co-signer, you are vouching for the tenant’s ability to pay rent and adhere to the lease terms. This includes covering any missed rent payments and potentially any damages to the property. Although you won’t reside in the apartment, your credit and financial history will be assessed during the application process.
Co-signing is a significant commitment because it involves a serious financial obligation to support the tenant and provide assurance to the landlord. If the tenant fails to pay rent or damages the property, you will be responsible for covering these costs. This means that any default by the tenant can affect your credit score and financial standing. Therefore, it’s essential to fully understand the risks and responsibilities before agreeing to co-sign an apartment lease.
When do you need a co-signer for an apartment?
But when exactly do you need a co-signer to secure your lease? Let’s explore the scenarios where having a co-signer might be necessary.
You might need a co-signer to secure an apartment lease if:
Low credit score: A credit score that falls below the landlord’s minimum requirement.
Insufficient income: Monthly income that doesn’t meet the landlord’s criteria, often less than three times the rent.
Lack of rental history: Little to no previous rental experience, especially for first-time renters.
Past evictions: A history of evictions on your rental record.
Unstable employment: Short-term employment history or frequent job changes.
High debt levels: Significant existing debt that impacts your ability to pay rent.
Citizenship: New to the country with no established credit or rental history.
Self-employment: Income that is harder to verify, such as being self-employed or freelance work.
Who should you ask to co-sign your apartment
The first people to approach are loved ones or close friends, who would be willing to do it.
It’s vital that they trust you, but you also trust them. They will have the same legal right as you to the apartment. This includes the ability to access the space, transfer the lease, and potentially live there if they choose.
It’s important to have an open and honest conversation with potential co-signers about your financial situation and the responsibilities they will be taking on. This ensures that they are fully aware of the obligations and risks associated with co-signing your lease. These risks include being held liable for missed rent payments and potential damage to the property, which could impact their own credit score and financial stability..
You should also discuss every scenario you can think of with your potential co-signer to ensure this won’t destroy your relationship. Signing a legal agreement to take on someone else’s significant amount of debt isn’t a simple favor.
What is needed from a co-signer for an apartment?
Now that you found someone to offer support and help you pay your rent, what do they need to complete the process?
The property manager will require the co-signer to submit a rental application, a background check, proof of income, and a report from at least one of the credit bureaus for a credit check.
Proof of income will include at least two documents to verify that the co-signer’s income covers their own housing and the tenant’s. They will confirm the co-signer paid all previous bills, there are no past evictions or issues with their credit.
What’s the difference between a co-signer and a guarantor?
You may hear these terms interchangeably, but there are some fundamental differences. Think of co-signing as just another person who has access to the apartment and is held responsible for the rent. Every month, both the co-signer and the tenant are equally accountable for the money as they are both on the lease.
A guarantor, however, does not have access to the apartment and is really just a “guarantee” that the landlord will get their money. Guarantors are responsible for the rent money only after the tenant defaulted on the rental property payments. A guarantor is there to alleviate the financial burden when you fall short.
The guarantor can take you to court for not paying your rent, as well.
What to do if you can’t find a co-signer
So, you’ve gone through everyone you know and no one can or will co-sign for you. You’re not entirely out of luck yet.
You can still make a case for yourself with the property manager. For instance, try explaining why you have this issue in your credit score and what you’re doing to fix it. If you try this, it’s important to show proof, like recent payment streaks on your credit report.
If that doesn’t work, see if you can negotiate with your landlord. Offer to pay more rent upfront or a larger security deposit.
What about co-signer services?
Be careful before signing anything if you’re considering co-signing companies. The service can act as a co-signer, but adds on a hefty fee to your monthly rent.Some services charge a one-time percentage of your rent, around 10 percent. While others charge a monthly fee that can equal up to 110 percent of rent payment.
Co-signing FAQs
Is it bad to co-sign for an apartment?
The short answer is no – as long as rent payments are made in full every month. For tenants, having a co-signer can help you secure a lease that you might not qualify for on your own. For co-signers, it’s important to understand that while co-signing itself doesn’t negatively impact your credit report, any missed or late payments by the tenant will. As long as the rent is paid on time, there will be no adverse effects on either party’s credit score.
Is it easier to get an apartment with a co-signer?
Absolutely. If the rental property accepts co-signers, it will be much easier for you to move in. Not guaranteed, but definitely much easier. This is particularly applicable for first-time renters (think college students), people on a credit-building journey, people with low credit scores or an eviction that was outside their control.
Are there alternatives to having a co-signer?
Some alternatives include offering a larger security deposit, paying several months’ rent upfront, or providing references from previous landlords or employers.
How to get around needing a co-signer for an apartment?
You can offer a larger security deposit, pay several months’ rent upfront, provide strong references, or look for properties with more lenient rental requirements.
How does co-signing affect your credit?
As the co-signer, co-signing can impact your credit positively or negatively. If the primary tenant pays on time, it can improve your credit. However, if they default, it can negatively affect your credit score.
How to take a co-signer out of your lease?
To remove a co-signer from your lease, you typically need to prove financial stability on your own, such as demonstrating a good credit score, stable income, and positive rental history. You will also need to get the landlord’s approval and possibly sign a new lease agreement.
Do you need a co-signer if you’re legally an adult?
You might need a co-signer if you’re legally an adult, especially if you have no credit history, limited income, or no prior rental history. Landlords often require a co-signer to mitigate the risk associated with younger tenants.
The information contained in this article is for educational purposes only and does not, and is not intended to, constitute legal or financial advice. Readers are encouraged to seek professional legal or financial advice as they may deem it necessary.
In a pair of rulings, the U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia has rejected the National Association of Realtors petition for a rehearing in its case with the Justice Department.
The latest actions follow a 2-1 split decision that allowed the Biden Administration to reopen a case the trade group thought it had settled while Donald Trump was president.
But the Biden Administration never finalized the agreement and looked to reopen the investigation.
“This ruling stands in opposition to years of precedent on the interpretation of government contracts and the bedrock principle that the government must honor its word,” a NAR spokesperson said. “We are evaluating all remaining legal options and are committed to exploring all avenues to ensure the DOJ is held to the terms of our 2020 agreement.”
Some speculated that the April ruling could lead to more involvement by the Justice Department in cases involving real estate broker commissions and multiple listing services activities. Most recently, the Department filed an amicus brief, albeit in support of neither side, calling on Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals to reopen a case filed by Real Estate Exchange, also known as REX, against NAR and Zillow.
NAR has also entered into settlement agreements with some of the various plaintiffs in the buyer’s real estate broker fee commission cases, with a number of observers speculating that it wouldn’t have taken the action without the Justice Department’s blessing. But the DOJ’s actions since then have dispelled that conjecture.
After the April decision came out, NAR filed an appeal asking for both a rehearing among the three judge panel that initially decided the matter, as well as for an en banc hearing, where all members of the court would then rule on the case.
Both motions were rejected in single-page rulings without detailed explanation.
“Upon consideration of appellee’s petition for panel rehearing filed on May 20, 2024, it is ordered that the petition be denied,” wrote the unanimous three-judge panel consisting of Judge Karen Henderson, Judge Justin Walker and Judge Florence Pan.
The entire court, with the exception of Judge Bradley Garcia, participated in the unanimous ruling denying NAR’s request.
“Upon consideration of appellee’s petition for rehearing en banc, the response thereto, and the absence of a request by any member of the court for a vote, it is ordered that the petition be denied,” the unsigned ruling said.
The law firm Alston & Bird, who is defending Nutter in the case,secured a partial summary judgment in favor of the company. It serves to deny the DOJ from “recovering damages, including treble damages, under the [FCA],” according to an announcement issued by the firm.
“The Court’s decision is significant because contrary to the DOJ’s arguments, the court concluded that proximate cause is required to establish damages under the False Claims Act,” the announcement read.
“Proximate cause” is a way to determine the most direct cause of harm or violation of law. For instance, if a car swerves to avoid a jaywalking pedestrian and hits a parked car, despite the pedestrian’s actions, the proximate cause of the parked car being struck is the swerve performed by the driver.
The DOJ failed to establish any evidence tying proximate causation to the underlying issues of the case, defense attorneys said.
“DOJ had alleged in a civil complaint that from 2008-2010, Nutter failed to comply with U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) underwriting requirements in connection with the underwriting of approximately 1,500 [HECMs],” they explained. “Further, DOJ alleged that Nutter’s conduct caused HUD to insure these loans when they were not eligible for insurance by [FHA].”
But by failing to develop causation evidence, the DOJ is now limited to seeking only civil penalties against Nutter.
Significance of the development
Edward Kang, the lead defense attorney in the case, spoke with HousingWire’s Reverse Mortgage Daily (RMD) about this development and the next steps. While the partial judgment is not a full dismissal of the case — which is currently set to go to trial on Sept. 9 — the defense is encouraged by this development.
“The main takeaway from our side is that the court significantly narrowed the scope of damages and penalties that the government can seek in this case,” Kang told RMD.
The court, Kang said, held the government cannot recover any damages under the FCA, so treble damages sought by DOJ are off the table.
“The court concluded that the government had presented no evidence to show that, even if the alleged misconduct happened (which the court didn’t weigh in on), the government failed to prove if there was any harm or losses caused to HUD,” he said. “This is significant because the financial hammer in any case brought under the False Claims Act is the treble damages provision, which is now off the table.”
This part of the outcome is viewed favorably by the Nutter defense team. “Getting that damages portion of the case knocked out was a real big win for us,“ Kang said.
Trial set to begin
The case will proceed to trial for civil penalties under the FCA, but the court also narrowed the number of loans for which the DOJ can seek penalties, reducing it from 1,571 to 569.
While there are likely to be a number of other motions between now and the impending trial date in September, Kang said much of the focus now is on attempting to vindicate the company once the trial commences.
“The allegations are significant, and we look forward to going to trial and demonstrating that the company did not engage in the conduct alleged in the complaint,” he said. “We aim to show that the allegations are completely false and entirely inconsistent with the way the company has conducted business for over 70 years. The company truly had a culture of compliance throughout its history, and the allegations in the complaint are completely inconsistent with that culture.”
As for the position of the government, the ruling found certain signatures on HUD forms related to the attainment of FHA insurance to be inauthentic, which the court considers “actionable false statements.” Nutter also sought to throw out the testimony of a handwriting expert brought by the government, but this was overruled by the presiding judge.
Reverse mortgage pioneer
In late 2022 amid the ongoing lawsuit, Nutter closed its doors while maintaining its innocence. The lender ceased its mortgage origination activity in October of that year, according to local media reporting at the time.
Nutter Home Loans is considered a pioneer in the reverse mortgage industry due to its quick adoption of the HECM program, which began following the passage of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1987. In 1989, the first FHA-insured HECM was issued to Marjorie Mason of Fairway, Kansas, by the James B. Nutter Co.
In its heyday, Nutter serviced about $7 billion a year in mortgages, but that figure had declined to just over $100 million in 2022 up until its closure. By then, just a small percentage of the firm’s originations were for reverse mortgages.
Lee Ann Reno, a magistrate judge in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Texas, has approved both requests.
TCB is seeking a partial summary judgment on the first count of its original court complaint, which alleges that Ginnie Mae violated the Administrative Procedures Act (APA) by extinguishing its first-priority liens over certain reverse mortgage collateral.
Ginnie Mae is seeking to move the case to a court in Dallas and away from its current Amarillo venue, contending that TCB violated a “forum selection clause” in its tail agreement with Reverse Mortgage Funding (RMF), the agreement at the center of the dispute.
The previous deadline for TCB to respond to the forum change motion was July 8, while Ginnie Mae was required to respond to the partial summary judgment ruling by July 18. In a previous filing, both sides contended that they did not have enough time to sufficiently respond to the claims of each, and Reno agreed.
“The parties assert that they request this extension ‘to ensure adequate time to review and respond to the motions and do not submit this request for an improper purpose or delay,’” the filing reads in part. “The parties further state that they ‘have conferred and neither party opposes this request.’”
The motion to transfer venues now has a deadline of July 22, while the motion for partial summary judgment was moved to Aug. 1. Any substantive additional progress in this case is unlikely to take place prior to the August deadline.
The case so far
TCB initially brought its suit against Ginnie Mae in October 2023, alleging the government-owned company that oversaw its mortgage-backed securities (MBS) program had “extinguished, in return for no consideration, TCB’s first priority lien on tens of millions of dollars in collateral stemming from the [FHA]-sponsored [HECM] program.”
This was after Ginnie Mae allegedly turned to TCB in an effort to avoid “a catastrophic disruption of the HECM program.” In return for lending money to RMF, TCB said it received a first priority lien “on certain HECM collateral.” The bank described this collateral as “critically important” since without it, the only collateral TCB could rely on was a bankrupt company in RMF.
In subsequent filings, Ginnie Mae denied the accusations beyond the material facts related to executed agreements between all parties and the regulations governing the HMBS program. While Ginnie Mae sought to have the case dismissed, the presiding judge allowed the bulk of the case to continue and dismissed only small portions of the initial complaint.
This is yet another component of the fallout from the collapse of RMF, which was the fifth-largest reverse mortgage lender in the U.S. at the time of its 2022 bankruptcy. The company’s failure ultimately required Ginnie Mae to step in and assume control over its servicing portfolio, which led to the dispute with TCB.
Resources needed as scrutiny mounts
Ginnie Mae, by its own admission, said that it requires additional resources to fully and adequately manage its portfolio of reverse mortgages. Data compiled by New View Advisors shows that while Finance of America’s HMBS portfolio recently surpassed the size of the former RMF portfolio, it still represents a sizable share of the total HMBS market despite not acting as an issuer in the program.
Recently, the Mortgage Bankers Association (MBA) and the National Reverse Mortgage Lenders Association (NRMLA) submitted a letter to congressional leaders urging them to endorse full funding for Ginnie Mae in order to ensure maximum liquidity for the government-backed corporation’s mortgage-backed securities issuers.
“Liquidity strains and balance sheet distortions present unique challenges to NRMLA’s HMBS issuer members,” Steve Irwin, president of NRMLA, said in a statement to HousingWire’s Reverse Mortgage Daily.
“With its limited resources, GNMA has been able to focus on these issues and has already provided significant relief to the HMBS Issuers. There are additional opportunities for GNMA to continue its strong work in the HMBS area, and they should be provided the requisite resources to ensure the further stabilization of the FHA-insured reverse mortgage marketplace.”
But Ginnie Mae is also under additional scrutiny for its handling of RMF. The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Office of the Inspector General (OIG) opened an inquiry into the handling of the RMF situation, and it also gained attention from an Indiana senator, who requested additional information from the company over the move.
A federal appeals court ruled in favor of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau that brought an enforcement action against a Chicago mortgage lender, Townstone Financial, after its president made disparaging remarks about Blacks and Hispanics in a radio infomercial.
Ting Shen/Bloomberg
A federal appeals court ruled that the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau has broad authority to discourage discrimination to combat redlining, delivering a major victory to the bureau in a contentious case, CFPB v. Townstone Financial, against a Chicago mortgage lender.
A three-judge panel of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 7th Circuit ruled that the Equal Credit Opportunity Act applies not just to credit applicants but also to prospective applicants.
The CFPB filed a redlining lawsuit against Townstone Financial in 2020 alleging that the company’s CEO Barry Sturner made disparaging remarks about Blacks on a talk-radio infomercial that discouraged minorities from applying for home loans. At issue in the case was whether Sturner had discouraged Black prospective applicants from applying for mortgage loans with Townstone, in violation of ECOA and Regulation B — which prohibits creditors from discriminating on the basis of sex, race, color, religion, national origin, age or marital status.
Congress had indicated that the law must be construed broadly to serve the purpose of ending discrimination in credit applications, the judges said.
“An analysis of the text of the ECOA as a whole makes clear that the text prohibits not only outright discrimination against applicants for credit, but also the discouragement of prospective applicants for credit,” the judges wrote in a 15-page opinion. “When the text of the ECOA is read as a whole, it is clear that Congress authorized the imposition of liability for the discouragement of prospective applicants. Regulation B’s prohibition on discouraging prospective applicants is therefore consistent with the ECOA’s text and purpose.”
The CFPB had cited as evidence of discrimination comments that Sturner made on the radio commercial in which he described a Jewel-Osco grocery store as “Jungle Jewel,” and claimed the South Side of Chicago between Friday and Monday was “hoodlum weekend.”
The CFPB had identified five instances in which Sturner and other hosts made statements that would discourage Black prospective applicants from applying for mortgage loans. In addition, the bureau alleged that from 2014 to 2017, Townstone received fewer mortgage applications from Black applicants, fewer mortgage applications for properties in neighborhoods with a high-Black population and fewer mortgage applications for properties in neighborhoods with a majority of Black residents.
Last year, the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois dismissed the case in the favor of Townstone by focusing on ECOA’s definition of a credit applicant. The lower court also rejected the CFPB’s argument that its enforcement and rulemaking authority allowed it to prohibit discouragement of prospective applicants. The CFPB appealed.
“The district court held that the ECOA does not authorize the imposition of liability for the discouragement of prospective applicants. We take a different view,” the judges wrote.
“The term “applicant” cannot be read in a crabbed fashion that frustrates the obvious statutorily articulated purpose of the statute,” the judges wrote. “Indeed, the ECOA’s scope of prohibition prohibits discrimination ‘with respect to any aspect of a credit transaction.’ ”
The case was reversed and remanded back to the district court.
“Discouraging applicants is the first tool in the book of redlining. A discriminatory lender may feel like using a ‘Whites Only’ sign is the best way to accomplish their goal,” said Adam Rust, director of financial services at the Consumer Federation of America. “I think it was common sense to read the law and come to this conclusion.”
The CFPB did not immediately respond to a request for comment.
The Pacific Legal Foundation, which represented Townstone, had argued that Sturner was protected under the First Amendment.
“We’re disappointed in the decision, which offered only a cursory analysis of the relevant statutes and ignored completely Townstone’s First Amendment arguments,” the public interest law firm said in a statement. “We are considering our options for further review.”
Townstone may appeal the case to the full 7th Circuit or to the Supreme Court, experts said.
The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) has broad authority under the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (ECOA) to prohibit discrimination against credit applicants and from discouraging prospective applicants for credit.
This reinforces the bureau’s enforcement authority as it wages a war against redlining, including in a case against Chicago-based Townstone Financial, according to court documents reviewed by HousingWire.
In the summer of 2020, the CFPB filed suit against Townstone, alleging that it violated Regulation B of the ECOA by drawing “almost no applications for properties in majority-African-American neighborhoods located in the Chicago-Naperville-Elgin Metropolitan Statistical Area (Chicago MSA) and few applications from African Americans throughout the Chicago MSA.”
This amounted to discrimination, the CFPB alleged. That October, Townstone moved to have the case dismissed. A federal judge in Illinois ruled in favor of Townstone in February 2023, but the CFPB vowed to appeal. The bureau sought a review of the decision in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit.
After more than a year of briefs and oral arguments, a three-judge panel for the appeals court ruled in favor of the CFPB on Thursday.
“The district court held that the ECOA does not authorize the imposition of liability for the discouragement of prospective applicants,” the decision stated. “For the reasons set forth in the following opinion, we take a different view.”
In a statement provided to HousingWire, Steve Simpson of the Pacific Legal Foundation — who is representing Townstone in this case — expressed disappointment in the decision but said the organization will continue to find a path forward.
“We’re disappointed with the court’s decision, which didn’t grapple with our many statutory arguments,” Simpson said in an email. “And regardless of the statutory problems with regulation B, the CFPB’s suit against Townstone is a flagrant violation of the First Amendment. We are considering what steps to take next, but Townstone’s defense of CFPB’s regulatory overreach is far from over.”
The panel went on to say that the ECOA vested sufficient authority in the Federal Reserve Board — and later, after the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, in the CFPB — to enforce ECOA in this way.
“An analysis of the text of the ECOA as a whole makes clear that the text prohibits not only outright discrimination against applicants for credit, but also the discouragement of prospective applicants for credit,” the decision reads. “Congress vested the Board (and later the Bureau) with the authority to issue regulations ‘necessary or proper to effectuate the purposes of this title’ or ‘to prevent circumvention or evasion thereof.’”
The panel continued by saying that the intent of Congress upon the passage of ECOA was for the authority to be broad in its enforcement.
“Congress indicated that the ECOA must be construed broadly to effectuate its purpose of ending discrimination in credit applications. Moreover, other provisions of the ECOA strongly confirm that discouraging applications for credit constitutes a violation of the statute,” the decision said.
HousingWire reached out to representatives of the CFPB but did not immediately receive a response.