As we started 2024, the signals in the U.S. real estate market were for inventory growth, sales growth and home-price growth across the U.S. At the time, I observed that even if mortgage rates stayed flat, the momentum seemed to be in the cards for broad, slow growth in the market.
However, mortgage rates didn’t stay flat. They climbed starting Jan. 1 and as of today, March 18, mortgage rates are 30-40 basis points higher than Jan. 1. Rates are off their recent peak of a couple weeks ago, but the latest economic news is still very strong, and the markets are growing less sanguine about interest rates easing significantly soon. Last year, the most common view was that mortgage rates would fall in 2024. That hasn’t materialized yet and many people are less optimistic that it will.
We’ll learn more about the future of interest rates at the Federal Reserve meeting this week. Although I don’t have any capacity to predict interest rates, I do know what happens to the housing market if rates rise or fall from here.
Of my initial expectations this year — rising inventory, rising sales rates, rising prices — only rising inventory remains clear at this moment as we finish Q1 with rising interest rates. I talk frequently about how rising rates creates rising inventory. That’s true again this week in the data. My other two expectations, slowly rising sales volume, and slowly rising prices, are less compelling. Let’s look at the data.
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Housing inventory
Looking at last week’s numbers:
There are 507,000 single-family homes on the market in the U.S.
That’s 1.3% more than a week prior, 22% more than a year ago, and 105% more than two years ago.
This week in 2022 was the last of the 3% mortgages. Inventory and rates rose in lockstep starting then.
There are 250,000 more homes on the market now then when we exited the pandemic boom in March 2022.
At this moment in 2022, interest rates and inventory had started rising quickly together as the pandemic boom ended. Mortgage rates were still in the 3s in early March 2022. By April they were in the 4s and by May they were in the 5s.
As mortgage rates rise, so do the number of unsold homes: Demand slows, inventory grows. As the economy remains surprisingly strong, mortgage rates are staying higher for longer than people predicted and as long as rates stay high, inventory will keep growing.
While inventory is growing across the country, some markets are way more impacted and already have more homes on the market than in 2019 or 2020 just before the pandemic. Nearly all markets are showing inventory growth over last year now and this is expanding every week.
The takeaway? If mortgage rates continue to rise to 7.5% or all the way to 8% again, we will see a pretty dramatic increase in unsold inventory. But if rates finally fall, let’s say to 6.5% or lower, we’ll see consumers act very quickly and this inventory growth will reverse. Lower rates mean more buyer competition and less unsold inventory.
New listings
Last week, 59,000 new single-family listings came to market. New listings volume continues to run ahead of last year and we see more sellers than last year. In fact, last week, after including the 16,000 immediate sales, there were 24% more new listings than the same week a year ago.
Last year was probably a record low for mid-March as we had very few sellers. For the rest of 2024 we should expect to have more sellers than a year ago, which is a very good thing. It was not that long ago that we had 70,000 or 80,000 new listings each week in March. We’re at 59,000 right now so the seller volume is climbing, but it’s still a third fewer than in recent years. So nationally there isn’t any sign of supply and demand getting out of balance.
Home prices
Demand is slow as mortgage rates continue to stay in the 7s. Supply is gradually increasing and demand is generally soft. As a result, some of the leading indicators for future home sales prices are starting to weaken.
One obvious place to watch this pricing transition is in the percent of homes on the market with price reductions. This week, 30.9% of the homes on the market have taken a price cut. That’s up half a percent this week and is now more than a year ago.
It’s totally normal to have around a third of homes on the market take a price reduction from the original list price before they sell. I’m going to watch the slope of this curve as this chart will show exactly how quickly the market reacts to higher mortgage rates. This is a pivotal time for measuring buyer demand.
A longer-term signal is the asking prices of all the homes on the market. The median price of single-family homes in the U.S. right now is $435,000. That’s up a notch from a week earlier and just 1.2% higher than a year ago.
Again, in January I expected this price data to be accelerating a little more quickly than it has. Home prices peak each year in June before receding a bit in the second half of the year. The question now is: will we surpass that all-time high this year or will it get delayed until 2025?
The median price of the new listings inched down to $419,900 last week and the new listings cohort is priced 5% higher than a year ago. The new listings are an excellent leading indicator for future home sales prices. The sellers and listing agents use all their collective wisdom and in aggregate they know exactly where to price the new listing. What this data tells us right now is that across the U.S. we have just narrowly increasing home prices this year so far. The signals are slightly weaker now than the data at the start of the year led me to expect.
Pending sales
This week saw 66,000 new contracts for single-family homes started. That’s 15% more than the same week a year ago. Since mortgage rates have been on the rise this year, the sales have been just barely above last year, so this week was probably a bit of an anomaly, but it is welcome nonetheless.
When we look at the price of the homes in contract but not yet sold — these are the pendings — we see that home sales prices are coming in about 4% higher than a year ago. The median price of all the homes in contract right now is $389,000. Home prices ended 2023 at 5-6% gains over the previous year, so home-price appreciation is compressing as mortgage rates have risen.
If rates stay steady around 7%, I don’t expect much price correction lower. If mortgage rates jump from here, I expect that we’ll see a step down in home prices like we saw in October of 2022.
The couple’s artworks informed the moody neutral palette, graphic patterns, and rich fabrics that are found throughout. “The client gravitated heavily towards greens and grays,” Jean remembers. “They also expressly cited that they wanted darker upholstery for all the seating. As a result of that, we really played with different textures and sheens and used decor to add pops of color.”
In the newly open living-dining area, Jean laid a silver Missoni rug on the original parquet floors to delineate the sophisticated sitting zone. It’s outfitted with a rounded charcoal velvet Edra sofa, a tulip-shaped Roche Bobois Astrea armchair, and a circular, leather-topped coffee table. “The client said, ‘No sharp edges,’” Jean reports, explaining that they wanted the apartment to be safe for their daughter. “That led us to softer-edged furniture that has some sort of curve.”
To complete the elegant space, Jean set a custom ashwood bookshelf against a peachy limewash accent wall. “We neutralized most of the walls using Gray Mist by Benjamin Moore, but didn’t want the room to feel devoid of color, so we injected that through the accent wall, which is a terra-cotta limewash by Portola Paints,” she describes.
Stav Gaon, from Academy Securities Inc., pointed out that this could be the largest holdback ever witnessed in this segment of the US securities market. This move not only poses immediate financial implications for the investors involved but also introduces a layer of unpredictability regarding how servicers will handle troubled assets moving forward. “This is … [Read more…]
No matter what age you are, it’s never too soon to start thinking about — and actively saving for — your retirement. With reports coming out regularly about the severe retirement savings gap in the U.S., it seems as though the majority of Americans are vastly underprepared for this life event.
If your employer offers a 401(k) at your place of work, this is a great way to get started (or continue) saving for your golden years. Before you jump in, find out exactly what a 401(k) is and how it can help you prepare for retirement. If you already contribute to a 401(k) plan, make sure you know what to expect when it comes time to retire.
How does a 401(k) work?
A 401(k) plan helps you save while investing your contributions in various mutual funds. Employers offer this type of retirement plan, so you can’t sign up for one unless you go through your place of work.
As an incentive to save, you receive a tax break. Depending on the type of 401(k) you choose (or your company offers), you either receive that tax break when you make the contribution or when it comes time to withdrawal.
Employer 401(k) Matching
Many employers offer a match to any contribution you make. This usually happens in one of two ways: they’ll either match dollar for dollar up to a certain limit or up to a percentage of your salary.
The most common type of 401(k), the traditional 401(k), allows you to make any contribution tax-deductible each year. So if you contribute $6,000 a year, you get to knock that off your taxable income amount. If you’re on the edge of a tax bracket and make a sizeable 401(k) contribution, you might even be able to jump down into a different bracket with a lower tax rate.
401(k) Tax Rules
While your investments continue to grow each year, they remain temporarily protected from taxation. Unlike other types of investments, you don’t pay any annual tax on your 401(k) earnings until you start to make withdrawals. At that point, you’ll be subject to regular income tax when you take out money each month.
As you continue to make 401(k) contributions throughout your year, you can adjust your investments to become increasingly less volatile. The idea is that as you get closer to retirement age, you have less risk to ensure a solid nest egg when you need it.
The Benefits of a 401(k)
A 401(k) is a retirement savings plan sponsored by an employer. It allows employees to save and invest a portion of their paycheck before taxes are taken out. Contributions to a 401(k) are made with pretax dollars, which can lower your taxable income in the current year and potentially result in a lower tax bill.
Some other benefits of a 401(k) include:
Employer matching contributions: Many employers will match a portion of their employees’ 401(k) contributions, effectively giving you free money to save for retirement.
Tax-deferred growth: Any investment earnings on your 401(k) account grow tax-free until you withdraw the money in retirement.
Potential for tax credits: Depending on your income and participation in a 401(k) or other qualified retirement plan, you may be eligible for certain tax credits that can help reduce your tax liability.
Retirement income: A 401(k) can provide a source of income in retirement, which can help you maintain your standard of living when you are no longer working.
Convenience: Many 401(k) plans offer a range of investment options, and the contributions are automatically deducted from your paycheck, making it easy to save for the future.
The money you withdraw from a 401(k) in retirement is subject to income tax, and 401(k) plans have contribution limits. However, overall, a 401(k) can be a valuable tool for saving for the future and reducing your tax liability.
401(k) Contribution Limits
There are limits to your 401(k):
While it’s a great financial tool, you can only contribute up to $22,500 each year, amounting to $1,875 per month if you divide it out monthly. If you’re over the age of 50, you’re allowed to contribute up to $30,000 a year ($2,500 per month). These contribution limits are in place so that you can only benefit from so much tax savings each year.
Required Minimum Distributions
Another rule associated with a 401(k) is that you must start taking “required minimum distributions” at some point. That means once you hit a certain age, you must begin withdrawing funds from your 401(k) account — and paying taxes on them.
Currently, the requirement is that you start taking distributions the year after you turn 70 ½. Then you have to take out distributions by December 31 of each following year. Your minimum required amount is determined by the IRS based on your life expectancy. There’s nothing quite like a government tax agency predicting your lifespan, is there?
Still, this information helps you determine what kind of tax burden you can expect when you’ve finally retired. While your income may be lower, your deductions might be as well. After all, you probably don’t have kids left at home to claim as a deduction. And if you’ve paid off your mortgage, you won’t have that interest to deduct either.
It’s great not to have those expenses, but it can be helpful to talk to a tax professional to get a better idea of your taxes, especially in that first year of retirement or required minimum distributions. The more prepared you are, the more financial flexibility you can have!
401(K) Plan Types
There are two main types of 401(k) plans: traditional 401(k)s and Roth 401(k)s.
A traditional 401(k) allows you to contribute pretax dollars to your account. Your contributions and any investment earnings in the account are tax-deferred. This means you won’t have to pay taxes on them until you withdraw the money in retirement. When you withdraw the money in retirement, it is taxed as ordinary income.
A Roth 401(k) is similar to a traditional 401(k), but contributions are made with after-tax dollars. This means you won’t get an immediate tax break on your contributions, but qualified withdrawals from the account in retirement are tax-free.
Some 401(k) plans may offer both traditional and Roth options, allowing you the flexibility to choose the type of plan that best meets your needs.
There are also types of 401(k) plans that are designed for specific types of employers, such as safe harbor 401(k)s and SIMPLE 401(k)s. These plans may have different contribution limits and rules for employer matching contributions. So, it’s important to understand the details of the plan you are enrolled in.
What’s the difference between a traditional 401(k) and a Roth 401(k)?
While a traditional 401(k) offers upfront tax savings in return for taxes paid later during retirement, a Roth 401(k) flips the situation around. Instead, your contributions are made with your taxable income. In return, you don’t have to pay any taxes when you start withdrawing from your account during retirement.
While you miss out on tax savings upfront, you’re only paying on the original contribution amount. If you had to pay taxes when you withdraw, you’re also paying taxes on everything you’ve earned, which is hopefully a lot more money than you started with.
Roth 401(k) Requirements
There are requirements to qualify for the Roth 401(k) benefits:
First, your account must be open for at least five years. You also have to wait until you’re at least 59 ½ before you can start taking distributions, unless you’ve had a disability.
A Roth IRA is particularly useful if you’ve accumulated a lot in retirement savings and other investments. While many people have less income when they retire, that’s not always the case. You may have a comprehensive portfolio of investments, in which case you could be better served by not paying taxes on at least part of your withdrawals.
If you’re nearing retirement and expect to drop in your tax bracket soon, there may be no sense in using a Roth 401(k) now. A Roth 401(k) can be a great choice if you have a lower income now because you’re earlier in your career or have tons of tax deductions because of kids and a mortgage.
Like all retirement plans, there are better products for different points in your life. By constantly reassessing how you contribute to your retirement savings, you can maximize your tax benefits now and in the future.
See also: IRA vs. 401(k): Where Should You Invest Your Money?
Employer Contribution Match
An employer contribution match is a feature of some 401(k) plans in which the employer agrees to contribute a certain amount of money to an employee’s 401(k) account based on employee contributions.
For example, an employer might offer a 50% employer match on the first 6% of an employee’s salary that the employee contributes to their 401(k) account. In this case, if the employee contributes 6% of their salary to their 401(k), the employer would contribute an additional 3% (50% of the employee’s contribution).
Employer contributions are a way for employers to encourage their employees to save for retirement and to provide an additional source of retirement income for their employees. Employers may also use contribution matching as a way to attract and retain top talent.
Employer contribution matches may have certain rules and requirements, such as vesting periods, that determine when an employee becomes fully entitled to employer contributions. Make sure you understand the details of any employer contribution match offered by your employer to make the most of this benefit.
What happens if you leave your job?
Don’t worry. You don’t lose your 401(k) savings if you leave your current employer. You typically have a few different options available to you. First, you can leave it in the company plan if they allow it. You won’t be able to continue making contributions or any changes to your allocations. But you can access it when you’re ready to retire.
401(k) Rollover
Or you can do a rollover:
A rollover allows you to switch the funds to another retirement plan without paying any tax penalties. You can either do an IRA rollover or use a plan from your new employer. You do need to make sure your new employer’s plan allows for rollovers.
Then you can continue your contributions as normal, following the rules of the new account, whatever it may be. An IRA is always a viable option because you’re in control of how you invest. And while the annual contribution limit is $6,500 (or $7,500 if you’re 50 or older), it doesn’t count when you’re rolling over funds.
Your final option for handling your 401(k) when you leave your job is to cash it out. If you do this, you’ll be subject to all the relevant penalties. These include a 10% early withdrawal penalty and income taxes for both federal and state. The exception to the early withdrawal penalty is if you are at least 55 years old when you leave your employer.
How much should you contribute to your 401(k)?
How much you decide to contribute to your 401(k) should depend on numerous factors. At the very least, you should contribute the maximum amount allowed to receive a matching contribution from your employer. That essentially equals free money, which you should never pass up.
Next, think about your financial picture as a whole. What kind of debt do you have? If you have any high-interest credit card or loan balances, you may want to focus your efforts on paying those down before contributing more to your retirement plan. Lower interest debts, like a fixed student loan, may not be as pressing to repay.
Furthermore, consider these recommended saving strategies:
Emergency Fund
You’ll probably want a three to six-month emergency fund in case you lose your job or get a sudden illness or injury. Having a large chunk of money stashed away in an easy-to-access savings account can provide you with financial security here and now.
Roth IRA
Once you’ve got your overall savings plan in order, it’s time to start figuring out where else to invest for retirement. Before you max out your traditional 401(k), think about picking up a Roth IRA. This helps you diversify your retirement plans for tax purposes.
Like a Roth 401(k), a Roth IRA lets you pay taxes on your contributions now, so you don’t have to pay anything when you make withdrawals during retirement. It can certainly help you spread out your tax burdens over the course of your life.
Still have money left over to invest?
If you do, revisit your 401(k). Remember, you can contribute up to $22,500 so you can certainly divert more of your income towards that maximum.
How else should you prepare for retirement?
Preparing for retirement takes a constant reassessment of your current needs versus your future goals. As easy as it is to say, “You need to contribute this-many-thousands of dollars a year to survive retirement,” the reality is that it’s much harder to actually do that.
But saving for retirement is still a challenge worth conquering. Even if you’re in your 40s and haven’t started saving a dime, you can start today. Once you’ve got your current savings fund in place that you can use for emergencies, implement some of these easy tips to get ready for retirement.
For now, worry less about picking the perfect type of account and focus on the habit of retirement saving.
Here are some ideas to get you started:
How to Save Extra Money:
Downsize your living expenses, one step at a time.
Place your tax refund into a retirement account.
Stream television instead of paying for cable.
Cut back on eating out.
Stay healthy to reduce future healthcare costs.
Pay down high interest debt like credit cards.
Sell your stuff and put the money towards retirement.
How to Strategically Manage Your Retirement Accounts:
Create a retirement savings goal as a percentage of your income.
Pay yourself first by setting up auto direct deposit to your retirement account on payday.
Take advantage of higher IRA contribution limits when you’re 50+.
Audit your accounts every year.
Consolidate multiple accounts (like IRAs) to reduce fees.
Put your end-of-year bonus into a retirement account.
Bottom Line
Investing in your retirement is really investing in yourself. Taking advantage of your employer’s 401(k) is an important part of the equation. In addition to making regular contributions, be sure to explore all of your options for financing your retirement. A healthy portfolio mix isn’t difficult to develop, and there are plenty of resources available to help you get started.
David Peskin, formerly from Senior Lending Network and Reverse Mortgage Funding (RMF), has purchased an ownership stake in top 10 reverse mortgage lender HighTechLending (HTL) and will lead the company’s new pursuits alongside co-owner and COO Erika Macias.
Peskin spoke to RMD about the move. He shed light on why now was the right time to move into an ownership role at the lender, what he hopes to accomplish and the place the reverse mortgage product will continue to play in the company’s pursuits.
The move to HighTech
In early 2023, Peskin and Eric Ellsworth joined HighTechLending initially as president and EVP of reverse sales, respectively. Their arrival came around the same time as the sudden and unexpected death of Don Currie, the company’s founder and longtime president. Currie had sought to bring both men in and work alongside them, Peskin explained.
“The idea was to work alongside Don and Erika,” Peskin told RMD in an interview. “Don was planning on retiring, and the initial arrangement for me was to buy some of his shares, and then the remaining shares over time. It was very unexpected and sad when Don passed. Don was a great guy whom I had done business with for 10 years and had come to know and trust. Unfortunately when Don passed, it created, I would say, a level of uncertainty in our future with HighTech given that he left all of his shares to his estate which had control over HighTech.”
This put any long-term decisions on hold until Peskin and the company could determine a way forward, but the arrival of 2024 saw the formation of a deal that would effectively continue the original plan, Peskin said.
“The good news is that we finally signed a definitive agreement in January of this year to buy 100% of the estate’s shares,” Peskin said. “And now, we’re simply waiting for regulatory approval. Hopefully, we’ll have that in the next 60 to 90 days.”
Macias remains a shareholder and the COO of the company, and Peskin looks forward to continuing work alongside her.
“She is still an equity owner and she’ll continue to do what she’s been doing,” he said. “She’s been an outstanding partner, we got very lucky to end up in the same place together. We’re very excited to work with her. She’s just been incredible.”
Looking to the future
The closure of RMF was a major shock to the reverse mortgage industry, and when asked about his thoughts on the situation as he takes a leading role at another company he said he is primarily focused on the future.
“I ran the origination side of the business, and was heavily focused on growing our origination platform,” he said. “We had a great team there, and did a great job building an outstanding origination platform. I know people loved working for us, so we’ll build the same culture.”
But Peskin also has a passion for the reverse mortgage market that brought him back into the fold, he explained.
“I’m a big believer in this market, and a bigger believer in solving seniors’ cash flow problems,” he explained. “Because of that, I’m focused on the future, and setting out what I intended to do even before RMF: giving people as many options as possible so they can access their home equity for a safe and secure retirement.”
The question of forward integration
A core takeaway for him is that his previous company was exclusively focused on one product, while HighTech has more product offerings available for its professionals to use.
“One reason I’m excited to purchase HTL is that [at RMF] we only offered reverse mortgages,” he said. “HTL offers a whole suite of products. We think that if you want to properly provide the older homeowners an opportunity to access the equity in the home, you’ve got to offer more than one product. It can’t just be reverse mortgages, it has to be a suite of an overall solution to the customer [that allows them] to let them pick what the best product is for them. And that’s a very big difference.”
A rise in forward mortgage companies are interested in entering the reverse mortgage space.
“Over time, people can learn both products, especially with the use of technology,” he explained. “But I don’t see how you can do [either] without having proper internal support. That’s why it’s so important to have a great support team that knows the diversity of products.”
Older people have a well-documented preference to remain in their homes, but the sentiment around tapping home equity remains low, he recognized.
“I know there are studies saying people don’t want to access the equity in their home, but at the end of the day for a lot of older homeowners, if they want to remain in their home they’re going to have to access their equity. But a reverse mortgage may not be the right product for them.”
Communicating to the industry
Peskin doesn’t expect to make any major changes to HighTech once the deal to buy Currie’s shares is finalized, outside of bringing more people into the fold, he said. He wants the industry to know that the company will be looking to go where older clients feel they need to, which includes a broader product mix than strictly reverse mortgages.
“You’ve got to look at it realistically,” he said. “You need to ask, ‘what do these customers need based on their current situation?’ And if I’ve got products to serve them today, or five-to-ten years from now, then I can build a business around that. I don’t think you can just look at today, you’ve got to look at how to help our loan officers be successful in growing their business.”
The only way to do that, he said, is with products that can meet the needs of both clients while emphasizing the strengths of employees.
“Loan officers need a good diversification of products, and the ability to offer those products,” he said.
Whether you’re going on a far-flung adventure this spring or plan on sticking closer to home, the quarterly bonus categories on the Chase Freedom Flex℠ and the original Chase Freedom® give you plenty of opportunities to earn elevated rewards on everyday purchases and maybe some splurges, too. And if you have the Flex version of the card, the quarterly categories are especially rich.
Holders of the Chase Freedom Flex℠ and the Chase Freedom® earn 5% cash back on up to $1,500 in combined spending in bonus categories that change every three months. From April 1 through June 30, 2024, the bonus categories are:
Select hotel bookings.
If you have the Chase Freedom Flex℠, you may notice that a couple of those categories already earn extra cash back because of the card’s fixed bonus rewards. The quarterly bonus rates “stack” on top of those. That means Flex cardholders (but not holders of the original Freedom) can earn up to 9% back on hotels booked through Chase, and up to 7% back on dining purchases. More on that below.
To receive elevated rewards, cardholders need to activate the bonus categories online by June 14. Rewards will apply retroactively, so as long as you activate by the deadline, you’ll earn extra cash back on all eligible purchases made throughout the quarter.
Chase Freedom® and Chase Freedom Flex℠ bonus rewards categories for 2024
Q1 (Jan. 1-March 31)
Grocery stores.
Fitness clubs and gym memberships.
Self-care and spa services.
Q2 (April 1-June 30)
Select hotel bookings.
Restaurants.
Amazon.com.
Q3 (July 1-Sept. 30)
TBD (In 2023: Gas stations and electric vehicle charging; select live entertainment).
Q4 (Oct. 1-Dec. 31)
TBD (In 2023: PayPal; wholesale clubs; select charities).
Stacked rewards let Flex cardholders score big
Amazon is a mainstay bonus category for quarterly rewards, and the sheer breadth of items you can buy through the online marketplace makes it an easy way to earn extra rewards. But the other two categories — dining and select hotel bookings — have the potential to be much more valuable for Chase Freedom Flex℠ cardholders, thanks to the card’s ongoing rewards. Here’s how.
In addition to the bonus cash back cardholders can earn in rotating categories, the Chase Freedom Flex℠ also has the following “fixed” bonus categories that don’t change:
3% back at restaurants.
3% back at drugstores.
5% back on qualifying Lyft services purchased through the Lyft app (through March 31, 2025).
1% back on all other purchases.
Hotels booked through Chase already earn elevated rewards throughout the year (5% back), as do dining purchases (3% back). The quarterly bonus doesn’t replace those rewards; it “stacks” on top of them, meaning you can earn up to 9% back on hotels booked through Chase, and up to 7% back on dining purchases.
The original Chase Freedom® (which is no longer available to new applicants) has the same 5% rotating bonus calendar but does not have the fixed categories. So holders of that card will earn 5% in all of the quarterly categories.
🤓Nerdy Tip
Why 7% and 9%? When Chase awards 5% cash back in its quarterly categories, it does so using this logic: Purchases that normally get 1% cash back are now earning an additional 4% cash back — so the quarterly bonus is 4% on top of the usual rewards. So for the second quarter of 2024, restaurant spending that usually earns 3% with Chase Freedom Flex℠ earns 4% on top of that, for a total of 7%. Hotels booked through Chase usually earn 5%, so adding 4% to that gets you to 9% cash back.
Watch out for foreign transaction fees
These elevated rewards on dining and hotels booked through Chase make the Chase Freedom Flex℠ and Chase Freedom® ideal travel companions for spring and early summer trips. But if you’re traveling internationally, you might want to think twice before you whip out either card to pay for a meal or a hotel reservation.
Chase generally charges a 3% foreign transaction fee on its nontravel credit cards, which will cut into the value of any rewards you earn. The reward rates are high enough that you can still come out ahead, but you may need to do a little math first.
The information related to Chase Freedom® credit card has been collected by NerdWallet and has not been reviewed or provided by the issuer of this card.
Editor’s Note: Options are not suitable for all investors. Options involve risks, including substantial risk of loss and the possibility an investor may lose the entire amount invested in a short period of time. Please see the Characteristics and Risks of Standardized Options.
The greenshoe option allows underwriters involved with IPOs to sell more shares than initially agreed upon: usually up to 15% more. That can occur if there is enough investor demand to purchase the shares.
Because IPO share prices can be volatile, the greenshoe option is an important tool that can help underwriters stabilize the price of a newly listed stock to protect both the company and investors.
Understanding the Greenshoe Option
Also called the over-allotment option, the greenshoe provision is part of an underwriting agreement between an underwriter and a company issuing stock as part of an IPO, or initial public offering. The greenshoe option is the only type of price stabilization allowed by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).
The SEC allows this because it increases competitiveness and efficiency of IPO fundraising. It gives underwriters the ability to stabilize security prices by increasing the available supply. It is the responsibility of an underwriter to help sell shares, build a market for a new stock, and use the tools at their disposal to launch a successful initial public offering.
The greenshoe option got its name when the Green Shoe Manufacturing Company was issued the first over-allotment options in 1919.
💡 Quick Tip: Access to IPO shares before they trade on public exchanges has usually been available only to large institutional investors. That’s changing now, and some brokerages offer pre-listing IPO investing to qualified investors.
How Does a Greenshoe Option Work?
During the IPO process, stock issuers set limits on how many shares they will sell to investors during an IPO. With a greenshoe option, the IPO underwriter can sell up to 15% more shares than the set amount.
IPO underwriters want to sell as many shares as they can because they earn on commission as a percentage of IPO sales.
All of the details about an IPO sale and underwriter abilities appear in the prospectus filed by the issuing company before the sale. Not every company allows their investment banker to use the greenshoe option. For instance, if they only want to raise a specific amount of capital, they wouldn’t want to sell any more shares than necessary to raise that money.
There are two ways an underwriter can over allot sales:
At the IPO Price
If the IPO they are underwriting is doing well, investors are buying IPO shares and the price is going up, the underwriter can use the greenshoe option to purchase up to 15% more stock from the issuing company at the IPO price and sell that stock to investors at the higher market price for a profit.
A Break Issue
Conversely, if an IPO isn’t doing well, the underwriter can take a short position on up to 15% of the issued stock and buy back shares from the market to stabilize the price and cover their position.
The underwriter then returns those additional shares to the issuing company. This is known as a “break issue.” When an IPO isn’t performing well, this can reduce consumer confidence in the stock, and result in investors either selling their shares or refraining from buying them.
The greenshoe option helps the underwriter stabilize the stock price and reduce stock volatility.
Types of Greenshoe Options
There are three types of greenshoe options an underwriter might choose to use depending on what happens after an IPO launches. These options are:
Full Greenshoe
If the underwriter can’t buy back any shares before the stock price increases, this is known as a full greenshoe. In this case, the underwriter buys shares at the current offering price.
Partial Greenshoe
In a partial greenshoe scenario, the underwriter only buys back some of the stock inventory they started with in order to increase the share price.
Reverse Greenshoe
The third option for underwriters is to purchase shares from market investors and sell them back to the stock issuer if the share price has dipped below the original offering price. This is similar to a put option in stock trading.
Recommended: How Are IPO Prices Set?
Greenshoe Option Examples
Here’s an example of how a greenshoe option might work in real life.
Once the IPO company owners, underwriter, and clients determine the offering or initial price of the newly issued shares, they’re ready to be traded on the public market. Ideally, the share price will rise above offering, but if the shares fall below the offering price the underwriter can exercise the greenshoe option (assuming the company had approved it in the prospectus).
To control the price, the underwrite can short up to 15% more shares than were part of the original IPO offering.
Let’s say a company’s initial public offering is going to be 10 million shares. The underwriters can sell up to 15% over that amount, or 1.5 million more shares, thus giving underwriters the ability to increase or decrease the supply as needed — adding to liquidity and helping to control price stability.
💡 Quick Tip: Investment fees are assessed in different ways, including trading costs, account management fees, and possibly broker commissions. When you set up an investment account, be sure to get the exact breakdown of your “all-in costs” so you know what you’re paying.
What the Greenshoe Option Means for IPO Investors
The greenshoe option is an important tool for underwriters that can help with the success of an IPO and bring additional funds to the issuing company. It reduces risk for the issuing company as well as investors. It can maintain IPO investor confidence in a newly issued stock which helps to build a long-term group of shareholders.
Although buying IPO stocks can be very profitable, stock prices don’t always increase and sometimes they can be volatile. It’s important for investors to research a company, look at the IPO prospectus, understand what the stock lock-up period and greenshoe options are before deciding to buy.
The Takeaway
Buying shares in IPOs can be a great way to invest in companies right when they go public. Although IPO investing comes with some risks, and IPO stock can be volatile, investment banks and companies going public use tools such as the greenshoe option to minimize volatility.
Whether you’re curious about exploring IPOs, or interested in traditional stocks and exchange-traded funds (ETFs), you can get started by opening an account on the SoFi Invest® brokerage platform. On SoFi Invest, eligible SoFi members have the opportunity to trade IPO shares, and there are no account minimums for those with an Active Investing account. As with any investment, it’s wise to consider your overall portfolio goals in order to assess whether IPO investing is right for you, given the risks of volatility and loss.
For a limited time, opening and funding an Active Invest account gives you the opportunity to get up to $1,000 in the stock of your choice.
Photo credit: iStock/AzmanJaka
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Investing in an Initial Public Offering (IPO) involves substantial risk, including the risk of loss. Further, there are a variety of risk factors to consider when investing in an IPO, including but not limited to, unproven management, significant debt, and lack of operating history. For a comprehensive discussion of these risks please refer to SoFi Securities’ IPO Risk Disclosure Statement. IPOs offered through SoFi Securities are not a recommendation and investors should carefully read the offering prospectus to determine whether an offering is consistent with their investment objectives, risk tolerance, and financial situation.
New offerings generally have high demand and there are a limited number of shares available for distribution to participants. Many customers may not be allocated shares and share allocations may be significantly smaller than the shares requested in the customer’s initial offer (Indication of Interest). For SoFi’s allocation procedures please refer to IPO Allocation Procedures.
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Seattle is blessed with the stunning backdrop of the Olympic and Cascade Mountains. Beyond that, it’s a city that effortlessly blends the classic PNW vibe with the American dream. Known for its innovative spirit, strong connection to tech, and a history that’s as deep and varied as its waterways, Seattle is one of those special places that just forces people to fall in love after only one visit.
Listed below are ten undeniably unique things that make Seattle such a desirable place to lay down roots or rent the perfect place for a little while.
1. Space Needle
Built for the 1962 World’s Fair, the Space Needle offers breathtaking panoramic views of the city, the mountains, and the waters that surround Seattle. This landmark, with its futuristic design, symbolizes Seattle’s forward-thinking spirit, drawing visitors from around the world to marvel at the vista from its observation deck or have a meal at the cafe.
2. Chihuly Garden and Glass
Showcasing the art of Dale Chihuly, a native son of Washington, the Chihuly Garden and Glass exhibition blends glass and botanicals in a mesmerizing display. Located near the Space Needle, it offers a visual feast of color and form, illustrating the depth of Seattle’s commitment to the arts.
3. Pike Place Market
Pike Place Market is one of the oldest continuously operated public farmers’ markets in the United States. As such, it is also the heart and soul of Seattle. With its famous fish market, countless artisan stalls, and the original Starbucks coffee shop, Pike Place embodies the Pacific Coast culinary craft in all its glory.
4. Central Library
With its innovative glass and steel design by architect Rem Koolhaas, Central Library redefines what a library can be. It’s not only a great place to learn something new but also a public space that encourages community and focuses on Seattle’s commitment to public services and intellectual growth.
5. The Fremont Troll
Tucked under the Aurora Bridge in the quirky Fremont neighborhood, the Fremont Troll is a testament to Seattle’s creative and whimsical side. This massive concrete sculpture, clutching a real Volkswagen Beetle, has become a beloved oddity and a symbol of the city’s eclectic art scene.
6. Museum of Pop Culture (MoPOP)
Founded by Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen, the Museum of Pop Culture (MoPOP) is dedicated to contemporary popular culture. Its exhibits, which range from science fiction and fantasy to music and video games, are housed in a strikingly modern building designed by Frank Gehry.
7. Amazon Spheres
The Amazon Spheres are a striking example of innovative urban workspace design, consisting of three glass and steel domes filled with more than 40,000 plants from around the world. As part of Amazon’s downtown Seattle campus, they underscore the city’s status as a tech hub and its commitment to integrating nature within the city limits.
8. Seattle Great Wheel
On Pier 57, the Seattle Great Wheel extends over Elliott Bay, offering riders spectacular views of the city and beyond. As one of the largest Ferris wheels in North America, it lights up the waterfront with its LED light shows, adding a fun twist to Seattle’s already iconic skyline.
9. Olympic Sculpture Park
Managed by the Seattle Art Museum, Olympic Sculpture Park transforms nine acres of industrial land into an open space designed to blend top-tier art with pristine nature. The park features sculptures from internationally acclaimed artists, set against the stunning backdrop of the Puget Sound and the Olympic Mountains.
10. Ballard Locks
Ballard Locks serves as a gateway between the saltwater of Puget Sound and the freshwater of the Ship Canal, which flows into Lake Union and Lake Washington. Visitors can watch boats of all sizes navigate the locks and see salmon make their upstream journey via the fish ladder.
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A lot has been written about whether now is the best time to buy stocks.
Many think that it is a good idea, and others are still skeptical. So which one should you believe?
This article will help answer the question once and for all with facts rather than opinions.
But first, let’s look at some statistics:
S&P 500 Total Returns for 2021 was 28.71% (source)
In the past 20 years (2003-2021), the S&P 500 was down three times. (source)
Over the 10 year period of 2011-2020, the S&P 500 averaged 13.9% (source)
With that said, will it be best to invest now?
Honestly, that is an answer no one can give you. And the movies about Wall Street won’t help you either.
However, you can learn to read charts become a technical analysis trader, and have a better idea of where the market is going.
The stock market is a volatile thing. It can go up or down at any time. As the statistics show, it goes up more often than down.
Is it Smart to Invest in Stocks?
The stock market is a great way to make money whether for income or for long-term investments. Plus it is a lot more accessible than you think.
With stocks on an upswing lately, it might be tempting to dive in. But do not get too excited just yet!
You must learn how to invest in stocks.
Are you ready to make money in the stock market? If so, learn the steps to start investing today.
In order to make educated decisions, it is crucial that you understand what makes stocks go up or down.
Since you might be asking yourself whether it is a good time to buy stocks after the market has been on such an upswing for several months. The answer is yes, but there are some important factors you should consider before handing over your money.
This article will discuss how the stock market works and provide you with reasons why now may not be a great time to invest in stocks as well as alternatives that could make sense for you if this is indeed a bad time to purchase them.
Read more!
What is the Stock Market?
The stock market is a system of securities, such as stocks and bonds, in which investors buy and sell ownership stakes to each other on various exchanges using money or their own businesses.
Simply put, the stock market is a place where people invest money.
There are many different ways to invest in the stock market, but one of the most popular ways is through buying stocks.
Investing in stocks is a commonly used way to make money.
In the stock market, people can buy and sell shares of companies they believe will rise in value. You can participate by investing in the stock market by buying individual shares of a company like AMZN (Amazon), investing in an ETF like VTI, or investing with a mutual fund, such as VTSAX.
One former assistant principal, Teri Ijeoma, changed her life when she left her job as an educator and become an active trader.
What does it mean when the stock market is up or down
When the stock market is up, it means that stocks have been doing well.
Conversely, when the stock market is down, it means that stocks are losing value.
You have heard the saying… buy low, sell high.
Stocks are an investment that you can purchase in order to make a profit, but the best time to buy stocks is when they are at their lowest price.
If you bought a stock for $100 and its value increased by 10%, then your stock would be worth $110. However, if you bought 20 stocks at $100 and the value increased by 10%, then your new value is $2,200. If you are trading options, then your return (and risk) is much greater.
When the market is up or down there are always going to be opportunities to make money from the stock market!
The hardest part for the novice investor is to determine when to buy and sell.
Thankfully, there is a great investing course to help you figure out how to invest in stocks and options.
Timing the Stock Market
Can you even time the stock market?
Many people are concerned with timing the stock market because of its volatility. Honestly, no one knows what the stock market will do.
As a technical stock trader, you will learn based on previous actions how the market and individual stocks may react.
When day traders or swing traders “time” the market, they are using time frames to make their predictions. Those traders who manage their risk and potential losses well will do better in the market.
For the average investor or someone going off a friend or Reddit recommendation, timing the market can be detrimental to your portfolio.
The real answer to the question, “Is now a good time to buy stocks?” is that there’s no such thing as an ideal moment. It could be a great time or it could also be terrible timing. There are too many variables and market risks which makes this decision very difficult for investors.
Too many times, investors fall into the trap of panic selling while stock prices are low and buying when stocks are high on the fear of missing out (FOMO).
That is why the common knowledge states don’t time the market.
However, I can tell you that you can time the market. If (and it is a big if) you are willing to put the time and effort into an investing education as you would going to college.
Many people have found success in timing the market.
Why investing is always a good idea
Remember earlier in this post, we stated the stock market has averaged 13.9% over the past 10 years and only had 3 negative years in the past twenty.
Simply put, that means you can make money, and investing is a good idea.
That is better than the flip side of your money sitting in the back earning slightly above 0% and when you account for inflation, your money is worthless.
The stock market is (almost) always following an upwards trajectory.
This means investors are more likely to experience gains in their investments than they would if the prices were going down. Moreover, it’s almost never a good idea to just let your money sit doing nothing for years on end because inflation will eventually force you into losing value at some point.
Instead of waiting until then and hoping for the best, focus on what you want instead of what the market is doing at any specific moment.
Must Read: How To Invest In Stocks For Beginners: Investing Made Easy
Is now a good time to invest?
This is the wrong question. The better question to ask would be “What is a good time to invest?”
It is not always a good time to invest. Before buying stocks, it is important that you do your research and have a clear purpose for investing in the first place. Once you know why you are investing, then it will be easier to answer when now might actually be a good time.
What are your goals for investing in stocks?
Are you looking to make extra money?
Do you enjoy learning about the fundamentals of your favorite companies?
Do you have the time to invest to learn about investing in stocks and executing trades?
The desire to increase your investment accounts and net worth appealing?
If you answered yes, then you are ready to start investing in stocks.
If you said no, then stick to consistently investing in EFTs or mutual funds. That is still a solid investing strategy!
The bottom line is whether you are ready to invest. The stock market will continue to do its thing whether you choose to participate or not.
Why does the stock market just keep going up?
The stock market has been steadily climbing for the long trend.
As a result, it’s important to be aware of the factors that influence how much you can profit from stocks. This includes understanding what drives stock prices and when these markets are likely to go up or down.
The reality is that there is no such thing as an “always” in investing — there will always be downturns at some point for any market, but those dips won’t last forever either.
As history proves, the stock market over time will keep going up.
Why has the stock market dropped?
This is the #1 reason why most people are terrified of investing in the stock market.
The fear of the stock market dropping and losing money. Or maybe they were burned in the previous market corrections in 2001 or 2008.
Typically, the stock market has dropped because of the following:
The global economy is going through a rough patch.
There is fear that the US may be headed for another recession.
The US is experiencing inflation that has caused the Federal Reserve to raise interest rates.
In other words, investors are uncertain about the future of the global economy and are afraid of a recession in the US, which will have a significant impact on the stock market.
Just remember, the S&P 500 has come back each time after posting a year or two of negative returns.
However, you can still make money as an investor when the market goes down! Learn how to ride that elevator up and down.
What are the best times to trade stocks?
Ask a few different investment gurus and you are likely to get a variety of answers such as:
It is best to trade stocks when the market is down and on a day with low volume. This way, you are less likely to be hit with volatility that could cause your profits to drop.
The best times to trade stocks are when the market is stable, meaning that there are few fluctuations in price. The most optimal time to enter and exit the market is during a period of low volatility.
The best time to trade stocks is when the market is at an all-time high. (very wrong idea, so don’t try this one)
Traders should try and stay away from markets when volatility or uncertainty is high.
It is important to understand the best times for trading stocks in order to maximize profits.
Overall, your trading plan will tell you the best time for you to trade stocks. Over time with practice in a simulated account, you will be aware of the best times for trading.
Your best times will be different than mine; they will vary for all of us and that is okay. We all view the stock market and read charts in our own way.
Best Stocks to Buy Right Now
What are the stocks to invest in right now? Should you buy stocks now?
Well, first of all, I am not an advisor telling you what to invest in. You are responsible for doing your due diligence.
The best stocks to buy are the stocks that you understand the best– YOUR Watchlist!
Typically, that means following 10 stock tickers and learning everything you can about how those stocks move.
Other investing gurus may tell you the best stock to buy is one that has a low price-to-earnings ratio. This is because the company has room for growth, and they are more than likely not overvalued in the market. They look for industries that are experiencing either a slowdown or an increase in competition.
Personally, I like to stick with strong, healthy companies to buy.
Many times the best stocks to buy right now are growth stocks, which have been very successful in 2021. These types of companies grow rapidly and offer significant returns on investment in a short period time frame.
What are the best stocks to buy now or put on a watchlist? These are the most popular stocks investors tend to follow:
Apple (Nasdaq: AAPL)
Advanced Microdevices (Nasdaq: AMD)
Amazon (Nasdaq: AMZN)
Meta / Facebook (Nasdaq: FB)
Nvidia (Nasdaq: NVDA)
Tesla (Nasdaq: TSLA)
More Best Stocks to Buy
When you invest in these stocks as an investor, it is important that you look for them during their good moments so that your investments will increase significantly over time and always have risk management strategies in place (BEFORE YOU ENTER THE TRADE).
Can You Afford to Buy Stocks?
There are a lot of factors that go into determining the best time for someone to begin investing or trading stocks.
The most important aspect is whether or not you have enough money at your disposal, which can be determined by your personal financial situation.
Other factors that may play a role in determining the best time to trade are whether or not the person trading has a specific investment objective, and if they have a time-sensitive need.
You need to know your long-term goals for buying stocks.
Are you buying stocks as a long-term investor or if you are buying stocks for income?
Either way, you need a solid idea of how to plan to manage your risk and maximize your profit. That is why investing in stocks is so enticing for so many traders.
Read Now: How Fast Can You Make Money in Stocks?
So, should you buy stocks now?
The current market conditions are a great time to buy or short-sell stocks.
However, there are many trading mistakes when investors place a trade.
Whether we are experiencing a bull run or heading into a bear market, there is always money to be made in the stock market. You should not question yourself is it time to buy stocks.
Regardless, you must invest the money in a solid investing education. That is non-negotiable.
If you want to go out and start buying stocks without investing knowledge, that is fine. Just do not complain if you lose more money than the only investing course I recommend. Check out my Trade and Travel review.
You must do your own due diligence when investing in stocks and finding a good time to buy stocks.
This is your investing journey!
Your journey will be different than my investing journey. That is okay because we each will find our niche and how we like to trade stocks.
Back to the original question, is now a good time to buy stocks?
Overall, you must look for the best companies to invest in. That will make you successful at investing.
Know someone else that needs this, too? Then, please share!!
Did the post resonate with you?
More importantly, did I answer the questions you have about this topic? Let me know in the comments if I can help in some other way!
Your comments are not just welcomed; they’re an integral part of our community. Let’s continue the conversation and explore how these ideas align with your journey towards Money Bliss.
For banks, credit unions and other small-business lenders, this is an IRS-related story with a happy ending — kind of.
Responding to a determined lobbying campaign by a broad consortium of financial services trade groups, the U.S. tax-collection agency has agreed to suspend a policy change that would have blocked small-business lenders from accessing borrowers’ income data through its Income Verification Express Service.
“We acknowledge the concerns raised and are assessing our ability to provide return information when necessary while keeping taxpayer information confidential and protected from disclosure,” the IRS wrote in a March 6 policy update statement. “Although IRS announced the policy change on January 2, 2024, we are suspending that change as we seek input from you and other stakeholders on possible changes and impacts to the program.”
Scott Stewart, CEO of the Innovative Lending Platform Association, acknowledged that the IRS could revert to its original policy stance after its review. At the same time, even a temporary respite represents a major achievement, Stewart said.
“Federal agencies don’t do this,” Stewart said in an interview. “To get a federal agency of any kind, let alone the IRS, [to acknowledge a misstep] is really exceptionally rare. I don’t know if I’ve ever seen a reversal like this. The IRS deserves credit for realizing this policy requires further review.”
The Innovative Lending Platform Association was one of 11 financial services industry trade groups, including the Independent Community Bankers of America, American Bankers Association, America’s Credit Unions and the Mortgage Bankers Association, that endorsed a Jan. 24 comment letter opposing the IVES policy change. IVES is the platform that lets taxpayers give third parties — like lenders — permission to see tax return or wage information.
Under the IRS’ original concept, it would have delivered tax data only to lenders making mortgages. In all other instances, the agency would have delivered the data directly to individual taxpayers to protect their privacy.
Lenders value the ability to obtain tax returns from the IRS as a critical tool in underwriting and preventing fraud. They were concerned the policy change would add complexity, time and cost to applications while at the same time making it easier for bad actors to game the system.
“You could see how fraudsters might just digitally alter their tax returns and they could send it off to the lender,” Stewart said. “I hope they’re going to move toward [opening] the system in an [application programming interface] fashion so that everyone can get access and overall lower the cost of credit and capital for small businesses, consumers, people looking for insurance — everybody.”
An application programming interface, or API, is software code that allows a website, application or program to more easily share information with other websites, applications or programs.
In their announcement last week, IRS officials “said they were suspending the decision indefinitely,” Ryan Metcalf, head of public affairs for Funding Circle US, said in an interview. “I’m not concerned it’s coming back. It seems like the IRS has backed off. … This is a huge win for American consumers and small businesses.”
It’s far from game over, though.
“It’s good news [the IRS] has returned to the status quo,” Metcalf said. “We still have issues to resolve. We still have to work out how we resolve the authentication issue, can we have private APIaccess to log in, can we expand the data in the transcript — all of those things we’re still seeking are outstanding.”
Beyond access to tax data, lenders and borrowers want the IRS to make it easier to use IVES. Currently, borrowers have to create IRS accounts and verify their identities with the agency before they can request that a transcript be delivered to a lender. That route is time-consuming and redundant, since the lenders themselves are required to verify identity under know-your-customer requirements, Metcalf said.
“The [optimal] outcome is we want a borrower to be able to submit a [transcript request] to the lender, the lender hands that to the IRS and we get the tax return in real time,” Metcalf said. “Or, if the lender has an account with the IRS already, they should just be able to log in to that account in our application. That’s the API access. … That’s what we want. We want that optionality of either/or.”
Bipartisan legislation introduced in the House of Representatives in May 2023 would address the authentication issue by enabling taxpayers to designate a financial institution or other service provider to receive tax data. The bill, introduced by North Carolina Republican Patrick McHenry, chairman of the House Financial Services Committee; California Democratic Rep. Jimmy Panetta; and Colorado Democratic Rep. Brittany Petterson, is currently under consideration by the Ways and Means Committee.
Funding Circle backs the legislation as it is currently written and is hoping to strengthen its language in the wake of the IRS’ action. “We’re getting ready to update that bill to address additional issues. … We would probably add on to it to make sure the IRS doesn’t revisit this policy decision,” Metcalf said.
The IRS didn’t respond to a request for comment at deadline.
Stewart attributed the IRS’ initial policy restricting IVES access to a desire to protect taxpayer information. “Their duty is paramount,” Stewart said, but he was quick to add that allowing API interface with IVES could be accomplished without compromising data integrity. “We don’t think creating this API is going to do anything to endanger the taxpayer, as long as you have them making the request directly through the lender or the insurance company or the bank.”