“The California Mortgage Relief Program has achieved remarkable success by preserving homeownership opportunities which are so vital to ensuring our most vulnerable populations have a shot at building generational wealth,” CalHFA executive director Tiena Johnson Hall said in a media release. “This program stands as a testament to CalHFA’s commitment to building a more equitable … [Read more…]
A home equity loan is a lump sum of money you can borrow at a fixed rate based on the equity, or ownership stake, in your home. If you already paid off 15% to 20% of your house, this one-time installment loan can be used to cover major expenses, from home renovations to paying off debt.
Home equity loans have fixed interest rates, so your monthly payments are predictable and easy to budget for. But because your home acts as collateral for the loan, you could risk foreclosure if you fall behind on repayments.
I’ve spoken with experts about the advantages and disadvantages of home equity loans, how they work and where to find the best rates. Here’s what I’ve uncovered.
This week’s home equity loan rates
Here are the average rates for home equity loans and home equity lines of credit as of March 27, 2024.
Loan type
This week’s rate
Last week’s rate
Difference
10-year, $30,000 home equity loan
8.73%
8.73%
None
15-year, $30,000 home equity loan
8.70%
8.70%
None
$30,000 HELOC
9.01%
8.99%
+0.02
Note: These rates come from a survey conducted by CNET sister site Bankrate. The averages are determined from a survey of the top 10 banks in the top 10 US markets.
Current home equity loan rates and trends
Though home equity loan rates will vary depending on the lender and loan type, their rates are generally lower than personal loans or credit card annual percentage rates.
Home equity loan rates aren’t directly set by the Federal Reserve, but adjustments to the federal funds rate impact the borrowing cost for financial products like home equity loans and home equity lines of credit, aka HELOCs.
Since March 2022, the Fed has hiked its benchmark rate a total of 11 times in an attempt to slow the economy and bring inflation down, driving home equity loan rates up alongside. Though the Fed has kept interest rates steady since last summer, home equity loan rates have remained elevated for borrowers. Home equity rates are likely to stay high until the central bank begins cutting interest rates, projected for later this year.
With home equity loans, you tap into your equity without giving up the rate on your primary mortgage, making them a popular alternative to cash-out refinances. If you use a home equity loan to install solar panels or renovate your kitchen, you get the added benefit of increasing your home’s value.
“Most homeowners with mortgages in 2024 are choosing home equity loans or HELOCs, instead of a cash-out refinance, to avoid losing their attractive interest rates,” said Vikram Gupta, head of home equity at PNC Bank.
Best home equity loan rates of March 2024
Lender
APR
Loan amount
Loan terms
Max LTV ratio
U.S. Bank
From 8.40%
Not specified
Up to 30 years
Not specified
TD Bank
7.99% (0.25% autopay discount included)
From $10,000
5 to 30 years
Not specified
Connexus Credit Union
From 7.20%
From $5,000
5 to 15 years
90%
KeyBank
From 10.29% (0.25% autopay discount included)
From $25,000
1 to 30 years
80% for standard home equity loans, 90% for high-value home equity loans
Spring EQ
Fill out application for personalized rates
Up to $500,000
Not specified
90%
Third Federal Savings & Loan
From 7.29%
$10,000 to $200,000
Up to 30 years
80%
Frost Bank
From 7.3% (0.25% autopay discount included)
$2,000 to $500,000
15 to 20 years
90%
Regions Bank
From 6.75% to 14.125% (0.25% autopay discount included)
$10,000 to $250,000
7, 10, 15, 20 or 30 years
89%
Discover
6.99% for 1st liens, 7.99% for 2nd liens
$35,000 to $300,000
10, 15, 20 or 30 years
90%
BMO Harris
From 8.84% (0.5% autopay discount not included)
From $25,000
5 to 20 years
Not specified
Note: The above annual percentage rates are current as of March 1, 2024. Your APR will depend on such factors as your credit score, income, loan term and whether you enroll in autopay or other lender specific requirements.
Best home equity loan lenders of March 2024
U.S. Bank
Good for nationwide availability
U.S. Bank is the fifth largest banking institution in the US. It offers both home equity loans and HELOCs in 47 states. You can apply for a home equity loan or HELOC through an online application, by phone or in person. If you want a loan estimate for a home equity loan without completing a full application, you can get one by speaking with a banker over the phone.
APR: From 8.40%
Max LTV ratio: Not specified
Max debt-to-income ratio: Not specified
Min credit score: 660
Loan amount: $15,000 to $750,000 (up to $1 million for California properties)
Term lengths: Up to 30 years
Fees: None
Additional requirements: Subject to credit approval
Perks: You can receive a 0.5% rate discount by enrolling in automatic payments from a U.S. Bank checking or savings account.
TD Bank
Good for price transparency
Primarily operating on the East Coast, TD Bank offers home equity loans and HELOCs in 15 states. You can apply for a TD Bank home equity loan or HELOC online, by phone or by visiting a TD Bank in person. The online application includes a calculator that will tell you the maximum amount you can borrow based on the information you input. You can also see a full breakdown of rates, fees and monthly payments. No credit check is required for this service.
APR: From 7.99% (0.25% autopay discount included)
Max LTV ratio: Not specified
Max debt-to-income ratio: Not specified
Min credit score: Not specified
Loan amount: From $10,000
Term lengths: Five to 30 years
Fees: $99 origination fee at closing. Closing costs only application to loan amounts greater than $500,000.
Additional requirements: Loan amounts less than $25,000 are available only for primary residence property use.
Perks: You will receive a 0.25% discount if you enroll in autopay from a TD personal checking or savings account.
Connexus Credit Union
Good branch network
Connexus Credit Union operates in all 50 states, but it offers home equity loans and HELOCs in 46 states (excluding Alaska, Hawaii, Maryland and Texas). The credit union has more than 6,000 local branches. To apply for a home equity loan or HELOC with Connexus, you can fill out a three-step application online or in person. You won’t be able to see a personalized rate or product terms without a credit check.
APR: From 7.20%
Max LTV ratio: 90%
Max-debt-to-income ratio: Not specified
Min credit score: Not specified
Loan amount: From $5,000
Term lengths: Five to 15 years
Fees: No annual fee. Closing costs can range from $175 to $2,000, depending on your loan terms and property location. It has returned loan payments fees of $15, convenience fees of $9.95 (for paying by debit or credit card online) and $14.95 (for paying by phone) and a forced place insurance processing fee of $12.
Additional requirements: Because Connexus is a credit union, its products and services are only available to members. Member eligibility is open to most people: you (or a family member) just need to be a member of one of Connexus’s partner groups, reside in one of the communities or counties on Connexus’s list or become a member of the Connexus Association with a $5 donation to Connexus’s partner nonprofit.
Perks: Flexible membership options
KeyBank
Good online application user experience
Based in Cleveland, KeyBank offers home equity loans to customers in 15 states and HELOCs to customers in 44 states. Aside from a standard home equity loan, KeyBank offers a few different HELOC options. The KeyBank application allows you to apply for multiple products at one time. If you’re not sure whether KeyBank loans are available in your area, the application will tell you once you input your ZIP code. If you’re an existing KeyBank customer, you can skim through the application and import your personal information from your account.
APR: From 10.29% (0.25% client discount included)
Max LTV ratio: 80% for standard home equity loans, 90% for high-value home equity loans
Max debt-to-income ratio: Not specified
Min credit score: Not specified
Loan amount: From $25,000
Term lengths: One to 30 years
Fees: Origination fee of $295. Closing costs aren’t specified.
Additional requirements: Borrowers must be at least 18 years of age and reside in one of the states KeyBank operates in.
Perks: KeyBank offers a 0.25% rate discount for clients who have eligible checking and savings accounts with them.
Spring EQ
Good option for high debt-to-income ratio limits
Spring EQ was founded in 2016 and serves customers in 38 states. Spring EQ offers home equity loans and HELOCs. Spring EQ doesn’t display rates for its home lending products online — you must complete an application to see your personalized rate. The Spring EQ loan application process is simple though. Customers can see an extensive breakdown of their loan term and rate options without needing to undergo a credit check or provide their Social Security number.
APR: Not specified
Max LTV ratio: 90%
Max debt-to-income ratio: 50%
Min credit score: 640
Loan amount: Up to $500,000
Term lengths: Not specified
Fees: Spring EQ loans may be subject to an origination fee of $995 and an annual fee of $99 in some states.
Additional requirements: Spring EQ does not display rates for its home lending products online — you must complete an application to see your personalized rate.
Perks: Spring EQ has a higher maximum DTI ratio than most other lenders — compare 50% with the typical 43% average.
Third Federal Savings & Loan
Good option for rate match guarantee
Third Federal Savings & Loan first opened in 1938. Today, the bank offers home equity loans in eight states and HELOCs in 26 states. Third Federal offers a lowest rate guarantee on its HELOCs and home equity loans, meaning Third Federal will offer you the lowest interest rate relative to other similar lenders or pay you $1,000. You can apply for a home equity loan or HELOC on the Third Federal website. You won’t have to register an account to apply, but you’re still able to save your application and return to it later.
APR: From 7.29%
Max LTV ratio: 80%
Max debt-to-income ratio: Not specified
Min credit score: Not specified
Loan amount: $10,000 to $200,000
Term lengths: Five to 30 years
Fees: Home equity loans and HELOCs with Third Federal have an annual fee of $65 (waived the first year). There are no application fees, closing fees or origination fees.
Additional requirements: Specific requirements aren’t listed.
Perks: If you set up autopay from an existing Third Federal account, you’ll be eligible for a 0.25% rate discount.
Frost Bank
Good option for Texas borrowers
Frost Bank’s home equity loans and HELOCs are only available to Texas residents. You can apply for a home equity loan or HELOC on the Frost Bank website, but you’ll need to create an account. According to the website, the application will only take you 15 minutes.
APR: From 7.3% (0.25% autopay discount included, only available for 2nd liens)
Max LTV ratio: 90%
Max debt-to-income ratio: Not specified
Min credit score: Not specified
Loan amount: $2,000 to $500,000
Term lengths: 15 or 20 years
Fees: No application fee, annual fee or closing costs. Frost Bank does charge a $15 monthly service fee, which can be waived with a Frost Plus Account.
Additional requirements: Borrowers must reside in Texas. The bank also requires proof of homeowners insurance.
Perks: 0.25% rate discount for clients who enroll in autopay from a Frost Bank checking or savings account. However, this feature is only available for second liens.
Regions Bank
Good rate discounts
Regions Bank is one of the nation’s largest banking, mortgage and wealth management service providers. Regions offers home equity loans and HELOCs in 15 states. You can apply for a Regions home equity loan or HELOC online, in person or over the phone. You’ll have to create an account with Regions to apply. Before you create an account, though, you can use the bank’s own rate calculator to estimate your rate and monthly payment.
APR: From 6.75% to 14.125%(0.25% autopay discount included)
Max LTV ratio: 89%
Max debt-to-income ratio: Not specified
Min credit score: Not specified
Loan amount: $10,000 to $250,000
Term lengths: Seven, 10, 15, 20 or 30 years
Fees: No closing costs and no annual fees. Late fees apply for 5% of the payment amount. There is a returned check fee of $15 and an over limit fee of $29.
Additional requirements: Not specified.
Perks: Rate discounts between 0.25% and 0.50% to those who elect to have their monthly payments automatically debited from a Regions checking account.
Discover
Good option for no fees or closings costs
Discover is known primarily for its credit cards, but it also offers home equity loans — available in 48 states. The lender does not offer HELOCs at all. You can apply for a home equity loan from Discover online or over the phone. The application process takes approximately six to eight weeks in total, according to Discover’s website.
APR: 6.99% for first liens, 7.99% for second liens
Max LTV ratio: 90%
Max debt-to-income ratio: 43%
Min credit score: 620
Loan amount: $35,000 to $300,000
Term lengths: 10, 15, 20 and 30 years
Fees: None
Additional requirements: Specific requirements not listed.
Perks: The lender charges no origination fees, application fees, appraisal fees or mortgage taxes.
BMO Harris
Good option for second liens
BMO Harris products and services are available in 48 states (all but New York and Texas). BMO Harris offers home equity loans and three variations of a HELOC. You can apply for a home equity loan or HELOC online or in person, but in order to get personalized rates, you’ll have to speak with a representative on the phone. Getting personalized rates doesn’t require a hard credit check.
Home equity loans from BMO Harris are only available as second liens. If you have already paid off your mortgage, a rate-lock HELOC from BMO Harris may be a better option.
APR: From 8.84% (0.5% autopay discount not included)
Max LTV ratio: Not specified
Max debt-to-income ratio: Not specified
Min credit score: 700
Loan amount: From $5,000
Term lengths: Five to 20 years
Fees: There is no application fee. BMO Harris will also pay closing costs for loans secured by an owner-occupied 1-to-4-family residence. If you pay off your loan within 36 months of opening, you may be responsible for recoupment fees.
Additional requirements: Home equity loans are only available as a second lien (meaning you can’t be mortgage free)
Perks: If you enroll in autopay with a BMO Harris checking account, you’ll be eligible for a 0.5% rate discount.
What is a home equity loan?
A home equity loan is a fixed-rate installment loan secured by your home as a second mortgage. You’ll get a lump sum payment upfront and then repay the loan in equal monthly payments over a period of time. Because your house is used as a collateral, the lender can foreclose on it if you default on your payments.
Most lenders require you to have 15% to 20% equity in your home to secure a home equity loan. To determine how much equity you have, subtract your remaining mortgage balance from the value of your home. For example, if your home is worth $500,000 and you owe $350,000, you have $150,000 in equity. The next step is to determine your loan-to-value ratio, or LTV ratio, which is your outstanding mortgage balance divided by your home’s current value. So in this case the calculation would be:
$350,000 / $500,000 = 0.7
In this example, you have a 70% LTV ratio. Most lenders will let you borrow around 75% to 90% of your home’s value minus what you owe on your primary mortgage. Assuming a lender will let you borrow up to 90% of your home equity, you can use the formula to see how that would be:
$500,000 [current appraised value] X 0.9 [maximum equity percentage you can borrow] – $350,000 [outstanding mortgage balance] = $100,000 [what the lender will let you borrow]
A standard repayment period for a home equity loan is between five and 30 years. Under the loan, you make fixed-rate payments that never change. If interest rates go up, your loan rate remains unchanged.
Second mortgages such as home equity loans and HELOCs don’t alter a homeowner’s primary mortgage. This lets you borrow against your home’s equity without needing to exchange your primary mortgage’s rate for today’s higher rates.
Home equity loans have fixed interest rates, which is a positive if you’re looking for predictable monthly payments. The rate you lock in when you take out your loan will be constant for the entire term, even if market interest rates rise.
Reasons to get a home equity loan
A home equity loan is a good choice if you need a large sum of cash all at once. You can use that cash for anything you’d like — it doesn’t have to be home-related.However, some uses make more sense than others.
Home renovations and improvements: If you want to upgrade your kitchen, install solar panels or add on a second bathroom, you can use the money from a home equity loan to pay for the cost of these renovations. Then, at tax time, you can deduct the interest you pay on the loan — as long as the renovations increase the value of your home and you meet certain IRS criteria.
Consolidating high-interest debt: Debt consolidation is a strategy where you take out one large loan to pay off the balances on multiple smaller loans, typically done to streamline your finances or get a lower interest rate. Because home equity loan interest rates are typically lower than those of credit cards, they can be a great option to consolidate your high-interest credit card debt, letting you pay off debt faster and save money on interest in the long run. The only downside? Credit card and personal loan lenders can’t take your home from you if you stop making your payments, but home equity lenders can.
College tuition: Instead of using student loans to cover the cost of college for yourself or a loved one, you can use the cash from a home equity loan. If you qualify for federal student loans, though, they’re almost always a better option than a home equity loan. Federal loans have better borrower protections and offer more flexible repayment options in the event of financial hardship. But if you’ve maxed out your financial aid and federal student loans, a home equity loan can be a viable option to cover the difference.
Medical expenses: You can avoid putting unexpected medical expenses on a credit card by tapping into your home equity before a major medical procedure. Or, if you have outstanding medical bills, you can pay them off with the funds from a home equity loan. Before you do this, it’s worth asking if you can negotiate a payment plan directly with your medical provider.
Business expenses: If you want to start a small business or side hustle but lack money to get it going, a home equity loan can provide the funding without many hoops to jump through. However, you may find that dedicated small business loans are a better, less risky option.
Down payment on a second home: Homeowners can leverage their home’s equity to fund a down payment on a second home or investment property. But you should only use a home equity loan to buy a second home if you can comfortably afford multiple mortgage payments over the long term.
Experts don’t recommend using a home equity loan for discretionary expenses like a vacation or wedding. Instead, try saving up money in advance for these expenses so you can pay for them without taking on unnecessary debt.
Pros
One lump sum payment of total loan up front.
Fixed interest rate, meaning you won’t have to worry about your rate rising over the repayment period.
Typically lower interest rate than credit cards or personal loans.
Little to no restrictions on what you can use the money for.
Cons
Your home is used as collateral, meaning it can be taken from you if you default on the loan.
If you’re still paying off your mortgage, this loan payment will be on top of that.
Home equity loans can come with closing costs and other fees.
May be hard to qualify for if you don’t have enough equity.
Home equity loan vs. HELOC
Home equity loans and HELOCs are similar but have a few key distinctions. Both let you draw on your home’s equity and require you to use your home as collateral to secure your loan. The two major differences are the way you receive the money and how you pay it back.
A home equity loan gives you the money all at once as a lump sum, whereas a HELOC lets you take money out in installments over a long period of time, typically 10 years. Home equity loans have fixed-rate payments that will never go up, but most HELOCs have variable interest rates that rise and fall with the prime rate.
A home equity loan is better if:
You want a fixed-rate payment: Your monthly payment will never change even if interest rates rise.
You want one lump sum of money: You receive the entire loan upfront with a home equity loan.
You know the exact amount of money you need: If you know the amount you need and don’t expect it to change, a home equity loan likely makes more sense than a HELOC.
A HELOC is better if:
You need money over a long period of time: You can take the money as you need it and only pay interest on the amounts you withdraw, not the full loan amount, as is the case with a home equity loan.
You want a low introductory interest rate: Although HELOC rates may increase over time, they also typically offer lower introductory interest rates than home equity loans. So you could save money on interest charges.
Home equity loans vs. cash-out refinances
A cash-out refinance is when you replace your existing mortgage with a new mortgage, typically to secure a lower interest rate and more favorable terms. Unlike a traditional refinance, though, you take out a new mortgage for the home’s entire value — not just the amount you owe on your mortgage. You then receive the equity you’ve already paid off in your home as a cash payout.
For example, if your home is worth $450,000, and you owe $250,000 on your loan, you would refinance for the entire $450,000, rather than the amount you owe on your mortgage. Your new cash-out refinance home loan would replace your existing mortgage and then offer you a portion of the equity you built (in this case $200,000) as a cash payout.
Both a cash-out refi and a home equity loan will provide you with a lump sum of cash that you’ll repay in fixed amounts over a specific time period, but they have some important differences. A cash-out refinance replaces your current mortgage payment. When you receive a lump sum of cash from a cash-out refi, it’s added back onto the balance of your new mortgage, usually causing your monthly payment to increase. A home equity loan is different — it doesn’t replace your existing mortgage and instead adds an additional monthly payment to your expenses.
Who qualifies for a home equity loan?
Although it varies by lender, to qualify for a home equity loan, you’re typically required to meet the following criteria:
At least 15% to 20% equity built up in your home: Home equity is the amount of home you own, based on how much you’ve paid toward your mortgage. Subtract what you owe on your mortgage and other loans from the current appraised value of your house to figure out your home equity number.
Adequate, verifiable income and stable employment: Proof of income is a standard requirement to qualify for a HELOC. Check your lender’s website to see what forms and paperwork you will need to submit along with your application.
A minimum credit score of 620: Lenders use your credit score to determine the likelihood that you’ll repay the loan on time. Having a strong credit score — at least 700 — will help you qualify for a lower interest rate and more amenable loan terms.
A debt-to-income ratio of 43% or less: Divide your total monthly debts by your gross monthly income to get your DTI. Like your credit score, your DTI helps lenders determine your capacity to make consistent payments toward your loan. Some lenders prefer a DTI of 36% or less.
A home equity loan is better if:
You don’t want to pay private mortgage insurance: Some cash-out refinances require PMI, which can add hundreds of dollars to your payments, but home equity loans don’t.
You can’t complete a refinance: With rates rising, it’s possible that your mortgage rate is lower than current refinance rates. If that’s the case, it likely won’t make financial sense for you to refinance. Instead, you can use a home equity loan to take out only the money you need, rather than replacing your entire mortgage with a higher interest rate loan.
A cash-out refinance is better if:
Refinance rates are lower than your current mortgage rate: If you can secure a lower interest rate by refinancing, this could save you money in interest, while providing access to a lump sum of cash.
You want only one monthly payment: The amount you borrow gets added back to the balance of your mortgage so you make only one payment to your lender every month.
Less stringent eligibility requirements: If you don’t have great credit or you have a high debt-to-income ratio, or DTI, you may have an easier time qualifying for a cash-out refi compared with a home equity loan.
Lower interest rates: Cash-out refinances sometimes offer more favorable interest rates than home equity loans.
Tips for choosing a lender
You’ll want to consider what type of financial institution best suits your needs. In addition to mortgage lenders, financial institutions that offer home equity loans include banks, credit unions and online-only lenders.
“Select a lender that makes you feel comfortable and informed with the home equity loan process,” said Rob Cook, vice president of marketing, digital and analytics for Discover Home Loans. “Look at what tools a lender makes available to borrowers to help inform their decision. For many borrowers, being able to apply and manage their application online is important.”
One option is to work with the lender that originated your first mortgage as you already have a relationship and a history of on-time payments. Many banks and credit unions also offer discounted rates and other benefits when you become a customer.
Some lenders offer lower interest rates but charge higher fees (and vice versa). What matters most is your annual percentage rate because it reflects both interest rate and fees.
Ensure the specific terms of the loan your lender is offering make sense for your budget. For example, be sure the minimum loan amount isn’t too high — be wary of withdrawing more funds than you need. You also want to make sure that your repayment term is long enough for you to comfortably afford the monthly payments. The shorter your loan term, the higher your monthly payments will be.
“Costs and fees are an important consideration for anyone who is looking for a loan,” Cook said. “Homeowners should understand any upfront or ongoing fees applicable to their loan options. Also look for prepayment penalties that might be associated with paying off your loan early.”
No matter what, it’s important to talk to numerous lenders and find the best rate available.
How to apply for a home equity loan
Applying for a home equity loan is similar to applying for any mortgage loan. You’ll need both a solid credit score and proof of enough income to repay your loan.
1. Interview multiple lenders to determine which lender can offer you the lowest rates and fees. The more companies you speak with, the better your chances of finding the most favorable terms.
2. Have at least 15% to 20% equity in your home. If you do, lenders will then take into account your credit score, income and current DTI to determine whether you qualify as well as your interest rate.
3. Be prepared to have financial documents at the ready, such as pay stubs and Form W-2s. Proof of ownership and the appraised value of your home will also be necessary.
4. Close on your loan. Once you submit your application, the final step is closing on your loan. In some states, you’ll have to do this in person at a physical branch.
FAQs
As of March 27, average home equity loan rates are 8.73% for a $30,000 10-year home equity loan and 8.70% for a $30,000 15-year home equity loan — higher than the average rate for a 30-year fixed rate mortgage, which is currently 7.01%. Both home equity rates and mortgage rates started off at historic lows at around 3% at the beginning of 2022 and have been consistently climbing in response to the Federal Reserve aggressively raising the benchmark interest rate.
Most lenders will allow you to borrow anywhere from 15% to 20% of your home’s available equity. To calculate your home equity, subtract your remaining mortgage balance from the current appraised value of your home. How much equity a bank or lender will let you take out depends on a number of additional factors such as your credit score, income and DTI ratio. For most homeowners, it can take five to 10 years of mortgage payments to build up enough tappable equity to borrow against.
A home equity loan can affect your score positively or negatively depending on how responsibly you use it. As with any loan, if you miss or make late payments, your credit score will drop. The amount by which it will drop depends on such factors as whether you’ve made late payments before. However, HELOCs are secured loans that are backed by your property, so they tend to affect your credit score less because they’re treated more like a car loan or mortgage by credit-scoring algorithms.
Lenders are currently offering rates that start as low as 5% to 6% for borrowers with good credit, but rates can vary depending on your personal financial situation. A lender will base your interest rate on how much equity you have in your home, your credit score, income level and other aspects of your financial life such as your DTI ratio, which is calculated by dividing your monthly debts by your gross monthly income.
Home equity loans can be used for anything you choose to spend the money on. Typical life expenses that people usually take out home equity loans for are to cover expenditures such as home renovations, higher education costs like tuition or to pay off high-interest charges like credit card debt. There’s a bonus for using your loan for home improvements and renovations: the interest is tax deductible.
You can also use a home equity loan in the event of an emergency like unplanned medical expenses. Whatever you chose to use your loan for, keep in mind that taking out a large sum of money that accrues interest is an expensive choice to carefully consider, especially because you’re using your home as collateral to secure the loan. If you can’t pay back the loan, the lender can seize your home to repay your debt.
Methodology
We evaluated a range of lenders based on factors such as interest rates, APRs and fees, how long the draw and repayment periods are, and what types and variety of loans are offered. We also took into account factors that impact the user experience such as how easy it is to apply for a loan online and whether physical lender locations exist.
Homeownership affordability problems do not end once the consumer closes on the property, as nearly nine out of every 10 said the true cost is higher than expected, a Clever Real Estate study said.
Nearly three in five respondents, 58%, said they had buyers’ remorse, and among those that bought their property in 2020 (when the pandemic-fueled boom started) or later, the regret rate was over two-thirds at 68%. Purchasers before that time, 54% said they had buyers’ remorse.
The average homeowner spends $17,958 annually on expenses; if the borrower stays in the property for the entire 30-year term of a typical mortgage, that adds up to $538,740, Clever RE and its Real Estate Witch online publication found.
About 36% of homeowners believe owning their home has negatively affected their finances, with 23% stating it’s negatively impacted their mental health.
Had they known the total cost ahead of time, 60% of respondents claimed they would have made a different homebuying decision.
The top two choices about what they would have done differently is that they would have purchased a property that requires less maintenance, or negotiated a better price or contingencies, both at 21%. Waiting until mortgage rates fall was cited by 14%; respondents could choose more than one response.
Those who bought a home in 2023 or 2024 were more likely to say they overpaid than those who bought before 2010, 46% to 16%. From the entire sample, about 26% of homeowners say they overpaid.
Just under half stated they are spending more money owning a home than they would have on renting, supporting some recent studies on the costs of both. Meanwhile 28% stated if they had their druthers, they would prefer to return to renting.
Nearly two-thirds of respondents had regrets about their purchase, with 15% stating their mortgage payments are too high and 13% saying their interest rate is too high; more than one answer was possible for this question.
Clever/Real Estate Witch did an online survey of 1,000 U.S. homeowners on Feb.1 and 2. Each respondent answered 25 questions.
A separate study from Redfin released on Thursday found a buyer must earn $75,849 annually to afford the typical starter home as of February, up 8.2%, or $5,767 over a year earlier.
Different data Redfin put out that same day found for all homes, the average monthly payment on a purchase for the four weeks ended March 24 was at an all-time high.
“The most affordable homes are much smaller and often require a lot of work to make them habitable — which makes them cost even more,” Elijah de la Campa, senior economist at Redfin, said in a press release. “Today’s most affordable homes are still hard for the average American to afford, let alone the average first-time buyer who tends to put less money down in exchange for higher monthly payments.”
The state of California is maintaining its mortgage relief program funded by the 2021 American Rescue Plan, which includes assistance for reverse mortgage borrowers. But the funding is running low and could soon be exhausted soon, according to estimates from state housing officials as reported by the Los Angeles Times.
After extending availability for the program to more qualified recipients in February, officials now warn that those who could benefit from the financial assistance — designed primarily as an option for homeowners who were financially impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic — will need to act quickly if they want help.
A tally on the program’s official website shows that more than $823 million of the original $1 billion allocation to California has been used and the remaining $177 million could evaporate within the next couple of months.
“When you look at who received those funds, it’s been a real success,” Rebecca Franklin, president of the California Housing Finance Agency’s Homeowner Relief Corp., told the Times, adding that “we really were successful at getting the money to those populations who really were hit harder by the pandemic.”
The average amount of assistance provided by the program stands at just over $24,000 per household, and grants have been issued to more than 33,000 households across the state. The program rolled out in California in late 2021.
The federally created Homeowner Assistance Fund (HAF) is available to all borrowers, including reverse mortgage holders, in an effort to keep them compliant with their loan obligations, which was explained to RMD in early 2021 by Biden administration officials.
“The Homeowner Assistance Fund would be a way in which to provision funds to help homeowners, including seniors with [Home Equity Conversion Mortgage (HECM)s], that may have back tax or insurance payments that need to be made due to hardships related to the pandemic,” an administration official told RMD in February 2021. “And that would be one of the measures in which seniors and the HECM portfolio can be addressed.”
But for forward and reverse mortgage borrowers across the board, the HAF has had challenges reaching full deployment nationwide. Last month’s effort in California to expand the base of qualified beneficiaries was partially done to get more aid to homeowners faster, since there has been an awareness problem across the country.
This has been particularly true of potential reverse mortgage beneficiaries. HECM servicing professionals explained at reverse mortgage industry events that there have been difficulties in making reverse mortgage borrowers aware of the available funding — which is overseen by individual states — and had requested the help of loan originators to get the word out to their clients.
Housing demand reached a new level of enthusiasm during the pandemic, with homebuyers benefitting from extremely low mortgage rates. From the summer of 2020 until much of 2021, average 30-year mortgage rates stayed under 3%. However, as more and more buyers jumped into the real estate market, months of inventory began to plummet and home prices surged. According to the U.S. Census Bureau and U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, the national average sales price in the US grew from $383,000 in Q1 2020 to a peak of $552,600 in Q4 2022 – a 44.3% increase in less than two years.
So if you purchased a home during the pandemic, how much is it worth now? To find out, Zoocasa analyzed median home prices in 30 major US cities from January 2020, 2021, and 2022, and compared them with the 2024 median price to see how much they’ve changed over the last 4, 3, and 2 years.
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Median single-family home prices were sourced from each city’s respective real estate board and are from January of each year. Average 30-year fixed rates were sourced from Freddie Mac and are from the first week of each month. The national average sales price in the US for each quarter was sourced from the U.S. Census Bureau and U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Average Sales Price of Houses Sold for the United States [ASPUS], retrieved from the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.
In 14 of the 30 real estate markets we analyzed, the median home price increased by more than $100,000 from 2020 to 2024. In those four years, Californian homes increased the most in value. San Diego and San Francisco homes bought in 2020 appreciated by $265,000 and $247,000 respectively. Los Angeles homebuyers also built a significant amount of equity, with the median home price rising by $211,500 to $750,000 in 2024.
Outside of California, 2020 home purchases in Boston and Miami experienced significant price growth, both increasing by more than $200,000 in four years. For homebuyers in Miami in 2021, the value of their homes experienced the second-highest increase over three years, at $170,000, just below San Diego’s increase of $195,000. But Miami isn’t the only city in Florida where home prices have grown substantially from 2020. In Tampa and Jacksonville, home values have increased by $151,500 and $129,900 since 2020, and since 2021 they have risen by $115,000 and $95,919 respectively.
Other cities where home values increased by more than $100,000 in four years include Denver, Nashville, Dallas, and Salt Lake City. Buyers who bought a home in one of these cities in 2021 also benefited from sizable price appreciation – with home values rising by $100,000 or more in three years.
Though 2020 and 2021 pandemic buyers experienced a significant increase in their home values, some homebuyers who purchased a home in 2022 – when interest rates started climbing – have yet to see equity build. From January 2022 to January 2024, home values dropped in San Francisco by $71,000 and in Brooklyn, they dropped by $51,000. 2022 homebuyers are currently down in six other cities: Washington DC, San Antonio, Memphis, New Orleans, St. Louis, and Salt Lake City. But this doesn’t mean homebuyers in those cities won’t build equity. According to the National Association of Realtors®, in 2023 the median time buyers expected to stay in their home was 15 years. This gives the average homeowner plenty of time for their home to appreciate, and with interest rates coming down, competition will rise and push home prices up once again.
The vast majority of pandemic buyers are in the green, even if they bought their home in 2022. With some of the highest median home prices in the country, it comes as no surprise that Boston, Miami, San Diego and Los Angeles lead the way for 2-year price increases – all up by $50,000 or more. Not every city experienced home price increases of those heights, however. 2022 homebuyers in Philadelphia and Tucson built home equity, but values increased by just $1,250 and $2,500 respectively in two years.
If you’re looking to find an affordable home this spring, give us a call! We can answer any questions you have about your local market and help you navigate the home-buying process.
It’s entirely possible to sell a house with a mortgage. In fact, it’s common to sell a property that still has a mortgage, because most people don’t stay in a home long enough to pay off the home loan.
With the help of your lender and real estate agent, you can move ahead and sell a house with a mortgage. Yes, there’s a bit of paperwork involved, but settling your mortgage at the closing table shouldn’t prove too challenging.
Here’s everything you need to know about selling a home with a mortgage.
What Happens to Your Mortgage When You Sell Your Home?
When you sell your home, the amount you contracted with the buyer is put toward your mortgage and settlement costs before any excess funds are wired to you. Here’s how it works for different transaction types.
A Typical Sale
In a typical sale, homeowners will put their current home on the market before buying another one. Assuming the homeowners have more value in their home than what is owed on their mortgage, they can take the proceeds from the sale of the home and apply that money to the purchase of a new home.
A Short Sale
A short sale is one when you cannot sell the home for what you owe on the mortgage and need to ask the lender to cover the difference (or short).
In a short sale transaction, the mortgage lender and servicer must accept the buyer’s offer before an escrow account can be opened for the sale of the property. This type of mortgage relief transaction can be lengthy (up to 120 days) and involves a lot of paperwork. It’s not common in areas where values are falling or at times when the real estate market is dropping.
When You Buy Another House
There are several roads you can take when you buy another house before selling your own. You may have the option of:
• Holding two mortgages. If your lender approves you for a new mortgage without selling your current home, you may be able to use this option when shopping for a mortgage. However, you won’t be able to use funds from the sale of your current home for the purchase of your next home.
• Including a home sale contingency in your real estate contract. The home sale contingency states that the purchase of the new home depends upon the sale of the old home. In other words, the contract is not binding unless you find a buyer to purchase the old home. The two transactions are often tied together. When the sale of the old home closes, it can immediately fund the down payment and closing costs of the new home (depending on how much there is, of course). Keep in mind that a home sale contingency can make your offer less competitive in a hot real estate market where sellers are not willing to wait around for a buyer’s home to sell.
• Getting a bridge loan. A bridge loan is a short-term loan used to fund the costs of obtaining a new home before selling the old home. The interest rates are usually pretty high, but most homebuyers don’t plan to hold the loan for long.
💡 Quick Tip: You deserve a more zen mortgage. Look for a mortgage lender who’s dedicated to closing your loan on time.
Selling a House With a Mortgage: Step by Step
Here are the steps to take to sell a home that still has a mortgage.
Get a Payoff Quote
To determine exactly how much of the mortgage you still owe, you’ll need a payoff quote from your mortgage servicer. This is not the same thing as the balance shown on your last mortgage statement. The payoff amount will include any interest still owed until the day your loan is paid off, as well as any fees you may owe.
The payoff quote will have an expiration date. If the outstanding mortgage balance is paid off before that date, the amount on the payoff quote is valid. If it is paid after, sellers will need to obtain a new payoff quote.
Determine Your Home Equity
Equity is the difference between what your property is worth and what you owe on your mortgage (your payoff quote is most accurate). If your home is worth $400,000 and your payoff amount on the existing mortgage is $250,000, your equity is $150,000.
When you sell your home, you gain access to this equity. Your mortgage, any second mortgage like a home equity loan, and closing costs are settled, and then you are wired the excess amount to use how you like. Many homeowners opt to use part or all of the money as a down payment on their next home.
Secure a Real Estate Agent
A real estate agent can walk you through the process of selling a home with a mortgage and clear up questions on other mortgage basics. Your agent will be particularly valuable if you need to buy a new home before selling your current home.
Set a Price
With your agent, you will look at factors that affect property value, such as comparable sales in your area, to help you set a price. There are different price strategies you can review with your agent to bring in more buyers to bid on your home.
Accept a Bid and Open Escrow
After an open house and showings, you may have an offer (or a handful). Consider what you value in accepting an offer. Do you want a fast close? The highest price? A buyer who is flexible with your moving date? A buyer with mortgage preapproval?
You may also choose to continue negotiating with prospective buyers. Once you’ve selected a buyer and have signed the contract, it’s time to go into escrow.
Review Your Settlement Statement
You’ll be in escrow until the day your transaction closes. An escrow or title agent is the intermediary between you and the buyer until the deal is done. While the loan is being processed, title reports are prepared, inspections are held, and other details to close the deal are being worked out.
Three days before, you’ll see a closing disclosure (if you’re buying a house at the same time) and a settlement statement. The settlement statement outlines fees and charges of the real estate transaction and pinpoints how much money you’ll net by selling your home. 💡 Quick Tip: Generally, the lower your debt-to-income ratio, the better loan terms you’ll be offered. One way to improve your ratio is to increase your income (hello, side hustle!). Another way is to consolidate your debt and lower your monthly debt payments.
Selling a House With a Negative Equity
Negative equity means that the value of an asset (such as a home) is less than the balance due on the loan against it. Say you purchased a property for $400,000 with a $380,000 loan, but then the real estate market took a nosedive. Your property is now worth $350,000, less than the amount of the mortgage.
If you have negative equity in the home and need to sell it, it is possible to sell if you come up with the difference yourself.
In this scenario (an alternative to a short sale), you pay the difference between the amount left on your mortgage note and the purchase offer at closing. So in the example above, if you sold the house for $350,000, at the closing, you would need to pay the loan holder an additional $30,000 to clear the debt.
The Takeaway
Selling a house with a mortgage is common. The buyer pays the sales price, and that money is used to pay off your remaining mortgage, your closing costs, and any second mortgage. The rest is your profit.
Looking for an affordable option for a home mortgage loan? SoFi can help: We offer low down payments (as little as 3% – 5%*) with our competitive and flexible home mortgage loans. Plus, applying is extra convenient: It’s online, with access to one-on-one help.
SoFi Mortgages: simple, smart, and so affordable.
FAQ
Who is responsible for the mortgage on the house during the sale?
The homeowner is responsible for continuing to pay the mortgage until paperwork is signed on closing day.
What happens if you sell a house with a HELOC?
When you sell a home that has a home equity line of credit with a balance, a home equity loan, or any other kind of lien against the house, that will need to be paid off before the remaining equity is paid out to you.
What happens to escrow money when you sell your house?
Your mortgage escrow account will be closed, and any money left will be refunded to you.
Can I make a profit on a house I still owe on?
Yes. You can make a profit if the amount you sell your house for is greater than the amount you owe on it, less closing and settlement costs.
Can I have two mortgages at once?
Yes, you can have two mortgages at once if the lender approves it.
Photo credit: iStock/Beton studio
*SoFi requires Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) for conforming home loans with a loan-to-value (LTV) ratio greater than 80%. As little as 3% down payments are for qualifying first-time homebuyers only. 5% minimum applies to other borrowers. Other loan types may require different fees or insurance (e.g., VA funding fee, FHA Mortgage Insurance Premiums, etc.). Loan requirements may vary depending on your down payment amount, and minimum down payment varies by loan type.
SoFi Loan Products SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.
SoFi Mortgages Terms, conditions, and state restrictions apply. Not all products are available in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
I like interesting stories and I like interesting houses. I also like to believe I tell the former and have the latter. (Don’t we all?) So, when a book titled “Authentic Interiors: Rooms That Tell Stories” (Gibbs Smith, March 2024) hit my radar, I thought, “Shazam! My worlds collide!”
I dove into the 224-page, picture-rich hardcover, then rang up the author, interior designer Philip Gorrivan, to see if I could divine the secret to designing rooms that tell not just stories, but our stories. (Face it. Despite what they say, a lot of designers tell their stories.)
In his introduction, Gorrivan cites the 20th-century designer David Hicks who said, “The best rooms have something to say about the people who live in them.” The book then goes on to feature 14 client-inspired projects including the author’s own house.
“If you’re going to design your home, whether a grand house or a shoebox apartment, whatever the budget, make sure your interior space is an extension of who you are,” he said. “This, after all, is where you come home, sleep and live.”
Few would disagree. However, this is one of those easy-to-say, harder-to-do design maxims. In the wrong hands, the result could be ghastly. Some people’s stories just aren’t pretty. I turned to the pages for clues. For one couple — a screenwriter and newspaper editor — Gorrivan used posterized black-and-white images of famous faces. For a Brazilian couple’s New York apartment, he incorporated saturated tones from the tropical rain forest, painting walls in a lacquered emerald and incorporating fuchsia furnishings.
As with any author I interview, but especially this one, I was curious to learn the writer’s story. Where is he coming from? So, I asked Gorrivan, who has a house in Connecticut and an apartment in Manhattan, that and a few more questions:
Marni:Before we talk about other people’s stories, what’s yours? What was your early home like?
Philip: Because my parents had different interests, our house was a mix of antiques and modern furnishings. It was by no means “decorated.” We lived in Portland, Maine, where we had these long bleak winters. My family had this old farmhouse, which became a repository for family hand-me-downs and heirlooms. To amuse myself, I spent hours exploring all these pieces. I became visually tuned into furniture at a young age. I may have been the first 10-year-old to ask for a subscription to Architectural Digest.
Q: Interior design wasn’t your first career. When and why did you switch?
A: After college, I worked in sales, got married, had children and was working to pay the bills. When 9/11 hit, we were living in New York. It made me rethink everything. I decided then to do what I loved. I went to work for an interior design firm to learn the ropes, and after two years went out on my own. My break came when House & Gardens magazine asked me to design a room for a show home they were putting together. They had one room left, a 12-by-8-foot laundry room, the smallest room in the house. I made the most of it.
Q: Although your rooms tell your clients’ stories, you clearly have a signature look. How would you describe it?
A: I come from a love of textiles and fabrics, color and pattern. I like to align with great design firms of the 20th century to create a look I call classic modern, a mix of periods that speak to both the home and the homeowner.
Q: Color indeed! Not everyone can pull off Chinese red lacquered walls.
A: While I have a lot of respect for neutrals and earth tones, I especially like mixing in strong color. Color is powerful and transformative. The chapter titled “Reinvention,” for example, features a New York apartment we made over after the owner got divorced. He was living in the same place he’d shared with his ex-wife and wanted it to feel completely different. Painting the walls bright spring green felt like a new beginning.
Q:Beautiful interior design books cover coffee tables everywhere. Why another one? How is your book different?
A: The word “authentic” is in the title because it’s important to me. We see a lot of pastiche in the design world, where designers copy and paste the work of others. Authenticity is critical in any creative endeavor. I wanted to convey that and emphasize that a successful interior should speak to the architecture of the house or apartment, to the surrounding geography, and ultimately to the homeowner.
Q:What if the homeowner is a couple with different interests and tastes?
A: Every couple disagrees on looks. We negotiate. A successful home design includes elements that reflect all inhabitants, which ultimately makes the interior even more unique.
Q:What makes you cringe when you walk into some homes?
A: Furnishings that are totally out of scale. A sofa that is way too big or art that is too small can ruin a room.
Q:How can we inject our story into our homes, whether that reflects our professions, interests or heritage?
A: Think of what you love and want to surround yourself with: your children, your pets, your travels, your roots. It may not be your profession. Some clients don’t want any reminders of their work once they get home. And you’d be surprised how many want to decorate using the colors of their favorite sports team. Heritage also matters. I always want to know where my clients grew up.
Q:What do you want readers to take away?
A: Though the book is filled with pictures, I hope readers look at the words, too. I hope they read the different stories and see how stories can come alive in design. I hope they see how the best designs come from the inside out, and come away thinking, maybe I can do this, too?
Marni Jameson is the author of seven books including the newly released Rightsize Today to Create Your Best Life Tomorrow, What to Do With Everything You Own to Leave the Legacy You Want.
“Authentic Interiors” by Philip Gorrivan (Gibbs Smith, March 2024, $45, 224 pages) “provides much to savor,” says Publishers Weekly. Photo courtesy Gibbs Smith. (Handout via Marni Jameson)
Borrowers hoping for some quick relief were left disappointed this week after the Federal Reserve elected to keep interest rates paused. While the benchmark interest rate range will stay the same between 5.25% and 5.50% — a 23-year high — there were indications that rate cuts could come later this year and into 2025. Against this backdrop, borrowers should remain judicious about how they access credit and which credit forms they use.
Homeowners, for example, have a great resource at their disposal: their home equity. Considering that the average homeowner has around $200,000 to utilize in today’s market, right now may be a great time to do so, even with elevated interest rates on pause. Below, we’ll break down three reasons why you should get a home equity loan now.
Start by seeing what home equity loan rate you could qualify for here.
Why you should get a home equity loan with interest rates paused
Here are three compelling reasons why homeowners should get a home equity loan or home equity line of credit (HELOC) with rates frozen.
Rates will stay where they are (for now)
An interest rate pause is still better than an interest rate hike, particularly for those considering accessing their home equity. The average home equity loan interest rate as of Thursday was 8.59% while the average HELOC was 8.99%. And that’s after the Fed’s announcement, meaning that the repercussions of keeping rates the same have likely been accounted for — and rates are still under 9%.
And if hints of a rate cut become more substantive in the weeks to come, rates on both borrowing products may drop lower. This gives borrowers some more flexibility and an extended window of opportunity to find the best lender for their needs (homeowners don’t need to use their current home loan lender if they don’t want to).
Start shopping for home equity loans online now.
Rates are still lower than popular alternatives
Have you looked at the interest rates on other popular credit alternatives lately? Credit card interest rates are around 20% right now while the average personal loan interest rate is better, but still around 12%, for borrowers. Both are significantly higher than what home equity and HELOC lenders will offer right now — and neither comes with the interest tax deductions if used for eligible home repairs and renovations. And with interest rates on pause, the rate climate is likely to remain as is, at least until the Fed meets again at the end of April.
Your rate could drop later this year
While home equity loan rates are fixed and will require refinancing to secure a lower rate, HELOC rates are not. As such, if you take out a HELOC this spring and rates drop fall later in the season, the payment you’ll need to make on the line of credit will fall in tandem. This could result in immediate savings back to you.
“This is simply an interest rate question,” Mark Charnet, founder and CEO of American Prosperity Group, a financial planning firm, recently told CBS News. “If the borrower feels rates will fall in the short-term, a HELOC, which normally adjusts the interest rate monthly, may be a better opportunity.”
Explore your HELOC options to learn more.
The bottom line
With interest rates on pause — and cuts likely for later in the year — now is an opportune time for homeowners to tap into their home equity. By doing so now they can still get a relatively low rate and save money versus using alternatives with much higher rates. And if they use a HELOC over a home equity loan, owners can position themselves for further savings due to the HELOC’s variable rate nature. As is the case when considering home equity borrowing, however, owners should thoroughly consider all options as their home will be used as collateral. If they can’t adequately pay back what they borrow, then they could risk losing their home in the transaction.
Matt Richardson
Matt Richardson is the managing editor for the Managing Your Money section for CBSNews.com. He writes and edits content about personal finance ranging from savings to investing to insurance.
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Mike Fratantoni, the chief economist and senior vice president of research and industry technology at the Mortgage Bankers Association (MBA), addressed three major challenges in the housing market during testimony before the U.S. House of Representatives‘ Financial Services Subcommittee on Housing and Insurance.
The biggest challenge in today’s housing market is the lack of inventory, Fratantoni said in his written statement on Wednesday.
“While the demographic fundamentals of the market continue to support strong housing demand for the next several years, the market is millions of units short of that needed to support this demand,” he said.
The silver lining, however, is that builders have picked up their pace of construction. New homes now account for roughly one-third of homes on the market, which compares to a more typical historical share of 10%.
As a result, a large delivery of multifamily units is expected over the next few years, but the recent trend in elevated mortgage rates has exacerbated this supply shortfall, Fratantoni explained.
Compounding the lack of supply is the proverbial “lock-in“ effect that has disincentivized homeowners to sell their current properties, thereby giving up a low mortgage rate and taking on a new loan at a much higher rate.
“A homeowner that was able to refinance into a low-3% or high-2% mortgage rate is just much less likely to list their property,” Fratantoni told lawmakers. “It doesn’t mean they’re never going to list … but it’s a friction in the system, so it’s going to keep existing inventory much lower than it otherwise would be.
“That’s been a support to home prices, but for someone trying to get into the market, it’s really an obstacle.”
Concerns over Basel III Endgame
Fratantoni also expressed concern that the recent Basel III Endgame proposal would accelerate the trend of the mortgage market shifting away from depository institutions, particularly large banks, toward non-depositories and independent mortgage banks.
The Basel Endgame proposal — issued by the Federal Reserve, Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. (FDIC) and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) in July 2023 – boosted capital requirements for residential mortgage portfolios at large U.S. banks in comparison to international standards.
Under the draft proposal, 40% to 90% risk weights would be assigned for large banks that issue residential mortgages, depending on the loan-to-value ratio, which is 20 basis points above the international standard.
MBA’s comment letter highlighted the overly conservative risk weights on mortgages — particularly for low down payment loans favored by first-time homebuyers — and the lack of benefit for loans with mortgage insurance. It also mentioned the punitive treatment of mortgage servicing rights (MSRs) and the burdensome treatment of warehouse lending as being particularly negative for the mortgage market.
The Basel Endgame proposal would increase capital requirements on all three types of mortgage activities by banks — low down payment loans held on balance sheets, mortgage servicing and warehouse lending.
As a result, the Basel Endgame proposal “poses a significant risk to the stability of the housing finance market if it is not modified across all of these dimensions,” Frantantoni stated.
Rising cost of property insurance
Addressing the increased cost of property insurance for both prospective homebuyers and current homeowners is a priority for the MBA.
“The lack of availability and cost of homeowners insurance … it’s not only impacting the ability of borrowers to qualify for a loan, but increasing payments for existing homeowners to such an extent really puts them on an unstable path, so it really is front and center for us right now,” Fratantoni told lawmakers.
The average cost to insure a $300,000 home surged by 12% in 2023, reaching $1,770 per year, according to an Insurify report.
Certain insurance carriers have also limited their participation in natural disaster-prone states like California and Florida, given the increases in risks and costs.
Over the past 18 months, seven of the 12 largest insurance companies by market share in California have either paused or restricted new policies in the state, highlighted by the departures of State Farm and Allstate in June 2023.
Due to these departures and price hikes, the California FAIR Plan, the state’s insurer of last resort, has seen enrollment double over the past few years.
“Although these increases in premiums and reductions in availability of insurance have been concentrated in certain markets at this point, the concerns regarding property insurance continue to build for our lender members in the residential, multifamily and commercial sectors — and for all their customers,” Fratantoni said.