The latest annual report from The Counselors of Real Estate highlights 10 major issues expected to impact the housing industry in 2024, but developers are painfully familiar with at least two of them: labor shortages and skyrocketing capital costs.
Today’s market conditions help illustrate the case for green, factory building as an effective solution for developers, especially for those who’ve put projects on hold due to rising interest rates and dried up investor pools. Transitioning to factory building from on-site construction reduces building costs by 20% and significantly improves delivery time; and by using green materials, developers can open up new financing options that, together, turn project economics right-side-up.
Addressing a dwindling workforce and increased labor costs
The United States construction industry is facing an extreme labor shortage, falling short of roughly 650,000 workers needed to drive the completion of critical residential and infrastructure projects across the country. The root cause of this shortage is multifaceted – but is largely driven by an aging work population and a lack of interest from young talent. The result is a sharp increase in labor costs, and longer construction times. U.S. developers spent an extra $30 billion to $40 billion in 2022, drastically impacting bottom lines and the ability to get new projects financed. And the problem is only getting worse.
Factory-built homes aren’t new but are severely under leveraged by developers for multi-family construction. For one, factory-based construction reduces labor costs by making work more efficient and tapping into labor pools that traditional construction can’t access. Traditional construction requires workers to move from house to house and project to project – and less time actually building. And the itinerant nature of the work makes it unattractive to a large part of the workforce.
Good factory builders, on the other hand, operate like car production lines, where the structure moves to the workers who are specialized and stationary. Those workers produce more per labor hour, which means less labor cost per square foot of structures built. And, because the work is done in one place and in more pleasant and controlled factory conditions, it is easier to attract talent, particularly people who might not usually consider construction as a profession, such as women and younger workers.
Time is also money. Factory building doesn’t just provide a developer with confidence in delivery timelines by avoiding inclement weather or scheduling delays; it can also cut build times and skilled labor hours by up to 50%. Shortening the build time means less project overhead, and less interest carry. Those are savings that go straight to a developer’s returns.
Green isn’t just the color of money – it’s the source of untapped funding
In addition to higher costs of development, projects are also sidelined because of reduced availability of bank financing, higher interest rates and investors unwilling to pick up the slack. Just a few years ago, a developer could borrow up to 80 percent of a project cost, but in today’s economic environment, only 50-60 percent of a project is likely to be financed – leaving a significant gap. Here, too, green factory building can be a solution. Energy efficient homes open the door to new and better financing options.
There are innovative factory-based builders who use materials and assembly methods that allow for significant energy savings that will endure for the life of the home or building. The energy efficiency of this type of construction makes it eligible for “green” financing. Green bonds, for example, are earmarked to raise money for climate and environmental projects, and they enable sustainably minded investors to fill the gap that traditional investors have left.
By reducing the total cost of a project with labor and materials savings and then adding better financing options, a developer can get back to delivering projects that meet financial objectives. For example, consider a project with a total cost of $50M. With traditional onsite construction and today’s capital costs, this project may only deliver an unattractive 15% IRR. But consider a scenario where factory-based construction allows a developer to reduce the total cost of the project by 10% or more and also access green financing to cover upwards of 30% – that same project could be delivering an IRR greater than 30%.
Given market conditions, it’s no surprise that multifamily construction starts are down substantially– but not for lack of demand: there’s an estimated deficit of 3.8M homes across the U.S. In other words, opportunity is knocking for developers who can structure economically viable projects. With the right factory-based, sustainable builder, it’s possible to get back to strong IRRs and sustainable profits.
Chris Anderson is the CEO of Vantem.
This column does not necessarily reflect the opinion of HousingWire’s editorial department and its owners.
To contact the editor responsible for this piece: [email protected]
Hey, there is plenty of competition among lenders and among vendors. But, to the best of my knowledge, vendors and lenders aren’t doing this to one another. “There oughta be a law against it!” At the MBA Secondary Conference last week, MBA CEO Bob Broeksmit railed about the regulatory knots that bind the mortgage industry. Attorney Brian Levy agrees that’s a big problem, but disagrees with Bob’s solution in his Mortgage Musings. (Levy also gives some more thoughts on the CFPB funding case.) Regulations, and complying with them, certainly add to the cost of home loans, which in turn are passed onto borrowers of course. For lenders, cutting costs is a full-time gig. The biggest cost, of course, is personnel and LO comp, usually for several thousand dollars per loan. Of course, business models factor into it… How do you produce a loan? What about orginators who aren’t productive? Paying producers who do one loan a quarter… The money has to come from somewhere. (Found here, this week’s podcasts are sponsored by American Financial Resources, the mortgage lender that’s shaking things up by streamlining processes, bringing on the best humans in the business, and putting the customer experience front and center. Hear an interview with Angel Oak’s Tom Hutchens on how loan originators can navigate a competitive market with the increasing demand for niche products like non-QM loans and bank statement HELOCs.)
Training, Products, and Software
“In the movie ‘The Matrix,’ Trinity reminded Keanu Reeves’ character, ‘The answer is out there, Neo, and it’s looking for you, and it will find you if you want it to.’ Chances are she was not talking about MSR valuations, but we are. This is your sign to unlock the “MSR Matrix,” and join Optimal Blue on June 5 at 1 p.m. CT for our MSR 101: How to Value the MSR Asset webinar. MSR experts Vimi Vasudeva, Brad Eskridge, and Tony Paciente will discuss the different assumptions that factor into MSR valuations and how MSR assets can help you optimize profitability. Attendees will gain a thorough understanding of the asset from a valuation perspective, along with the differences between various valuation approaches. It’s time to optimize your MSR assets and retain the most profitable loans in your pipeline. Don’t be a glitch: register for the webinar today!”
The Base Rate Generator is a tool that helps mortgage lenders generate rate sheets in their pricing engine using back-end pricing. It’s as simple as going to the rate sheet tab in MCTlive! and clicking Generate.” In this latest video, MCT’s Director of Product & Pricing, Luke Chang, describes key features of the Base Rate Generator, including specs being passed through the aggregator rate sheet, the best execution process, and advanced granularity benefits. By combining live agency API connections, co-issue executions, aggregator pricing, and custom TBA indications, the MCT Base Rate Generator allows mortgage lenders to improve margin management and competitive performance. Originators interested in learning more about the industry-first features included in Base Rate Generator should register for the upcoming webinar on June 4th.
Vaporware. That’s when you’re sold software that doesn’t end up delivering a fraction of what was promised. Want to supercharge your LOS with software that delivers? Read these reviews on the ICE Mortgage Technology™ Marketplace.
Compliance Experts Report on Q2 2024 Mortgage Compliance Outlook! Join ACES Quality Management’s EVP of Compliance, Mandy Phillips and Ballard Spahr’s Richard J. Andreano, as they share their expert knowledge on the hot topics of mortgage compliance. on June 6th at 11:00AM PDT as they discuss the Supreme Court update and Townstone, FTC banning of non-compete agreements, CFPB view of UDAAP abusive prong, and a Fair lending update. Reserve your spot.
Conventional Conforming Pricing and Processing Changes
Fannie Mae updated Selling and Servicing Guide pages. All topics have new URLs, with temporary redirects in place until January 2025. To avoid disruptions, please update your bookmarked links as soon as possible.
Fannie Mae posted the May Appraiser Quality Monitoring (AQM) list to Fannie Mae Connect. The monthly list will also be available on the AQM page through July 30, 2024, when Fannie Mae Connect will be required for viewing.
On May 19, the 2024 area median incomes (AMIs) were implemented in Desktop Underwriter® (DU®), Loan Delivery, and the Area Median Income Lookup Tool. At a FIPS-level, 79.6 percent of AMIs increased for 2024, meaning more borrowers may meet AMI requirements. AMI is also used to determine eligibility for certain loan-level price adjustment (LLPA) waivers. Lenders may use this information to determine income eligibility for HomeReady and other loans with AMI requirements. Read the Fannie Mae Selling Notice for additional information.
Pennymac Announcement 24-52 describes Conventional LLPAs update effective for all Best Efforts Commitments taken on or after Friday, May 24, 2024.
AmeriHome Mortgage posted a reminder in 20240513-CL Product Announcement as to the GSEs recently published policy updates related to property insurance requirements. Sellers are reminded that these changes are effective for all Mortgage Loan applications taken on or after June 1, 2024, but are encouraged to implement these changes earlier.
Second Mortgage Programs
The word during the recent capital markets conference was that investors and large lenders will continue to rollout HELOC and 2nd mortgage products. There’s so much equity out there! For example…
Closed-End Seconds (Fixed Rate Home Equity Seconds) are available through Pennymac TPO. While the Pennymac Correspondent Group (PCG) does not currently offer the product, approved PCG clients are eligible to obtain it through its wholesale division, Pennymac TPO. PCG stated they are seeing rates for Fixed Rate Home Equity Seconds mostly in the 8.5-9.5 percent range while they offer a dedicated rate sheet specific to second mortgages that does not expose pricing on other products. Guidelines are straightforward and an appraisal is not required in many cases. You can sign up to broker the product in a few simple steps. Login to P3 for more information.
Recently, Plaza Home Mortgage® rolled out a new program that can significantly benefit your borrowers. Plaza’s Closed-End Seconds program is tailored to help borrowers tap into their property’s equity without affecting their existing first mortgage offering substantial cash-out potential, providing your borrowers with the means to enhance their financial stability. Please note, this program is available in all states except Texas.
Capital Markets
Fixed-income security prices, and therefore interest rates, are driven by supply and demand. The main news this week as far as capital markets staff are concerned has been lackluster sales of new Treasury notes and bonds. Tuesday brought a lousy bond auction of 5-year notes, which sent the 10-year yield back above 4.5 percent. The U.S. Treasury completed this week’s note auction slate yesterday with a poorly received $44 billion 7-year note offering, which pushed the 10-year yield to a monthly high at 4.64 percent.
Like Tuesday’s 5-year auction, the 7-year auction tailed 1.3 basis points, which means that the buyers who barely got the bonds paid much less than the others, a sign of weak demand. As a quick reminder, a “tail” is the difference between the average price and the cut-off price (the lowest price that a bond is sold for). Put another way, a tail indicates a difference between the yield in the auction and the yield in pre-auction trading, meaning that the Treasury had to offer a premium to entice investors to buy the debt.
Both the weak demand for Treasuries and hawkish Fed “speak” this week has forced investors to pivot toward “risk-off” mode, which has pushed rates higher. Yesterday traders also sifted through the Fed’s latest Beige Book, which said economic activity continued expanding from April to mid-May at an uneven pace with most Districts reporting slight or modest growth. Retail spending was little changed while auto sales were also essentially flat. Travel and tourism improved while demand for non-financial services also grew. Lending growth remained constrained by high rates and tight standards, though housing demand rose modestly. The release comes on the heels of Minneapolis Fed President Kashkari saying earlier in the week that Fed policymakers haven’t entirely ruled out rate hikes.
Mortgage rates certainly impact overall origination volume. If you recall, we learned last week that existing home sales fell 1.9 percent in April as higher mortgage rates reduced demand and forced some potential buyers to the sidelines. Supply grew to 3.4 months’ worth over the course of the month, which is up from 3.0 months’ in February. New home sales fell 4.7 percent during the month and new home supply was up to 9.1 months.
Anecdotal data suggest that builders have once again stepped up their use of incentives and interest rate buydowns to lure buyers back to the market. That comes as messaging from the Fed continues to reiterate the “higher for longer” mantra, as it is taking longer than anticipated for FOMC members to gain confidence that inflation is on a sure path to two percent. If there is a rate cut this year, it will likely not be until the fourth quarter.
The second look at Q1 GDP (+1.3 percent) kicked off today’s economic calendar. Real GDP growth in the first quarter of 2024 was expected to be revised lower to 1.4 percent in the second estimate’s release, from 1.6 percent originally, reflecting downward revisions to consumer spending. The GDP Price Index was +3.0 percent on an annualized basis, slightly lower than expected. Core PCE was +3.6 percent, as expected. Initial Jobless Claims were +219k, also about as expected. Overall, there were no surprises.
Later today brings the Pending Home Sales Index for April, Freddie Mac’s Primary Mortgage Market Survey, and two Fed speakers are currently scheduled: New York President Williams and Dallas President Logan. We begin the day with Agency MBS prices slightly better than Wednesday’s close, the 10-year yielding 4.59 after closing yesterday at 4.62 percent, and the 2-year at 4.95.
Employment
In the Northwest and California, Banner Bank is searching for Mortgage Loan Officers looking to create lasting Realtor and builder relationships at a bank focused on the market today. Banner has opportunities for lenders looking for local decision making with FHA, VA, USDA, state bond and true Portfolio lending opportunities along with servicing retained Fannie and Freddie loans to assist in client retention. Additional highlighted products cover CRA lending with private label no payment down payment assistance to help assist all borrowers with the right opportunity. Banner is the right fit for an established team, or the individual looking to grow their business and take the next step in their career. Please send resumes to Aaron Miller.
Kind Lending appointed 40-year industry vet Tammy Richards as its new Chief Operating Officer. (She remains the CEO of LendArch, a consulting firm she founded in 2021.) Tammy will “leverage her deep industry expertise and proven history of success to oversee all operational aspects of the company. Her focus will be on scaling Kind Lending’s infrastructure and processes to support its rapid growth while ensuring the company upholds its commitment to social impact.”
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Raising the minimum wage is a hot-button issue, politically speaking — and rightly so, as it has a real impact on everybody’s finances. So what are the pros and cons of raising the minimum wage?
Raising the minimum wage could have immediate effects on the lives of low-wage hourly workers by helping them to move out of poverty and keep up with inflation. Some economists argue that other pros of raising the minimum wage could include increased consumer spending, reduced government assistance (and increased tax revenue), and stronger employee retention and morale.
Alternatively, other financial experts point to the cons of raising the minimum wage, including potentially increasing the cost of living, reducing opportunities for inexperienced workers, and triggering more unemployment.
Learn more here, including:
• What is the federal minimum wage?
• What is the purpose of the minimum wage?
• What are the pros and cons of raising the minimum wage?
• What are the likely effects of raising the minimum wage?
What Is the Federal Minimum Wage in 2023?
The federal minimum wage in 2023 is $7.25 per hour. The last time that minimum wage increased was on July 24, 2009, when it grew $0.70 from $6.55 an hour. This was part of a three-phased increase enacted by Congress in 2007.
It’s worth noting that tipped employees (say, waiters) have a different rate. The current federal tipped minimum wage is $2.13, as long as the worker’s tips make up the difference between that and the standard minimum wage. Some states have their own minimum wage laws with a higher (or lower) starting wage than the federal minimum. In such states, employers must pay out the higher of the two minimum wages.
Here are some minimum wage fast facts:
• The highest current minimum wage is in Washington, D.C., where it is $16.10 — and will go up to $17.00 on July 1, 2023.
• According to a 2022 Oxfam American report, 51.9 million US workers, or a little less than a third of the workforce, make less than $15 per hour, and many are making the federal minimum wage of $7.25 per hour or less.
• While the minimum wage has been stagnant since 2009, inflation has not. The spending power of $7.25 in 2009 is equivalent to $10.11 in 2023. This means that $7.25 can buy today about 7!5 of what it could buy in 2009.
Recommended: 7 Factors That Cause Inflation
What Is the Purpose of the Minimum Wage?
So why was the minimum wage originally created? The minimum wage was an idea that gained traction during the Great Depression era. During that time, President Franklin D. Roosevelt worked with Congress to pass the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, which officially established the minimum wage. Even then, politicians bickered over the hourly rate and potential impacts on the economy, and the final legislation (25 cents an hour) was not what FDR originally had in mind.
Regardless of the final number that Congress landed on, FDR’s vision for this minimum wage law was to “end starvation wages and intolerable hours,” according to the Department of Labor. The Legal Information Institute of Cornell Law School paints an even clearer picture: “The minimum wage was designed to create a minimum standard of living to protect the health and well-being of employees.”
In short, early proponents of the minimum wage legislation intended for it to be a living wage. And as the Kenan Institute of Private Enterprise points out, in today’s economy, “there is a stark difference between the federal minimum wage and a living wage.”
Recommend: Salary vs. Hourly Pay
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Benefits of Raising the Minimum Wage
Many economists point to several pros of raising the minimum wage, including the following:
Helping Families Get Out of Poverty
Even without minimum wage increases in today’s market, inflation is skyrocketing. In July 2022, it was up 9.1% year-over-year, a four-decade high. The average American family is likely trying to cut grocery costs, gas prices, and utility bills.
A nonpartisan analysis conducted by the Congressional Budget Office found that raising the federal minimum wage to $15 an hour would reduce the number of people in poverty by nearly 1 million within a decade. And that same report indicates that earnings could increase for up to 29 million workers by 2031.
While raising the minimum wage will not stop inflation (in fact, it can have the opposite effect), it can help families more easily afford basic necessities. It can also fulfill the legislation’s original intention of eliminating starvation wages and establishing a minimum standard of living.
Recommended: Is Inflation Good or Bad?
Increasing Consumer Spending
Multiple studies over the last decade have demonstrated that low wage earners are more likely to put their income directly back into the economy. That’s because low wage workers spend a larger portion of their budget on immediate needs, like food, clothing, transportation, and shelter.
Increased consumer spending is a boon to the economy, as it is a positive economic indicator reflecting consumer confidence in the market — and brings more revenue to small businesses and corporations alike.
Increasing Federal Revenues
The CBO’s report found that federal spending would both increase and decrease if the minimum wage were raised. While those with newly raised wages might rely on government assistance less (for example, the CBO predicts reduced spending on nutrition programs like SNAP), workers who lose their jobs as a result of minimum wage increases will put an excess burden on unemployment.
However, increased tax revenue from higher wages should boost federal revenues overall, per the CBO report.
Increasing Employee Retention and Performance
The theory of efficiency wages suggests that higher-paid employees are more motivated to work harder and thus produce more goods and services faster. If that theory is true, increasing the minimum wage could help businesses become more profitable.
Further, employees are more likely to stay with a company longer if they earn good wages. The longer an employee is with a company, the more skilled that employee can become — and thus more valuable to the business.
On top of that, employee turnover is expensive. Replacing an employee with a new candidate can cost up to 150% of the worker’s salary or possibly more. In many cases, it might be cheaper for a business to pay an employee a better salary to keep them from leaving. It could be cheaper than recruiting and training a new worker to replace them after they’ve left.
Cons of Raising the Minimum Wage
There are multiple downsides to raising the minimum wage to consider when debating this policy as well:
Increasing Labor Costs and Unemployment
The largest concern with raising the minimum wage is increased labor costs. If the minimum wage increased to $15 an hour, businesses would suddenly need to give raises to everyone making less than that.
But if some employees were making $10 to $15 an hour, they might not be thrilled to hear that other workers with less tenure and experience are suddenly being paid the same. And employees who were making $15 an hour or slightly above it may also expect a raise once entry-level workers are bumped to $15.
The problem? Not all businesses can afford that. Restaurants, for example, operate at a 3% to 5% profit margin. Increasing labor costs could shrink (or eliminate) their margins, meaning they might have to let go of some staff or go out of business.
The report from the CBO supports this data; it estimates that raising the minimum wage to $15 could result in the loss of roughly 1.5 million jobs within a decade.
Another aspect of this is that if employers have to raise their wages, they might well raise their prices, passing along the increase to their customers.
Increasing Cost of Living
As businesses adjust prices to accommodate higher labor costs, consumers should expect that their dollars won’t go as far as they used to. That is, many economists argue that minimum wage is correlated with inflation. Some say that if business owners have to raise the minimum wage they pay workers, they will pay along those costs to their customers, ratcheting up their prices and contributing to inflation.
That said, other economists paint inflation as the boogeyman of the minimum wage debate. For example, Daniel Kuehn, a research associate at The Urban Institute, said that, though increasing wages will increase the cost of goods and services, it’s not really a 1:1 ratio. In other words, it won’t be “enough for consumers to really feel a burn in their wallet.”
Recommended: Compare Texas Cost of Living to California Cost of Living
Decreasing Opportunity for Inexperienced Workers
Typically, employees without specialized skills — first-time workers in high school and college, people with disabilities, and the elderly — fill some minimum wage jobs. But as employers are forced to pay workers more, some argue that companies will look for employees with more experience (or will invest in automated technology). This could make it more challenging for unskilled laborers to find work.
Recommended: What Is a Good Entry Level Salary?
Handling the Effects of Raising the Minimum Wage
Businesses may need to adjust practices to pay employees a higher hourly rate if the federal or state minimum wage increases. Here are a few ways company leaders might be able to handle the effects of increased wages:
• Raising prices: If a company’s labor costs go up, the company may need to offset those expenses with higher prices for its goods and services. Paying attention to what competitors are doing and how consumers are reacting to price hikes can be helpful in determining how much you raise prices.
• Working with independent contractors: Independent contractors might be more affordable than full-time employees for specific job duties. For instance, the employer would save on paying benefits. Before establishing an independent contractor model at your business, it’s a good idea to research the guardrails around independent contractors, as laid out by the IRS.
• Automating some positions: Technology continues to offer new ways to automate certain business functions, which may allow employers to reduce headcount, avoid future hires, or reassign existing employees to more revenue-generating work.
• Reducing hours or cutting costs: Business owners who do not want to lose any employees might be able to reduce overall hours or find other ways to cut costs instead (perhaps a less expensive benefits package, for instance).
• Getting creative: Offsetting increased labor costs can be as easy as generating more business. But then generating more business isn’t always so easy. Some creative ideas to get customers in the door could include loyalty programs or offering low-cost alternatives for budget-conscious customers.
Recommended: How Does Unemployment Work?
The Takeaway
The original intention for establishing a minimum wage was to enable workers to have a standard of living that allowed for their health and well-being. While opponents may still argue over “living wage vs. starting wage,” many signs point to today’s federal minimum wage not being enough to have a basic standard of living. Raising the minimum wage has several pros, but it’s important to remember that there are many negative effects to minimum wage increases as well. The economic solution may not be simple, but it will likely be a debate that’s in the spotlight today and in the near future.
A SoFi high-yield savings account is a good idea no matter what your wages are. In fact, the SoFi Checking and Savings Account can help you grow your funds when opened with direct deposit. Your money can earn a competitive APY, and you won’t pay any monthly fees, which can typically eat away at your savings. Qualifying accounts can even get paycheck access up to two days early.
Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall. Enjoy up to 4.60% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings.
FAQ
How does increasing the minimum wage affect the economy?
Some economists argue that increasing the minimum wage encourages consumer spending, helps families out of poverty, and boosts tax revenue while reducing tax-funded government assistance. Other economists point out the cons of raising the minimum wage, like increased inflation and unemployment.
How does decreasing the minimum wage affect the economy?
In general, the discussion around minimum wage is about increasing it. Economists and politicians are not considering decreasing the minimum wage; doing so would send more families into poverty and decrease consumer spending.
Why are state minimum wages different?
States are able to enact their own laws that supplement or deviate from federal laws. Many states with a higher cost of living, like California and Washington, have increased their minimum wage to roughly double the federal minimum. If a state’s minimum wage differs from the federal minimum wage, employers must pay the higher of the two rates.
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SoFi members with direct deposit activity can earn 4.60% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Direct Deposit means a deposit to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Deposits that are not from an employer or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, do not constitute Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate.
SoFi members with Qualifying Deposits can earn 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Qualifying Deposits means one or more deposits that, in the aggregate, are equal to or greater than $5,000 to an account holder’s SoFi Checking and Savings account (“Qualifying Deposits”) during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Qualifying Deposits only include those deposits from the following eligible sources: (i) ACH transfers, (ii) inbound wire transfers, (iii) peer-to-peer transfers (i.e., external transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc. and internal peer-to-peer transfers from a SoFi account belonging to another account holder), (iv) check deposits, (v) instant funding to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, (vi) push payments to your SoFi Bank Debit Card, and (vii) cash deposits. Qualifying Deposits do not include: (i) transfers between an account holder’s Checking account, Savings account, and/or Vaults; (ii) interest payments; (iii) bonuses issued by SoFi Bank or its affiliates; or (iv) credits, reversals, and refunds from SoFi Bank, N.A. (“SoFi Bank”) or from a merchant.
SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving a Direct Deposit or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.
SoFi Bank reserves the right to grant a grace period to account holders following a change in Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits activity before adjusting rates. If SoFi Bank grants you a grace period, the dates for such grace period will be reflected on the APY Details page of your account. If SoFi Bank determines that you did not have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits during the current 30-day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, then you will begin earning the rates earned by account holders without either Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits until you have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits in a subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period. For the avoidance of doubt, an account holder with both Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits will earn the rates earned by account holders with Direct Deposit.
Members without either Direct Deposit activity or Qualifying Deposits, as determined by SoFi Bank, during a 30-Day Evaluation Period and, if applicable, the grace period, will earn 1.20% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances.
Interest rates are variable and subject to change at any time. These rates are current as of 10/24/2023. There is no minimum balance requirement. Additional information can be found at https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet.
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Inside: Learn how to save money quickly, even on a tight budget. Get practical tips for how to save money fast on a low income. Simple savings ideas to implement today.
Saving money on a tight budget can feel like a high mountain to conquer, especially when you’re trying to do it fast.
Many people earn just enough to cover their essential costs, leaving little room for savings. However, with the right strategies, saving money fast on a low income doesn’t have to be a pipe dream.
This is something I started when we decided to pay off debt. Then, we choose to continue saving that money and investing it.
By understanding the flow of your money – where it’s coming from and where it’s going – you can make informed decisions that maximize your savings potential.
By prioritizing your spending and forecasting future expenses, budgeting can reduce the stress of financial uncertainty and introduce a sense of control and confidence in your money management skills. Thus, leading to you starting to save.
What is the best way to save money on a low income?
On a low income, the best way to save money is to thoroughly understand your expenses and prioritize your needs over wants.
In addition, by planning and tracking your finances meticulously, you can identify where each penny is going. Thus, allowing you to analyze your expenses. Once you have a clear picture of these, start looking for areas to trim down.
Remember, saving money is about being proactive and consistent. These small but steady steps can build up over time to help you save money fast, even on a low income.
How to Save Money on A Fast Income
1. Start with Clear Priorities
Before you can decide where to cut costs or how to allocate your funds, you need to know what’s most important to you.
What is your why for doing what you need to do? Is it building an emergency fund, saving for a down payment on a home, or maybe preparing for retirement?
Whatever your goals, outline them clearly. This is how you will save money.
2. Budgeting effectively to manage finances
To budget effectively on a low income, it all starts with a cold, hard look at your numbers.
Begin by listing all sources of income – that’s your foundation.
From each paycheck or income stream, subtract your non-negotiable expenses such as rent, utilities, transportation, and debt payments. What you have left is your discretionary income.
Then, it’s time to categorize and prioritize. Group your expenses into necessities and nice-to-haves. If your essentials consume most of your income, you’ll need to scrutinize the nice-to-haves list.
Every dollar saved from unnecessary splurges is a dollar that can be put towards your savings.
Use budgeting apps or tools to keep a real-time record of your spending. These can help you stay disciplined and provide a visual reminder of your progress.
3. Track and Slash Unnecessary Expenses
Now, you must meticulously and ruthlessly cut out the non-essentials.
Identify patterns and spot the recurrent, unnecessary expenses that are draining your funds.
Do you subscribe to multiple streaming platforms?
Are you forking out cash for a gym membership you barely use?
Are those daily specialty coffee drinks adding up?
It’s time to slash these expenditures.
Cutting these expenses is like giving yourself a raise.
4. Lower Housing Expenses Without Compromising Comfort
Living in smaller, more affordable housing to decrease rent or mortgage might be exactly what you need.
Opting for a smaller, more affordable space is a practical approach to significantly lower your rent or mortgage payments. When you choose to live in a compact setting, not only do you reduce the square footage costs, but often, utility and maintenance expenses decrease as well due to the reduced size of the living area.
If you are renting, try to negotiate your rent or lease terms with your landlord – they might be willing to offer a discount to keep a reliable tenant, or you may be able to agree on lower rent for a longer lease commitment.
If you’re a homeowner, explore the possibility of refinancing your mortgage to take advantage of lower interest rates. Alternatively, consider renting out a room or a portion of your living space, as the additional income can offset your mortgage or maintenance costs.
5. Save Money on Utilities with Simple Home Adjustments
Saving money on utilities might sound challenging, but you can often achieve substantial savings with a few strategic home adjustments. Let’s explore some cost-effective strategies and modifications you can make to your living space that could help reduce your bills.
Energy Efficient Appliances: Swapping out older appliances for Energy Star-rated ones leads to significant reductions in electricity use and water consumption.
Smart Thermostats: Installing a smart thermostat allows you to programmatically control your heating and cooling based on your schedule and preferences, potentially saving you a bundle on your energy bills.
LED Lighting: Switch to LED bulbs, which are more energy-efficient than traditional incandescent ones and have a longer lifespan, saving you on replacement costs as well as your electric bill.
Insulation Upgrades: Proper insulation keeps your home warm in the winter and cool in the summer, reducing the need for excessive heating or air conditioning.
Water-Saving Fixtures: Low-flow showerheads and faucet aerators reduce water usage, preserving this precious resource and lowering your water bill.
Not only do these simple home adjustments lead to savings on your utility bills, but they also contribute to a more environmentally friendly lifestyle.
6. Cooking at home instead of eating out
Cooking at home instead of dining out is an excellent way to save money, especially on a low income. When you eat at a restaurant, you’re not just paying for the food; you’re also covering the cost of service, ambiance, and the establishment’s overhead.
Plan a balance between meal prepped home-cooked meals and the occasional dinner out to keep your budget in check while still enjoying life’s little pleasures. Here are some frugal meals to get you started.
Remember, you don’t have to eliminate eating out entirely.
7. Canceling unused subscriptions and memberships
Stop draining money on services you don’t actively use. It’s surprisingly easy to forget about these auto-renewing expenses, so taking the time to audit your subscriptions can reveal opportunities for savings.
Recently, we tracked over $100 a month in my mother-in-law’s unused subscriptions and membership!
As such, it’s important to periodically evaluate your subscriptions and memberships to ensure they are still serving your interests and goals. If not, give yourself permission to cancel and save that money for something that offers tangible benefits in return.
8. Buying quality items that last longer
Investing in quality items that last longer is a strategic way to save money over time. While the initial cost may be higher, durable products can prevent the cycle of frequent replacements, ultimately contributing to long-term savings and less waste.
Remember, not every purchase necessitates the highest quality option. Examine which items you frequently use and can benefit from in the long run. For instance, driving a Toyota or buying higher quality shoes.
Once you’ve identified these, invest in quality for those and enjoy the satisfaction of a purchase that lasts.
9. Optimize Grocery Shopping
To optimize grocery shopping and manage your food budget effectively, start by thoroughly checking your current pantry supplies and making a precise shopping list to deter impulse purchases.
Utilize coupons and enroll in local store loyalty programs for exclusive discounts.
Embrace meal planning to avoid unnecessary spending.
Consider incorporating meatless meals, as this can contribute to consistent savings over time due to the typically higher cost of meat compared to vegetables and other plant-based options.
Plan meals around these cheap foods when you are broke.
By shopping smartly, you have the power to drastically lower your monthly food bill. Just remember, the key is preparation and discipline.
10. Repairing items instead of replacing them
Repairing items instead of replacing them can be a significant money-saving tactic, especially when budgets are tight. It’s often more cost-effective to fix a piece of furniture, mend a garment, or troubleshoot an appliance than it is to buy new one.
Consider the condition and value of each item before deciding to repair it. If the cost of repair approaches the price of a new item, or if it’s beyond your skill set, researching community resources or seeking professional help may be a wise choice.
11. Practicing the 30-day rule for non-essential purchases
Putting the brakes on impulsive buying can significantly boost your savings, and practicing the 30-day rule is a tried-and-true method to control those urges.
Before you make any non-essential purchase, wait 30 days.
If after a month you still feel the purchase is necessary or meaningful, then consider buying it.
Remember that the goal isn’t to deny yourself enjoyment but to ensure that each purchase is considered and valued. This conscious approach can lead to more satisfaction with the items you do choose to buy and a healthier bank balance.
12. Skip the Car Loan
Opting out of a car loan and finding alternative modes of transportation, such as cycling, walking, or using public transportation, can lead to significant financial savings.
Without a car payment, individuals can redirect the funds that would have gone towards monthly installments, insurance, and maintenance into their savings account.
This strategy can be particularly impactful for those with a goal in mind or working with a low income, as every dollar saved moves them closer to financial stability. Furthermore, the elimination of auto loan interest charges and potential debt can provide a more secure financial footing and peace of mind.
13. Using public transportation or carpooling to reduce fuel costs
Utilizing public transportation or carpooling can be significant in reducing fuel costs, particularly when you’re committed to saving money on a low income. These alternatives to solo driving not only save on fuel but also on parking fees, and wear and tear on your vehicle.
Another option is embracing car-sharing services, especially if you find that you don’t require a car on a daily basis. Services like Turo and Getaround offer the flexibility of having a car when you need one without the constant financial responsibility associated with ownership.
Remember, it’s all about what suits your lifestyle and frequency of need. By assessing how often you need a vehicle and comparing it with the total costs of ownership, car-sharing could be an excellent way to save money.
14. Selling unused or unwanted items for extra cash
Selling unused or unwanted items is a fantastic way to declutter your space and earn extra cash. You might be surprised how much money you can make by letting go of things you no longer use or need. From clothes you’ve outgrown to homeware that’s gathering dust, each item sold can inch you closer to your savings goal.
Take advantage of this opportunity; a thorough home audit could reveal a treasure trove of sellable items right under your nose. Not only does this increase your income, but it also helps you consider future purchases more carefully.
15. Taking advantage of free entertainment and community events
Leveraging free entertainment and community events is a delightfully frugal way to enjoy yourself without breaking the bank. From concerts and exhibitions to workshops and meet-ups, there’s often a wealth of activities that won’t cost you a penny.
In fact, here at Money Bliss, I have the most popular list of things to do with no money.
With a little creativity and resourcefulness, you can uncover a variety of enjoyable and inexpensive things to do.
16. Automating savings to ensure consistent contributions
Automating your savings is a hassle-free way to ensure you consistently contribute to your financial goals.
By setting up an automatic transfer from your checking account to a savings account, you’re essentially paying your future self first.
This ‘set and forget’ approach helps grow your wealth with minimal effort.
17. Negotiating bills and asking for better rates
Many service providers are open to negotiating prices if it means retaining a customer. Whether it’s your cable package, insurance, or even a credit card interest rate, it’s worth having the conversation.
Remember, the worst they can say is no. But often, companies will offer helpful options when they realize you are considering alternatives due to cost concerns.
One phone call could save you $1000 a year – just like when I decreased my cable bill!
18. Evaluating insurance policies for potential savings
When evaluating insurance policies, it’s critical to regularly assess your coverage needs and shop around for the best rates. Comparing policies from different providers annually can reveal opportunities for lowering premiums or finding more suitable coverage.
Utilize online tools and independent insurance agents to ensure a comprehensive review of available options.
Remember to inquire about bundling policies, as this can often lead to significant savings while consolidating your insurance needs effectively.
19. Meal Planning and Prep: Strategies to Reduce Food Waste
By allocating some time each week to plan your meals, you can ensure that you only buy what you need, thereby minimizing waste and cost.
Learning to meal plan starts with looking at a calendar and a local sales flyer to find the low cost deals.
By creating a weekly plan and incorporating budget-friendly recipes, you can not only eat healthier but also avoid the costlier option of dining out.
20. Forgo single use items
By choosing reusable items over single-use ones, you cut down on waste and habitual spending on disposables. This is also known as frugal green.
For instance, investing in a reusable water bottle, rather than buying single use water bottles.
By integrating sustainable products into your life, you also promote a culture of conservation and mindfulness, inspiring others to make eco-friendly choices.
21. Shopping for groceries with a list to avoid impulse buys
This is key! Especially when shopping with kids or a significant other!
Shopping for groceries with a list is a golden rule to avoid impulse buys, which can quickly derail your budget. By planning your purchases beforehand, you stick to the essentials and resist the temptation of sale items that aren’t on your list or don’t fit your meal plan.
Bonus Tip: Remember to always shop on a full stomach – hitting the grocery store hungry is a surefire way to end up with impulse purchases that aren’t on your list!
22. Buying generic brands instead of name brands
Opting for generic brands rather than name brands is a straightforward and effective way to save money on everything from groceries to over-the-counter medications. These products are often of similar quality and effectiveness but come at a significantly lower cost.
By making the switch to generics, especially for regularly used items, the aggregate savings can be substantial over time.
23. Making bulk purchases for commonly used items to save on cost-per-unit
When you buy in larger quantities, the cost per unit typically decreases, leading to savings that add up over time. Bulk buying works best for non-perishable goods or products you use consistently.
Make a point of buying non-perishable items or products with a long shelf life in bulk to avoid waste and ensure that you truly save money with each bulk purchase.
Just make sure you are going to use it!
24. Cutting costs on personal care by DIY methods
DIY methods for personal care are not just a trend – they’re a practical and often healthier alternative to store-bought products. By creating your own beauty and personal care items, you can significantly trim costs and take control of what goes on and into your body.
Even if you’re not the crafty type, consider starting small with something like a DIY sugar scrub or homemade toothpaste. This is something I did over ten years ago. You might discover a new hobby that enhances both your well-being and your budget.
25. Regular maintenance of vehicles and appliances to prevent costly repairs
Keeping on top of maintenance schedules helps prevent major breakdowns that can lead to expensive repairs down the line.
By making regular maintenance a non-negotiable part of your routine, you protect your investments and save yourself from future financial headaches.
I keep a list in my digital to do list, so I never lose track.
26. Shopping at thrift stores, garage sales, or second-hand websites
Shopping at thrift stores, garage sales, or second-hand websites is an excellent way to acquire items at a fraction of the retail cost. Not only are you being financially savvy, but you’re also participating in the circular economy, reducing waste, and often supporting charitable causes.
Shopping second-hand first is not just about saving money—it’s a lifestyle choice. With patience and persistence, it’s amazing what quality items you can find without impacting your wallet heavily.
27. Learning basic sewing to repair clothes
Mastering the basics of sewing to mend your clothes is a skill that pays off in multiple ways. You save money by extending the life of your garments, reducing waste, and developing a practical capability that can come in handy in various situations.
Honestly, sewing a piece of clothes is a very simple thing. Something that must be learned by the younger generations.
Consider setting aside some time to learn sewing basics via online tutorials, community classes, or even from a friend or family member—it’s a practical step toward financial savings and sustainable living.
28. Utilizing coupons and discounts for shopping
Using coupons and discounts strategically can lead to significant savings on your shopping bills. With a little planning and some savvy shopping techniques, you can ensure you never pay full price for essentials and other purchases.
Remember to only use coupons for items you were already planning to purchase; otherwise, you’re not saving money, you’re just spending less on something extra.
29. Consolidating debt to reduce interest rates
Debt consolidation can be a strategic financial move to lower your overall interest rates and simplify your monthly payments. By combining your debts into one loan with a lower interest rate, you can streamline your bills and potentially save significant amounts of money over time.
Make sure to shop around for the best debt consolidation options and read the fine print. The goal is to find a consolidation plan that truly puts you on a faster track to being debt-free without any hidden costs.
30. Tackle High-Interest Debts First to Free Up More Cash
Addressing high-interest debts is paramount in optimizing your financial strategy. Such debts, often from credit cards or payday loans, can spiral out of control if not managed promptly due to their compound interest rates, which can quickly exceed the original amounts borrowed.
This is known as the debt avalanche.
By zeroing in on high-cost debts, you ensure your income is spent more effectively and not wasted on steep interest fees, accelerating your path to financial freedom.
31. Choose the Right High-Yield Savings Account for Your Emergency Fund
Selecting the right high-yield savings account for your emergency fund is an essential move for growing your savings. High-yield accounts offer interest rates significantly higher than standard accounts, ensuring your emergency fund doesn’t stagnate and keeps pace with inflation as much as possible.
This is one of the bank accounts you need.
32. Implement The Envelope System
The Envelope System is a budgeting method that involves physically dividing your cash into envelopes for different spending categories.
Utilizing the cash envelope system promotes disciplined spending by providing a tangible limit on various expense categories, ensuring you stay within your pre-determined budget and facilitating more intentional money management.
This method also offers immediate visual feedback on spending patterns, which can lead to better financial habits and incremental savings as any leftover cash from each envelope can be added directly to a savings fund, making the act of saving more rewarding and motivating.
33. Using cash -back envelopes to track spending
The use of cash-back envelopes takes the traditional envelope budgeting system a step further by rewarding yourself with savings.
Whenever you spend less than the allocated amount in a budget category, you place the cash difference into a “cash-back” envelope, which can be used for saving or investing.
Adopting the cash-back envelope strategy can provide a rewarding twist to budgeting, making it a fun challenge to spend less and save more.
Boost Your Income: Creative Side Hustles and Opportunities
Boosting your income can provide substantial financial relief, particularly when you’ve maximized your ability to cut costs and still find your expenses stretching your budget thin.
Generating extra income, be it through a side hustle or achieving a raise enhances your ability to save and invest.
With additional streams of revenue, you gain more financial flexibility to achieve goals like paying off debt faster, saving for a significant purchase, or building an emergency fund.
Finding a side hustle or part-time job for additional income
Exploring a side hustle or part-time job is a proven way to supplement your income. In today’s gig economy, there are numerous opportunities for flexible work that can be customized to fit your skills and schedule.
A side hustle can not only pad your wallet but also provide an outlet for creativity and passion, possibly even offering a new career trajectory down the line.
Explore Gig Work and Passive Income Streams
Exploring gig work and passive income streams can accelerate your savings efforts, especially when your regular income isn’t enough to reach your financial goals. These alternative income ideas often provide the flexibility to work on your terms and build up earnings over time.
These revenue channels provide a proactive approach to increasing your disposable income. Researching and choosing the best options for your skills and financial situation can help you build a sound extra income strategy.
Take Advantage of Bank Bonuses and Credit Card Bonuses
Banks often offer attractive incentives to new customers, and high-interest savings accounts can grow your deposits at a faster rate than traditional accounts. The same is true for credit card issuers offering big bonuses.
Taking time to research the best offers and account terms can net you a nice bonus and put your money to work earning more money.
Learn How to Invest Your Money
Learning how to invest your money is paramount to building wealth over time. While it can seem intimidating at first, understanding the basics of investing can enable you to take advantage of compounding interest and market growth to increase your savings exponentially.
Start small, stay disciplined, and continually educate yourself as you grow your investment portfolio. Over time, your investments can become a significant source of wealth and financial security.
Learn how to invest in stocks for beginners.
FAQs: Navigating the Path to Low-Income Savings Success
Saving money when your income barely covers your fixed expenses requires a strategic approach. Begin by scrutinizing your budget to cut any non-essential costs.
Look for ways to reduce your fixed monthly expenses, like negotiating bills or refinancing loans.
Every small change can contribute to your savings, so focus on making incremental adjustments that together can enhance your financial situation.
Even when funds are tight, saving money is possible by making small but impactful changes.
Prioritize reviewing your expenses and identifying areas to cut back, such as non-essential subscriptions or eating out.
Round up loose change or small amounts from your daily transactions into savings.
Seek free entertainment options and consider generating additional income through side hustles or selling items you no longer need.
Each penny saved is a step towards your financial cushion.
Setting Realistic Savings Goals and Celebrating Milestones
Setting realistic savings goals is a key to financial success, particularly when managing a low income.
Determine what you can feasibly save without overstretching your budget. Whether it’s $5 or $50 per week, every bit helps.
Celebrating your achievements, no matter how small, can inspire continued discipline and dedication towards your financial objectives.
Being realistic and flexible with your budget will help you manage your finances more efficiently, ensuring that you set aside money for future growth, even when funds are tight.
This is a great step towards habits of financially stable people!
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More importantly, did I answer the questions you have about this topic? Let me know in the comments if I can help in some other way!
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If you’re running a business, you probably know that managing cash is critical to your success — so let’s share some tips on doing that even better. Solid cash flow is vital to keep a business thriving, whether you’re a sole proprietor or the head of a larger enterprise. Even businesses with strong earnings can struggle with cash flow. That’s why cash flow can be a sure sign of how healthy a business is — or is not.
So let us help you optimize that cash flow. We’ll share some smart insights and helpful tips on:
• What cash management for business is
• Why it’s so important
• Ways you can improve your business cash management
Let’s get started.
What is Business Cash Management?
Simply put, business cash management is basically the way you track and manage the money coming into and going out of your business – usually on a cash flow statement. Positive cash flow means more money is coming in through revenues or borrowing than is being used to pay expenses, such as payroll and rent.
That said, good cash management also means not having too much cash on hand. In that scenario, business owners, while cautious, may be missing out on future earnings growth when they neglect to invest cash back into the business.
Here’s another way to frame this principle: Take a look at your business’s balance sheet and check the ratio of current liquid assets to liabilities. A ratio that’s greater than one indicates good health (you’re not losing money), but if that ratio gets too high, you could be holding onto too much cash or other assets that could better be invested elsewhere.
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The Importance of Cash Management for Businesses
Cash flow is the essence of all businesses. Without cash, a business will struggle to meet expenses, pay suppliers, repay any investors, and, often most importantly, grow the business through marketing and/or new opportunities.
Strong cash management strategies can help business owners avoid taking on debt. It also gives them more control over everyday activities, decisions, and growth opportunities. What’s more, smart cash management is the best way for owners to fulfill their vision for their enterprise while meeting both their short, intermediate and long-term needs. There’s certainly a lot riding on cash management, so let’s dive into ways to optimize it.
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6 Tips for Managing Cash Flow
Cash management can be especially challenging for entrepreneurs and small business owners. Yet it is one of the most important financial strategies business owners must master. These six tips can help.
1. Learning Your Cash Flow Cycle
A cash flow cycle is the time it takes to purchase your supplies and materials (or prepare the work that goes into providing a service), transform them into a product, sell your offering, and collect payment that can go into your business bank account. Sounds simple but a lot can go haywire during that process.
That’s why it’s important for business owners to constantly update and monitor their balance sheets and profit and loss statements. Ideally, you want to know at any given time what happened in the cash-flow cycle last month. Also important: Knowing your projections for what’s going to happen next month.
Understanding your cash flow cycle can help identify and address inconsistencies such as a late-paying customer or a build-up of inventory. If your business is seasonal or cyclical, you want to be well-prepared for both the intensely busy times…and the lulls.
Recommended: How to Track Your Monthly Expenses: Step-by-Step Guide
2. Getting Payments on Time
Reminding customers to pay on time is one of the easiest but most necessary ways to manage cash flow. Late payments are a fact of life; common, even. Having receivables come in even a day or two past the due date can wreak havoc with your cash flow cycle and your bank account.
Consider setting up email reminders to all customers ten days, seven days, and two days before payment is due. Technology today makes it a snap to pre-schedule email blasts. If the payment is still late or only a partial payment was made, don’t hesitate to follow up with a personal note or phone call.
This simple solution can really work. Customers will pay more attention to timely payments when they know you are paying close attention.
3. Turning Over Inventory Quickly
Having an abundance of inventory on hand at a given time means that a bundle of cash is tied up in that unsold stock. That could be an issue, because those funds might otherwise be working to pay for operations and expenses. What’s more, if all of that inventory bought upfront doesn’t sell as expected, it could mean losses on top of that lack of cash. That could hurt your growth and business valuation.
Many small business owners have learned that, in terms of cash, it’s better to turn inventory more quickly. Of course, this will vary widely depending on your business – perhaps your product is handmade jewelry, perhaps its reconditioned air conditioners. As an example, you might want to boost inventory turn-over from twice a year to five times. More targeted marketing could contribute to this acceleration.
That said, finding the right inventory management to fit with your cash flow cycles takes some time and experience. Recent supply chain issues have shown how challenging inventory management can be. Again, constant monitoring of the cash flow cycle can help guide how you tweak things.
Recommended: How Much Does It Cost to Start a Business?
4. Understand Invoice Financing
Let’s say you hit a cash management hitch. If you do find yourself in a position where you have too much inventory on hand and you need cash to cover expenses, there is a path forward. Invoice financing companies will advance a full or partial amount of your outstanding invoices. You repay that amount plus interest after the invoice is paid.
This generally should only be considered as a stop-gap measure. Like credit cards, interest payments on invoice financing can add up fast and quickly get out of control. Consider the fact that annual percentage rates for invoice financing products can reach as high as a jaw-dropping 64%.
5. Cutting Costs
Monitoring and cutting costs on expenses is another tool for managing cash flow. After all, if less cash goes to pay overhead, more can be invested in the business. A few suggestions: Relying on online marketing efforts that can be less costly than traditional methods, outsourcing tasks that take too much time and money in-house, and reducing energy costs. You might also want to renegotiate outdated contracts and prices with suppliers. These are all areas business owners can consistently monitor to keep costs low.
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6. Comparing Loans
Sometimes, a business could use a helping hand to smooth out its cash flow. Let’s say you have outstanding accounts receivable — in other words, you know money is due but you don’t have it yet — and you need the cash now. In this situation, taking a business loan can be an option to help bridge the gap.
Cash flow loans (like invoice financing explained above) are short-term loans or lines of credit. These are often used to cover expenses or to take advantage of opportunities that can increase revenue.
A working capital loan is another option that can be used to finance everyday business operations such as rent, payroll, or restocking inventory. These loans are not designed to finance long-term assets or investment. Companies with seasonal or cyclical sales often rely on working capital loans to provide relief during slow periods.
One caveat: Working capital loans are often tied to your personal credit, so missed payments or defaults will affect your credit score. Consider that carefully before you sign on.
In addition, there are a variety of small business loans available that are used to finance long-term expenses such as real estate, equipment purchases, or business expansion. These include SBA loans, business lines of credit, and term loans.
Whatever type of loan you choose, be sure to compare your options carefully. Look at terms, APR, and how much lending you qualify for among several lenders before taking on any short or long-term debt. Spending some time and energy on research will help ensure you get the right form of financing.
The Takeaway
Cash flow management is an essential part of running a successful business of any size. Carefully monitoring cash flow, and learning some simple strategies to maximize it can take your small business to the next level.
Whether your business is a full-time job or just a side gig, it’s important to keep your business cash flow separate from your personal cash flow. In both cases, you’ll want to find a bank account that pays a competitive rate, charges no or low fees, and makes it easy to access your money.
Interested in opening an online bank account? When you sign up for a SoFi Checking and Savings account with direct deposit, you’ll get a competitive annual percentage yield (APY), pay zero account fees, and enjoy an array of rewards, such as access to the Allpoint Network of 55,000+ fee-free ATMs globally. Qualifying accounts can even access their paycheck up to two days early.
Better banking is here with SoFi, NerdWallet’s 2024 winner for Best Checking Account Overall. Enjoy up to 4.60% APY on SoFi Checking and Savings.
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SoFi members with direct deposit activity can earn 4.60% annual percentage yield (APY) on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% APY on checking balances. Direct Deposit means a deposit to an account holder’s SoFi Checking or Savings account, including payroll, pension, or government payments (e.g., Social Security), made by the account holder’s employer, payroll or benefits provider or government agency (“Direct Deposit”) via the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) Network during a 30-day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Deposits that are not from an employer or government agency, including but not limited to check deposits, peer-to-peer transfers (e.g., transfers from PayPal, Venmo, etc.), merchant transactions (e.g., transactions from PayPal, Stripe, Square, etc.), and bank ACH funds transfers and wire transfers from external accounts, do not constitute Direct Deposit activity. There is no minimum Direct Deposit amount required to qualify for the stated interest rate.
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SoFi Bank shall, in its sole discretion, assess each account holder’s Direct Deposit activity and Qualifying Deposits throughout each 30-Day Evaluation Period to determine the applicability of rates and may request additional documentation for verification of eligibility. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the “Start Date” and “End Date” set forth on the APY Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the “30-Day Evaluation Period”). You can access the APY Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking > Savings > Current APY or (ii) Banking > Checking > Current APY. Upon receiving a Direct Deposit or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits to your account, you will begin earning 4.60% APY on savings balances (including Vaults) and 0.50% on checking balances on or before the following calendar day. You will continue to earn these APYs for (i) the remainder of the current 30-Day Evaluation Period and through the end of the subsequent 30-Day Evaluation Period and (ii) any following 30-day Evaluation Periods during which SoFi Bank determines you to have Direct Deposit activity or $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits without interruption.
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Feelings of Financial Insecurity in America Soar to Record High, Even as Consumer Anxiety About the Economy and Recession Recede Northwestern Mutual’s 2024 Planning & Progress Study finds just over half of U.S. adults expect recession this year, a significant drop from two-thirds who said the same in 2023 One-third (33%) of Americans say they … [Read more…]
Mr. Cooper Group was profitable in 2023, a year marked by its acquisition of Home Point Capital and Roosevelt Management Co., along with the fallout from a cyberattack. Mr. Cooper’s strong performance was mainly due to its servicing business, which benefited from a higher interest rate environment.
During a call with analysts on Friday morning, company executives addressed some of the concerns raised by Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen, who said this week that U.S. regulators are monitoring risks stemming from nonbank mortgage lenders, especially failures resulting from market strains.
Dallas-based Mr. Cooper is expected to reach $1.1 trillion of unpaid principal balance (UPB) in mortgage servicing rights (MSR) by the end of March, a target announced in July 2021 when the portfolio was at $650 billion.
“While the overall portfolio has grown considerably, and we expect it to grow by another 25% this year, only half of it is owned MSR. The other half is subservice for a number of clients,” vice chairman Chris Marshall told analysts. “If there are any limitations on concentration, I think it would be focused more on people, on owned MSR. So, I think we have quite a bit of room for us to grow before that becomes a concern for anybody.”
At the end of December, Mr. Cooper had $992 billion in MSR, up 14% year over year. Of that total, 59% was in owned MSR, 5% was in special servicing and 35% was in subservicing. According to Marshall, the company seeks a balance of 50% owned MSR and 50% subservicing.
“And if you look, in total, we’re still in kind of a single-digit market share,”Chairman and CEO Jay Bray said. “It’s a scale business. You have to build and invest in technology. So, we don’t have any concerns about continuing to grow the platform. The key for us is sustainability.”
Executives also added that, in terms of capital, the target for the companyis “so much far ahead of what is required of banks”that “it’s not a concern,”according to Marshall. “I can’t even imagine it becoming anything of a conversation. (…) You should think of us as having a rock-solid balance sheet.”
Overall, Mr. Cooper delivered $500 million in net income in 2023. Its almost $1 trillion servicing portfolio generated $869 million in pretax operating income last year. And by funding $12.6 billion in loans, it had a $100 million pretax operating income.
“A key theme for 2023 was operating leverage. We grew the portfolio at a double-digit pace during the year while at the same time cutting costs companywide,” Bray said. “In fact, since 2018, we’ve cut servicing costs by 30%.”
Bray said the company will return its focus to equity, which is expected to grow to 14% to 18% by the end of 2025, compared to its current level of 12.5%.
Cyberattack, changes in leadership
Mr. Cooper generated $46 million in net income in the fourth quarter. That compares to $275 million in the third quarter of 2023 and $1 million in Q4 2022 when it had a negative mark-to-market of $58 million.
The earnings in Q4 2023 included, among other things, mark-to-market net hedges of $41 million and $27 million related to a cyberattack it suffered in October. The company had the data of nearly 15 million current and former clients exposed in a hacking incident, which resulted in at least four class-action suits.
Despite the cyber incident, the company kept its servicing and origination businesses profitable. With 4.6 million customers, the servicing division brought in $229 million in pretax operating income in Q4, compared to $301 million in Q3.
Meanwhile, the originations division — which focuses on acquiring loans from correspondent originators and refinancing existing loans in the direct-to-consumer channel — brought in $10 million in pretax operating income in Q4, compared to $29 million in the previous quarter.
“Bear in mind that these numbers were impacted by the cyber event,” Marshall said. “Excluding that impact, we estimate EBT [earnings before taxes] would have doubled. For similar reasons, refi recaptures dipped slightly during the quarter but are now back up over 80%.”
The company’s total funded volume declined to $2.7 billion in Q4, down from $3.4 billion in the previous three-month period. Cash-out refinances represented 61% of the total, followed by purchase loans (25%), second-lien refinances (12%) and rate-and-term refinances (2%).
In January, the company announced Mike Weinbach, a former Wells Fargo and JPMorgan Chase executive, as its new president. He is succeeding Marshall, who was named executive chairman at servicing fintech Sagent.
Mr. Cooper’sliquidity reached $2.4 billion in Q4, with $571 million in unrestricted cash.
The past three years in the mortgage industry were cutthroat, with origination volume shrinking, and while things are looking better for 2024, lenders are still in a position where they must make bold moves to stem losses on the production side of the business, according to a report from Stratmor Group, a mortgage advisory firm.
More than half of mortgage executives who participated in Stratmor’s recent survey indicated that they do not believe their companies have turned the corner to become profitable when it comes to originations — excluding servicing.
About 85% of surveyed executives believed that their company was either not profitable or was roughly breaking even in production.
If lenders’ losses come in as expected during fourth-quarter 2023 and first-quarter 2024, it will represent eight consecutive quarters of losses for more than 350 independent mortgage bankers, said Jim Cameron, senior partner at Stratmor.
Independent mortgage banks (IMBs) and mortgage subsidiaries of chartered banks have collectively been in the red for six consecutive quarters. Most recently, they reported an average net loss of $1,015 on each loan they originated in third-quarter 2023 — doubling the reported loss of $534 per loan in Q2, according to data from the Mortgage Bankers Association (MBA).
While lenders have been aggressively cutting labor costs — their largest type of expense — it has not been enough to reduce per-loan production expense.
Even with massive cuts to gross production expenses (from $44 million per company in Q3 2020 to $18 million in Q1 2023), the cost per loan has increased to more $13,000 as loan production units dropped off dramatically during that period.
As of Q3 2023, total loan production expenses were $11,441 per loan, up slightly from $11,044 in the prior quarter.
“As we head into 2024, it is clear we still have excess capacity and lenders must continue to be disciplined and aggressive in managing staffing levels,” Cameron said.
While labor is the priority when it comes to reducing costs, cutting down lease costs and making use of the hybrid work model; reviewing vendor contracts; and weeding out plug-ins with high costs and low adoption rates are needed, according to the report.
The silver lining for IMBs, in general, are their strong cash balances, the report noted.
After bouncing between the $6 million to $8 million range in 2018 and 2019, average cash balances now stand at about $11.5 million as of Q3 2023. Lenders sold off much of their servicing portfolios in 2022 and 2023, and balances would have been much lower without these moves, according Cameron.
“After a very challenging 2023 and not much relief expected in 2024, lenders must have a renewed focus on cash flow forecasting,” Cameron said.
“As a foundational need, mortgage bankers must ensure that they have a robust mechanism in place to forecast short-term, intermediate, and long-term cash flows. And coming in a close second is the need to get razor sharp with financial and operational reporting and monitoring of key performance indicators (KPIs). Mortgage bankers must be highly skilled at examining both costs and performance across a variety of dimensions, including fixed versus variable and break-even-point analyses,” he added.
Vendor and Lender Tools; Agency News; 2023: Hottest Year on Record
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Vendor and Lender Tools; Agency News; 2023: Hottest Year on Record
By: Rob Chrisman
Tue, Jan 9 2024, 8:37 AM
Is it just my imagination or do restaurants no longer have salt and pepper shakers on the tables after COVID? Is it just my imagination or do organizations with initials that begin with “N” have trouble keeping their leadership? In August of 2023 the chief of NAR resigned, last week it was the NRA, and this week it is NAR’s turn again, this time losing Tracy Kasper to blackmail!
Meanwhile, keeping on with real estate news, and realizing that anyone can sue anyone, news came out after Christmas that Zillow, which also owns Zillow Home Loans, is suing rivals over software that schedules property showings.
Agency news
Freddie Mac (FHLMC) and Fannie Mae (FNMA) still have the lion’s share of the applications coming through lenders. What’s going on with their conventional conforming products?
Fannie Mae SVC-2023-06 December Servicing Guide update advises large non-depository sellers/servicers of updates to the frequency of financial reporting requirements and provides other miscellaneous updates.
Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are equipping lenders with updated resources for Uniform Loan Delivery Dataset (ULDD) Phase 5. Updates include an enhanced ULDD extension schema, featuring Phase 5 extension data points, and updated ULDD FAQs referencing the schema.
Fannie Mae posted the December Appraiser Quality Monitoring (AQM) list.
Pennymac Announcement 23-89 addresses Fannie Mae SEL-2023-09, Rental Income and Self-Employed Borrowers Update.
AmeriHome Mortgage Announcement 20231209-CL summarizes previously published changes made during December, additional changes made with the announcement, and recent Agency and regulatory news.
Mother Nature bats last
Yes, storms are a regular event around the world. For example, the storm hitting the Midwest and Southeast of the United States with blizzard conditions and potential flooding is “normal.”
What isn’t “normal” is 2023 being the hottest year on record, whether it is caused by man or part of a natural cycle over thousands of years. “Climate change deniers” can shrug it off, but when the increased likelihood of major storms, flooding, and forest fires impact mortgage pricing and insurance rates (if you can get insurance at all), and therefore your clients, it is a problem. Or if places like Honduras become unlivable due to the heat and lack of air conditioning, forcing shifts in where populations live, then it matters.
Tennessee Tornadoes: DR-4751-TN. and 4751-DR-TN Amendment 001.
On 12/28/2023, with Amendment No. 1 to DR-4751, FEMA declared federal disaster aid with individual assistance has been made available to three Tennessee counties, Cheatham, Gibson, and Stewart, affected by severe storms and tornadoes on 12/9/2023. See AmeriHome Mortgage Disaster Announcement 20231210-CL for inspection requirements.
Capital markets: pretty quiet out there
Economic data over the past week has highlighted the various effects tighter economic policy has had on different sectors of the economy. Interest rate sensitive areas remain the most strained, but 216k jobs were added during December and the unemployment rate remained at 3.7 percent, which shows labor markets have only moderated slightly. Most new jobs were concentrated in government, healthcare, and leisure and hospitality. November’s JOLTS report showed job openings continue to shrink as demand for labor slowly subsides and the quit rate fell below its pre-pandemic level.
December was also the 14th consecutive month of contraction in the manufacturing sector of the economy, according to the ISM Manufacturing Index. Spending on durable goods has fallen five of the last ten months compared to spending on services which has only dipped once in the past 40 months. However, demand for services is expected to moderate as the economy slows. Construction spending ticked up 0.4 percent in November though most spending was concentrated in single family housing. Multi-family construction spending has lost momentum as vacancy rates have risen.
After a lack of news to open the week (we learned that consumer credit increased by $23.7 billion in November), today’s economic calendar is already under way with the NFIB Small Business Optimism Index for December (91.9 versus 90.6, so a slight increase) and the November trade deficit ($63.2 billion, down from the prior month but little changed). Later today brings Redbook same store sales for the week ending January 6 and Treasury auctions headlined by $52 billion 3-year notes. Markets will also receive remarks from Fed Vice Chair of Supervision Barr. We begin the day with Agency MBS prices worse .125 from Monday’s close, the 10-year yielding 4.05 after closing yesterday at 4.00 percent, and the 2-year at 4.38.
Lender and broker services and software
Orion Lending slashed its annual expenses by $300,000 and boosted their conversion rate by 32 percent using Truv’s income and employment verification solution. “Truv transformed our verification process, expanding our reach and cutting costs,” asserts Richard Plummer, EVP of Operations at Orion Lending. Stop Overpaying. Contact TRUV today for your income, employment, insurance, and asset verifications.
“Wish you had a New Year’s resolution you could actually keep in 2024? How about 5? Contact PHH today and get on track to reduce delinquencies, shorten default timelines, resolve more loans in foreclosure, lower subservicing costs and increase customer satisfaction. No other servicer has been more highly decorated with top servicing awards from all three agencies (Fannie, Freddie, and HUD) over the past two years. We can onboard your portfolio (no matter the size) in 90 days or less, and a recent client saw a 70 percent reduction in complaints in the first 6 months after switching to PHH. What are you waiting for? Start 2024 by reaching out to Chris Sabbe today and let PHH help you reach your goals in the new year!”
Maximize your return on every loan with better secondary pricing and industry-leading technology. Now more than ever, lenders need solutions that allow scale while reducing operational costs and increasing revenue per loan. With Maxwell Capital, lenders can access competitive secondary market pricing on a wide array of products, including non-QM and jumbo, and full-service fulfillment support on both wholesale and mini correspondent offerings. Plus, Maxwell Capital customers gain access to Maxwell Point of Sale, a digital mortgage platform with built-in business intelligence to track and benchmark performance. Schedule a call with Maxwell today and start doing more for your bottom line.
“Processor & Underwriter Automation: Zoral’s automation platform delivers amazingly accurate results in record time! Improve processing and underwriting turn times from days to minutes. Zoral analyses, calculates, and compares LOS data to document data. Dynamic notifications and conditions provide your team with a concise roadmap of what is needed on every loan, at every milestone, all the way to CTC. Our engines accurately categorize, analyze, and calculate eligible income from all income sources, including 3rd party providers such as Account Check. Bank statements are analyzed to identify EMD, cash to close, large deposits, recurring debits, and credits etc. For the past 20 years, Zoral has been creating the most advanced, AI powered, automation solutions anywhere in the world. Our proprietary solutions are designed and built in-house and rapidly implemented. Stop messing with headcount at every turn of the market. Zoral’s automation platform will provide the elasticity to handle even the most unpredictable environments. To learn more about our automation solutions for mortgage, contact Peter Sandler.”
As we usher in the Year of the Wood Dragon, a mythical creature thought to signify unprecedented opportunities, the folks at Down Payment Resource (DPR) contend 2024 also will be the Year of Down Payment Assistance, with DPA offering unprecedented opportunities for lenders to qualify more homebuyers. DPR has been in the business since 2008, amassing a national database of 2,200+ verified DPA programs. As the original keepers of all things DPA, DPR makes it easy for lenders to match otherwise qualified applicants to assistance programs across the United States. DPA can help you qualify more buyers, especially LMI and minority buyers, reduce declined loan numbers and make you a strong contender for referrals and repeat business. That’s an unprecedented opportunity for 2024 you shouldn’t pass up. Need more info? Meet with Tani Lawrence at MBA IMB (Feb. 22-24) or schedule a virtual demo.
Partnering with the right subservicer can make the difference in growing your business and staying a step ahead of a dynamic mortgage market. LoanCare®, one of the nation’s top subservicers, can help you better manage and grow your portfolio in 2024 and beyond. We’ve serviced loans for banks, credit unions, independent mortgage companies, and portfolio investors for over 40 years with solutions for any servicing scenario. We’ll be at the MBA IMB Conference in New Orleans Jan. 22-24, contact us to learn why now is the right time to make LoanCare your servicing partner. And don’t miss Jerry McCoy, EVP, Performance Management at LoanCare speak on the conference panel, “Uncover the Hidden Financial Risks & Rewards in Your Servicing,” on Tuesday, January 23 at 1:30 p.m.
Broker & correspondent loan products
“Expanding your Non-QM products and liquidity options with eRESI Mortgage has never been easier. Come see what other eRESI correspondent partners tap into, whether it’s our industry-leading pricing or fast turnaround times, all while gaining direct access to our long-term capital base. Our partners often rely on our experience as a seasoned loan investor with a highly experienced leadership team dedicated solely to your success. We provide access to a streamlined technology platform, a full suite of Non-QM products (including Full Doc, Bank Statement, and DSCR), and a credit team that understands individual needs. We are also thrilled to announce the launch of our Closed-End Second Lien product, allowing borrowers to access their equity without having to refinance their existing loan. To learn how we can help you grow your business, contact your eRESI representative or email our Business Development team to get started (Contact)!”
“Welcome 2024 with AFR Wholesale®, where we see a golden opportunity for prospective homeowners to achieve their dreams. We invite dedicated professionals like you to join us in expanding your business horizons. Why include AFR in your New Year’s resolutions? 1. Empower Borrowers: Our comprehensive suite of services is designed to empower your borrowers, from flexible financing options to personalized support. 2. Grow Your Business: Partnering with AFR means tapping into a wealth of resources and expertise. Our collaborative approach is tailored to support your growth, ensuring you have the tools and support needed to reach new heights. 3. Optimism/Strategic Planning: Making AFR a part of your 2024 journey means joining a community dedicated to success, innovation, and excellence. Let’s make 2024 extraordinary together! Happy New Year! Ready to partner with AFR? Visit www.afrwholesale.com, contact [email protected], or call 1-800- 375-6071 today.”
There is a signalman up in Shasta County, California. He really wants to get a promotion, so he sends a letter to Union Pacific, and they send up an assessor.
He asks him what he would do if two trains were barreling down a track at each other.
The signalman says he would put one train on a passing loop.
“But what if the points are jammed?”
“I would throw the emergency switch”
“But what if the switch is on fire?”
“I would run out and use the lever on the line to switch the train into the passing loop.”
“But what if it was struck by lightning?”
“Then I’d get my uncle Frank.”
“Why?”
“He’s never seen a train crash!”
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I want to share a fantastic Q&A from this past week. A reader, “Vince,” wrote in and said:
Hi Jesse. I just reread your best of 2023 post about Compounding. Well, I’m late 50s. No debt. Have stayed the course, and am retiring with 4.2m dollars and 5.5m net worth. I’m the poster child for DCA, yearly rebalancing and living below your means but enjoying life. My wife and I know we’re very fortunate.
Here’s the irony. Bernstein said ‘when you win the game, stop playing ‘ To me, that means going to a 55/45 (or even a 50/50) portfolio in perpetuity because a 3% withdrawal rate is likely all we need to keep us happy. Yet, I’m giving up some return that comes with 60/40.
Thoughts? I can afford to be more aggressive, maybe much more so, but is it worth it? Or should I just chill, rebalance annually or every 18 months, and watch the portfolio grow but a bit more slowly.
Thanks!
Vince is in an awesome situation. To add some context to his message:
I wrote back to Vince and said:
Hey Vince. Thanks for reading and for writing in. It’s fun to chat with folks like you.
First off…wow. You find yourself in a terrific position! I love those details…dca, rebalance, live below your means. Do you mind if I ask…looking back, what was your rough average career household salary? And where did that salary max out? I’m just curious.
[And now I’m coming back up here after having written the entire email…this would be a wonderful blog post Q&A, with your permission. Happy to anonymize you entirely. Let me know your thoughts?]
Yes – great Bernstein quote. I have a thought experiment that might put you at ease…
Take your current household spending needs…let’s say, $150,000 per year.
Social Security will cover some…let’s say $50,000 per year (assuming you’re US? your country might have a different social safety net)
Therefore, your portfolio needs to cover $100,000 every year.
And I’m going to assume (?) the $4.2M you mention is fully investable.
If you went 50/50 in your portfolio – roughly $2.1M in stocks, $2.1M in bonds – you’d have 21 years of annual spending in bonds. Ideally, high-grade Treasury bonds. In theory, you have 21 years of buffer before you “need” to tap into your stocks.
Do we have faith that your stocks will outpace bonds over a 21-year period? That’s now the critical question. Based on the stuff I talk about on The Best Interest, my answer is: yes, 21 years is a sufficient period for stocks to do their thing.
Next question: can/should we pull that period closer to the present? 15 years? 10 years?
60/40 –> $2.5M stocks, $1.7M bonds –> 17 years
70/30 –> $2.95M stocks, $1.25M bonds –> 12.5 years
I think you can feel good about 60/40. 17 years of bonds is a great buffer.
But should you? You’re right that, technically speaking, you’re adding more risk to your portfolio. And for what reason? To die with a larger pile of money?
It all comes back to Bernstein’s quote: what game are you playing, Vince? Have you “won?” If not, that’s fine. But ask yourself: when will that answer change? What is “winning” to you?
For example, if you have big goals for your “Excess Money,” that’s a different story. Do you want to donate $1M to the dog shelter when you die? In that case, we should separate that portion of your money from the rest of your money, and invest it differently.
But if you’re main/most important goal is, “Live comfortably forever,” and the 55/45 gets you there…great! You’ve done it.
…now I’m curious, how much return are you actually giving up in the long run by shifting down from 60/40 to 55/45?
Assume 7% annualized inflation-adjusted returns for stocks and 2% inflation-adjusted for bonds
60/40 –> 5.00% per year, or 165% inflation-adjusted growth over 20 years.
55/45 –> 4.75% per year, or 153% inflation-adjusted growth over 20 years.
Definitely a difference. But not a huge one, IMO, especially when you (specifically you) won’t define success or failure based on that ~0.25% per year annualized difference.
Alright – that’s a lot. But I hope it helps.
If Vince’s portfolio is $4.2M and his annual needs are $100,000, he’ll be entering retirement following (essentially) a “2.38% Rule.” That’s way more conservative than the classic 4% Rule.
He doesn’t need to expose himself to undo risk. 60% stocks, 55% stocks, 50% stocks…Vince will be successful in any of these portfolios. Since he has “won the game” of career financial success, he can “stop playing the game” by taking some of his chips off the table a.k.a. reducing his exposure to risk assets (stocks).
Stocks outperform bonds over long periods of time, and Vince will be able to leave his stocks untouched for decades (if he wants to).
Now, Vince did get back to me and shared some of his personal story. I want to share some of those details with you.
On his salary and investing: “I started at 35k in 1994 and ended at about 560k this year. One outlier year was about 600k. I’d bet my average was around 200k but there were so many big jumps it’s really hard to say. (I never moved jobs for a bigger salary. In fact sometimes I took less to be happier. Eventually , the money came). Also, I got married and we both worked so I’d guess 275k average over 30 years, but this may be off. As I mentioned, dca, rebalance, live below our means. Also, 95% indexing with 4 funds and occasionally buying a stock or two and holding it.
Vince’s top-end salary ($500 – $600K) is top 1% territory. His average salary ($275K) is top ~4%. Vince earned great money. But his starting salary is relatively low. Salary growth was essential for Vince’s success. The lesson: you can – and should – look for ways to increase your income over your career. It might take decades. But it makes a huge difference.
And Vince’s investing technique is…boring! Index funds, dollar-cost averaging, buy-and-hold, annual rebalance. Sound familiar?! The boring stuff, while BORING, really does work.
Bored?
I’m not pulling your leg here with my articles and podcasts about boring, long-term investing. I’m serious. It works. Just look at Vince. Moving on…
On his lifestyle: “We drive old cars and jeans and t shirts are our preferred outfits. We researched our area before buying and our house that cost 350k is now worth about 1.2m. Actually, not the best 25-year return, but we’re very happy here.We want to keep living simply but comfortably. We’ve put 2 kids through college and have no debt. We love traveling but can do it rather inexpensively. In fact, we just spent a month in Portugal for a small amount. So 55/45 it is. THANK YOU!!!!!
(FYI, the housing return Vince mentioned is about 5.5% nominal / 2.7% real annual return. )
The important takeaway is Vince’s choice to drive cheaper cars and wear cheaper clothes than he otherwise could. By my math, you could buy a Corvette on a $500,000 salary. You could fly first class. You could eat caviar. But Vince is an example that wealth is what you don’t see.
“Wealth is created by a slow, steady drip of investment deposits, just like decades of waves carving a shoreline rock. Wealth is compound interest that grows slowly at first, then rapidly in the end. Wealth is what you choose not to spend money on. Wealth is quiet.”
It sounds like Vince still doing what he loves. He’s cutting costs where he can (or where he simply doesn’t care), but then spending where he wants to. That’s bimodal spending. Vince is enjoying the journey.
Vince is a success story. He’s won the game. And now, like a smart investor, he’s opting to “stop playing” by taking some of his investment risk off the table.
Thanks, Vince, for sharing your example with us.
Thank you for reading! If you enjoyed this article, join 7500+ subscribers who read my 2-minute weekly email, where I send you links to the smartest financial content I find online every week.
-Jesse
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