Today is the 15th anniversary of the collapse of Lehman Brothers. The great financial crisis (GFC) revealed a defective supply chain, metrics unable to assess local risk and markets incapable of answering Ben Bernanke’s defining question – “what’s this stuff worth?”
The requirements of a Digital Housing Platform were well understood long before the crisis. The components needed to move housing past a costly, error prone, disconnected system include:
Authentication: Identity is the key control point in any digital interaction. The capability to “identity proof” the participants in a complex, multi-party transaction is fundamental to establishing trust, reducing fraud and removing friction between “relying parties.” The capability to authenticate, issue and revoke digital credentials is central to controlling access, verifying rights and accepting content from supply chain partners.
Authorization: A digital loan file of record accessed by a broad range of trusted identities from lenders to guarantors to investors requires a permission structure. What functions are individuals and organizations allowed to perform including viewing, editing, printing, exporting and approving? The capability to enforce these rights can eliminate errors and rework. The result should be collapsing costs and cycle times, improving quality, reducing repurchase risk and certifying that a loan, and its related assets are “Fit 4 Sale.”
Non-Repudiation: E-sign became federal law in 2000 but digital signatures are only a subset of the integrity component. Investors require assurance that a file, note or instrument reflects the verifiable intentions of the committed parties. Sensitive content must be protected in motion over networks and at rest within repositories. Technologies like encryption help deliver certainty that content has not been tampered with.
Validation: Mortgage is a manufacturing process with end products dependent on accurate information. Data is imported from multiple sources including credit agencies, public records aggregators, appraisers, inspectors, title and insurance firms and Realtors. How do we know that the data is correct, can the source be verified, does it meet quality standards and can compliance with pricing guidelines be guaranteed?
Federation: Integrating the fragmented, localized and diverse housing ecosystem is the major challenge for any network delivering content from trusted sources. Standard agreements define shared responsibilities and what happens when mistakes happen. These policy considerations, enforced by technology and legal conventions, are required for interoperability among supply chains and between competing “Super Apps.”
Registration: A golden record of who owns the asset is a prerequisite for any commercial trading system. Improving the ability of MERS to verify and transfer ownership required capital, time and technology. Extending the registration component to county recording offices was another platform foundation.
Transactions: Platforms are “plug and play” once federated policies are widely implemented. Matching and clearing trades in open exchanges for multiple asset classes is a core ICE capability. The Ellie Mae component provided a critical mass of connections to begin the process of reinventing the property transaction.
Compensation: Payments reveal the end points of the ad-hoc networks that characterize real estate. A servicing system that touches the consumer every month can be extended to all the participants in the original transaction. As every consumer facing commercial platform will attest — payments are the prize.
Information: Listings are on platform and new metrics will assess the risk, value and volatility of submarkets.
Integration: The sector reimagines portals, anchors federations, converges markets and makes money.
The DC3 platform launched in 1937 featured five components that had to be invented to make commercial air travel possible. Apple’s iPhone integrated 12 new components in 2007, and its reach has been extended to multiple vertical markets including banking. Housing finally has a Digital Platform that can attack several hard problems. What’s next?
Stuart McFarland is the former EVP Operations and CFO at Fannie Mae, EVP General Manager at GE Capital Mortgage Services, and CEO at GE Capital Asset Management.
This column does not necessarily reflect the opinion of HousingWire’s editorial department and its owners.
To contact the author of this story: Stuart McFarland at [email protected]
To contact the editor responsible for this story: Tracey Velt at [email protected]
But depending on how a lender interprets the guidelines, the client could have gotten his application rejected for not having consistent employment for a two-year period without interruptions, explained Gastelum.
“It really comes down to interpretation of the guideline. One lender could have said, ‘Oh, he was out a week, so it’s interrupted and therefore, the second employment doesn’t work.’ The problem is, a mortgage credit reject (MCR) is kind of like your scarlet letter, to be completely honest,” Gastelum said.
When a lender rejects an FHA application, it discourages the next lender from even reviewing the application because of the extra work the underwriters have to do to override that MCR, mortgage pros told HousingWire.
All FHA mortgage lenders use a system by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) called FHA Connection, a database used to insure and generate FHA case numbers associated with the borrower’s home loan application. When the borrower is denied for an FHA mortgage loan, an MCR report had to be created for that denial. That changed on September 11.
The FHA’s announcement in early September to waive a requirement that FHA-approved lenders flag rejected loans in the FHA Connection system is a step in the right direction since declined borrowers don’t have to overcome a stigma, loan officers said.
In a rate-rising environment where it has become more difficult for first-time buyers to get into the market, borrowers won’t have to deal with a file that has an MCR for six months. Even after the six-month period is over, the borrower’s case number would still be attached to his/her social security number.
Demand for FHA loans have risen over the past year to comprise 23.8% of mortgage applications in August 2023, up from 17% from the same period a year ago, according to the Mortgage Bankers Association.
The FHA/VA share in Q2 2023 stood at 22.9% of the entire mortgage origination volume, up from 18% in Q2 2022, according to data compiled by Inside Mortgage Finance and Urban Institute.
Loan officers said that the FHA’s waiver will give borrowers a fairer shot at obtaining financing. Borrowers won’t be subject to lenders’ different underwriting interpretations that could lead to a rejection of their mortgage applications.
“That (MCR) is a subjective stigma based on credit risk tolerance of the particular lender that you went to initially. “This is an underwriting technicality that is unfair and it is a good move to create more fairness,” Billy Taylor, CEO of Hometown Lenders, said.
“We are really happy about this change because it’s going to provide more opportunity for loan officers and is going to provide more opportunity for buyers to get a second chance,”Michael Borodinsky, VP and branch manager at Caliber Home Loans, said.
Overcoming overlays
The FHA credit requirements are strict, but borrowers can get an FHA loan with no credit score. In fact, HUD forbids lenders from declining a borrower’s FHA loan application simply because they lack a credit history.
In such a case, lenders will ask for documentation, including a letter from the landlord documenting on-time rent payments, payment history of utility companies and cell phone or internet provider.
Lenders, however, have overlays – rules on top of the federal rules that were published as lenders need to sell those loans to investors who do not want to buy high-risk loans.
“Those overlays – it could be higher standards, it could be lower debt-to-income (DTI) ratios – still exist on a subjective basis on a lender-by-lender basis. So a borrower not knowing that they could qualify for a loan where their credit score is below 640 or 620 could be subject to a denial and then not realize that they could be approved somewhere else,” Borodinsky said.
Generally, the FHA requires a minimum 580 credit score with a down payment of 3.5% to qualify for a FHA loan. Under FHA guidelines, borrowers with credit scores between 500 and 579 must make a down payment of at least 10%. But they may also face tighter requirements. Lenders may require a lower loan-to-value (LTV) ratio or ask that the borrower make a larger down payment.
Reasons for a MCR vary, said Ted Tozer, non-resident fellow at the Urban Institute‘s Housing Finance Policy Center (HFPC) and the former head of Ginnie Mae.
“It could be low credit scores, or it could be geographics too – maybe they’re in a market that it’s a soft market where they’re looking at home prices that could be falling. Lenders don’t want to tilt their portfolio to one where these 3.5% down payments could very well become over 100% LTV just because home prices fall,” Tozer noted.
Industry personnel frequently complained that FHA Connection often didn’t provide sufficient information about mortgage credit rejects to determine why the applicant was rejected, said Peter Idziak, senior associate attorney at Polunsky Beitel Green.
“It could be the lender’s own standards could be higher or different, or in addition to just the FHA qualifications,” Idziak said.
For a prospective homebuyer, the new waiver should avoid a possible misrepresentation of their actual creditworthiness, JR Younathan, SVP and California state mortgage production manager at California Bank & Trust, said
“The given waiver doesn’t necessarily open new paths to compete as they could have done that previously. It would only open a new path in the instance that the other lender wasn’t willing to investigate the reasons the denial was registered, and instead rejected the loan file/borrower on the fact it existed at all, thus eliminating that ability to compete,” Younathan noted.
Regardless of whether the applicant is walking in to the lender for the first or second time, the lender should be armed with enough financial information to assess the credit risk.
“The lender should be confident enough to know what questions to ask, how to analyze their income, how to analyze all the other risk profiles, it really shouldn’t make that much difference, because they should be in a situation where they should be asking the right questions to really understand,” Tozer said.
Beggars can’t be choosers
Though loan officers are unanimous that the waiver will make FHA loans more accessible for borrowers, LOs interviewed by HousingWire don’t expect it to increase their production volume.
In a highly competitive environment, lenders had already taken that extra effort to approve loans that would’ve been rejected or already rejected from another lender.
“We’re more likely to underwrite a 500 credit score than a big bank who’s saying ‘I don’t want that risky loan in my portfolio. I don’t want I don’t even want to underwrite it, because I don’t want a 500 or 520 or 560 borrower in my portfolio,’” Taylor, of Hometown Lenders, said.
Hometown Lenders would perform a manual underwriting for an applicant with a lower credit score to try to get an approval rather than simply rejecting a lower credit score borrower, he said.
The FHA loan program requires lenders to seek manual underwriting review when a borrower has a credit score lower than 620 and a DTI greater than 43%. According to HUD, borrowers could qualify with a 580 credit score and a DTI of 50%.
“That (loan origination) is the only way we make income. I don’t think it (the new waiver) would affect us at all, we would have looked at that borrower whether there’s an MCR on there or not,” Taylor noted.
To override an existing MCR would require a level two underwrite – meaning two underwriters would have to underwrite the file as they have the authorization to override the MCR in the FHA Connection system.
Because the mortgage credit reject is going to be eliminated, we’re no longer going to have to deal with a second underwrite, Gastelum said.
“It’s not going to be more business. If anything it’s going to bring some of the borrowers that got declined at other companies back to the marketplace sooner,” Gastelum said.
FHA loan limits rose to a maximum of more than $1 million and mortgage insurance premiums for FHA loans were cut by 30 bps this year in line with home price inflation and to provide relief from the steep rise in mortgage rates.
Some loan officers noted that while the FHA’s decision to cut MIPs was a step in the right direction, the upfront mortgage premium (UFMIP), which amounts to 1.75% of the base loan amount, as well as a monthly premium for the life of the loan, could still be a burden for borrowers compared to those with a conventional loan.
However, affordability will still remain challenging for borrowers as wages would need to rise and home prices would need to fall to tackle that issue, Taylor noted.
“You’re not going to change affordability — which is the real reason people don’t have access to housing — by taking MCR off,” said Taylor.
But any little bit helps, Borodinsky said, citing a tough mortgage origination market that he’s never seen before.
“I welcome anything that moves the needle even fractionally. Because in this market, beggars can’t be choosers. This market is unlike any market we’ve seen in over 30 years in terms of there being no inventory, high interest rates and a real problem compounded with what’s called the lock-in effect,” Borodinsky said.
Looking to build wealth with the best income-generating assets? As you set out on the path to financial freedom, understanding the different types of income-generating assets can truly change your life. This is because you can invest in assets that will generate you income, earning you more passive income. Today’s article will introduce you to…
Looking to build wealth with the best income-generating assets?
As you set out on the path to financial freedom, understanding the different types of income-generating assets can truly change your life.
This is because you can invest in assets that will generate you income, earning you more passive income.
Today’s article will introduce you to a range of assets that reliably bring in cash, giving you peace of mind and the freedom to live life on your own terms.
From traditional investments like stocks and bonds to more creative options like peer-to-peer lending or real estate, income-generating assets give you the power to diversify your portfolio and build wealth over time.
Related content:
What are income generating assets?
Before we begin, I want to talk about the basics on income-generating assets, in case you are new to the subject or if you want a background first.
Income-generating assets are investments that, as the name suggests, generate income for you. These are assets that provide you with a steady cash flow, allowing you to earn passive income and build your wealth over time.
Examples include rental real estate and dividend-paying stocks (we will go over 17 different types of income-generating assets below in more detail).
There are several benefits of the best income-generating assets such as:
Passive income: You earn money without actively working, and this can provide financial freedom and the ability to focus on other things in life. You can earn money in your sleep, while on vacation, making dinner, and more.
Diversification: You can diversify your investments so that all of your income is not coming from just one source.
Wealth building: Earning income and generating a steady cash flow can help you build your wealth over time.
Note: Please keep in mind that there is no one-size-fits-all approach when investing in any of these income-producing assets. Everyone is different and while one asset may work great for someone, it may not be the right asset for you. I recommend doing as much research as you can if you are interested in one of the asset investments I talk about below.
Types Of Income Generating Assets
There are many types of income-generating assets. Some may be more traditional such as dividend-paying stocks, and others may be more alternative income-generating assets, such as selling stock photos, and even renting out your driveway.
Today, I will talk about 17 different types of income-generating assets, but this is not a full list of the best income-producing assets. There are many, many more!
The different types of income-generating assets that I will talk about today include:
1. Dividend-paying stocks
One of the best assets to invest in are dividend-paying stocks.
Dividends are simply a payment in cash or stock that public companies distribute to their shareholders.
The amount of a dividend is determined by a company’s board of directors, and they are given as a way to reward those who have stock in their company. Both private and public companies pay dividends, but not all companies pay dividends.
How do dividends work? If you own shares of a dividend-paying stock, then a dividend is paid per share of that stock. So, if you have 10 shares in Company ABC, and they pay $5 in cash dividends each year, then you will get $50 in dividends that year. While dividends can be paid on a monthly, quarterly, or yearly basis, they are most commonly paid out quarterly — so, four times a year. In this example, the $5 in cash dividends the company pays each year will most likely be distributed as $1.25 per quarter for each share of stock.
The most common type of dividends are cash dividends. Shareholders may choose to get this deposited right into their brokerage account. Stock dividends are another common type of dividend. In this case, shareholders get extra shares of stock instead of cash.
Both cash dividends and stock dividends are great income-generating assets that will earn more money for you.
As a shareholder, you can earn income when companies distribute profits to their shareholders. Look for stocks with a history of consistent dividend payouts and a high dividend yield. Keep in mind that dividend stocks are still subject to market fluctuations, and just because a company has paid a dividend in the past does not mean that they always will in the future.
Related content:
2. High-yield savings accounts and CDs
High-yield savings accounts and CDs are a great way to grow your savings, but most people have their money in accounts with low rates. Unfortunately, that means many of you are losing out on some easy money.
Savings accounts at brick-and-mortar banks are known for having really low interest rates. That’s because they have a much higher overhead — paying for the building, paying the tellers to help you in person at the bank, etc.
High-yield savings accounts offer an easy option for earning interest on your cash. Online banks often offer higher interest rates than traditional banks. As of the writing of this blog post, you can easily find high-yield savings accounts that can earn you above 4.00%.
Certificates of Deposit (CDs), another form of income-generating assets, are FDIC insured and provide a guaranteed interest rate over a specific term. Remember that access to your money is limited during the term of the CD. You will agree upon the term before putting your money in the CD. The terms typically vary in length from around 3 months to 5 years.
Money market accounts are also offered by banks and often with a higher yield than other types of savings accounts.
3. Real estate
Real estate is one of the most common income-generating assets that people think of.
Investing in rental properties is a popular way to generate steady cash flow. You can earn rental income from tenants, and properties typically appreciate in value over time.
Location and property management are important factors that can impact your return on investment.
By investing in real estate, you may be investing in residential properties, commercial real estate, short-term rentals, REITs, and more.
Recommended reading: How This Woman In Her 30s Owns 7 Rental Homes
4. Real estate investment trusts (REITs)
An REIT is a company that owns and manages income-producing real estate. They then sell shares to investors like stock.
By investing in REITs, you can make money in the real estate market without actually owning real estate.
So, if you don’t want to be a landlord, then this may be something for you to look into. This makes it much more passive than actually owning real estate and having to manage it.
You can even diversify your income stream with REITs by investing in different property types, such as residential homes, commercial office space, industrial, and retail store properties.
5. Bonds
Bonds are fixed-income investments that are issued by governments and companies. If you own a bond, you receive interest payments from borrowers on a regular basis.
An easy way to explain this is: When you buy a bond, you are giving someone a loan and they are agreeing to pay you back with interest.
Bonds with higher credit ratings are generally a safer investment but may offer lower interest rates.
6. Mutual funds
Mutual funds gather funds from investors to invest in stocks, bonds, or other securities. Basically, the funds are pooled together and there’s a fund manager who chooses the best investments.
Income-generating assets like this have multiple types of mutual funds available for multiple types of investors. Some of these fund types include bond funds, stock funds, balanced funds, and index funds.
Mutual funds typically have higher fees because they have fund managers who are actively trying to beat the market.
With a mutual fund, you get diversification because the fund manager mixes the assets in it.
7. Index funds and exchange-traded funds (ETFs)
ETFs and index funds are popular options for those who are looking to diversify their portfolio of income-generating assets.
This is because index funds and ETFs track a specific market index and invest in a wide range of stocks or other assets, instead of picking and choosing stocks in an attempt to beat the market. This is what makes them different from mutual funds.
They often have lower fees and higher diversification compared to actively managed funds.
8. Annuities
Annuities are long-term investments offered by insurance companies that give you a guaranteed income stream to build wealth. In exchange for a lump-sum payment or periodic contributions (such as monthly or annually), you’ll receive steady payments in the future.
The way it works is you pay premiums into the annuity for a set amount of time. Later, you stop paying premiums, and the annuity starts sending regular payments to you. Some are even set up to pay you back with a lump sum.
Annuities can be fixed or variable. A fixed annuity offers a guaranteed payment amount — which means a predictable income for you. As for a variable annuity, the payment amount does vary, depending on how the market is doing.
9. Websites and blogs
Starting a website can generate income through the money-making assets of advertising, affiliate marketing, or the sale of products and services.
Since I started Making Sense of Cents, I have earned over $5,000,000 from my blog through affiliate marketing, sponsored partnerships, display advertising, and online courses. These income-generating assets make sense for building wealth.
Blogging allows me to travel as much as I want, have a flexible schedule — and I earn a great income doing it.
Now, it’s not entirely passive, but I do earn semi-passive income from my blog.
You can learn how to start a blog in my How To Start a Blog FREE Course.
Here’s a quick outline of what you will learn:
Day 1: Why you should start a blog
Day 2: How to decide what to write about (your blog niche!)
Day 3: How to create your blog (in this lesson, you will learn how to start a blog on WordPress)
Day 4: The different ways to make money with your blog
Day 5: My advice for making passive income with your blog
Day 6: How to get pageviews
Day 7: Other blogging tips to help you see success
Recommended reading: The 25 Most-Asked Blogging Questions To Get You Started Today
10. Royalties and intellectual property
Intellectual property, such as patents, copyrights, and trademarks, can generate income through licensing fees or royalties. This particular option is good for creative professionals, such as authors, musicians, and inventors, who are looking for income-generating assets.
Royalties are a way to earn income from your creative work or intellectual property. By granting others permission to use or distribute your intellectual property, you can receive ongoing payments known as royalties.
Whether you’re a musician, author, inventor, or artist, royalties offer a passive income stream as your creations continue to generate revenue over time.
Royalties can be paid out periodically or as a lump sum on these passive income assets, depending on your agreement with the licensee.
11. Stock photos
If you have a talent for photography, you can monetize your skills by selling stock photos on platforms such as Shutterstock or Adobe Stock. The more high-quality images you upload, the more potential passive income you can generate.
With stock photography, you simply upload photos that you have taken to a platform such as DepositPhotos, turning your pictures into income-generating assets. Then, you will receive a commission whenever someone buys one of your stock photos.
Stock photos are used for all sorts of reasons by websites, companies, blogs, and more. Businesses need stock photos because they are not usually in the business of taking photos of everything that they need. Instead, they can use stock photos to make their content, website, or business more visually appealing.
Some examples of stock photography include pictures of:
Travel, vacations, landmarks, outdoor adventures
Family members, such as parents, children, family gatherings
Food and drink
Cars, boats, RVs
Businesses, pictures of people in meetings, in an office.
Sports, professional events
Animals, such as household pets or wildlife
The photo possibilities are almost endless for this type of income-generating asset.
Recommended reading: 18 Ways You Can Get Paid To Take Pictures
12. Crowdfunding and peer-to-peer lending
Crowdfunding platforms enable you to invest in real estate deals with a smaller amount of money than buying real estate up front, giving you a passive income through rental income or even a property increasing in value.
Peer-to-peer lending platforms allow you to lend money directly to borrowers. Typically you can earn higher returns than traditional savings accounts, though there’s always the risk of a borrower not paying you back.
Both of these types of assets — crowdfunding and peer-to-peer lending — use technology to connect investors with those looking for funding.
13. Renting out storage space
If you own unused land or unused space in your home, renting it out for storage can be a simple way to generate passive income.
You can offer storage solutions for vehicles or boats. If you have a smaller space, then offer it to store personal belongings. You can rent out your driveway, closet, basement, attic, and more. You can even rent out a shelf.
A website where you can list your storage space is Neighbor. You can earn $100 to $400+ each month on this platform. This depends on the demand in your area and the type of income-generating assets you are renting out. And, you can choose who, what, and when — who to rent to, what things are stored, and when it will happen.
You can learn more at Neighbor Review: Make Money Renting Your Storage Space.
14. Short-term rentals
Short-term rentals can be a lucrative income-generating asset if you own properties in popular tourist destinations or business hubs.
Websites like Airbnb provide a platform to rent out your property to travelers for short periods, potentially generating higher returns than traditional long-term leases.
Furnished Finder is another website for short-term rentals. This is a way to connect with travel nurses in need of short-term housing.
Keep in mind that rental income can be affected by local regulations, potential vacancies, or seasonal fluctuations.
15. Car rentals
Car rental platforms like Turo allow you to rent out your car when you’re not using it. Assets that generate cash flow include your own wheels, and that means no significant initial investment besides the cost of the car you already own.
Be mindful of risks such as wear and tear, insurance, and potential damage caused by renters.
It’s an affordable alternative to traditional rental car companies for customers, and it’s a good way to make money if you’re already working from home and don’t need your car, or are a two-car household.
Turo is one of a few different places to rent out your car, turning your vehicle into one of your income-generating assets. Your car is covered by Turo with up to a $1 million insurance policy. You can also pick the dates for when your car is available and set your rates.
Turo says you can earn an average of $706 per month by listing your car on their site.
16. RV rentals
Similarly to car rentals, RV rentals can provide additional income by renting out your recreational vehicle when you’re not using it. Your RV could easily become one of your income-generating assets.
You may be able to earn $100 to $300 a day, or even more, by renting out your RV on RVShare.
If you have an RV that is just sitting there and not being used, then you may be able to earn an income with it by renting it out to others who are interested in RVing. Cash flow-generating assets like RVs are a win-win for both you and the renter who wants to experience life in a recreational vehicle.
You can learn more at How To Make Extra Money By Renting Out Your RV.
17. Vending machines
With a vending machine business, you can generate income by selling a variety of products, from food to fishing supplies, beauty products to baby items, and more.
You may be able to earn $1,000+ a month by running a vending machine business. That’s enough reason to take a closer look at income-producing assets like this.
You can learn more at How To Start A Vending Machine Business – How I Make $7,000 Monthly.
Questions about income generating assets
Here are common questions that you may have about income-generating assets:
How do I start passive income from nothing?
Starting passive income from nothing requires creativity and resourcefulness. You can begin by identifying skills you possess or interests that can be turned into income-generating opportunities.
What are the assets that generate income?
The assets I talked about above include:
Dividend-paying stocks and stock market investing
High-yield savings accounts and CDs
Real estate
Bonds
Mutual funds
Index funds and exchange-traded funds
Annuities
Websites and online businesses
Royalties and intellectual property
Stock photos
Crowdfunding and peer-to-peer lending
Renting out your storage space
Car rentals
RV rentals
Vending machines
How do I start buying income generating assets?
There are traditional investments or more creative options. Do as much research as you can before deciding which option fits you best.
What are good assets to buy?
After deciding if you want to purchase traditional investments or more creative options, choose an asset that you can afford and best fits your lifestyle.
What are the best assets to buy for beginners?
For beginners seeking income-generating assets, you may want to look into:
Dividend-paying stocks for your investment portfolio
Crowdfunded real estate investing: Platforms like Fundrise allow smaller investments with lower risk exposure.
ETFs and index funds: They provide diversification and passive income through dividends.
What is income generating real estate?
Income-generating real estate refers to properties that produce regular rental income, such as apartments, commercial properties, or short-term vacation rentals.
How do I start passive income in real estate?
There are a few ways that you can earn passive income from real estate, including:
Buying a property, such as an apartment building or duplex, and renting it out to tenants
Using real estate crowdfunding platforms
Investing in REITs
How to make passive income with real estate without owning property?
You don’t need to actually own property in order to make money with real estate. Instead, you can earn passive income from real estate by investing in REITs and using real estate crowdfunding platforms.
This is an option for those who want to be diversified with their income-generating assets but don’t want to spend all of their money or time on a single piece of real estate.
How to make $1,000 a day in passive income?
Making $1,000 a day in passive income with assets that produce income will not be easy. If it were easy, then everyone would be doing it, after all.
Making $1,000 a day in passive income may require a large amount of money up front, diversifying into different assets mentioned above, and lots of patience from you because it will take time to make that kind of money.
You may want to start off by focusing on building multiple income streams and reinvesting your profits as you earn them.
What to think about before investing in income producing assets?
There are many different things to think about when it comes to income-generating assets. You want to find the best assets to invest your money in that will also be the best fit for you.
Remember, as I said at the beginning of this article, not everything will be applicable to everyone. Everyone is different! You may prefer to create a stock photo portfolio and hate real estate, whereas someone else may really enjoy being a real estate investor — or it may even be the other way around.
Here are some of my tips if you are interested in income-generating assets:
Do your research and talk to experts —I recommend researching as much as you can on the asset you are interested in. And, if you still have questions, don’t be afraid to talk to an expert.
Diversify — One of the important parts of building a successful income-generating portfolio is finding ways to be diversified.
Think about the risks —When making money, there’s usually some sort of risk. I recommend evaluating the risks and seeing what you are comfortable with.
What are the best books on income generating assets?
Some highly recommended books on income-generating assets include:
The Simple Path to Wealth by JL Collins
The Millionaire Real Estate Investor by Gary Keller
The Little Book of Common Sense Investing by John C. Bogle
Income Generating Assets — Summary
I hope you enjoyed this article on the best income-generating assets. As you learned, there are many different types of assets that you can invest in so that you can earn an income.
The best income-producing assets, if they’re right for you, can truly change your life.
With these assets, you can build wealth through a reliable passive income, giving you peace of mind and freedom to live life on your own terms.
Are you looking to build income-generating assets? What are your favorite ways?
Most tech CEOs emphasize how their technology empowers, not replaces, humans. But Pavan Agarwal, CEO of Sun West Mortgage Company and the creator of the Angel Ai technology, has a different perspective, which he shares in this interview with HousingWire Editor in Chief Sarah Wheeler. This interview has been edited for length and clarity.
Sarah Wheeler:What do people in the mortgage industry not understand about AI?
Pavan Agarwal: I think the mortgage industry is captivated by ChatGPT. That’s a good thing: I love ChatGPT because it raised awareness. Before, when you said AI, people thought you were talking about futuristic stuff, pie in the sky. Then ChatGPT came out and people realized AI is real and it’s here today.
But the mortgage industry and the real estate industry have kind of equated AI with ChatGPT. So there’s this assumption that ChatGPT is cute, it’s nice — it’s helpful for a marketing team. But high value? No.
High value is what we’re doing with Angel Ai: really calculating income, really reviewing documents, really running through tens of thousands of pages of federal and agency regulations and finding the best path. The creation of ChatGPT is revolutionary from a tech standpoint, but its application has been incremental.
However, on our side, what we’ve developed is fundamentally disruptive. Because 99% of what is done by humans in the mortgage industry, it does automatically.
SW: At which points are humans involved in the mortgage process at Sun West?
PA: We have humans helping in three steps of the process. The first is our Angelistas — the humans who get on the phone and call consumers. The second is when documents are scanned and the data is scrubbed off the documents, we have humans double check it, to make sure there’s no mistakes. And then a third human layer is when the AI is analyzing the rule or analyzing the request, and its confidence level isn’t high enough to issue a final answer, then it automatically loops in a human to make the decision.
And that’s really important, because remember, I put my money behind Angel Ai, so if we let loans go through with a low confidence level, then I’ve got a big problem on my hands — I’m going to have lots of loans on my balance sheet and that’s not good for business.
Increasing the confidence level speaks to the speed that we’ve been solving this and getting better at it. And as you get more and more answers, less and less human review is needed. There’s a lot of intermediate steps for any request I put in AI — it doesn’t just say one answer, it makes a series of decisions along the way to finally get to that answer.
If any one of those decisions has a low confidence score, then a human has to be involved. But just looking at the process we have in place today, we’ve really reduced the amount of human touchpoints.
SW: Most other companies talk about leveraging automation or AI to enhance the work of humans, but it sounds like you have a different goal.
PA: The goal is complete robotic manufacturing. That’s how every other product that you use is manufactured, from your cell phone to your automobile. It’s like the new Tesla with the Giga Press: it’s just press one button and the car squeezes out. And AI can deliver that.
We have hardly any people, and the people we do have are massively scalable. We have people reviewing documents to make sure that the OCR is correct. How much training did that take versus the training to have an experienced underwriter? So when I say this is disruptive, this is why. Because, let’s say, even if my headcount is the same as the headcount of another mortgage company — it isn’t just about headcount, it’s the skill level of the people.
As an example, these are not real numbers, but if a company had 10 DE underwriters, and I have one DE underwriter and nine administrative people double-checking data, which one do you think is more scalable, more resilient and more profitable?
When mortgage rates finally drop and the mortgage business turns around, what happens when you need 10 underwriters again? Remember, back in COVID companies were paying huge signing bonuses to underwriters and mortgage loan processors? With our AI, when the next mortgage wave comes, we’ve got the solution. We basically have a Giga Press for mortgages: You can stamp out as many loans as you want.
SW: How do people in the mortgage industry react when you talk about manufacturing loans like this?
AP: People do get upset. But the median age of homebuyers is like 30 and the median age of loan officers is like 55. And loan officers are getting older every year while homebuyers are staying the same or getting younger, so the gap is expanding. And these young whippersnappers, they want everything fast and reliable. They just don’t understand why everything else in life works one way but not real estate. And this is the real market I’m after: the loan officers and industry professionals who understand that.
SW: So do you think there’s going to be a day when there will be no more loan officers?
PA: No, I think there will be a day when there will be no more loan officers the way they are today, and that is already here. Our loan officers spend very little time, if at all, in the manufacturing process and they spend all their time sourcing business.
SW: How does that change who you hire for your loan officers?
PA: Well the challenge here is that the last 10 years in this business were amazing and you didn’t really have to source. And most loan officers that are here today came into this over the last 10 years, so they’re not used to sourcing. Sourcing used to be normal! Loan officers didn’t want to get involved in the manufacturing — they wanted to source because that’s how they made money. We were a sourcing industry. Back then the manufacturing was done by hand by a team who supported the loan officers, but now we can do it with AI.
SW: You have this mortgage company, Sun West Mortgage Company, and you also have this tech component, Angel Ai. Which way is the future for you: mortgage or tech?
PA: Fundamentally, I’m a tech guy. In life, you have things that you need to do and then things that you want to do. And I’ve been able to thread this needle so beautifully that I can do both. I need to run a mortgage company and I want to build amazing technology that can help everyone. And I’ve been able to leverage the mortgage company to do that. Because it’s the best testing ground and development R&D ground.
SW: You developed Angel Ai for Sun West but now you’ve made it available to your competitors. How does that work?
PA: I don’t have to win by someone else losing — there is plenty of business out there, even in a market like this.
There’s definitely an advantage that we [Sun West] have, because we understand the tech at a level that no one else does. But there’s also a disadvantage relative to other lenders because we have a tech culture, so this is not the place for everyone.
For example, there are some brokers we just can’t work with because they refuse to chat with the AI, they want to talk to a person all the time. Of course, we have senior VPs who have decision authority that are happy to talk to you, but we’re not going to be there to visit you at your office at a moment’s notice. We’re not staffed to wine and dine you, romancing you like other account executives are doing.
SW: 10 years from now when we look back at this moment, do you think this will be the inflection point for AI?
PA: Yes, I think the combination of market conditions and AI tech, and then this generation gap in the originators versus customers — those three are a perfect storm. They are a forest fire and today’s redwoods are gonna get slashed and burned and new seedlings are going to be the next forest. And you can already see it — I’m talking to lenders, brokers, originators who right now have this new generation mindset. They understand what 20-somethings want, and they don’t want to talk to their bankers on the phone, and yet we see brokers who don’t want to talk to AI, they can’t do business unless they talk to someone. Yet their customers, that they want to win over, don’t want to talk to them that way.
The growth rate of inflation has been falling for a year, but mortgage rates are still near multi-decade highs. Why? While it is true that mortgage rates traditionally fall alongside inflation, I believed 2023 was going to be about the labor market. This was the core premise of my 2023 forecast, and so far it has worked.
In my 2023 forecast, I set the range on the 10-year yield between 3.21%-4.25%, emphasizing that the bond yields can go lower than 3.21% only if the labor market breaks — which would require jobless claims to go over 323,000 on a four-week moving average. The labor market is not as tight as it used to be, but jobless claims are not breaking either. As shown below, 229,250 on the 4-week moving average is historically deficient.
From the Fed: In the week ended Sept. 2, initial claims for unemployment insurance benefits declined by 13,000 to 216,000, the lowest level since February. The four-week moving average declined by 8,500 to 229,250.
After today’s CPI inflation report, we can now look at a one-year data line set comparing the 10-year yield and the growth rate of inflation to see that we had lower mortgage rates with hotter inflation data. While the data below is headline inflation, not core inflation, we have made good progress from the 9% plus year-over-year inflation growth data we had last year.
What do we think about mortgage rates and inflation now? Let’s take a look, since one year ago today, I went on CNBC and talked about how the growth rate of rents cooling off would be a 2023 story, and it’s a good one for inflation.
Today’s CPI report was firmer than expected, but the core disinflation story remains intact and this is key for the Fed and what they will think about in the future.
From BLS: The Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) rose 0.6 percent in August on a seasonally adjusted basis after increasing 0.2 percent in July, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Over the last 12 months, the all-items index increased 3.7 percent before seasonal adjustment.
As shown below, headline inflation has increased over the past two months as oil prices have risen. However, core inflation is still in a downtrend. The Fed has always stressed that core inflation is key, so even though we made better progress with headline inflation, that doesn’t matter to them as much as core inflation.
A longer look at core inflation, where the Fed focuses its energy, shows a lot of progress from last year, but it’s still historically high compared to COVID-19 trends.
Also, the biggest component of core inflation is shelter inflation, which has legs to go lower for many more months. This data is much lower in real-time, so the core inflation data isn’t far from the 2% that the Fed targets. The Fed knows this, too.
Now, why is inflation data more important going out? The Fed has talked about rate cuts next year, even without a job loss recession, because they believe rates are currently very restrictive with the inflation growth rate. Now, as long as the inflation growth rate falls, they will cut rates a bit to ensure the U.S. doesn’t go into a recession where they will have to cut more than they like. So, for the first time in a while, the groundwork has been laid for a rate cut with the growth rate of inflation falling.
For 2023, the key data line I was tracking was jobless claims, even more than the inflation growth rate. Next year will be different. As I am writing this right now, the 10-year yield is at 4.25%, and we are at the peak of the forecast for 2023. Going into next year, we do have a lot of key economic data to track, but for the first time, we can see we can get rate cuts without a job loss recession.
This is why it’s important that the growth rate of inflation is falling, but it will influence the Fed and mortgage rates more in 2024 than 2023.
Florida-based financial services firm The Graystone Company has completed the acquisition of mortgage banker and broker Direct Capital Investment Group through a reverse merger transaction, the companies announced Monday. The financials of the deal were not disclosed.
Direct Capital, through its subsidiary Direct Mortgage, offers residential, commercial and SBA loans, per its website. The company has 98 loan officers and six branches, according to the National Multistate Licensing System (NMLS).
Direct Mortgage oversaw the funding of $119 million in 353 mortgage loans from January through August 2023, per Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) filings. And, in a shrinking mortgage market, it registered $1.8 million in revenue and delivered a $20,583 loss from January to May.
To compare, in 2022, the company’s total volume was $152 million through approximately 450 mortgage loans. Last year, the company reported $6.3 million in revenues but had a $1.7 million loss (unaudited), the SEC filings show.
The deal with The Graystone Company resulted in a change in control of Direct Capital Investment from Anastasia Shishova to James Anderson.
“Ms. Shishova will transfer 40,951,000 shares of the Class B Common Stock to the shareholders of Direct Capital Investment. Once the acquisition is complete, the shareholders of Direct Capital Investment will own approximately 80% of the voting power of the company and be the sole officers and directors of the Company.”
As part of the transaction, Shishova resigned as company CEO and sole director of Direct Capital. Anderson was appointed president and CEO. Seasoned mortgage professional Glen Gomez will also be a director.
“As a result of the DCIG/DMI acquisition, the Company will focus exclusively on operating and expanding the mortgage lending business and will cease all its existing business operations,” a Graystone’s SEC filings state.
The last time mortgage demand was this low, Toni Braxton’s “Un-break my heart” topped the Billboard charts.
For the week that ended Sept. 8, mortgage applications fell 0.8% from the prior week, according to data from the Mortgage Bankers Association. Mortgage applications decreased for the seventh time in eight weeks, down to the lowest levels since December 1996.
Last week, refinance applications recorded a 5% drop. It was the weakest reading for refinance applications since January 2023. Simultaneously, purchase applications increased over the week despite the increase in rates, buoyed by a 2% gain in conventional loans. The unadjusted purchase index decreased 11% compared with the previous week and was 27% lower than the same week one year ago.
“Given how high rates are right now, there continues to be minimal refinance activity and a reduced incentive for homeowners to sell and buy a new home at a higher rate,” said Joel Kan, MBA’s vice president and deputy chief economist.
The refinance share of mortgage activity decreased to 29.1% of total applications from 30% the previous week. Meanwhile, the adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM) share of activity increased to 7.5% of total applications from 6.7% last week.
The 30-year fixed mortgage rate increased to 7.27% last week, according to Kan. At HousingWire’s Mortgage Rates Center, Optimal Blue had 30-year fixed-rate mortgages at 7.17% on Sunday. At Mortgage News Daily, 30-year fixed-rate mortgage rates were at 7.30% on Monday.
The Federal Housing Administration loans’ share increased to 14.2% from 13.7% the week prior. The U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs loans’ share remained unchanged at 11.3%. Lastly, the U.S. Department of Agriculture loans’ share fell to 0.4% from 0.6% a week prior.
The average contract interest rate for 5/1 ARMs ticked up to 6.59% from 6.33% a week prior.
With mortgage rates above 7%, historically low levels of housing inventory, defaults in commercial real estate, and a series of potentially onerous regulations to come, Mortgage Bankers Association President and CEO Bob Broeksmit said the trade group is doing all its can to influence policymakers.
“MBA cannot control macroeconomic forces, but what we can do is make sure the actions of policymakers help our industry instead of hindering it at a crucial time,” Broeksmit said at the organization’s Compliance and Risk Management Conference this week in Washington, D.C.
Broeksmit highlighted the group’s work in helping a bill about remote online notarization get through the divided U.S. House of Representatives. The bill would create federal minimum standards to allow notaries to perform remote online notarization (RON) transactions. The MBA also supported Rep. John Rose (R-TN)’s effort to curb trigger leads, he said.
Broeksmit also touched on agency-focused policy work, citing the cancelation of a controversial Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) policy that would have imposed a controversial upfront fee on Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac borrowers with higher debt-to-income (DTI) ratios.
The trade group has its eyes on other challenges ahead, including a proposal by the Financial Stability Oversight Council (FSOC) at the U.S. Department of the Treasury that would label non-bank financial entities as systemically important financial institutions, which MBA opposes.
“This will be a major regulatory power grab over a part of the housing finance market that is already well-regulated by the states and other federal agencies,” Broeksmit said. “If FSOC is concerned about the core banking activities taking place outside the purview of prudential bank regulation, then it should reconsider the regulatory environment that has caused the exit of so many traditional depository institutions from the marketplace in the first place. If you regulate everyone out of the business, who is left to originate and service these loans?”
MBA is also looking ahead to a U.S. Supreme Court decision expected early next year that will decide the constitutionality of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), Broeksmit added.
“While the MBA has its disagreements with many of the Bureau’s regulatory actions, we have a strong position on the need for consistency and our opposition to chaos,” he said, noting the MBA has filed an amicus brief saying as much.
MBA is also keeping an eye on a developing case before the U.S. District Court for Maryland where the CFPB and the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) are aiming to make lenders liable for actions of third-party appraisers when those actions result in bias or discrimination during the valuation process, which MBA is also against.
“Lenders cannot be held vicariously liable on fair lending grounds for the actions or inputs of an independent third party such as an appraiser or [automated valuation model (AVM)] provider,” Broeksmit said. “AVMs hold great promise as an opportunity to alleviate appraiser shortages, minimize bias and reduce transaction costs. Clear rules of the road are necessary so we will stay engaged with federal policymakers on ways to reduce bias and improve accuracy for AVM users of all sizes and business models.”
Mortgage credit availability increased slightly in August but remained close to the very low levels last seen in January 2013, according a report from the Mortgage Bankers Association.
Overall, an increase in the number of loan programs offering cash-out refinances and mid-range credit scores drove the uptick, said Joel Kan, MBA’s vice president and deputy chief economist.
The trade group’s monthly Mortgage Credit Availability Index picked up by 0.3% to 96.6 in August. A decline of the index, benchmarked to 100 in March 2012, indicates that lending standards are tightening while an increase suggests loosening credit.
As lenders seek to reduce costs, by cutting down on staff and streamlining product offerings, industry capacity continues to decline, noted Kan.
Industry professionals also winded down on their product offerings. The conforming index dropped to its lowest level since 2011. However, the jumbo index, increased after three monthly declines, indicating that the current context provided lenders with some new opportunities, said Kan.
This news comes after a year in which the nation’s largest banks, spooked by surging rates and increased regulatory risks, have shied away from the jumbo mortgage market. HousingWire covered the jumbo downturn extensively in August.
Meanwhile, the Conventional MCAI, which does not include loans backed by the government, increased 0.6% and the Government MCAI, which examines FHA, VA, and USDA loan programs, was unchanged.
Of the two component indices of the conventional index, the Jumbo MCAI increased by 2.7%, while the Conforming MCAI fell by 2.7%.
The Mortgage Bankers Association (MBA) presented its annual Ken Markison Legacy Achievement award to Michael Eising, a vice president and mortgage compliance manager at Merchants Bank of Indiana. The recipient retrieved his award Monday at the MBA’s Compliance and Risk Management Conference.
The prize recognizes individuals who have distinguished themselves in pursuit of the Certified Mortgage Compliance Professional (CMCP) certificate and designation program.
Bob Broeksmit, the MBA’s president and CEO, highlighted Eising’s “unwavering commitment to ensuring compliance and regulatory excellence during his three-plus decades in the mortgage industry.”
Eising specializes in compliance and regulatory frameworks. He also championed educational content in the industry; he wrote for Mortgageeducation.com for almost seven years. He authored Nationwide Mortgage Licensing System (NMLS) licensing courses for more than a decade.
As vice president and mortgage compliance manager at Merchants Bank of Indiana, Eising leads regulatory projects, oversees business performance, and drives process improvements within the mortgage operations department. His overarching duty remains to steer the bank’s mortgage operations into full alignment with both federal and state legal mandates. His role brings him in close collaboration with internal and external auditors. His responsibilities extend across retail and correspondent originations, operations, and loan servicing divisions within the bank.
Previously, Eising served as a credit risk policy analyst at Freddie Mac, where he contributed to the development and implementation of credit risk policies and procedures.