DUBLIN, March 13, 2024 /PRNewswire/ — The “United States Home Decor Market, Size, Forecast 2024-2030, Industry Trends, Growth, Share, Outlook, Impact of Inflation, Opportunity Company Analysis” report has been added to ResearchAndMarkets.com’s offering.
The United States Home Decor Market is expected to value around US$ 180.39 Billion by 2030 from US$ 135.98 Billion in 2023, growing at a CAGR of 4.12% during 2024-2030
Trends evolve, embracing sustainable substances and smart technology. Personal touches, inclusive of artwork and sentimental items, infuse warmth and character. Whether current, rustic, or avant-garde, home decor transcends aesthetics, influencing temper and well-being. In the intersection of layout and emotion, it fosters an experience of sanctuary, making each home a canvas of self-expression.
In the United States, home decor has come to be a pervasive cultural phenomenon, driven by a burgeoning interest in interior design and self-expression. Social media systems amplify trends, fostering a dynamic and inclusive community of design fans. The upward thrust of home development shows and committed design influencers has propelled a heightened awareness of decor possibilities.
With an emphasis on less expensive alternatives and DIY tasks, Americans are increasingly engaging personalizing their living spaces. The industry’s boom is evidenced by the proliferation of home decor stores, both physical and online, imparting numerous styles to cater to individual alternatives. As a reflection of lifestyle and identification, home decor in the U.S. stands as a popular method of creative expression and a testimony to the evolving importance of personal space.
A holistic shift in US home decor displays a growing consumer choice for sustainability, incorporating natural materials like timber and stone, and embracing eco-friendly products. The upward push of biophilic design emphasizes the integration of nature into interiors, promoting well-being. Contrary to minimalist tendencies, maximalism gains traction, encouraging bold expressions and individuality.
Compact living spaces power demand for multifunctional furniture and smart home technology integration. The pursuit of personalization fuels interest in hand made objects, DIY projects, and upcycling. Wellness-focused decor consists of soothing elements, even as technology, from smart devices to global inspirations, in addition diversifies and personalizes the house environment in a dynamic and evolving market.
With growing disposable earning, specifically remarkable amongst younger generations, there is a heightened monetary ability to spend money on non-important items like home decor. This economic flexibility is driving a surge in the reputation of top rate and designer domestic decor brands, indicating a willingness to pay more for unique, premium pieces. The growing homeownership rate in the US amplifies this trend, as new house owners actively are searching to customise and style their living areas.
Viewing homes as long-term investments, house owners are more willing to spend on home improvements and enhancements, with domestic decor playing a pivotal position in developing comfortable, inviting, and fashionable living environments that contribute to the overall value and appeal in their residences.
Company Analysis
Inter IKEA Systems B.V.
Bed Bath & Beyond Inc
Herman Miller Inc.
Mohawk Industries Inc.
Williams-Sonoma, Inc.
Kimball International, Inc
HNI Corporation
Products – United States Home Decor Market breakup from 4 viewpoints:
Furniture
Floor Covering
Home Textiles
Others
Distribution Channel – United States Home Decor Market breakup from 4 viewpoints:
Supermarkets & Hypermarkets
Specialty Stores
E-Commerce
Others
Income group – United States Home Decor Market breakup from 3 viewpoints:
Higher Income
Upper-middle Income
Lower-middle Income
For more information about this report visit https://www.researchandmarkets.com/r/k002qf
About ResearchAndMarkets.com ResearchAndMarkets.com is the world’s leading source for international market research reports and market data. We provide you with the latest data on international and regional markets, key industries, the top companies, new products and the latest trends.
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If you’re considering taking out a loan or credit card, you’ve probably checked your credit score to weigh your odds of getting approved. But what if it’s different depending on which scoring model you check?
Since you have multiple types of credit scores, the number can vary based on the scoring model. Continue reading to learn more about the different credit scores, including FICO® and VantageScore®.
Table of contents:
What is a credit score?
A credit score is a three-digit number that predicts your credit risk based on data from your credit report. Lenders use credit scores to determine who to approve for loans and at what interest rates. Credit scores typically range from 300 to 800 points. A high credit score indicates that you’re more likely to pay back your loans, while a lower credit score signals that you may be a risky borrower.
What are the different credit scoring models?
FICO and VantageScore are the two most popular scoring models used in the United States. Both models calculate your score based on a set of factors that assess an individual’s credit risk. However, the two models use different algorithms and assign different weights to each factor.
Let’s look at the different types of credit scores and how they stack up.
FICO scoring model
The FICO score was the first consumer credit score developed by the Fair Isaac Corporation (FICO) in 1989. According to myFICO, 90 percent of top lenders use FICO scores to determine loan approvals, interest rates and credit limits.
A good FICO score will help you secure better loan terms and rates. The latest FICO model categorizes your score based on these ranges:
800+: Exceptional
740 – 799: Very good
670 – 739: Good
580 – 669: Fair
<580: Poor
VantageScore model
The VantageScore model was developed in 2006 by the three credit bureaus—Experian®, TransUnion® and Equifax®—as an alternative scoring model.
Like the FICO scoring model, VantageScore ranges from 300 to 850. According to Experian, here’s how the newest VantageScore model groups scores:
781+: Excellent
661 – 780: Good
601 – 660: Fair
500 – 600: Poor
<500: Very poor
Other credit scoring models
While FICO and VantageScore are the most widely used, they aren’t the only scoring models out there. Here are some lesser-known credit scoring models you may encounter:
TruVision Credit Risk: Developed by TransUnion, TruVision aims to broaden credit opportunities with insights beyond traditional credit information. The model combines “traditional, trended, blended and alternative data.”
OneScore: Unveiled in 2023 by Equifax, OneScore is a new scoring model aimed to paint a more comprehensive picture of loan applicants. According to a recent press release, OneScore is a “robust, multi-data score that leverages traditional credit history and differentiated alternative data.”
CE Credit Score: Created by CE Analytics, CE is an independent credit scoring model that uses advanced analytics and behavioral trends.
How are credit scores calculated?
Your credit scores are calculated based on a set of factors from your credit report. However, each scoring model assigns a certain weight to each factor to calculate your score.
Let’s look at how the FICO and VantageScore models calculate credit scores.
How is your FICO score calculated?
With the latest FICO scoring model, your history of paying past accounts on time is the most important factor when determining your credit score. Other factors include how much of your available credit you’re using, how long you’ve had your accounts, the different types of loans you have and how many new accounts you have.
Here’s exactly how FICO calculates your score:
Payment history: 35 percent
Amounts owed: 30 percent
Length of credit history: 15 percent
Credit mix: 10 percent
New credit: 10 percent
How is your VantageScore calculated?
Like the FICO model, payment history is the most significant factor when calculating your VantageScore. Additional factors include the age of your accounts, how much credit you use, total balances on your accounts, new accounts you’ve opened and how much credit you have available.
Here’s a look at the factors that determine your VantageScore:
Payment history: 41 percent
Depth of credit: 20 percent
Credit utilization: 20 percent
Balances: 6 percent
Recent credit: 11 percent
Available credit: 2 percent
Why are my credit scores different?
It’s normal for your credit scores to be different. Here are a few of the main reasons credit scores vary:
Your score is calculated using different scoring models: Your credit scores may vary because there are multiple different types of credit scoring models. Since scoring models weigh certain factors differently, your score may vary slightly depending on which credit score you check.
There are different versions of credit scoring models: Each scoring model has multiple versions that periodically update. For example, FICO 8 and FICO 9 have key differences, such as the impact of third-party collections and rent payments.
Not all lenders report to all three credit bureaus: Another reason your credit score may vary is because some lenders don’t report to all three credit bureaus. As a result, one of the credit bureaus could be missing information that either increases or decreases your score.
Credit scores update frequently: When you check your credit score can play a role in what number you see. Credit scores generally update at least once a month and sometimes even multiple times per month. So even if you’re using the same scoring mode, it’s normal for your credit score to fluctuate over time.
How to check your credit score
Accessing your credit score doesn’t have to be a hassle. Here are the easiest ways to check your credit score for free:
Credit bureaus: You can check your credit score via any of the three major credit bureaus—Experian, TransUnion and Equifax.
Your bank or credit card issuer: Most banks and credit card issuers provide customers with complimentary access to their credit score.
Third-party platform: Some third-party platforms provide free credit scores. For example, Lexington Law Firm provides a free credit snapshot, which includes your credit score and credit report summary.
Regularly checking your credit score and credit report can help notify you of inaccurate information that may be hurting your credit. If you notice errors on your credit report, it’s important to investigate and address them with the credit bureaus.
Learn how Lexington Law Firm’s services could help you effectively manage and monitor your credit today.
Note: Articles have only been reviewed by the indicated attorney, not written by them. The information provided on this website does not, and is not intended to, act as legal, financial or credit advice; instead, it is for general informational purposes only. Use of, and access to, this website or any of the links or resources contained within the site do not create an attorney-client or fiduciary relationship between the reader, user, or browser and website owner, authors, reviewers, contributors, contributing firms, or their respective agents or employers.
Reviewed By
Alexis Peacock
Supervising Attorney
Alexis Peacock was born in Santa Cruz, California and raised in Scottsdale, Arizona.
In 2013, she earned her Bachelor of Science in Criminal Justice and Criminology, graduating cum laude from Arizona State University. Ms. Peacock received her Juris Doctor from Arizona Summit Law School and graduated in 2016. Prior to joining Lexington Law Firm, Ms. Peacock worked in Criminal Defense as both a paralegal and practicing attorney. Ms. Peacock represented clients in criminal matters varying from minor traffic infractions to serious felony cases. Alexis is licensed to practice law in Arizona. She is located in the Phoenix office.
Are you eligible for the zero-down USDA home loan?
What if you could secure a USDA home loan that allows you to buy a house with no down payment, competitive mortgage rates, and reduced mortgage insurance costs?
It might sound like a dream, but it’s entirely possible with the USDA mortgage program. Designed to assist low- and moderate-income Americans in becoming homeowners, USDA loans provide incredibly affordable financing options for eligible buyers.
Essentially, USDA mortgages empower individuals to transition from renting to owning, even when they thought homeownership was out of reach.
Verify your USDA loan eligibility. Start here
In this article (Skip to…)
>Related: How to buy a house with $0 down: First-time home buyer
What is a USDA loan?
USDA loans are mortgages backed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture as part of its Rural Development Guaranteed Housing Loan program. The USDA offers financing with no down payment, reduced mortgage insurance, and below-market mortgage rates.
Verify your USDA loan eligibility. Start here
The USDA mortgage program is intended for home buyers with low-to-average household incomes. In order to qualify, you must also purchase a home in a “rural area” as the USDA defines it. Those who are eligible can use a USDA mortgage to buy a home or refinance one they already own.
USDA loans offer nearly unbeatable benefits for qualified borrowers. So if this program sounds like a good fit for you, it’s worth getting in touch with a participating lender to find out if you’re eligible.
How do USDA loans work?
The U.S. Department of Agriculture insures USDA loans. Thanks to government guarantees and subsidies, lenders can offer 100% financing and below-market interest rates without taking on too much risk.
Verify your USDA loan eligibility. Start here
Although the USDA backs this program, it typically isn’t the one lending money. Instead, private lenders are authorized to offer USDA loans. That means you can get a USDA mortgage from many mainstream banks, mortgage lenders, and credit unions.
The application process for a USDA mortgage works just like any other home loan. You’ll compare rates and choose a lender, complete an application (often online), provide financial documents, wait for the lender’s approval, and then set a closing day.
The only exception is for very low-income borrowers, who may qualify for a USDA Direct home loan. In this case, you’d go straight to the Department of Agriculture to apply rather than to a private lender.
Types of USDA loans
For eligible individuals and families looking to buy, build, or renovate a home in a rural area, the USDA offers three main mortgage loan types. The loan programs are as follows:.
Verify your USDA loan eligibility. Start here
USDA Guaranteed Loans
Approved private lenders, such as banks and mortgage companies, provide USDA loan guarantees to qualified borrowers. A USDA guaranteed loan is one in which the government backs a portion of the loan, lowering the lender’s risk and allowing them to offer more favorable terms to the borrower. These loans frequently have low interest rates, no down payment, and more lenient credit requirements. The property must be in an eligible rural area as the USDA defines it, and borrowers must meet household income requirements that vary depending on location and household size.
USDA Direct Loans
The USDA also offers the Single Family Housing Direct loan through the Section 502 Direct Loan Program. These loans are meant to help low-income families buy, build, or fix up small homes in rural areas. The USDA, rather than private lenders, provides funding for direct loans as opposed to guaranteed loans. These loans have favorable terms, such as low interest rates (as low as 1% with payment assistance) and long repayment periods (up to 38 years for eligible applicants). Income, creditworthiness, and the property’s location in an eligible rural area determine eligibility for direct loans.
USDA Home Improvement Loan
The USDA’s Single Family Housing Repair Loans and Grants program, also known as the Section 504 program, provides financing for home improvements. This program provides low-interest, fixed-rate loans and grants to low-income rural homeowners for necessary home repairs, improvements, and modifications that make their homes safer, more energy-efficient, and more accessible. However, if you’re looking for one, you might have a difficult time finding this type of USDA home loan. They are not widely available from lenders.
USDA loan eligibility requirements
To be eligible for a USDA home loan, you’ll need to meet a number of requirements that vary depending on whether you are applying for a USDA loan guarantee or a USDA direct loan.
Verify your USDA loan eligibility. Start here
Some general requirements, however, apply to all USDA loans, specifically those based on both buyer and property eligibility.
USDA loan property requirements
Eligible rural area
The USDA defines an eligible area in rural America as having a population of 20,000 or fewer. To check if the property you’re considering falls within these designated areas, the USDA’s eligibility site provides all the necessary information. We also provide a USDA eligibility map below.
Single-family primary residence
USDA loans are exclusively available for primary residences. Neither investment properties nor second homes are eligible for this program.
Meet safety standards
The property must adhere to the USDA’s minimum property requirements, which focus on safety, structural integrity, and adequate access to utilities and services.
USDA loan borrower requirements
Income limits
You must meet USDA monthly income limits, meaning your household income can’t exceed 115% of the area median income. Conforming to USDA income eligibility requirements ensures the program is accessible to those it’s intended to serve.
Stable income
Applicants are required to demonstrate a stable and dependable income, typically for at least 24 months, before applying. This helps ensure borrowers can maintain their loan payments.
Creditworthiness
Although USDA loans are known for their flexible credit requirements, creditworthiness is still important. Lenders usually seek a minimum credit score of 640 for guaranteed loans, with USDA Direct Loans potentially having more lenient criteria.
Debt-to-income ratio
Your monthly debt, including future mortgage payments, generally should not exceed 41% of your gross monthly income. However, lenders may make exceptions based on credit score and available cash reserves.
Citizenship status
Applicants need to be U.S. citizens, U.S. non-citizen nationals, or qualified aliens with a valid Social Security number to qualify for a USDA loan.
USDA loan eligibility map
The USDA eligibility map is a valuable online resource for potential borrowers. It helps them identify if a property is situated in an area of rural America that qualifies for USDA home loans.
Verify your USDA loan eligibility. Start here
Users can enter a specific address or explore areas of the map to see if they qualify for USDA guaranteed loans or direct loans by using this interactive map.
1 Source: USDAloans.com, based on Housing Assistance Council data
USDA loan rates
Compared to other home loan programs, USDA mortgage interest rates are some of the lowest available.
Check your USDA loan rates. Start here
The VA loan, specifically tailored for veterans and service members, stands alongside the USDA loan as one of the few government-backed loan programs offering competitively low rates. Due in large part to the security that government subsidies and guarantees provide, both the USDA and VA programs are able to offer interest rates below the market average.
Other mortgage programs, like the FHA loan and conventional loan, can have rates around 0.5%–0.75% higher than USDA rates on average. That said, mortgage rates are personal. Getting a USDA loan doesn’t necessarily mean your rate will be “below-market” or match the USDA loan rates advertised.
How to get the best USDA mortgage rates
Strengthening your financial standing is essential for obtaining the best USDA loan rates. Here are some helpful techniques for improving your personal finances:
Boost your credit score.Improving your credit score is an important step toward getting the best USDA loan rates. Taking steps to improve your credit score before applying for a USDA loan often proves beneficial.
Consider a down payment. While a down payment is not required for USDA loans, it can demonstrate to the lender your commitment to repaying the loan. This could also help lenders find your application more appealing.
Minimize existing debt.Lowering your debt-to-income ratio (DTI) by paying off existing high-interest debts can make you more appealing to lenders. It demonstrates that you are capable of handling your loan and making payments on time.
Shop around for lenders.Exploring loan options with multiple participating lenders is a smart move that can save you thousands of dollars over the life of the loan. Comparing their interest rates, fees, closing costs, and loan terms can help you identify the most appealing offer. It’s possible that first-time home buyers will find better options than what USDA loans can offer.
USDA loan costs
When it comes to financing a home purchase with a USDA loan, it’s not just the mortgage rate that you need to consider. You’ll be responsible for various fees and costs, which can add up over time. Understanding these costs upfront can help you make a more informed decision and plan your budget accordingly.
Here’s a breakdown of the expenses you can expect:.
USDA mortgage insurance
The USDA guarantees its mortgage loans, meaning it offers protection to approved mortgage lenders in case borrowers default. But the program is partially self-funded. To keep this loan program running, the USDA charges homeowner-paid mortgage insurance premiums.
Verify your USDA loan eligibility. Start here
Upfront guarantee fee
One of the first costs you’ll encounter is the upfront guarantee fee. This fee is a percentage of the loan amount and is required by the USDA to secure the loan. It’s usually around 1% but can vary. You can either pay this fee upfront or roll it into the loan balance.
Annual guarantee fee
Unlike conventional loans that may not require mortgage insurance, USDA loans come with a monthly mortgage insurance premium. You can expect to pay a 0.35% annual guarantee fee based on the remaining principal balance each year.
The annual fee is broken into 12 installments and included in your regular mortgage payment.
As a real-life example, a home buyer with a $100,000 loan size would have a $1,000 upfront mortgage insurance cost plus a monthly payment of $29.17 for the annual mortgage insurance. USDA upfront mortgage insurance is not paid in cash. It’s added to your loan balance, so you pay it over time.
Inspection fees
Before the loan is approved, the property will need to be inspected to ensure it meets USDA property eligibility requirements. This inspection can cost anywhere from $300 to $500, depending on the location and size of the home.
Closing Costs
Closing costs are a mix of fees that include loan origination fees, appraisal fees, title search fees, and more. These costs can range from 2% to 5% of the home’s purchase price. Some of these costs can be rolled into the loan amount, but it’s best to be prepared to pay some of them out-of-pocket.
How to apply for a USDA home loan
Qualifying for a USDA home loan can be a great way to finance a home, especially if you’re looking to buy in a rural area. These loans offer attractive benefits like zero down payments and competitive interest rates.
However, the USDA loan approval process involves several steps and specific eligibility criteria. Here’s a guide on how to apply for a USDA home loan.
Check your USDA loan eligibility. Start here
Step 1: Check your eligibility
Before diving into the application process, it’s important to determine if you meet the USDA’s eligibility requirements. These typically include:
A minimum credit score of 640
A debt-to-income (DTI) ratio of up to 41%
Income limitations, which vary by location and household size
The property must be located in a USDA-eligible area
Step 2: Gather necessary documentation
You’ll need to provide various documents to prove your eligibility, including:
Proof of income eligibility (e.g., pay stubs, tax returns)
Employment verification
Credit history report
Personal identification (e.g., driver’s license, passport)
Step 3: Pre-Qualification
Contact a USDA-approved lender to get pre-qualified for a loan. During this qualifying process, the participating lender will review your financial situation to give you an estimate of how much you can borrow.
Check if you’re eligible for a USDA loan. Start here
Both pre-approval and pre-qualification can give you a better idea of your budget and show sellers that you are a serious buyer.
Step 4: Property search
Once pre-qualified, you can start looking for a property that meets USDA guidelines. Keep in mind that the home must be your primary residence and be located in an eligible rural area.
Working with a real estate agent who has experience with USDA loans can be a big advantage.
Step 5: USDA home loan application
After finding the right property, you’ll need to fill out the USDA loan application. Your lender will guide you through this process, which will include a more thorough review of your financial situation and the submission of additional documents.
Step 6: Property appraisal and inspection
The lender will arrange for an appraisal to ensure the property meets USDA standards. An inspection may also be required to identify any potential issues with the home.
Step 7: Loan approval and closing
Once the appraisal and inspection are complete and all documentation is verified, you’ll move on to the loan approval stage. If approved, you’ll proceed to closing, where you’ll sign all necessary paperwork and officially secure your USDA home loan.
With the loan secured and the keys in hand, you’re now ready to move into your new home!
By following these steps and working closely with a USDA-approved lender, you can navigate the USDA home loan process with confidence. Always remember to consult with your lender for the most accurate and personalized advice.
How do USDA loans compare to conventional loans?
USDA loans and conventional loans both have fixed terms and interest rates, but they’re different when it comes to down payments and fees.
Down payment
USDA loans don’t ask for a down payment, unlike conventional mortgages, which usually require a 3% down payment. FHA loans require a 3.5% down payment. VA loans, like USDA loans, also don’t require a down payment.
Home appraisal
Both USDA loans and conventional loans need an appraisal from an independent third party before the loan is approved.
The home appraisal for a conventional loan determines whether the loan amount and the home’s value match. If the loan amount doesn’t measure up to the market value of the home, the lender can’t get back their money just by selling the house. If you want to know more about the home’s condition, like the roof or appliances, you need to get a home inspector.
For a USDA loan, the appraisal does two things:
Just like with a conventional loan, it makes sure the home’s value is right for the loan amount.
It checks if the home meets USDA standards. This means the home should be ready to live in. For example, the roof and heating should work properly. The appraisal also looks at whether the well and septic systems follow USDA rules.
If you’re looking for a detailed report on the house, hiring a home inspector is still a good idea.
Fees
While conventional loans charge private mortgage insurance (PMI) when you make less than a 20% down payment, this isn’t the case with USDA loans. You don’t need PMI for USDA direct or guaranteed loans.
However, USDA guaranteed loans have a guarantee fee of 1% at closing and then an annual fee of 0.35% of the loan, added to your monthly payment. You can roll the initial fee into your loan amount.
Loan terms
The term for a USDA guaranteed loan is 30 years with a fixed rate. If you get a USDA direct loan, you can have up to 33 years to pay it back. If you’re a very low-income borrower, you might get up to 38 years to make it more affordable.
FAQ: USDA loans
Verify your USDA loan eligibility. Start here
What is the USDA Rural Housing Mortgage and who is eligible for it?
The USDA Rural Housing Mortgage, officially known as the Single Family Housing Guaranteed Loan Program, is a rural development loan aimed at helping single-family home buyers. It’s often referred to as a “Section 502” loan, based on the Housing Act of 1949 that created this program. Designed to stimulate growth in less-populated and low-income areas, this rural development loan is ideal for those looking to buy in eligible rural areas with the possibility of a zero-down payment.
What is the income limit for USDA home loans?
The income limit for USDA home loans is based on your area’s median income. To be eligible for a USDA loan, you can’t exceed the median income by more than 15 percent. For example, if the median salary in your city is $65,000 per year, you could qualify for a USDA loan with a salary of $74,750 or less.
Do USDA loans take longer to close?
USDA lenders have to send each loan file to the Department of Agriculture for approval before underwriting. This can add around two to three weeks to your loan processing time.
Can I do a cash-out refinance with the USDA program?
No, cash-out refinancing is not allowed in the USDA Rural Housing Program. Its loans are for home buying and rate-and-term refinances only.
What’s the maximum USDA mortgage loan size?
The USDA does not set loan limits, but your household income and debt-to-income ratio have a limit on the amount you can borrow. The USDA typically caps debt-to-income ratios at 41 percent. However, the program may be more lenient for borrowers with a credit score over 660 and stable employment or who show a demonstrated ability to save.
Where can I find a USDA loan lender, and what loan terms are available?
You can find a USDA loan lender by visiting the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s website, which maintains a list of approved lenders for the Rural Housing Program. The USDA Rural Housing loan offers a 30-year fixed-rate mortgage only, with no 15-year fixed option or adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM) program available.
Can I receive a gift or have the seller pay for my closing costs with a USDA loan?
Yes, USDA rural development loans allow both gifts from family members and non-family members for closing costs. Inform your loan officer as soon as possible if you’ll be using gifted funds, as it requires extra documentation and verification from the lender. Additionally, the USDA Rural Housing Program permits sellers to pay closing costs for buyers through seller concessions. These concessions may cover all or part of a purchase’s state and local government fees, lender costs, title charges, and various home and pest inspections.
Can I use the USDA loan for a vacation home, investment property, or working farm?
No, the USDA loan program is designed specifically for primary residences and cannot be used for vacation homes, investment properties, or working farms. The Rural Housing Program focuses on residential property financing.
Am I eligible for the USDA if I recently returned to work or am self-employed?
If you are a W-2 employee, you are eligible for USDA financing immediately, as there’s no job history requirement. However, if you have less than two years in a job, you may not be able to use your bonus income for qualification purposes. Self-employed individuals can also use the USDA Rural Housing Program. To verify your self-employment income, you will need to provide two years of federal tax returns, similar to the requirements for FHA and conventional financing.
Can I use the USDA loan program for home repairs, improvements, accessibility, and energy-efficiency upgrades?
Yes, the USDA loan program can be used for various purposes, including making eligible repairs and improvements to a home (such as replacing windows or appliances, preparing a site with trees, walks, and driveways, drawing fixed broadband service, and connecting utilities), permanently installing equipment to assist household members with physical disabilities, and purchasing and installing materials to improve a home’s energy efficiency (including windows, roofing, and solar panels).
Can a non-citizen qualify for a USDA loan?
Yes, along with U.S. citizens, legal permanent residents of the United States can also apply for a USDA loan.
Today’s USDA mortgage rates
USDA mortgage interest rates consistently rank among the lowest in the market, next to VA loans.
USDA loans can be particularly attractive to borrowers seeking optimal financial terms, especially in an environment with elevated interest rates. Prospective homebuyers who meet the criteria for a USDA loan may be able to secure a great deal right now.
To find out whether you qualify for one and what your rate is, consult with a trusted lender below.
Time to make a move? Let us find the right mortgage for you
1 Source: USDAloans.com, based on Housing Assistance Council data
Seattle is blessed with the stunning backdrop of the Olympic and Cascade Mountains. Beyond that, it’s a city that effortlessly blends the classic PNW vibe with the American dream. Known for its innovative spirit, strong connection to tech, and a history that’s as deep and varied as its waterways, Seattle is one of those special places that just forces people to fall in love after only one visit.
Listed below are ten undeniably unique things that make Seattle such a desirable place to lay down roots or rent the perfect place for a little while.
1. Space Needle
Built for the 1962 World’s Fair, the Space Needle offers breathtaking panoramic views of the city, the mountains, and the waters that surround Seattle. This landmark, with its futuristic design, symbolizes Seattle’s forward-thinking spirit, drawing visitors from around the world to marvel at the vista from its observation deck or have a meal at the cafe.
2. Chihuly Garden and Glass
Showcasing the art of Dale Chihuly, a native son of Washington, the Chihuly Garden and Glass exhibition blends glass and botanicals in a mesmerizing display. Located near the Space Needle, it offers a visual feast of color and form, illustrating the depth of Seattle’s commitment to the arts.
3. Pike Place Market
Pike Place Market is one of the oldest continuously operated public farmers’ markets in the United States. As such, it is also the heart and soul of Seattle. With its famous fish market, countless artisan stalls, and the original Starbucks coffee shop, Pike Place embodies the Pacific Coast culinary craft in all its glory.
4. Central Library
With its innovative glass and steel design by architect Rem Koolhaas, Central Library redefines what a library can be. It’s not only a great place to learn something new but also a public space that encourages community and focuses on Seattle’s commitment to public services and intellectual growth.
5. The Fremont Troll
Tucked under the Aurora Bridge in the quirky Fremont neighborhood, the Fremont Troll is a testament to Seattle’s creative and whimsical side. This massive concrete sculpture, clutching a real Volkswagen Beetle, has become a beloved oddity and a symbol of the city’s eclectic art scene.
6. Museum of Pop Culture (MoPOP)
Founded by Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen, the Museum of Pop Culture (MoPOP) is dedicated to contemporary popular culture. Its exhibits, which range from science fiction and fantasy to music and video games, are housed in a strikingly modern building designed by Frank Gehry.
7. Amazon Spheres
The Amazon Spheres are a striking example of innovative urban workspace design, consisting of three glass and steel domes filled with more than 40,000 plants from around the world. As part of Amazon’s downtown Seattle campus, they underscore the city’s status as a tech hub and its commitment to integrating nature within the city limits.
8. Seattle Great Wheel
On Pier 57, the Seattle Great Wheel extends over Elliott Bay, offering riders spectacular views of the city and beyond. As one of the largest Ferris wheels in North America, it lights up the waterfront with its LED light shows, adding a fun twist to Seattle’s already iconic skyline.
9. Olympic Sculpture Park
Managed by the Seattle Art Museum, Olympic Sculpture Park transforms nine acres of industrial land into an open space designed to blend top-tier art with pristine nature. The park features sculptures from internationally acclaimed artists, set against the stunning backdrop of the Puget Sound and the Olympic Mountains.
10. Ballard Locks
Ballard Locks serves as a gateway between the saltwater of Puget Sound and the freshwater of the Ship Canal, which flows into Lake Union and Lake Washington. Visitors can watch boats of all sizes navigate the locks and see salmon make their upstream journey via the fish ladder.
As one of the United States’ oldest cities, Boston is a treasure trove of American history, culture, and innovation. This city seamlessly blends its historical significance with modern dynamism, offering a multitude of experiences that attract visitors from around the globe.
Whether you’re a recent graduate hoping to lay down roots in the city of your dreams, or a lifelong traveler on the hunt for a year-long lease in a great neighborhood, you can find what you’re looking for in Boston.
Here are ten of the top attractions that Boston is known for, each showcasing an essential facet of the city’s singular charm.
1. Freedom Trail
A 2.5-mile-long path through downtown Boston, the Freedom Trail leads visitors to 16 historically significant sites, including Paul Revere’s House, the Old North Church, and the USS Constitution. It’s a living history museum that offers insight into the events of the American Revolution and the people who shaped the nation we live in today.
2. Fenway Park
Home to the Boston Red Sox, Fenway Park is the oldest ballpark in the MLB and an icon of sports history. The “Green Monster” in left-field is famous worldwide, and attending a game here is a quintessential Boston experience.
3. Boston Common and Public Garden
Established in 1634, Boston Common is America’s oldest public park, and the adjacent Public Garden, established in 1837, is the nation’s first public botanical garden. Together, they form the green heart of the city, offering a picturesque setting for kicking back and reflecting amidst the urban landscape.
4. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
One of the largest museums in the United States, the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, houses a vast collection that spans continents and millennia. From ancient Egyptian artifacts to contemporary American art, the MFA offers a world-class cultural experience that reflects Boston’s global perspective and intellectual curiosity.
5. Boston Tea Party Ships & Museum
This floating museum brings to life the Boston Tea Party, one of the key events leading up to the American Revolution. Visitors can explore replicas of the ships involved, throw tea into the harbor, and engage with interactive exhibits that tell the story of America’s fight for independence.
6. Beacon Hill
With its narrow, gas-lit streets and Federal-style brick row houses, Beacon Hill is one of Boston’s most picturesque neighborhoods. It epitomizes the city’s New England charm and offers a glimpse into its affluent past, with the Massachusetts State House perched at its peak.
7. MIT and Harvard
Just across the Charles River from Boston, Cambridge is home to two of the world’s most prestigious universities: the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard University. Their campuses are centers of academic excellence and innovation, contributing to the region’s intellectual community.
8. The North End
Boston’s North End, also known as Little Italy, is renowned for its Italian heritage, historic sites and some of the best Italian restaurants and pastry shops in the city. This neighborhood offers a taste of European charm and a sense of community that is distinctly Bostonian.
9. The Boston Marathon
The Boston Marathon is the world’s oldest annual marathon and one of the most prestigious running events in the world. Held on Patriots’ Day every April, it attracts runners and spectators from around the world, showcasing the city’s spirit of resilience and community support.
10. The New England Aquarium
Right on the waterfront, the New England Aquarium is a center for ocean exploration and marine conservation. It features a giant ocean tank, a penguin colony, and an IMAX theater, providing an educational and entertaining experience for visitors of all ages.
Feelings of Financial Insecurity in America Soar to Record High, Even as Consumer Anxiety About the Economy and Recession Recede Northwestern Mutual’s 2024 Planning & Progress Study finds just over half of U.S. adults expect recession this year, a significant drop from two-thirds who said the same in 2023 One-third (33%) of Americans say they … [Read more…]
Want to learn how to sell short stories for money? Yes, you may be able to earn money from home doing this. Short stories tell a quick and interesting story. They’re not very long, usually just a few hundred to a few thousand words. Even though they’re short, they still have a complete story with…
Want to learn how to sell short stories for money?
Yes, you may be able to earn money from home doing this.
Short stories tell a quick and interesting story. They’re not very long, usually just a few hundred to a few thousand words. Even though they’re short, they still have a complete story with a start, middle, and finish.
Short stories can be about anything, like mysteries, adventures, or even funny moments.
In this article, we’ll go over the strategies to turn your short stories into a profitable side hustle, and you will learn:
What a short story is
Places you can sell short stories
How to make the most money selling short stories
Recommended reading: 16 Best Ways To Get Paid To Read Books
Best Places To Sell Short Stories For Money
Below are the different ways to sell short stories for money.
1. Amazon Kindle Direct Publishing (KDP)
Want to learn how to sell short stories on Amazon? If so, then Amazon Kindle Direct Publishing is one place to start, as this is a self-publishing platform and almost everyone uses Amazon already.
To get started selling short stories on Amazon Kindle Direct Publishing, you need to first create an Amazon KDP account. Make sure your short story is well-edited and formatted. Create an eye-catching cover for your short story. You can use Amazon’s Kindle creation tools or make your own on graphic design sites like Canva.
Kindle eBook prices typically start around $0.99 and go up from there. You can also sell your book on Kindle Unlimited and get up to 70% royalties. There are many benefits to using KDP to publish your short stories, including publishing in 3 easy steps, the potential to earn royalties, and being able to set your own list prices.
Kindle Direct Publishing can also help you distribute your eBook around the world, print your short stories into real-life physical copies, and help ship them around the world.
Recommended reading: How Alyssa is making $200 a DAY in book sales passively
2. Clarkesworld Magazine
Clarkesworld Magazine is a fantasy and science fiction magazine that publishes short stories, articles, and audio fiction. Magazines are published monthly and available on the website or in eBook format.
Guidelines for submitting short stories are straightforward. Short stories must be between 1,000 and 22,000 words, and you’ll get paid 12 cents per word. Payment is via PayPal or check. The story must be in genres such as science fiction or fantasy, horror is not allowed.
Stories submitted to Clarkesworld Magazine must be well-written, convenient for on-screen reading, and suitable for audio.
Recommended reading: 14 Places To Find Freelance Writing Jobs – (Start With No Experience!)
3. One Story
One Story is a popular magazine that publishes a short story once a month.
This platform specifically looks for literal fiction and they can only accept stories between 3,000 and 8,000 words. These short stories can be any style and on any subject as long as the story is compelling and well-written.
One Story pays $500 and 25 contributors copies. Stories must be new and not have been previously published material. One Story responds to submissions within 3 months after they are received.
4. East of the Web
East of the Web is a platform that helps provide exposure to writers.
The site gets over 500,000 page views a month, so if your short story is submitted and accepted, your story will likely get some views. This is beneficial because the site also receives attention from agents, press, filmmakers, schools, and other publishers.
To get your story accepted to East of the Web, your short story must have a compelling narrative that leaves the reader satisfied after the story. Your short story should feel complete and not need a follow-up story in order to leave the reader satisfied.
5. Flash Fiction Online
Flash Fiction Online is a magazine that publishes short stories in genres like science fiction, fantasy, horror, and literary fiction.
Short stories must be between 500 and 1000 words and include characters, compelling plots, and satisfying endings.
Your short story must be formatted correctly according to Flash Fiction’s guidelines (double-spaced, 12pt Times New Roman, and black font on a white background), and short stories cannot be written by AI!
As of 2024, Flash Fiction Online’s rate is $100 for each original story.
6. The Threepenny Review
The Threepenny Review is an American literary magazine that has fiction, memoirs, poetry, and essays. You can submit short stories via mail or through their online submission system.
The Threepenny Review pays $400 per story or article, $200 per poem, and does not print material that has already been published elsewhere. Short stories must be 4,000 words or less.
7. Poets & Writers
Poets & Writers is the largest nonprofit organization serving creative writers and is available as a magazine at major bookstores. The goal of Poets & Writers is to help poets and writers reach as many people as possible through their literary community.
With a national audience of over 100,000 readers, Poets & Writers has a strong following with students and faculty in creative writing programs across the United States.
Poets & Writers is known for its writing contests, grants, and awards database that features all kinds of creative writing contests. You can filter through the database by genre, cash prize, and if there’s an entry fee to sign up for the contest.
8. The Atlantic
The Atlantic is a publication known for its journalism.
The magazine covers a wide range of topics, including politics, science, technology, culture, and more. Short stories can be submitted and possibly sold to The Atlantic in genres such as fiction and poetry.
It’s best to look at what The Atlantic has published in the past to see what kind of short story they’re likely to accept. All short stories should be submitted as a Word document or PDF.
9. Reader’s Digest
Reader’s Digest is an online as well as printed magazine that was started in 1922.
The magazine covers a wide range of topics, including health, humor, inspirational stories, and more.
Submitting a short story to Reader’s Digest is simple and straightforward. You also need to include your name, address, and email to successfully submit your story.
10. Medium
Medium is a unique site where writers can publish and monetize their content.
Medium mostly focuses on articles and essays, but you can also publish short stories.
As a writer, you earn money depending on how much time Medium members spend reading your short stories. Due to this, it’s important to build a following and consistently write high-quality short stories on Medium to increase your chances of making money.
This can be a great place to sell short stories for money online.
11. Barrelhouse
Barrelhouse is a literary magazine that accepts submissions from writers, such as short stories.
Along with putting out a print magazine, Barrelhouse is also known for running a small press, organizing the Conversations & Connections conference, and the retreat Writer Camp. These are great resources if you’re looking to network and further your skills as a writer.
The magazine is looking for submissions that haven’t been previously published. Submissions are usually shorter than 8,000 words and in a format that is easy to read.
12. The New Yorker
The New Yorker is an American magazine that covers culture, politics, arts, and literature.
The magazine has been around since 1925 and has easily become one of the most influential magazines in the United States. Because of this, successfully submitting a short story and getting it accepted is quite difficult.
If you want to take your shot at submitting a short story to The New Yorker, submissions must be sent to [email protected].
All submissions are read within ninety days and if you do not hear back within that time frame, it means your story was not accepted.
13. Submit to short story contests
Short story contests are competitions where you can submit a short story for a chance to win a prize or recognition.
Contests are managed by magazines, writing organizations, and publishing houses that have an interest in promoting writers and getting their work seen by the public.
Contests will have specific guidelines such as which themes and genres are accepted, word limits, entry fees, prizes, and who the judges are.
Short story contests change over time and some of the most well-known short story contests include:
The Bridport Prize, which is a U.K.-based competition for short stories
The Writer’s Digest Short Story Competition
The Moth Short Story Prize
The Commonwealth Short Story Prize
The Sunday Times Short Story Award
You can also find other contests to submit your short story on contest databases like the Poets & Writers contest database and The Writer’s College short story writing competitions database.
14. Start your own blog
Another great way to get paid for your short stories is by creating a short story blog. This will allow you to share your creative work with the public.
Building a readership on your blog takes time, so be patient and dedicate time to marketing your blog and creating high-quality content.
Once your blog is up and running, you can make money via ad revenue, affiliate marketing, sponsored posts, and even by creating and selling your short stories through a subscription or paid ebook.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Below are answers to common questions about how to sell short stories for money.
What are short stories?
Short stories are short works of fiction (also known as short fiction) that focus on one plot, theme, or set of characters. Short stories are short, ranging from a few hundred words to a few thousand words. Even though short stories are brief in length, they convey a compelling narrative with a beginning, middle, and end.
What are some different short story genres?
Short stories can come in any genre and storytelling style. The most popular short story genres include mystery, science fiction (sci-fi), thrillers, fantasy, horror, adventure, historical fiction, romance, personal essays, speculative fiction, and drama. There are many more genres to include, and you can even mix different genres. You can even make money writing poems.
Are short stories fiction or nonfiction?
Short stories are by definition fiction pieces, and not non-fiction.
How much money can I make selling short stories? How much is a short story worth?
The amount of money you can make selling short stories depends on factors like the length of the story, the market, the publication, and the popularity of the short story.
You may earn as little as $25 for a short story, or you may be able to earn over $1,000 for a short story. For example, a short story in Reader’s Digest will most likely pay less than a short story in The New Yorker. Or, if you write and publish your own short story on Amazon that becomes popular, you may be able to earn thousands of dollars.
Do short stories sell on Amazon?
Short stories sell on Amazon through the Kindle Direct Publishing (KDP) platform. Many people choose to sell on KDP first because of the ease of getting started and publishing on KDP. Amazon KDP also has resources to help you publish short stories like helping create covers for your eBooks.
How do I sell my first short story?
The most important step to successfully sell your first short story is to create a high-quality and compelling story. The story needs to be engaging and free of grammatical errors (of course!). Once you’ve done this, you can choose online platforms, journals, or literary magazines you want to publish the short stories.
You must read the short story submission guidelines for each publication and make sure you pay attention to word counts and formatting requirements the platform is looking for.
You can sell your short story to different platforms. You may even want to try entering short story contests which often provide an opportunity for recognition, cash prizes, or publication opportunities. Market your short story on social media, your website, and other platforms to gain reach.
How many pages is a short story?
A short story can range from 500 words to 20,000 words. The actual number of pages depends on font size, spacing, and formatting. The average 1,000-word short story may be 5 pages, while a 20,000-word short story may be up to 100 pages. It all depends on the platform and what their short story submission guidelines are.
What is the best place to sell short stories for money online?
The best place to sell short stories depends on your style of writing and goals. Self-publishing on Amazon through Kindle Direct Publishing (KDP) allows you to sell your short stories as eBooks and you get to control your pricing. You can even submit your Kindle eBook to Kindle Unlimited, which gives you up to 70% royalties when your book is read. There are also many award-winning sites and platforms where short story sellers can submit their craft to potential buyers, such as a literary journal.
There are many other places where you can sell short stories (other than the list above), such as Strange Horizons, BBC, Vestal Review (for flash fiction), Ploughshares, and more.
How To Sell Short Stories For Money – Summary
I hope you enjoyed this article on how to sell short stories for money.
The best places to sell your short stories include Kindle Direct Publishing, Clarkesworld Magazine, One Story, Flash Fiction Online, and many others that are listed above. These sites are some of the best places to sell short stories due to the ease of publishing books and wide audience.
Wherever you sell your short stories, it’s important to create a compelling narrative and make sure your work is free of grammatical errors.
Good short story writers are in demand, so I hope you can see success with this!
Are you interested in selling short stories for money?
WEISSPORT, Pa. – A new destination for hand-crafted baskets, pillows, framed artwork, seasonal accents and other home furnishings is set to open this weekend in Carbon County.
Simple Home Pennsylvania, a store offering unique home decor and gifts, including many items made in the United States by artisans and crafters, will hold a grand opening at 11 a.m. March 2 at 500A Bridge St. in Weissport.
The business will operate near The Gorge Eatery in a renovated portion of the Hofford Mill, a late 19th century building that originally operated as a lumber mill.
Simple Home Pennsylvania owner Sarah Kuhn, of Lehighton, labels her new venture a “passion project” and hopes it will help to reinvigorate Weissport’s business scene.
Unlike many of the antique and consignment shops in the area, Simple Home Pennsylvania will carry “more modern and contemporary products,” Kuhn said.
“I’m really excited,” Kuhn said. “There’s not a lot of opportunity for people in Weissport and the surrounding area to shop this kind of way without having to go to Allentown or other places that are a half hour-plus away. The Gorge Eatery has had a lot to do with Weissport’s rebirth, and we’re hoping to help complement that.”
The store will feature a wide array of home decor items, including dried and artificial florals, vases and planters, wreaths and garland, and serving boards and trays.
Customers also will be able to shop throw blankets and pillows; scented items such as soaps, candles and diffusers; and kitchen products such as mugs, cannisters, dish towels, dinner napkins, oven gloves and natural acacia wood cooking utensils.
“We’ll also have some customized items that are local to the area, including pieces featuring Mauch Chunk Lake and Beltzville Lake,” Kuhn said.
With the help of her father, Kuhn renovated the roughly 1,000-square-foot space to include new flooring, counters, wall paint and more.
“My father has flipped a couple of houses in the past, and I’ve helped stage them and given him design ideas on how to remodel them,” Kuhn said. “He’s retired now and spent countless hours helping me remodel the space – making a custom fireplace, adding new flooring, everything.”
Customers also will be able to shop books, including cookbooks and selections in other genres such as how-to, self-help and decorating inspiration, along with “Support Local Farmers” and “Support American Farmers” sweatshirts.
“We’ve gotten a lot of interaction on our Facebook page regarding our support for local farmers and our clothing displaying those messages,” Huhn said. “There’s a lot of excitement for that.”
To celebrate its grand opening, Simple Home Pennsylvania will offer a door prize along with discount coupons (valid on March 2 only).
Going forward, store hours will be 5-8 p.m. Thursdays, 5-9 p.m. Fridays, noon to 9 p.m. Saturdays and 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. Sundays.
Customers also can shop online at simplehomepa.com and place orders for pickup or delivery within 10 miles of the store.
For the latest Simple Home Pennsylvania updates, follow the business’ pages on Facebook and Instagram.
The information provided on this website does not, and is not intended to, act as legal, financial or credit advice. See Lexington Law’s editorial disclosure for more information.
A credit privacy number (CPN) is formatted similarly to a Social Security number and is commonly used by fraudulent companies to scam people with bad credit. Using a CPN to apply for credit constitutes fraud, and they’re often tied to criminal activity.
A credit privacy number (CPN) is sold to consumers as a product to repair bad credit. In reality, these numbers can be associated with identity theft. The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) considers identity theft to be any instance where a criminal uses someone else’s personal information to “open accounts, file taxes or make purchases.” CPNs can pave the way for such fraudulent activity.
Here, we’ll explain what credit privacy numbers are, what they’re used for and how to avoid scams. Most importantly, you’ll also learn how to fix your credit without a CPN.
A credit privacy number, or CPN, is sold to consumers as a way to repair bad credit. But did you know these numbers can be associated with identity theft? Experian® reports that approximately one in every 20 Americans becomes a victim of identity theft each year, so it’s important to learn the dangers of CPNs if a company advertises one to you.
When you have bad credit, you may be more susceptible to methods that hurt your situation more than help it. Here, you’ll learn about what credit privacy numbers are, what they’re used for and how to avoid scams. Most importantly, you’ll also learn about how to repair your credit without a CPN.
Key takeaways:
Credit privacy numbers (CPNs) are often stolen Social Security numbers (SSNs).
Creating and even using a CPN can count as fraud.
No entities have the legal authority to issue CPNs despite their claims.
Table of contents:
What is a CPN?
A credit privacy number (CPN) is a nine-digit number set up in the same format as a Social Security number: XXX-XX-XXXX. CPNs aren’t issued by the federal government and have no official legal standing. They operate in a legal gray area, but using a CPN to apply for credit constitutes fraud, and they’re often tied to criminal activity.
You may also come across some other terms for CPNs, like:
Credit profile number
Secondary credit number
Credit protection number
What is a CPN used for?
Companies market and sell CPNs to supposedly fix bad credit, but using these products can have steep legal ramifications. CPNs are stolen Social Security numbers or products of synthetic identity fraud. It’s illegal to use a CPN to apply for credit, so even if you are “issued” one by a company, you can’t use it in any way that helps your credit.
A common scenario is criminals stealing Social Security numbers that belong to minors or those who are already deceased, since credit monitoring services usually don’t track their use. These stolen SSNs are then sold as CPNs, so all parties involved are participants in identity theft.
Synthetic identity fraud is another way criminals create CPNs to sell. This method involves using a computer algorithm to randomly create nine-digit numbers that match the formatting of Social Security numbers. Criminals then use an illegal online validator to ensure the fake number will pass as a legitimate SSN before selling it. One way they do this is by using potential SSNs that haven’t been issued to anyone yet.
How are CPNs different from SSNs, EINs and ITINs?
There are several types of numbers that can be used as identifiers for legal and financial purposes. Here’s a breakdown of the most common:
Social Security number (SSN): Issued by the federal government and is a unique identifier. Most U.S. citizens are issued one at birth, which they use to apply for a driver’s license, hold jobs, file taxes and apply for credit, among other things.
Employer identification number (EIN): A unique identifier for businesses and issued by the IRS. This allows business owners to open business bank accounts, get business licenses and file taxes under the business’s name.
Individual taxpayer identification number (ITIN): Similar to Social Security numbers, but the main difference is that ITINs are used by those classified as “authorized noncitizens.” For example, an immigrant working in the United States would need an ITIN to file and pay taxes.
The big difference between these numbers and a credit privacy number is that they’re legitimate numbers issued by actual entities within the federal government, and a CPN is not.
Is a CPN legal?
No, using a CPN is not legal. CPNs started as a byproduct of the Privacy Act of 1974. This act made it so that you couldn’t be forced to provide your Social Security number to a third party unless it was required by federal law, such as applying for a passport. This was meant to give Americans more privacy and protect them from identity theft.
Credit repair scams often market CPNs to those trying to rebuild their credit. But in fact, any business that sells a CPN is engaging in fraudulent activity.
What happens to those breaking the law with a CPN?
By purchasing a credit privacy number, you may unknowingly be breaking the law. According to the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, CPN schemes often involve stolen CPNs from children, the elderly and incarcerated individuals. If an individual purchases a CPN, they may be convicted of various identity theft crimes, as well as the crime of making false statements on a loan or credit application.
The Department of Justice has been cracking down on identity theft, and they carry sentences of 15 to 30 years along with various fines for those who break these laws.
How to avoid a CPN scam
The best way to avoid a credit privacy number scam is to avoid anything involving a CPN. Be wary of a business that offers you a new credit identity—such as a CPN—it’s likely an identity fraud scam.
Other red flags include a company asking or suggesting that you lie about any identifying information, including your name, address or phone number, and a business asking for payment before completing any services.
Check out the Credit Repair Organizations Act to learn more about your credit repair rights.
How to report a CPN scam
The best way to eliminate criminals using fraudulent CPN scams is to report them whenever you see them, and you can do this through the Department of Justice. On their Fraud Section page, they have a variety of links and resources to report different scams.
Scams involving credit privacy numbers can also be reported to your local police department, your state’s attorney general and the Federal Trade Commission. While the investigation will be taking place at the state and federal level, reporting to your local police department can let them know what scams may be operating in the area so they can issue warnings to the community.
How to repair your credit without a CPN
Purchasing a CPN is tempting because it seems like a fast and easy way to repair your credit. In reality, building a good credit score takes time, but there are steps you can start taking today.
Dispute errors on your credit report: Derogatory marks include collections, late or missed payments, bankruptcies and other negative marks. These heavily weigh down your credit, so clean your credit report often.
Use a pay-for-delete letter: You may have heard that paying off collections usually won’t improve your credit. If you negotiate a pay-for-delete agreement with the collection agency, they may remove the collection account from your report, which would likely help your credit.
Become an authorized user: If you have bad credit, try to become an authorized user on a friend or family member’s credit card account to “piggyback” off their credit.
Find a cosigner: Making payments on loans—like auto or personal loans—can improve your credit. If you can’t get approved for a loan, finding a cosigner may help.
Don’t miss a payment: One of the best things you can do is ensure you don’t miss any payments that get reported to credit bureaus. Maintaining a good credit history will help you repair and improve your credit.
Repair your credit with Lexington Law Firm
Although there are credit repair scams, legitimate credit repair companies can help you rebuild your credit. Lexington Law Firm has a team of legal professionals who have experience with credit recovery.
They can review your credit report, find errors that may be hurting your credit and challenge them on your behalf. Our services also include tools such as a credit snapshot, which can help you maintain good credit and improve your financial future.
Note: Articles have only been reviewed by the indicated attorney, not written by them. The information provided on this website does not, and is not intended to, act as legal, financial or credit advice; instead, it is for general informational purposes only. Use of, and access to, this website or any of the links or resources contained within the site do not create an attorney-client or fiduciary relationship between the reader, user, or browser and website owner, authors, reviewers, contributors, contributing firms, or their respective agents or employers.
Reviewed By
Vince R. Mayr
Supervising Attorney of Bankruptcies
Vince has considerable expertise in the field of bankruptcy law.
He has represented clients in more than 3,000 bankruptcy matters under chapters 7, 11, 12, and 13 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. Vince earned his Bachelor of Science Degree in Government from the University of Maryland. His Masters of Public Administration degree was earned from Golden Gate University School of Public Administration. His Juris Doctor was earned at Golden Gate University School of Law, San Francisco, California. Vince is licensed to practice law in Arizona, Nevada, and Colorado. He is located in the Phoenix office.
The information provided on this website does not, and is not intended to, act as legal, financial or credit advice. See Lexington Law’s editorial disclosure for more information.
The United States Department of Veterans Affairs doesn’t have a minimum credit requirement for loans. However, private lenders are usually more favorable to applicants with a credit score of at least 500.
The United States Department of Veterans Affairs (or VA for short) doesn’t have set credit requirements for loans. Yet, “What is the minimum credit score for a VA loan?” remains a common question. This is because there are private lenders who also offer VA loans—and who typically have specific credit requirements for borrowers.
Most private lenders are willing to work with applicants who have at least a 500 credit score. The higher your score, the more likely you are to obtain a loan. Here, we’ll discuss the nuances of credit scores and the military‘s requirements for VA loans. We’ll also share how Lexington Law Firm can assist you on your credit-building journey.
Key takeaways:
The VA has a special debt relief program for veterans.
Veterans can qualify for unique loans.
The Servicemembers Civil Relief Act only applies to active-duty members.
The minimum credit score for a VA loan
The VA doesn’t require a minimum credit score for loans. Private lenders, however, will use your credit score to gauge your eligibility and set your interest rate. Applicants with higher credit scores tend to receive better rates, and private lenders tend to look favorably on applicants with good credit scores (670 – 739, according to the FICO® model).
That said, it’s still possible to get a loan with bad credit. Applicants with low credit scores can make a higher down payment if they have the capital to do so. Applying with a cosigner is also another valid alternative; lenders will look at the creditworthiness of both signees when deciding whether or not to approve you.
What are the VA loan eligibility requirements?
VA loans have unique qualifiers besides credit scores that applicants will need to keep in mind. Since the Department of Veterans Affairs primarily works with service members who’ve already retired, many active-duty service members may not be eligible for VA loans.
Below, we’ll break down the eligibility criteria for VA loans by category.
Credit and income Information
We know the VA doesn’t have strict limits on credit, but they do require proof of income. Applicants will also have much better odds if their debt-to-income ratio is below the 44 percent threshold.
Discharge status
So long as an applicant wasn’t dishonorably discharged from service, they are eligible for a loan. Unless a service member was deemed insane when they were charged, title 38 of the United States Code (38 U.S.C. § 5303) states that individuals are susceptible to a statutory bar to benefits if they were released or discharged for any of the following reasons:
Was sentenced to a general court-martial
Was a conscientious objector and refused to comply with lawful orders of competent military command
Deserted their post
Resignation by an officer for the good of the service
Being absent without official leave (AWOL) for a consistent period of 180 days or more
Requested release from service as an alien during a period of hostilities
Certificate of eligibility
You’ll need a certificate of eligibility (COE) to apply for a VA home loan. Once you gain a copy of your discharge/separation papers, you can request your COE by mail, phone, through a lender or via the VA’s online portal.
Military service status
The requirements for this category will vary depending on your relationship with the military.
Active-duty service members: Must have 90 consecutive days of service.
Veterans: Must have 90 days of service during wartime or 181 days of service during peacetime.
National Guard or Reservists: Are required to have 90 days of active duty service or six completed years of service.
Spouses: Spouses of deceased or disabled service members.
Occupancy requirements
The VA has specific occupancy requirements to deter people from misusing their loans. VA loans are intended for primary residences, not investment properties or vacation homes. To that end, applicants can only secure VA for their primary residence and will need to submit proof of homeownership in most instances.
Applicants will also have 60 days after closing on a property to move in and occupy it as their primary residence. In certain circumstances (such as if an applicant is on active duty), this 60-day window will be extended.
What are the benefits of using a VA loan?
VA loans provide a host of advantages to anyone who can secure them. Several examples include:
No down payment: If you can secure a VA loan for your home, you won’t be required to offer a down payment. Applicants who want to lower their interest rate will still have the option to place a down payment.
Low-interest rates: Because VA loans are backed by the government, they traditionally come with some of the lowest interest rates available.
PMI isn’t required: Once again, thanks to government backing, VA loans let applicants save money by forgoing private mortgage insurance (PMI).
3 simple ways to improve your credit
We’ve established that private lenders prefer applicants with good credit. FICO, one of the most respected credit reporting companies in the world, defines good credit scores as any that fall between 670 and 739.
If your score isn’t already in that range, here are a few strategies to help you along the way.
Regularly make your payments on time
FICO considers payment history to be the most important factor when determining what affects your credit score. VantageScore®, a credit reporting company founded by Equifax®, Experian® and TransUnion®, also holds payment history in high regard.
Missing a payment can drastically hurt your credit. On the other hand, consistently making payments on time, even if it’s just the minimum payment, will steadily yield positive results.
Maintain a low credit utilization rate
Credit utilization looks at your credit borrowing trends—your current balances compared with your total credit limit determines your credit utilization rate for a given period. FICO and VantageScore urge borrowers to keep their utilization rates below 10 percent, though 30 percent and below is the next best option.
Dispute errors on your credit report
Errors can appear on your credit report that can dramatically lower your credit. It’s possible to challenge these errors and potentially have them removed, though many people may need help handling credit disputes.
Lexington Law Firm works to help people address these errors on their reports. Plus, we can also contact the major credit reporting bureaus on your behalf.
Monitor your credit with Lexington Law Firm
Low credit scores may make it harder to secure a VA loan. However, it’s never too late to improve your credit and bolster your eligibility. Lexington Law Firm offers unique credit repair services for veterans and service members whose credit may have altered during their time in the military.
Note: Articles have only been reviewed by the indicated attorney, not written by them. The information provided on this website does not, and is not intended to, act as legal, financial or credit advice; instead, it is for general informational purposes only. Use of, and access to, this website or any of the links or resources contained within the site do not create an attorney-client or fiduciary relationship between the reader, user, or browser and website owner, authors, reviewers, contributors, contributing firms, or their respective agents or employers.
Reviewed By
Alexis Peacock
Supervising Attorney
Alexis Peacock was born in Santa Cruz, California and raised in Scottsdale, Arizona.
In 2013, she earned her Bachelor of Science in Criminal Justice and Criminology, graduating cum laude from Arizona State University. Ms. Peacock received her Juris Doctor from Arizona Summit Law School and graduated in 2016. Prior to joining Lexington Law Firm, Ms. Peacock worked in Criminal Defense as both a paralegal and practicing attorney. Ms. Peacock represented clients in criminal matters varying from minor traffic infractions to serious felony cases. Alexis is licensed to practice law in Arizona. She is located in the Phoenix office.