When it comes to borrowing money, building up your emergency fund, and performing financial transactions, you have more options than ever before. You can open an account with a traditional bank, set up an online bank account, or choose a neighborhood credit union. Best of all, you can have accounts with multiple institutions, maximizing convenience.
As you’re reviewing your options, you may see some claims that credit unions are better than banks. There’s no one-size-fits-all financial institution that works for every consumer on the planet, but there are some reasons you might want to choose a credit union over a brick-and-mortar or online bank.
Why is a credit union better than a bank for some people? Get the answer to this question, plus an overview of how credit unions work.
What Is a Credit Union?
A credit union is a nonprofit organization that provides a variety of financial services. Like banks, credit unions are heavily regulated financial institutions. They typically offer the following products and services:
Checking accounts. A checking account is a type of deposit account. Once you deposit money, you can spend it by writing checks, using your debit card, or making online transfers.
Savings accounts. Savings accounts make it easier to put away money for a rainy day. If you have an active account, you can deposit money and earn interest on it.
Certificates of deposit. A certificate of deposit, commonly known as a CD, is a special type of savings account. When you open a CD, you agree to keep your money in it for a certain period of time. In exchange, the bank pays a higher interest rate than you can get with a standard savings account.
Retirement accounts. Many credit unions offer IRAs and other retirement accounts, making it easier to save for the future.
Auto loans. If you don’t have enough cash on hand to buy a car, you can take out an auto loan from your credit union. An auto loan is a type of installment loan, which means you borrow the money and pay it back in equal monthly installments. The lender earns money by charging interest on the loan.
Mortgages. Most people don’t have hundreds of thousands of dollars in cash to buy a home. If you belong to a credit union, you may be able to take out a home loan. Some loans have fixed interest rates, while others have adjustable rates, giving you more flexibility.
Personal loans. If you need a loan to consolidate your debts, do expensive home repairs, pay for a wedding, or cover other major expenses, you may be able to take out a personal loan from a credit union. With a personal loan, you borrow a certain amount of money and pay it back in monthly installments.
Credit cards. Many credit unions also offer credit cards, which give you access to revolving credit. You use each card to make purchases and then pay back what you borrowed over time. If you don’t pay your full balance each month, you must make a minimum payment to keep your account in good standing.
Banks vs. Credit Unions: Major Differences
One of the biggest differences between banks and credit unions is that credit unions are nonprofit organizations owned by their members. In contrast, a bank is a for-profit institution owned by a group of shareholders.
Nonprofit and for-profit organizations have different purposes. Due to their nonprofit status, credit unions have cooperative structures. Board members and employees are concerned with the financial well-being of all members. Credit unions also have strong community roots.
The main purpose of a for-profit bank is to make money for shareholders. When there’s a profit motive in place, employees and board members tend to make decisions based on what’s best for shareholders instead of what’s best for customers or communities. For example, employees at Wells Fargo opened thousands of fraudulent accounts to boost the bank’s bottom line, hurting customers in the process.
Membership Requirements
Another major difference between banks and credit unions is that credit unions have strict membership requirements. Banks want to make as much money as possible, so they tend to offer accounts to anyone who meets some basic criteria. For example, a bank may open a checking account for any adult who doesn’t have a history of writing bad checks.
Credit unions are member-owned, so they have additional requirements. For example, some credit unions require their members to work for the federal government. Others are designed for members of the military or people who live in a specific geographic area. If you don’t meet the membership requirements, you won’t be able to open an account.
Banks and credit unions are both subject to federal regulation, but they’re not regulated by the same agencies. In the United States, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency charters all banks and monitors their activities. The National Credit Union Administration oversees credit unions.
Both agencies work to ensure consumers receive fair treatment. Federal regulations also protect bank and credit union customers against deceptive business practices, giving you extra peace of mind.
Why Is a Credit Union Better Than a Bank for Some Consumers?
So, why is a credit union better than a bank in some cases? One of the main benefits is that credit unions operate for the good of their members. If you’re invested in the success of your community, joining a credit union can help you contribute to local development.
Credit unions also tend to offer slightly higher interest rates on certain savings and investment products. As of December 2023, credit unions were paying 2.93% on a five-year CD with a $10,000 deposit. In contrast, traditional banks were only paying 2.02%.
In some cases, a credit union also charges lower interest rates on credit cards and loans. The lower your rate, the less you pay in interest over time. At the end of 2023, credit unions charged an average of 12.72% on credit cards, while banks averaged 15%.
If you join a credit union, you may even save money on fees. Traditional banks need to maximize their profits, so they often charge monthly maintenance fees and fees for accessing certain services. You may also have to meet minimum daily balance requirements to avoid additional service charges.
Many credit unions charge no monthly service fees and have no minimum balance requirements. If you have to make a deposit to open your account, the minimum deposit may be just a few dollars. Credit unions may also offer free checks, free mobile banking, and other free services to their members.
Credit Unions vs. Banks: The Bottom Line
Banks and credit unions both have their place in the financial world. If you’re looking for personalized service, lower fees, and better interest rates, consider joining a credit union. You can always set up a traditional bank account if you want to access additional services.
To learn more about financial matters, check out Credit.com’s ultimate guide to personal finance.
Want to learn how to make $5,000 fast? Whether you’re in a rush to meet a financial goal this week or aiming for a steady income of $5,000 per month, there are several ways to make it happen. You’ll find different options, from short-term jobs that pay a lot at once to long-term ideas that…
Want to learn how to make $5,000 fast?
Whether you’re in a rush to meet a financial goal this week or aiming for a steady income of $5,000 per month, there are several ways to make it happen.
You’ll find different options, from short-term jobs that pay a lot at once to long-term ideas that bring in money regularly. And, sometimes, combining a few methods can help you reach $5,000 faster.
If you’re looking to make $5,000 fast, you’re not alone. Many people need a big amount of money quickly – for unexpected costs, important purchases, just to save up, or simply to make a stable amount of money regularly.
Best Ways To Make $5,000 Fast
Below is how you can make $5,000 fast.
1. Flip items for resale
If you want to learn how to make $5,000 without a job, then one way may be to flip items for resale.
Flipping items for resale means you buy things at a low price and sell them for more. This could be handmade goods, vintage items (like old games, cameras, clothing, etc.), furniture, sports equipment, appliances, and more.
Look for undervalued items at flea markets, garage sales, yard sales, and thrift stores, and then sell them for a profit. This job involves having an eye to spot valuable items that you think can be resold at a higher price.
You can resell items on eBay, Craigslist, Facebook Marketplace, and more.
I have flipped many, many items for resale over the years, and I think it’s a great way to work from home and make money on your own schedule.
Recommended reading: How Melissa Made $40,000 In One Year Flipping Items
2. Freelance online work
Making $5,000 a month from home is possible by becoming a freelancer.
Freelancers are people who run their own businesses and provide services to other businesses or clients on a contract basis. As a freelancer, you might be hired for onetime projects by businesses or you could secure long-term contract work with a company.
Online freelancing jobs include:
And more.
You can find freelance gigs through networking, reaching out to possible clients through email or phone, creating a freelance listing on Fiverr, searching for gigs on Upwork, and more.
I have personally been a freelancer for years (mainly freelance writing, and, in the past, I have also done freelance social media management), and it’s a great way to earn income while still being your own boss with a flexible schedule.
Recommended reading: 16 Best Freelance Jobs & How To Get Started
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This free 76-minute workshop answers all of the most common questions about how to become a proofreader, and even talks about the 5 signs that proofreading could be a perfect fit for you.
3. Pet sit and dog walk
Rover is a website that connects pet owners with pet sitters and dog walkers. You can work this job on weekends all year round or choose to be available only during the summer months – it’s flexible and up to you.
Getting started on Rover is simple. You create a profile highlighting your experience with pets and the services you offer, such as dog walking, pet sitting, and house sitting.
After setting up your profile, customers will send you requests, and you can discuss pricing with them. Rover handles payment processing, and you’ll receive payments directly into your account.
I have two close family members who are professional dog walkers, and they both love this side hustle.
Recommended reading: 7 Best Dog Walking Apps To Make Extra Money
4. Short-term rental your home
If you have a spare room in your home that you’re not using, you may want to try renting it out either on a short-term basis through Airbnb or Vrbo or by finding a long-term roommate to make extra cash.
I’ve rented out rooms multiple times before to roommates, and it’s a great way to earn extra income from unused space.
Recommended reading: What You Need To Know About Renting A Room In Your House
5. Deliver food
If you’re looking to make $5,000, finding a food delivery driving gig is a good option.
With companies like DoorDash, Uber Eats, and Instacart, you can start earning money by bringing people their favorite food. It’s flexible too, so you decide when you work and for how long.
Delivery services like Instacart hire personal grocery shoppers, and the average shopper earns $15 to $20 per hour delivering groceries. Drivers are paid per order, and you keep 100% of your tips. You can also pick your own schedule, which means teachers can work in the evenings or weekends, or only during the summer if they prefer.
6. Sell high-value items
If you’re looking to make a quick $5,000, selling high-value items can be a smart move. Take a look around your home; you might have things you don’t need that others are willing to buy for a good price.
You could sell an old cell phone, laptop, camera, designer clothes, your car, and more.
There are many different buyers for high-value items – from people like you and me on Facebook, to pawn shops, eBay, and more.
7. Tutor
Tutors who specialize in subjects such as math, language, science, graphic design, and more help students improve in those areas.
And, some tutors can make money rather quickly, such as one who specializes in college courses or high-level exams.
Becoming an online tutor depends on the subject you want to teach. Experience in the field is usually required, but there are opportunities for beginners as well. Tutors who teach advanced subjects like calculus or college entrance exams generally earn more than those teaching simpler topics.
Tutoring rates can range from $15 to over $100 per hour, depending on the subject and where you sell your tutoring services.
8. Stock photo photography
Stock image websites are popular platforms where photographers can sell their pictures. Customers can buy royalty-free photos for personal or business use, and these images are commonly used in websites, TV shows, books, social media, and more.
One advantage of using stock photo sites is that they can generate passive income. You can take pictures, upload them, and potentially earn money from them for months or even years. You’ll earn a commission every time someone downloads your photos.
Some well-known stock photo websites include Shutterstock, iStock by Getty Images, Adobe Stock, and Dreamstime.
In the world of stock photography, quality is important, but quantity matters too. The more pictures you have in your stock photo portfolio, the more potential you have to earn money.
Recommended reading: 18 Ways You Can Get Paid To Take Pictures
9. Sell an online course
Creating and selling an online course can be a great way to make money quickly, especially if you have knowledge or skills in a high-demand area.
If you have expertise in a certain subject, you can create and sell an online course. Platforms like Teachable and Udemy allow you to develop, host, and sell your course to students. While you may not earn $1,000 immediately, having students enroll over time can generate a substantial income.
I have an online course that I personally sell, Making Sense of Affiliate Marketing. I have also taken many online courses, such as on helping my toddler get better sleep, speech therapy for parents, business courses, blogging courses, and so much more.
There are many different subjects you can teach in an online course, including:
Painting
Music lessons
Exercise
Parenting
Languages
Photography and photo editing
Plants and gardening
Baking and cooking
Arts and crafts
10. Rent out your unused storage space
Just like Airbnb transformed the way you can earn money from your spare room, peer-to-peer storage platforms are doing the same for your unused spaces.
If you have extra space at home, consider renting it out to local people for storage. This could be a garage, driveway, closet, basement, or attic.
While making $1,000 in a single day from this may be challenging, renting out your space can provide a steady, long-term income when combined with other income sources.
You can use a website like Neighbor to list your available space for rent, potentially earning up to $15,000 per year.
11. Sell your jewelry
If you need to learn how to make $5,000 dollars in a day, then one option is to sell any expensive jewelry that you may have.
If you’ve got jewelry you no longer wear, selling it can be a quick way to earn some cash. You might have pieces like engagement rings, necklaces, or bracelets tucked away.
Recommended reading: Where To Sell Jewelry: 12 Best Places For Extra Money
12. Flip real estate
Flipping real estate means buying homes that need fixing, making improvements, and selling them for a profit. This can be a way to make $5,000 (and well over that if you are smart and careful!).
To do this type of real estate investment successfully, you may start by focusing on making cost-effective improvements, especially in areas like the kitchen and bathrooms, and address any major structural or safety issues.
Recommended reading: 23 Best Real Estate Side Hustles To Make Extra Money
14. Sell printables
If you’re looking to make $5,000 online, selling printables is an option.
Printables are digital files that customers can download and print at home, such as grocery shopping checklists, monthly budget planners, wedding invitations, wall art, and more.
I buy printables all the time, and actively search them out at least a few times a month. And, I’m not alone – many people buy printables frequently as well!
I recommend signing up for the Free Workshop: How To Earn Money Selling Printables. This free training will give you great ideas on what you can sell, how to get started, the costs, and how to make sales.
Do you want to make money selling printables online? This free training will give you great ideas on what you can sell, how to get started, the costs, and how to make sales.
15. Help businesses with their Facebook ads
Managing Facebook ads for local businesses is an online job where you can earn at least $1,000 per month per client.
Local businesses want to expand their audience through Facebook ads, but many don’t have the expertise to do it effectively. That’s where you come in. By learning this skill, you can sell your services to small businesses and help them reach more customers online.
Plus, this can be a part-time job that you do in your spare time or even a full-time job.
16. Write an ebook
Creating your own ebook can be a way to earn money online, and you likely have knowledge to share (even if you don’t realize it!) or a good story to write about.
Platforms like Amazon KDP (Kindle Direct Publishing) allow you to reach a wide audience without a traditional publisher.
Examples of genres you can write in include romance, travel, self-help, sci-fi, and more.
17. Blog
If you want to learn how to make $5,000 from home, then one of my favorite ways is to start a blog.
Now, starting a blog doesn’t instantly make you $5,000 because it takes time to set it up. However, with time and effort, some bloggers can make $5,000 a month in the future.
A blog is a website filled with articles, similar to what you’re reading now. You can start a blog on various topics like personal finance, recipes, travel, pet care, family life, and more.
You can earn money from a blog by partnering with companies for sponsorships, displaying ads, engaging in affiliate marketing (like promoting products on Amazon), and selling items such as ebooks, candles, T-shirts, and other products directly through your blog.
Blogging is my primary source of income, and I make well over $5,000 a month online. It took about six months to earn my first $100 from my blog, so getting started requires some patience. It then took me about a year to reach a monthly income of around $5,000 from blogging.
You can learn how to start a blog with my free How To Start a Blog Course (sign up by clicking here).
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Want to see how I built a $5,000,000 blog?
In this free course, I show you how to create a blog, from the technical side to earning your first income and attracting readers.
18. Affiliate marketing
Affiliate marketing is a way to earn money by promoting products or services online, and it’s one of my favorite ways to make $5,000 (or more) fast online.
Affiliate marketing is when someone buys a product through a referral link you share, and you earn a commission.
To start, you will want to find products you genuinely like and believe others will benefit from. Then, sign up for their affiliate program, which will provide you with a unique affiliate link. This link tracks the clicks and purchases made from your recommendation.
Recommended reading: Affiliate Marketing Tips For Bloggers – Free eBook
19. Sell on Amazon
Starting your own Amazon FBA (Fulfillment by Amazon) business can be a great way to make $5,000 fast.
You can sell items from household goods to clothes, games, electronics, and more.
Selling on Amazon FBA works by you sending the items you want to sell to an Amazon fulfillment warehouse. Amazon stores these items for you until they sell on their platform.
When an item sells, Amazon handles the shipping and sends it directly to the customer. This means you don’t have to worry about packing and shipping the sold items yourself.
Recommended reading: How To Sell Items On Amazon FBA
20. Start a YouTube channel
Creating content for your own YouTube channel can be a fun way to work toward making $5,000 fast.
You can create a YouTube channel about topics such as finance, home improvement, travel, toys, pets, and more. There’s a YouTube channel for almost every interest these days.
Like blogging, this isn’t a guarantee that you’ll make money, and it will definitely take time to reach $5,000. But, it can be a lot of fun, and you get to be your own boss.
21. Buy a business that already makes income
Buying a business that’s already bringing in money is a way to possibly skip the tough start-up phase and have a business that is making over $5,000.
Now, existing businesses are typically expensive – someone has done a lot of hard work building a business over years and years, after all. They can cost anywhere from a few thousand to millions or even billions of dollars.
You can start by looking at online marketplaces like BizBuySell or Flippa. They list all kinds of businesses for sale, and you’ll see lots of options from online sites (like retail stores and blogs) to local shops (like bike shops, clothing stores, toy stores, and laundromats).
An example – I was recently in a small local bike shop, and they told me that it was for sale. They earned around $20,000 a month (I’m not sure if that was before or after expenses or anything else), and their shop was for sale for around $500,000. You got all the bikes, parts, customers, etc. with the sale. The building wasn’t owned by them, they had monthly rent and other bills to pay. I’m not going to say if this was a good or bad deal – it’s just an example of a real business that is for sale that I recently came across.
22. Consulting
Consulting is when you provide expert advice to individuals or businesses facing challenges. Consultants use their knowledge to understand problems, give advice, and help clients make better decisions from an outside perspective.
Consultants work in fields like management, finance, technology, or marketing. They focus on areas like strategy, process improvement, or restructuring to help clients achieve their goals effectively.
Here’s an example of how a consulting gig works: A company is struggling with managing its products and deliveries. They bring in a consultant who knows a lot about solving these issues. First, the consultant looks at how things are currently done. Then, they suggest better ways to store and ship items. The consultant helps put these ideas into action and teaches the company’s team how to use the new methods. Even after the changes, the consultant keeps an eye on things to make sure everything works well. This helps the company save money and makes sure that customers get what they need on time.
23. Detail cars
Starting a mobile car detailing business can be a way to earn money quickly. After all, you don’t need a lot to get started, and people are always wanting a good detailer to clean their car.
You’ll want to start by getting quality cleaning supplies like car shampoo, wax, and microfiber towels. You can then set fair prices based on what others charge nearby and promote your services on social media and with local businesses.
24. Rideshare driving gigs
Driving for a ride-sharing service like Uber or Lyft can be a way to reach your $5,000 goal quickly.
Here’s how you can work toward earning $5,000 with Uber or Lyft:
Drive during peak hours when demand is high, such as weekend nights, rush hours, or during busy events in your city.
Maximize your earnings by strategically positioning yourself in high-demand areas where there are plenty of potential riders, like near popular restaurants, bars, or events.
Take advantage of Uber’s driver bonuses, which may include incentives for completing a certain number of rides or driving during specific times. For example, you might earn an extra $10 for completing three rides in a row during rush hour.
While you won’t make $5,000 in one day, driving for a ride-sharing service can be a flexible way to earn money and work toward reaching your financial goal over time.
Frequently Asked Questions
Below are answers to common questions about how to make $5,000 fast.
What are some ways to earn an extra $5,000 quickly?
If you need to make an extra $5,000 quickly, then selling expensive items that you already own is usually the fastest thing that I recommend doing. This is because you may have expensive things in your home already – like jewelry or electronics – that you can sell and get paid for within just a few days.
Can I make $5,000 in a single day and how?
Making $5,000 in a single day is hard but not impossible. It may require a combination of having high-value items to sell or landing a big client for your freelance business. It’s about making the right move at the right time with the resources you have.
How can I double $5,000 dollars?
There are many ways to double $5,000 dollars, but it will depend on how much time you have to double your money, as well as how much risk you want to take on. Some ways will be much more risky than others, such as by investing in stocks or real estate. Due to this, it’s important to research and consider your risk tolerance before investing your money.
How can I make $5,000 in a month?
Ways to make $5,000 in a month can include freelance writing, blogging, proofreading, bookkeeping, and more.
How to make $5,000 fast without a job?
If you want to make $5,000 fast but not get a job, then the fastest thing to do is typically to sell items around your home that you already have, such as jewelry or electronics. You can also combine a bunch of different side hustles, such as freelancing, selling stuff, running a business, flipping real estate, and even small things like taking online surveys (like Survey Junkie for free gift cards).
How to make $5,000 a day online?
Some ways to make $5,000 a day online may include selling courses or other digital products. Now, this will not be an easy thing to do, and it will require a lot of hard work (as well as some luck).
How To Make $5,000 Fast – Summary
I hope you enjoyed this article on how to make $5,000 fast.
As you read above, there are many different ways to make $5,000. Some are faster than others (such as selling expensive items that you already own), and others may be more of a full-time career (such as freelance proofreading).
Buying your first home can be tedious and overwhelming.
While it’s exciting to visit properties and daydream about your dream home, getting over the financing hurdles is another story. But don’t fret.
This comprehensive guide for first-time homebuyers will walk you through the entire process from start to finish.
Benefits of Being a First-Time Homebuyer
As a first-time homebuyer, you may feel a mix of excitement and apprehension. While the home buying process can seem overwhelming, it’s important to recognize the numerous benefits that come with this milestone.
Financial Assistance
First-time homebuyers have access to several financial assistance programs that can make homeownership more affordable. These include down payment assistance programs, low-interest mortgage loans, and grants specifically designed for first-time buyers. Some of these programs are offered by state and local governments, while others are provided by non-profit organizations or private lenders.
Lower Down Payments
Several loan programs offer lower down payment requirements for first-time homebuyers. The FHA loan, for example, requires as little as 3.5% down if your credit score is 580 or higher. The USDA and VA loans even offer zero down payment options in some cases.
Access to Educational Resources
There’s a lot to learn when you’re buying a home for the first time, but fortunately, there are plenty of resources available. Many organizations offer homebuyer education courses that can help you understand the process and make informed decisions. Some lenders and assistance programs require you to take one of these courses, but even if it’s not mandatory, it can still be a valuable resource.
Before Starting Your Home Search
Check Your Credit
Not only will your credit score play a considerable factor in whether you’re approved for a mortgage, but it will also determine your interest rate.
A small increase or decrease in interest rates may not seem like a big deal. However, mortgage loans are for a hefty sum and for an extended period of time. So, a slight increase or decrease equates to thousands of dollars more spent or saved over the life of the loan.
To have the best chance of being approved for a home loan, you should aim for a credit score of at least 620. It’s possible to get approved for select home loan programs with a score as low as 580, but you may have fewer lenders to choose from.
Run the Numbers
It’s tempting for first-time homebuyers to start searching for homes when they know their credit score is up to par. But that’s probably not a good move until you determine how much home you can afford. Yes, the loan officer will give you a figure when you obtain a preapproval, but that amount isn’t always indicative of what you can afford.
Why so? Well, they focus on the debt-to-income (DTI) ratio to get an idea of a loan amount you qualify for. According to the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, lenders prefer a DTI ratio of 43% or lower with your new mortgage payment. To illustrate:
CURRENT MONTHLY DEBT
GROSS INCOME
DEBT-TO-INCOME RATIO
MAXIMUM MORTGAGE PAYMENT (USING 43% RECOMMENDATION)
$1,000
$4,000
25%
$720
$2,000
$6,000
33%
$580
$3,000
$10,000
30%
$1,300
Note: Debt-to-Income Ratio = Aggregate Amount of Monthly Debt / Gross Income
The problem is that it fails to consider any expenses unrelated to debt. And if you have hefty insurance, childcare, or even grocery bills, that could be a major concern.
So, your best bet is to look at your current budget and come up with a realistic figure for your new mortgage payment. But don’t forget to keep the recommended DTI ratio in mind.
Explore Mortgage Options
There are several mortgage options on the market for first-time homebuyers, but the most prevalent are:
Conventional Loans
A conventional mortgage is a type of home loan that is not insured or guaranteed by the government. It’s typically offered by a private lender, such as a bank or credit union, and is the most common type of mortgage used to purchase a home.
Conventional mortgages typically require a down payment of at least 3% of the purchase price of the home. Borrowers typically must have a credit score of 620 or higher and a DTI ratio of 36% or lower to qualify. If you have bad credit or are unable to make a large down payment may have a harder time qualifying for a conventional mortgage.
If the loan amount is over $726,200, it becomes a jumbo loan and requires a higher down payment.
FHA Loans
An FHA loan is a type of home loan insured by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA), a government agency within the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD).
FHA loans are designed to make it easier for people to buy homes, especially for first-time homebuyers. They offer lower down payment requirements and more flexible credit guidelines than conventional mortgages.
The minimum credit score required for an FHA loan is 500. If your credit score is between 500 -579, the down payment is 10%. However, if you have a credit score of 580 or above, the down payment is 3.5% of the purchase price.
VA Loans
VA Loans are insured by the Department of Veterans Affairs. They don’t require a down payment and are easier to qualify for than conventional loan products. However, you must be an active-duty member of the armed forces. Surviving spouses also qualify.
USDA Loans
A USDA loan is a type of mortgage offered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) to low- and moderate-income borrowers who are looking to buy a home in a rural or suburban area.
See also: 14 First-Time Home Buyer Grants and Programs
Check Out Our Top Picks for 2024:
Best Mortgage Lenders
Most mortgages have a 30 or 15-year term. The latter will cost you more per month, but you’ll save a load of cash on interest.
You can also choose from a fixed or adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM). Fixed-rate mortgages have the same interest rate for the duration of the loan. But ARMs typically start with a lower interest rate for a set amount of time. In fact, they usually span from five to ten years and then adjust depending on the housing market.
Some first-time homebuyers choose ARMs over fixed-rate mortgages because it gives them the option to make a smaller monthly payment in the first few years. It could also mean that you can qualify for a more expensive home. But, be careful not to get too overextended, as erratic market behavior could cause the rate to skyrocket.
Get Preapproved
This is one of the more time-consuming parts of the entire mortgage process for a first-time home buyer. The good news is you don’t have to settle for the first offer that comes your way out of fear that your credit score will take a hit.
“FICO Scores ignore [mortgage] inquiries made in the 30 days prior to scoring,” according to myFICO. So, you won’t be penalized for multiple inquiries.
So, start by researching mortgage lenders that you may be interested in working with. You could also solicit the help of a mortgage broker if you’re strapped for time or want someone to do the legwork for you.
Once you’ve settled on a few lenders, be prepared to provide the following to get preapproved:
Financial statements to confirm your assets, including retirement accounts and real estate
Recent bank statements
Last two pay stubs
W-2s from the last two years
They will also pull your credit report and credit scores. If you qualify, the mortgage lender will then provide you with a preapproval letter, valid for a certain time period, that specifies how much you’re eligible for.
Save Up for a Down Payment and Closing Costs
During the preapproval process, the lender should have discussed loan options that could be a good fit for you. They should also have communicated how much you will need for a down payment and closing costs.
While some sellers may be willing to cover closing costs, be prepared to provide earnest money to secure your offer. And you may need a large down payment if you’re taking out a jumbo loan, or don’t qualify for the FHA or VA loan program. If that’s the case, now’s the time to figure out a plan for it.
If the seller is not paying closing costs, expect to pay between 2% and 5% of the sales price. And if a hefty down payment isn’t required, it’s not a bad idea to bring money to the table. Doing so allows you to reduce the Loan-to-Value, which positions you as less risky to the lender.
You may also be able to avoid private mortgage insurance (PMI), which is required until you reach 20% in equity, and possibly qualify for a reduced interest rate.
How to Find the Perfect Home
Go Home Shopping
All squared away with a preapproval and planned to save up the cash you need? Now, it’s time to go home shopping. But before you go, you have to decide if you want to enlist the assistance of a real estate agent.
It’s possible to find a slew of listings within your price range on the web with minimal effort. However, real estate agents have access to a system that could expand your reach. Even better, they could be integral in helping you choose a home that’s a good buy and negotiating the final purchase price.
And the seller’s agent pays their commission, so no need to worry about forking over extra cash. Just be sure to hire a real estate professional that is seasoned and reputable.
Now for the fun part: home shopping. Be careful not to judge a home solely by its appearance. Some other important factors to keep in mind:
Taxes: are the property taxes affordable or beyond what you can comfortably afford? (You can roll property taxes and homeowners insurance into an escrow account, but they can easily make or break your budget if the figures are steep).
Location: is the home in an area that has historically held its value? Is the location optimal for your commute to and from work?
Crime: is it a high crime area or is it relatively safe?
Condition: how old is the property? Does it need tons of repairs, or is it close to being move in ready?
Floor plan: is the floor plan feasible or ideal for your situation? Would it be appealing to other buyers if you had to sell?
School district: how are the schools? Have they received a good rating, or do they struggle to stay afloat?
All of these factors can have an effect on the value of the property over time.
Submit an Offer
You’ve found the perfect home, and you’re ready to sign on the dotted. Before you can finalize the paperwork and move in, there’s one more important step. And that’s making the offer. Even if the sales price seems fair, you may need to make an offer that’s higher or lower to snag the home.
Why so? Well, there could be a slight or drastic bidding war going on, and the only way for you to win is to beat out the competition. Or maybe your real estate agent did some research and determined the asking price was a bit high based on similar properties in the area or the home’s current condition.
Either way, you want to submit an offer that stands out and gets accepted. Your real estate agent will be able to do so on your behalf. But if you don’t have a real estate agent, check out these letters from Trulia to get you started.
The Mortgage Process
Even after your offer is accepted, there’s still more work to do. You’re not done just yet! It’s time to move on to the mortgage process.
Remember that preapproval letter? The lender will make sure all the information you initially provided is accurate through a process called underwriting.
Depending on how long it’s been since you were preapproved, you may be asked to provide updated bank statements or pay stubs.
The faster you submit the requested information, the quicker you’ll get a response. So, don’t drag your feet if you want a closing date that’s sooner than later.
Home Inspections and Appraisals
Before you close on the home, you will need to have a home inspection and appraisal complete.
The home inspection shouldn’t cost you more than $500. It will give you an overall assessment of the property and identify any potential issues.
The appraisal also plays an integral role as it will give you a solid idea of the home’s fair market value. The lender will mandate it, but it’s not a bad idea to get an independent appraisal done to serve as a second opinion.
An inspection and appraisal may help you decide if you should lower your offer or walk away from the property.
Purchase Homeowners Insurance
Your mortgage lender will require that you take out homeowners insurance. So, you want to start shopping around for quotes and select a policy prior to closing.
Close on Your Loan
At last! You’ve reached the finish line, and it’s time to close on your loan. During the closing, expect to:
Sign a load of paperwork.
Provide any amounts owed for the down payment.
Pay closing costs, which could include property tax obligations, premiums for homeowner’s insurance and association dues, title insurance, and any other costs associated with finalizing the loan.
Pay discount points or prepaid interest that can reduce the interest rate.
But before you show up at closing, it’s a good idea to speak with the lender, so you’ll know what to expect. You can also request a copy of the final closing document, or Closing Disclosure, to see a detailed breakdown of expenses.
A Few More Tips
Here are a few more suggestions for first time home buyers to help you get approved for your first loan:
Refrain from applying for new credit before you close. This could throw off your DTI ratio, lower your credit score, and ultimately prevent you from closing on the loan.
State and local programs may be available to assist with down payments. If you’re low on funds, be sure to explore options that may be available to you.
Several builders offer buyer incentives, like allowances for upgrades and closing costs. So if you haven’t considered new construction, it may not be such a bad idea to take a look if the price points are within your budget.
Should You Rent, Instead?
Perhaps you’ve done a little legwork, ran the numbers, and are on the fence about home buying. You will typically find that it’s cheaper to make monthly mortgage payments than to pay rent.
You can also take advantage of tax deductions and build up equity as you’re making monthly payments. The equity can be borrowed against for a loan or put some extra money in your pocket should you decide to sell before the repayment period ends.
However, renting a home gives you the flexibility to move to a new location if the home isn’t quite what you expected, don’t like the neighborhood, or want something more affordable.
Furthermore, renting allows you to pass the costs of maintaining the home on to the owner. But as a homeowner, you’ll be responsible for costs associated with maintenance and repairs.
Another reason why some choose to rent over buying is the upfront costs. Most landlords require a security deposit. However, it could be substantially lower than the money you may have to bring to the table for the down payment and closing costs.
Ultimately, you have to decide which is the better fit: investing in an asset that could build wealth or continuing to pay rent until you feel the time is right. There is no right or wrong answer; it just depends on your personal preference and financial situation.
Bottom Line
By taking the time to learn about the home buying process, you’ll be well-prepared and save yourself time and headaches. Best of all, you’ll increase your chances of landing your dream home with the most competitive mortgage product on the market.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the process for buying a home?
The process for buying a home typically involves the following steps:
Determine your budget and get preapproved for a mortgage.
Find a real estate agent and start looking for homes.
Make an offer on a home and negotiate the terms.
Get a home inspection and address any issues that are found.
Get a mortgage and close on the home.
How much house can I afford?
When determining how much house you can afford, there are several factors to take into account. You should consider your income, expenses, down payment, credit score, and mortgage type before making a decision.
A larger down payment can help you get a lower mortgage rate, and a higher credit score can qualify you for better rates and loan terms. Shopping around for mortgage rates and considering different types of mortgages, such as fixed-rate or adjustable-rate, can also help you find the best deal.
Keep in mind that owning a home involves more than just the monthly payments. You will also need to factor in property taxes, insurance, and maintenance costs. You should create a budget that includes all of these costs and leaves room for unexpected expenses.
How much money do I need for a down payment?
The amount of money you need for a down payment will depend on the type of mortgage you get and the price of the home you are buying.
Some mortgage programs, such as FHA loans, allow for down payments as low as 3.5%, while others may require a higher down payment. It’s a good idea to speak with a mortgage lender to determine how much you will need.
Can I buy a house if I have a low credit score?
It’s possible to buy a house with a low credit score. However, it may be more difficult to get approved for a mortgage, and you may have to pay a higher interest rate. Before applying for a mortgage, work on improving your credit scores, as this will help you qualify for a better loan and save you money over time.
How much will closing costs be?
Closing costs are fees that are paid at the closing of a real estate transaction. These costs can vary widely and may include things like mortgage origination fees, title insurance, and appraisal fees. On average, closing costs can range from 2% to 5% of the purchase price of the home.
What is a mortgage preapproval?
A mortgage preapproval is a letter from a lender that indicates how much you are qualified to borrow for a mortgage. The preapproval letter is based on a review of your financial information, including your credit score, monthly income, and debts. A mortgage preapproval can help you understand how much you can afford to borrow and can make you a more competitive buyer in the real estate market.
What is a mortgage rate?
A mortgage rate is the interest rate that you will pay on your mortgage. The mortgage rate will determine the amount of your monthly payments and the overall cost of your loan. Interest rates can vary depending on the type of mortgage you get and your credit scores.
What is PMI?
PMI, or private mortgage insurance, is insurance that is required by lenders for certain types of mortgages when the borrower has less than a 20% down payment. PMI protects the lender in the event that the borrower defaults on the mortgage. The cost of PMI is typically added to the borrower’s monthly mortgage payment.
Getting the most money possible when selling your car isn’t as difficult as it once was. The internet allows you to reach a wider audience and increase your odds of finding a buyer willing to pay more — whether selling to an individual, online-only auto retailer or traditional dealership.
When choosing where to sell your car, the decision comes down to whether your top priority is convenience and speed or getting the highest sales price. If your main objective is getting the most money, expect to spend a little more time in your endeavor.
Here are steps to help you get the most money for your car, from prepping for the sale to selecting the best sales platform.
Preparing to sell your car
Before presenting your car for sale, there are some preliminary steps to take. These can vary depending on where and how you intend to sell it.
Know your car’s fair market value
Regardless of where you sell your car, research what dollar amount you can realistically expect to receive. Online valuation sites like Edmunds or Kelley Blue Book show average prices paid to buy a vehicle like yours from individual sellers or dealerships in your area. Providing your vehicle identification number (VIN) or license plate number, as opposed to just entering the make and model, will give you a more accurate value.
Have a price range that you’ll accept in mind. That way you can be prepared to set your asking price at the high end if you create your own listing. And, you’ll know a realistic bottom line if a potential buyer wants to negotiate or a dealership makes you an offer.
Invest time to present your car in its best light
Clean your car inside and out, and have this done professionally if possible to remove any odors or stains. You may also want to clean the engine bay and make any minor repairs, such as restoring cloudy headlights. Your car’s appearance can be very important in convincing a potential buyer (or dealer) that the vehicle is well-maintained and worth more.
Also, gather maintenance records as proof that your car has been taken care of and is less likely to have mechanical problems.
Create a detailed description of your car
This step is needed only if you plan to list your car on sites that sell to private parties. Write a description that shows and tells potential buyers why your car is worth the price you’re asking. Take quality photos from all angles, and write a description highlighting selling points like low mileage, upgrades or any remaining transferable warranty.
Choosing where to sell your car
A lot has changed since the days of selling your car by putting a “for sale” sign in its window, a flyer in the supermarket or a classified ad in the local newspaper. While those are still options, you have a wide range of other possibilities available, too.
Here we focus on the three main avenues for selling a car — selling to an individual, to an online-only retailer or to a traditional dealership. Some websites enable you to use more than one approach, for example getting both private party and dealer offers for your car.
We’ll start with the option that typically results in car sellers receiving the highest prices.
Sell your car to an individual or private party
Selling your car to an individual, also called a private-party sale, is typically where you can get the most money. However, it can also be more time-consuming and come with added risk.
You can use traditional ways of letting people know your car is available, like word of mouth. But you can reach a bigger audience by listing your car on online private sales sites — like Facebook Marketplace, Craigslist, Autotrader or eBay Motors.
While you can make the most selling your car privately, that amount could be reduced slightly by certain expenses. Some private sale sites let you list a car for free while others charge a fee, so consider what you’ll be paying. For example, Autotrader charges $49 for a listing, but this fee also includes a Kelley Blue Book listing and a free vehicle history report for possible buyers. Remember to take into account whether you could have travel or transport expenses to get your car to someone who doesn’t live near you.
Also, be wary of scams when selling your car to an individual, which could be the difference between receiving the most money for your car or not receiving payment at all. Scammers can fake just about every form of payment — including cash, cashier’s checks and certified checks. If your buyer is local, you could meet at that person’s bank to ensure the cash or check is legitimate.
If the buyer isn’t local, using an escrow company — a third party that holds your car title until payment is confirmed — is a good option. But beware that escrow companies can be fake, too. To avoid escrow fraud, don’t use a company suggested by the buyer. Take time to identify a legitimate escrow service, such as a local bank or attorney, or a well-known online service. AutoTrader offers escrow services when you sell through its site, but expect to pay the greater of $49 or 0.99% of the car’s selling price.
Sell to an online used car retailer
Selling your car directly to an online-only car retailer, like CarMax, Carvana or NerdWallet’s own Automotive Marketplace, provides a middle ground. The nonnegotiable offer you receive is likely to be less than what you could get from an individual buyer. However, it’s typically quite a bit more than you would get from a traditional dealership.
Online auto retailers provide an easy way to submit your vehicle information online, receive an immediate offer and in some cases even have your car picked up. At pick-up, you’ll most likely have a check handed to you, or you may receive payment into your bank account via direct deposit or wire transfer. You won’t have to worry about scammers or a possibly drawn-out process of fielding inquiries from strangers.
Online retailers do have vehicle requirements. For example, Carvana only buys cars that are model year 1992 or newer, have a working odometer and are safe to drive. However, if your vehicle doesn’t meet such requirements, you may have options to sell to companies like Peddle and NerdWallet Automotive Marketplace that accept older and damaged vehicles.
Sell to a traditional car dealership
Selling your car to a nearby used car lot may be convenient, but it’s usually where you’ll get the least amount of money. Brick-and-mortar dealerships have overhead business expenses that individuals and online retailers don’t, so dealer offers are commonly the least competitive.
Occasionally a dealer might beat other offers, especially if you’re selling an in-demand car that the dealer needs in inventory, but that isn’t the norm. And, it’s up to you to provide other, higher offers for the dealer to beat.
One way to do this is to get offers from online-only retailers, then ask the traditional dealership if it can do better. Another option is to get and compare offers from many dealers through companies like Cars.com, CarGurus and TrueCar, where you can request bids from local dealers or a network of dealerships.
🤓Nerdy Tip
If you’re buying a car from a dealer and trading in your old one, expect the trade-in value to be less than what you could get selling the car yourself. But you may pay less in taxes, since most states charge sales tax on the difference between the trade-in value and new-car price.
Getting more offers can mean more money
Whether you decide to sell your car privately, through an online retailer or at a local dealership — or in some combination of the three — it’s a good idea to cast a wide net. Unless you’re paying to list on a private sale site, it won’t cost you anything to seek offers from multiple sources.
For example, offers from sites like CarMax and Carvana can vary by thousands of dollars, and one doesn’t consistently pay more than the other. So why not get offers from both, along with several other sites? It’s a small investment of time to find the highest offer and make the most possible when selling your car.
Ready to make your money work for you? Before you jump in and start investing, take the time to learn about brokerage accounts first. After all, in most cases, a brokerage account is the best way to actively manage your investments.
To help you make an informed decision and open a brokerage account, we’ve compiled a comprehensive guide covering everything from fees to plan for your investments. So, take a few moments to equip yourself with all the answers to your burning investment questions, and you’ll be on your way to financial freedom!
How does a brokerage account work?
A brokerage account allows you to purchase and sell stocks and funds through a digital platform. You can generally deposit funds with cash or check and pay a pre-defined commission to your broker.
The fee you pay fluctuates according to the service you get and the level of automation provided by your chosen platform. Unlike a savings account where you gain a consistent interest rate on your deposits, a brokerage account earns (or sustains losses) depending on the performance of your chosen investments.
Although there is more risk involved, you are likely to reap higher profits than a low-interest savings account. However, if you have a strong appetite for risk, particularly if you are aiming for long-term investment, then considering a brokerage account as part of your savings portfolio might be viable.
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Types of Brokerage Accounts
When it comes to investing, there are a variety of brokerage accounts available to select from, each tailored to suit your individual investment objectives and risk appetite. Some common types of brokerage accounts include:
Individual brokerage account: An individual brokerage account is a standard taxable account that is held in the name of a single investor, allowing them to purchase and sell securities such as stocks, bonds, mutual funds, and ETFs.
Joint brokerage account: For those who wish to invest together, a joint brokerage account is an option, held in the names of two or more individuals, such as married couples or business partners.
Retirement account: Retirement accounts are specifically tailored to helping investors save for retirement, offering certain tax advantages that can help their savings grow in the long term, including traditional IRAs, Roth IRAs, SEP IRAs, and 401(k)s.
Trust account: Trust accounts are also available, set up to hold assets for a third party, like a minor or estate beneficiary. These can be revocable or irrevocable trusts.
Business brokerage account: Business brokerage accounts are set up to buy and sell securities on behalf of a business, such as a small business or startup looking to invest their cash reserves or raise capital.
Custodial account: Custodial accounts are designed for minors, often set up by a parent or guardian to save for a child’s education or other expenses, such as a 529 savings plan.
What can you invest in with a brokerage account?
There are actually a wide variety of options available. You may want to pick one type to start with, or you could choose several to diversify your portfolio. Perhaps the most familiar type of investment is a common stock, in which you essentially purchase shares of a specific company.
If you work for a large public company, you might receive shares as part of your compensation package. Or you can choose from any of the companies listed in the stock market, ranging from behemoths like Facebook to successful small niche companies. On top of common stocks, you can also add the following to your brokerage account:
Preferred stocks
Corporate or sovereign bonds
Real estate investment trusts (REITs)
Stock options
Certificates of deposit (CDs)
Money market accounts (MMAs)
Exchange-traded funds (ETFs)
Mutual funds
Master limited partnerships (MLPs)
What should you consider when picking an online broker?
When opening an online brokerage account, the first thing to consider is whether you want a full-service or discount broker. Full-service brokerage accounts invariably comes with higher fees. But the upside is that you get a financial advisor who is dedicated to your investment account. You can discuss your financial situation and future monetary goals with your financial advisor and build an ongoing relationship.
With a managed brokerage account, financial advisors perform trades for you based on your financial goals and risk appetite. If you have questions or concerns, you can directly communicate with your broker by phone, email, or even an in-person meeting. You’re likely to pay commissions that are higher than those of a discount broker, but you have access to a seasoned professional at all times.
Discount Brokerage Firms
Discount brokerage firms, on the other hand, typically operate solely online. You execute all of your own trades in a truly do-it-yourself fashion. The advantage is that you can save lots of money. The disadvantage is that you have to rely solely on your own market research to develop your portfolio, and can cost yourself money by making mistakes out of sheer inexperience.
Still, if you want to be hands-on with your investments, online discount brokers make the stock market accessible — and affordable — in a way it has never been before. Here are a few other things to think about when choosing your brokerage firm.
Costs
There are typically two types of costs associated with an online brokerage account. The first is a commission fee, which can range anywhere between $5 and $10 for each trade you make. These fees usually apply to stocks and options, and sometimes ETFs, plus transaction fees for mutual funds.
Trading Fees
However, some online brokerage accounts offer fee-free trades for ETFs and mutual funds. If either of those is a large part of your investment strategy, you may benefit from choosing a brokerage that doesn’t charge any fees for those.
Brokerage Account Fees
The second cost you’ll come across is various potential account fees. These can include an annual fee for maintaining your brokerage account, inactivity fees, and research and data fees for information provided by your broker.
Withdrawal & Transfer Fees
You may also incur fees for withdrawing or transferring your funds. Think about how often you plan to trade and what resources you want access to when assessing the value of these fees at different companies. If your annual fee is high, but you’ll save money on lower trading fees, it might be worth it.
Similarly, if you don’t intend to trade very frequently, you might want to find a brokerage firm with low or no inactivity fees. Be sure to do a full review of all costs involved to make sure you get the best value across the board for your specific needs. Otherwise, your trades could end up costing you money over time, rather than earning you money.
Account Balance
Another factor to consider when choosing a brokerage account is how much money you initially plan to invest. Some online brokerages have a minimum amount just to get started, often requiring at least a few thousand dollars. Others don’t have any minimum requirements. In either case, you may notice varying fees depending on how much you invest.
For example, you may receive a discount by meeting a certain deposit threshold. In those cases, it also means you’ll end up paying more if you have a lower account balance. Carefully consider how much you intend to invest and where you receive the best perks for that amount.
Customer Service
In addition to research and data made available online (and often resulting in fees), consider what type of personal service you receive. Would you like an annual check-in with a real financial advisor? Do you prefer 24/7 email or chat support? Or do you need something more hands-on?
Just as the level of service varies between full-service brokers and discount brokers, you’ll see a difference even among different online brokers. Pay attention to your needs, and don’t be afraid to change your brokerage account further down the road if you feel you need more or less attention.
Cash Account vs. Margin Account
Yet another breakdown in types of brokerage accounts is a cash account versus a margin account. So, what’s the difference? A cash account is extremely straightforward: you simply trade with the exact amount of funds currently available in your account. This can be relatively restrictive for a couple of different reasons.
First, cash used to purchase new stocks must be settled in your brokerage account, so if a previous transaction is still pending, you can’t use that money for a new trade. Second, you can’t make any withdrawals from a cash account until the money is fully settled.
Trading on Margin
A margin account essentially allows you to borrow money from your brokerage firm to cover short-term capital needs. The advantage is that it gives you a bit more flexibility in making time-sensitive trades.
One of the disadvantages is that you’ll have to pay a margin rate, which serves as interest on the short-term loan. Additionally, you may need to place a higher account minimum to compensate for the risk of the broker potentially losing money.
You can potentially qualify for a lower margin rate by permitting rehypothecation, which allows brokerage firms to reuse your collateral for their own purposes. Clearly, this brings additional risk to your portfolio.
If you’re a beginning investor, it’s probably wise to stick to straightforward cash trading. As you become more comfortable and active with the trading process, you can begin exploring the intricacies of margin trading with your broker.
How to Open a Brokerage Account
Opening a brokerage account isn’t terribly difficult and just requires a few pieces of personal information and, of course, money. When you’re ready to get started, gather basic materials such as your Social Security number or tax ID number, driver’s license, date of birth, and contact information.
You’ll also need employment and income information, including your employer, annual income (usually submitted using a W9 form), and your net worth. Assuming this information is easy for you to pull together, the process is both quick and easy, especially if you opt to open a brokerage account online.
You’ll also need cash to open a brokerage account. You cannot use a credit card to deposit funds. Instead, you’ll likely need to perform an electronic funds transfer from your bank account.
Keep a paper check on hand to facilitate the transfer. This process can take anywhere between a few days and a week so that the money can be verified. Once the funds hit your brokerage account, you can get started trading!
Should you use a brokerage account for retirement funds?
This is a very personal question which depends upon your retirement savings goals. First, it’s critical to take advantage of any employer-sponsored retirement accounts like a 401(k), especially if you receive a company match for your contributions. Then, consider contributing to a tax-advantaged retirement account like a Roth IRA.
There are limits on how much you can contribute each year, but you do both to enjoy different tax advantages. For example, a traditional IRA is not taxed until you begin withdrawing, making your annual contributions tax-deductible. Roth IRA contributions, on the other hand, are taxed when you make them.
The upside is that you don’t pay taxes when you start to withdraw, potentially saving you money during your retirement. If you’ve maxed out an appropriate amount of these account types, you might consider supplementing your retirement savings with a brokerage account.
Before you do, consider a few things. First, the earnings you make on selling investments are taxable, usually as capital gains tax. You’ll also want to review the amount of risk in your portfolio as you approach retirement age. Remember to review your holdings regularly, especially if you’re not a frequent trader.
Getting Started
With so many options available for brokerage accounts today, investing is more accessible — and affordable — than ever before. If you’re just beginning to get your feet wet, start by investing just a small amount of money to help you learn through rookie mistakes. Then you can grow into more sophisticated trading methods as you learn the full potential of your brokerage account.
Alternatively, you can switch to a more service-oriented account to take the day-to-day trading out of your hands. The options are quite limitless when it comes to managing a brokerage account.
Frequently Asked Questions
Are brokerage accounts insured?
The Securities Investor Protection Corporation (SIPC) offers insurance for cash and securities held in a brokerage account should the brokerage fail, though this coverage only extends to the custodial function of the brokerage. Unfortunately, it does not extend to losses resulting from inadequate investment decisions or drops in the value of investments.
In addition, SIPC guarantees up to $500,000 per customer, with a $250,000 cap on cash. However, keep in mind that SIPC insurance does not shield against market losses or other dangers associated with investing.
Which brokerage account is the most suitable for beginners?
When selecting a brokerage account as a novice investor, there are a host of factors to consider, including the kind of investment products you have your eye on, fees and commissions, user-friendliness, and customer service. Here are some of the options you may want to think about:
Robinhood: For those wishing to begin investing without incurring too many costs, Robinhood may be a good choice; it offers commission-free trading for numerous popular stocks and ETFs. However, it should be noted that Robinhood does not provide the same features as more traditional brokerage firms, such as access to research and investment advice.
E*TRADE: E*TRADE is a much-revered brokerage firm that provides a vast selection of investment products, including stocks, ETFs, mutual funds, and options. The platform also provides access to educational materials and investment guidance, as well as a navigable platform with a wide range of tools and resources for rookies. That being said, E*TRADE does impose commissions on some trades and, as such, may not be suitable for those looking to make numerous trades.
Charles Schwab: Charles Schwab is yet another highly regarded brokerage firm that offers various investment products and a user-friendly platform, and it boasts a plethora of resources and tools for novice investors, such as educational materials and investment guidance. Although it does charge commissions for certain trades, Charles Schwab does offer commission-free trading for certain ETFs.
At the end of the day, the best brokerage account for a beginner depends on their individual needs and objectives. Hence, it is advisable to shop around and compare the fees, commissions, and features of different brokerage firms before choosing.
How old do you have to be to open a brokerage account?
In the United States, you must be at least 18 to open a brokerage account in your own name. However, some brokerage firms may require a Social Security number or tax identification number to proceed.
If this applies to you, and you are under 18, it may still be possible to open an account with the help of a parent or guardian. A few brokerage firms offer custodial accounts, which are held in the name of minors, but managed by adults.
How much do you need to open a brokerage account?
The amount of capital required to start a brokerage account differs depending on the broker and type of account. Some brokers may require a minimum of $500 or $1,000 to open a regular account, while others may not have any minimum balance requirement. It all depends on the institution and the account you select.
What is a taxable brokerage account?
A taxable brokerage account is a type of investment account funded with after-tax dollars, meaning the money you put in has already been taxed at your marginal tax rate. Capital gains tax is typically assessed on the profits you make when you sell an asset for more than you paid for it, and is based on how long you hold the asset.
If held for a year or less, short-term capital gains are taxed at your ordinary income tax rate; if held for more than a year, the profits are considered long-term capital gains and are taxed at a lower rate.
Additionally, any dividends or interest earned from your investments in the account are considered taxable income, and must be reported and taxed accordingly. To ensure you make the most informed decisions and minimize your tax liability, consult a financial professional or tax advisor before investing.
Reverse mortgage industry professionals have spoken for months about the consequences of high interest rates on their ability to pursue business, and now AARP has taken a closer look at the impacts.
While higher rates are bad news for the mortgage industry in a broad sense, the impact on reverse lending is more nuanced, Bruce Simmons of American Liberty Mortgage in the Denver area explained to AARP.
“If a reverse mortgage can help your situation, it still makes sense for a lot of people,” Simmons told the organization. “There are so many people who can benefit from this today, even with the rates the way they are.”
These sentiments echo what Simmons shared with RMD at the beginning of this year when asked about how business is progressing after the general tumult observed in 2023. Inconsistent interest rate forecasts have made things challenging in his business, but different kinds of marketing — including a refocusing exercise on his existing marketing efforts — have helped to improve things, Simmons told RMD in February.
But a rise in interest rates also impacts the amount of money owed on the negatively amortizing loan, observed Stephanie Moulton, a longtime reverse mortgage academic researcher from Ohio State University.
“It might accelerate the growth of the balance and reduce, potentially, the equity when your heirs go to sell the home, because your balance is going to grow faster,” she told AARP.
But the utility of eliminating a forward mortgage payment still has the potential to add value for reverse mortgage borrowers, along with a raft of disbursement options such as a standby line of credit or monthly term payments, Simmons added.
Bruce McClary, senior vice president of the National Foundation for Credit Counseling (NFCC) also shared that while reverse mortgages can add value for borrowers in certain situations, the fee structure of a home equity line of credit (HELOC) could potentially make more sense for some seniors. But certain situations may make a reverse mortgage a better idea for some individual borrowers.
“[It] depends on an individual’s capacity to borrow, the reasons for borrowing and what they’re going to use the money for,” McClary told AARP. “The answers will be different depending on people’s financial circumstances and their goals.”
Are you looking for ways to get paid to walk? Getting paid to walk is a side hustle with the benefits of getting daily exercise and even getting paid for it. There are tons of ways to get paid to walk including getting paid for steps, losing weight, and even picking up trash. I have…
Are you looking for ways to get paid to walk?
Getting paid to walk is a side hustle with the benefits of getting daily exercise and even getting paid for it. There are tons of ways to get paid to walk including getting paid for steps, losing weight, and even picking up trash.
I have personally been paid to walk, and it’s great!
How To Get Paid To Walk
Below are 19 ways to get paid to walk.
Recommended reading: 19 Ways To Get Paid To Workout
1. CashWalk
CashWalk is a free app that pays you to earn money just for running or walking outside or on a treadmill. You earn coins and can exchange them for gift cards to places like Amazon, Walmart, Apple, Starbucks, and more.
This pedometer app is designed to motivate you to achieve fitness goals and help build healthy exercise habits.
You won’t get rich with CashWalk, but it’s an easy way to make money by doing what you already do, which is walking.
You can sign up for CashWalk by clicking here. Also, you can get a free 100 points by using the referral code ESPU5.
2. Sweatcoin
Sweatcoin is a free app that helps motivate you to walk by rewarding your daily steps. This pedometer app only counts outdoor steps right from your phone (such as your iPhone or Android device), so if you’re a treadmill walker, those steps will not count in the app.
Once you accumulate enough coins, you can redeem them for products or donate to charity. The products that can be redeemed change regularly. You may see things such as Amazon credits, electronics, and other popular products. If you’re feeling generous, you can donate your earnings to charities like Save The Children, The African Wildlife Foundation, or Cancer Research.
3. Walk dogs
Rover is an app that connects you with pet owners who need help with pet sitting, dog walking, and drop-in visits. If you’re an animal lover, this is a great side hustle to try.
I was a Rover dog walker for several pet owners and it’s still one of my favorite side hustles to date. The app works on both Android and iOS devices.
How much money you earn on the Rover app varies on how many pets you’re walking, your experience, and what you set your rates at. Some pet sitters make $40,000 a year, while the top dog walkers in the field earn $100,000+. You can expect to earn between $15 and $25 per hour on Rover, with that rate being more depending on how many dogs you’re walking at one time.
Finding jobs is relatively easy because there are so many pet parents out there looking for a pet sitter or someone to walk their dog.
Click here to sign up for Rover.
Learn more at 7 Best Dog Walking Apps To Make Extra Money (another popular pet walking app that you can learn about is Wag!).
4. Get paid to pick up trash
A great way to help clean the environment, get exercise in, and get paid is by picking up trash. Many businesses want their property and parking lots to be clean so customers are shopping at a clean property.
Getting paid to pick up trash is a small business that you can start entirely on your own. Picking up trash can pay between $30-$50 an hour. There is a ton of trash to pick up in the world. Tools you will need include a broom, dustpan, and grabber tools.
You can learn more at Get Paid $30 – $50 Per Hour To Pick Up Trash.
5. Stepbet
Stepbet is a popular fitness app that pays you for walking. The app is user-friendly and even lets you connect your fitness tracker (such as your Fitbit, Google Fit, Samsung Health, or Apple Watch). Stepbet is a great way to stay motivated to complete your daily step goal and even get paid for doing this.
This is how the app works:
You choose a game to set your step goals
Bet a certain amount of money into the pot to join the game
If you meet the weekly step goal, you can split the pot with others who also completed their goals and get your bet back plus more.
6. HealthyWage
HealthyWage is a popular fitness app that pays you to lose weight. To get started, go to HealthyWage and enter how much weight you want to lose, how long you’ll have to complete the weight loss goal, and how much money you want to bet.
Let’s say I wanted to lose 30 pounds in 9 months or less and I bet $60 of my own money. The website shows my prize range would be between $588 and $1,116.
HealthyWage has weekly weigh-ins and support from other people who are also trying to lose weight. The purpose of HealthyWage is to motivate you to lose weight by using a financial incentive, which makes it more motivating to complete your weight loss goal.
7. DietBet
DietBet is a fun and unique app that makes fitness fun and motivating. DietBet works by you choosing a game/challenge to complete. For example, there are current weight loss challenges where you bet $40 and have to lose 10% of your body weight within 6 months to win the shared pot of money.
This is how it works:
You get started by choosing a challenge and betting money into the pot
Two days before the challenge begins, you must weigh in which involves taking two photos (one of you standing on the scale with lightweight clothing, and the second photo of the scale and weight)
The challenge will share how much weight you have to lose to win the pot of money at the end of the challenge.
8. Fit For Bucks
Fit For Bucks is an app that lets you earn rewards for being active. You can earn points by doing things like walking to the grocery store, hitting the gym, going for a hike, dancing, and more.
Rewards you can redeem include things like coffee, fitness classes, massages, haircuts, wine, and more. Using this app is a fantastic way to stay motivated to get more movement in while also getting rewarded for your hard work.
9. Charity Miles
Charity Miles is the app for you if you love giving back and being generous. Instead of giving rewards to you, the app lets you give your rewards to a charity of your choice. Every mile you walk earns a credit to be used as a donation to a charity.
One of my favorite charities, Save The Children, is on Charity Miles. So my daily walking that I already do helps me donate more money to my charity of choice.
10. Guided walking tours
If you’re an extrovert and have knowledge about your local town, you may want to become a walking tour guide. As a guided walking tour operator, you can create your own unique walking route and showcase special landmarks and sites to tourists. You must have in-depth knowledge of the area and provide excellent customer service.
I recommend researching what similar tours are charging to get an idea of what you should charge. You should also think about factors such as the duration of the tour, the experience you have, and any additional services you’ll include when deciding how much the walking tour will cost.
Having a website and/or social presence for your tour company is a great way to get new customers interested in your tours. Network with local hotels, travel websites, and tourism organizations to promote your tours. You may even want to offer a special discount or promotion to attract new customers.
11. Evidation
Evidation is an app that lets you earn points and rewards for actions like walking, sleeping, and more. Participating in this app helps contribute to research and new health findings that will benefit everyone.
For example, one of the current programs in the Evidation app gives you 300 points for joining a program focused on the flu. The app monitors your activity and can alert you when it sees a change that suggests you may be feeling under the weather.
You can connect all kinds of fitness electronics to the Evidation app, including but not limited to Fitbit, Garmin, Google Fit, and Dexcom.
12. MyWalgreens (Walgreens Balance Rewards)
MyWalgreens is a program run by Walgreens with the purpose of getting people to make healthier decisions.
You can earn points in the program by walking and tracking other fitness activities. You can even earn points for tracking your blood pressure, blood glucose, sleep, and other health markers.
13. Gigwalk
Gigwalk is an app that connects gig workers with quick tasks like going to a store, reviewing product displays, checking prices, availability of products, and conditions. You get to choose which gigs you choose and get to decide your schedule and how often you work.
Here’s how Gigwalk works:
First, you download the app on your phone.
Then, you look for gigs nearby.
Choose a gig that you like.
After you finish the job, you get paid.
Money is sent directly to your PayPal account and each gig pays differently. It typically can range anywhere from $3 to over $100 – the time to complete a gig can vary from 5 minutes to a few hours.
14. Runtopia
Runtopia pays you to get fit by providing a motivational incentive to get moving.
The app has benefits like letting you record activities with GPS, data analysis to improve your performance, connecting with friends, and getting rewarded for various activities.
15. PK Rewards
PK Rewards is an app that rewards you for tracking all kinds of workouts. Your workouts get converted into coins which can be redeemed for cool prizes from brands like Lululemon, Nike, Amazon, and more. You earn coins based on the effort you put in.
Workouts can include pretty much anything from going to the gym, cycling, dancing, walking, and more. You can set personal goals in the app, compete with friends, and track your progress all within the app. You can even see your effort over time as you use the app.
16. Instacart
Instacart is a platform that connects customers with Instacart Shoppers who grocery shop and deliver food to customers. This job requires a lot of walking and physical activity and allows you to control your schedule and how often you work.
Signing up to become an Instacart Shopper is straightforward. Download the Instacart Shopper app and apply as a Shopper. Once your application is accepted, you can use the app to find orders, pick an order you like, and go to the store and start grocery shopping for the customer. When you’re done grocery shopping, deliver the groceries to the customer.
You earn money with each delivery and the more you deliver, the more job opportunities you’ll have available. Giving great service to your customers can lead to better tips, so customer service is important.
You can click here to sign up to be an Instacart Shopper.
Learn more at Instacart Shopper Review: How much do Instacart Shoppers earn?
17. DoorDash
Working for DoorDash is an active gig job that requires you to deliver restaurant meals to customers. This side hustle can require a lot of walking and physical activity depending on how you’re delivering food. You may decide to deliver food by car or by bike.
The benefits of working for DoorDash include choosing the hours you work and deciding where you want to work. The app is user-friendly and allows you to take orders, where to go, and how to get there. Each delivery earns between $2-$10, plus tips.
Please click here to sign up for DoorDash.
18. Distribute flyers
A side hustle that requires a lot of walking is getting paid to distribute flyers. To find jobs distributing flyers, check online job platforms like Indeed or Craigslist, and also search for jobs in newspapers, and community bulletin boards. Search for jobs using the keywords “flyer distribution”, or “leaflet distribution”.
You can also create a profile on gig platforms like TaskRabbit, Gigwalk, or Thumbtack and post or search for flyer distribution jobs. Make sure to check local events, trade shows, and festivals as these events always need promotional material to be distributed.
Before accepting any jobs, make sure to clarify pay rates and the schedule from the employer. This job is likely going to take a lot of daily steps and physical activity.
19. Mystery shopping
Mystery shopping is a tool companies use to learn ways to improve their customer experience. Mystery shoppers can get jobs in person, online, or on the phone. Jobs are different and may require you to buy something, sit down at a restaurant and eat, or even get your hair done in a salon. If you are required to buy something, make sure to keep your receipts as you will need them to complete your questionnaire.
My sister was a mystery shopper and I got to go with her on one of her gigs. We got to visit a restaurant for free as long as she gave her honest opinion after. Mystery shopping also involves going to stores such as Best Buy, salons, car dealerships, movie theaters, makeup counters, and more.
BestMark is a popular mystery shopping website that connects you with opportunities to earn money while helping companies improve their customer service.
Recommended reading: How To Become A Mystery Shopper
Frequently Asked Questions
Below are answers to common questions about ways to get paid to walk.
Can I get paid for walking?
There are tons of ways to get paid for walking including via fitness apps like SweatCoin and CashWalk that reward you for meeting daily step goals or participating in walking challenges. Rewards include things like gift cards, discounts, cash, and free stuff.
Besides using fitness apps that reward you for walking, you can also make money walking by working as a gig worker for TaskRabbit and DoorDash. These jobs include tasks like delivering food, running errands, and other jobs that require walking.
One of my favorite ways to make money walking is working as a Rover dog walker. If you love spending time with animals, you should consider becoming a dog walker.
What is the best app that pays you to walk?
Many activity tracker apps pay you to walk and each has its pros and cons. The most popular walking apps include CashWalk, Sweatcoin, Charity Miles, and StepBet. Each of these apps is user-friendly, easy to use, and rewards people for their movement. You get to choose from many rewards including gift cards, fitness gear, or donating your money to the chosen charity of your choice.
Is Sweatcoin real money?
Sweatcoin is not real money, but instead digital currency used in the Sweatcoin app. Sweatcoin users earn Sweatcoins based on how much they walk per day. As you take steps, digital coins are accumulated and can be redeemed for different rewards in the app like products, services, and discounts.
Can you earn money with a Fitbit?
While you can’t earn any rewards or money on the Fitbit app, you can connect your Fitbit to fitness apps that reward you for daily movement. Programs and apps like MyWalgreens, StepBet, and others allow you to easily connect your Fitbit to the app.
Why do apps pay you to walk?
Apps pay users to walk because they make money from advertisements when users use their apps.
19 Ways To Get Paid To Walk – Summary
I hope you enjoyed this article on how to get paid to walk.
There are many ways to make extra money and get free stuff by walking, dancing, cycling, sleeping, and other health-related activities. Take advantage of these free apps and keep your motivation up by earning points and rewards toward free things like gift cards, fitness classes, food, and more.
The walking side hustles above have health benefits and even mental health positives, plus you may be able to earn an income, cash rewards, or even money for charity donations.
Have you ever tried any of these side hustles or walking apps that pay you for steps?
A 401(k) plan is a retirement savings plan in which employees contribute to a tax-deferred account via paycheck deductions (and often with an employer match). A pension plan is a different kind of retirement savings plan in which a company sets money aside to give to future retirees.
Over the past few decades, defined-contribution plans like the 401(k) have steadily replaced pension plans as the private-sector, employer-sponsored retirement plan of choice. While both a 401(k) plan and a pension plan are employer-sponsored retirement plans, there are some significant differences between the two.
Here’s what you need to know about a 401(k) vs. pension.
What Is the Difference Between a Pension and a 401(k)?
The main distinction between a 401(k) vs. a pension plan is that pension plans are largely employer driven, while 401(k)s are employee driven.
These are some of the key differences between the two plans.
Pension
401(k)
Funding
Typically funded by employers
Funded mainly by the employee; employer may offer a partial matching contribution
Contributions
No more than $275,000 in 2024 or 100% of employee’s average compensation for the highest 3 consecutive years
$23,000 ($30,500 for those 50 and up) for 2024. Contributions from employee and employer cannot exceed $69,000 (or $76,500 for those 50 and up) in 2024
Investments
Employers choose the investments for the plan
Employees choose the investments from a list of options
Value of the Plan
Set amount designed to be guaranteed for life
Determined by how much the employee contributes, the investments they make, and the performance of the investments
Funding
Employees typically fund 401(k) plans through regular contributions from their paychecks to help save for retirement, while employers typically fund pension plans.
Investments
Employees can choose investments (from several options) in their 401(k). Employers choose the investments that fund a pension plan.
Value
The value of a 401(k) plan at retirement depends on how much the employee has saved, in addition to the performance of the investments over time. Pensions, on the other hand, are designed to guarantee an employee a set amount of income for life. 💡 Quick Tip: The advantage of opening a Roth IRA and a tax-deferred account like a 401(k) or traditional IRA is that by the time you retire, you’ll have tax-free income from your Roth, and taxable income from the tax-deferred account. This can help with tax planning.
Pension Plan Overview
A pension plan is a type of retirement savings plan where an employer contributes funds to an investment account on behalf of their employees. The earnings are paid out to the employees once they retire.
Types of Pension Plans
There are two common types of pension plans:
• Defined-benefit pension plans, also known as traditional pension plans, are the most common type of pension plans. These employer-sponsored retirement investment plans are designed to guarantee the employee will receive a set benefit amount upon retirement (usually calculated with set parameters, i.e. employee earnings and years of service). Regardless of how the investment pool performs, the employer guarantees pension payments to the retired employee. If the plan assets aren’t enough to pay out to the employee, the employer is typically on the hook for the rest of the money.
According to the IRS, contributions to a defined-benefit pension plan cannot exceed 100% of the employee’s average compensation for the highest three consecutive calendar years of their employment or $265,000 for tax year 2023 and $275,000 for 2024.
• Defined-contribution pension plans are employer-sponsored retirement plans to which employers make plan contributions on their employee’s behalf and the benefit the employee receives is based solely on the performance of the investment pool. Meaning: There is no guarantee of a set monthly payout.
Like 401(k) plans, employees can contribute to these plans, and in some cases, employers match the contribution made by the employee. Unlike defined-benefit pension plans, however, the employee is not guaranteed a certain amount of money upon retirement. Instead, the employee receives a payout based on the performance of the investments in the fund.
Recommended: What Is a Money Purchase Pension Plan (MPPP)?
When it comes to pension plan withdrawals, employees who take out funds before the age of 59 ½ must pay a 10% early withdrawal penalty as well as standard income taxes. This is similar to the penalties and taxes associated with early withdrawal from a traditional 401(k) plan.
Pros and Cons
There are benefits to and drawbacks of pension plans. It’s important to understand both in order to maximize your participation in the plan.
Advantages of a pension plan include:
Funded by employers
For employees, a pension plan is retirement income from your employer. In most cases, an employee does not need to contribute to a defined-benefit pension plan in order to get consistent payouts upon retirement.
Higher contribution limits
When compared to 401(k)s, defined-contribution pension plans have significantly higher contribution limits and, as such, present an opportunity to set aside more money for retirement.
A set amount in retirement
A pension plan typically provides employees with regular fixed payments in retirement,usually for life.
Disadvantages of a pension plan include:
Lack of control
Employees can’t choose how the money in a pension plan is invested. If the investments don’t pan out, the plan could struggle to pay out the funds.
Vesting
Employees may need to work for the employer for a set number of years to become fully vested in the plan. If you leave the company before then, you might end up forfeiting the pension funds. Find out what the vesting schedule is for your pension plan.
Earnings and years employed
How much an employee gets in retirement with a pension plan generally depends on their salary and how long they work for the employer.
401(k) Overview
A traditional 401(k) plan is a tax-advantaged defined-contribution plan where workers contribute pre-tax dollars to the investment account via automatic payroll deductions. These contributions are sometimes fully or partially matched by their employers, and withdrawals are taxed at the participant’s marginal tax rate.
With a 401(k), employees and employers may both make contributions to the account (up to a certain IRS-established limit), but employees are responsible for selecting the specific investments. They can typically choose from offerings from the employer, which may include a mixture of stocks and bonds that vary in levels of risk depending on when they plan to retire.
Recommended: 401(a) vs 401(k): What’s the Difference?
Contribution Limits and Withdrawals
To account for inflation, the IRS periodically adjusts the maximum amount an employer or employee can contribute to a 401(k) plan.
• For 2024, annual employee contributions can’t exceed $23,000 for workers under 50, and $30,500 for workers 50 and older (this includes a $7,500 catch-up contribution). The total annual contribution by employer and employee in 2024 is capped at $69,000 for workers under 50, and $76,500 for workers 50 and over.
• For 2023, annual employee contributions can’t exceed $22,500 for workers under 50, and $30,000 for workers 50 and older (this includes a $7,500 catch-up contribution). The total annual contribution paid by employer and employee in 2023 is capped at $66,000 for workers under 50, and $73,500 for workers 50 and over.
Some plans allow employees to make additional after-tax contributions to their 401(k) plan, within the contribution limits outlined above.
• Money can be withdrawn from a 401(k) in retirement without penalties. But taxes will be owed on the funds withdrawn. The IRS considers the removal of 401(k) funds before the age of 59 ½ an “early withdrawal.” The penalty for removing funds before that time is an additional tax of 10% of the withdrawal amount (there are exceptions, notably a hardship distribution, where plan participants can withdraw funds early to cover “immediate and heavy financial need”).
Pros and Cons
While a 401(k) plan might not offer as clearly-defined a retirement savings picture as a pension plan, it still comes with a number of upsides for participants who want a more active role in their retirement investments.
Advantages of a 401(k) include:
Self-directed investment opportunities
Unlike employer-directed pension plans, in which the employee has no say in the investment strategy, 401(k) plans offer participants more control over how much they invest and where the money goes (within parameters set by their employer). Plans typically offer a selection of investment options, including mutual funds, individual stocks and bonds, exchange traded funds (ETFs).
Tax advantages
Contributions to a 401(k) come from pre-tax dollars through payroll deductions, reducing the gross income of the participant, which may allow them to pay less in income taxes. Also, 401(k) contributions and earnings in the plan may grow tax-deferred.
Employer matching
Many 401(k) plan participants are eligible for an employer match up to a certain amount, which essentially means free money.
Disadvantages of a 401(k) include:
No guaranteed amount in retirement
How much you have in your 401(k) by retirement depends on how much you contributed to the plan, whether your employer offered matching funds, and how the investments you chose fared.
Contributions are capped
The amount you can contribute to a 401(k) annually is capped by the IRS, as described above.
Less stability
How the market performs generally affects the performance of 401(k) investments. That could make it difficult to know how much money you’ll have for retirement, which could complicate retirement planning. 💡 Quick Tip: Before opening an investment account, know your investment objectives, time horizon, and risk tolerance. These fundamentals will help keep your strategy on track and with the aim of meeting your goals.
Which Is Better, a 401(k) or a Pension Plan?
When considering a 401(k) vs. pension, most people prefer the certainty that comes with a pension plan.
But for those who seek more control over their retirement savings and more investment vehicles to choose from, a 401(k) plan could be the more advantageous option.
In the case of the 401(k), it really depends on how well the investments perform over time. Without the safety net of guaranteed income that comes with a pension plan, a poorly performing 401(k) plan has a direct effect on a retiree’s nest egg.
Did 401(k)s Replace Pension Plans?
The percentage of private sector employees whose only retirement account is a defined benefit pension plan is just 4% today, versus 60% in the early 1980s. The majority of private sector companies stopped funding traditional pension plans in the last few decades, freezing the plans and shifting to defined-contribution plans like 401(k)s.
When a pension fund isn’t full enough to distribute promised payouts, the company still needs to distribute that money to plan participants. In several instances in recent decades, pension fund deficits for large enterprises like airlines and steel makers were so enormous they required government bailouts.
To avoid situations like this, many of today’s employers have shifted the burden of retirement funding to their workers.
What Happens to a 401(k) or Pension Plan If You Leave Your Job?
With a 401(k), if you leave your job, you can take your 401(k) with you by rolling it over to your new employer’s 401(k) plan or into an IRA. The process is fairly easy to do.
If you leave your job and you have a pension plan, however, the plan generally stays with your employer. You’ll need to keep track of it through the years and then apply in retirement to begin receiving your money.
The Takeaway
Pension plans are employer-sponsored, employer-funded retirement plans that are designed to guarantee a set income to participants for life. On the other hand, 401(k) accounts are employer-sponsored retirement plans through which employees make their own investment decisions and, in some cases, receive an employer match in funds. The post-retirement payout varies depending on market fluctuations.
While pension plans are far more rare today than they were in the past, if you have worked at a company that offers one, that money will still come to you after retirement even if you change jobs, as long as you stayed with the company long enough for your benefits to vest.
Some people have both pensions and 401(k) plans, but there are also other ways to take an active role in saving for retirement. An IRA is an alternative to 401(k) and pension plans that allows anyone to open a retirement savings account. IRAs have lower contribution limits but a larger selection of investments to choose from. And it’s possible to have an IRA in addition to a 401(k) or pension plan.
Ready to invest for your retirement? It’s easy to get started when you open a traditional or Roth IRA with SoFi. SoFi doesn’t charge commissions, but other fees apply (full fee disclosure here).
Easily manage your retirement savings with a SoFi IRA.
FAQ
Can you have both a 401(k) and a pension plan?
Yes. An individual can have both a pension plan and a 401(k) plan, though the two plans may not be from the same employer. If an employee leaves a company after becoming eligible for a pension and opens a 401(k) with a new employer, their previous employer will still typically maintain their pension. An employee can access the pension funds by applying for them in retirement.
How much should I put in my 401k if I have a pension?
If you have both a pension and a 401(k), it’s wise to contribute as much as you can to your 401(k) up to the annual contribution limit. While a pension can help supplement your retirement income, it may not be enough to cover all your retirement expenses, so contributing to your 401(k) can help fill the gap. One rule of thumb says to contribute at least 10% of your salary to a 401(k) if possible to help ensure that you’ll have enough savings for retirement.
Photo credit: iStock/Sam Edwards
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Building equity is one of the biggest advantages of owning a home. With a home equity loan or home equity line of credit (HELOC), you can take advantage of that equity to finance home improvements, consolidate debt or pay for other big expenses.
While getting home equity financing is a fairly simple process, it’s important to review the details before applying. Lenders have standard criteria that homeowners must follow to qualify for either loan, as well as their own specific requirements. Make sure to compare different lenders and take a look at the requirements before applying.
Below, we’ll cover the general criteria for home equity loans and HELOCs as well as more on how to choose the right financing option for you.
How do home equity loans and HELOCs work?
Home equity loans and HELOCs are secured loans that act as second mortgages. Both use your property as collateral for the debt.
With a home equity loan, you get access to a lump sum of cash upfront and pay it back over a period of five to 30 years at a fixed interest rate.
A HELOC is an ongoing line of credit from which you can withdraw funds as needed. With a HELOC, you have the draw period and the repayment period. During the draw period (typically 10 years), you can borrow money on a revolving basis, up to a limit, and you’ll typically pay interest only on what you’ve borrowed. During the repayment period (often 20 years), you’ll pay back both the principal and interest on the loan.
Both are good options for homeowners in need of access to cash, but there’s always a risk when you borrow against your home. If you default on your payments, you run the risk of losing your property.
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Requirements to borrow home equity
The requirements to qualify for either a home equity loan or HELOC are similar. Although each lender has its own qualifications, the following checklist provides general criteria to help you get started.
1. Have at least 15% to 20% equity in your home
Home equity refers to the ownership stake in your home. Your equity is calculated by the amount of your down payment together with all the mortgage payments you’ve already made. With each mortgage payment you make, the less you owe on your home and the more equity you have. If an appraisal increase the value of the home, that will also yield more equity.
Most lenders require you to have at least 15% to 20% equity in your home to take out a home equity loan or HELOC. If you made a 20% down payment when you purchased your property, you’ll have already met the requirement to borrow against your equity.
2. Your loan-to-value ratio shouldn’t exceed 80%
Your loan-to-value ratio, or LTV, is another factor lenders consider when deciding whether to approve you for a home equity loan or HELOC. Your LTV is determined by dividing your current mortgage balance by the home’s appraised value. Having a lower LTV means less risk for mortgage lenders.
If your home is worth $300,000 and your loan balance is $200,000, here’s how you’d calculate your LTV:
$200,000 / $300,000 = 0.67
Your LTV is expressed as a percentage. In this example, your LTV is 67%, meaning you have 33% equity in your home.
While requirements can vary across lenders, the rule of thumb is that your LTV shouldn’t exceed 80%. Making a higher down payment and paying down your mortgage are two ways to lower your LTV.
3. Have a credit score in the mid-600s or higher
Most lenders want to see a minimum credit score of 620 in order to qualify for a home equity loan or HELOC.
Lenders use your credit score to determine the likelihood that you’ll repay the loan on time, so a better score will improve your chances of getting approved for a loan with better terms. A higher credit score of 700 or more will make you eligible for a loan at a lower interest rate, which will save you a substantial amount of money over the life of the loan.
4. Your debt level shouldn’t exceed 43%
Your debt level is determined by your debt-to-income ratio, which is your monthly debt payments divided by your gross monthly income. Your DTI ratio helps lenders determine if you’re capable of paying back your loan on time and of making consistent monthly payments.
To calculate DTI, lenders tally the total monthly payment for the house — mortgage principal, interest, taxes, homeowners insurance, direct liens and homeowner association dues — and any other outstanding debt. That total debt is then divided by your monthly gross income to get your DTI ratio.
Some lenders prefer that your monthly debts don’t exceed 36% of your gross monthly income, but many others are willing to go as high as 43%. If your DTI ratio is higher than 43%, consider paying down your debts first to lower your DTI.
5. Have sufficient income
Lenders want to make sure that you can pay back the loan, so they’ll lend only to those who can prove sufficient income. If you don’t have traditional employment or a stable source of income, you may have trouble qualifying for a home equity loan or HELOC.
How much can you borrow with a home equity loan or HELOC?
The more equity you have in your home, the more you’re eligible to borrow. In general, you can borrow around 80% to 85% of the equity in your home, minus your current mortgage balance.
You can determine how much money you’ll be able to obtain from a home equity loan by starting with the current value of the home. If, for example, your home is worth $300,000 and a bank lender allows you to borrow up to 80% of the value of your home, you simply multiply the two values to get the maximum amount you can borrow, which is $240,000.
$300,000 x 0.8 = $240,000
But if you have a balance on your mortgage of $200,000, you need to subtract it from the $240,000 maximum the bank will let you borrow.
$240,000 – $200,000 = $40,000
That means you can borrow $40,000 for a home equity loan or HELOC.
Should you get a home equity loan or a HELOC?
Home equity loans and HELOCs can be used for similar purposes, but they have some important differences. Neither product is better than the other, so consider your own expenses and goals.
If you need to fund a single project with a set cost, a home equity loan may be the better option, especially if the predictability of a fixed interest rate and monthly payment appeals to you. A HELOC may make more sense if you want flexible access to funds over a long period of time rather than an upfront sum of cash.
You should get a HELOC if:
You need access to credit for an extended period of time. HELOCs have a draw period that typically last five to 10 years.
You need more time to repay the loan amount. The repayment period for HELOCs ranges from 10 to 20 years.
You aren’t sure how much money you’ll need. HELOCs give you the flexibility to withdraw money in installments and not all at once. During the draw period, you can borrow up to a limit as many times as you like, and only pay interest on what you borrow. This makes HELOCs a good option for managing variable or unpredictable costs.
You should get a home equity loan if:
Your want a predictable monthly repayment schedule. Unlike variable-rate HELOCs, home equity loans have fixed interest rates, making it relatively easy to factor into your monthly budget.
You have a specific expense in mind. You receive 100% of the funds from a home equity loan upfront, which can be useful if you need a set amount of cash to cover a home improvement project, pay off high-interest debt or another need.
Alternatives to home equity loans and HELOCs
A home equity loan or HELOC can be a good way to fund large expenses, but there are other financing options that may be a better fit for your situation. Some alternatives you may want to consider include:
A cash-out refinance. With a cash-out refinance, you are cashing out the equity you’ve built in your home over the years. You replace your existing mortgage with a new, larger one and pocket the difference as cash. The money you borrow is rolled into your new mortgage, so you’ll have only one monthly payment. A cash-out refinance is a good option if you can get a better rate than the one on your existing mortgage.
A personal loan. If you need to borrow only a small amount of money, a personal loan might be a better fit than a home equity loan or HELOC. The interest rate will typically be higher and the loan term shorter, but it’s less risky because it’s an unsecured loan. Plus, you won’t have to go through a home appraisal or pay closing costs.
A balance transfer credit card. If the main reason you’re looking to take out a loan is to consolidate other high-interest debt, balance transfer credit cards let you combine your debts into one card that has a long 0% APR introductory period. If you can pay off the debt before the 0% introductory period ends, you’ll get rid of your debt faster. Just be sure to plan ahead carefully: If you’re still carrying a balance by the end of the introductory period, you’ll be charged the regular credit card APR, which can be high.
The bottom line
A home equity loan and HELOC are two ways you can tap into the equity of your home. To qualify for either loan with reasonable terms, you should have at least 15% to 20% equity in your home, a LTV ratio of 80% or lower, a credit score of at least 620 (the higher, the better) and a DTI ratio no higher than 43%.
Though specific qualifications vary between lenders, make sure you have a reliable payment history and source of income to be eligible for a home equity loan or HELOC.
FAQs
Some lenders will provide a home equity loan or HELOC if you don’t have a job or are retired, but instead have regular income from a retirement account such as a pension. The income can also come from a spouse or partner’s employer, government assistance or alimony.
Lenders are typically seeking at least 15% to 20% equity in your home in order to qualify for a home equity loan or HELOC. However, some lenders will allow you to borrow with less equity.
Minimum credit scores vary from lender to lender, but most require you to have at least a 620 credit score. You’ll have a better chance of qualifying and getting access to lower interest rates if your credit score is 700 or above.
You can improve your credit score before you apply for a home equity loan by making payments on time, paying down the amount that’s owed on credit cards and avoiding taking out any new loans or making any major purchases.
If you’re thinking about refinancing your home loan or paying off your mortgage early, you might request a mortgage payoff statement. The amount due on this document is likely to be different from your current balance because it includes interest owed until the payoff date and any fees due.
Read on to learn more about what a mortgage payoff statement or letter is and when you might need one.
What Is a Mortgage Payoff Statement?
Starting with mortgage basics, a mortgage is a loan used to purchase different types of real estate, including a primary home. A bank or other lender agrees to lend money, which the borrower commits to pay back monthly for a set period of time and with interest.
The different types of mortgage loans include conventional and government-insured mortgages and reverse mortgages.
There are jumbo loans, which exceed the dollar limits set by the Federal Housing Finance Agency, and home equity loans.
Say you have a mortgage and want to know exactly how much you’d need to pay to satisfy the loan. A mortgage payoff letter will tell you that magic number. Unlike your current balance, the payoff amount includes interest owed up to the day you intend to pay off the loan. It may also include fees that you’re on the hook for and haven’t paid yet.
Your monthly mortgage statement, on the other hand, only shows your loan balance and the amount due for your next monthly payment. 💡 Quick Tip: You’ve found an award-winning home. Enjoy an award-winning mortgage experience, too. SoFi has knowledgeable Mortgage Loan Officers to guide you through the process.
How Does a Mortgage Payoff Statement Work?
You can request a payoff statement from your loan servicer at any time. Note: Your mortgage servicer may be different from your lender. The company that manages your loan handles billing, accepts loan payments, keeps track of your principal and interest, and fields questions from borrowers.
You may request a payoff statement for any type of loan, including mortgages, student loans, personal loans, and auto loans. However, if you need your mortgage payoff statement, go to your mortgage servicer directly. The name and contact information of your mortgage servicer is included in your monthly statements.
When you make the request from the company that handles your mortgage servicing, you’ll need to provide the following details:
• Your name
• Address
• Phone number
• Your loan number
• The date you want your payoff to be effective if you’re seeking to pay off your mortgage early.
Asking for a payoff statement does not necessarily mean that you intend to pay off your loan immediately. You may simply be determining whether or not paying off your mortgage early is feasible, for example. The request itself does not initiate the prepayment process.
Traditional lenders, such as brick-and-mortar banks, may mail you a paper mortgage payoff statement. Online lenders may send a payoff statement online.
Recommended: 5 Tips for Finding a Mortgage Lender
What Information Do Mortgage Payoff Letters Contain?
All mortgage payoff letters tend to contain similar information, including:
• Payoff amount: The amount of money that would satisfy the loan.
• Expiration date: The date through which the payoff amount is valid. The letter may also include an adjusted amount should you pay before or after the expiration date.
• Payment information: The letter will also usually tell you who to make the final check out to and where to mail it.
• Additional charges: You will be alerted to any additional fees and charges that you’ll need to include.
💡 Quick Tip: Your parents or grandparents probably got mortgages for 30 years. But these days, you can get them for 20, 15, or 10 years — and pay less interest over the life of the loan.
Do You Need a Mortgage Payoff Statement?
There are a few common situations in which you might need a payoff statement.
• Refinancing a mortgage: When you refinance your mortgage, your chosen lender pays off your old home loan with a new one, preferably with a lower interest rate and possibly a new term. When you seek to refinance, your new lender may ask you to provide a payoff statement on your current loan.
• Prepaying a mortgage: It’s possible to pay off a mortgage early. A payoff statement will show you exactly how much you’d need to pay to do so. Most prepayment penalties for residential home loans that originated after January 10, 2014, are prohibited. Still, check before you decide to prepay.
• Working with a debt relief company: If you’re having trouble managing your debts, you’ve fallen behind on payments, or you otherwise need mortgage relief, you may choose to work with a debt relief company that can help negotiate with your lenders. The company will need to see payoff statements to get an idea of the scope of your debt.
• Collections and liens: A lender might send you a payoff statement if you’ve fallen behind on your payments and they are sending your debt to a collection agency. In this case, the payoff statement may tell you how much you need to pay to stop the collection action.
If your lender decides to seize your home to recoup unpaid mortgage payments, they may place a lien on the property. They may send a payoff statement that alerts you that your property will be seized if the specified amount isn’t paid in full.
There are other ways to figure out how much you owe on your mortgage loan. You can talk to your lender and ask for a verbal payoff quote. This will provide an estimate, but understand that it is not a legal agreement and isn’t binding.
The Takeaway
If you have a home loan, you may want to request a mortgage payoff statement, especially if you’re thinking about refinancing or paying off your mortgage early. Requesting the mortgage payoff letter does not initiate any formal processes, so it’s fine to think of it as an information-gathering exercise.
Looking for an affordable option for a home mortgage loan? SoFi can help: We offer low down payments (as little as 3% – 5%*) with our competitive and flexible home mortgage loans. Plus, applying is extra convenient: It’s online, with access to one-on-one help.
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FAQ
How do I get my mortgage payoff statement?
Contact your loan servicer to request your mortgage payoff statement.
When should I get my mortgage payoff statement?
Request your mortgage payoff statement when planning to prepay your mortgage, refinance, or consolidate debt.
How long does it take to get a mortgage payoff statement?
Generally speaking, you should receive your mortgage payoff statement within seven business days of your request.
Photo credit: iStock/Vadym Pastukh
*SoFi requires Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) for conforming home loans with a loan-to-value (LTV) ratio greater than 80%. As little as 3% down payments are for qualifying first-time homebuyers only. 5% minimum applies to other borrowers. Other loan types may require different fees or insurance (e.g., VA funding fee, FHA Mortgage Insurance Premiums, etc.). Loan requirements may vary depending on your down payment amount, and minimum down payment varies by loan type.
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Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
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