Travel has always been a priority for me. I love seeing new places, experiencing new cultures, and just getting away from the routines of my daily life. Even more important, my family and close friends are a pretty far-flung crowd. I have loved ones spread from Boston to Buenos Aires. We buy a lot of plane tickets in my family. We buy so many tickets that I should have become savvy about how we buy them much earlier than I did.
For years, I’ve mainly just flown with JetBlue. I use Farecast to see if there’s a better deal available elsewhere. If there’s not a significantly cheaper ticket on that site, I buy my ticket through JetBlue. They generally have low fares and a good frequent-flyer program. This is a pretty simplistic approach. Since I’d never researched it carefully, I didn’t know if I was really getting the best deals on my travel.
Now, my best friend is moving to San Francisco. (Yes, between losing my cat and my health problems and my friend’s move, it’s been a doozy of a month). I’m suddenly looking at traveling a lot more than I already do! Figuring out how to squeeze a few trips a year to the West Coast into my budget is a challenge. Before I overhaul my other spending areas, I wanted to find out if I could get more travel for the same amount I’m already spending. Maybe I can make my existing travel budget take me further — literally.
Maybe. As far as I can tell, there are two essential components to getting the best possible deals on air travel:
Finding the lowest fares, and
Using rewards travel programs
Both are complex tasks, fraught with potential pitfalls.
Finding Low Fares Finding the cheapest tickets is a clear starting place. Airlines compete with each other primarily on fares. Who would want to pay more for the same service? Of course you’ll buy the lowest fare you can find, all else being equal. Unfortunately, the golden age of finding cheap fares easily online is coming to an end. The New York Times recently published a fascinating story about how airlines are pulling their fare listings from sites like Orbitz and Expedia. Some carriers, like JetBlue, are using new media like Twitter to advertise their best fares, which they sell only through their own websites.
To find the best fares, the New York Times recommends starting with ITA software, a small company that provides the technological background for a number of popular travel sites. You can cover your bases to find deals they may have missed by also checking out meta-sites like Kayak.com and FareCompare.com. Another site the New York Times says is worth checking out is AirfareWatchdog.com, where real people collect information about cheap fares, sometimes catching special deals the bigger, automated sites have missed.
If you care about features other than price, you may want to pay a visit to Hipmunk.com, which uses an “agony index” to help you find the best value on a flight, taking into account not only price but duration and number of stops.
Using Rewards Travel Programs Once you’ve found your airfares, there’s the question of how you’ll pay for them. Will you just reach into your wallet for cold hard cash, or try to deploy one of the many “travel rewards” programs out there. I’ve always done the former, and am now starting to explore the latter.
Travel rewards programs aren’t exactly as free as they might at first appear. They seem to come in basically two forms:
Frequent-flyer rewards programs run by a particular airline to reward customer loyalty, and
Credit-card rewards programs that let you earn miles to be used on any airline.
I mentioned that I’ve used JetBlue’s frequent flyer program. They recently changed it to a points system not unlike the credit card travel rewards program.
In essence, rewards programs award you points for miles traveled or dollars spent. Once you’ve accumulated a certain number of points, you earn either a free flight or a voucher towards a ticket on the airline of your choosing. Most credit card rewards programs are designed with a $1 = 1 point system. In general, travel-related expenses like airfares, hotel stays, car rentals and restaurants earn double points. You can also find even better deals if you hunt around. My bank has a rewards program that will give my husband three points for every dollar he spends with his bank credit card, as a reward for also having a checking account with the same bank.
He’ll need those extra points if he wants to earn a travel reward, because the threshold for getting a $200 airfare voucher is 41,000 points. Even at the triple points rate, we’d have to spend $15,000 to earn one one-way ticket from Boston to San Francisco. JetBlue’s deal with American Express is a little better, offering up to 8 points per dollar spent if I buy my tickets through Jet Blue. Even so, I’d have to spend well over $10,000 to earn a free flight cross country.
At first those numbers seemed prohibitively high. Then I looked at how much my household spends each month on living expenses. If I funneled all that money through one of these rewards credit cards, I’d get two or three reward tickets a year. That’s not as good a return on my “investment” as I was hoping, but doing it through my bank’s program doesn’t cost me a thing. I spend that money anyway; I may as well get the travel coupons!
Getting a rewards credit card is a more complicated proposition. The interest rates are higher than I’m used to: in the mid-teens even for someone with excellent credit. They carry an annual fee of around $40-$50 as well. If I’m going to use a rewards credit card, I need it to really pay for itself.
To make things even more complicated, there’s now a website, Points.com, that lets consumers exchange points from frequent flyer and consumer rewards programs. You can log in for free and swap your JetBlue travel points with points in American Airlines frequent-flyer program or a few other airlines. That expands your options when searching for the lowest fares: you’re less likely to have to choose between taking the very lowest fare and paying a little more for an airline you’re building frequent flyer credit with.
Getting Started with Travel Hacking I plan to route most of my household expenses through my bank’s existing rewards program, taking advantage of that three-points-per-dollar rate. I decided to try JetBlue’s rewards AmEx deal for my travel purchases because I usually fly with them, and the way they couple the rewards program with their frequent-flyer program makes it likely I’ll get a benefit from it. If I don’t, I’ll cancel the card next year.
The effort I put in to maxing out my travel dollars might bring huge rewards. Hopefully in the form of plane tickets to San Francisco to see my friend and her family. But it will clearly cost me some substantial time and brain power. I’m going to try it for a year, and see if it pays off. My hunch right now is that just traveling on JetBlue and using their rewards program may well be nearly as cost effective, with far fewer hassles.
Tip: For more about cheap travel, check out the brand-new Travel Hacking Cartel, which is designed to help novices learn how to make the most of frequent-flyer miles.
Who’s the best villain you’ve watched in a movie or television series? After polling the internet, these are the top-ranked twenty-five villains of all time.
1. Ian McShane as Al Swearengen in Deadwood
One person suggested, “Al Swearengen from Deadwood, played by Ian McShane. It’s the story of a villain defending his village. He’s so good that the entire series pivoted to being about him.” “He’s a bad guy you’d want on your side, that’s for sure. My favorite TV character,” a second confessed.
2. Tony Dalton as Lalo Salamanca in Better Call Saul
“Lalo Salamanca in Better Call Saul. When he jumped down that cliff, I knew he was a maniac,” claimed one. A second said, “He was so well-written and a charming devil.”
3. Marc Alaimo as Gul Dukat in Star Trek: Deep Space Nine
One user noted, “Gul Dukat in Star Trek: Deep Space Nine. He goes from evil Hitler type to loving father on the run from his government to crazy possessed madman in a single series.”
4. Darth Vader in The Star Wars Franchise
“Darth Vader” shared one. A second admitted, “I’m shocked I needed to scroll so far for this. He was only in the original StarWars for nine minutes and made a global impact.” A third agreed, “I’m astonished this isn’t the top comment. He’s one of the best-written villains, let alone a cultural icon.”
5. Hannibal Lector
“Hannibal Lector. Anthony Hopkins from the film franchise and Mads Mikkelsen from the series both did a fantastic job,” suggested one. “This was instantly my first thought. So unbelievably scary but equal parts intriguing, and the intelligence and likability of his character were so interesting,” a second added.
6. Andrew Scott as Moriarty In Sherlock Holmes
Someone shared, “Andrew Scott as Moriarty In Sherlock Holmes. I kept thinking, ‘I don’t like this actor,’ and then I saw him in other roles. Finally, it hits me that it’s not that I don’t like this guy. His specific acting as Moriarty is so good he is subconsciously bothering me in a way that no one had managed to do before!”
7. Walton Goggin as Boyd Crowder in Justified
“Boyd Crowder (played by Walton Goggins) in Justified,” shared one. “He’s not particularly strong in season one, but by season two, you want him to keep getting away to have more. That he’s Raylan’s frenemy and not just a generic evil guy was such a nice touch.”
8. Gary Oldman as Lord Shen in Kung Fu Panda 2
One person volunteered, “Lord Shen in Kung Fu Panda 2.” Another admitted, “I love the way they create characters in these movies. A literal bird was the villain; A BIRD.”
“He was somehow more terrifying and threatening than any other villain in the trilogy. Birds like him aren’t supposed to be so powerful, yet Dreamworks convinced me otherwise.” Finally, a third added, “That’s also the power of Gary Oldman.”
9. Vincent D’onofrio as Wilson Fisk/Kingpin in Daredevil and Hawkeye
“Vincent D’onofrio as Wilson Fisk/Kingpin in Daredevil and the Hawkeye Marvel series on Disney+,” shared one. Others noted he was also a fabulous villain in The Cell, Full Metal Jacket, and Men in Black.
10. Grey DeLisle as Azula in Avatar: The Last Airbender Series
“AGREED. I was searching for that comment. The way she NEVER looked into a mirror until the episode she went crazy and all those other tiny little details… She was, is, and always will be the best villain in cinematic history,” expressed one.
11. Eartha Kitt as Yzma in The Emperor’s New Groove
“Eartha Kitt as Yzma in The Emperor’s New Groove is a remarkable and underrated Disney villain,” suggested one. After several people quoted the film, one stated, “That whole movie is just so quotable. Eartha Kitt killed it as Yzma.”
12. Leonardo DiCaprio as Calvin Candie in Django Unchained
“Leonardo DiCaprio in Django Unchained was on point,” one expressed. However, “Stephen (Samuel L. Jackson) was also pretty great, and if anything, was the real villain in that movie,” a second user argued.
13. Christopher McDonald as Shooter McGavin in Happy Gilmore
One person suggested, “Christopher McDonald as Shooter McGavin in Adam Sandler’s Happy Gilmore is easily one of the best villains of all time.” However, another argued, “I would go further and say the caretaker (Ben Stiller) at the old folks home was worse.”
14. Louise Fletcher as Nurse Ratched in One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest
“Nurse Ratched in One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest just because of how implicitly she tortured the inmates. She was such a good, evil actress, and I instantly hated her as Kai Wynn in Star Trek: Deep Space Nine, too,” one said. Another noted, “She apparently couldn’t watch the film for years because of her performance. Imagine playing a villain so well that it psychs you out.”
15. Javier Bardem as Anton Chigurh in No Country for Old Men
One person volunteered, “Javier Bardem, as Anton Chigurh in No Country for Old Men.” “Chigurh is terrific not only because he’s a terrifying psychopath, but he holds the delusion of being an agent of fate – then the car crash which nearly kills him happens in the end. Chigurh isn’t immune to fate. He’s just insane,” a second added.
16. Imelda Staunton as Dolores Umbridge in Harry Potter
“Dolores Umbridge,” one replied. “The thing with her is that she is such a REAL, COMMON character to everyday life. For example, you’re not going to encounter a Darth Vader or Lalo Salamanca, but chances are that you have already met someone like Umbridge. She is almost the perfect definition of a lawful evil character.”
17. Alan Rickman as Hans Gruber in Die Hard
“Hans Gruber. Alan Rickman portrays him so well,” one noted. “This needs to be higher! Rickman was also an incredible villain like The Sherriff of Nottingham in Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves, but Hans Gruber in Die Hard is the greatest villain of all time,” a second professed.
18. Erik Lehnsherr/Magneto From the X-Men Comics and Films
“Magneto. There are times when you can sympathize with him, and his actions almost seem justified. The most likable villain,” said one. A second added, “How can you go wrong with Ian McKellen and Michael Fassbender? The combination did an outstanding job as Erik Lehnsherr/Magneto, undoubtedly one of the best younger and older acting combinations ever.”
19. Jack Gleeson as Joffrey Baratheon in Game of Thrones
“Joffrey Baratheon in Game of Thrones,” said one. “Let’s all be honest. Jack Gleeson did an outstanding job acting that we all hated him.” A second shared, “Joffrey, please put some respect on this tragically messed up character who made Jack Gleeson take an acting hiatus.”
20. David Tennant as Killgrave in Jessica Jones
One user admitted, “I found Killgrave in Jessica Jones to be a fantastic villain. David Tennant nailed the role! Which is strange after only seeing him play good characters like The Doctor.” A second stated, “Easily one of the best Marvel villains who doesn’t get enough attention.”
21. Giancarlo Esposito as Gus Fring in Breakign Bad
“Gus Fring helped me understand that Walt was genuinely evil. For example, when the villain is more honorable than the protagonist, there may be a problem with the protagonist (morally, not thematically),” one suggested. A second added, “I came here to say this, and more broadly, Giancarlo Esposito. He plays villains who are so nuanced and terrifying.”
22. Ellen McLain as GLaDOS From The Portal Video Game Series
Someone suggested, “Everything GLaDOS says is pure, sarcastic gold. She can pull all of it off so well. “A second confessed, “I’m playing Portal for the first time, and I’ve known how GLaDOS is pretty sarcastic, but I still got pleasantly surprised and just a little hurt by her dialogue. I wasn’t expecting the fat jokes.”
23. Antony Star as Homelander in The Boys
Someone volunteered, “Homelander from The Boys is one of them. Whenever I thought he couldn’t get any worse, he’d do something even more depraved. He is selfish and self-centered and gets away with it because he’s so powerful. Oh, and what makes him the most dangerous is that he’s pretty dumb.”
24. Matthew Goode as Ozymandias in Watchmen
One user quoted Ozymandias from Watchmen, “You don’t think I’d explain my plan if there were the slightest chance you could stop me, do you? I did it 35 minutes ago.” A second added, “This was a brilliant piece of meta-dialogue. They didn’t break the fourth wall entirely, but it was a great way to address what is often such a silly movie trope.”
25. Christoph Waltz as Hans Landa in Inglourious Basterds
“Christoph Waltz in Inglourious Basterds is the first that came to mind,” confessed one. “Hans Landa was terrifying in so many ways. This actor is insanely good,” replied another.
What do you think? Did Reddit get this right, or is your favorite villain missing from this list?
Who is one actress you can never stand watching, no matter their role? After polling the internet, these were the top-voted actresses that people couldn’t stand watching.
10 Actresses People Despise Watching Regardless of Their Role
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We’ve all heard the famous adage that “no publicity is bad publicity,” and while it tends to be accurate, there are certainly exceptions. But what about those few stars who stay out of the limelight and get along without a hint of trouble?
These 7 Celebrities are Genuinely Good People
Have you ever known someone and thought you liked them—until you learned about their hobbies? Then you get to know them and then you’re like, “Wow, red flag.” Well, you’re not alone.
These 10 Activities Are an Immediate Red Flag
Some celebrities definitely seem to enjoy the limelight and keep working to stay in the public eye. While others quickly move out of the spotlight. Many of these actors and actresses stepped out of the spotlight to live a more private life without constant media pressures.
10 Celebrities That Made the Big Times Then Disappeared Off The Face of the Earth
We’ve all been there – sitting through a movie that we can’t help but cringe at, but somehow it still manages to hold a special place in our hearts.
These 10 Terrible Movies Are Still People’s Favorites
What if the amenities at your apartment community went beyond the usual pool, tennis courts and fitness center — way beyond? How involved might you choose to be in an apartment society, a place that encourages shared involvement with fellow residents?
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In California, an apartment community developer is going beyond the basics to give new meaning to “community,” creating programs like theater troupes, adult enrichment courses and after-school care for residents. And in Denver, some lucky sports fans can look forward to cheering for baseball… from their own rooftop!
Programs that have paid off According to John Huskey of Los Angeles-based Meta Housing Corporation, apartment communities can do more to support families who live there. In building his most recent family-oriented apartment communities, Huskey discovered that there was a real need for on-site programs — and specially-designed spaces — where children could gather after school and continue to learn. That’s why his company has created after-school learning and mentoring programs which are available to residents living in the apartment community at no extra cost.
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The benefits to the children who participate have proved to be substantial. The after-school programs kept kids at home, actively engaged in study — instead of involved in risky behavior. And the learning opportunities increased their confidence at school. These programs have been so successful that Meta Housing Corp. has begun building dedicated, school-like structures in more of their apartment communities to accommodate the programs.
Sharing the arts at home The same is true in Meta Housing Corp.’s senior communities, where education and art programs have been wildly successful. The company first began offering adult enrichment classes to seniors in great-room spaces, noting that the most popular courses involved creativity and the arts. They also noticed that, while the great-room environment was attractive to some residents, most found it too impersonal for social activity. In later generations of their senior communities, they have developed smaller, more intimate spaces for residents to gather to take classes and get to know each other. These new spaces foster a tighter-knit sense of community.
Seniors have enjoyed the enrichment and social aspects of arts classes so much that Huskey’s company went as far as building a 78-seat theater in one apartment community dedicated to a permanent theater troupe. When the theater troupe isn’t giving professional performances on-site, residents are allowed free access to use the theater building, as well.
Take me out to the ballgame… next door! Another approach to creating community at home is featured at Broadstone Blake Street in Denver, Colorado. Alliance Residential is building a modern apartment community right next to Coors Field downtown. (Residents will be able to see the field from the rooftop of the community.) The residence-in-development is thought to appeal to young people — perhaps especially men — who want to live in a walkable area with easy commutes for working and access to downtown excitement, like ball games. Sharing that excitement with apartment neighbors — and built-in proximity — will make living in this community THE place to be a sports fan in Denver.
Toward apartment societies The success of Meta Housing Corp.’s children and senior programs might indicate that apartment communities are evolving. With an emphasis on enriching resident lives beyond basic shelter, these spaces — based on what residents want and need — might become known as apartment societies in the future.
What else might the future hold? Amenities including on-site senior services like medical care and support groups, or family-oriented services like childcare or even home schooling could be possibilities. As apartment living continues to change shape and mature, multifamily community developers around the country will be looking to Huskey’s success to gain insight on new ways to meet the needs of their residents. In the meantime, you can look for ways to create community in your own apartment life today.
10 Cool Apartment Amenities You’re Missing Out On
Photo credit: Shutterstock / Monkey Business Images
Ever forget your wallet when making a grocery store run? Or maybe you need to pay your friend back for those T-Swift concert tickets, but sending them cash is a hassle.
Payment apps take care of these problems by storing your payment cards and allowing you to quickly spend and send money without going to an ATM.
There are dozens of payment apps to choose from, so we’ve found the top 10 apps that offer low fees and flexibility for your payment needs.
What’s Ahead:
Overview: 10 best payment apps
Best for Google users: Google Pay
Best for Apple users: Apple Pay
Best for Samsung users: Samsung Pay
Best for low-fee transactions: PayPal
Best for sending money to other countries: Xoom
Best for sending small amounts of money: Venmo
Best for sending small amounts internationally: Western Union
Best for easy account setup: Cash App
Best for credit union members: Zelle
Best for Facebook and Instagram lovers: Meta Pay
Google Pay: Best for Google users
Compatible with: Android and iOS
Payment limits: You can send up to $5,000 in one transaction (or $500 if not verified). There is a $2,000 purchase limit, and $2,500 daily purchase maximum.
Cost to send money: No fees, but doesn’t allow you to use a credit card to send money to friends and family.
Google Pay is a simple-to-use app for Android and iOS users that offers quick payment options at checkout, both in stores and online. Google Pay is accepted at most digital checkout locations in grocery stores and other retail locations, making it an easy way to pay without pulling out your wallet.
Google pay can store your payment cards, such as debit and credit cards, and allows purchases via ACH or attached card without additional fees. Google Pay also allows you to send money to family and friends for free, though withdrawing funds to an attached debit card comes with a 1.5% fee (or $0.31, whichever is greater).
Google Pay is available for free to download and it directly integrates with your Google account. This means you can sync your Google Pay account across multiple devices, including your phone, tablet, and computer (using Google Chrome).
Visit Google Pay to learn more.
Apple Pay: Best for Apple users
Compatible with: iOS
Payment limits: Up to $10,000 per message and $10,000 in a seven-day period.
Cost to send money: 1.5% fee for instant transfer withdrawals.
Apple Pay is a mobile payment app for iOS which allows you to make payments in stores and online, as well as send money to others. Apple Pay stores credit cards and debit cards, and also has a built-in wallet that can be used to make payments or transfers.
Apple Pay is connected to the Apple Cash service, which allows users to pay iMessage contacts directly through a message. Apple Pay can be used on iOS devices, Apple Watch, and on Mac computers.
There are no fees to send money to family and friends via bank account or debit card, but there is a 3% fee for payments made by credit card. And there is a fee charged for instant transfer withdrawals from your Apple Cash account balance. The fee is 1.5% of the transaction, with a minimum $0.25 charge, and maximum of $15.
Visit Apple Pay to learn more.
Samsung Pay: Best for Samsung users
Compatible with: Select Samsung devices
Payment limits: Lite limits receiving money to once per day. You can send money eight times per day, 10 times per week, or 15 times per month and total transactions cannot exceed $500. Limits can be raised by providing more personal information.
Cost to send money: Samsung states fees may apply but doesn’t divulge what those fees are, so watch closely.
Samsung Pay is a mobile app for select Samsung devices that offers touch-free checkout in stores. Samsung Pay is now part of Samsung Wallet, which can store your payment cards, such as debit and credit cards, as well as store loyalty cards and even gift cards.
Samsung Pay also offers a rewards portal, giving users cash back for shopping through the Samsung Pay app. The app is available for free to download on select Samsung devices and does require a Samsung account to use. But the wallet will sync between your Samsung devices, keeping your payment options available on all of them.
To send money to friends and family you will also need a Samsung Pay Cash Account. There are two plan levels, lite and full.
Visit Samsung Pay to learn more.
PayPal: Best for low-fee transactions
Compatible with: Android, iOS
Payment limits: No limits on total money you can send from your verified account. Up to $60,000 in a single transaction, but may be limited to $10,000.
Cost to send money: If paying with a credit card, debit card, or PayPal credit you pay 2.9% plus a fixed fee. 1.75% for instant transfers ($0.25 min, $25 max).
PayPal is one of the original peer-to-peer payment apps, offering direct transfers from your debit card or bank account to family and friends for free. PayPal is also available with merchant accounts, allowing businesses to accept payments and manage payments to employees and contractors.
PayPal offers unlimited transfers to verified accounts. You can send up to $60,000 in a single transaction, but you may be limited to $10,000. There may also be additional verification needed on larger transactions.
Fun fact: I bought a used car by transferring funds through PayPal. It only took a few days, but additional verification was needed.
PayPal is available on most iOS and Android devices and is free to download. There are fees for paying with a credit card (2.9% plus a fixed fee), or for business payments. And PayPal also charges for instant transfer withdrawals to your bank account, charging 1.75% (minimum $0.25, maximum $25).
Visit PayPal to learn more.
Xoom: Best for sending money to other countries
Compatible with: Android, iOS
Payment limits: Initial limits are $2,999 in 24 hours, $6,000 in 30 days, and $9,999 in 180 days. Can increase limits by giving Xoom more personal information.
Cost to send money: Cost varies depending on which country you’re sending money to.
Xoom is an international money transfer service that is a subsidiary of PayPal. Xoom supports over 160 countries around the globe and is available in 14 languages. Xoom users pay low exchange rates to send money internationally.
Xoom is a mobile app that is available on both Android and iOS devices. Users can deposit funds with a debit card or bank account, or use their PayPal account balance. Xoom also offers an international bill pay feature within the app.
Xoom charges fees based on the currency being sent to the country you are sending money to. Money can be sent to family or friends and arrives instantly in most cases, but some transfers might take two to four business days to complete.
Visit Xoom to learn more.
Venmo: Best for sending small amounts of money
Compatible with: Android, iOS
Payment limits: $299.99 weekly, but can be raised to $60,000 weekly with additional verification.
Cost to send money: $0 if purchasing from authorized merchants, 3% if paid by credit card, 1.75% fee to transfer Venmo balance out of Venmo ($0.25 min, up to $25 max).
Venmo is another PayPal subsidiary company and payment app that is ideal for smaller transfers between family and friends. But Venmo also offers merchant services, allowing you to checkout at online retailers using the app.
Venmo allows you to pay with your bank, debit card, credit card, or Venmo balance, and you can transfer up to $999.99 per week ($19,999.999 for verified accounts). There is a $5,000 limit per transfer.
Venmo charges a 3% fee for transfers using a credit card, but no fees for using your debit/bank account/Venmo balance. There are no fees for standard withdrawals from the account, but there is a fee of 1.75% (minimum $0.25 fee, maximum $25 fee) for instant transfer withdrawals.
Visit Venmo to learn more.
Western Union: Best for sending small amounts internationally
Compatible with: Android, iOS
Payment limits: $3,000 limit per transaction. Can be raised to $50,000 by providing additional information.
Cost to send money: Varies based on currency, amount, and location.
Western Union is a well-known money transfer company that now offers a digital payments app for sending smaller amounts. Users can send up to $500 daily through Western Union to over 200 countries around the globe.
The app is available on iOS or Android devices, and accounts can be funded via bank account, debit card, or credit card. Currency exchange rates are available in real-time within the app, and it also offers international bill pay as well. And you can send money directly through the Western Union mobile wallet to users in supported countries who also have the wallet installed.
Fees are charges based on the currency exchange rate, amount, transaction type, country of origin, and the country you are sending money to. There is a $3,000 limit for sending money, but this can be increased to $50,000 with additional verification.
Visit Western Union to learn more.
Cash App: Best for easy account setup
Compatible with: Android, iOS
Payment limits: Initial limit of $250 per transaction or seven-day period. Limits can be raised by providing more personal information.
Cost to send money: Free using debit card. 3% fee if sending by credit card. $2.50 ATM fee (can be waived if $300 in direct deposit per month).
Cash App is a simple-to-use payment app that allows you to open an account with just your phone number and a linked debit card. Cash App is owned by payments company Square, and allows users to pay via a user’s $Cashtag, phone number, or QR code. Cash App also supports international transfers between the U.S. and U.K. with no additional fees.
There are no fees to send and receive payments via debit card, credit card, or Cash App balance, and a 3% fee for using a credit card. There are also fees for instant withdrawals or ATM withdrawals. The instant withdrawal fee varies from 0.5% to 1.75% with a minimum fee of $0.25 per withdrawal. ATM fees are $2.50 per transaction, but are waived for users that receive $300 (or more) per month in direct deposit to Cash App on a monthly basis.
Cash App limits sending money to $250 per seven-day period, and receiving money to $1,000 per 30-day period. These transfer limits can be increased by providing more personal information, such as your date of birth and the last four digits of your Social Security number.
Visit CashApp to learn more.
Zelle: Best for credit union members
Compatible with: Depends on bank or credit union’s app
Payment limits: If your bank or credit union doesn’t offer Zelle, your limit is $500 per week. If they do, contact your bank or credit union for limits.
Cost to send money: Zelle doesn’t charge fees, but your bank or credit union may.
Zelle is not your typical payment app. It is directly linked to your credit union or banking app, and can be used to send payments for free.
Fun Fact: I use Zelle to pay my landlord every month.
Zelle does not charge fees, and is only used with a participating bank account, or directly with your debit card. You can pay family and friends if they have access to Zelle within their banking app, and transfer funds directly to them.
Zelle does not allow you to link or pay with credit cards, and all balances are stored directly within your bank account, and not on the Zelle platform. Payments are initially limited to $500 for Zelle users without a participating bank, but if you are using Zelle within your banking app, you will need to contact your bank about the payment limits.
Visit Zelle to learn more.
Compatible with: Android, iOS, but users must have a Facebook or Instagram account.
Payment limits: $2,000 for unverified users, $10,000 for verified users in a 30-day window.
Cost to send money: No fees, but you can only use a debit card or PayPal account to fund transfers.
Meta Pay offers no-fee money transfers using your debit card or PayPal. You can use Meta Pay within the Facebook app, the Facebook Messenger app, and through Instagram. Payments may take some time to arrive, though, as payments may not clear for up to five business days.
Meta Pay is integrated into the Facebook Marketplace, allowing you to check out with Meta and make no-fee payments quickly. Meta Pay is also being integrated into other online retail shops, allowing you to pay by logging in with your Facebook or Instagram account.
You cannot connect a credit card directly, but Meta Pay does integrate with PayPal, which allows you to pay with a card. Payments are limited to $2,000 for unverified accounts, and up-to $10,000 for verified accounts within a 30-day window.
Visit Meta Pay to learn more.
What are payment apps?
Payment apps allow you to make payments using your phone
These apps can make paying at the store easier if you’re always fumbling through your bag trying to find the right card to pay with. Payment apps generally allow you to link your credit cards or bank accounts to the app. Then, you can make payments directly from the app without having your credit card, debit card or checks present.
Depending on the app you download and your phone, you may be able to pay by tapping your phone at a point of sale rather than swiping a credit card. Other payment apps or phones could allow you to pay by displaying a code that the cashier can scan.
Payment apps allow you to send money to friends and family
The apps generally allow you to send money to an email address or a phone number but other apps let you send money to your friends through social media, too.
It’s important that you look into the details of how payment apps work. Most payment apps allow you to make and receive payments for free if you’re using a bank account or an in app balance. However, if you use a credit card, you may have to pay a fee to send or receive money.
Additionally, apps may charge other fees if you want to move the money out of your app account and into your bank account. Apps may also have limitations as to how much money you can send within a given day, week or month.
What to look for in a payment app
Compatibility
Not all payment apps work on all devices Some are iOS only (Apple Pay), while others offer limited compatibility with certain operating systems. Make sure the payment app your choose works with all of the devices you plan on using it with.
Fees
While many payment apps do not charge fees, there are caveats to each (they have to make money somehow, right?) Look for fees when sending money, especially if you are thinking of using a credit card. And make sure to select “family & friends” when sending money to avoid fees and tax implications.
Limits
If you are planning to use a payment app regularly, make sure you know the limits. While some allow you to send $10,000 or more, some have much smaller payment limits. And the limits on these apps are typically confined to a window of time, such as 7 days or 30 days. Understanding the limits can help you choose the best app for your personal needs.
Security
While most payment apps offer encrypted payments and don’t store your payment information directly, it’s important to find an app that publishes security details publicly. This helps ensure your bank accounts and credit cards are stored safely. Also, only use apps that offer pin numbers or biometric access controls, further protecting your money if you accidentally lose your phone.
Summary
Payment apps make paying for your purchases or sending money to family & friends easier than it’s ever been. With direct connections to your accounts, you can quickly send money or “tap to pay” at your local store, without worrying about forgetting your wallet or having to withdraw cash.
But not all payment apps are created equal, and you’ll want to check into the fees and limits of each to make sure you don’t get ripped off. And, as always, keep your apps protected by enabling features like biometric access controls, two-factor authentication, and lock screen controls on your device.
This post may contain affiliate links, which helps us to continue providing relevant content and we receive a small commission at no cost to you. As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases. Please read the full disclosure here.
Investing in stocks can seem like a daunting task.
There are so many things to consider when it comes to investing, and the stock market is constantly moving.
Stock market investing is a popular option to increase net worth and make money.
Many people are looking for ways to invest their money, with the number of individual investors increasing rapidly in recent years.
This guide covers many important factors for how to invest in stocks for beginners.
Starting out as a newbie trader can be scary and overwhelming… don’t worry, all seasoned traders had to start at the beginning too!
Let’s take away that quell those thoughts and focus on why you want to learn to invest in stocks.
This guide will give you everything you need to know about how to invest in stocks as a beginner investor!
What Are Stocks?
In the most basic form, stocks are a form of investment. When you own a stock, you have a piece of ownership in the company’s equity.
The stock market is a real-time financial market in which investors buy and sell stocks and other securites. The stock market is made up of many companies and individuals who are actively investing in stocks.
Stocks are an excellent way for companies and individuals to invest in a company and receive a share of the company’s profits.
Many of the growth stocks (FAANG stocks) are those who investors want their stock price to increase over time. Thus, increasing their overall portfolio’s net worth.
FAANG Stocks is an acronym for: Meta (formerly known as Facebook), Amazon, Apple, Netflix, and Alphabet (formerly known as Google).
Some companies like Chevron (CVX) pay out a dividend each quarter to their investors.
There are thousands of stocks available to trade.
What Can You Invest In The Stock Market?
There are many investment opportunities in the financial market, so it is important to be informed about what you can invest in. Below are some of the places where you can invest your money:
Stocks
Bonds
Mutual funds
ETFs
Commodities
Futures
Options
Now, we are going to look at the most common.
Individual stocks
Individual stocks are a type of investment that you can make yourself.
You can choose how many shares of a certain company you want to purchase.
For example, you like Tesla for how they are innovative in the electric car space. You can choose to invest 20 shares of their stock.
As a long-term investor, you want to hold a portfolio of 10-25 stocks. Find a list of beginning stocks to build your portfolio.
Individual stocks can be bought or sold as a way to dip your toe into the stock-trading waters.
As a short-term investor, you are looking to make money as the stock price increases or decreases.
Mutual Funds
Mutual funds are managed portfolios of stocks.
As a result, mutual funds typically have load fees equal to 1% to 3% of the value of the fund.
One of the most popular mutual funds is VTSAX because of its expense ratio is .04%
Mutual funds are a clear choice for most investors because of the simplicity to invest in the market. This can be a good investment for both novice and experienced investors, as they offer decent returns with lower risk.
They tend to rise more slowly than individual stocks and have less potential for high returns. Mutual funds are a great way to diversify your portfolio and gain exposure to a variety of different securities.
All mutual funds must disclose their fees and performance information so that you can make an informed decision about whether or not to invest.
Exchange traded funds (ETFs)
Exchange traded funds (ETFs) are a type of exchange-traded investment product that must register with the SEC and allows investors to pool money and invest in stocks, bonds, or assets that are traded on the US stock exchange.
They are inherently diversified, which reduces your risk.
This is a good option for beginner investors because they offer a large selection of stocks in one go.
ETFs have a lower minimum to start investing, which is a draw for many investors starting out with little funds. Plus there are many different types of ETFs to choose from.
ETFs are similar to mutual funds, but trade more similarly to individual stocks. With ETFs and Index Funds, you can purchase them yourself and may have lower fees.
Why Stock Prices Fluctuate
Stock prices fluctuate because the financial markets are a complex system. There are many factors that can affect the price of a stock,
There are a number of factors that can influence stock prices, including:
Economic indicators like GDP growth, inflation, and unemployment rates
Company earnings reports
The overall health of the economy
Political and social instability
Changes in interest rates
War or natural disasters
Supply and demand,
Actions of the company’s management
Short squeezings like what happened with GME or AMC
The volatility in the stock market is the #1 reason most people stay out of investments. However, on average, the stock market has moved up 8-10% a year.
What is the best thing to invest in as a beginner?
The best thing to invest in as a beginner is your time.
You need to learn how the stock market works. Just like you would get a certification or degree, you should highly consider an investing course.
Learn and devote as much time as you can to investing in stocks.
How To Invest In Stocks For Beginners?
Investing in the stock market can be a great way to make money! If you’re looking for ways to make money or grow net worth, investing in a stock is a smart choice.
With online access and trading being easier now than ever, it can be easier than ever to start buying stocks.
Let’s dig into how to invest in stocks like a pro.
FYI…You should do your own research before investing.
Step #1: Figure out your goals
Figure out your goals to help with setting an investing strategy.
What are you trying to achieve with stock market investing? Is it supplemental income? A certain level of wealth for retirement? Are you looking for short-term or long-term gains?
Once you know what you’re aiming for, it will be easier to find the right stocks and make wise investment decisions.
Your reason to invest in stocks will be different than everyone around you.
Some people want to supplement their weekly income.
Others want to invest in companies for the long term.
My goal is to make weekly income from the stock market. That is my investment strategy for non-retirement accounts.
You need to spend time understanding WHY you want to buy stocks.
Knowing this answer will help you define what type of trader you will be.
Step #2. Decide how you want to invest in the stock market
When you decide to invest in the stock market, you need to choose what you want to invest in.
You can invest in stocks, which are shares of ownership in a company, or you can invest in bonds, which are loans that a company makes. There are also other options like mutual funds and exchange-traded funds (ETFs), which are collections of stocks or bonds.
Also, you can expand this to what types of investments will you have in various retirement or brokerage accounts. For example, you may invest in mutual funds with your 401k, ETFs with your Roth IRA, and stick with individual stocks for your taxable account.
This is a personal decision.
Many people when they are first starting to trade stocks choose to limit purchasing stocks with a limited percentage of their overall portfolio.
Step #3. Are you invest in stocks for the short term or long term?
The buy and hold investor is more comfortable with taking a long-term approach, while the short-term speculator is more focused on the day-to-day price fluctuations.
Once again, this is a personal preference.
One of the most common themes of many investing gurus is, “Remember that stock prices can go down as well as up, so it’s important to stay invested for the long term.”
However, this full-time trader wants to make money on those highs and lows.
Knowing your overall investment horizon will help you decide how much time you plan to hold onto your investments to reach your financial goal.
Also, you can choose different time horizons for different accounts.
Step #4: Determine your investing approach
Passive and active investing are two main approaches to stock market investing.
Passive investing does not involve significant trading and is associated with index funds.
Passive investing is a way to DIY your investments for maximum efficiency over time.
Thus, you would contribute to your investment account on the xx day of the month with $xx amount of money.
This happens with consistency regardless of where the market stands on that day.
You are less warry of where the stock market will go and focused on overtime it will continue to go up.
Active investing takes the opposite approach, hoping to maximize gains by buying and selling more frequently and at specific times.
Active investing is when an investor is actively acquiring, selling, or holding bought stocks.
This could be with day trading or swing trading.
You may hold stocks for less than a day, a few days, or a couple of weeks.
The purpose of having active investing is to make profits.
In the stock market, investors make efforts to increase their net worth over time or to make income off the market.
Step #5: Define your investment strategy
When it comes to investing in the stock market, there are a few key factors you need to take into account: your time horizon, financial goals, risk tolerance, and tax bracket.
Do you want to be an active trader or stick with passive investing? What kind of investor am I?
There is no right or wrong answer as this is a personal preference.
Ultimately, you want returns to be greater than the overall S&P 500 index for the year.
Once you’ve figured these out, you can start focusing on specific investment strategies that will work best for you.
Be aware of any fees or related costs when investing. Fees can take a bite out of your investments, so compare costs and fees.
Step #6: Determine the amount of money willing to lose on stocks.
Trading stocks online is inherently risky.
You want to consider what your “risk tolerance” is. Simply put, how much are you willing to lose in stocks before you want to quit?
The biggest reason most people quit trading stocks is that they do not know their risk tolerance and fail with risk management.
You will lose on trading stocks. The goal is to lose a small amount on some of the trades and gain a greater amount of more of your trades.
How much risk you can reasonably take on given your financial situation?
What are your feelings about risk?
What happens when your favorite stock drops 25%?
Understanding your risk tolerance and how much you are willing to lose will help you keep your losses small.
Start with a small amount of money when investing in stocks. Also, make sure you have enough money saved up so you can handle any losses that may occur.
How to Start Investing in Stocks
There are a variety of ways to start investing in stocks. Some methods include getting a small account balance and then buying shares, creating an investing club with friends, or researching the companies you want to invest in.
Now, that you have determined how and why you want to invest in stocks. Let’s dig into the nitty gritty of how to manage a stock portfolio.
On the other hand, if you don’t invest enough, you could miss out on potential profits. Try starting with an amount you’re comfortable losing if the stock market does go down.
1. Open an investment account
There are a few things you need to do in order to start investing in the stock market.
The first is to open an investment account with a broker or an online brokerage firm.
There are different types of accounts you can open:
Taxable accounts like an individual or joint brokerage
Retirement accounts like IRA or Roth IRA
These are the most basic investment accounts, here is a list of types of investment accounts.
If you plan to hold EFTs or mutual funds, Vanguard is a great place to start.
If you plan to be an active trader, I would look at TD Ameritrade or Fidelity. Be wary of Robinhood or WeBull.
2. Saturate yourself in Stock Market Knowledge
On the simplest level, it can be incredibly easy to begin your investing career with little-to-no knowledge, research, and expertise.
If you have even a remote understanding of stocks, then learn what you need from an easy-to-find YouTube video, followed by watching some of your favorite TV shows to learn more about the market and its secrets.
With that said, you need to be digesting the basics from start to end of getting your first investment started.
As the title reveals, investing can seem intimidating and complicated. Thus, stock market knowledge is invaluable.
3. Consider an Investing Course
A typical investing course would teach how to invest in stocks (and possibly other investments).
As a beginner trader, it is unlikely you will know the full extent of how the stock market works. There are many intricacies you must learn and understand.
Beginners should learn about stock investing basics, such as diversification and investment criteria.
Many investing courses offer a platform on how to make money by trading stocks.
Personally, I highly recommend buying this investing course.
If you choose not to follow my advice, that is fine. Come back when you have lost more money in the stock market than the price of the courses.
I CAN NOT STRESS ENOUGH… how important it is to have a solid foundation and practice in a simulated account before you use your real money.
4. Research the companies you want to invest in
When you’re ready to start investing in stocks, it is important that you do your due diligence and research the companies you want to invest in.
Look for trends and for companies that are in positions to benefit you.
Consider stocks across a wide range of industries, from technology to health care. It’s also important to remember that stock prices can go up or down, so always consider this before making any investment decisions.
5. Choose your stocks, ETFs, or mutual funds
Next, you have to decide what fits your investing strategy. Are you looking to buy:
Stocks
ETFs
Mutual Funds
Regardless of which type of investment you make, you must look for companies that have attractive valuations and growth prospects. In the case of index funds or ETFs, which fund has the companies you find attractive.
Most importantly, you should also take into account the company’s financial health and its prospects for future growth.
Make sure you understand the risks associated with holding a particular stock, including possible price fluctuations and loss of value.
7. Take the Trade
This is the hardest step for most people is to take their first trade.
Thus, why learning to trade stocks is great to learn a simulated account using fake money. Then, move to a LIVE account using your real money.
At some point, in your investing in stocks journey, you must press the buy button.
For many the investment platform may be overwhelming to use, so check out your brokerage’s YouTube videos to help you out.
8: Manage your portfolio
Managing your portfolio is important to keep your investments in good shape.
If you are a long-term investor, diversify your portfolio by investing in different types of investment vehicles and industries.
If you prefer to swing trade or day trade, then you want to make sure you always have cash on hand and are rotating your portfolio to take profit.
Investing can be difficult for beginners who often lack knowledge about the stock market.
It is important to remember to keep investing money and rebalance your portfolio on a regular basis. This will help ensure that you stay on top of your investments and achieve the desired result.
9. Selling Stocks
For most investors, it is harder to sell their stocks than to purchase them. There are a variety of factors for that. But, you must sell your stocks at some time to realize your gain.
Don’t panic if the market crashes or corrects – these events usually don’t last very long and history has shown that the market will eventually rebound. Most people tend to panic sell when stocks are low and FOMO buy when the market is at highs.
When you are ready to sell, aim to achieve a percentage return on your investment.
This will require some focus on your time horizon and the stocks you want to invest in.
Also, you need to consider any taxes that may be owed on the sale of stock.
If you’re new to stock investing, consider using index funds instead of individual stocks to gain broad market exposure.
10. Journal & Analyze your Trades
Journaling is a way of recording the important decisions you make during trading to help yourself remember what happened in your trades. It can be used as a tool for reflection, learning from mistakes, and reviewing your strategy.
Analyzing your trades means looking back on your trading history with the goal of improving it.
This is the most overlooked step of the investing process.
When it comes to buying and selling stocks, journalling what is happening in the market is an important part of being a successful investor.
Stock Market Investing Tips for Beginners
Ask any seasoned trader, and they will have a list of investing tips for beginners.
They have made plenty of trading mistakes they do not want to see newbies do the same thing.
When starting to invest in the stock market, beginner investors often seek out consistent and reliable investments.
This allows them to slowly learn about the stock market and take calculated risks while also earning a return on their investment. Over time, as they gain experience, they can expand their portfolio to include riskier but potentially more rewarding stocks.
1. Invest in Companies That You Understand
An investor should know the company they are investing in and have an idea of what type of return they expect.
When you are starting out, it is best to invest in stocks of companies that are easy to understand and have a proven track record.
Do NOT invest in stocks based on the advice of friends, what you read in the news, or on a whim – these can be risky moves. Be wary of the popular stocks you can find on the Reddit Personal Finance threads.
2. Don’t Time the Market
In the world of investing, there is one rule that no investors should ever break: do not time the market.
By following this rule, you will always be on top of your investments and will be able to reap the rewards.
There are times to buy stocks and sell stocks. This is something you will learn when investing in a high-quality investing course.
As an average investor, trying to time the market will leave you frustrated by your minimal returns or great losses.
3. Avoid Penny Stocks
Penny stocks are the lowest-priced securities on the market, and they don’t offer any significant upside potential to their investors. While you may hit a home run return on some, many penny stocks tend to trend sideways.
The risk is not worth the return.
If you plan to invest in stocks, avoid penny stocks and focus on healthy companies.
4. Consider Buying Fractional Shares
Fractional share investing lets investors buy less than a full share at one time. Many times, you may not be able to afford the price of a full share.
For example, buying a share of Amazon (AMZN) may cost you upwards of $2800 or more. Thus, you can invest a smaller amount with a fractional share.
You would have to check if your brokerage company allows the purchase of fractional shares.
5. Stay the Course
In order to be successful, a trader must stay the course and maintain their focus. By staying focused, they will have less chance of making mistakes that may lead to big losses or overtrading.
When you’re starting out in the stock market, it’s important to be disciplined with your buying. Don’t try to time the market, because you’re likely to fail. Instead, buy shares over time and stay the course.
That way, you’ll be more likely to see a profit in the long run.
6. Avoid Emotional Trading
In order to be successful in the stock market, you have to maintain a level head.
Responding emotionally will only lead to bad decision making. Instead, stay the course and trust your research and analysis.
Know your weaknesses as well as your strengths.
7. Do Your Research
When you’re ready to start investing in the stock market, it is important to do your research so you can make informed decisions.
There are a lot of stocks to choose from, and it can be tempting to invest in them all.
But remember, you don’t want to spread yourself too thin. Invest in stocks that you believe in and that have a good chance of making you money.
8. Build Wealth
Stock market investing is one of the best ways to grow your money over time.
For long-term investing, you buy stocks in companies and hold them for a period of time, typically years. Over time, as the company grows and makes more money, so does your stock. This is one of the most common ways to build wealth over time.
The other way with short-term investing is to consistently take profit and grow your account over time.
Stock investing FAQs
Here is a list of the most common questions and answers on stock investing.
Q: What is the difference between investing and trading?
Trading is buying or selling financial products with the goal of making a profit. This is normally a day trader or swing trader.
Investing, on the other hand, refers to the process of putting money into an investment with the hope that it will grow. Someone who is focused on the long-term.
Q: Do you have to live in the U.S. to open a stock brokerage account?
No, you do not have to live in the U.S. to open a stock brokerage account. You must find a brokerage company in your area of residence abroad.
Q: How much money do I need to start investing?
The very common question of, “How much should you invest in stocks first time?”
It is recommended to start investing with $500 or more. However, you can start with Acorns with as little as $5.
Check out this investor’s story by starting with a small account of $500 and growing it over $35k in less than 6 months.
It is best to grow your account with your growth or profit.
Q: Do I have to pay taxes on the money I earn from stocks?
Yes, you will be required to pay taxes on the money you earn from stocks.
Q: What are the best stocks for beginners to invest in?
The best stocks for beginners to invest in are those that have a history of staying consistently on an uptrend. These companies’ stock prices have typically risen over the course of the year.
Find a list of beginning stocks to build your portfolio.
Q: How do beginners buy stocks?
Above, we outlined this in detail. In order to buy stocks, there are a few different steps that you should follow in order to maximize your chances of success.
The first step is making sure you have an account. Once you have an account, the next step is to decide which stocks you want to invest in. Then, you must buy your stock. Finally, you must decide when you want to sell your stock for a realized gain or loss.
Q: How many stocks should you own?
The best answer is it depends on your investing strategy.
As a short-term investor, you can only manage a smaller number of trades.
As a long-term investor, you need a more well-rounded portfolio. of15-25 stocks.
More likely than not, the short answer is “as many as you can afford.”
Q: What is the best thing to invest in as a beginner?
The best thing to invest in as a beginner is an index fund.
Indexes are great because they diversify across many different types of investments and don’t require much effort on the part of the investor to maintain. Index funds are also less risky than other investments, especially in the beginning stages of an individual’s investing career.
Q: How do we make money?
Traders make money in many ways. They can trade stocks, bonds, futures, and options on equities. They can go long when the market goes up and short when the market goes down.
Traders also use trading systems that are usually automated to manage the trades they make to maximize profit.
Trading is a risky investment and it’s not uncommon for traders to lose money. In order to keep losses small, many traders use the trading strategy based on minimizing risk in order to get the desired return.
Learn how fast you can make money in stocks.
Q: Why is Youtube Option Trading So Popular?
Video on how to trade options is very popular on Youtube. This is because of the high volume of interest on this topic.
For many people, learning options is an advanced strategy that takes more time and knowledge to learn.
This is my favorite youtube option trading channel as well as an overall investing strategy.
Additionally, traders are able to get a much higher return on motion trading versus going long or short on stocks.
Q: What is volume in stocks?
Volume is a measure of the number of shares traded in a given period, usually trading days.
This is an important metric if you plan to exit your trade to know there are enough buyers to buy your stock.
Q: How to invest in penny stocks for beginners?
Penny stocks are shares of a company that typically trade for less than $5 per share, which is also known as penny stock trading.
Investing in penny stocks can be a lot of fun and the highest risk, and there are many ways to get involved. For anyone who is new to the world of investing in penny stocks, it can be intimidating to know where to start.
However, there are a few things that you should keep in mind before diving into the world of penny stocks. One of these is researching what types of companies you want to invest in. Many of these penny stocks are not healthy companies and burning through cash.
It is important to always be careful when investing in penny stocks. Keep in mind that the risk of losing money is high and you should invest only what you are willing to lose.
Q: How to invest in stocks for beginners robinhood?
Robinhood is a stock brokerage company that allows users to invest in stocks without paying any fees. It also provides real-time quotes and charts. To invest, the user must have an account with Robinhood that holds at least $0.
Most major brokerage companies have zero commission fees on trading stocks as well.
Beware, Robinhood is known for stopping to trade various stocks during times of volatility whereas other’s brokers do not.
Q: What is a good price to buy at?
This is a hotly debated question as every investor sees the market from their view.
More often than not, people wonder the best time to buy stocks.
As such, you can read is now a good time to buy stocks?
Ready for Stock Market Investing?
If you are new to investing in stocks, there are a few things you take into consideration before diving into the market.
For starters, it is important to understand how stock markets work. You should also know the difference between a stock and an investment.
Investing in stocks can be a bit complicated, but this guide walked you through the basics of how to invest.
Before you invest in stocks, it is important that you understand your investment strategy. That way, you can make informed decisions about where to put your money and how much risk you are willing to take on.
Most people shy away from learning how to actively trade stocks because of the movies about Wall Street they have watched.
You will get a deeper understanding of investing in stocks the longer you educate yourself on the concept.
Overall, it is wise to diversify your portfolio and don’t put all your eggs in one basket.
So, what is your next move to start investing?
One of the best ways to improve your personal finance situation is to increase your income.
Here are the best investing courses to guide your path. With time and effort, you can start enjoying the lifestyle you want.
Learn how to supplement your daily, weekly, or monthly income with trading so that you can live your best life! This is a lifestyle trading style you need to learn.
Honestly, this course is a must for anyone who invests. You will lose more in the market than you will spend this quality education – guaranteed.
Read my Invest with Teri Review.
Photo Credit:
studentloanplannercourse.com
Learn how to reach a six figure net worth in 5 to 10 years, even if you have a massive amount of student loans.
This beginning investment course will help you pay off debt and start your path to six figures.
After taking a second job as a driver for Amazon to make ends meet, this former teacher pivoted to be a successful stock trader.
Leaving behind the stress of teaching, now he sets his own schedule and makes more money than he ever imagined. He grew his account from $500 to $38000 in 8 months.
Check out this interview.
Know someone else that needs this, too? Then, please share!!
I have a pretty idyllic Friday evening planned: I’m going to yoga class, and then taking my husband out for dinner. These are both fairly spendy activities for me, but I got a great deal. I’ve already paid for both my yoga class and my date night with Groupons.
Groupon is the mother of all daily deal sites, with a rapidly growing number of competitors. The concept is simple: A product or service is offered at a discounted rate, but the deal only goes through if enough people buy it. The businesses make out — in theory — on volume, while the buyers score some great deals.
Sounds almost too good to be true, right? And it’s just that — almost too good to be true.
A Groupon Groupie When Groupon works, it works great. That yoga class I mentioned? I got 50% off a month-long membership at the local studio right around the corner from my house. I was going to buy that membership anyway, and the Groupon happened to be fortuitously timed for two weeks before I wanted to use it. I snapped it up. My date-night Groupon is a similar deep discount for dinner at my husband’s favorite restaurant. We go there all for all our special dates, like anniversaries and birthdays. Buying a coupon for half off dinner there was a no-brainer.
I’ve bought a few other daily deal coupons:
A discount at my favorite thrift store
A coupon for a cocktail bar a friend and I have plans to check out
A ten-visit pass at the local climbing gym
Again, these were activities I’d been wanting to do anyway. So far, I’ve been delighted with each of my Groupon purchases. They’ve saved me real money on things I was definitely going to buy anyway.
The “one day only” sales tactic works for me, too. There’s something about the time pressure of these deals that gets past my normal resistance to buying Stuff. I know I can slip into “shopping mode” and start overspending, and that awareness sometimes makes me too cautious. I don’t want to buy anything for fear of flipping the switch. A daily deal site is kind of great for a shopper like me: They offer a deal a day, and I take it or leave it. Even if I buy that one thing, I won’t be tempted by the item sitting on the shelf next to it. While a lot of these sites do have multiple deals running simultaneously, they don’t push you to browse for more the way, say, buying a book on Amazon pops up a whole string of tempting “recommendations”.
In my case, this has worked out well. I’d been wanting to join that yoga studio for months. I looked at their web site so many times I memorized the class schedule. I asked friends about their experiences there and heard only rave reviews. I walked past it at least a few times a week and stared in the windows. I made a New Year’s Resolution to take a class there. New Year’s stretched into March, and I still totally meant to do it.
But I never got past my own resistance to spending “unnecessary” money. Even when my doctor told me I needed more exercise and my therapist suggested taking up a meditative practice. Yoga is both. I’m so happy to be doing it now; I’ve been going to three classes a week and loving every minute of it. The Groupon was just the right nudge to get me over my shopper’s paralysis and in the door.
The Dark Side of Deals I probably sound a bit like a Groupon groupie. As I said, it’s been great for me so far. I’m acutely aware that the deal is almost too good to be true, and that some people will be bitten by it. There’s an obvious dark side to daily deals. At heart, daily deal sites are just another avenue to entice you to buy more Stuff. Whether it’s real physical Stuff or meta-Stuff like classes and restaurant meals, it’s still Stuff you spend your money on.
When you’re offered a deep discount on something, it can seem appealing even if you don’t really want or need it. So far, I’ve managed to stick to a firm personal rule of never buying a daily deal for anything I wasn’t already planning to spend money on. I’m comfortable with those purchases: They’re things I want, and I could afford them at the discounted rates I paid.
Not everyone escapes the smoothly oiled marketing machine of the daily deals so well. Time has a great piece up on their It’s Your Money blog about “Groupon remorse”. Some people buy so many coupons they need spreadsheets to manage them. There’s a whole secondary market emerging in people reselling Groupons and other daily deal coupons that they bought and then realized they were never going to use. (If you want in on that action, you can check it out at Lifesta.)
To the extent that they encourage you to buy Stuff, the daily deals are just one more frugality buster. A half-price dinner out is still more expensive than a home-cooked meal. If buying Groupons becomes a habit for me, it’ll lead me to spend more than I want or need to, on Stuff I don’t really need.
Used wisely and sparingly, though, it can be a tool for some great deals on things you’d be spending your hard-earned cash on anyway.
Have you tried Groupon, or another daily deal site? Have you loved it or loathed it? What’s your strategy for making sure you only buy deals you’ll really value?
That’s the takeaway from a recent Morningstar analysis, which reported in on a seeming contradiction in stock prices. The market as a whole, Morningstar writes, is expensive. But those prices are a bargain compared to what the underlying companies generally should cost.
At threshold level, stock prices have gone way, way up over the last several years. As Morningstar writes, its U.S. Market Index is up about 8.6% in 2023 alone and 16.2% over the recent low last October. That’s despite 2022’s inflation, which has largely but not yet completely abated, and ongoing concerns of a potential recession in late 2023.
“We still think the U.S. equity market looks expensive and has been getting more expensive since the start of the year,” wrote Morningstar while quoting Jim Masturzo, chief investment officer of multi-asset strategies at Research Affiliates. “The market is holding up well given the macroeconomic environment.”
So where can investors find the best bargains?
For hands-on help strategizing your investments, consider matching for free with a vetted financial advisor.
For the Best Bargains, Look to Value Stocks
Look at the S&P 500, and you’ll also see lofty share prices. From an October 2022 low around 3,500, the S&P 500 is now back to hovering near 4,200 points. Even if you disregard the March, 2020 low as an aberration, this is a huge gain from the S&P 500’s pre-Covid value of around 3,300 points.
So the stock market is doing well, with high prices that are going steadily up. Much of that, writes Morningstar, is down to technology stocks that have posted huge gains in recent months and years. These are “the big technology stocks that dominate the weightings in broad market indexes, such as Apple (AAPL) — up 35% in 2023 — and Alphabet (GOOGL) — is up 39% so far this year. That, say some strategists, has left large growth stocks particularly expensive.”
Expensive is one word for it. At time of writing Apple traded for $177 and Alphabet for $123. Stocks like Tesla (TSLA) and Meta (META) traded for $197 and $263 per share, respectively. Although, to be fair, none of these compare with the likes of Chipotle Mexican Grill (CMG), which has a current share price of $2,064.
Yet despite these high prices, Morningstar feels that now is still a good time to buy. “[B]y Morningstar’s fair value estimate measures, stocks are actually undervalued by more than 9%, with value stocks looking particularly cheap,” Morning star writes. “That market discount, however, has been narrowing significantly since the October low.”
The key to this analysis is that term “value stocks.” Morningstar sees a market rich in value stocks.
Stocks are considered value stocks when they have a low share price compared with the underlying value of the company. For example, if you poured over the books of a company and decided that it was fairly worth about $20 per share, but it is currently trading for $15 per share, you would consider it a value stock.
Value stocks are generally considered a good buy for long term investors. Historically the market has been good at correcting a company’s share price to its fundamental value, a process known as “market efficiency.” Investors who buy a stock trading below the company’s fair valuation can generally expect that share price to rise over time to the level of its fundamental value. (some economists have criticized the market efficiency theory in the era of soaring tech sector valuations.)
The tricky part is figuring out that company’s underlying value.
How to Analyze a Company’s Underlying Value in Search of Bargain Stocks
Investors use a number of different metrics to decide what a company should trade for, including indicators like volatility (lower volatility tends to mean stronger value), dividends (higher dividends show stronger cash flow) and peer/competitor share price (higher priced competitors suggest a valuable industry). However the most common indicator that investors reach for is a company’s Price-to-Earnings Ratio, or P/E ratio.
A P/E ratio measures a company’s share price against its total earnings per share. For example, say that a company trades for $40 per share. It has released 1 million shares of stock total and it had $20 million in total earnings last year, giving it earnings of $20 per share. The company’s P/E ratio would be 2 ($40/$20).
The price to earnings ratio shows how much value you get for every dollar invested in a given stock. In our case above, for example, you pay $2 in share price for every $1 of company earnings. Or, to put it another way, every $2 that you invest in the company buys you $1 of value.
In general, across the market, 16 is considered an average price-to-earnings ratio. This means that with an average investment you pay $16 for every $1 of underlying earnings. Companies with low P/E ratio, whether compared with peer industries or the market at large, are generally considered value stocks. It’s likely that other investors will bid the price of this asset up because it offers better value than comparable investments.
All of which brings us back to Morningstar’s analysis.
As we noted above, Morningstar sees a market rich in value stocks. This is due to several different factors, including both standard P/E ratios and an adjusted form of this analysis known as the Cyclically Adjusted P/E, or “CAPE,” ratio. A CAPE analysis uses a company’s inflation-adjusted earnings over the past 10 years, rather than the firm’s most recent earnings report, in order to try and eliminated short-term anomalies in the business cycle. With both a standard P/E and a CAPE analysis, Morningstar writes, “fair value suggests stocks are undervalued.”
“Up 8.6% this year to date, the Morningstar U.S. Market Index sports a price/earnings multiple of 19.8 times based on trailing 12-month earnings,” Morningstar writes. “That compares with a P/E of 24.2 times at its peak in late 2021 and 17 times at the low in mid-October 2022… [And] value stocks are cheap relative to growth stocks [with] the materials sector trading at a P/E of 15 compared with an average closer to 18. Energy stocks are trading at a P/E of 7 compared with an average of 16.”
This is even true outside of the United States, where emerging markets are trading at a P/E ratio of 13.5.
Now, it’s important to understand that investors still do need to look for value. The large cap stocks out there, especially in technology, are expensive. “They are very high historically and relative to interest rates, liquidity, and inflation,” Morningstar’s analysis notes. What this means, in a nutshell, is that technology stocks have quite possibly met or exceeded their fundamental value. These companies have commanded a lot of growth, which means there’s not much of a gap left between their share price and their value.
The high-priced stocks that are demanding hundreds of dollars per share may grab headlines, but they aren’t necessarily driving the market’s value. Instead, look for the stocks with strong business fundamentals and a low P/E ratio.
Because despite the strong market, they’re out there, and now might be a great time to buy them.
The Bottom Line
A recent Morningstar analysis suggests that now might be a great time to buy into the market. Even though prices are high, they’re often low relative to the underlying value of companies at large, making this a strong moment for would-be investors.
Fundamentals Investing Tips
A P/E ratio is part of what’s known as “fundamental analysis.” This means that you look at the underlying company’s strengths and weaknesses to look for good investment opportunities. It’s an essential part of any long-term investor’s toolkit.
You know what else is an essential part of your toolkit? Good advice. Finding a financial advisor doesn’t have to be hard. SmartAsset’s free tool matches you with up to three vetted financial advisors who serve your area, and you can interview your advisor matches at no cost to decide which one is right for you. If you’re ready to find an advisor who can help you achieve your financial goals, get started now.
Eric Reed
Eric Reed is a freelance journalist who specializes in economics, policy and global issues, with substantial coverage of finance and personal finance. He has contributed to outlets including The Street, CNBC, Glassdoor and Consumer Reports. Eric’s work focuses on the human impact of abstract issues, emphasizing analytical journalism that helps readers more fully understand their world and their money. He has reported from more than a dozen countries, with datelines that include Sao Paolo, Brazil; Phnom Penh, Cambodia; and Athens, Greece. A former attorney, before becoming a journalist Eric worked in securities litigation and white collar criminal defense with a pro bono specialty in human trafficking issues. He graduated from the University of Michigan Law School and can be found any given Saturday in the fall cheering on his Wolverines.
This post is an illustrated, pared-down version of my recent “Inflation, Explained” podcast episode.
It was created as a simple, easy-to-digest guide to help you understand the current inflationary environment in the US.
Ready? Let’s dive in!
What is inflation?
Simple definition: too much money chasing too few goods.
– a.k.a. this: –
When Does it Happen?
When the growth of the money supply outpaces the growth of the economy
The money supply grows from…
– Printing & issuance of new money
– The government loaning money into banking system by purchasing government bonds
– The government deciding to legally devalue currency*
(*The U.S. dollar has only been deliberately devalued once, in 1933-1934)
When demand outpaces supply, (aka too much money chasing too few goods) which causes prices to rise.
What this can look like…
– Higher demand for goods that can’t quickly or easily increase in supply. (More on this in a minute.)
– Manufacturers and retailers facing higher production costs due to external factors driving up the cost of raw materials or manufacturing. These higher costs get passed down to the end consumer.
Fun fact!
There’s also something called the “wage price spiral.”
It takes place when…
1. Prices begin to rise,
2. Causing life to get generally more expensive,
3. And so workers ask for higher salaries,
4. Which employers pay,
5. And then the employers have to raise the price of **their own goods and services** to pay those increased labor costs!
6. …Which then cycles back to step 1 and compounds, pushing prices up further.
(If this sounds familiar, it’s because this has been our reality for the past 2 years!)
What the wage price spiral has looked like these past couple years:
Services were unavailable (e.g. concerts, restaurants, travel, etc.) so people turned their attention towards goods.
But at the same time, the supply chain capabilities couldn’t meet all the added demand for goods.
Fun fact!
In many sectors, producers must make large capital expenditures in order to increase production capacity. (For example: lumber millers.) These heavy CapEx investments require a long lead time, often multi-year.
Many producers lack either the capital to invest, or the confidence that the increased demand will persist. They don’t want to invest in CapEx for fear that two years down the line they’ll be overproducing for lower demand.
On top of all this, there are a lot of people opting out of the work force, whether for home schooling, general Covid concerns, caring for a family member, relocation, etc.
This further compounds the wage price spiral.
What are the effects of inflation?
Background info…
1. Some degree of **controlled inflation** is desirable for the economy, because it causes investors to look for investments to outpace inflation.
(📈 Investment activity = ⛽️ Fuel for the economy)
2. Controlled inflation also encourages consumers to spend now since tomorrow’s cash is worth less than today’s.
(💸 Money changing hands = ⛽️ More fuel for the economy)
The takeaway here…
All this is to say that inflation can be a good thing.
But!!! It needs to be managed carefully.
Fun fact!
For developed economies, around 2 percent inflation is the targeted “sweet spot” amount.
For developing economies, the targeted amount is usually higher. For example, India targets 4 percent. (+/- 2%)
With that background info out of the way, let’s move on to…
“How does inflation affect me?”
Who inflation is good for…
1. Borrowers
Once the banking system has money (from the government buying bonds), they’re able to loan it out.
The people who are able to get these loans are poised to benefit *significantly* as inflation picks up, especially the borrowers who were able to get fixed-rate loans.
Why?
If you have a fixed-rate loan with a rate that’s *lower* than inflation, it means that over time you repay that loan with cheaper and cheaper dollars.
2. Exporters
Inflation is good for exporters because they pay lower production costs associated with a weaker USD and sell their products in a stronger currency.
Who inflation is bad for…
1. Savers
Your dollar can buy less stuff, and the value of your cash gets eroded the longer you hold it.
2. Importers
The weaker USD means foreign-made goods are effectively more expensive.
How different assets are affected by inflation
Tangible assets
Tangible assets (that are valued in currency) are strong inflation hedges.
These allow you to store monetary value in something other than currency.
Examples include real estate (residential, commercial, land), commodities (oil, natural gas, precious metals, wheat and corn), art, and jewelry.
As inflation increases, often so could the value of these assets.
How to get a triple win!
If you were to take out a fixed-rate mortgage to buy real estate, you’d have a fantastic setup for an inflationary environment.
Here’s why:
1. You’d own an asset that historically has performed incredibly well in inflationary periods
2. You’d have a locked-in fixed-rate mortgage that you secured before interest rates rise further (the Fed has 7 rate hikes planned for 2022, and more for 2023)
3. You’d repay your mortgage with cheaper dollars over time
(Check out my free “2022 Real Estate Inflation & Recession Guide” for an in-depth overview of real estate investing in our current inflationary environment.)
What about stocks?
Historically, stocks and real estate have been great hedges against inflation.
But not all stocks are equally strong in inflationary periods.
Growth Stocks = 👎
Growth stocks are stocks that look promising for the future but don’t have particularly great numbers right now.
(e.g. Amazon, Facebook, Netflix, etc.)
Growth stocks usually take a hit during high-inflation environments. 💩
Value Stocks = 👍
Value stocks are stocks for companies that are doing well today but that investors believe are underpriced in the market relative to their performance.
Value stocks historically have done well in high-inflation environments. 📈
Fun fact!
Many (but not all) tech stocks are growth stocks, and several tech stocks (the “FAANG” stocks — Meta, Amazon, Apple, Netflix, Alphabet) also represent the largest cap stocks in the index.
This is one reason why we’ve seen such huge swings in the overall stock market lately…
Investors have been reassessing what they’re willing to pay for potential future returns on growth stocks in light of our high inflationary environment.
When the Fed tightens the money supply, there’s a risk of recession, which means battling inflation necessarily holds a degree of recession risk. This makes investors more cautious.
Said another way…
Lots of growth stocks being sold + Those stocks representing a large percentage of the total market cap = Volatility in the stock market
Takeaways and next steps
Hopefully you now have a better foundational understanding of inflation and how it affects you.
Here’s what to do next…
Stay Calm
Don’t get too wrapped up in headlines.
Don’t blow up your entire strategy and portfolio.
Remember that you’re in this for the long game, and that smart investing is about being patient and strategic, NOT trying to time the market.
Evaluate your portfolio
Take a look at your portfolio and ask yourself how your portfolio will fare if this inflationary environment lasts 2, 3, or even 5 years.*
(*Note: Historically in the U.S., it’s taken an average of slightly over two years — 27 months — for inflation to reach its ideal 2 percent target, as measured from the inflation rate at the start of a recession).
Know thyself
Start with the end in mind. Before you make changes to your portfolio, think about your investment goals, timelines, risk tolerance and risk capacity.
Fun fact!
If you’re interested in real estate investing, your next step is to check out my 2022 Real Estate Inflation & Recession Guide.
You’ll get answers to questions like…
– “How do rising interest rates affect real estate investing?”
– “If there’s a recession in 2022, will housing prices tank like they did in 2008?”
– “Can good deals still be found, or have I missed the boat?”
– “How should I set up my portfolio to handle inflation and a recession?”
Just let me know where I should send it…
What NOT to do
Don’t dump all your money into any asset that you’re not ready for.
Don’t panic-buy a house because you’re afraid of getting priced out of the market.
Don’t blow up your entire portfolio.
Don’t radically change your investing style, asset mix and timeline. Remember to think in decades; invest for the long-term.
Aim for balance and flexibility, and the right amount of liquidity for your lifestyle needs.
Thanks for reading!
If you have a friend or family member who could use some clarity about inflation, I’ll love you forever (as will they!) if you share this post with them.
And if you’re interested in real estate investing, be sure to check out my 2022 Real Estate Inflation & Recession Guide.
Welcome to NerdWallet’s Smart Money podcast, where we answer your real-world money questions.
This week’s episode starts with a round of Money Hot Takes.
Then we pivot to this week’s money question from Sean:
“Hey folks,
Huge fan of the podcast. I have been listening for years, but this is, I think, the first time I’m submitting a question and it’s a complicated one.
I currently work as an engineer for a municipal utility. As an engineer, I have some ability for job mobility. While I do like my job, I have thought about what it would take to draw me away from my job, and I have had trouble figuring out what a ‘godfather offer’ would need to be.
As a civil servant, I have great healthcare, a pension, job security and overtime if I work beyond my scheduled 40-hour workweek. In the private sector, I have more income potential, but I would lose a lot of these benefits and end up working a lot more hours. I’ve had some trouble figuring out how to evaluate some of these benefits, particularly the pension.
Thank you,
Check out this episode on either of these platforms:
Episode transcript
Sean Pyles: Hey, Liz, if you had a job that offered you a pension, would you still leave just because you were bored?
Liz Weston: Well, pensions are sweet, but I do like being challenged, so maybe.
Sean Pyles: All right, I’m going to say I wanted a yes or no answer, but I think that that’s OK. I just hope that you would at least stick around until you’re fully vested.
Liz Weston: Well, of course.
Sean Pyles: Yes. But in this episode, we answer a listener’s question who’s considering bailing on a pension.
Welcome to the NerdWallet Smart Money podcast, where you send us your money questions and we answer them with the help of our genius Nerds. I’m Sean Pyles.
Liz Weston: And I’m Liz Weston. Listeners, remember to send us your money questions. Maybe you’re wondering if now is a good time to buy up a bunch of gold or you’re wondering how far in advance you should book an international vacation. Whatever your questions, send it our way. Leave us a voicemail or text us on the Nerd hotline at 901-730-6373; that’s 901-730-N-E-R-D. You can also email us at [email protected]
Sean Pyles: In this episode, our co-host Sara Rathner and I answer a listener’s question about how to leave a job. But first, Liz and I are going to get mad because it’s time for another round of Money Hot Takes. This is our occasional segment where we rail against something that we just don’t like in the personal finance space. The goal is for us personally to blow off a little bit of steam and hopefully help our listeners make smarter decisions in a world full of scammers, fraudsters and phonies or sometimes just plain old misconceptions that can cost you money.
Liz Weston: Oh, I love this. This is going to be fun. OK, Sean, what do you have for us?
Sean Pyles: Today, I’m calling out the online, quote, unquote, “courses” that some influencers peddle to their followers. A lot of these classes aren’t providing you any information that you can’t get on your own for free, and the folks teaching them are often, shall we say, not exactly qualified. And a shoutout to Rebecca Jennings from Vox who wrote an article that so well articulates my feelings and concerns around these courses. We’ll have a link to that article in the show notes.
Liz Weston: So what’s in these courses, Sean?
Sean Pyles: Kind of everything that you can imagine you might want to improve upon. There are classes in things like how to use Excel. There are classes in how to get started investing or budgeting. There are even classes on how to make your own class to sell to people, which is a little meta.
Liz Weston: Of course, of course.
Sean Pyles: And the prices vary greatly. Some are under a hundred dollars; others are over a thousand dollars, maybe $2,000.
Liz Weston: Ooh, well, I think I know the answer to this question, but tell us why you don’t like them.
Sean Pyles: Well, as I mentioned at the outset, a lot of people are paying for information that they can get elsewhere for free. And again, many of these people have very questionable credentials. Sometimes the people who are teaching these classes are not actually experienced or qualified in what they’re telling you to do. And in fact, they’re just really good at marketing themselves, which I always have an issue with. People who seem just overly into marketing their own personality for the sake of getting money and attention on the internet.
Liz Weston: Yeah. And I imagine that could cause people not to go to good sources to get their information or leave them with a patchwork of incomplete information.
Sean Pyles: Exactly. They think that they’re getting everything they need to know about how to get started investing from one online class when in fact it might just be a small piece of the picture. Also, they can seem a little scammy to me. This is especially the case with classes around investing. Some will teach you how to invest and then maybe try to get you set up with investing during the class, and they’ll get you set up through a platform that also pays the influencer and affiliate commission, which seems like quite the conflict of interest there. And also, never mind the platform the influencer is peddling might not be the right one for you. So this person is getting money from you signing up for their class, and they’re also getting money from the company that they’re pushing on you as well, which I just don’t like.
Liz Weston: Now, I will say I like online courses in some cases because they help me get up to date or catch up on something I should have learned earlier, like Excel. The Excel courses were very helpful, but they’re not all bad. So how do you determine which are the better ones?
Sean Pyles: I’m with you, Liz. I am not an absolutist. In pretty much anything, there are plenty of great online classes. I’m a huge fan of Masterclass, for example. Not paid to say that; I just use their stuff a lot, but they are very well vetted. I think it’s important to vet your sources and to be selective about the type of information that you’re getting. Maybe a language course from someone who lives abroad and has learned a different language is something that you can more easily get into versus a class that’s about the secret to getting rich. Also, maybe don’t have this online course be the only source of information on the subject.
Liz Weston: Yes, maybe you could even come to a site, I don’t know, NerdWallet.
Sean Pyles: Yeah, we are a great alternative. And you know what? I think some folks might be thinking, “Hey, how is NerdWallet different from these online personal finance influencers or courses?” And to that, I have two words to say: journalistic rigor. Our content is deeply reported, edited, fact-checked, not to mention editorially independent, to ensure that the information that we’re giving is as accurate and consumer-first as possible.
Liz Weston: And if you need more personalized help with your money, there are plenty of professionals who can help you. Financial coaches can help you get a grip on your budget and financial goals. Accredited financial counselors can offer tools to wrangle your debt, and fee-only fiduciary financial planners are a solid choice if you need guidance on building your wealth.
Sean Pyles: Very well said, Liz. So that is my rant, and Liz, now you’re up.
Liz Weston: OK. This is really nerdy, Sean, but I am annoyed that people don’t understand how life expectancy works.
Sean Pyles: OK, you’re right. That is really nerdy. I’m going to need you to elaborate on what that even means and why it’s making you so mad.
Liz Weston: OK. This is important because understanding life expectancy is key to so many things about retirement planning, which is basically how long your retirement will last, right? So you need to know roughly your life expectancy so you can figure out when to take Social Security, and it probably can help you better understand all the debates about raising the retirement age. Remember when I was in Paris and they were setting fire to the garbage over there?
Sean Pyles: Yes.
Liz Weston: Yeah, that’s this debate. So I just read a New York Times article about the best age to retire, and it used the wrong number. It said the average life expectancy was 76 years.
Sean Pyles: OK, so you’re out here dragging the Gray Lady for being wrong, is that right?
Liz Weston: Sorry, hats off to The New York Times, lots of great reporting, but that’s the average U.S. life expectancy from birth. That factors in infant mortality and all the people who die young or young-ish from accidents or disease or whatever. That number is 76, by the way, because largely of all the COVID deaths, which is the reason that life expectancy has dropped a bit. But that number is pretty much irrelevant for retirement planning because the longer you survive, the longer you’re likely to survive. What matters is how much life you’re likely to have left when you get to retirement age. And at 62, which is the earliest age you can claim Social Security, the average man can expect to live until almost 81 and the average woman till 84. If you make it to 65, both men and women are likely to make it to their mid-80s. Now, your mileage may vary. Obviously, lifestyle, genetics, other factors come into play. Unfortunately, Black people tend to have shorter life expectancies. But the more income and education you have, the more years you can probably add to your life expectancy.
Sean Pyles: And I imagine this really matters when it comes to claiming Social Security.
Liz Weston: Oh, it’s so true. If you file early at 62, you are settling for a permanently reduced check. You’re giving up a lot of money because you’re likely to live well past the age when the larger checks that you would’ve gotten for waiting more than make up for the smaller checks you bypassed in the meantime. We talked to Nerd Tina Orem, and her calculator can show you your break-even age. And what’s more, if you’re the higher earner in a married couple, you’ve really done your spouse a disservice if you file early. And that’s because your benefit determines what your spouse gets to live on after you’re gone. So starting early means you’ve permanently reduced the survivor check that your spouse will have to live on for the rest of their lives.
Sean Pyles: Got it. OK. And that’s especially important for men to think about because women tend to outlive men.
Liz Weston: Yeah. And if you are a same-sex couple, again, it’s the higher earner that matters. So it’s something to keep in mind. The higher earner should delay as long as possible. And also, it can really help to use a calculator to estimate your own life expectancy. And there’s a really good one at livingto100.com.
Sean Pyles: Well, I think that we both feel a little bit better getting that out of our system. I don’t know about you, Liz.
Liz Weston: Yes, thank you. I do.
Sean Pyles: Great. Now let’s get on to this episode’s money question segment with co-host Sara Rathner.
Sara Rathner: This episode’s money question comes from the excellently named Sean, who sent us an email. “Hey folks, huge fan of the podcast.” Thank you. “I’ve been listening for years, but this is, I think, the first time I’m submitting a question and it’s a complicated one. I currently work as an engineer for a municipal utility. As an engineer, I have some ability for job mobility. While I do like my job, I have thought about what it would take to draw me away from my job. And I’ve had trouble figuring out what a, quote, unquote, ‘Godfather offer’ would need to be. As a civil servant, I have great healthcare, a pension, job security, and overtime if I work beyond my scheduled 40-hour work week. In the private sector, I have more income potential but I would lose a lot of these benefits and end up working a lot more hours. I’ve had some trouble figuring out how to evaluate some of these benefits, particularly the pension. Thank you, Sean.”
To help us answer Sean’s question, on this episode we’re joined by NerdWallet data writer Liz Renter. Welcome back to Smart Money, Liz.
Liz Renter: Thanks, Sara. I’m excited to be here.
Sean Pyles: So first, I think folks should understand the total value of work benefits because it extends well beyond the cash that you get. According to March 2023 data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, for government workers, benefits represent about 38% of compensation, compared with just under 30% for private-sector workers. As our listener knows, the benefits of government jobs are pretty cushy, and that can be really hard to give up.
Sara Rathner: That 30% to 38% figure might come as a surprise to you because I think when people are evaluating a job opportunity, there’s so much of a focus on the salary and maybe a bonus if that’s part of the deal. But if you’re thinking of leaving your current job, it is worth it to work to understand your total compensation, not just wages, but benefits as well. So listing out your benefits, like paid time off, access to resources like financial advisors or even discounted legal assistance, maybe some cold brew coffee on tap in the office kitchen.
Each of these has a specific value, but it can be pretty tedious to add it all up. Another big thing to think about are taxes. This is a bigger deal if you’re thinking of becoming a freelancer or a contract worker where you’d be on the hook for sorting out your own tax obligation. Based on what you figure out, you might decide whether or not you want to go down the freelancer or contractor route at all, or would you prefer to be a full-time employee at a company? Another big one, this is a really big one: health care.
Liz Renter: Huge.
Sara Rathner: Huge and so expensive. Definitely contact HR during the interview process, or when you have the offer and you have some time to think it over, to get the health care plan options and their pricing.
Liz Renter: Yeah. And I just want to interject, Sara, that’s a good point. If you’re talking to a potential employer or even your current employer about what the health care costs look like, how much they’re covering, keep in mind that employers get a heck of a discount on premiums. They get a group discount because they’re paying for multiple policies at once or helping to pay for multiple policies at once. So if self-employment is under consideration or a job that may not offer health insurance at all, your premiums are going to be much, much higher than what your employer would be paying in the situation where they’re helping to cover those costs.
Sara Rathner: Yes. And I have been in both boats and …
Liz Renter: Same.
Sara Rathner: … real expensive to be self-employed when it comes to health insurance coverage. And that was one of my reasons for not pursuing that for the remainder of my career if I can help it. But you know, you do you. And then also, here’s another one. There are all these extra benefits that really add up. Things like a monthly gym stipend or a cell phone stipend. A lot of remote workers get a home internet stipend as well. And the cost of these things can really offset the price of some of the things you might have been paying for out of pocket if you were previously at a job that didn’t provide this as a benefit.
Liz Renter: Right. And I think those things are far less likely in, like the listener wrote in about, a municipal job or a state government job. Unlikely you’re going to have a keg of cold brew in the kitchen unless you’re in a really affluent city and tax rates are pretty high. But you’re right, some of those things that you take for granted, the snacks and the catered lunches at private industry, really do add up. You can spend a lot of money on those yourself if you’re having to pay for them.
Sara Rathner: Yeah, you definitely see a lot of those benefits in the tech industry because they are just falling all over themselves to make these companies more attractive to job applicants than the tech company down the street. Literally down the street, depending on what city you’re in. And so if that’s an industry where you are weighing some job offers, then yeah, you’re going to see some pretty wild benefits that have a dollar value to them.
Sean Pyles: Well, that said, there is one benefit that you will maybe get at a municipality that a tech company is not really going to be offering you. And that is the pension benefit that our listener wrote in about. And I want to give a quick rundown of how pensions work because they’re pretty incredible and they’re unfortunately not very common. So pensions are typically employer funded. That means the employer is putting in money, which is great. So the amount folks get in retirement depends on wages earned and how long they worked for the company or, in this case for our listener, a municipality.
Then upon retirement, someone who has access to a pension, they get payouts, typically for life. You generally do have to work at an organization for a set amount of time to get full access to the payouts. That’s called being fully vested. But once you’re fully vested, you can leave that job and still get access to the pension benefits upon retirement. So, so cool. I really wish I had a pension. Now, like I mentioned, pensions are really rare nowadays. So again, pensions are a very sweet benefit to have, and I would think very hard about losing that, especially if you’re not fully vested.
Liz Renter: Yeah, absolutely, Sean. And the listener wrote in about putting a dollar figure on their pension. So I just want to know that that’s an extremely difficult thing to do without a lot of details, and a lot of time, and a big spreadsheet and a calculator. Anyways, when you’re thinking about how long you’ve been at a job, how much your employer’s putting in, what the specifics are about vesting and if you decide to leave that government job, to leave your pension, and what would it take to create something comparable yourself? So there’s a lot of numbers involved, a lot of time frames, a lot of assumptions. So this is one instance where we would say, “If you really want to get precise on that measurement, it might make sense to consult with a certified financial planner who can put the dollar amount on those things.”
Sean Pyles: You’d likely want to talk with a CFP who maybe has some gray in their hair and who has done this before since figuring out pensions can be so complicated.
Liz Renter: Right. Yeah, exactly.
Sara Rathner: And honestly, if you have a financial planner that you already have a working relationship with, I mean, job hunting is an excellent time to have a check-in with them in general, and they might even help you wade through competing job offers or even just the comparison of a job offer to what you’re currently working in. And they can help you work through all the financial considerations of those options. And so that is a great way to utilize their assistance.
So let’s get to the other part of a listener’s question. The mushier stuff that folks should consider if they find themselves itching to leave a job. To start, they should ask themselves, what’s behind this urge? Are they bored, unhappy, unfulfilled? Are they upset because there’s no cold brew in the break room and they really want that?
Liz Renter: Yeah, this is key, Sara. I think there’s so many considerations when you’re thinking about a career move. And I had two really major career changes in my younger years. It’s over the past 20 years, but they were really pretty close together when I was in my late 20s. One when I moved from state government to private industry, and then a few years later, I went from private industry to self-employment. So those are pretty big changes. And in each of those changes, I was weighing different motivations. In one case, it was more about the money and advancement, and in the other case, it was more about what’s really going to make me happy long term? And so I think really diving into why and what your motivations are for leaving or staying, and getting clear on those before you start weighing your options, is a good place to start.
Sean Pyles: To what extent did you have that conversation with yourself or maybe with those around you around, “OK, if I leave this job, I might be making a little bit less, but I will be that much happier.” Or, “If I go to this job, I’ll be making a good amount more, but it’s going to be a boring job.” How did you think about those things?
Liz Renter: It’s tough. I probably had limited discussions. So as a single mom, it was just me and my daughter at the time, who was probably 4 when I made the first job change, maybe 7 when I made the second job change. So there weren’t a lot of people for me to toss these ideas around with. And I’m an extremely private person, but these were conversations I was having with myself. And in the first job going from state government to private industry, I realized in state government that, yes, the paycheck is steady, the benefits are nice, but I really love to work hard.
And in my experience, this government job, you were rewarded for how long you were there, not how well you were doing. And that was tough to deal with, and it really bred apathy among the people around me. I wanted to be somewhere where I could work hard and that would be recognized. So that’s not to say that all government workers are taking naps at their desk. That definitely wasn’t my experience, but personally, I wasn’t being recognized for the hard work that I was doing, and that was really important to me.
Sean Pyles: Right. That makes sense.
Liz Renter: And so that one was really more about the professional rewards of working. And then the second one, it was more about the trade-offs. Am I willing to give up some of those professional rewards to really fulfill my personal life? So as I said, my daughter was really young at the time, I was dropping her off early in the morning, I was picking her up after work, sometimes 12 hours later. And the job was paying more than my state government job, but I definitely felt like I was punching a clock and I wasn’t fulfilled, and I totally could not see myself doing that for years upon years. And I knew leaving that job meant I would absolutely take a decrease in pay, at least in the short term, as I got on my feet as a self-employed freelance writer. But when I balanced that against what was really important to me and what was going to make me happy and make me feel good about the way I was living my life, it was a no-brainer.
Sara Rathner: Yeah. I’ve known people who’ve switched jobs out of boredom and ended up regretting it, actually, because the reason they were bored at their previous job was they’d done it for a while and it became rote. But they realized leaving for a greater challenge meant giving up maybe some of the work-life balance and predictability that came with a job that was quote, unquote, “boring,” and they had to make pretty big structural changes to how they operated at home with their household, with their family, to accommodate the new challenges of a new career.
Sean Pyles: Kind of goes back to the idea that it’s not what decision you make, it’s what you do with the decision that you make. If you do leave a job that you’re bored at and you find that your next gig isn’t quite what you wanted it to be, there are going to be other opportunities later on.
Sara Rathner: Yeah.
Liz Renter: I think that’s a good point. When I went into freelancing and I knew I was going to take a pay cut and I was banking on turning that around in a year or two, I always had that in the back of my head like, “OK, worst-case scenario, I’ll get a part-time job for when my daughter’s in school,” or, “Worst worst-case scenario, I’ll go back to working full time.” With a reassessment of maybe I find something that’s closer to home so there’s less of a commute, what have you. But I think knowing that, “OK, I’ve thought through why I want to do it. I know this is the move I want to make, but just in case, I have these outs and these would be perfectly acceptable if things didn’t work out once I make this decision.”
Sean Pyles: Yeah. And I think your experience demonstrates how important it is to think through various scenarios. What could you fall back on if you do need to make a change after this job switch maybe doesn’t pan out how you thought it was going to.
Liz Renter: Right. I think if you’re planning well enough in advance, if you’re sitting around listening to this podcast thinking about, “Well, I’ve been thinking maybe I’m not happy where I am and maybe I should be considering this,” now’s a great time to make sure that, and I know we talk about this a lot on podcast, but make sure that your emergency fund is in place. Maybe cushion it a little bit more. You want to set these guardrails for, OK, sometimes we make decisions with what we think is all the right information and it turns not to work out the way we expected. So if you have those extra guardrails up, just in case, it can make you feel more secure moving forward with your decision when it’s time.
Sara Rathner: Yeah. And keep your professional network warm. Because it is a risk to take a new job, and sometimes you take a new job and hate it immediately, and you’re like, “I’m just going to job hunt again.” And so by keeping that network warm, by staying in touch with old co-workers or friends or relatives who maybe have some professional connections that would be helpful to you, you still also have an out. Not just financially, but also professionally where you’re still open to hearing about opportunities. Because if the jump that you made ended up being a pretty bad bet, then you’re still pursuing other places you could go and you haven’t closed off all the doors to that.
Sean Pyles: Well, now I want to talk about the counterpoint. About when it actually might be a good idea to stick around at a job. Conventional wisdom, at least among millennials, is that you shouldn’t stay at a job for too long because you’ll probably be able to earn more money going to a different job after a couple years. But sometimes staying at a job for potentially several years can be the best choice for people. So let’s discuss that. Liz, you’ve been at NerdWallet nine years, so what’s kept you around and how do you think about that sort of equation?
Liz Renter: So it’s interesting to think back at how this has changed over the generations because, definitely my grandparents to a certain extent and a little bit my parents as well, those generations you were rewarded for just staying where you were. You get a good job with good benefits and you don’t leave for 50 years, and then they throw you this big party. And that’s changed over the years where there’s more mobility and we can experience different opportunities. And I think there’s room for both of that. A little bit of each. So if you are the type that really wants to be loyal to a single company and wants that stability and you’re happy with what you’re getting paid, you don’t have to keep chasing 5% salary increases at other companies. That’s not a requirement. If you’re good where you are, you like your work and you’re working towards your long-term financial goals, that’s totally acceptable. You don’t have to get in on this hustle life.
Sean Pyles: That can also be a good way to approach things, given that the macroeconomic conditions right now are a little shaky. Many companies still have the policy of last in, first out when it comes to layoffs. So for this year in particular, it might not be a bad idea to stick around if you do like the job that you have.
Liz Renter: Right. People are still leaving their jobs at really high rates, but they’re getting into new jobs at really high rates. The unemployment rate hasn’t ticked up, which means people that are leaving their jobs aren’t filing for unemployment, they’re going elsewhere. So that’s a positive sign if you do want to change jobs. But to your point, Sean, there is a lot of uncertainty, and if you’re risk intolerant, it might make sense to sit tight for a while and see how things shake out.
Sean Pyles: Well, Liz, do you have any final thoughts for those who might be thinking about switching jobs right now?
Liz Renter: I would say, yes, it’s as complicated as you think it is. I envision it as you’ve got all of these scales in front of you that you’re trying to balance and you’re trying to figure out, “OK, if I take away this much of my work-life balance, how much salary do I have to add to make it worthwhile?” Or, “If I take away the cold brew in the kitchen, how much of a cell phone stipend do I need to add to make it worthwhile?” So there’s all these scales you’re trying to balance here, and it’s a lot to think about. So you just do the best you can, set up some guardrails just in case things don’t go well.
Sean Pyles: And maybe take your time making a decision. Don’t rush into anything too hastily. Otherwise, the scales may just collapse and go crazy.
Sean Pyles: All right, well thank you so much for talking with us, Liz.
Liz Renter: Thanks for having me again.
Sean Pyles: All right, and with that, let’s get into our takeaway tips. Sara, will you please start us off?
Sara Rathner: Sure. First, know what you’re getting. Compensation can include a lot more than the cash you get. Understand your total compensation ahead of any job hunt.
Sean Pyles: Next up, go beyond the math. Jobs are about a lot more than the money. Consider things like personal fulfillment and work-life balance when weighing other job options.
Sara Rathner: Finally, there’s nothing wrong with sticking around. If you’re fulfilled and well compensated in your current position, staying put might be your best option.
Sean Pyles: And that is all we have for this episode. Do you have a money question of your own? Turn to the Nerds and call or text us your questions at 901-730-6373. That’s 901-730-N-E-R-D. You can also email us at [email protected] Visit nerdwallet.com/podcast for more info on this episode. And remember to follow, rate and review us wherever you’re getting this podcast.
Sara Rathner: And here’s our brief disclaimer. We are not financial or investment advisors. This nerdy info is provided for general educational and entertainment purposes and may not apply to your specific circumstances.
Sean Pyles: This episode was produced by Liz Weston, Tess Vigeland and myself. Kaely Monahan mixed our audio. And a big thank-you as always to the folks on the NerdWallet copy desk. And with that said, until next time, turn to the Nerds.
The Federal Trade Commission filed a single response to both Black Knight and Intercontinental Exchange, asking a judge to strike the constitutionality and separation of powers claims they raised in their respective April 25 filings.
Those claims are “impertinent” and “immaterial” to the matter at hand, the FTC filing made on May 16 argued. The case is being heard in the Federal District Court for the Northern District of California and was assigned to Judge Araceli Martinez-Olguin.
In those responses, both Black Knight and ICE raised eight common defenses to the FTC’s claims seeking to halt the merger. Those are the arguments the FTC is seeking to have an immediate ruling on. Additional defenses have been raised that were not addressed in this newest filing.
The FTC filed for an administrative proceeding in March seeking to halt the merger, based on alleged dominance in the loan origination system and product and pricing engine areas, but only went to federal court to get an injunction one month later. Prior to the March filing, Black Knight agreed to sell its Empower LOS to Constellation Software and has argued that would address any concerns the FTC raised.
ICE and Black Knight in their respective April answers filed a single count counterclaim that also raises the constitutionality arguments.
“First, [ICE and Black Knight] concede that the constitutional issues they have raised as counterclaims are not required to decide the FTC’s request for a preliminary injunction,” the motion stated. Under the Federal Rule of Civil Procedure, that alone meets the standards for impertinence and immateriality.
“Second, even putting aside Defendants’ counterclaims and concession, the constitutional defenses are ‘impertinent’ and ‘immaterial’ to the issues the Ninth Circuit has held that a court needs to resolve in deciding whether to grant an FTC claim to preliminarily enjoin a merger.”
The Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals is the higher court for the Northern District of California and its rulings apply in this matter. That prior case involved the FTC and Meta Platforms.
Black Knight and ICE also raised “bare statements of legal conclusions that fail to meet the required pleading standards,” the FTC said as a third consideration for the court for it to throw out their defenses.
ICE and Black Knight did not respond to a request for comment by press time.