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Today’s mortgage rates
Average mortgage rates edged higher yesterday. It was a modest increase by any standards but tiny by comparison with Wednesday’s big jump.
First thing, it was looking as if mortgage rates today could fall. But that could change later in the day.
Current mortgage and refinance rates
Find your lowest rate. Start here
Our table is having technical problems. But we’re working hard to fix them.
Program | Mortgage Rate | APR* | Change |
---|---|---|---|
30-year fixed VA | 7.222% | 7.262% | +0.05 |
Conventional 20-year fixed | 7.007% | 7.058% | +0.07 |
Conventional 10-year fixed | 6.51% | 6.584% | +0.09 |
Conventional 30-year fixed | 7.127% | 7.173% | +0.07 |
30-year fixed FHA | 7.056% | 7.1% | +0.09 |
Conventional 15-year fixed | 6.64% | 6.713% | +0.1 |
5/1 ARM Conventional | 6.785% | 7.888% | +0.08 |
Rates are provided by our partner network, and may not reflect the market. Your rate might be different. Click here for a personalized rate quote. See our rate assumptions See our rate assumptions here. |
Should you lock your mortgage rate today?
Markets have turned gloomy over the prospects of the Federal Reserve cutting general interest rates over the next few months. And that’s been pushing mortgage rates higher.
So, for now, my personal rate lock recommendations remain:
- LOCK if closing in 7 days
- LOCK if closing in 15 days
- LOCK if closing in 30 days
- LOCK if closing in 45 days
- LOCK if closing in 60 days
However, with so much uncertainty at the moment, your instincts could easily turn out to be as good as mine — or better. So, let your gut and your own tolerance for risk help guide you.
>Related: 7 Tips to get the best refinance rate
Market data affecting today’s mortgage rates
Here’s a snapshot of the state of play this morning at about 9:50 a.m. (ET). The data are mostly compared with roughly the same time the business day before, so much of the movement will often have happened in the previous session. The numbers are:
- The yield on 10-year Treasury notes fell to 4.50% from 4.55%. (Good for mortgage rates.) More than any other market, mortgage rates typically tend to follow these particular Treasury bond yields
- Major stock indexes were falling this morning. (Good for mortgage rates.) When investors buy shares, they’re often selling bonds, which pushes those prices down and increases yields and mortgage rates. The opposite may happen when indexes are lower. But this is an imperfect relationship
- Oil prices increased to $87.42 from $85.57 a barrel. (Bad for mortgage rates*.) Energy prices play a prominent role in creating inflation and also point to future economic activity
- Gold prices climbed to $2,414 from $2,361 an ounce. (Good for mortgage rates*.) It is generally better for rates when gold prices rise and worse when they fall. Because gold tends to rise when investors worry about the economy.
- CNN Business Fear & Greed index — fell to 51 from 54 out of 100. (Good for mortgage rates.) “Greedy” investors push bond prices down (and interest rates up) as they leave the bond market and move into stocks, while “fearful” investors do the opposite. So, lower readings are often better than higher ones
*A movement of less than $20 on gold prices or 40 cents on oil ones is a change of 1% or less. So we only count meaningful differences as good or bad for mortgage rates.
Caveats about markets and rates
Before the pandemic, post-pandemic upheavals, and war in Ukraine, you could look at the above figures and make a pretty good guess about what would happen to mortgage rates that day. But that’s no longer the case. We still make daily calls. And are usually right. But our record for accuracy won’t achieve its former high levels until things settle down.
So, use markets only as a rough guide. Because they have to be exceptionally strong or weak to rely on them. But, with that caveat, mortgage rates today look likely to decrease. However, be aware that “intraday swings” (when rates change speed or direction during the day) are a common feature right now.
Find your lowest rate. Start here
What’s driving mortgage rates today?
Today
Two economic reports are scheduled for this morning.
The March import price index (IPI) landed at 8:30 a.m. Eastern. And that would normally be bad for mortgage rates. Markets had been expecting it to hold steady at 0.3% and it came in at 0.4%.
So, how come mortgage rates were falling first thing? Well, it’s too early to be sure. But those rates often move in the opposite direction after a sharp movement one way or the other. That’s simply markets reflecting on the change and deciding they over-reacted.
This morning’s other report isn’t due until 10 a.m. Eastern. And that means I won’t have time before my deadline to assess its likely impact on markets. They were expecting the preliminary consumer sentiment index for April to improve slightly to 79.9% from 79.4%.
A lower figure may help mortgage rates to fall while a higher one could push them upward. But this is one of those reports that rarely move those rates far unless they contain shockingly good or bad data.
Mortgage rates might also be affected by earnings reports later from three of the biggest U.S. banks, JPMorgan Chase, Wells Fargo and Citigroup. If they all tell a really positive story, stock market reactions could spill over into the bond market that largely determines mortgage rates.
Next week
We’ve had April’s two most important reports over the last six days. And, taken together, they were pretty bad for mortgage rates.
Next week’s reports aren’t typically as influential by a long way. But a couple of them (retail sales and industrial production) could move mortgage rates higher if they feed markets’ current pessimism over Fed rate cuts — or push them downward if they contradict it.
Don’t forget you can always learn more about what’s driving mortgage rates in the most recent weekend edition of this daily report. These provide a more detailed analysis of what’s happening. They are published each Saturday morning soon after 10 a.m. (ET) and include a preview of the following week.
Recent trends
According to Freddie Mac’s archives, the weekly all-time lowest rate for 30-year, fixed-rate mortgages was set on Jan. 7, 2021, when it stood at 2.65%. The weekly all-time high was 18.63% on Sep. 10, 1981.
Freddie’s Apr. 11 report put that same weekly average at 6.88%, up from the previous week’s 6.82%. But note that Freddie’s data are almost always out of date by the time it announces its weekly figures.
Expert forecasts for mortgage rates
Looking further ahead, Fannie Mae and the Mortgage Bankers Association (MBA) each has a team of economists dedicated to monitoring and forecasting what will happen to the economy, the housing sector and mortgage rates.
And here are their rate forecasts for the four quarters of 2024 (Q1/24, Q2/24 Q3/24 and Q4/24).
The numbers in the table below are for 30-year, fixed-rate mortgages. Fannie’s were updated on Mar. 19 and the MBA’s on Mar. 22.
Forecaster | Q1/24 | Q2/24 | Q3/24 | Q4/24 |
Fannie Mae | 6.7% | 6.7% | 6.6% | 6.4% |
MBA | 6.8% | 6.6% | 6.3% | 6.1% |
Of course, given so many unknowables, both these forecasts might be even more speculative than usual. And their past record for accuracy hasn’t been wildly impressive.
Important notes on today’s mortgage rates
Here are some things you need to know:
- Typically, mortgage rates go up when the economy’s doing well and down when it’s in trouble. But there are exceptions. Read ‘How mortgage rates are determined and why you should care’
- Only “top-tier” borrowers (with stellar credit scores, big down payments, and very healthy finances) get the ultralow mortgage rates you’ll see advertised
- Lenders vary. Yours may or may not follow the crowd when it comes to daily rate movements — though they all usually follow the broader trend over time
- When daily rate changes are small, some lenders will adjust closing costs and leave their rate cards the same
- Refinance rates are typically close to those for purchases.
A lot is going on at the moment. And nobody can claim to know with certainty what will happen to mortgage rates in the coming hours, days, weeks or months.
Find your lowest mortgage rate today
You should comparison shop widely, no matter what sort of mortgage you want. Federal regulator the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau found in May 2023:
“Mortgage borrowers are paying around $100 a month more depending on which lender they choose, for the same type of loan and the same consumer characteristics (such as credit score and down payment).”
In other words, over the lifetime of a 30-year loan, homebuyers who don’t bother to get quotes from multiple lenders risk losing an average of $36,000. What could you do with that sort of money?
Verify your new rate
Mortgage rate methodology
The Mortgage Reports receives rates based on selected criteria from multiple lending partners each day. We arrive at an average rate and APR for each loan type to display in our chart. Because we average an array of rates, it gives you a better idea of what you might find in the marketplace. Furthermore, we average rates for the same loan types. For example, FHA fixed with FHA fixed. The end result is a good snapshot of daily rates and how they change over time.
How your mortgage interest rate is determined
Mortgage and refinance rates vary a lot depending on each borrower’s unique situation.
Factors that determine your mortgage interest rate include:
- Overall strength of the economy — A strong economy usually means higher rates, while a weaker one can push current mortgage rates down to promote borrowing
- Lender capacity — When a lender is very busy, it will increase rates to deter new business and give its loan officers some breathing room
- Property type (condo, single-family, town house, etc.) — A primary residence, meaning a home you plan to live in full time, will have a lower interest rate. Investment properties, second homes, and vacation homes have higher mortgage rates
- Loan-to-value ratio (determined by your down payment) — Your loan-to-value ratio (LTV) compares your loan amount to the value of the home. A lower LTV, meaning a bigger down payment, gets you a lower mortgage rate
- Debt-To-Income ratio — This number compares your total monthly debts to your pretax income. The more debt you currently have, the less room you’ll have in your budget for a mortgage payment
- Loan term — Loans with a shorter term (like a 15-year mortgage) typically have lower rates than a 30-year loan term
- Borrower’s credit score — Typically the higher your credit score is, the lower your mortgage rate, and vice versa
- Mortgage discount points — Borrowers have the option to buy discount points or ‘mortgage points’ at closing. These let you pay money upfront to lower your interest rate
Remember, every mortgage lender weighs these factors a little differently.
To find the best rate for your situation, you’ll want to get personalized estimates from a few different lenders.
Verify your new rate. Start here
Are refinance rates the same as mortgage rates?
Rates for a home purchase and mortgage refinance are often similar.
However, some lenders will charge more for a refinance under certain circumstances.
Typically when rates fall, homeowners rush to refinance. They see an opportunity to lock in a lower rate and payment for the rest of their loan.
This creates a tidal wave of new work for mortgage lenders.
Unfortunately, some lenders don’t have the capacity or crew to process a large number of refinance loan applications.
In this case, a lender might raise its rates to deter new business and give loan officers time to process loans currently in the pipeline.
Also, cashing out equity can result in a higher rate when refinancing.
Cash-out refinances pose a greater risk for mortgage lenders, so they’re often priced higher than new home purchases and rate-term refinances.
Check your refinance rates today. Start here
How to get the lowest mortgage or refinance rate
Since rates can vary, always shop around when buying a house or refinancing a mortgage.
Comparison shopping can potentially save thousands, even tens of thousands of dollars over the life of your loan.
Here are a few tips to keep in mind:
1. Get multiple quotes
Many borrowers make the mistake of accepting the first mortgage or refinance offer they receive.
Some simply go with the bank they use for checking and savings since that can seem easiest.
However, your bank might not offer the best mortgage deal for you. And if you’re refinancing, your financial situation may have changed enough that your current lender is no longer your best bet.
So get multiple quotes from at least three different lenders to find the right one for you.
2. Compare Loan Estimates
When shopping for a mortgage or refinance, lenders will provide a Loan Estimate that breaks down important costs associated with the loan.
You’ll want to read these Loan Estimates carefully and compare costs and fees line-by-line, including:
- Interest rate
- Annual percentage rate (APR)
- Monthly mortgage payment
- Loan origination fees
- Rate lock fees
- Closing costs
Remember, the lowest interest rate isn’t always the best deal.
Annual percentage rate (APR) can help you compare the ‘real’ cost of two loans. It estimates your total yearly cost including interest and fees.
Also, pay close attention to your closing costs.
Some lenders may bring their rates down by charging more upfront via discount points. These can add thousands to your out-of-pocket costs.
3. Negotiate your mortgage rate
You can also negotiate your mortgage rate to get a better deal.
Let’s say you get loan estimates from two lenders. Lender A offers the better rate, but you prefer your loan terms from Lender B. Talk to Lender B and see if they can beat the former’s pricing.
You might be surprised to find that a lender is willing to give you a lower interest rate in order to keep your business.
And if they’re not, keep shopping — there’s a good chance someone will.
Fixed-rate mortgage vs. adjustable-rate mortgage: Which is right for you?
Mortgage borrowers can choose between a fixed-rate mortgage and an adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM).
Fixed-rate mortgages (FRMs) have interest rates that never change unless you decide to refinance. This results in predictable monthly payments and stability over the life of your loan.
Adjustable-rate loans have a low interest rate that’s fixed for a set number of years (typically five or seven). After the initial fixed-rate period, the interest rate adjusts every year based on market conditions.
With each rate adjustment, a borrower’s mortgage rate can either increase, decrease, or stay the same. These loans are unpredictable since monthly payments can change each year.
Adjustable-rate mortgages are fitting for borrowers who expect to move before their first rate adjustment, or who can afford a higher future payment.
In most other cases, a fixed-rate mortgage is typically the safer and better choice.
Remember, if rates drop sharply, you are free to refinance and lock in a lower rate and payment later on.
How your credit score affects your mortgage rate
You don’t need a high credit score to qualify for a home purchase or refinance, but your credit score will affect your rate.
This is because credit history determines risk level.
Historically speaking, borrowers with higher credit scores are less likely to default on their mortgages, so they qualify for lower rates.
So, for the best rate, aim for a credit score of 720 or higher.
Mortgage programs that don’t require a high score include:
- Conventional home loans — minimum 620 credit score
- FHA loans — minimum 500 credit score (with a 10% down
payment) or 580 (with a 3.5% down payment) - VA loans — no minimum credit score, but 620 is common
- USDA loans — minimum 640 credit score
Ideally, you want to check your credit report and score at least 6 months before applying for a mortgage. This gives you time to sort out any errors and make sure your score is as high as possible.
If you’re ready to apply now, it’s still worth checking so you have a good idea of what loan programs you might qualify for and how your score will affect your rate.
You can get your credit report from AnnualCreditReport.com and your score from MyFico.com.
How big of a down payment do I need?
Nowadays, mortgage programs don’t require the conventional 20 percent down.
Indeed, first-time home buyers put only 6 percent down on average.
Down payment minimums vary depending on the loan program. For example:
- Conventional home loans require a down payment between 3%
and 5% - FHA loans require 3.5% down
- VA and USDA loans allow zero down payment
- Jumbo loans typically require at least 5% to 10% down
Keep in mind, a higher down payment reduces your risk as a borrower and helps you negotiate a better mortgage rate.
If you are able to make a 20 percent down payment, you can avoid paying for mortgage insurance.
This is an added cost paid by the borrower, which protects their lender in case of default or foreclosure.
But a big down payment is not required.
For many people, it makes sense to make a smaller down payment in order to buy a house sooner and start building home equity.
Verify your new rate. Start here
Choosing the right type of home loan
No two mortgage loans are alike, so it’s important to know your options and choose the right type of mortgage.
The five main types of mortgages include:
Fixed-rate mortgage (FRM)
Your interest rate remains the same over the life of the loan. This is a good option for borrowers who expect to live in their homes long-term.
The most popular loan option is the 30-year mortgage, but 15- and 20-year terms are also commonly available.
Adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM)
Adjustable-rate loans have a fixed interest rate for the first few years. Then, your mortgage rate resets every year.
Your rate and payment can rise or fall annually depending on how the broader interest rate trends.
ARMs are ideal for borrowers who expect to move prior to their first rate adjustment (usually in 5 or 7 years).
For those who plan to stay in their home long-term, a fixed-rate mortgage is typically recommended.
Jumbo mortgage
A jumbo loan is a mortgage that exceeds the conforming loan limit set by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
In 2023, the conforming loan limit is $726,200 in most areas.
Jumbo loans are perfect for borrowers who need a larger loan to purchase a high-priced property, especially in big cities with high real estate values.
FHA mortgage
A government loan backed by the Federal Housing Administration for low- to moderate-income borrowers. FHA loans feature low credit score and down payment requirements.
VA mortgage
A government loan backed by the Department of Veterans Affairs. To be eligible, you must be active-duty military, a veteran, a Reservist or National Guard service member, or an eligible spouse.
VA loans allow no down payment and have exceptionally low mortgage rates.
USDA mortgage
USDA loans are a government program backed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. They offer a no-down-payment solution for borrowers who purchase real estate in an eligible rural area. To qualify, your income must be at or below the local median.
Bank statement loan
Borrowers can qualify for a mortgage without tax returns, using their personal or business bank account as evidence of their financial circumstances. This is an option for self-employed or seasonally-employed borrowers.
Portfolio/Non-QM loan
These are mortgages that lenders don’t sell on the secondary mortgage market. And this gives lenders the flexibility to set their own guidelines.
Non-QM loans may have lower credit score requirements or offer low-down-payment options without mortgage insurance.
Choosing the right mortgage lender
The lender or loan program that’s right for one person might not be right for another.
Explore your options and then pick a loan based on your credit score, down payment, and financial goals, as well as local home prices.
Whether you’re getting a mortgage for a home purchase or a refinance, always shop around and compare rates and terms.
Typically, it only takes a few hours to get quotes from multiple lenders. And it could save you thousands in the long run.
Time to make a move? Let us find the right mortgage for you
Current mortgage rates methodology
We receive current mortgage rates each day from a network of mortgage lenders that offer home purchase and refinance loans. Those mortgage rates shown here are based on sample borrower profiles that vary by loan type. See our full loan assumptions here.
Source: themortgagereports.com
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Key takeaways
- A wholesale mortgage lender is an institution that funds mortgages and offers them through third parties, such as a bank, credit union or mortgage broker.
- Wholesale mortgage lending requires the borrower to work with a middleman instead of the lender.
- Wholesale lenders can offer cheaper rates and more relaxed eligibility rules compared to traditional lenders.
There are a bevy of mortgage lenders out there, but they come in two basic types: retail and wholesale. The difference is, while retail lenders work directly with individual borrowers, wholesale mortgage lenders don’t.
Instead, they fund mortgages and offer them through third parties, such as another financial institution, like a bank, credit union or other lender. Or, they partner with mortgage brokers, who work with individuals to find the right loan — sometimes at a discounted rate — and prepare the application.
Here’s what to know about wholesale lending and what to expect if you borrow money from a wholesale mortgage lender.
How wholesale lending works
In wholesale lending, the borrower typically doesn’t have direct contact with the firm putting up the money. Instead, the borrower interacts with a third party — another financial institution or professional. This party is the one the borrower applies through; it’s also the one communicating with the applicant throughout the loan’s underwriting process. But it’s the wholesale lender that sets the mortgage options and terms.
It’s also the wholesaler who technically owns the mortgage. And, once their loans close, wholesale lenders typically sell them in the secondary mortgage market to free up capital to fund more mortgages.
Because they don’t do consumer advertising and marketing, and don’t have to employ customer reps, wholesale mortgage lenders often offer more competitive rates and more flexible loan options and requirements than retail lenders.
Wholesale vs. retail mortgage lenders
The major differences between wholesale and retail mortgage lenders:
- Middleman presence: Wholesale lenders don’t deal directly with borrowers; they operate behind the financing scenes. In contrast, retail lenders connect with borrowers directly.
- Limited home loan options: Wholesaler lenders typically have fairly narrow home loan offerings. However, when working with a retail lender (such as a bank or credit union), borrowers can usually pick from multiple home loan products, which are underwritten, serviced and funded in-house by the lender.
- Additional financial products: Wholesale mortgage lending companies exclusively focus on home loans. Retail lenders tend to offer other financial products as well, like lines of credit, checking accounts and business loans.
The role of mortgage brokers in wholesale lending
If you’re interested in easy comparison shopping and having someone who can walk you through the lending process, the mortgage broker-and-wholesale lender route might be a good fit for you.
Mortgage brokers typically have existing relationships with wholesale lenders. They act as the lender’s loan officer, in a sense. You’ll work with the broker to complete each step in the application process. Once your application is ready for review, the broker will coordinate with the wholesale lender’s underwriting team for approval.
The broker’s role doesn’t stop with assisting the prospective borrower with their mortgage application. They also work to find you the best deal on a mortgage. Since they can shop your information around to their wholesale lender contacts, you could secure more competitive rates and terms than you would if shopping for a home loan independently. Often, they’ll present you with several options, and help you decide among them.
Wholesale mortgage lending process
Below is an overview of what to expect if you decide to go the wholesale lender route via a mortgage broker:
- Step 1: Connect with the mortgage broker to complete a loan application and gather documentation the wholesale lender needs to make a decision.
- Step 2: The mortgage broker confirms your application is complete and submits it to the wholesale lender for review.
- Step 3: Upon receipt, a member of the wholesale lender’s underwriting team analyzes your loan application, along with the supporting documentation, and verifies the entries to make a lending decision.
- Step 4: If your application is approved, the mortgage broker provides you with a commitment letter from the wholesale lender detailing the loan terms and any applicable conditions.
- Step 5: The mortgage broker coordinates with the wholesale lender to close your home loan. If there are any conditions the borrower must satisfy for the loan to finalize, the mortgage broker notifies the borrower during this step.
- Step 6: Once all conditions are met, the wholesale lender issues the “clear to close” to the mortgage broker, and the broker notifies the borrower. The borrower sends their down payment and the funds for closing costs (which include the broker’s fee if applicable) to the title company shortly before closing.
- Step 7: At closing, the borrower signs the loan documents to finalize their end of the transaction.
- Step 8: The wholesale lender funds the home loan.
Pros and cons of wholesale mortgage lending
If you’re considering wholesale mortgage lending, keep these pros and cons in mind to guide your decision:
Pros of wholesale mortgage lending
- Potentially less stringent eligibility guidelines
- Potentially more competitive rates and flexible loan terms
- Personalized support from a mortgage broker
Cons of wholesale mortgage lending
- No direct contact with the lender
- Mortgage broker fees (if applicable)
- Higher likelihood of loan sell-off following closing
The top wholesale mortgage lenders in 2023
Here are the 10 U.S. lenders doing the most wholesale mortgage business as of 2023. They are ranked by dollar volume of their wholesale mortgage operations (some of them also do retail).
Lender | Wholesale volume (billions) | % of business that’s wholesale |
---|---|---|
Source: The Scotsman Guide | ||
United Wholesale Mortgage | $12.29 | 100 |
Newrez LLC / Caliber Home Loans | $11 | 15 |
loanDepot | $8.23 | 12 |
Pennymac | $6.94 | 6 |
Paramount Residential Mortgage Group | $3.89 | 36 |
Angel Oak Mortgage Solutions | $3.22 | 94 |
CMG Home Loans | $3.19 | 15 |
Change Lending | $2.93 | 44 |
A&D Mortgage | $2.70 | 79 |
LoanStream Mortgage | $2.61 | 95 |
Is wholesale mortgage lending right for you?
Getting a loan from a wholesale mortgage lender might be a good option if your credit history is less than stellar or unique, since a mortgage broker or other third party has a relationship with the lender and could get you approved under less strict requirements. Because they don’t have to spend a lot on advertising, loan officers and overhead, wholesale lenders might offer better terms and charge fewer or smaller closing costs.
However, since you’re not directly in touch with a wholesale lender, communication could be slower, and seem more mysterious. Most mortgage brokers work on commission but some also charge you a fee. Be sure to compare this cost to those of other lenders as you weigh your options.
Additional reporting by Mia Taylor
Source: bankrate.com
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Today’s average mortgage rates
Today’s mortgage rates
If you’re in the market for a home, here are today’s mortgage rates compared to last week’s.
Loan term | Today’s Rate | Last week | Change |
---|---|---|---|
30-year mortgage rate | 7.01% | 6.95% | +0.07 |
15-year fixed rate | 6.46% | 6.34% | +0.12 |
10-year fixed | 6.31% | 6.20% | +0.11 |
5/1 ARM | 6.33% | 6.45% | -0.12 |
30-year jumbo mortgage rate | 7.15% | 7.04% | +0.11 |
30-year mortgage refinance rate | 7.03% | 6.98% | +0.05 |
Average rates offered by lenders nationwide as of April 11, 2024. We use rates collected by Bankrate to track daily mortgage rate trends.
Mortgage rates change every day. Experts recommend shopping around to make sure you’re getting the lowest rate. By entering your information below, you can get a custom quote from one of CNET’s partner lenders.
About these rates: Like CNET, Bankrate is owned by Red Ventures. This tool features partner rates from lenders that you can use when comparing multiple mortgage rates.
Mortgage interest rate trends
Over the last few years, high inflation and the Federal Reserve’s aggressive interest rate hikes pushed up mortgage rates from their record lows around the pandemic. Since last summer, the Fed has consistently kept the federal funds rate at 5.25% to 5.5%. Though the central bank doesn’t directly set the rates for mortgages, a high federal funds rate makes borrowing more expensive, including for home loans.
Mortgage rates change daily, but average rates have been moving between 6.5% and 7.5% since late last fall. Today’s homebuyers have less room in their budget to afford the cost of a home due to elevated mortgage rates and steep home prices. Limited housing inventory and low wage growth are also contributing to the affordability crisis and keeping mortgage demand down.
What to expect from mortgage rates in 2024
Mortgage forecasters base their projections on different data, but most housing market experts predict rates will move toward 6% by the end of 2024. Ultimately, a more affordable mortgage market will depend on how quickly the Fed begins cutting interest rates. Most economists predict that the Fed will start lowering interest rates later this summer.
Since mortgage rates fluctuate for many reasons — supply, demand, inflation, monetary policy and jobs data — homebuyers won’t see lower rates overnight, and it’s unlikely they’ll find rates in the 2% range again.
“We are expecting mortgage rates to fall to around 6.5% by the end of this year, but there’s still a lot of volatility I think we might see,” said Daryl Fairweather, chief economist at Redfin.
Every month brings a new set of inflation and labor data that can change how investors and the market respond and what direction mortgage rates go, said Odeta Kushi, deputy chief economist at First American Financial Corporation. “Ongoing inflation deceleration, a slowing economy and even geopolitical uncertainty can contribute to lower mortgage rates. On the other hand, data that signals upside risk to inflation may result in higher rates,” Kushi said.
Here’s a look at where some major housing authorities expect average mortgage rates to land.
Picking a mortgage term and type
When picking a mortgage, consider the loan term, or payment schedule. The most common mortgage terms are 15 and 30 years, although 10-, 20- and 40-year mortgages also exist. You’ll also need to choose between a fixed-rate mortgage, where the interest rate is set for the duration of the loan, and an adjustable-rate mortgage. With an adjustable-rate mortgage, the interest rate is only fixed for a certain amount of time (commonly five, seven or 10 years), after which the rate adjusts annually based on the market’s current interest rate. Fixed-rate mortgages offer more stability and are a better option if you plan to live in a home in the long term, but adjustable-rate mortgages may offer lower interest rates upfront.
30-year fixed-rate mortgages
The average 30-year fixed mortgage interest rate is 7.01%, which is an increase of 7 basis points from seven days ago. (A basis point is equivalent to 0.01%.) A 30-year fixed mortgage is the most common loan term. It will often have a higher interest rate than a 15-year mortgage, but you’ll have a lower monthly payment.
15-year fixed-rate mortgages
The average rate for a 15-year, fixed mortgage is 6.46%, which is an increase of 12 basis points from the same time last week. Though you’ll have a bigger monthly payment than a 30-year fixed mortgage, a 15-year loan usually comes with a lower interest rate, allowing you to pay less interest in the long run and pay off your mortgage sooner.
5/1 adjustable-rate mortgages
A 5/1 adjustable-rate mortgage has an average rate of 6.33%, a decrease of 12 basis points from the same time last week. You’ll typically get a lower introductory interest rate with a 5/1 ARM in the first five years of the mortgage. But you could pay more after that period, depending on how the rate adjusts annually. If you plan to sell or refinance your house within five years, an ARM could be a good option.
What affects mortgage rates?
While it’s important to monitor mortgage rates if you’re shopping for a home, remember that no one has a crystal ball. It’s impossible to time the mortgage market, and rates will always have some level of volatility because so many factors are at play.
“Mortgage rates tend to follow long-date Treasury yields, a function of current inflation and economic growth as well as expectations about future economic conditions,” says Orphe Divounguy, senior macroeconomist at Zillow Home Loans.
Here are the factors that influence the average rates on home loans.
- Federal Reserve monetary policy: The nation’s central bank doesn’t set interest rates, but when it adjusts the federal funds rate, mortgages tend to go in the same direction.
- Inflation: Mortgage rates tend to increase during high inflation. Lenders usually set higher interest rates on loans to compensate for the loss of purchasing power.
- The bond market: Mortgage lenders often use long-term bond yields, like the 10-Year Treasury, as a benchmark to set interest rates on home loans. When yields rise, mortgage rates typically increase.
- Geopolitical events: World events, such as elections, pandemics or economic crises, can also affect home loan rates, particularly when global financial markets face uncertainty.
- Other economic factors: The bond market, employment data, investor confidence and housing market trends, such as supply and demand, can also affect the direction of mortgage rates.
Calculate your monthly mortgage payment
Getting a mortgage should always depend on your financial situation and long-term goals. The most important thing is to make a budget and try to stay within your means. CNET’s mortgage calculator below can help homebuyers prepare for monthly mortgage payments.
Expert tips for the best mortgage rates
Though mortgage rates and home prices are high, the housing market won’t be unaffordable forever. It’s always a good time to save for a down payment and improve your credit score to help you secure a competitive mortgage rate when the time is right.
- Save for a bigger down payment: Though a 20% down payment isn’t required, a larger upfront payment means taking out a smaller mortgage, which will help you save in interest.
- Boost your credit score: You can qualify for a conventional mortgage with a 620 credit score, but a higher score of at least 740 will get you better rates.
- Pay off debt: Experts recommend a debt-to-income ratio of 36% or less to help you qualify for the best rates. Not carrying other debt will put you in a better position to handle your monthly payments.
- Research loans and assistance: Government-sponsored loans have more flexible borrowing requirements than conventional loans. Some government-sponsored or private programs can also help with your down payment and closing costs.
- Shop around for lenders: Researching and comparing multiple loan offers from different lenders can help you secure the lowest mortgage rate for your situation.
Source: cnet.com
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Homebuyers hopeful that interest rates would be cut and that mortgage interest rate cuts would soon follow will have to wait a bit longer for relief. Or so it seems. After months of encouraging inflation news, the most recent report showed it increasing again in February. And anticipated rate cuts may now not come until June (or later). Last week, one Fed official even said that there may not be any rate cuts at all in 2024, which would leave mortgage rates stuck at their highest point in decades.
While this can be discouraging news for buyers (and current owners looking to refinance), it doesn’t mean that you need to get stuck with today’s average rate, either (6.95% for 30-year mortgages as of April 8). There are multiple ways to get a rate lower than that right now. Below, we’ll break down five ways to get a lower mortgage rate this spring.
Start by shopping for rates and lenders online today.
How to get a lower mortgage rate this spring
Here are five effective ways to get a below-average mortgage rate this season.
Boost your credit score
The best mortgage rates and terms will always go to the borrowers with the highest credit scores, so if your credit profile needs improving, now is the time to do so. While a high credit score won’t result in the mortgage rates of 2021 returning, it can help you get the lowest rate available right now, and that can result in major savings when spread over the traditional 30-year mortgage term.
See what mortgage rate you could qualify for here now.
Shop for lenders
Just like you wouldn’t purchase the first car you test-drove, you shouldn’t necessarily lock in the first mortgage rate offer you get from a lender. Instead, shop around and compare rates and options from multiple banks — and be sure to look at any fees or closing costs that are tacked on. While a lower mortgage interest rate is ideal, excessive fees could quickly eat away at the savings received with the lower rate.
Consider a shorter mortgage term
Today’s 30-year mortgage loan rate is 6.95% — but a mortgage term at half that time frame comes with a rate of 6.34% now. While that may not be a dramatic difference, every percentage point (and a quarter of a percentage point) can help. That said, a shorter mortgage term will result in a compressed time frame, leading to bigger mortgage payments, thus negating the benefit of the lower rate for many borrowers.
Get an adjustable-rate mortgage
An adjustable-rate mortgage is exactly what its name implies: the rate will adjust over time. This can result in a lower mortgage rate to start (usually for a few years) before re-adjusting to a higher one after that period has ended. That later adjustment could come, however, at a time when the rate climate has stabilized, allowing buyers to get the benefit of that lower rate for a few years before refinancing into a fixed, lower rate in the future.
Purchase mortgage points
By purchasing mortgage points from your lender, you’ll be able to secure a lower rate than you otherwise would have gotten on your own. The cost of these points can then usually be rolled into your overall mortgage loan or paid during the closing process. And while purchasing mortgage points won’t allow you to buy yourself a 3% rate, it can make a major difference by knocking off half a percentage point or slightly more from the rate you would have been offered without it.
Learn more about your mortgage rate options here now.
The bottom line
While the historically low mortgage interest rates of recent years are unlikely to return anytime soon, that doesn’t mean that buyers have to get stuck with a 7% rate either. By boosting their credit score, shopping for lenders, considering a shorter mortgage term, pursuing an adjustable-rate mortgage and purchasing mortgage points — or by combining multiple strategies — buyers can secure a below-average rate right now. Just be sure to carefully weigh the pros and cons of each option before acting, as some may be more costly than others.
Source: cbsnews.com
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Building equity is one of the biggest advantages of owning a home. With a home equity loan or home equity line of credit (HELOC), you can take advantage of that equity to finance home improvements, consolidate debt or pay for other big expenses.
While getting home equity financing is a fairly simple process, it’s important to review the details before applying. Lenders have standard criteria that homeowners must follow to qualify for either loan, as well as their own specific requirements. Make sure to compare different lenders and take a look at the requirements before applying.
Below, we’ll cover the general criteria for home equity loans and HELOCs as well as more on how to choose the right financing option for you.
How do home equity loans and HELOCs work?
Home equity loans and HELOCs are secured loans that act as second mortgages. Both use your property as collateral for the debt.
With a home equity loan, you get access to a lump sum of cash upfront and pay it back over a period of five to 30 years at a fixed interest rate.
A HELOC is an ongoing line of credit from which you can withdraw funds as needed. With a HELOC, you have the draw period and the repayment period. During the draw period (typically 10 years), you can borrow money on a revolving basis, up to a limit, and you’ll typically pay interest only on what you’ve borrowed. During the repayment period (often 20 years), you’ll pay back both the principal and interest on the loan.
Both are good options for homeowners in need of access to cash, but there’s always a risk when you borrow against your home. If you default on your payments, you run the risk of losing your property.
Requirements to borrow home equity
The requirements to qualify for either a home equity loan or HELOC are similar. Although each lender has its own qualifications, the following checklist provides general criteria to help you get started.
1. Have at least 15% to 20% equity in your home
Home equity refers to the ownership stake in your home. Your equity is calculated by the amount of your down payment together with all the mortgage payments you’ve already made. With each mortgage payment you make, the less you owe on your home and the more equity you have. If an appraisal increase the value of the home, that will also yield more equity.
Most lenders require you to have at least 15% to 20% equity in your home to take out a home equity loan or HELOC. If you made a 20% down payment when you purchased your property, you’ll have already met the requirement to borrow against your equity.
2. Your loan-to-value ratio shouldn’t exceed 80%
Your loan-to-value ratio, or LTV, is another factor lenders consider when deciding whether to approve you for a home equity loan or HELOC. Your LTV is determined by dividing your current mortgage balance by the home’s appraised value. Having a lower LTV means less risk for mortgage lenders.
If your home is worth $300,000 and your loan balance is $200,000, here’s how you’d calculate your LTV:
$200,000 / $300,000 = 0.67
Your LTV is expressed as a percentage. In this example, your LTV is 67%, meaning you have 33% equity in your home.
While requirements can vary across lenders, the rule of thumb is that your LTV shouldn’t exceed 80%. Making a higher down payment and paying down your mortgage are two ways to lower your LTV.
3. Have a credit score in the mid-600s or higher
Most lenders want to see a minimum credit score of 620 in order to qualify for a home equity loan or HELOC.
Lenders use your credit score to determine the likelihood that you’ll repay the loan on time, so a better score will improve your chances of getting approved for a loan with better terms. A higher credit score of 700 or more will make you eligible for a loan at a lower interest rate, which will save you a substantial amount of money over the life of the loan.
4. Your debt level shouldn’t exceed 43%
Your debt level is determined by your debt-to-income ratio, which is your monthly debt payments divided by your gross monthly income. Your DTI ratio helps lenders determine if you’re capable of paying back your loan on time and of making consistent monthly payments.
To calculate DTI, lenders tally the total monthly payment for the house — mortgage principal, interest, taxes, homeowners insurance, direct liens and homeowner association dues — and any other outstanding debt. That total debt is then divided by your monthly gross income to get your DTI ratio.
Some lenders prefer that your monthly debts don’t exceed 36% of your gross monthly income, but many others are willing to go as high as 43%. If your DTI ratio is higher than 43%, consider paying down your debts first to lower your DTI.
5. Have sufficient income
Lenders want to make sure that you can pay back the loan, so they’ll lend only to those who can prove sufficient income. If you don’t have traditional employment or a stable source of income, you may have trouble qualifying for a home equity loan or HELOC.
How much can you borrow with a home equity loan or HELOC?
The more equity you have in your home, the more you’re eligible to borrow. In general, you can borrow around 80% to 85% of the equity in your home, minus your current mortgage balance.
You can determine how much money you’ll be able to obtain from a home equity loan by starting with the current value of the home. If, for example, your home is worth $300,000 and a bank lender allows you to borrow up to 80% of the value of your home, you simply multiply the two values to get the maximum amount you can borrow, which is $240,000.
$300,000 x 0.8 = $240,000
But if you have a balance on your mortgage of $200,000, you need to subtract it from the $240,000 maximum the bank will let you borrow.
$240,000 – $200,000 = $40,000
That means you can borrow $40,000 for a home equity loan or HELOC.
Should you get a home equity loan or a HELOC?
Home equity loans and HELOCs can be used for similar purposes, but they have some important differences. Neither product is better than the other, so consider your own expenses and goals.
If you need to fund a single project with a set cost, a home equity loan may be the better option, especially if the predictability of a fixed interest rate and monthly payment appeals to you. A HELOC may make more sense if you want flexible access to funds over a long period of time rather than an upfront sum of cash.
You should get a HELOC if:
You need access to credit for an extended period of time. HELOCs have a draw period that typically last five to 10 years.
You need more time to repay the loan amount. The repayment period for HELOCs ranges from 10 to 20 years.
You aren’t sure how much money you’ll need. HELOCs give you the flexibility to withdraw money in installments and not all at once. During the draw period, you can borrow up to a limit as many times as you like, and only pay interest on what you borrow. This makes HELOCs a good option for managing variable or unpredictable costs.
You should get a home equity loan if:
Your want a predictable monthly repayment schedule. Unlike variable-rate HELOCs, home equity loans have fixed interest rates, making it relatively easy to factor into your monthly budget.
You have a specific expense in mind. You receive 100% of the funds from a home equity loan upfront, which can be useful if you need a set amount of cash to cover a home improvement project, pay off high-interest debt or another need.
Alternatives to home equity loans and HELOCs
A home equity loan or HELOC can be a good way to fund large expenses, but there are other financing options that may be a better fit for your situation. Some alternatives you may want to consider include:
- A cash-out refinance. With a cash-out refinance, you are cashing out the equity you’ve built in your home over the years. You replace your existing mortgage with a new, larger one and pocket the difference as cash. The money you borrow is rolled into your new mortgage, so you’ll have only one monthly payment. A cash-out refinance is a good option if you can get a better rate than the one on your existing mortgage.
- A personal loan. If you need to borrow only a small amount of money, a personal loan might be a better fit than a home equity loan or HELOC. The interest rate will typically be higher and the loan term shorter, but it’s less risky because it’s an unsecured loan. Plus, you won’t have to go through a home appraisal or pay closing costs.
- A balance transfer credit card. If the main reason you’re looking to take out a loan is to consolidate other high-interest debt, balance transfer credit cards let you combine your debts into one card that has a long 0% APR introductory period. If you can pay off the debt before the 0% introductory period ends, you’ll get rid of your debt faster. Just be sure to plan ahead carefully: If you’re still carrying a balance by the end of the introductory period, you’ll be charged the regular credit card APR, which can be high.
The bottom line
A home equity loan and HELOC are two ways you can tap into the equity of your home. To qualify for either loan with reasonable terms, you should have at least 15% to 20% equity in your home, a LTV ratio of 80% or lower, a credit score of at least 620 (the higher, the better) and a DTI ratio no higher than 43%.
Though specific qualifications vary between lenders, make sure you have a reliable payment history and source of income to be eligible for a home equity loan or HELOC.
FAQs
Some lenders will provide a home equity loan or HELOC if you don’t have a job or are retired, but instead have regular income from a retirement account such as a pension. The income can also come from a spouse or partner’s employer, government assistance or alimony.
Lenders are typically seeking at least 15% to 20% equity in your home in order to qualify for a home equity loan or HELOC. However, some lenders will allow you to borrow with less equity.
Minimum credit scores vary from lender to lender, but most require you to have at least a 620 credit score. You’ll have a better chance of qualifying and getting access to lower interest rates if your credit score is 700 or above.
You can improve your credit score before you apply for a home equity loan by making payments on time, paying down the amount that’s owed on credit cards and avoiding taking out any new loans or making any major purchases.
Source: cnet.com
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Mortgage rates continue to surge, pushing back above 7% after months of volatility. Homebuyers taking out a home loan with a 7% interest rate are budgeting hundreds more than expected to cover their average monthly mortgage payment.
For the past two years, prospective homebuyers have been pushed to the sidelines due to higher interest rates. A February survey by Realtor.com noted that 40% of potential homebuyers said they’d be more willing to take on a mortgage if rates were to drop below 6%. Yet most mortgage forecasts don’t expect rates to dip below that number until 2025.
Though mortgage rates fluctuate daily, you don’t have to wait another year for market rates to drop. Getting a 6% mortgage rate could be possible right now, as long as your finances are in shape and you find a mortgage lender that fits your needs.
Today’s mortgage rates are around 7%
In early April, the average weekly rate on a 30-year fixed-rate mortgage is hovering around 7%, according to Bankrate, CNET’s sister site.
Rates generally climb higher when the economy is strong and drop at the sign of trouble. When the pandemic pushed the economy into uncertainty in 2020, rates plummeted to historic lows and hovered below 4% for the next two years.
Yet high inflation and the Federal Reserve’s aggressive interest rate hikes pushed rates higher, reaching 8% last October.
“What’s keeping rates volatile and higher is an underlying strong economy,” said Nicole Rueth, senior vice president with Movement Mortgage. “We continue to have economic reports and indicators that show consumers are spending and staying confident.”
The good news for homebuyers is that mortgage rates are expected to slowly decline in 2024, though they won’t reach record lows again.
Read more: You Won’t Get a 2% Mortgage Again. How to Adjust to a Different Housing Market
What’s the difference between a 6% or 7% rate?
Snagging a 6% rate can offer savings on your monthly payment and over the life of the loan. A difference of 1 percentage point may not seem like much, but the savings add up over time.
For instance, let’s say you buy a home for $400,000 and make a down payment of 20% on a 30-year fixed-rate mortgage. The difference between a 7% rate and a 6% rate means a savings of $210 a month, which amounts to $75,746 saved over the life of the loan.
How to get a 6% mortgage rate now
Many factors go into determining mortgage rates. You can’t control the economic factors, but there are ways to prepare your finances to get the best deal and lower your personal rate.
1. Buy mortgage points
A mortgage point, also known as a mortgage discount point, is an upfront fee you can pay the lender in exchange for a lower interest rate on your home loan. Each point costs 1% of the purchase price of a home and usually knocks the rate down by 0.25%.
On a $400,000 home, you’d pay $4,000 for one discount point. The lender may even allow you to buy four mortgage points to lower the rate from 7% to 6%, though you’d have to shell out $16,000 to get there.
To check whether this strategy is worthwhile, take the total cost of the points, and compare it to the overall monthly savings. “How long is it going to take you to pay it back? Are you going to be in the house that long?” Rueth asked.
In this case, when you pay $16,000 to buy four points and save $210 per month, it would take you more than six years to reach your break-even point.
2. Improve your credit score
Lenders look at your credit score to decide whether you qualify for a home loan and the interest rate you receive. Generally, a higher credit score shows you’ve managed debt responsibly in the past. A better credit history lowers your risk to a lender, which can help you secure a lower interest rate.
In fact, raising your credit score from the “fair” range to the “very good” range may help lower your rate by around 0.22 percentage points, according to a 2024 Lending Tree survey. In the survey example, that rate difference helped borrowers save $16,677 over the lifetime of a home loan.
3. Increase your down payment
Your down payment is the amount you can contribute to your home purchase upfront. Each type of home loan comes with a minimum down payment, usually ranging from 0% to 5%, but a higher down payment can help lower your rate. That’s because the lender takes on less risk when you contribute more toward the loan.
Because a down payment lowers your rate and contributes to your home equity, some home loan experts recommend making a larger down payment, around 20%, instead of buying mortgage points. That’s because if you sell the home or refinance before reaching your break-even point, you lose money. But the amount you spent for your down payment becomes part of your equity.
4. Take out an adjustable-rate mortgage
An adjustable-rate mortgage, or ARM, is a home loan with a fixed rate for a set introductory period, such as five years. Once that period ends, the interest rate can go up or down in regular intervals for the remaining term.
The big appeal of ARMs is that the introductory interest rate is often lower than the rate on traditional mortgages. In early March, the average 5/1 ARM rate was 6.61% compared to 6.98% for 30-year fixed-rate mortgages.
5. Negotiate your mortgage rate
When you’re applying for mortgage loans, you don’t have to go with the company that did your preapproval. In fact, research shows that getting rate quotes from multiple lenders and comparing offers can result in significant savings. If you want to use this strategy, start by submitting a mortgage application with lenders that fit your criteria. Once you have a few loan estimates in hand, use the best one to negotiate with the lender you want to work with.
The loan officer may lower your rate, help you save on closing costs or offer other incentives to get you onboard. In early 2022, one-third of homebuyers negotiated their mortgage rates and many were able to get a better deal, according to research from Fannie Mae.
6. Get a shorter home loan term
Nearly 90% of homebuyers choose a 30-year fixed mortgage term because it offers the most flexibility and monthly payment affordability. Payments are lower because they’re stretched over a longer timeline, but you can always put more toward the principal here and there. But when you take out a longer-term home loan, “you’re holding up the lender’s money, and there’s an opportunity cost for the funds to be invested elsewhere,” Rueth said.
Shorter loan terms (10-year and 15-year mortgages) and ARMs have lower interest rates, giving you the option of reducing your rate now.
Choosing a shorter repayment term could help you save money since you’ll be paying less in interest over the long term. But don’t make the homebuying mistake of choosing a shorter loan term just for the lower rate. Because you’ll have less time to pay back the money you borrow, shorter loan terms break down to higher monthly payments, and you’ll need to make sure those fit within your budget.
Is a 6% mortgage rate even that affordable?
In short, yes, but it’s all relative.
“In today’s market, 6% is a great rate compared to the historic average of a little over 7%,” Rueth said. “However, 6% no longer looks good because homeowners were spoiled by 2.75% mortgage rates a few years ago.”
Homeowners also feel the burden of steep home prices, making those high rates hurt even more.
But you can save money on your mortgage by taking some (or all) of these steps. Improving your credit score, increasing your down payment, buying points and negotiating your rate may help bring your rate from 7% down to 6%, or even lower.
Source: cnet.com
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Key takeaways
- Refinancing a rental property can allow you to change the mortgage term, rate or both or take out equity for financial needs.
- To refinance your rental property, be sure you’re up on lender requirements, know your equity and are ready to shop around to find the best rate.
Refinancing isn’t just for a primary residency. Owners of secondary residences or other real estate can save money if they can find the right deal. Knowing when to refinance your rental property comes down to factors like your current mortgage interest rate and remaining term years.
7 reasons to refinance a rental property
Whether you need to make your property expenses more manageable or access cash, refinancing your rentals has clear benefits. Some common reasons to consider a rental refinance include:
Lower your interest rate
Who wouldn’t like to pay less interest on their loan each month? If you see rates dropping and have many years left on your mortgage, refinancing can save you thousands of dollars over the long term.
Lower monthly mortgage payments
You can lower your payment by lowering your interest rate or extending the terms of your mortgage or both. This could increase your monthly take-home earnings from the rental property.
Alter the mortgage term
Refinancing allows you to change the length of your mortgage term. By selecting a 15-year mortgage instead of a 30-year one, you’ll save money on interest over the long run.
Eliminate mortgage insurance
If you have a conventional loan and made less than a 20 percent down payment when you bought the property, you’re probably paying private mortgage insurance. Assuming you now have enough equity, you can eliminate this monthly fee by refinancing. Also assuming you have enough equity, you can refinance an FHA loan to a conventional one to get rid of FHA mortgage insurance premiums.
Get cash for home improvements
If you want to make home improvements, add an addition or expand amenities on the rental property to up the rent or lease, a cash-out refinance may be a good way to pay for it.
Consolidate debt
If there is equity in the home, you can use the cash from a refinance to pay down credit cards or other debt with higher interest rates.
Tap into your home equity
By using the equity in a rental home, you could purchase more rentals or upgrade the ones you own. You could also finance other investments or improve your own home.
How to refinance a rental or investment property
If you’ve decided it’s the right move for you, here’s a breakdown of how to refinance a rental property:
Step 1: Check your equity
Knowing how much equity you need to have in the home before you begin the application process could spare you a rejection. (Equity is your ownership stake — the percentage of the home you own outright.) For most conventional and FHA loans, lenders ask that you have at least 20 percent equity in the property. They may want you to have at least 25 percent equity for a rental refinance.
Step 2: Know the requirements
Lenders generally tend to be less lenient with refinancing requirements on investment properties. Some requirements might include:
- DTI ratio: For a primary residence, lenders may allow you to have a debt-to-income ratio of up to 50 percent if you have savings and good credit. Because lenders may see an investment property as a riskier loan, you may be capped at about 43 percent.
- LTV ratio: The loan-to-value ratio represents how much equity you have in your home. It measures your current loan balance against the current property value. As mentioned above, you may need as much as 25 percent equity in a rental property to refinance it, meaning an LTV ratio no greater than 75 percent.
- Limited number of properties: If you’ve got a large portfolio of rental properties, you may not be able to refinance at your local retail bank or get as good of a loan. Instead, you might do better with an investment property-oriented outfit that offers asset-based lending. “At the bank, not only are you going to have the same property requirements, but you’ll also have personal income requirements,” says Jason Haye, VP national sales manager at Velocity Commercial Capital, which specializes in loans for multi-family and small commercial properties. “We’ll look at the property alone.”
- Appraisal: Your lender will want proof that your property is worth what you say. You can get a broker price opinion in some cases, but the lender will probably insist on an actual appraiser (it’ll arrange it, but you pay for it).
- Tenants: Having tenants is crucial to a rental refinance. “It’s supposed to be an income-based property, and if it’s vacant, it’s generating zero. That’s not good,” says Haye. “It seems basic, but make sure you have a renter in there.”
Step 3: Compare refinance rates and lenders
As with all loans and financial products, it’s a good idea to shop around and talk to a few refinance lenders before you move ahead. By comparing terms, you can determine which offer works best in your situation.
Many lenders who offer lower interest rates have higher origination fees, and vice versa. Be sure to ask about origination fees and other closing costs before you apply and measure that against your interest rate. Getting pre-approved by at least three lenders gives you an idea about your range of choices.
Lenders generally consider rental properties riskier investments than primary residences. As a result, your new rental mortgage rate will probably be higher than what you could get on your main home, says Tom Schneider, VP of product management at Pathway Homes. He explains, “They’re not as great as you might be able to get for your personal property, but there’s not a huge delta.”
The average rental mortgage rate at traditional lenders is usually about 50 basis points higher than that for a primary mortgage, says Schneider. Specialized lenders may charge even higher rates — at least a full percentage point higher — because they cater to a niche market, but they often work fast.
Step 4: Gather your documentation
Refinancing typically requires submitting a lot of documents. Streamlined refinancing is the only exception. Your lender will want to see not only your personal finances and obligations but also reports relating to your rental property’s income. Prepare your documents in advance, including:
- Proof of income: You’ll likely need to provide copies of recent paystubs to confirm your employment and income.
- Tax returns: The lender will also likely ask for copies of tax returns to verify employment history and income.
- Personal details needed for credit check: This includes your consent, full name, address, social security number and date of birth.
- Explanatory letters: If you have any gaps in income or a negative mark on your credit history that needs explaining, you might need to provide the lender with a letter.
- Homeowners insurance policy: You must show the lender you have enough insurance coverage to protect the home and property it is lending a mortgage to.
- Recorded deed: This document shows you have a legal claim to the property.
If your property has been rented in the past, many lenders will allow you to apply 75 percent of the current agreement as part of your income. In other words, if your tenant pays $10,000 annually, you can add $7,500 to your income.
Step 5: Submit your refinance application
If you have your documents ready, you can often submit your application quickly. You may even be able to complete the application online. Most major lenders will need to evaluate and then underwrite your loan in-house, which can take between 30 and 60 days.
Step 6: Close on your new loan
You will need to sign the final documents when the loan is approved.
Should you refinance your rental property?
Before heading to your local lender for a refinance on your rental, take time to consider the benefits and drawbacks of doing so:
Benefits of refinancing a rental property
- Cash for updates. A refinance can provide funds for updating or renovating the property, which could justify raising rent on your asset.
- It provides an opportunity for new terms. You could change your 30-year mortgage to a 15-year mortgage with a refinance.
- You can pay off debt. Using a cash-out refinance could allow you to pay off or down accumulated debts.
Drawbacks of refinancing a rental property
- You’ll have to pay some money upfront. Like any other mortgage, you’ll have to cover closing costs and lender fees. Plus, if you need a property survey or appraisal, you might have to pay for those, too.
- It may not be as affordable as you think. Be sure to factor in all the costs of refinancing a loan, including a change in interest rates, and make sure it’ll save you money.
- You might initially lose equity. If you have been building equity and take a chunk out of it to refinance, your rental property will temporarily lose value as an asset. It will take time to build back up the equity you used.
FAQ about refinancing a rental property
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Yes, you can refinance a rental property if you have tenants. In fact, it may be easier to refinance a property with tenants than a property that is sitting empty.
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Yes. You can use rental income to help qualify for a refinance as long as you can prove that it’s a stable source of income.
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If your mortgage lender doesn’t handle rental property refinancing, it may make sense to consult with a mortgage broker or specialized lender who does to see what options you have. A mortgage broker can shop your information around to various lenders and find you the best deals.
Source: bankrate.com
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Artit_Wongpradu/Getty Images; Illustration by Issiah Davis/Bankrate
Key takeaways
- An FHA construction loan is a type of FHA loan that covers the cost of building a home, including the land or lot purchase, building materials and labor.
- There are two types of FHA construction loans: an FHA construction-to-permanent loan and a FHA 203(k) loan.
- FHA construction loans can be rolled into an FHA permanent mortgage.
If you’d rather build a home than buy one, an FHA construction loan could help pay for the project. Like a regular FHA loan, this type of financing is insured by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) and offered by FHA-approved mortgage lenders. Here’s how to get one.
What is an FHA construction loan?
An FHA construction loan is a type of FHA loan used to build a home. It works like a conventional construction loan by providing short-term financing for a range of construction costs, from the architect’s fee to the certificate of occupancy. Often, borrowers convert these loans to long-term mortgages once the house is built.
Unlike conventional construction loans, however, FHA construction loans are insured by the FHA. That means if you have a down payment of at least 3.5 percent, you could qualify for the loan with a credit score as low as 580.
How does a construction loan work?
Construction loans aren’t like regular mortgages. They typically last for one year, during which time the lender releases payments, usually directly to your contractor. The lender enlists an inspector to evaluate the project at various stages, and releases more funds once everything checks out. Once construction is finished, the loan either converts to a traditional mortgage or the borrower obtains a mortgage to pay it off.
Types of FHA construction loans
- FHA construction-to-permanent loan: An FHA construction-to-permanent loan finances the ground-up construction of a home — including the purchase of the land or lot — then converts to a regular FHA mortgage. This is also known as a one-time or single-close loan; you won’t have to pay closing costs for two separate loans.
- FHA 203(k) rehab loan: An FHA 203(k) loan finances the cost of buying an existing home plus renovations and repairs. There are two types of 203(k) loans: a standard 203(k) for renovations costing $35,000 or more; and a limited 203(k) for smaller-scale, less expensive projects. Either option allows you to obtain one loan to buy and fix up a home, instead of two loans.
FHA construction loan requirements
The qualifying requirements for an FHA construction loan are similar to those for standard FHA loans, but with a few additions.
To qualify for any FHA loan, you’ll need to meet the following criteria, at minimum:
- Credit score: At least 580, or as low as 500 if putting down at least 10 percent
- Debt-to-income (DTI) ratio: No more than 43 percent (with some exceptions)
- Down payment: 3.5 percent with a credit score of at least 580, or at least 10 percent with a credit score between 500 and 579
- Loan limits: No more than the FHA loan limits for the year; for 203(k) loans, no more than the FHA loan limits, the home’s after-renovation value plus improvement costs or the home’s after-renovation value, whichever is less
- Mortgage insurance: Upfront and annual FHA mortgage insurance premiums, paid for the life of the loan in most cases
- Occupancy: Primary residences only
On top of these requirements, FHA construction loans require satisfactory documentation detailing the construction or renovation project, including information about the contractor you plan to work with. For a standard 203(k) loan, you’ll be assigned a 203(k) consultant to estimate the remodeling or repair costs.
Whether you get a construction-to-permanent or rehab loan, the work will also be subject to inspection as the project progresses.
How to get an FHA construction loan
You can get an FHA construction loan from an FHA-approved lender, though not every FHA lender offers this type of financing. If you’re not sure where to start, search the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development’s list of lenders by state or county. You can filter for 203(k) lenders, too, if that’s the type of loan you’re after.
From there, the process involves connecting with a contractor and getting preapproved for financing. Here’s an overview:
- Prepare your credit and finances. Construction loan interest rates are often higher than the rates for a regular mortgage. While you can get an FHA loan with a relatively low credit score and down payment, a better score and a higher down payment could help you get a lower rate and pay less in mortgage insurance. If you plan to build a brand-new home, you’ll also want extra stashed away for the inevitable budget snags that come up in construction. Here’s more on the cost of building a home.
- Partner with a contractor and real estate agent. Whether you plan to build a home or renovate an existing property, you’ll need to work with a contractor to learn your costs and draw up plans, then provide these details to your lender for approval. If you’re getting a standard 203(k) loan, you’ll also work with a 203(k) consultant to estimate costs. From there, a real estate agent can help you find the right parcel of land, lot or fixer-upper.
- Get preapproved for a construction or rehab loan. You’ll need to meet all of the FHA loan requirements and any other criteria your lender stipulates. If you qualify, your lender will base the loan amount on the appraised after-construction or after-renovation value of the home.
Alternatives to an FHA construction loan
An FHA construction loan is just one type of construction financing. While it can help you build or renovate a home, you can’t use it for an investment property or vacation home, and you’ll have to pay mortgage insurance premiums, which add to your costs. Here are alternatives to consider:
- Conventional construction loans: More widely available than FHA construction loans, conventional construction loans include construction-to-permanent and construction-only options. The downsides: You’ll need to come up with a higher down payment than the FHA version, as well as have a higher credit score. You won’t have to pay mortgage insurance for the entire loan term, however, unlike most borrowers with an FHA loan.
- Renovation loan: Instead of a 203(k) loan, you might look into a conventional HomeStyle renovation loan, which provides financing up to 75 percent of the home’s after-renovation value.
- VA or USDA construction loans: If you’re a service member or veteran or have a lower income and want to build a home in a qualifying rural area, consider a VA or USDA loan, respectively. These don’t require a down payment or mortgage insurance and can have flexible credit standards. You’ll need to pay a one-time funding fee for the VA loan and guarantee fees for a USDA loan, however.
- Home equity options: If you want to make improvements to your home or another property you own, you might have enough equity in your current home to make that happen. Depending on your needs and goals, the options include a home equity loan (a second mortgage) or a line of credit, known as a HELOC.
- Refinance and take cash out: If interest rates have gone down since you got your mortgage, you might be able to refinance to a new, bigger loan with a lower rate and cash out some of your equity to pay for renovations. Generally, this option works best for homeowners who can get a lower rate, have equity to spare and plan to do extensive remodeling.
FAQ
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Many types of mortgage lenders offer FHA loans, but not all offer FHA construction loans. You can search FHA-approved lenders in your area on the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development’s website, or start with our guides to the best FHA mortgage lenders and best FHA 203(k) rehab mortgage lenders.
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If you’re making a down payment of 3.5 percent, the minimum credit score for an FHA construction loan is 580. If you have at least 10 percent to put down, you could qualify with a score as low as 500.
Source: bankrate.com
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