Retirement at 65 has been a longstanding norm for U.S. workers, but older investors believe that not only is such an outcome unfeasible, but they’re likely to face more challenging retirements than their parents or grandparents.
This is according to recently released survey results from Nationwide, with a respondent pool that included 518 financial advisers and professionals, as well as 2,346 investors ages 18 and older with investable assets of $10,000 or more. The survey follows other ongoing research into the baby boomer generation as it approaches “Peak 65.”
The investors included a subset of 391 “pre-retirees“ between the ages of 55 and 65 who are not retired, along with subsets of 346 single women and 726 married women, Nationwide explained of its methodology.
Seven in 10 of the pre-retiree investors said that the norm of retirement at age 65 “doesn’t apply to them,” while 67% of this cohort also believe that their own retirement challenges will outweigh those of preceding generations.
Stress is changing the perceptions of retired life, especially for those who are closest to retirement, the results suggest.
“Four in 10 (41%) pre-retirees said they would continue working in retirement to supplement their income out of necessity, and more than a quarter (27%) plan to live frugally to fund their retirement goals,” the results explained. “What’s more, pre-retirees say their plans to retire have changed over the last 12 months, with 22% expecting to retire later than planned.”
Eric Henderson, president of Nationwide Annuity, said that previous generations who observed a “smooth transition” into retired life do not appear to be translating to the current generation making the same move.
“Today’s investors are having a tougher time picturing that for themselves as they grapple with inflation and concerns about running out of money in retirement,” Henderson said in a statement.
The result is that more pre-retirees are changing their spending habits and aiming to live more inexpensively. Forty-two percent of the surveyed pre-retiree cohort agreed with the idea that managing day-to-day expenses has grown more challenging due to rising costs of living, while 27% attributed inflation as the key reason they are saving less for retirement today.
Fifty-seven percent of respondents said that inflation “poses the most immediate challenge to their retirement portfolio over the next 12 months,” while 41% said they were avoiding unnecessary expenses like vacations and leisure shopping.
Confidence in the U.S. Social Security program has also fallen, the survey found.
“Lack of confidence in the viability of Social Security upon retirement (38%) is a significant factor influencing pre-retirees to rethink or redefine their retirement planning strategies,” the results explained. “Over two-fifths (43%) are not counting on Social Security benefits as much as previously expected, and more than a quarter (27%) expect to receive less in benefits than previously anticipated.”
The survey was conducted by The Harris Poll on behalf of Nationwide in January 2024.
The Powerball jackpot rolled over yet again on Wednesday night and now stands at an estimated $1.23 billion, with its next drawing Saturday, April 6.
Meanwhile, a ticket bought in New Jersey was the sole winner of a $1.13 billion Mega Millions jackpot on March 26. It was the eighth-largest jackpot of all time.
Powerball: $1.23 billion estimated jackpot, next drawing Saturday, April 6.
Mega Millions: $67 million estimated jackpot, next drawing Friday, April 5.
How do I play the lottery?
Powerball and Mega Millions tickets are sold for $2 apiece in 45 U.S. states, as well as Washington, D.C., and the U.S. Virgin Islands.
To play Mega Millions, pick five numbers between 1 and 70, and a sixth number between 1 and 25. If you don’t want to pick the numbers yourself, you can get a set of numbers generated for you.
To play Powerball, pick five numbers between 1 and 69 and a Powerball number from 1 to 26 (or have them randomly generated).
If you plan to take part in an office lottery pool, consider taking these precautions.
How much is the Mega Millions jackpot?
The current jackpot is estimated at $67 million.
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Winners can opt to take their winnings in the form of an annuity or as a single lump sum, known as the cash option. The cash option for the current jackpot is estimated at $31 million.
By taking the annuity option, the winner would get the full jackpot advertised by Mega Millions, but it would be spread out in payments over 30 years.
No matter how lucky you are, you won’t get around paying taxes on a lottery jackpot. After mandatory federal income tax withholding, you’d have about $19.5 million if you took the cash option. How much more you’d pay come tax time can depend on where you bought the ticket — and where you live, if that’s another state. To prepare, make sure you know the ins and outs of how the lottery works.
When is the next Mega Millions drawing?
The winning numbers will be drawn Friday, April 5 at 11 p.m. Eastern Time.
If there’s still no jackpot winner, the grand prize will continue to grow.
The odds of winning the jackpot are roughly 1 in 303 million.
How much is the next Powerball jackpot?
The current jackpot is estimated at $1.23 billion.
Like Mega Millions, winners of Powerball can choose between an annuity that pays out over 30 years or a single lump sum. The cash option for the current jackpot is $595.1 million. After mandatory federal taxes, the holder of a single winning ticket would keep about $374.9 million, minus any state taxes.
When is the next Powerball drawing?
The winning numbers will be drawn Saturday, April 6 at 11 p.m. Eastern Time.
If there’s still no jackpot winner, the grand prize will continue to grow.
The odds of winning the jackpot are roughly 1 in 292 million.
The jackpot isn’t the only way to win. Both games have prizes for ticket holders whose chosen numbers match the drawing in a variety of combinations.
10 largest lottery jackpots
$2.04 billion (Powerball, Nov. 8, 2022 — one winning ticket).
$1.765 billion (Powerball, Oct. 11, 2023 — one winning ticket).
$1.586 billion (Powerball, Jan. 13, 2016 — three winning tickets).
$1.58 billion (Mega Millions, Aug. 8, 2023 — one winning ticket).
Americans Believe They Will Need $1.46 Million to Retire Comfortably According to Northwestern Mutual 2024 Planning & Progress Study People’s ‘magic number’ for retirement rises faster than inflation, jumping 15% in just a year and a whopping 53% since 2020; while retirement savings falls to $88K The ‘Silver Tsunami’ is here: 11,000 Americans will turn 65 … [Read more…]
After drawings this weekend for both lottery games failed to produce a winning ticket, Mega Millions and Powerball continued their steady marches into mend-bendingly large jackpot numbers.
On Saturday night, the Powerball jackpot rolled over yet again and now stands at an estimated $800 million, with its next drawing Monday, March 25
Likewise, the Mega Millions drawing on Friday night failed to produce a winner and the jackpot swelled beyond the billion-dollar barrier. Only five previous Mega Millions jackpots have hit that mark.
Mega Millions: $1.1 billion estimated jackpot, next drawing Tuesday, March 26.
Powerball: $800 million estimated jackpot, next drawing Monday, March 25.
This year now has its first billion-dollar-plus jackpot, a mark that has become more common in recent years. Powerball had a $1.765 billion jackpot (won by a single ticket) as recently as October 2023.
Powerball and Mega Millions tickets are sold for $2 apiece in 45 U.S. states, as well as Washington, D.C., and the U.S. Virgin Islands.
To play Mega Millions, pick five numbers between 1 and 70, and a sixth number between 1 and 25. If you don’t want to pick the numbers yourself, you can get a set of numbers generated for you.
To play Powerball, pick five numbers between 1 and 69 and a Powerball number from 1 to 26 (or have them randomly generated).
How much is the Mega Millions jackpot?
The current jackpot is estimated at $1.1 billion.
Winners can opt to take their winnings in the form of an annuity or as a single lump sum, known as the cash option. The cash option for the current jackpot is estimated at $525.8 million.
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By taking the annuity option, the winner would get the full jackpot advertised by Mega Millions, but it would be spread out in payments over 30 years.
No matter how lucky you are, you won’t get around paying taxes on a lottery jackpot. After mandatory federal income tax withholding, you’d have just shy of $400 million if you took the cash option. How much more you’d pay come tax time can depend on where you bought the ticket — and where you live, if that’s another state. To prepare, make sure you know the ins and outs of how the lottery works.
When is the next Mega Millions drawing?
The winning numbers will be drawn Tuesday, March 26 at 11 p.m. Eastern Time.
If there’s still no jackpot winner, the grand prize will continue to grow.
The odds of winning the jackpot are roughly 1 in 303 million.
How much is the next Powerball jackpot?
The current jackpot is estimated at $800 million.
Like Mega Millions, winners of Powerball can choose between an annuity that pays out over 30 years or a single lump sum. The cash option for the current jackpot is $384.8 million. After mandatory federal taxes, the holder of a single winning ticket would keep about $292.5 million, minus any state taxes.
When is the next Powerball drawing?
The winning numbers will be drawn Monday, March 25 at 11 p.m. Eastern Time.
If there’s still no jackpot winner, the grand prize will continue to grow.
The odds of winning the jackpot are roughly 1 in 292 million.
The jackpot isn’t the only way to win. Both games have prizes for ticket holders whose chosen numbers match the drawing in a variety of combinations.
10 largest lottery jackpots
$2.04 billion (Powerball, Nov. 8, 2022 — one winning ticket).
$1.765 billion (Powerball, Oct. 11, 2023 — one winning ticket).
$1.586 billion (Powerball, Jan. 13, 2016 — three winning tickets).
$1.58 billion (Mega Millions, Aug. 8, 2023 — one winning ticket).
The Powerball jackpot went unclaimed in Wednesday’s drawing, and the estimated jackpot swelled to an estimated $600 million ahead of the next drawing on Saturday, March 16.
Meanwhile, the Mega Millions jackpot is also riding high at an estimated $792 million, putting it in the top 10 of biggest lottery jackpots ever. The next drawing is Friday, March 15.
If either or both continue to elude a winner in upcoming draws, 2024 could see its first billion-dollar-plus jackpot, a mark that has become more common in recent years. Powerball had a $1.765 billion jackpot (won by a single ticket) as recently as October 2023.
Powerball and Mega Millions tickets are sold for $2 apiece in 45 U.S. states, as well as Washington, D.C., and the U.S. Virgin Islands.
To play Mega Millions, pick five numbers between 1 and 70, and a sixth number between 1 and 25. If you don’t want to pick the numbers yourself, you can get a set of numbers generated for you.
To play Powerball, pick five numbers between 1 and 69 and a Powerball number from 1 to 26 (or have them randomly generated).
How much is the Mega Millions jackpot?
The current jackpot is estimated at $792 million. Winners can opt to take their winnings in the form of an annuity or as a single lump sum, known as the cash option. The cash option for the current jackpot is estimated at $381.8 million.
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By taking the annuity option, the winner would get the full jackpot advertised by Mega Millions, but it would be spread out in payments over 30 years.
No matter how lucky you are, you won’t get around paying taxes on a lottery jackpot. After mandatory federal income tax withholding, you’d get roughly $290.2 million, if you took the cash option. How much more you’d pay come tax time depends on whether you take where you bought the ticket — and where you live. To prepare, make sure you know the ins and outs of how the lottery works.
When is the next Mega Millions drawing?
The winning numbers will be drawn Friday, March 15 at 11 p.m. Eastern Time.
If there’s still no jackpot winner, the grand prize will continue to grow.
The odds of winning the jackpot are roughly 1 in 303 million.
How much is the next Powerball jackpot?
The current jackpot is estimated at $600 million.
Like Mega Millions, winners of Powerball can choose between an annuity that pays out over 30 years or a single lump sum. The cash option for the current jackpot is $293.4 million. After mandatory federal taxes, the holder of a single winning ticket would keep about $223 million, minus any state taxes.
When is the next Powerball drawing?
The winning numbers will be drawn Saturday, March 16 at 11 p.m. Eastern Time.
If there’s still no jackpot winner, the grand prize will continue to grow.
The odds of winning the jackpot are roughly 1 in 292 million.
The jackpot isn’t the only way to win. Both games have prizes for ticket holders whose chosen numbers match the drawing in a variety of combinations.
10 largest lottery jackpots
$2.04 billion (Powerball, Nov. 8, 2022 — one winning ticket).
$1.765 billion (Powerball, Oct. 11, 2023 — one winning ticket).
$1.586 billion (Powerball, Jan. 13, 2016 — three winning tickets).
$1.58 billion (Mega Millions, Aug. 8, 2023 — one winning ticket).
Mega Millions has been getting the headlines lately, with a jackpot currently estimated at $735 million, but the jackpot for the other big national lottery game — Powerball — has also crossed the half-billion-dollar mark, with the next drawing set for tonight.
Powerball and Mega Millions tickets are sold for $2 apiece in 45 U.S. states, as well as Washington, D.C., and the U.S. Virgin Islands.
To play Mega Millions, pick five numbers between 1 and 70, and a sixth number between 1 and 25. If you don’t want to pick the numbers yourself, you can get a set of numbers generated for you.
To play Powerball, pick five numbers between 1 and 69 and a Powerball number from 1 to 26 (or have them randomly generated).
How much is the Mega Millions jackpot?
The current jackpot is estimated at $735 million. Winners can opt to take their winnings in the form of an annuity or as a single lump sum, known as the cash option. The cash option for the current jackpot is estimated at $356.7 million.
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By taking the annuity option, the winner would get the full jackpot advertised by Mega Millions, but it would be spread out in payments over 30 years.
No matter how lucky you are, you won’t get around paying taxes on a lottery jackpot. After mandatory federal income tax withholding, you’d get roughly $271.1 million, if you took the cash option. How much more you’d pay come tax time depends on whether you take where you bought the ticket — and where you live. To prepare, make sure you know the ins and outs of how the lottery works.
When is the next Mega Millions drawing?
The winning numbers will be drawn Tuesday, March 12 at 11 p.m. Eastern Time.
If there’s still no jackpot winner, the grand prize will continue to grow.
The odds of winning the jackpot are roughly 1 in 303 million.
How much is the next Powerball jackpot?
The current jackpot is estimated at $532 million.
Like Mega Millions, winners of Powerball can choose between an annuity that pays out over 30 years or a single lump sum. The cash option for the current jackpot is $260.1 million. After mandatory federal taxes, the holder of a single winning would keep about $197.7 million, minus any state taxes.
When is the next Powerball drawing?
The winning numbers will be drawn Monday, March 11 at 11 p.m. Eastern Time.
If there’s still no jackpot winner, the grand prize will continue to grow.
The odds of winning the jackpot are roughly 1 in 292 million.
The jackpot isn’t the only way to win. Both games have prizes for ticket holders whose chosen numbers match the drawing in a variety of combinations.
10 largest lottery jackpots
$2.04 billion (Powerball, Nov. 8, 2022 — one winning ticket).
$1.765 billion (Powerball, Oct. 11, 2023 — one ticket).
$1.586 billion (Powerball, Jan. 13, 2016 — three tickets).
$1.58 billion (Mega Millions, Aug. 8, 2023 — one ticket).
$1.537 billion (Mega Millions, Oct. 23, 2018 — one ticket).
$1.348 billion (Mega Millions, Jan. 13, 2023 — one ticket).
$1.337 billion (Mega Millions, July 29, 2022 — one ticket).
$1.08 billion (Powerball, July 19, 2023 — one ticket).
$1.05 billion (Mega Millions, Jan. 22, 2021 — one ticket).
$768.4 million (Powerball, March 27, 2019 — one ticket).
Lottery players get another chance at a growing Mega Millions jackpot tonight. With no winners since Dec. 8, 2023, the national game’s grand prize has swelled to an estimated $687 million. That’s the sixth-largest Mega Millions jackpot in the game’s history.
You can buy Mega Millions tickets for $2 apiece in 45 U.S. states, as well as Washington, D.C., and the U.S. Virgin Islands. To play, pick five numbers between 1 and 70, and a sixth number between 1 and 25. If you don’t want to pick the numbers yourself, you can get a set of numbers generated for you.
How much is the Mega Millions jackpot?
The jackpot is estimated at $687 million.
Winners can opt to take their winnings in the form of an annuity or as a single lump sum, known as the cash option. The cash option for today’s jackpot is estimated at $332.3 million.
By taking the annuity option, the winner would get the full jackpot advertised by Mega Millions, but it would be spread out in payments over 30 years.
No matter how lucky you are, you won’t get around paying taxes on a lottery jackpot. After mandatory federal income tax withholding, you’d get roughly $252.5 million if you took the cash option. How much more you’d pay come tax time depends on where you bought the ticket — and where you live. To prepare, make sure you know the ins and outs of how the lottery works.
When is the next Mega Millions drawing?
The winning numbers will be drawn Friday, March 8, at 11 p.m. Eastern Time.
If there’s still no jackpot winner, the grand prize will continue to grow.
The odds of winning the jackpot are roughly 1 in 303 million.
The jackpot isn’t the only way to win. Mega Millions has prizes for ticket holders whose chosen numbers match the drawing in a variety of combinations. In the drawing on March 5, two tickets — one sold in California and the other in Michigan — matched five white balls, winning prizes of $1 million each.
10 largest Mega Millions jackpots
The current Mega Millions jackpot would be the sixth-largest in the game’s history. Here are the 10 largest Mega Millions jackpots:
$1.58 billion (Aug. 8, 2023 — one winning ticket).
$1.537 billion (Oct. 23, 2018 — one winning ticket).
$1.348 billion (Jan. 13, 2023 — one winning ticket).
$1.337 billion (July 29, 2022 — one winning ticket).
$1.05 billion (Jan. 22, 2021 — one winning ticket).
$687 million (pending).
$656 million (March 30, 2012 — three winning tickets).
$648 million (Dec. 17, 2013 — two winning tickets).
$543 million (July 4, 2018 — one winning ticket).
$536 million (July 8, 2016 — one winning ticket).
Photo by Justin Sullivan / Getty News via Getty Images.
If you find yourself in a bad financial situation, making an early withdrawal from your 401(k) may sound tempting. But early withdrawals from your 401(k) come with hefty fines and can put your retirement at risk. So, before you do this, you should be sure that it’s truly a financial necessity.
That being said, there are situations when it makes sense, and occasionally, you can find ways to get the fees waived. This article will review everything you need to know before making an early 401(k) withdrawal.
Early 401(k) Withdrawal Options
Wondering if you can tap into your 401(k) funds ahead of schedule? The ability to make an early withdrawal from your 401(k) hinges on several factors, including your employer’s policies, the specifics of your plan, and your current employment status. Here’s a straightforward guide to understanding your options.
Checking With Your Employer
Your first step should be to get in touch with your human resources department. Not every employer permits early withdrawals from their 401(k) plans, and those that do may have specific criteria and procedures you’ll need to follow. The ease of starting this process and the options available to you will depend on various factors, such as your age and the specific rules of your plan.
For Former Employees
If you’re no longer employed with the company that holds your original 401(k), reaching out to the plan’s administrator is your next move. The administrator can provide you with the necessary steps and documentation required to initiate an early withdrawal. They’ll guide you through the process, ensuring you understand any implications or penalties associated with accessing your funds prematurely.
For Current Employees
Still working for the company where you’ve built your 401(k)? There might be restrictions on your ability to make early withdrawals. But don’t lose hope; you might have the option to borrow against your 401(k) instead.
Taking a 401(k) loan can be a viable alternative, offering a way to access your funds without the penalties associated with early withdrawals. We’ll delve into the specifics of 401(k) loans and how they work later on, providing you with all the information you need to make an informed decision.
401(k) Early Withdrawal Penalties
When it comes to pulling money from your 401(k) before reaching the age of 59 ½, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) doesn’t give you a free pass. Let’s break down what this really means for your wallet. You’re not just facing a flat fee; it’s a combination of penalties and taxes that can significantly reduce the amount you end up with.
The 10% Penalty Explained
If you dip into your 401(k) early, the IRS imposes a 10% penalty on the amount you withdraw. This is their way of discouraging people from using their retirement savings prematurely. For example, if you withdraw $10,000, you owe $1,000 right off the bat to the IRS as a penalty.
Tackling the Tax Implications
But the financial impact doesn’t stop there. Since 401(k) contributions are made pre-tax, when you take money out, it’s considered taxable income. This means the amount you withdraw will be added to your total income for the year, potentially pushing you into a higher tax bracket.
To illustrate, let’s say you’re in the 22% tax bracket. On a $10,000 withdrawal, you’ll owe $2,200 in income taxes, in addition to the $1,000 penalty. So, from your $10,000, you’re down $3,200, leaving you with $6,800.
Real-World Example for Clarity
Imagine John, who decides to withdraw $10,000 from his 401(k) to cover an unexpected expense. John is in the 22% tax bracket. Here’s how his withdrawal breaks down:
10% early withdrawal penalty: $1,000
Income tax (22%): $2,200
Total deductions: $3,200
Amount John receives: $6,800
This example highlights the importance of considering the combined effect of penalties and taxes on early 401(k) withdrawals. It’s not just about the immediate need for cash but understanding the long-term impact on your retirement savings.
Tax Planning Strategies for Early 401(k) Withdrawals
Making an early withdrawal from your 401(k) can have significant tax implications. However, with careful planning, you can manage these impacts more effectively. Here are strategies to consider:
Spread Out Withdrawals
If possible, spreading out your withdrawals over several years can help manage your tax bracket. Large withdrawals can push you into a higher tax bracket, increasing your overall tax liability. By taking smaller amounts over time, you may stay within a lower tax bracket, reducing the amount of taxes owed.
State Tax Considerations
Remember that state taxes can also apply to 401(k) withdrawals. Tax rates and regulations vary by state, so it’s essential to understand the rules in your state and plan accordingly. Some states offer tax breaks or exemptions for retirement income, which could influence your withdrawal strategy.
Reinvesting Withdrawn Funds
If you must make an early withdrawal but don’t need the funds immediately for expenses, consider reinvesting them in a tax-advantaged account. This could be a Roth IRA, where withdrawals in retirement are tax-free, or a health savings account (HSA), if eligible. These moves can help mitigate the tax impact and potentially grow your investment tax-free.
Implementing these tax planning strategies can help you navigate the complexities of early 401(k) withdrawals, minimizing the tax bite and keeping your retirement goals on track. Consulting with a tax professional or financial advisor can provide personalized advice based on your individual situation and financial goals.
Hardship Withdrawal Eligibility and Requirements
When life throws you a financial curveball, tapping into your 401(k) through a hardship withdrawal might seem like a viable option. This choice allows you to access your retirement funds early without the standard 10% penalty, under specific conditions. Let’s explore what qualifies as a hardship withdrawal, the documentation you’ll need, and how to prove your need effectively.
Qualifying Conditions for Hardship Withdrawals
Hardship withdrawals are not given out for just any reason. The IRS defines specific scenarios where these withdrawals are permitted. These include:
Unreimbursed medical expenses: Significant out-of-pocket medical costs for you, your spouse, or dependents.
Home purchase: Down payment and closing costs for buying your primary residence.
Tuition and education fees: Tuition, related educational fees, and room and board expenses for the next 12 months of postsecondary education for you, your spouse, children, or dependents.
Prevention of eviction or foreclosure: Amounts necessary to prevent eviction from or foreclosure on your primary residence.
Funeral expenses: Costs related to the death of a family member.
Repair of damage to primary residence: Costs for repairs to your home that would qualify for the casualty deduction under IRS rules.
Documentation Requirements
To successfully apply for a hardship withdrawal, you’ll need to provide substantial proof that your situation matches one of the qualifying conditions. This might include:
Unreimbursed medical expenses: Bills and statements from healthcare providers, showing the costs not covered by insurance.
Home purchase: Mortgage documents or contracts that highlight the purchase of a primary residence.
Tuition and education fees: Invoices from the educational institution for tuition, along with documentation for related expenses.
Prevention of eviction or foreclosure: Notice of eviction or foreclosure proceedings against your primary residence.
Funeral expenses: Funeral home invoices or other documentation of related expenses.
Repair of damage to primary residence: Estimates or receipts for repairs necessary due to damage that qualifies for a casualty deduction.
The Process of Proving Hardship
Proving hardship is more than just submitting documents. You’ll need to:
Contact your plan administrator: Start by reaching out to your plan’s administrator. They can guide you through the specific requirements and process for your plan.
Gather your documentation: Collect all relevant documents that substantiate your claim. This may require obtaining records from various sources, so it’s wise to start this step as soon as possible.
Complete the application: Fill out the necessary application forms provided by your plan. Ensure all information is accurate and attach your supporting documentation.
Await approval: After submitting your application, there will be a review process. During this time, your plan administrator may request additional information or clarification.
While a hardship withdrawal can offer a lifeline during financial distress, it’s crucial to approach this option with a full understanding of the qualifications and process. Remember, these withdrawals can impact your retirement savings, so consider all alternatives before proceeding.
Should you consider a 401(k) loan instead?
Considering a 401(k) loan instead of an early withdrawal might be a strategic move under certain circumstances. Below, we will clarify the nuances of 401(k) loans, including repayment conditions, interest rates, and when it’s advantageous to choose this option over withdrawing funds directly.
The Basics of 401(k) Loans
A 401(k) loan allows you to borrow against the savings in your retirement accounts without incurring the penalties and taxes associated with an early withdrawal. It’s a feature many plans offer, providing a way to access your funds for immediate needs while still keeping your retirement goals on track.
Repayment Terms
Repayment terms for 401(k) loans vary by plan, but typically, you’re expected to repay the loan within five years. Payments are usually set up on a monthly basis and are deducted directly from your paycheck, making the repayment process straightforward and manageable.
Interest Rates
The interest rate on a 401(k) loan is often comparable to or slightly higher than current market rates, but significantly lower than the rates associated with credit card debt or personal loans. The interest you pay goes back into your 401(k) account, essentially paying yourself back with interest, which can make this option particularly appealing.
When to Consider a 401(k) Loan
Choosing a 401(k) loan over a direct withdrawal or other financial avenues can be wise in several scenarios:
Avoiding penalties and taxes: If you need access to funds but want to avoid the penalties and taxes associated with an early 401(k) withdrawal.
Debt consolidation: When looking to consolidate high-interest debt under a lower interest rate, thus saving money in the long term.
Major expenses: For significant expenses, such as home repairs or medical bills, where using a 401(k) loan can provide a financially responsible solution.
Before opting for a 401(k) loan, consider the impact on your retirement savings. While you’re repaying the loan, the borrowed amount is not invested, potentially missing out on market gains. Additionally, if you leave your job, the loan may become due in full much sooner than the original five-year term.
Substantially Equal Periodic Payments (SEPP): A Closer Look
When considering accessing your 401(k) or IRA funds before the typical retirement age without facing penalties, the Substantially Equal Periodic Payments (SEPP) program can be a lifeline. This strategy requires a commitment to taking consistent withdrawals for a significant period. Let’s dive deeper into how SEPP works, how to calculate your payments, and when this approach might be particularly beneficial or risky.
How to Calculate SEPP Payments
Calculating your SEPP involves choosing from one of three IRS-approved methods: the Required Minimum Distribution (RMD) method, the Fixed Amortization method, and the Fixed Annuitization method. Each method uses your current account balance and life expectancy factors to determine annual withdrawal amounts, but they vary in flexibility and payment amounts.
RMD method: This method recalculates your payment each year based on the current account balance and your life expectancy.
Fixed amortization method: This calculates a fixed annual payment based on your life expectancy and account balance at the start of the SEPP plan.
Fixed annuitization method: This uses an annuity factor to determine annual payments, resulting in fixed payments for the duration of the SEPP period.
Scenarios Where SEPP Might Be Advantageous
SEPP plans can be particularly useful in several situations:
Early retirement: If you plan to retire early and need a steady income stream, SEPP allows you to access your retirement funds without the 10% early withdrawal penalty.
Bridge income gap: For those who need to bridge an income gap until other retirement benefits kick in, such as Social Security or pensions.
Financial emergencies: In cases where there are substantial financial needs before reaching 59 ½, SEPP provides a structured way to access funds.
Potential Pitfalls and Considerations
While SEPP offers a way to access retirement funds early, there are important considerations to keep in mind:
Commitment: Once you start SEPP, you must continue the withdrawals for at least five years or until you reach age 59 ½, whichever is longer. Deviating from the schedule can result in retroactive penalties.
Market risk: Your account is still subject to market fluctuations, which can impact your balance and, potentially, your withdrawal amounts if you’re using the RMD method.
Locking in losses: If you withdraw money during market downturns, it can lock in losses, potentially jeopardizing the longevity of your retirement funds.
SEPP can be a strategic tool for managing retirement funds before reaching the traditional retirement age. However, it’s crucial to carefully assess your financial situation, consider the long-term implications of starting SEPP, and consult with a financial advisor to ensure this strategy aligns with your overall retirement planning goals.
Alternatives to Early 401(k) Withdrawals
Accessing your 401(k) early can come with significant financial repercussions, including penalties and taxes that diminish your retirement savings. Fortunately, there are several other strategies you can consider to meet your financial needs without tapping into your retirement funds prematurely. Let’s delve into some of these alternatives and how they might serve as viable solutions.
Borrow from Family or Friends
One of the most straightforward alternatives is to seek a loan from family or friends. This option can offer more flexible repayment terms and potentially lower (or no) interest rates. However, it’s essential to approach this solution with clear communication and, ideally, a formal agreement to avoid any misunderstandings or strain on your relationships.
Sell Personal Assets
Another strategy is to evaluate your personal assets for items that you can sell. This could range from high-value items like a second car or recreational vehicles to smaller, valuable assets such as electronics or collectibles. Selling assets can provide a quick influx of cash without the need to worry about interest rates or penalties.
Explore Government and Non-Profit Assistance
For those facing financial hardship, various government and non-profit programs offer financial assistance. These programs can provide support for a range of needs, including housing, utilities, food, and medical expenses. Researching and applying to these programs can offer a way to bridge your financial gap without compromising your retirement savings.
Consider Home Equity Loans and HELOCs
If you have equity in your home, tapping into it through a home equity loan or a home equity line of credit (HELOC) might be a strategic alternative to early 401(k) withdrawals. Both options can offer more favorable interest rates than a personal loan or credit cards, but with distinct differences in how you access and repay the funds.
Home Equity Loans
Home equity loans provide a lump sum at a fixed interest rate, making it an excellent choice for one-time, significant expenses. The predictable repayment schedule helps with budgeting but requires you to take out a precise amount from the start.
HELOCs
HELOCs, in contrast, offer a flexible credit line, similar to a credit card, but with lower interest rates. This option allows you to borrow as needed over a draw period, usually with variable interest rates. The flexibility is ideal for ongoing expenses, but it’s vital to manage this responsibly due to the fluctuating payments.
Personal Loans and Credit Options
Personal loans from banks or credit unions, as well as low-interest or 0% APR credit card offers, can also provide temporary relief. These options may come with higher interest rates than a HELOC but don’t require collateral. When choosing this route, it’s vital to compare offers and understand the terms to ensure they align with your financial recovery plan.
Conclusion
When faced with financial needs, deciding whether to access your 401(k) early is a significant choice. It’s crucial to weigh the immediate benefits against the long-term impact on your retirement savings. As we’ve explored, alternatives like borrowing from family or friends, selling personal assets, or tapping into home equity through loans or HELOCs can provide the necessary funds without the drawbacks of early withdrawal penalties and taxes.
For those considering a 401(k) loan or Substantially Equal Periodic Payments (SEPP), these options offer ways to access your funds while minimizing the negative effects on your retirement account. However, each choice comes with its own set of considerations and potential impacts on your financial future.
Ultimately, the decision should align with your overall financial strategy and long-term goals. Consulting with a financial advisor can provide personalized advice, helping you to make an informed choice that balances your immediate needs with your retirement aspirations. Remember, the goal is to ensure financial stability now without compromising your future well-being.
Strong yields seen amid elevated interest rates Torsten Slok, chief economist at Apollo Global Management, emphasized the pivotal role of retail and pensions seeking higher yields and noted annuity sales are driven by more Baby Boomers retiring amid elevated interest rates. According to Deutsche Bank AG strategist Ed Reardon, funds raised through annuities typically gravitate … [Read more…]
Sales of annuities, a financial product that can provide a lifetime income stream in retirement, are smashing records as Americans look to lock in high interest rates.
Sales of one type of annuity in particular, fixed-rate deferred annuities, have more than tripled in the last two years, rising to $164.9 billion in 2023 up from just over $50 billion in both 2020 and 2021, according to trade association LIMRA.
With annuities, you pay a lump sum to an insurance company to receive monthly payments for life that begin on an agreed upon date, which Americans commonly align with their retirement. Annuities with deferment periods are popular for people in their 50s or 60s who want a product that will grow tax-deferred before they convert it to a steady income stream.
Fixed-rate deferred annuities are the “most basic product” out of the many different types of annuities because they grow at a guaranteed annual rate, says Chris Blunt, CEO of F&G, an annuity provider that is a subsidiary of Fidelity. His company has seen 46% growth in the space in the past year, thanks in part to more attractive rates.
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In 2022, rates were in the arena of 2.5%, Blunt says. But last year, they soared and now sit around 4% to 5%.
Fixed-rate deferred annuities are behaving similarly to certificates of deposit (CDs), which also provide guaranteed returns at rates that typically move in tandem with the Federal Reserve’s rate decisions.
With inflation cooling and the Fed possibly gearing up for rate cuts in 2024, people are seizing on what could be the last chance to get a rate in the ballpark of 5%.
Unlike CDs, however, annuities are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. (FDIC), and there are typically higher fees as well as a 10% early withdrawal penalty for distributions before age 59 ½. These are clear tradeoffs, but in exchange, you can usually get a better rate with an annuity than a CD.
Annuity sales broke records in 2023
Bryan Hodgens, head of research at LIMRA, says the first jump in annuity sales occurred in late 2022 and early 2023 as interest rates were rising amid high inflation.
“When you had these pretty dramatic increases in interest rates, consumers could now get much higher rates on these fixed annuities,” he says.
Rates have increased in large part because annuity companies invest your dollars in bonds and other securities, which are generating higher returns. Annuity companies were faster to react to the changes in market conditions and adjust their rates compared to banks offering similar products, according to Eric Henderson, president of Nationwide Annuity.
“As the Fed raised rates, banks tended to be slow to raise their CD rates where the insurance industry, the annuity industry moved more quickly, so I think that’s what really caused the surge at first,” Henderson says.
He adds that this was around the time when recession fears were peaking, which meant there was high demand for safe places to stash money that offered returns without the risk of the stock market. Of course, a recession hasn’t materialized and “you would have been better off actually investing in the market, but you didn’t know that at the time,” Henderson says.
Hodgens says the fourth quarter of 2023 marked a second big spike in annuity sales. Sales have boomed again more recently because the Fed is indicating that rate cuts are on the horizon, which is spurring people to buy while current annuity rates are still available.
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Higher rates create opportunities for retirement savers
It’s not just fixed-rate deferred annuities that are hot, Hodgens says, noting that fixed indexed annuities and registered index-linked annuities (RILAs) are also selling at record levels. Like fixed-rate deferred annuities, these products are common tools for retirement planning and they’re more attractive in a high-interest rate environment.
With fixed indexed annuities, you don’t have a constant rate of return like with the fixed-rate variety. Instead, they’re tied to indexes like the S&P 500, but your principal investment is guaranteed, meaning you can’t lose any money. In exchange, the upside — or how much you can earn — is capped.
RILAs are almost exactly the same except instead of not being able to lose money, the insurance company commits to absorbing the first 5% or 10% of loss in the event the index declines in a year, Butler says. There’s still a cap on the upside, but it’s not as large.
Annuities aren’t the right retirement planning tool for everyone: Some have high fees, and alternative retirement savings options may offer greater flexibility or the potential for higher returns. But they can be appealing to people who want a lifetime income stream. One strategy is to combine annuities with Social Security so you can ensure a level of comfort — or at least income — in retirement.
While there’s been plenty of talk around the pain for consumers that comes with high interest rates, annuities are a good example of how there’s also been the emergence of some unique opportunities in fixed income to set yourself up for the future, Hodgens says.
“Most Americans loved their pension plan, it’s just most of us don’t have a pension plan anymore,” Blunt says. Annuities, though, can provide a similar peace of mind that you won’t outlive your savings.
“That can be game-changing in an overall financial plan,” he says. “It gives people more courage to be a little more aggressive on the rest of their savings.”
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