Many landlords are finding it difficult to finance or refinance their properties thanks to high interest rates and high debt-to-income ratios. Debt Service Coverage Ratio (DSCR) loans are an option that prioritizes cash flow on the property over the landlord’s personal credit. While DSCR loans appear to be the solution to many investors’ prayers, there are many downsides to DSCR loans. I have looked into the loans many times but have never personally pulled the trigger on one.
What is a DSCR Loan?
Unlike traditional loans that rely heavily on your personal income and credit score, DSCR loans focus on the income-generating potential of the property itself. These loans are particularly ideal for investors with:
Limited traditional income: Self-employed individuals, business owners, or those with irregular earnings can qualify based on the property’s projected rental income.
Multiple mortgaged properties: If you already have several investment properties, traditional lenders might not give any additional loans. There could be portfolio lenders who will lend to investors, usually small banks and DSCR lenders who do not care how many properties you have.
How Does a DSCR Loan Work?
Instead of scrutinizing your tax returns and credit score, DSCR loans use a simple formula:
DSCR = Net Operating Income (NOI) / Total Debt Service (TDS)
NOI: Rental income minus operating expenses like property taxes, insurance, and maintenance.
TDS: Monthly principal and interest payments on the loan.
A minimum DSCR ratio, typically between 1.25 and 1.5, is required for loan approval (some lenders may go down to 1.0 with a large down payment). This ensures the property generates enough income to comfortably cover its debt obligations.
Some DSCR lenders will also lend on potential cash flow which means the property does not have to be fully stabilized before they will consider it. It is also important to know what the lender’s definition of cash flow is because my definition is much different than theirs!
Pros and cons of DSCR loans
Advantages of DSCR Loans:
Access to financing: Even with imperfect credit or limited income, you can secure funding for promising investment opportunities.
Focus on cash flow: The emphasis on property income encourages responsible investment choices based on sustainable potential.
Faster closing times: DSCR loan applications can be less complex and quicker to process compared to traditional loans.
Risks and Considerations:
Higher interest rates: DSCR loans often come with higher interest rates than traditional loans due to the perceived increased risk.
Stricter property requirements: Lenders might have specific criteria for property type, location, and rental income potential.
Limited loan-to-value (LTV) ratios: The amount you can borrow might be lower compared to traditional loans, requiring a larger down payment.
Pre-payment penalties: Most DSCR loans come with large pre-payment penalties which means you will need to hold that loan for the long term or pay hefty penalties.
Is a DSCR Loan Right for You?
While DSCR loans offer enticing possibilities, careful evaluation is crucial. Consider these factors:
Your financial goals: Is the higher potential return worth the increased interest costs and risk?
Property selection: Can you find a property with strong enough rental income to meet the DSCR requirements?
Exit strategy: Are you prepared to hold the property long enough to avoid the pre-payment penalties or are you willing to pay them if you need to sell or refinance?
Why Have I not used a DSCR loan?
I have looked into using DSCR loans on some of my properties but there are a few reasons I have never pulled the trigger.
The pre-payment penalty is a huge downside right now when interest rates are dropping and I may want to refinance in a year or two.
The interest rates always seem to be quite a bit higher when I get my official quote than what is originally advertised.
There are quite a bit of origination fees and points when using a broker.
Many DSCR lenders will not lend on mixed-use or commercial properties which I have a lot of!
If you can get local bank financing it is usually much better than a DSCR lender. The rates are lower with no pre-payment penalties but the banks may have shorter terms on their loans as well. I may look into DSCR loans again and you can find some lending options on my resources page if you are looking for a lender.
Below is the property I may be looking to refinance soon.
The information provided on this website does not, and is not intended to, act as legal, financial or credit advice. See Lexington Law’s editorial disclosure for more information.
The lowest possible credit score is 300 for FICO® and VantageScore®. Your credit score doesn’t start at 300, but it can drop due to negative marks on your credit report.
The average credit score in the United States was 716 as of 2022, according to Experian®, and this is a credit score that many people would be happy to have. Using the FICO® score range, 714 falls within the “good” range, but what is the lowest credit score?
There’s a common misconception that the credit score you start with is zero, but that’s not the case. Today, you will learn what the lowest credit score is and the factors and situations that affect your score. Most importantly, we’ll give you some tips to potentially improve your credit, which could save you money and give you more access to lines of credit and loans.
What’s the lowest credit score?
A 300 credit score is the lowest credit score you can have, but this isn’t necessarily the score that you start with. You don’t get a credit score until you have a bill reported to the major credit bureaus. If you’re making your payments on time, you may have a credit score that starts in the 600s. Typically, if you have the lowest credit score of 300, there are negative marks on your credit report that are lowering your score.
Your credit score may differ depending on which scoring model you’re looking at. While the most popular scoring model is FICO, there is also VantageScore®. Both scoring models have a total scale of 300 to 850, so the lowest possible credit score is 300 for both models.
Using the table below, you’ll notice that the ranges are slightly different, but they use a scale of 300 to 840.
FICO
VantageScore
300 – 579 (Poor)
300 – 499 (Very poor)
580 – 669 (Fair)
500 – 600 (Poor)
670 – 739 (Good)
601 – 660 (Fair)
740 – 799 (Very good)
661 – 780 (Good)
800 – 850 (Exceptional)
781 – 850 (Excellent)
5 reasons people have low credit scores
As mentioned, it’s a misconception that your credit score starts at zero. In reality, some derogatory marks can lower your credit score to 300. Your credit score comprises different factors like your payment history, debt, credit age, new credit inquiries and mix of credit types. In many cases where a person has a low credit score, they’re taking actions that negatively affect the five main factors that determine a credit score.
Your credit score is a simplified way for lenders to assess risk. Negative marks on your credit may be a red flag to lenders that you are not capable of paying back a loan. Some of the most common reasons people have low credit scores include:
Poor payment history: Your payment history makes up 35 percent of your credit score, so missing payments and late payments can lower your score significantly.
Collection accounts: When you stop making payments on an account, the lender can sell your debt to a collection agency. This can negatively affect your score for up to seven years.
Bankruptcies and foreclosures: Depending on which type of bankruptcy you file, it can hurt your credit for the next seven to 10 years. Foreclosures stay on your credit report for seven years, according to the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau.
Too many hard inquiries: Each time you apply for a credit card or other services that run a hard inquiry on your credit report, it can hurt your credit.
Errors on your credit report: Sometimes, lenders or other businesses that report to the credit bureaus make mistakes. For example, they may say that you missed a payment. If this happens, you can dispute the errors and potentially help your credit.
Keep in mind that some of the above will hurt your credit more than others.
6 tips to improve your low credit
Achieving the max credit score of 850 is difficult and takes time, but it’s an attainable goal for everyone to improve their low credit. You can improve your low credit with some simple steps and good habits. Even if you have the lowest credit score of 300, over time, you can raise your score to good or even excellent.
Pay off collection accounts: One of the first things you can do to work on your score is to pay off your collection accounts. These hurt your credit quite a bit, so paying them off helps. When you do this, be sure to send a pay-for-delete letter to potentially have the negative mark removed from your report.
Address errors on your report: If there is an error on your credit report, disputing the error may get it removed from your report and improve your score.
Set up automatic payments: Making your payments on time should help improve your credit. Even if you pay just the minimum on your credit cards, on-time payments are beneficial. If you have the funds, you can make additional payments to pay down your debt faster as well.
Keep your credit utilization low: Your credit utilization is the amount that you owe compared to your total credit limit. Ideally, you want this below 30 percent. For example, if you have a $1,000 credit limit, you wouldn’t want to owe more than $300.
Monitor your credit: A great way to work on your score is to check your credit regularly. This can alert you to errors and allow you to adjust your behaviors if you see your credit dip. This is also a great way to stay motivated as you see your credit begin to improve.
Apply for more lines of credit: Yes, applying for too many lines of credit can hurt your score, but you can apply strategically. Having more lines of credit increases your max credit limit and can lower your credit utilization. This also helps with improving your credit age and payment history if you make your payments on time.
Don’t let errors harm your credit
Errors on your credit report can be frustrating and difficult to navigate when you’re dealing with the major credit bureaus. While you can do it on your own, help is available. If you have a low credit score due to errors on your credit report, you don’t have to go through the credit repair process alone. Lexington Law Firm has helped thousands of people repair their credit and has sent out over 221 million credit challenges since 2004. We have a team of credit professionals who are here to help you with your credit by challenging the credit bureaus on your behalf while also providing other services like credit monitoring. To get started, sign up today.
Note: Articles have only been reviewed by the indicated attorney, not written by them. The information provided on this website does not, and is not intended to, act as legal, financial or credit advice; instead, it is for general informational purposes only. Use of, and access to, this website or any of the links or resources contained within the site do not create an attorney-client or fiduciary relationship between the reader, user, or browser and website owner, authors, reviewers, contributors, contributing firms, or their respective agents or employers.
Reviewed By
Nature Lewis
Associate Attorney
Before joining Lexington Law as an Associate Attorney, Nature Lewis managed a successful practice representing tenants in Maricopa County.
Through her representation of tenants, Nature gained experience in Federal law, Family law, Probate, Consumer protection and Civil law. She received numerous accolades for her dedication to Tenant Protection in Arizona, including, John P. Frank Advocate for Justice Award in 2016, Top 50 Pro Bono Attorney of 2015, New Tenant Attorney of the Year in 2015 and Maricopa County Attorney of the Month in March 2015. Nature continued her dedication to pro bono work while volunteering at Community Legal Services’ Volunteer Lawyer’s Program and assisting victims of Domestic Violence at the local shelter. Nature is passionate about providing free knowledge to the underserved community and continues to hold free seminars about tenant rights and plans to incorporate consumer rights in her free seminars. Nature is a wife and mother of 5 children. She and her husband have been married for 24 years and enjoy traveling internationally, watching movies and promoting their indie published comic books!
We’re all aware that there are vast differences in what’s considered normal around the world, and most of us have even noticed that there are differences in normal between families, small towns, different schools, etc. But have you ever found yourself in the midst of your own country or even your family and wondered How is that just normal? Well, we’re with you. Whether it’s something as seemingly inconsequential as a particular gesture, or more dramatic such as customs surrounding celebrations, it’s pretty common to feel like the odd one out a some point. So stick with us; we’re examining some of the things people find normal that we just can’t get used to.
1. Spitting Loogies
One user shared, “Spitting, especially loogies. I literally almost throw up when I see someone doing it.”
Ok, we’re with you on that one. We know everybody has their own preferences and we’re not here to stop you, but spitting really just baffles us.
2. Holding a Bag of Dog Waste
One Redditor user said, “On colder days when my dad walks the dog, he’ll sometimes hold the dog [waste] bag in his hands to warm his hands.”
Another user commented, “This is deeply disturbing.”
Fortunately, it seems only that commenter’s dad thinks this is normal. Frankly, we’ve never heard of anyone else doing this and we don’t plan to make it any more widespread than it already is. That’s just uncomfortable and gross.
3. Writing With Chalk
“Perhaps not gross, but I am repulsed by holding chalk and writing on a chalkboard. The touch, the feel, the sound, everything,” posted by one Redditor.
Another user shared, “We just got new dishes a couple of months back and the bottom is the raw clay feeling. That terrible gritty sandpaper-like texture. I can hardly use the plates without shivering and getting weirded out.”
There are a lot of odd textures out there, and while they don’t bother a lot of people, when they do bother you it’s almost impossible to forget about.
4. Parents Monetizing Kids on YouTube
One user pointed out, “People monetizing their kids on YouTube.”
Another user replied, “This should be a top comment.”
To be fair, that’s definitely a gray area. But we definitely feel a lot of sympathy for those kids, having to grow up in the spotlight, and sometimes in really vulnerable and uncomfortable ways. We’ll say this much for sure: people’s kids should never have to be publicly uncomfortable just to help their parents make a buck. Providing for the family is the job of an adult, and kids aren’t responsible to help with expenses by performing.
5 When Someone Else Washes My Dishes
One user stated, “When someone else ‘washes’ my dishes for me and I drink from a ‘clean’ glass, and it smells of rotting food and I look at my sponge and it’s covered in food because someone thought that smearing food around my dishes with a sponge somehow made them clean you’re all fired I never want to see you again.”
Sanitation is no joke when you’re washing the dishes. Sponges are great, but you’ve got to keep them clean in order to really clean the dishes you’re washing. And if you’re washing dishes in somebody else’s home to show them you care, go the extra mile and make sure you wash the dishes they way that they like them washed.
6. Wearing Big Engagement Rings Without Cleaning Them
“Wearing those big-a- engagement rings and never properly cleaning them. Especially in a hospital, nobody should be wearing anything below the elbow for good hand hygiene. I can’t imagine how many germs live between all those diamonds that are now spreading to my patients. Just take it all off, leave them at home!” one online user stated.
Another user confirmed and replied, “Omg, so many patients just leave their rings on for years, and then the stones are filled with lotion, dead skin, and grease.”
Besides the important sanitary concerns, did you know your ring will sparkle so much more if you clean it regularly? Most jewelers will offer free cleanings for any rings or jewelry you’ve purchased through them, and otherwise the price is very low, often as cheap as five dollars to get your whole ring polished and looking good as new again.
7 the Sound of Chewing
One user posted, “The sound of people chewing,”
Another user responded, “Ugh, eating with mouth open …”
Honestly, that’s just good manners. There’s definitely an etiquette to chewing. If you’re alone in the privacy of your own home, then be considerate of anyone else around you while you’re eating.
8. Children With Snotty Faces
“Children with food on their face. And snot,” one user shared.
Another user stated, “As a parent, we find it gross too. We’re just tired of cleaning it 900 times a day.”
9. When Clothes Smell Musty
One Redditor posted, “Maybe not ‘normal’ but I am repulsed by the smell created by clothing not correctly drying. The scent is on clothing that sat in the washer machine too long. Or dish towels and bathroom towels that dried without being spread out. I smell it on people from down the aisle in stores. And don’t get me started on drying my hands in someone’s bathroom and finding out the smell is lingering on my hands now.”
Granted, some people have this harder for others. For example, the southwest United States is much less humid than other parts of the country, and that makes drying clothes and towels much faster and easier. In other locations, it’s more challenging to get clothes and linens completely dry and it takes some effort not to smell musty.
10. Constantly Spitting
One user said, “Spitting. I feel physically ill when I witness someone hawking and spitting in public or see spit sitting on the pavement.”
Another user added, “My friend is always doing this. I’m less disgusted than I am confused. I’ve never felt the need to spit spontaneously, lol.”
While we’re here, could somebody tell us why they spit all the time? Is there a good reason for this? From the outside it seems like a pretty unnecessary habit, so please enlighten us.
11. Licking Fingers to Turn a Page
“Licking their fingers to turn a page. Turns my stomach!” one Redditor shared.
Another user added, “Or counting money. F- filthy.”
Ok, fair enough.. If you need to lick your fingers for any reason, please wash your hands afterwards. Keep the germs from spreading and be considerate of others.
12. Not Washing Hands Before a Meal
One Commenter mentioned, “Not washing hands before a meal. You have been in filth, and you are going to touch your food with those hands? Yuk.”
Another replied, “Also, not washing your hands when cooking food. I can’t understand how people just start cooking food for other people without doing it.”
13. Not Rinsing the Soap Suds off Dishes
One user added, “Washing dishes in a tub of soapy water and not rinsing off the soap suds. Or not scrubbing the outsides of pots and pans as well. Makes me want to vomit. I’d rather not taste stale soap and bacteria in my cup of tea or food, thanks. I can always tell as well.“
Soap always leaves a residue, and yea, most of us can taste it. It’s such a strong flavor and it adds an unpleasant taste to anything you eat or drink from that dish. It seems Washing dishes is more of an art than maybe we first thought.
14. Coughing Without Covering
“Spitting, coughing without covering your mouth. I have multiple sclerosis. Get sick really easily,” one user added.
Another user agreed, “I work in a hospital. I still wear a mask the entire work day. I’ve been asked “why” over & over, told that I don’t have to do that anymore, so-called a sheep, & various other comments. My job is directly in patient’s bubbles. The mask does prevent being a direct hit from bodily fluids, helps with the unpleasant outdoors, & hides my facial expressions from exposure to those things.”
Ok, that’s a pretty fair assessment. If you’re working with people’s bodies and fluids, it only makes sense to be as protected as you can.
15. Not Washing Your Hands After Going to the Bathroom
A user commented, “Not washing your hands after going to the bathroom. Nasty.”
Another user shared, “I would hope everyone finds this nasty …”
What can we say; there’s a reason stores and restaurants have signs reminding employees to wash their hands. It’s both less common than we could wish, and much more gross than some people seem to think.
16. Employers Paying New Hires More Than Current Employees
One user stated, “Employers paying new hires more than tenured employees. Having drastically different pay rates for people with similar credentials doing the same job.”
Another user added, “Not entirely the same, but my first job was at a McDonald’s. I was making, I think, like, 5.45 an hour? One of my friends at the time got hired on at 6/hr. I approached the manager about it, and he said, ‘It was a mistake, but I can’t increase your pay or decrease theirs. Also, who told you about it?’ He made clear in his tone he intended to punish the person that told me, and I didn’t say s-.”
17 Wearing Sneakers Without Socks
“Wearing sneakers without socks. Ugh! The sweat stinks,” one user shared.
Another user replied, “Agreed. But Most of the time you see that; they’re probably just wearing no-shows.”
We agree with both commenters; most of the time people are wearing no-show socks. And if they’re not wearing socks at all, that’s about to smell terrible. Even shoes you’ve only worn with socks tend to smell terrible after a while. But if you really have make that fashion choice, rest assured there are plenty of stinky-shoe remedies online to rescue you.
18. Childbirth
One Redditor stated, “Childbirth. We’re all here because of it, and it’s currently my day job to catch a baby or two per day, but [holy cow] is it like watching a woman’s [body] go through Vietnam each time.”
One user added, “Time for a game of ‘child-snatcher or midwife?’”
It’s true that watching childbirth can be an uncomfortable process, but birth is truly a normal part of life. Like the commenter said, without birth none of us would be here, so we have our mothers to thank for going through all that struggle for us.
19. Kissing Pets on the Mouth
“Kissing pets in their mouth,” shared one user.
Another user posted, “What everyone’s dad didn’t say, ‘I just saw that dog eating s- outside,’ every time this happens … “
No offense to the pet parents out there, but there’s definitely a lot of germs not only in cats’ and dogs’ mouths, but in human mouths. And transferring that many germs between humans and animals has never been a great idea. We get that it’s normal and a lot of people connect with their pets and show affection that way, but maybe consider some other manner of pet cuddling than kissing them.
20. Smacking Gum
Another commenter shared, “Smacking gum. I hate it. And loud chewing/swallowing noises.”
Chewing gum seems to be one of those things people either love or hate; there’s no middle ground. But we totally understand how it can be annoying for those who are highly sensitive, especially to noise.
What do you think of the list shared above? Share your thoughts with us down in the comments!
Source: Reddit.
10 Actors Perfectly Cast for Their Character Roles
Have you ever watched a movie or show and been completely lost in it because of how well an actor or actress became their character? Check out this article for a whole list of actors who were perfectly cast!
11 Vampire Movies That Will Make You Thirst for More
You know that feeling where you’re on a movie kick in a certain genre, but you seem to run out of good movies to watch? Well, if you’re down for a vampire movie or three, check out this article for the best ones out there!
10 Incredible Movies That People Rated 10 Out of 10
It’s pretty hard to replicate the experience of watching your favorite movie for the first time, but we’ve put together a list of movies that people have rated at a perfect 10/10. Next time you need a good movie to watch, check this out!
10 Famous People Who Canceled Themselves With Their Own Stupidity
We’ve all been there: you make a comment you haven’t thought through at all, and the whole room goes silent at what you’ve just said. But can you imagine doing that as a famous person—and getting canceled? Check out this list of celebrities who did just that!
13 Things You Shouldn’t Do When You’re in the US
Are you planning a trip to the US? Culture varies a lot between countries, even countries that share borders. So if you’re headed to the good old U. S. of A, here are a few pointers to make your travels go more smoothly!
For the first time since August, interest rates for a 30-year fixed mortgage have dropped below 7%, hitting 6.95% this week. This brings the monthly mortgage payment for a home priced at $400,000 to $2,118. This is down from a recent high this Autumn of 7.79% and yields monthly savings of $183 and $2,196 annually for the same $400,000 home.
The Fed indicated yesterday that they will hold the Fed Funds Rate steady for now and cut rates three times in 2024. This is all welcome news for potential home buyers and sellers, as mortgage interest rates will decrease. NAR forecasts that mortgage interest rates will average 6.3% in 2024.
While the lock-in effect of higher mortgage rates has stalled the real estate market in 2023, the momentum is moving in the right direction for stronger sales activity in 2024. Will it be a traditional Spring real estate market, or will it start to heat up in the Winter months as rates decline? Let’s also hope the lower mortgage interest rates translate into stronger homebuilder activity, as inventory will be needed as buyers move from the sidelines. For serious buyers, the time is now to get your financial house in order, find a REALTOR® and start your research. Maybe it won’t be a new home for the holidays, but Valentine’s Day is right around the corner.
I want to share a fantastic Q&A from this past week. A reader, “Vince,” wrote in and said:
Hi Jesse. I just reread your best of 2023 post about Compounding. Well, I’m late 50s. No debt. Have stayed the course, and am retiring with 4.2m dollars and 5.5m net worth. I’m the poster child for DCA, yearly rebalancing and living below your means but enjoying life. My wife and I know we’re very fortunate.
Here’s the irony. Bernstein said ‘when you win the game, stop playing ‘ To me, that means going to a 55/45 (or even a 50/50) portfolio in perpetuity because a 3% withdrawal rate is likely all we need to keep us happy. Yet, I’m giving up some return that comes with 60/40.
Thoughts? I can afford to be more aggressive, maybe much more so, but is it worth it? Or should I just chill, rebalance annually or every 18 months, and watch the portfolio grow but a bit more slowly.
Thanks!
Vince is in an awesome situation. To add some context to his message:
I wrote back to Vince and said:
Hey Vince. Thanks for reading and for writing in. It’s fun to chat with folks like you.
First off…wow. You find yourself in a terrific position! I love those details…dca, rebalance, live below your means. Do you mind if I ask…looking back, what was your rough average career household salary? And where did that salary max out? I’m just curious.
[And now I’m coming back up here after having written the entire email…this would be a wonderful blog post Q&A, with your permission. Happy to anonymize you entirely. Let me know your thoughts?]
Yes – great Bernstein quote. I have a thought experiment that might put you at ease…
Take your current household spending needs…let’s say, $150,000 per year.
Social Security will cover some…let’s say $50,000 per year (assuming you’re US? your country might have a different social safety net)
Therefore, your portfolio needs to cover $100,000 every year.
And I’m going to assume (?) the $4.2M you mention is fully investable.
If you went 50/50 in your portfolio – roughly $2.1M in stocks, $2.1M in bonds – you’d have 21 years of annual spending in bonds. Ideally, high-grade Treasury bonds. In theory, you have 21 years of buffer before you “need” to tap into your stocks.
Do we have faith that your stocks will outpace bonds over a 21-year period? That’s now the critical question. Based on the stuff I talk about on The Best Interest, my answer is: yes, 21 years is a sufficient period for stocks to do their thing.
Next question: can/should we pull that period closer to the present? 15 years? 10 years?
60/40 –> $2.5M stocks, $1.7M bonds –> 17 years
70/30 –> $2.95M stocks, $1.25M bonds –> 12.5 years
I think you can feel good about 60/40. 17 years of bonds is a great buffer.
But should you? You’re right that, technically speaking, you’re adding more risk to your portfolio. And for what reason? To die with a larger pile of money?
It all comes back to Bernstein’s quote: what game are you playing, Vince? Have you “won?” If not, that’s fine. But ask yourself: when will that answer change? What is “winning” to you?
For example, if you have big goals for your “Excess Money,” that’s a different story. Do you want to donate $1M to the dog shelter when you die? In that case, we should separate that portion of your money from the rest of your money, and invest it differently.
But if you’re main/most important goal is, “Live comfortably forever,” and the 55/45 gets you there…great! You’ve done it.
…now I’m curious, how much return are you actually giving up in the long run by shifting down from 60/40 to 55/45?
Assume 7% annualized inflation-adjusted returns for stocks and 2% inflation-adjusted for bonds
60/40 –> 5.00% per year, or 165% inflation-adjusted growth over 20 years.
55/45 –> 4.75% per year, or 153% inflation-adjusted growth over 20 years.
Definitely a difference. But not a huge one, IMO, especially when you (specifically you) won’t define success or failure based on that ~0.25% per year annualized difference.
Alright – that’s a lot. But I hope it helps.
If Vince’s portfolio is $4.2M and his annual needs are $100,000, he’ll be entering retirement following (essentially) a “2.38% Rule.” That’s way more conservative than the classic 4% Rule.
He doesn’t need to expose himself to undo risk. 60% stocks, 55% stocks, 50% stocks…Vince will be successful in any of these portfolios. Since he has “won the game” of career financial success, he can “stop playing the game” by taking some of his chips off the table a.k.a. reducing his exposure to risk assets (stocks).
Stocks outperform bonds over long periods of time, and Vince will be able to leave his stocks untouched for decades (if he wants to).
Now, Vince did get back to me and shared some of his personal story. I want to share some of those details with you.
On his salary and investing: “I started at 35k in 1994 and ended at about 560k this year. One outlier year was about 600k. I’d bet my average was around 200k but there were so many big jumps it’s really hard to say. (I never moved jobs for a bigger salary. In fact sometimes I took less to be happier. Eventually , the money came). Also, I got married and we both worked so I’d guess 275k average over 30 years, but this may be off. As I mentioned, dca, rebalance, live below our means. Also, 95% indexing with 4 funds and occasionally buying a stock or two and holding it.
Vince’s top-end salary ($500 – $600K) is top 1% territory. His average salary ($275K) is top ~4%. Vince earned great money. But his starting salary is relatively low. Salary growth was essential for Vince’s success. The lesson: you can – and should – look for ways to increase your income over your career. It might take decades. But it makes a huge difference.
And Vince’s investing technique is…boring! Index funds, dollar-cost averaging, buy-and-hold, annual rebalance. Sound familiar?! The boring stuff, while BORING, really does work.
I’m not pulling your leg here with my articles and podcasts about boring, long-term investing. I’m serious. It works. Just look at Vince. Moving on…
On his lifestyle: “We drive old cars and jeans and t shirts are our preferred outfits. We researched our area before buying and our house that cost 350k is now worth about 1.2m. Actually, not the best 25-year return, but we’re very happy here.We want to keep living simply but comfortably. We’ve put 2 kids through college and have no debt. We love traveling but can do it rather inexpensively. In fact, we just spent a month in Portugal for a small amount. So 55/45 it is. THANK YOU!!!!!
(FYI, the housing return Vince mentioned is about 5.5% nominal / 2.7% real annual return. )
The important takeaway is Vince’s choice to drive cheaper cars and wear cheaper clothes than he otherwise could. By my math, you could buy a Corvette on a $500,000 salary. You could fly first class. You could eat caviar. But Vince is an example that wealth is what you don’t see.
“Wealth is created by a slow, steady drip of investment deposits, just like decades of waves carving a shoreline rock. Wealth is compound interest that grows slowly at first, then rapidly in the end. Wealth is what you choose not to spend money on. Wealth is quiet.”
It sounds like Vince still doing what he loves. He’s cutting costs where he can (or where he simply doesn’t care), but then spending where he wants to. That’s bimodal spending. Vince is enjoying the journey.
Vince is a success story. He’s won the game. And now, like a smart investor, he’s opting to “stop playing” by taking some of his investment risk off the table.
Thanks, Vince, for sharing your example with us.
Thank you for reading! If you enjoyed this article, join 7500+ subscribers who read my 2-minute weekly email, where I send you links to the smartest financial content I find online every week.
-Jesse
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The bad news is the holiday season is just about over. The even worse news is that it comes with a whole lot of cleanup and decoration organization. But don’t worry, there’s some good news here, too. Right now, QVC is having a sale on a variety of storage solutions for ornaments, artificial trees, wrapping paper, and more for up to 62 percent off.
QVC’s storage deals include items for all of your holiday essentials to help you clean up faster, stay organized, and keep everything in one space-saving place. Look for collapsible wreath boxes and ornament storage in 64-piece or 72-piece options. You can also find artificial tree bags starting at $28, plus multi-purpose containers to hold lights, gift bags, and other items you won’t need until next year.
Home Reflections 7.5-Foot and Under Tree Storage Bag With Wheels, $50 (was $83)
Periea 64-Piece Collapsible Ornament Storage Box
When it’s not in use, this ornament storage box is completely collapsible, and when it is, it keeps everything tidy thanks to its sturdy design with inserted metal rods and four divided trays to hold ornaments. You can safely transport it to its permanent spot during the year using the carry handles, and if you need a larger size, grab the 72-piece version that’s also on sale. The box is available in six designs, including red berry, gold floral, and green tartan.
Tidy & Co. Three-Piece Multi-Purpose Collapsible Storage Set
Another collapsible storage set is this one from Tidy & Co. that comes with three pieces—two small and one large cube—for storing decorations like ornaments, figurines, holiday trains, candles, lights, and more. Each box has a clear window pane to easily identify what’s inside, and they can be used with or without the inserts. One shopper said the “boxes were very sturdy, and if packed right, hold lots of items.” Another reviewer has found other uses for them, including their “yarn, sewing” and “cords from [their] TVs.”
Santa’s Bags Wrapping Paper Storage Tube
If you overestimated how many rolls of wrapping paper you would need, keep the excess neat for next year in this storage tube. It has a convenient carrying handle and zip top design so nothing can escape or become unraveled. The bag can hold up to twelve 40-inch wrapping paper rolls, more if yours are half-used. One shopper noted that this is a “really inexpensive way to organize,” and that now, their closet is “no longer” filled with “ripped wrapping paper.” Another reviewer shared that it “takes up very little space.”
Whether you need to pack up your tree lights, ornaments, or holiday garland, this one-size-fits-a lot storage box is a must, and it’s 62 percent off and just $15. The durable bag is made of water-resistant material and measures 41 inches, so it can even fit your longest unused rolls of wrapping paper. Plus, when it’s not in use, you can fold it up so it takes up almost no space.
Home Reflections 7.5-Foot and Under Tree Storage Bag With Wheels
When it’s sadly time to take down the artificial tree and pack it up for next year, grab Home Reflections’ wheeled storage bag that’s 39 percent off. The mesh window provides airflow while the straps keep the tree secure and in place. The bag has wheels to make transporting it up or down stairs as smooth as possible, and it can fit trees that are 7.5 feet tall or smaller.
While few enjoy the cleanup and organization that comes with the end of the holiday season, QVC’s sale on Christmas storage bags and boxes makes the process a little easier—and less costly. Find even more items below.
Multiple headwinds kept buyers and sellers on the sidelines of the housing market this year.
But that could change as interest rates fall and builders keep adding inventory.
These are Wall Street’s top predictions for where the US housing market is headed in 2024.
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Rising prices and steep borrowing costs in the US housing market kept homebuyers in a year-long limbo, with a national property shortage adding to headwinds in the sector.
While home prices dropped sharply through 2022, they rallied for nine-straight months beginning in January, recently hitting fresh all-time highs. Meanwhile, as the Federal Reserve raised borrowing costs, mortgage rates jumped to levels not seen sine the mid-2000s.
Finally though, conditions appear poised to shift, especially given mounting bets that the Fed will loosen monetary policy in 2024.
From supply to price growth, here are top experts’ outlooks for 2024 housing market.
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Realtor.com: A “bit of a break”
As the Fed turns dovish, the 30-year fixed mortgage rate will average 6.8% next year, Realtor.com predicted in early December. In the last week of the month, the rate slid to 6.61%.
This could have the effect of slowing demand as homebuyers feel less pressure to race against higher borrowing costs. The listing agency expects prices to dip by 1.7%, having risen 3% in 2023.
“It will be a bit of a break after what have been pretty relentless home price increases,” Chief Economist Danielle Hale said, adding: “Some of the pressure and sense of urgency will start to let up.”
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However, the volume of existing homes for sale will tumble 14%, as the mortgage rates at the level the firm predicts will still be more expensive than what 85% of current borrowers are paying.
Goldman Sachs: Inventory picks up
Goldman Sachs estimates existing sales will only dip slightly in 2024, before rebounding to 4.24 million the year after. Meanwhile, new home sales will climb from this year’s 680,000 to 723,000 in 2024.
That’s as housing starts will inch higher, climbing from 1.39 million to 1.335 million in 2024. New home construction has substantially increased this year, as homebuilders jumped on the lack of housing.
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The bank expects muted price growth next year.
Redfin: Prices will fall 1%
The 30-year mortgage rate will average 6.6% by the end of 2024, leading to a 1% drop in home prices, the real estate firm expects.
“Home prices will still be out of reach for many Americans, but any break in the affordability crisis is a welcome development nonetheless,” Chief Economist Daryl Fairweather said.
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Meanwhile, home sales will jump 5%, reaching 4.3 million. Still, Redfin says high costs will push rent demand higher, while there could be an uptick in priced-out Americans moving in with their parents.
Zillow: Prices will flatten
Buyers shouldn’t expect home prices to fall much, but the rate of growth will level off and allow Americans’ incomes to catch up, the real estate platform predicted in a late-November note.
Mortgage rates will probably hold at current levels in the coming months, as the persistent slowdown in inflation makes an uptick in rates unlikely.
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“Taken together, the cost of buying a home looks to be on track to level off next year, with the possibility of costs falling if mortgage rates do,” Zillow researchers said.
Fannie Mae: Price growth will lose steam
Mortgage rates will average 6.7% in 2024, not far off levels seen this summer, the government-sponsored mortgage finance agency predicted.
Total home sales will jump to 4.8 million, fueled by a gradual recovery in existing home sales, Fannie Mae said. A modest economic downturn will cause a shallow decline in new home sales, though the contraction won’t diminish construction volumes in the long run.
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The agency expects prices to continue appreciating, albeit at a slower pace. Citing an October survey, it forecasts 2.4% price growth next year.
Air travel can be stressful enough without having to wade through throngs of people, pay for an overpriced hamburger or search for a seat. This is especially true if you’re flying through Las Vegas, where slot machines dominate much of the terminals.
But Harry Reid International Airport is not all gambling and pricey snacks. There are airport lounges scattered throughout the terminals, and each features complimentary food and drinks, an abundance of chargers and ample seating.
About Las Vegas lounges
Airport lounges can be a useful way to relieve some of the stress from traveling. Although they can be crowded (and may even require waitlists at times), they tend to be better staffed than the standard airport terminal.
Beyond this, they also feature extra amenities like complimentary food and sometimes even showers.
American Express Centurion Lounge
American Express is at the forefront of the luxury airport lounge experience and the brand’s Centurion Lounge in Las Vegas is no exception. Located in the D Concourse opposite gate D1, the American Express Centurion Lounge is open daily from 5 a.m. to 11 p.m.
Those who are traveling in other terminals are able to access the lounge via the tram system, which is located after security.
Only cardholders and authorized users are granted complimentary access to the Centurion Lounge. Cardholders can opt to pay a $50 ($30 for those aged 2-17) fee per guest for entry. Otherwise, those who spend more than $75,000 in a calendar year on an eligible card are able to bring in up to two guests free of charge.
The Club LAS
There are two The Club LAS lounges at Las Vegas airport. One is located in Terminal 3 and is open from 5 a.m. to 12 a.m. daily.
The other is located in the D Concourse and is open from 5 a.m. to 11:30 p.m. each day.
Both of these lounges are accessible to those who have a Priority Pass Select membership. Priority Pass Select memberships are offered by many different premium travel credit cards and confer unlimited complimentary access to eligible lounges.
United Club Lounge
If you hold an eligible United credit card or otherwise have a United Club membership, you can make your way to the Las Vegas United Club Lounge. Star Alliance Gold members on eligible flights also have access to the lounge.
One-time passes can be purchased by those with a boarding pass for same-day travel on a Star Alliance, United or partner flight. It costs $59 per person and can be bought in person or through United’s mobile app.
Open from 4:30 a.m. to 12:30 a.m. daily, the lounge is located in Concourse D between gates D33 and D35.
USO Lounge
The two USO Lounges in Las Vegas are available exclusively to active duty members of the military and their families. The first is located in Terminal 1 just outside the security checkpoint for A and B gates. It’s open from 4 a.m. to 8 p.m. daily.
The second USO lounge is located in Terminal 3 in the baggage claim area, next to carousel 20. It’s open from 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. each day.
Lounges coming soon
Chase Sapphire Lounge
Chase has two airport lounges currently open, one in Boston (BOS) and one in Hong Kong (HKG). It has also announced a future lounge in Las Vegas at C gates, though there is no opening date specified.
Capital One Lounge
Capital One also has two lounges that are currently open — one in Dallas-Fort Worth (DFW) and the other in Washington D.C. (IAD). Along with one in Denver (DEN), Capital One is planning on launching a lounge in Las Vegas.
If you want to use the lounges in the Las Vegas airport
The fun doesn’t have to end when you leave Las Vegas.
If you’re flying through the airport, take advantage of the Las Vegas lounges on offer before takeoff. Along with free food and drinks, you’ll be able to enjoy a variety of amenities.
Before you go, be sure you have a credit card or membership that grants you airport lounge access. While it’s possible to pay for a day pass for certain lounges, many premium cards offer complimentary lounge access as a perk to cardholders.
How to maximize your rewards
You want a travel credit card that prioritizes what’s important to you. Here are our picks for the best travel credit cards of 2023, including those best for:
The 2023 housing market faced one of the same roadblocks we saw in 2022: mortgage rates were too high for home sales growth. Now that we’re in 2024, the Federal Reserve‘s rate hike cycle is over, so let’s look at what that means for housing demand and home prices. However, a yearly forecast has limitations and in this crazy housing and economic cycle, if people give you a yearly forecast without guidance as variables change, you’ll be dealing with stale data. Every Saturday I publish a weekly housing market tracker with forward-looking data and insights so you can adjust quickly to market conditions.
Here’s my forecast for 2024:
10-year yield and mortgage rates
For 2024, the 10-year yield range will be similar to 2023, but with a few different variables to watch.
10-year yield range: 4.25%-3.21%
Mortgage rates: between 7.25%-5.75%
A key level to watch for the 10-year yield is 3.37%. To go below this level last year, labor would need to break, so I borrowed Gandalf the Grey’s catchphrase: “You shall not pass.” And the 10-year yield did not pass that level in 2023!
However, if the labor or economic data gets weaker, we can break through that Gandalf line, which means 2.72% on the 10-year yield is in play for 2024. This could mean sub-5% mortgage rates if the spreads get better — a win for the housing market.. If the spreads are still bad, mortgage rates will be between 5%-6%. If the 10-year yield gets above 4.25%, the U.S. economy has outperformed again, as it did in Q3 when it grew at 5% and jobless claims fell.
Here is a chart of the 10-year yield with the inflation growth rate data tied to it for 2023:
Now let’s talk about mortgage rates!
The spread between the 10-year yield and mortgage rates can get better in 2024, which means mortgage rates could be 0.625% to 1% lower next year. For example, mortgage rates would be under 6% today if the spreads were normal. Instead, they closed 2023 at 6.67%. If the spreads get anywhere back to normal and the 10-year yield gets to the lower end of the range in 2024, we can have sub-5 % mortgage rates in 2024.
With the Fed no longer in hiking mode, any economic weakness on the labor side is a better backdrop to send mortgage rates lower. Unlike 2023, this year there are more positive variables that could send mortgage rates lower rather than higher.
Home prices
If everything stays constant, 2024 home-price growth levels will repeat what happened in 2023: low single-digit national home-price gains.
What could make home prices grow faster than low single digits? If I am wrong and mortgage rates go lower for longer and we don’t get more new listings in 2024, then home prices can grow faster in 2024 because we will have the same issue as before: too many people chasing too few homes.
What could make home prices decline? This would happen if we saw a surge of stressed inventory and mortgage rates didn’t go low enough to handle that much new supply into the market. We had mortgage rates in a solid range between 3.75% and 4.75% for most of the previous decade, but that hasn’t been the case recently. So, this is something to consider only if we see an increase in stressed inventory.
To give an example of what I am talking about, from 2008 to 2011, new listings data ran between 250,000 and 400,000 each week, with the peak seasonal data at 370,000 and 400,000. We haven’t had new listings data break over 90,000 in the peak seasons of 2021, 2022 or 2023. So if we do see a push in stressed new listings we have to be on it right away and see how the supply and demand equilibrium works.
However, we won’t have this conversation until we see it in the weekly data. In this episode of the HousingWire Daily podcast I explain how fast the housing dynamics shifted after Nov. 9, 2022, with prices returning to all-time highs in months. This is why weekly data is important!
Existing home sales
When we saw mortgage rates fall from 7.375% to 5.99% early in 2023, we got one of the most significant existing home sales prints ever, going from 4 million to 4.55 million. We need lower rates to get more consistent sales growth and to have one or two monthly existing home sales prints of 4.72 million or more, it’s going to take sub-6% mortgage rates with duration.
We will track the purchase application data weekly, however, I am only focused on that 4.72 million monthly print number for 2024 because the lack of affordability with rates still this high is impacting sales.
New home sales
As long as mortgage rates go lower, the builders can sell homes because they can lower mortgage rates even more than the existing home sales market and they have a pipeline of homes to sell. They have 106,000 homes that they haven’t even started construction on yet, and only 78,000 new homes have been completed and are ready to sell. They will manage their supply slowly.
Economic outlook
Looking at the economic cycle and the housing economy, we have a similar playbook going into 2024 as we did in 2023. Let’s look at that dynamic.
I raised the final flag in my six recession red flag model on Aug. 5, 2022. However, by Nov. 9, 2022, I saw that housing market dynamics had shifted and if I was right, the builders were about to get more positive about their business. Sure enough, the builders confidence survey started to grow again going into 2023.
As mortgage rates started rising toward 8%, the builders survey started to go lower, mostly due to smaller builders feeling the pinch. Now that rates have fallen again, this is a positive for the single-family housing market. The new home sales market means more to the economy because of construction jobs and big-ticket item purchases. In contrast, the existing home sales market is more about the transfer of commission and moving trucks.
People correctly keep an eye on the builder’s survey. However, the builder survey and new home sales rebounded to growth in 2023, and now, with rates almost down 1.5% for 2024, lower rates will help the builder survey again.
This is only for the single-family housing market, not the apartment market, which is heading into a decline in activity. This is something to watch on labor, as certain builders will not need as many people to build apartments. When rates stay too high for too long, you eventually impact future production.
We will only start talking about a recession when jobless claims break over 323,000 on the four-week moving average. We won’t talk about a recession today, or next year or even this decade until that happens. The history of economics has shown us that we need the labor market to break to have a job-loss recession. If you followed my work during COVID-19, you know my critical two takes about the labor market and how household balance sheets are much better now than ever. When jobless claims break that critical level, we will have a good discussion about the economy and the housing market, just not yet.
If the economy doesn’t have a credit event where lending gets tighter, the consumer should hold up in 2024, especially with lower mortgage rates. This means the homebuilders can sell more homes and keep construction workers employed longer. Falling construction employment is a staple of all job-loss recessions, and we have avoided that so far.
For 2024, I want to stress that the economic data can turn on a dime — both positive and negative — in ways that weren’t the case in the previous decade. Following the weekly tracker will be essential for the housing market and the economy. I track this stuff daily so you don’t have to!
The existing home sales market has spent the last 18 months with sales near great recession levels. Now it’s time for the Fed to give up on its covid-era housing economic policy and be pro-housing once again. It’s time to get U.S. housing off the COVID-19 policy and get sales growing.
Whether you’re a frequent Alaska Airlines flyer or a novice traveler, something could go wrong on or before your trip. You might need to call the carrier sooner or later to request a refund, report a baggage issue or book group travel.
Here are all the ways to contact Alaska Airlines customer service.
How do I reach Alaska Airlines customer service?
To reach Alaska Airlines support, you can start on the help center page and find answers to the questions you might have regarding:
Alaska credit cards.
Lounge access.
Mileage Plan account.
Pet travel.
Reservations.
You can also find multiple ways of contacting Alaska Airlines, including international contact numbers.
How to call Alaska Airlines customer service
Alaska Airlines phone numbers vary, depending on which department you’re trying to reach. For reservations or pre-flight questions, call the Alaska Airlines number 1-800-ALASKAAIR (1-800-252-7522). The line is open 24/7. For customers with a hearing or speech disability, dial 711 for relay services.
If you want to make reservations for groups of 10 or more passengers, dial 1-800-445-4435. Group travel reservation hours are 6 a.m. to 6 p.m. Pacific Time Monday through Friday and 7:30 a.m. to 6 p.m. Saturday.
For post-flight questions or complaints, dial 1-800-654-5669. Call center hours are 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. Pacific Time Monday through Friday and 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Saturday.
Can you chat with Alaska Airlines?
Yes, Alaska Airlines has a chat feature. To begin an online conversation with a customer service representative, start on the contact page and click “Start chat.”
If you prefer texting, you can text 82008 and contact Alaska through SMS. However, if you need to provide a credit card payment, Alaska suggests you call instead of online chatting or texting.
Who do I contact about my Alaska Airlines Mileage Plan account?
For questions regarding your Mileage Plan account, call 1-800-654-5669. The line is open from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. Monday through Friday and from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Saturday.
To email the Mileage Plan guest care team, use the online form. Please allow five to seven business days for a response.
To request mileage credit for air travel on Alaska or partner airlines, car rentals or hotel stays, visit this page.
Does Alaska give refunds for canceled flights?
You can cancel all Alaska tickets within 24 hours of booking with no penalty and be refunded to the original method of payment as long as travel begins more than 24 hours after making a reservation.
If you’re outside the 24-hour cancellation window, a ticket affected by a schedule change of at least one hour is also eligible for a refund.
To request a refund, call the reservations line at 1-800-252-7522. It should take at most seven business days to receive the money back to your credit card. If it’s been longer than that, you can check the status of your refund by emailing [email protected] or calling 1-206-392-7722.
The line is open from 9 a.m. to 12 p.m. and from 1 p.m. to 4:30 p.m. Pacific Time on weekdays.
Make sure you purchase your ticket at alaskaair.com, the Alaska Airlines reservations phone line or at an Alaska ticket counter, or you won’t be eligible for a refund.
How to report baggage issues on Alaska Airlines
If your luggage is damaged or missing, report the issue to the baggage service office at the airport in person within 24 hours of the incident. Otherwise, Alaska can’t offer any compensation.
Most bags are located within 48 hours, but if yours is still missing after five days, call the central baggage service office at 1-877-815-8253. The hours are 6 a.m. to 10 p.m. Pacific Time. You also can fill out and submit an online post-flight baggage claim.
Where do I offer feedback or send a complaint to Alaska Airlines?
No airline is perfect, and if you’d like to file a complaint or, on the contrary, share a positive experience, you can fill out one of the forms on Alaska’s feedback page. You can answer some questions about a recent flight, provide general feedback, fill out an accessibility form or provide feedback regarding the Mileage Plan program.
The bottom line
Alaska Airlines passengers have multiple ways of contacting the carrier, including a phone, online chat, email and texting.
If you’re calling, make sure to dial the correct number to avoid waiting on hold on the wrong line. Additionally, try to remember where to find the different forms and emails to ensure you reach the correct department to handle your issue as quickly as possible.
How to maximize your rewards
You want a travel credit card that prioritizes what’s important to you. Here are our picks for the best travel credit cards of 2023, including those best for: