There’s a reason so many people have been struggling to purchase a home this year. Not only are housing prices elevated as a result of low inventory, but mortgages are expensive to sign.
As of this writing, the average mortgage rate on a 30-year loan is 6.82%, according to Freddie Mac. But rates have fluctuated a bit since the start of the year, and they’ll likely continue to do so based on general market conditions.
Meanwhile, most mortgage experts expect rates to cool later in the year. But how low will they go? That’s the big question.
Federal Reserve actions could lower borrowing costs for home buyers
The Federal Reserve raised interest rates 11 times between 2022 and 2023 to help slow the pace of inflation. While the Fed’s actions don’t always completely correlate to movement in mortgage rates, they have the potential to influence them. As such, it’s not a big surprise that mortgages are currently expensive to sign.
There’s some good news, though. Despite the fact that inflation remains stubbornly elevated at over 3%, which is above the 2% level the Fed is targeting, it’s cooled nicely since 2022. As such, the Fed still thinks it can move forward with three interest rate cuts in 2024, the first of which could come within months.
What this means is that mortgage rates could fall quite a bit between now and the end of the year. But it’s tough to get a handle on how low they’ll go.
More: Check out our picks for the best mortgage lenders
Is it conceivable that mortgage rates will drop to about 6%? Yes. Whether they’ll go lower is the big question, and that’s a hard one to answer right now.
In January, the National Association of Realtors projected that mortgage rates would fall to 6.3% by the fourth quarter of the year. But if rates fall to 6.3% at the start of that quarter, they may be closer to the 6% mark by the end of it.
How to lock in the most competitive mortgage rate you can
It’s hard to know exactly how low mortgage rates will go in 2024. So instead of fixating on that, try to focus on steps you can take to set yourself up for a more attractive mortgage rate.
For one thing, try boosting your credit score. You can do so by paying bills on time and shedding some credit card debt. Checking your credit report for errors is also a great idea.
Also, try to work on reducing your debt-to-income ratio. That measures the percentage of your income that’s allocated toward existing debt payments. Paying off some credit card debt could help in this regard, too.
Finally, be prepared to shop around. You never know when one lender might have a better rate to offer you than another.
It’s fair to assume that mortgages will be less expensive to sign by the time 2024 gets close to wrapping up. But how much less expensive is a question that remains tough to answer.
Industry veteran Rick Roque has resigned from his position as corporate vice president at retail mortgage lender CrossCountry Mortgage (CCM) to join multichannel player Sierra Pacific Mortgage as executive vice president of retail.
The transition was announced on Monday afternoon during a session at The Gathering, HousingWire’s real estate and mortgage conference held in Scottsdale, Arizona.
Roque, who co-founded M&A and retail mortgage banking firm Menlo Co. in 2009, joined CCM in December 2022 as corporate vice president of production strategy and strategic partnerships. He was tasked with adding “value to the consumer in the homeownership experience“ while increasing sales volumes and revenues, he said.
“CCM has created a top-performing sales culture that’s the envy of every mortgage company in the country. My interest is to be able to adopt that top-performing sales culture and to bring that over to Sierra Pacific,“ Roque said in an interview with HousingWire.
A spokesperson for CCM said the company had no comments.
Ohio-based CCM, which acquired Amcap Home Loans earlier this year, claims it originated $31.6 billion in loans in 2023.
Sierra Pacific, headquartered in California and led by Jim Coffrini, delivered a production volume of $2.5 billion last year, according to Inside Mortgage Finance (IMF) estimates. Its owned servicing portfolio stood at $15 billion at the end of 2023, per IMF.
Regarding its channels, Sierra Pacific has loans coming through its branches and its broker network, Roque said, but he will primarily focus on retail operations.
“Sierra believes the future of mortgage includes both wholesale and retail. It’s not about ’brokers are better’ or ’retail is better,’“ Roque added.
The company plans to grow via acquisitions of top-producing teams to establish a nationwide presence. These teams will have the opportunity to be an “anchor operation,“ Roque explained.
The lender is also seeking to acquire other companies, specifically targeting those that originate between $500 million and $2 billion a year, he said.
“Sierra is one of the most heavily capitalized companies in the country. It aims to aggressively grow retail, so a new heavyweight has entered the ring beyond the headlined mortgage companies,“ Roque said.
According to the Nationwide Multistate Licensing System (NMLS), Sierra had 145 active loan officers and 50 branches as of Monday.
In December, Sierra’s Chief Production Officer Jay Promisco, a HousingWire Vanguard, sat down with Clayton Collins to detail how he builds cohesive teams in intense environments.
The Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN), a division of the U.S. Department of the Treasury, is sounding the alarm over challenges faced by elder financial exploitation (EFE).
In a newly released trends report, FinCEN highlighted more than $27 billion worth of “suspicious activity” across more than 155,000 filings of Bank Secrecy Act (BSA) data with FinCEN between June 15, 2022 and June 15, 2023.
The data is linked to elder financial exploitation, “or the illegal or improper use of an older adult’s funds, property, or assets.” Within the $27 billion-plus in reported suspicious activity, EFE could include both actual and attempted transactions that “may affect personal savings, checking accounts, retirement savings, and investments, and can severely impact victims’ well-being and financial security,” the report stated.
This is a follow-up to a prior notice issued by FinCEN in June 2022, which aimed to alert financial institutions of a rising trend of EFE. FinCEN noted that companies should be aware of these activities and attempt to counteract them through both internal mechanisms and reporting to authorities.
“FinCEN has long recognized the threat that [EFE] poses and the need to protect the older adult population from financial abuse,” FinCEN Director Andrea Gacki said in a statement. “FinCEN’s analysis highlights the critical role of financial institutions in helping to identify, prevent, and report suspected [EFE]. We are grateful for their vigilance and for the BSA information they have filed — and continue to file — in response to FinCEN’s 2022 advisory.”
Seventy-two percent of all EFE filings included in the data were filed by banks, with two banks alone accounting for 50,670 (33%) of all filings. The most commonly cited typology of the EFE incidents were “account takeovers,” and adult children of the elder victims were the most common perpetrators, according to the report.
“BSA filers reported adult children as the perpetrators of elder theft in nearly 40% of cases, based on a manual review of EFE-related filings,” the report explained.
Perpetrators also relied primarily on what FinCEN refers to as “unsophisticated means,” or those that “minimize direct contact with financial institution employees” and which include “using previously compromised identifying information and/or passwords, guessing passwords, or mass spam emails that elicit replies containing sensitive information.”
This is because direct involvement with financial institution personnel would increase the likelihood of being caught, since workers at these institutions “would likely identify EFE activity more frequently if victims or perpetrators conducted transactions in person, and presumably not permit the requested transactions.”
Financial institutions also filed significantly more reports related to scams targeting seniors, most frequently including “tech support” scams in which a perpetrator falsely claims to offer technical assistance, or “romance scams” in which a perpetrator attempts to present themselves as a potential romantic partner to the victim.
Real estate scams are also included in the typology of the report, although it does not mention reverse mortgages specifically. The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Office of the Inspector General (OIG) previously identified reverse mortgage scams as a potential vehicle for perpetrators to target elderly victims.
Late last year, the FBI warned the public about a problematic rise in instances of elder financial abuse. Seniors are common targets of financial scammers, and authorities consistently warn the public to safeguard the financial accounts and assets of their loved ones.
Legislation targeting LGBTQ+ communities is intensifying across U.S. states. Since 2022, the number of states banning gender-affirming care has risen from four to 23, and 21 states banned or restricted abortion. Two-thirds of states also currently have laws on the books that criminally penalize certain activities based on a person’s HIV-positive status.
Recent Washington Post analysis of FBI crime data reveals that hate crimes in K-12 schools have more than quadrupled in response to restrictive laws.
In 2017, long before the most recent legislation, a survey by National Public Radio, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health found more than half of the LGBTQ+ community regularly reported experiencing threats, harassment or violence due to their sexuality or gender identity.
It stands to reason that community members may wonder how to plan for their safety and well-being. If you need to move due to safety concerns — and have some time to prepare for the move — any financial planning you can do beforehand will go a long way. Consider the following six tips from financial and LGBTQ+ experts around the country.
How to financially prepare for a move (if you can)
1. Evaluate your assets and expenses
Taking stock of your income, expenses and assets can help you figure out what it will take to make your move a reality. Lindsey Young, a certified financial planner in Baltimore, says reviewing regular expenses, moving expenses and any costs you may face from temporary unemployment can help you understand where your money is going and plan where you want it to go.
Moving is expensive, and the LGBTQ+ community already tends to earn less than straight and cisgender workers on average, according to a Human Rights Campaign analysis of full-time LGBTQ+ workers and Bureau of Labor Statistics data. Transgender men and women, LGBTQ+ people of color and LGBTQ+ women face even more pronounced pay gaps and discrimination.
However, the LGBTQ+ community also has a rich history of supporting one another through mutual aid. So, check with your support network to see what’s available. Be aware that seeking help and support is normal, especially during challenging political moments.
2. Acquire cash on hand
Once you know how much money you need, consider how you might get it and create cash flow, says Young. For example, can you take on extra shifts at work? A second job? Can your chosen family or a GoFundMe make up the difference?
If you need to move but don’t have cash, says Young, consider what existing lines of credit you can access, such as a home equity line of credit, or HELOC, or credit card.
Also, consider whether you would want — or be able — to take on repaying new debt over the next several months or years. Are you more comfortable taking on debt to make a move happen, or would you prefer to tough it out where you are? Young says there is no correct answer, and it’s a matter of “understanding what their priorities are to really figure out what the right path forward is.”
3. Assemble your documents and back them up
Wherever you are, it’s always helpful to get your important documents together in one place. Make photocopies of anything important, such as medical records and personal IDs, and upload them to a safe cloud location so you can access them anywhere.
4. Specify your power of attorney
Officially designating who will make medical and financial decisions on your behalf is essential to putting someone you trust in charge if something happens to you. Make your will and choose your power of attorney so one isn’t chosen for you.
This step is crucial for anyone concerned that their biological family members (or the state) might try to challenge their wishes, even if they’re married. If your situation is complicated, finding an attorney who specializes in LGBTQ+ clients can help ensure that your wishes are followed despite any contentious family relationships you may have.
The risk of not planning can include that your wishes and loved ones aren’t honored, says Frank Summers, a certified financial planner in Charlotte, North Carolina. “I know of situations in which the estate of somebody who passed away went to a family member who did not approve of their relationship, who didn’t like gay people and proceeded to make the life of the surviving partner extraordinarily difficult when that person is dealing with a tremendous and profound grief,” says Summers.
5. Connect to members of your community, old and new
Connecting to an LGBTQ+ organization or group in a new city might make you feel safer, as well as possibly open up connections to new jobs, health care providers and relationships.
As director of transgender services at The Center on Colfax in Denver, Sable Schultz has seen a significant uptick in people connecting to peer support group services in person and online as they prepare to move to Colorado. Considered a “refugee” state, Colorado has sheltered thousands of newcomers in 2024, and its Medicaid coverage includes gender-affirming services.
Summers sees particular groups of people impacted by legislation — trans and nonbinary people, people wanting to start families, people with children and people who require ongoing care. Needing to access care and not knowing if you’ll be able to get it (or, if you can get access, not knowing if you’ll receive care with respect) can be overwhelming and scary, especially in a state like North Carolina that recently banned gender-affirming care and severely restricted abortion.
So wherever you’re headed, identify a support group, Queer Exchange, Facebook affinity group, or a social service provider that can connect you with housing, medical care, community or other support nearby.
6. Plan a safe travel route
If you’re getting on the road, consider how you can safely get from one place to another, including where you can use the restroom. Be sure to check in with local queer groups to identify where travelers have successfully stopped and stayed in the past.
If moving or traveling requires you to go through states targeting the LGBTQ+ community, particularly trans and nonbinary people, make a plan for how you can drive along large interstates and stop in larger towns and cities, or at least places that identify themselves as allies to the community.
What to do if you have to move and can’t prepare
Conversations about money aren’t usually related to an immediate life or death scenario, but for too many members of the LGBTQ+ community, that is the current reality. Safety is top of mind, especially given the ongoing rise in hate crimes.
Schultz describes Colorado as a refugee state because it mandates health care protections — including requiring gender-affirming care of Medicaid services — as well as general protections around gender identity and gender expression.
Other states where gender-affirming care is practiced include Alaska, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Illinois, Kansas, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin, and Wyoming; and Washington, D.C.
If you’d feel safer in any of these states, it’s possible even a lack of financial planning shouldn’t keep you from making the move. For those who are currently unhoused or living out of their car, says Schultz, sometimes “it’s at least safer to be unhoused here [in Colorado] than it would be to be wherever they were. And they can at least get the health care that they need.”
There’s no shame in doing what you must to get to a safer place where you are valued and wanted. And if you’re an ally to the LGBTQ+ community, check in on your loved one. Consider what emotional, financial or other support you can offer them during this challenging time.
In the private mountainside community of Ascaya, located in Henderson, NV, a new residential project called The Canyon at Ascaya aims to set a new standard for luxury living.
The Canyon will be just 20 minutes from the Las Vegas Strip, offering a serene retreat near the city’s vibrant culture, adding to a growing number of options for luxury homebuyers looking to settle down in Sin City.
And there’s no shortage of wealthy buyers scooping up properties in (and around) the city.
Las Vegas is increasingly becoming a hotspot for luxury home buyers, including celebrities seeking privacy and exclusive amenities away from the public eye. Celine Dion sold a house here for $30 million last year, setting a new local real estate record and making a killer profit in the process.
Actor Mark Wahlberg bought himself a $14.5 million bungalow in The Summit Club (which he has since sold) while waiting for his mansion to be built on a separate 2.5-acre lot in the same community, which he purchased for $15.6 million. But the newest enclave isn’t necessarily targeting high rollers.
The Canyon at Ascaya will offer architecturally significant homes designed by acclaimed Nevada-based firm, Blue Heron, known for its integrated architectural, interior design, and construction services.
Sales are set to launch this spring, with potential buyers encouraged to register online for more details. But we’re here to give you a sneak peek inside the modern desert abodes.
Architectural excellence
Each home in The Canyon will be crafted to be a work of art, featuring a modern desert design that maximizes views and privacy.
These residences are strategically positioned across elevated terraces to enhance the connection between indoor and outdoor spaces. Large glass doors and expansive windows are designed to bring in natural light and offer residents unobstructed views of the surrounding desert canyon landscape.
The residences
The homes will range in size from 3,391 to 4,407 square feet, with configurations that include three and four bedrooms. The design emphasis is on creating spaces that are both aesthetically pleasing and functionally sophisticated.
The residences boast dual primary suites, spacious great rooms, and a layout that promotes seamless flow from indoor to outdoor living areas.
See also: What $20 Million buys you at The Summit Club, Las Vegas’ most exclusive residential community
Lifestyle and wellness
Beyond the stunning architecture, The Canyon promotes a lifestyle enriched with wellness and relaxation. The community features landscaped communal areas with pools, spas, and outdoor kitchens. Additionally, private wellness parks with yoga decks and meditation spaces offer residents opportunities for personal health and tranquility.
“Our architectural philosophy is rooted in the belief that a home should be a sanctuary, and at The Canyon, we’ve created sanctuaries that celebrate the distinct canvas of the desert landscape,” shares Chris Beucler, President of Blue Heron. “In every detail of The Canyon homes, you’ll find a commitment to excellence, sustainability, and design that enhances the human experience. This is modern desert living reimagined.”
Community and amenities
Residents of the new enclave will have access to the extensive amenities of the Ascaya community, in addition to the exclusive amenities within The Canyon.
This includes a 23,000-square-foot clubhouse, a 50-meter pool with private cabanas overlooking the Las Vegas Strip, and a sports pavilion offering tennis and pickleball, and a two-acre Family Park, complementing the serene living environment and providing a balanced lifestyle of leisure and activity.
Connection to Las Vegas
Located just 20 minutes from the Las Vegas Strip, The Canyon at Ascaya will offer a retreat from the bustling city life while still providing convenient access to its vibrant cultural and entertainment offerings. This balance will make The Canyon an attractive option for those seeking a peaceful home environment with the excitement of Las Vegas readily accessible.
Related: Why Summerlin is the pinnacle of luxury living in Las Vegas
Market position and sales
With a starting price of $2,900,000, The Canyon homes are positioned as a premium offering in the luxury sector of the Las Vegas real estate market. A public sales launch is scheduled for this spring, and prospective buyers can now register online to receive more information.
Lock-and-leave lifestyle
The community was designed as a lock-and-leave community — meant to be as low maintenance for the homeowners as possible, allowing them to lock the front door and be on their way to their next adventure.
“The Canyon at Ascaya represents a defining moment for lock-and-leave, resort-style living in Las Vegas,” said Sam Brown, Development lead for Ascaya. “Our vision for The Canyon at Ascaya is to craft a one-of-one community that embodies both the serenity of desert living and the convenience of modern luxury. We believe we’ve achieved that balance perfectly.”
Adding to Ascaya’s already impressive offering
Ascaya is a luxury community carved into the mountainside of the McCullough Range. It offers unparalleled views of the Las Vegas Valley and a commitment to architectural excellence that defines its collection of contemporary desert architectural homes. Each residence within Ascaya is unique, yet the community represents a cohesive expression of desert contemporary living.
Adding to the offering, The Canyon at Ascaya project extends Ascaya’s vision of delivering a luxury living experience that is both distinctive and harmonious with the desert landscape. For those seeking a modern, luxurious home in Las Vegas, The Canyon will be a compelling new option.
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First it was Ubers. Then it was Wendy’s hamburgers (except the fast food chain clarified it was technically dynamic pricing, not surge pricing). But now, the real deal — surge pricing — is targeting your checked bags.
JetBlue quietly (sneakily?) introduced “peak” and “off-peak” pricing to its checked bag fees on March 22, a fact the world was alerted to because my editor happened to check the JetBlue website. That means you have to pay $5 to $10 more each way for checked bags on JetBlue when flying during busy travel times, such as the summer, much of the winter and some random weeks in the spring.
It’s a classic example of surge pricing — a type of dynamic pricing where companies only increase prices during times of high demand, but don’t lower pricing during times of low demand.
Technically, these new dynamic baggage fees won’t affect all customers like the blanket increases some other airlines, such as Alaska and Delta, recently added. Yet they also mean more complication and confusion for customers who are trying to figure out which airline offers the lowest total price for a given route.
Dynamic prices are nothing new in the travel industry. In fact, prices that rise and fall based on the balance of supply and demand are taken for granted in everything from airfare to hotel rooms and rental cars.
And airlines are increasingly relying on these add-on fees for revenue. In 2023, airlines made a record $117.9 billion worldwide in ancillary fees, according to airline consulting firm IdeaWorksCompany and car rental technology platform CarTrawler. About $33.3 billion of that was baggage fees.
Some industry experts say the move to more fluid fee prices has been a long time coming.
“Airlines have had capabilities for years to price fares based on demand. Why not other fees as well?” says Jay Sorensen, president of IdeaWorksCompany.
Sorenson notes that many airlines have been dynamically adjusting the price of seat assignment fees for years. The cost of choosing a window seat near the front of the plane for a particular flight might cost more in December than in February because of increased demand.
Yet, it seems like airlines have been so preoccupied with whether they can make more money from increasingly complex fee structures that they haven’t stopped to think about whether they should.
What makes a fare fair?
It all comes down to how we think travel companies should price their products. Sorenson thinks we are holding airlines to a standard to which we don’t hold other retailers.
“Shopping for an airline seat is like shopping at a grocery store,” he says. “If the grocery store was required to tell you beforehand how much you were going to spend, it would be ludicrous.”
The base fare is more like the shopping cart into which we toss other add-ons, such as seat assignments, premium seating upgrades and baggage. It’s up to the consumer to compare prices at different airlines, just as it’s on them to compare prices at different grocery stores.
If JetBlue wants to charge more for eggs (baggage) near the holidays, we can decide whether we want to pay the premium or shop with an airline that doesn’t, according to Sorenson.
But I would counter by saying that charging extra for checked baggage on peak dates is more akin to charging extra for the carton that carries your eggs. It feels like a tacked-on “gotcha” fee meant to sneak under most consumers’ radar rather than a meaningful price for a meaningful good.
Whatever you think about dynamic travel fees, it’s clear that they’ll become more common than less in the coming years. What can you do?
Tips for navigating dynamic fees
It’s not reasonable to keep track of which travel providers are charging which fees at which times. I can barely do it, and it’s my entire job.
Instead, it’s worth getting a sense of which airlines tend to charge higher fees overall, and, frankly, avoiding those brands if you want any add-ons at all.
For example, Frontier Airlines charges $157 each way in basic add-on fees while Southwest Airlines charges $0, according to the latest NerdWallet analysis.
So the simplest tip is to fly on Southwest Airlines. It doesn’t have dynamic prices for fees because it has so few fees, period. Two checked bags per person are free.
If that’s not feasible, you might consider getting a co-branded airline credit card, many of which offer free checked bags. Because baggage fees are becoming increasingly complex, this type of credit card lets you avoid the headache of dealing with them altogether, just as paying for Spotify Premium lets you avoid those terrible ads.
Finally, skip seat selection fees if you possibly can. These fees are sneaky and difficult to compare between airlines, but they’re almost always optional. And, as Sorensen points out, they are essentially charging for something that costs the airlines nothing.
“When something is pure margin, my advice to airlines is ‘don’t be so greedy,’” he says.
How to maximize your rewards
You want a travel credit card that prioritizes what’s important to you. Here are our picks for the best travel credit cards of 2024, including those best for:
President Joe Biden, in his ongoing crusade against hidden junk fees, has so far cracked down on event ticketing, airlines, financial companies and rental housing. The next target: junk fees at colleges and in student lending.
On Friday, the Biden administration announced several new actions to alleviate the burden of these superfluous fees. The most significant would be the elimination of origination fees for federal student loans — if it passes muster with Congress.
“We feel strongly that there are times where the American consumer is kind of played for a sucker,” says Neera Tanden, domestic policy advisor to Biden. “There’s a hidden fee or there’s some way in which a company or an entity is basically using its market power to make you pay a fee that you shouldn’t have to.”
Junk fees are the label given to the irksome and often surprise surcharges to what you’re already paying for. This includes things like credit card late fees, overdraft fees at banks, amenity and resort fees at hotels, service fees for event ticketing or food delivery, as well as seat selection fees on airlines. For over a year, the Biden administration has taken several actions to curb junk fees and surface hidden fees.
End student loan origination fees
On the student lending side, Biden would eliminate the student loan origination fee as part of his 2025 budget proposal.
Origination fees are the percentage of the loan amount that’s considered a processing fee. The fee ends up being tacked on to loan balances, which means borrowers would pay interest on the fee over the life of the loan. Origination fee rates range from 1% for undergraduate loans to 4% for graduate and parent PLUS loans.
Tanden, who spoke with NerdWallet in an exclusive interview, calls origination fees a “relic of the past” when private lenders originated student loans backed by the government, which hasn’t been the case since 2010 when the federal government began exclusively lending directly rather than guaranteeing loans made by private financial institutions. She adds that there’s no current rationale for it in federal student lending.
Borrowers collectively spend more than $1 billion annually on origination fees, according to a release by the administration. However, Biden can’t get rid of origination fees unless Congress approves it as part of the nation’s 2025 budget.
Tanden says she hopes the proposal will be treated as a nonpartisan issue. “We know that Republicans have welcomed ways to cut back on taxes for people,” she says. “This is really just a tax on student borrowing.”
If origination fees are eliminated, it would impact future student loans only, not existing debt.
Eliminate junk fees with student banking products
The college-related fees Biden is targeting include “high and unusual fees” associated with student financial products. Colleges and universities often offer bank accounts and credit cards as part of affiliations with financial institutions. These fees include insufficient funds fees, maintenance fees and closure fees.
Biden wants to block financial companies that partner with colleges to disburse Title IV funds (such as student loans) from charging fees to students. The administration says these junk fees are out of step since banks have largely phased them out.
The measure to end junk fees for college banking and student credit cards is currently in the formal process known as negotiated rulemaking. Though it doesn’t require approval by Congress, don’t expect a change anytime soon.
Empower students to authorize tuition charges for textbooks
Many colleges and universities have long included textbooks as part of students’ tuition bills. That means that the charge is automatically included and students have to pay for course materials regardless of the actual costs available on the market. Students might be able to find textbooks cheaper somewhere else, but colleges still bundle those anticipated costs as part of tuition.
Biden is proposing that students be required to authorize a charge on their tuition bill for textbooks and other required materials for their courses. The administration says these changes would provide students with the opportunity to do a cost comparison to find the cheapest options or eliminate the cost altogether by accessing free open-source textbooks.
“The college has a lot of power and sway and these are ways that, you know, essentially consumers — your students — are forced to pay for things that they should be able to look at cheaper costs,” says Tanden.
These changes are also in the negotiated rulemaking process and don’t require congressional approval.
Require colleges to return unused ‘flex dollars’ and meal plans
Students are often required to purchase meal plans with their college or university, which are used for dining hall meals or as “flex dollars” to pay for food elsewhere on campus. But at the end of each semester, schools can rescind any remaining funds. That means students must spend the money before the semester ends or forfeit what they’ve already paid for — often with student loans.
“Students are often taking on debt in their college years to pay for the cost of living, as well as their tuition, and because of interest that could grow in cost,” says Tanden.
The Biden administration would halt colleges from taking leftover funds and instead require them to return the remaining dollars to students.
The administration announced it is now formally considering this regulation. It would need to move through the negotiated rulemaking process and wouldn’t need approval by Congress.
Photo by Drew Angerer/Getty Images News via Getty Images
President Joe Biden, in his ongoing crusade against hidden junk fees, has so far cracked down on event ticketing, airlines, financial companies and rental housing. The next target: junk fees at colleges and in student lending.
On Friday, the Biden administration announced several new actions to alleviate the burden of these superfluous fees. The most significant would be the elimination of origination fees for federal student loans — if it passes muster with Congress.
“We feel strongly that there are times where the American consumer is kind of played for a sucker,” says Neera Tanden, domestic policy advisor to Biden. “There’s a hidden fee or there’s some way in which a company or an entity is basically using its market power to make you pay a fee that you shouldn’t have to.”
Junk fees are the label given to the irksome and often surprise surcharges to what you’re already paying for. This includes things like credit card late fees, overdraft fees at banks, amenity and resort fees at hotels, service fees for event ticketing or food delivery, as well as seat selection fees on airlines. For over a year, the Biden administration has taken several actions to curb junk fees and surface hidden fees.
End student loan origination fees
On the student lending side, Biden would eliminate the student loan origination fee as part of his 2025 budget proposal.
Origination fees are the percentage of the loan amount that’s considered a processing fee. The fee ends up being tacked on to loan balances, which means borrowers would pay interest on the fee over the life of the loan. Origination fee rates range from 1% for undergraduate loans to 4% for graduate and parent PLUS loans.
Tanden, who spoke with NerdWallet in an exclusive interview, calls origination fees a “relic of the past” when private lenders originated student loans backed by the government, which hasn’t been the case since 2010 when the federal government began exclusively lending directly rather than guaranteeing loans made by private financial institutions. She adds that there’s no current rationale for it in federal student lending.
Borrowers collectively spend more than $1 billion annually on origination fees, according to a release by the administration. However, Biden can’t get rid of origination fees unless Congress approves it as part of the nation’s 2025 budget.
Tanden says she hopes the proposal will be treated as a nonpartisan issue. “We know that Republicans have welcomed ways to cut back on taxes for people,” she says. “This is really just a tax on student borrowing.”
If origination fees are eliminated, it would impact future student loans only, not existing debt.
Eliminate junk fees with student banking products
The college-related fees Biden is targeting include “high and unusual fees” associated with student financial products. Colleges and universities often offer bank accounts and credit cards as part of affiliations with financial institutions. These fees include insufficient funds fees, maintenance fees and closure fees.
Biden wants to block financial companies that partner with colleges to disburse Title IV funds (such as student loans) from charging fees to students. The administration says these junk fees are out of step since banks have largely phased them out.
The measure to end junk fees for college banking and student credit cards is currently in the formal process known as negotiated rulemaking. Though it doesn’t require approval by Congress, don’t expect a change anytime soon.
Empower students to authorize tuition charges for textbooks
Many colleges and universities have long included textbooks as part of students’ tuition bills. That means that the charge is automatically included and students have to pay for course materials regardless of the actual costs available on the market. Students might be able to find textbooks cheaper somewhere else, but colleges still bundle those anticipated costs as part of tuition.
Biden is proposing that students be required to authorize a charge on their tuition bill for textbooks and other required materials for their courses. The administration says these changes would provide students with the opportunity to do a cost comparison to find the cheapest options or eliminate the cost altogether by accessing free open-source textbooks.
“The college has a lot of power and sway and these are ways that, you know, essentially consumers — your students — are forced to pay for things that they should be able to look at cheaper costs,” says Tanden.
These changes are also in the negotiated rulemaking process and don’t require congressional approval.
Require colleges to return unused ‘flex dollars’ and meal plans
Students are often required to purchase meal plans with their college or university, which are used for dining hall meals or as “flex dollars” to pay for food elsewhere on campus. But at the end of each semester, schools can rescind any remaining funds. That means students must spend the money before the semester ends or forfeit what they’ve already paid for — often with student loans.
“Students are often taking on debt in their college years to pay for the cost of living, as well as their tuition, and because of interest that could grow in cost,” says Tanden.
The Biden administration would halt colleges from taking leftover funds and instead require them to return the remaining dollars to students.
The administration announced it is now formally considering this regulation. It would need to move through the negotiated rulemaking process and wouldn’t need approval by Congress.
Photo by Drew Angerer/Getty Images News via Getty Images
A day after targeting the title insurance industry, the Biden Administration has put the rest of the real estate finance process in its crosshairs.
On March 8, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau posted a blog inviting consumers to tell it how “junk fees” in the closing process affect them.
While not able to speak to the specifics of the posting, nor about any possible actions the regulator might take, the Community Home Lenders of America “is thrilled that they’re jumping into this,” Scott Olson, its executive director, said in an interview.
“We’ve actually used this phrase [junk fees] ourselves a couple of years or so ago” he said in regards to click fees lenders are charged by third party vendors, which are passed on to consumers.
Others in the industry had a hard time understanding where the CFPB was coming from.
“The CFPB’s blog post is baffling and reveals little understanding of how the mortgage market works or awareness of its own regulations that provide for full fee transparency and limits on what can be charged,” Bob Broeksmit, president and CEO of the Mortgage Bankers Association, said in a lengthy statement.
“The fees mentioned are clearly disclosed to borrowers well before a home purchase on forms developed and prescribed by the Dodd-Frank Act and the CFPB itself,” he added, referring to the TILA-RESPA Integrated Disclosures, also known as TRID. One of those disclosures, the loan estimate, is given when the borrower contacts the originator and is supposed to be used to shop.
The other form – the closing disclosure presented at the end of the process – must be within certain tolerances of the data provided on the loan estimate.
“In 2020, the CFPB issued a report praising its own rule for improving consumers’ ability to locate key information, compare terms and costs between initial disclosures and final disclosures, and compare terms and costs across mortgage offers,” Broeksmit said.
But in Olson’s view, “transparency is not the same as competition.”
The CHLA has been supportive of the use of title insurance alternatives like attorney opinion letters, that could reduce costs to borrowers.
“We think that opening up the line of sight on some of these things is reasonable where there really is not competition,” Olson said.
CHLA plans to “comment vigorously” to the CFPB, he continued, adding that it has done so regarding competition and fees charges in the not-so-distant past, particularly in regards to the Intercontinental Exchange purchase of Black Knight.
As far back as 2003, if not even earlier, the government has had so-called mortgage junk fees in its crosshairs. Mel Martinez, Department of Housing and Urban Development secretary under President George W. Bush, said in a speech before the National Community Reinvestment Coalition almost exactly 11 years ago that members of Congress did not understand that reform proposal would help consumers understand the mortgage process and the costs involved so they don’t become “victims” of junk fees and broker abuse.
The CFPB, in its recent post, took its own shot at the lender policy portion of title insurance, saying the borrower has no control or options.
“Instead of paying this fee themselves, lenders make borrowers pay the cost,” said the blog posting authored by Julie Margetta Morgan, associate director. “The amount that borrowers pay for lender’s title insurance is often much greater than the risk.”
The CHLA has been supportive of the use of title insurance alternatives like attorney opinion letters, that could reduce costs to borrowers.
“We think that opening up the line of sight on some of these things is reasonable where there really is not competition,” Olson said.
The American Land Title Association issued commentary on the CFPB blog.
“Reform of mortgage closing costs is unnecessary,” the ALTA response said. “The contradictory use of the term ‘junk fee’ conflicts with the White House’s own definition, which cites the lack of disclosure of the fee being charged.”
Credit reports also were specifically mentioned as a problem area in the CFPB posting, claiming the business lacks competition and choice.
“The CFPB has heard reports of recent costs spiking 25% to as much as 400%,” the agency said. “At the same time, we estimate that nationwide credit reporting companies made over $1.3 billion annually.”
CFPB is also looking for consumer comment on the payment of discount points, although the posting does not distinguish between temporary and permanent rate buydowns.
“We are paying particular attention to the recent rise in discount points,” the posting said. “A higher percentage of borrowers reported paying discount points in 2022 than any other years since this data point was first reported in 2018.”
The agency said 50.2% of home purchase borrowers paid some discount points in 2022, with the median dollar amount being $2,370, up from 32.1% and $1,225 one year earlier.
The Biden Administration has just unveiled a number of proposals to make homeownership more affordable.
Aside from legislation to build and renovate more than two million homes, they are calling on Congress to approve a pair of new “mortgage relief credits.”
One targets prospective home buyers grappling with significantly higher mortgage rates, while the other addresses home sellers dealing with mortgage rate lock-in.
Both are intended to increase the supply of homes for sale, which has been below healthy levels for several years now.
The question remains whether incentivizing home buying is what’s necessary for the housing market at the moment.
$5,000 Tax Credit for Two Years for First-Time Home Buyers
The mortgage relief that targets home buyers would provide a tax credit of $5,000 for two years to first-time home buyers.
Generally, this is defined as someone without ownership interest in the three years preceding the home purchase.
In total, these new home buyers could snag $10,000 in tax savings over the first two years.
A tax credit directly reduces your tax bill, unlike a deduction, which simply reduces your taxable income.
This piece of legislation is intended to tackle the high mortgage rates currently available, which nearly tripled from below 3% to above 8% recently.
Per the White House fact sheet, the $10,000 in savings is the equivalent of reducing the borrower’s mortgage rate by more than 1.5 percentage points on a median-priced home.
At last glance, the median home was valued at roughly $418,000. Of course, these savings only exist for two years. More on that in a moment.
The Biden administration believes this credit could help more than 3.5 million middle-class families purchase their very first home over the next two years.
$10,000 Tax Credit for Home Sellers
The other mortgage relief credit would incentivize home sellers, many of whom have been reluctant to sell because of their very cheap mortgages.
Known as the mortgage rate lock-in effect, it’s the concept of staying put for fear of losing your existing mortgage rate if you move. And having to replace it with a much higher one.
To offset this lock-in effect, middle-class families who sell their “starter home” to another owner-occupant would receive a tax credit of up to $10,000.
They define a starter home as one valued below the area median home price in the county where it’s located.
The Biden administration thinks this could unlock homes that no longer fit the needs of many households nationwide, and help an estimated three million families i the process.
On top of these tax credits, they are still pushing for $25,000 in down payment assistance to first-generation home buyers.
And they’re targeting the elimination of certain closing costs, such as lender’s title insurance, which could save the average homeowner $750 when refinancing.
But Won’t This Just Increase Demand at a Time When Supply Is Already Too Low?
While the new proposals might be well-intentioned, one has to wonder if they won’t simply stoke demand at a time when supply remains far too low.
Sure, there’s an incentive to both buy and sell a home with these tax credits, but it’s unclear how many existing owners would sell just to get the $10,000 tax credit.
After all, if they’re sitting on a 2-3% 30-year fixed mortgage rate, it wouldn’t take long for the $10,000 to be absorbed via their new, much higher housing costs.
Just pretend a family holds a $300,000 mortgage set at 2.75%. Their monthly principal and interest payment is $1,224.72.
If they sold and then bought another property for say $400,000 with a rate of 6.5%, their new monthly P&I would be $2,528.27.
That’s a difference of over $1,300 per month, which would eat up the $10,000 credit in less than eight months!
These sellers would also have to incur moving costs, closing costs on a new mortgage, and compete with other home buyers to find a replacement property.
The credit for first-time home buyers could also arguably result in hotter demand, even if more homes were coming online.
Lastly, it seems they’re banking on lower mortgage rates in the near future, at which point these first-time buyers would be able to get more permanent savings beyond year two via a rate and term refinance.
In the end, it appears we’re stuck between a rock and a hard place. Ultimately, the accommodative interest rate policy of the past decade created a serious divide of haves and have nots.
And without a lot more inventory, or perhaps slightly lower mortgage rates that allow transactions to occur naturally again, it might be a while before things normalize again.