The Federal Trade Commission has stopped a pair of student loan debt relief schemes that it says bilked students out of approximately $12 million by using deceptive claims about repayment programs and loan forgiveness that did not exist. The agency alsosays the companies falsely claimed to be or be affiliated with the Department of Education and told students that the illegal payments the companies collected would count towards their loans.
The FTC notes that one of the companies and its owners also violated the COVID-19 Consumer Protection Act by misrepresenting that their program was part of the CARES Act or a similar COVID-19 relief program.
“As Americans struggle with massive student loan debt and uncertainty around the prospect of forgiveness, scammers are looking to cash in,” said Samuel Levine, Director of FTC’s Bureau of Consumer Protection. “These lawsuits to shut down student loan debt relief schemes continue the agency’s crackdown on junk fees, unwanted calls, and financial exploitation.”
According to the FTC’s complaints,since at least 2019, SL Finance LLC and its owners Michael Castillo and Christian Castillo, and BCO Consulting Services Inc. and SLA Consulting Services Inc. and their owners Gianni Olilang, Brandon Clores, Kishan Bhakta, and Allan Radamhave lured consumers looking to pay down their student loans, many of whom are low-income borrowers saddled with tens of thousands of dollars of student debt, into paying hundreds to thousands of dollars in illegal upfront fees. According to the complaints, the defendants tricked consumers into believing they were enrolled in a legitimate loan repayment program, that their loans would be forgiven in whole or in part, and that most or all of consumers’ payments to the companies would be applied to their loan balances. In reality, the defendants were pocketing students’ payments, according to the FTC’s complaint.
The agency also charges that the defendants falsely claimed to be or be affiliated with the Department of Education, and that they would take over servicing for students’ loans. Both complaints note that the misrepresentations by defendants about their purported debt relief services violated Section 5 of the FTC Act and the Telemarketing Sales Rule (TSR). Both complaints also note that the companies have violated the TSR by collecting advance fees for debt relief services and violated the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act by using deceptive tactics to obtain consumers’ financial information. Lastly, SL Finance LLC and its owners violated the TSR by calling consumers who had signed up for the Do Not Call Registry and by failing to pay required Do Not Call Registry fees.
After the FTC filed complaints seeking to end the deceptive practices, a federal court temporarily halted the two schemes and froze the assets of SL Finance LLC and its owners and BCO Consulting and SLA Consulting and their owners.
The Commission votes authorizing the staff to file the complaints were 3-0. The U.S. District Court for the Central District of California entered temporary restraining orders in the two cases on May 2, 2023 and May 3, 2023.
Steve Rhode is the Get Out of Debt Guy and has been helping good people with bad debt problems since 1994. You can learn more about Steve, here.
As housing affordability wanes, mortgage lenders have gotten increasingly creative to help borrowers qualify.
The latest innovative product is “Movement Boost,” a zero-down FHA loan offered by South Carolina-based Movement Mortgage.
Instead of requiring a minimum 3.5% down payment, home buyers can take out a repayable second mortgage that covers those funds and closing costs if needed.
This means a home buyer doesn’t need any cash to close in some cases, which often proves to be a roadblock.
Read on to learn more about the new loan program.
How Movement Boost Works
Movement Boost takes the standard FHA loan and supercharges it by removing the 3.5% down payment requirement.
Instead, borrowers wind up with a first and second mortgage, the latter covering the down payment and up to 1.5% in closing costs if necessary.
The first mortgage is set at 96.5% of the purchase price, with the remaining 3.5% funded via a repayable second lien.
This second lien features a mortgage rate 2% above that of the first mortgage. And the loan term is 10 years.
For example, if you purchased a $300,000 home, you’d take out a first mortgage at $289,500.
You’d typically need $10,500 to make the minimum down payment of 3.5%.
But with Movement Boost, that $10,500 could be financed via a second mortgage. Additionally, you could tack on another 1.5% ($4,500) for closing costs.
Let’s pretend the interest rate on the first mortgage is set at 6.5%. That would make the second mortgage rate 8.5%.
This would result in a monthly payment of $130.18 if the loan amount were $10,500. Or $185.98 if you took out a larger $15,000 loan to cover closing costs also.
While you’d have to make two monthly mortgage payments, the tradeoff would be $10,500 to $15,000 more dollars in your pocket.
Movement Boost Guidelines
Home purchase loan for first-time and repeat buyers
Must be a primary residence
Single-family homes, 2-unit properties, condos, and manufactured homes permitted
Minimum 620 FICO score (640 for manufactured homes)
Maximum DTI ratio of 50%
Can finance down payment and up to 1.5% in closing costs
Available in all states except for New York
As noted, Movement Boost is an option for a home buyer looking to take out an FHA loan who wants/needs help with the down payment and possibly closing costs too.
This means you need to be a home buyer, though both first-timers and repeat buyers are eligible.
Additionally, a minimum 620 FICO is required and the maximum DTI ratio is 50%.
In terms of allowable property types, single-family homes, condos, two-unit properties, and manufactured homes are permitted.
If it’s a manufactured home, you need a minimum FICO score of 640.
In all cases, the property must be your primary residence, the one you intend to live in full time throughout the year.
Those who wish to come in with a larger down payment can also apply gift funds from an acceptable source.
The new product is available nationwide in all states except for New York.
Who Is Movement Boost Designed For?
Simply put, Movement Boost is geared toward the home buyer who lacks a down payment. Or one who doesn’t want to lock up all their cash in a property.
It combines a low-down payment FHA loan with down payment assistance to provide zero down home loan financing.
The program is part of Movement Mortgage’s Grab The Key initiative, which focuses on helping more underserved communities tap into homeownership.
By financing the down payment instead of paying it at closing, borrowers can deploy their money elsewhere. Or continue to build up their reserves while owning a property.
The caveat is that the borrower must qualify for two mortgages instead of one. However, the loan amount on the second mortgage will be comparatively small.
And as seen in our example, may only set the borrower back $100-$200 per month. It also features a shorter payback period, which allows the homeowner to build equity faster.
As always, be sure to compare all available loan options with multiple banks, brokers, lenders, and local credit unions.
Also ask yourself if you’re ready for homeownership if you lack the minimum down payment required.
It’s generally advisable to have several months of reserves set aside so you can continue to make payments if facing some kind of hardship.
Of course, financing the down payment instead of paying it upfront may allow you to set aside those funds.
Lastly, be sure to compare the pros and cons of an FHA loan vs. conventional loan to see which is best for your situation.
One downside to an FHA loan is that the mortgage insurance remains in force for the life of the loan.
Movement Mortgage was a top-30 mortgage lender in 2022, funding about $23 billion during the year.
Read more: Rocket Mortgage Launches a 1% Down Home Loan
By Contributing Author8 Comments – The content of this website often contains affiliate links and I may be compensated if you buy through those links (at no cost to you!). Learn more about how we make money. Last edited August 24, 2012.
Have you refinanced your mortgage in the past year or so? If you haven’t refinanced yet, are you thinking about doing it? If so, you may want to get started now, and here’s why…
Rates Are At All-Time Lows
Mortgage rates are currently at the lowest levels in recorded history. If you’re waiting for better rates, they may never get better than they are right now. It isn’t that they couldn’t go lower—they can. But the historic expected return on long-term fixed investments is 3 percent, plus an allowance for risk (default).
Since 30 year fixed rate mortgages are only a little above three percent now, the chance of it going any lower is remote. And if it did, it would only drop fractionally. At these levels, rates will no longer drop by full percentage points—they’re already too close to the ground.
The flip side of a rate move is that there’s plenty of room for mortgage rates to rise. At such low levels as now they may drop fractionally, but they can very easily move up in whole percentage points and maybe even a few of them.
Right now, a lot of people are sitting with 5-6% mortgage rates wondering if they should refinance now. With rates below 4% refinancing makes sense. But an upward move of just 1% would effectively close the refinance window and possibly for a long time.
Advantages Of Refinancing
Most often, when homeowners refinance their mortgages they do it to lower their payments. That’s a good enough reason by itself, after all, the less money you have to pay on your monthly mortgage payment, the more you have available for everything else.
But lower interest rates even by themselves may be a compelling reason to refinance, even if they don’t result in a radically lower monthly payment.
A lower interest rate means less of your monthly house payment is going toward interest, and that’s important because interest is a pure expense. A lower rate also means that more of the payment is going toward principal, and that’s equally important because principal builds home equity—and that’s an asset.
Take Advantage Of Low Rates To Pay Off Your Mortgage Sooner
One of the advantages that refinancing to a lower rate provides is an increased ability to pay off your mortgage faster. We just touched on how lower rates translate into more of your monthly payment going to principal reduction, but that’s just the start of what can be done.
If you can combine the lower rate with a shorter loan term, you can cut years off your mortgage. But a lower monthly payment can also enable you to make additional principal payments that will also shorten your loan term.
Let’s say that in refinancing you lower your monthly payment by $150 per month; if instead of settling comfortably into the new, lower payment you continue making the old payment amount. All of the additional $150 will go into principal reduction. That will take at least a few years off your mortgage.
How To Avoid The Biggest Refinance Mistake
If your plan is to payoff your mortgage faster as a result of the refinance, there’s one common trap that you want to avoid.
Many homeowners, anxious to lower their monthly house payment, recast the new loan back to the original term. If they have 25 years remaining on a 30 year mortgage, they refinance the new loan as a 30 year term as well. With that action, they’re back to square one on their mortgage—30 years to go.
They’ve effectively converted their mortgage into a 35 year loan—30 years for the new loan plus the five years they’ve already paid on the old one. That will have the exact opposite effect on paying off your mortgage faster.
If you do refinance, be sure that the term of your new mortgage does not exceed the remaining term of the current mortgage. If you started with a 30 year loan, and have 20 years remaining, your new mortgage should be 20 years, not 30.
Are you thinking of refinancing your mortgage? What’s keeping you from doing it now?
Kevin Mercadante is professional personal finance blogger, and the owner of his own personal finance blog, OutOfYourRut.com. He has backgrounds in both accounting and the mortgage industry. He lives in Atlanta with his wife and two teenage kids and can be followed on Twitter at @OutOfYourRut.
When I’m planning a vacation, I usually pick up a copy of a “cheap and free” guidebook that lists inexpensive attractions and secret-gem restaurants. A couple of weeks ago, I was visiting my friend Frank, who is a recent transplant to the East coast, and he saw my guidebook. “I need something like that so I know what inexpensive stuff there is to do in my own town.”
Which made me think, so do I!
When I’m visiting some other city, I usually have a list of free attractions or inexpensive, Zagat-approved restaurants, but I can’t really name places like that that are in my hometown. That’s not because I’m a big spender when I’m at home, it’s because my husband and I love to cook, so we rarely eat at restaurants, and we live in the country, so it’s just easier to stream a Netflix movie than to drive to the theater. Nevertheless, sometimes we have company over and want to show them around or we feel like getting out of the house, and it’d be nice to have a budget-friendly guide to our town.
But we don’t live in New York City. We don’t even live in a mid-sized city — we live 30 minutes outside of one. So until Frommer’s gets around to writing a book about our little town (which will be never), finding inexpensive entertainment isn’t as easy as buying a guidebook.
Undeterred, I started a list of resources where I could learn more about free and cheap attractions, things to do, and restaurants in any town, large or small. Here’s what I found:
Google “Free things to do in [your city]”. Yes, it’s obvious, but someone has already made a list of ideas for your city, even if it’s a blink-and-you’ll miss kind of town. Your luck here will vary, though. The first list that popped up on my search had some lame ones — why is a pediatric center in a neighboring city on a list of fun things to do in my town? But it also had some good ideas, like visiting an 80,000-year-old living cave.
Check out travel sites. Here’s another one where your results will vary, but it’s worth a search. I was surprised to find attractions and restaurants listed for my town on TripAdvisor, but there wasn’t much, and the search results didn’t turn up anything new or particularly exciting. If you live in a mid-sized or large city, travel sites will probably yield better results for you.
Research at the library. The library is always a good place to begin a search for things that are free! Everyone knows you can checkout books and DVDs, but hunt for the “events calendar” either online or in person. Most of the activities I found at my library were for kids, like book clubs, art classes, story time, and Bow Wow Reading Dogs, a reading program that uses dog therapy to help below-grade-level readers improve their skills. For adults, there was a GED class, computer classes, a knitting group, and a program called Travel Talks that’s all about traveling — from planning a trip and getting a passport to what to take and when to go.
Search for a local parks and recreation site. One of the goals of of my town’s parks and recreation program is to “enhance the quality of life” for its citizens. I discovered a list of upcoming events on the website, such as movies in the park, a kite festival, free Zumba classes, and a very active senior citizens group that plans events like wine tasting and picnics. The department even has its own Facebook page (sometimes I underestimate our town!), which is another way to keep up with upcoming events.
Go to your state’s parks and wildlife website. Most state sites provide a map of parks with a list of sites and recreational activities to help you plan your visit. Whether you want to rent kayaks or go fishing, you can probably find a nearby park that will accommodate.
Subscribe to local ‘zines. We have a local paper called Impact News that’s a great resource for new restaurants and events in our area. (You can search for local blogs if you don’t have a paper that specifically covers your community.) For example, in the last issue there was a story about new bakery in my area that offers daily lunch specials (and included a coupon for a free coffee when you buy a pastry). There’s also an event calendar in the paper and online, with free or cheap activities like fun runs and special open-air markets.
Browse The Historical Marker Database. My little town isn’t in the history books, but that doesn’t mean nothing ever happened here! One interesting site I read about in the database was the spot where 30 people were massacred by a band of Comanche Indians. There’s also a historical site nearby where the a skeleton of a prehistoric woman was found, the earliest intact burial uncovered in the United States. Try searching for your town’s historical markers — there might be a site or two worth a visit.
Seek out the arts (but enjoy high-culture for less). Our own Donna Freedman covered this topic thoroughly, so if you missed it, take a look. My town might not have museums or a ballet company, but the city nearby does, and there are a lot of ways to enjoy these activities on a budget.
It’s natural to get excited about traveling somewhere new, but obviously there’s a lot I haven’t explored in my own backyard, or my neighboring backyards! And just like the destination cities I’ve visited, there’s plenty for a “budget traveler” to do right here. In fact, after browsing the Texas State Park and Wildlife site, I’m feeling the urge to kayak some unexplored (by me) waters.
How much do you know about budget-friendly attractions in your own town? Do you have other places you go to learn about new, inexpensive activities and restaurants?
This post may contain affiliate links, which helps us to continue providing relevant content and we receive a small commission at no cost to you. As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases. Please read the full disclosure here.
Empower Personal Wealth, LLC (“EPW”) compensates Money Bliss for new leads. Money Bliss is not an investment client of Personal Capital Advisors Corporation or Empower Advisory Group, LLC.
You are looking for the best investment app to help you save money, but all of them seem too complicated. You want something that is simple, easy to use, helpful, and even better if the app is free.
Empower is an online service for tracking your finances. Before a merger, the company began in 2009, and to this day it has been growing exponentially with a user base of over two million people.
Personal Capital is now Empower.
The app works on desktop as well as mobile devices, giving users the ability to track their spending easily wherever they go.
Empower also offers a suite of tools that help you get out more information about how you are using your money so that you can make better financial decisions.
On this Empower review, we will focus on what they do well, how it works for those who use it, and where Empower could improve.
Don’t forget… here is a list of all of the budgeting apps on the market.
If you are looking for an easier way to monitor your financials and see how healthy your finances really are, then you may want to check out what Empower has to offer.
What is Empower?
Empower is an online tool for tracking your finances.
It has been called the best financial app out there, and I agree with that statement. But, I personally use it as one of the money management tools to help guide our financial decisions.
I have used Empower to track my investments for over six years now, which probably makes me a bit of an expert on this topic because I use it on a regular basis.
Overall, Empower is a financial planning and wealth management tool that users can use to manage their net worth. The product offers tools for managing investments, retirement, debt payoff, and other personal finance goals.
How does it work?
First of all, Empower is a FREE app that helps you keep track of all your accounts. It can help you to invest better and did we mention… it is free to use!
To get the most out of this app, you’ll have to link each of your financial accounts one by one so that Empower can learn how you spend money.
It takes a couple of minutes to create an account and verify your identity.
The longest step is linking accounts to the Empower app. Just make sure you do this step within 7 days to get the most out of the app.
Features of Empower
The features of Empower include the ability to visualize your overall financial picture, keep track of your investments in a dashboard, and see which companies you are invested in.
Most people associate Empower as one of the best tools to help with investing, like a stock screener and an investment calculator.
But, there are many great features available for free including:
Net Worth Planner
Retirement Planner
Fee Analyzer
Cash Flow Management
Savings Planner
Budgeting
College Savings Planner
Investment Checkup
Pros and Cons of Empower
First of all, Empower is free to use. So, you might as well test drive the system and check out if the Empower app fits what you are looking for.
Just like any of the Empower reviews will tell you, there are positives and negatives with every type of money management app available.
You just have to decide the most important features for you. As well as what you are willing to pay.
Pros of Empower:
Free portfolio management tool.
Good for new investors who want a free-to-use tool with minimal features.
Easy to use and can be accessed on multiple platforms.
Can track investments across multiple accounts.
Tracks over 23,000 securities and over 1,000 mutual funds. – check
Offers a free app for on-the-go access.
Offers in-depth analysis and investment research on stocks, bonds, and ETFs.
Cloud-based platform
Free to use!
Cons of Empower:
Sales call from staff
Wealth management service is more expensive than a traditional advisor or simply investing in index funds.
High wealth management fee
Unable to reconcile your bank statements with Empower, but since they are coming from your bank directly, they should already be in sync.
No credit health information
Budgeting Tool needs improvement
Limited transaction management and budgeting
No import option for transactions from any platform including YNAB, Quicken or Mint
Cloud-based platform
Many people report that the Empower app requires $100,000 in investment assets to be eligible. That is untrue. In fact, it works best for those who have at least $100k in some form of investments – 401k, IRA, brokerage accounts, or even cash!
Empoweris incredibly easy to use and has helpful financial planning tools.
Overall, it is one of the many great tools to help further push you to financial freedom.
Empower Pricing
While Empower is free to access personal finance tools, it does come at a small price of annoyance.
Empower is free
Empower is a free online portfolio platform that helps people save and invest their money. It offers tools to track net worth, create investment plans, compare retirement accounts, view savings goals and cash flow, and more.
This is the great part of using this app!
The downside is to make these dashboards free is they are trying to entice you to move to their wealth management services.
You do not need to invest your money with Empower to use this platform.
It is best to keep everything invested where it currently is and use their free tools to analyze and make the necessary changes.
As such, once you sign up, you will receive calls on a reoccurring basis offering you a free analysis. There is no pressure to do this. Once you have said no enough times, they will stop calling you.
For those under $1 million in investable assets, their fee is 0.89%.
As you can read in this book, there are many ways to invest yourself without paying that fee.
In fact, this is my favorite book explaining how much harder and longer you have to work by paying someone a 1% wealth management fee.
However, for a small percentage of people, this may be a more cost-effective way of receiving professional advice, as it eliminates hidden costs from this type of service.
Empower Tools
Empower is a financial management platform that provides tools to help individuals manage their personal finances. The platform offers tools for portfolio tracking, performance analysis, and retirement planning. The company also provides its users with educational resources on financial topics.
Under their free dashboard, these are the tools you can use for free.
Net Worth Calculator
This simple tool will keep track of your net worth. Very simple and always available.
Know where you stand, by downloading the free app to see your true net worth in real-time.
Understanding your personal financial statement is important.
Savings Planner
One of the most asked questions is how much I need to save for:
Retirement
Emergency Fund
To Pay Down Debt
Calculate how much to save each year with a 70% chance of reaching your retirement goals. Learn how much you are currently savings and how much you need to start saving.
Cash Flow
Cash flow is the amount of cash available for expenses at a certain time. This term used in personal finance describes the rate at which one’s income and expenses change over time.
The Cash Flow tool is easy to use because Empower automatically tracks deposits and spending. The time saver feature allows users to see their cash flow, balance sheet, net worth, asset allocation over a period of time.
Cash flow is a budgeting tool that offers limited information on spending. It provides a second check when using another program that gives you more details like Quicken or Simplfi.
Retirement Planner
This is the #1 reason I recommend Empower especially if you are looking to stay away from a financial planner.
Trying to figure out how much you need for retirement by yourself seems like picking a random number from the sky.
The retirement planner is used by millions of people to figure out how on track they are for retirement. Plus get tips on what they can do to improve their chances of success.
Budgeting
Budgeting is a method of allocating financial resources by identifying and evaluating needs, prioritizing them in order to meet goals, and monitoring the achievement of those goals.
Empower includes a budgeting section to help you set monthly spending targets and track your spending. They automatically import the information from linked accounts such as checking, savings, and credit card statements.
Using their free online financial dashboard, allows you to track your spending and investments. There are interactive charts, graphs, pie-charts, and even widgets. All to make sure your budgeting is on track.
Investment Checkup
This portfolio analysis is the process of measuring performance and risk in order to develop a strategy for capital allocation. The goal of portfolio analysis is to improve return on investment, which can be achieved by increasing return on assets, decreasing the risk of losses, or reducing the variance.
The Empower app lets you explore your entire portfolio visually. It also provides asset allocation tools and tax optimization tools to help manage a person’s financial life.
Fee Analyzer
A fee analyzer helps people to determine the annual fees they are paying in their retirement plan.
401K Analyzer also calculates how much your retirement is costing you and provides a breakdown of any hidden fees that may be present within mutual funds with which it has been linked. This Retirement Planner tool uses assumptions about account holdings and investment behavior for calculating expenses against an estimated portfolio value.
Consequently, these fees add up over time and will drastically put a drag on your portfolio and reduce your retirement savings.
Empower Dashboard is Free
Just remember, you do not need to hire an advisor to use the platform.
Empower is a free tool for individual investors.
Empower provides users with access to all of the above-mentioned advanced tools for free. In addition, they offer free financial advice through their blog and social media pages.
It allows users to track their investments and get a personalized financial plan. The service also offers apps for iOS and Android devices, which makes it easy to manage finances on the go.
Empower Wealth Management Review of Services
In addition to offering free financial tools, Empower provides wealth management services.
You get to work one-on-one with an advisor who will give you personalized advice based on your situation.
They help you to invest, save money and track your financial goals.
Their advisors start by determining your risk tolerance and goals in order to construct the best personal financial plan for you.
If you are interested in getting a better understanding of your financial situation, Empower is an excellent option. It gives users the tools to understand their investments, budgets, and cash flow all with one app.
All it requires is that you sign up for free without any obligations or commitments from them whatsoever. You do not have to agree to use their wealth management program.
Personally, I cannot comment on an Empower advisor review as I have not used this service personally.
Empower Investment Strategy
The Empower investment strategy is a simple way to invest your money for the long-term.
This means that you will be able to retire and live a comfortable life without any concern about how you will be able to live.
They employ the tactic called Smart Weighting because they invest equally across all sectors and industries, which can provide diverse returns with minimal risk. The best part of this strategy is it’s easy to use as Empower has created an interface that makes portfolio management simple for users on any device or platform.
Empower’s software is able to identify tax-loss harvesting opportunities (opportunities where the investor sells an investment after it has fallen in value and pays fewer taxes than if the sale had occurred earlier) than investing on their own.
In addition, Empower invests passively for cost efficiency which means that they don’t take any active management into account.
The best part about Empower and one of the key areas I prefer, is they include socially responsible investments as well as an investment strategy to fit any budget.
They identify which companies are doing good work for society and invest in them accordingly. This feature makes personal finance much more interesting and easier than ever before!
Wealth Management Tiers
Many people invest in various financial services and products, such as mutual funds or stocks. They are promised that these investments will generate a good return, but they do not always make the best choice. Wealth management services are a way to help people manage their personal investments. They may charge fees for their service, but that is not always the case.
Depending on your level of assets, will determine the amount of services you will receive.
Investment Services:
This is the most basic level to receive financial and retirement planning guidance from their team of experts.
$100K in investment assets
Unlimited advice from any of the available financial advisors
Managed ETF portfolio
Wealth Management:
This is where you can receive more personalized services and dedicated support to manage your money as you move through new financial challenges.
$200K minimum in investment assets
Two dedicated financial advisors
Access to specialists in real estate, stock options, and more
Regular reviews on your customized portfolio
Tax optimization
Private Client :
This is the most exclusive level at Empower to help you receive comprehensive financial planning. They will help build a customized investment plan to reach your lifestyle goals.
over $1 million in investment assets
Two dedicated financial advisors
Priority access to specialists
In-depth retirement and wealth planning
Wealth Management Fee Structure
Empower charges only an all-inclusive annual management fee at a fraction of the cost of traditional financial institutions. In addition, they do not charge hidden fees, trailing fees, or trade commissions.
First $1 million = .89%
First $3 million = .79%
Next $2 million = .69%
Next $5 million = .59%
Over $10 million = .49%
Overall, if you want a financial advisor or a second opinion, using Empower wealth management services may be for you.
Even if you don’t join, you can still use the tools for free, no questions asked.
My Empower Review from Experience
I have had a lot of experience using Empower in the past. They provide snapshot financial pictures of your personal situation that are very informative.
Plus it is a free tool to use, which is always a bonus.
Empower is one of my favorite online tools to see all your finances in one place.
It is eye-opening to see the overall picture. Also, tracking investments across multiple accounts can be overwhelming, but they make the process seamless and help you stay on top of things.
Personally, my favorite tools are the net worth, fee analyzer, and retirement planner.
I use Empower in conjunction with Quicken. Read my Quicken review.
My Empower dashboard is my overall financial picture whereas Quicken tracks all of my day-to-day spending and helps me remember when we purchased something for a return.
The app has a convenient interface that makes managing your personal financial situation easy, even if you’re not familiar with finance jargon or investing terminology. With this tool at hand, keeping track of where everything stands financially becomes easier than ever before!
Just to note… to get the best financial picture, you must include all of your accounts. The more time you spend in the Empower dashboard, the more helpful analysis you will get from the tool.
Empower Alternatives
In addition to Empower, there are other financial apps that can help you allocate your portfolio.
These include Betterment with Wealthfront also being a viable option for those who want the best of both worlds by tracking their investments in stocks and bonds. However, these alternatives have much higher fees than what is charged by Empower which makes it an appealing alternative if the fee does not bother you.
Also, if you are looking for budgeting capabilities you may want to look at Quicken, Mint, YNAB, or Simplifi.
At the end of the day, you have to decide what your goals are and what you are looking for.
From all of the free and paid budgeting apps, here are our top budgeting apps to check out!
This section may contain affiliate links, which helps us to continue providing relevant content and we receive a small commission at no cost to you. Please read the full disclosure below.
Personal Capital Advisors Corporation (“PCAC”) compensates Money Bliss (“Company”) for new leads. (“Company”) is not an investment client of PCAC.
Personal finance and money management software allows you to manage spending, create monthly budgets, track investments, retirement and more.
Save 40% off on new memberships.
Enjoy guilt-free spending and effortless saving with a friendly, flexible method for managing your finances.
Change your relationship with money!
Photo Credit:
www.personalcapital.com
Personal Capital is wealth management for the Internet Age. The online platform combines digital technology with highly personalized service to provide a holistic view of a unique financial picture (AKA your net worth).
Make sure to connect all of your accounts within 7 days to set up your Personal Financial dashboard.
Tiller is the only tool that automatically updates Google Sheets and Microsoft Excel with your spending, transactions, and balances each day.
Start your free trial.
Automate your financial plan with set-and-forget money tools that fit right into your daily life.
That’s why Qapital puts your goals front and center, then helps you plan your spending, saving, and investing around them.
Manage your money less in 5 minutes each week. Reach your money goals with confidence! The personal finance app gives you something to look forward to.
“The easiest, most comprehensive way to both see where your money is going and plan for future expenses.”
Your automated financial assistant and budget tracker are designed to put you back in control of your money.
Stay on top of your spending, easily track bills, cancel unwanted subscriptions, and find ways to improve!
Photo Credit:
moneybliss.org
HoneyMoney increases your awareness about your money habits. Being fully aware of your money naturally changes how you spend it.
Great way to use cash flow budgeting. Plus uses “envelopes” to budget.
Start your free trial.
Moneyspire is user-friendly personal finance and small business accounting software that brings your entire finances together in one place.
Have total control over your financial life in one click.
Is Empower right for you?
Empower is a company that offers tools for personal finance management. This app has more than one hundred different tools to help you with your finances, including monthly budgeting and investing tracking.
Empower also helps people manage their credit card debt, establish emergency funds, track retirement savings progressions, calculate their net worth, and much more!
The smartphone app integrates locations, bank accounts, and credit scores which allows users to access current information on their financial situation.
The online portal allows for comparing available investment options.
This tool allows people to plan out the future of their money as well as provides them with valuable financial information in an easy-to-read format so they can make informed decisions.
As stated before, Empower is a financial app that can help you manage your investment assets. It has many features and it’s not perfect, but it’s the best out there in terms of value for money.
You can always test drive it and see what you learn about your personal finance situation.
Now you can try it free (no credit card required!)
Know someone else that needs this, too? Then, please share!!
To the Class of 2023: Congratulations! Graduating from college is a huge milestone, and your hard work and efforts should be celebrated.
Whether you’re jumping into your first job or embarking on a post-grad trip, it can feel overwhelming to launch into adulthood.
Don’t fret — there are tools to make this transition easier. A significant step into adulthood is opening your first credit card. Perhaps you’re ahead of the game and have been a proud owner of a student card throughout your four years as an undergrad. Or you may be shopping around for your first “adult” credit card.
Either way, we firmly believe the Chase Sapphire Preferred Card should be every graduate’s first credit card. And as a graduation present, it’s currently offering a fantastic bonus of 80,000 bonus points after you spend $4,000 in your first three months of account opening. But you’ll want to jump on it; apply before 9 a.m. Eastern Time (ET) on May 25 to take advantage of this elevated offer.
High sign-up bonus
It’s the truth: the current sign-up bonus is one of the highest we’ve seen on the Chase Sapphire Preferred.
For a card with a (reasonable) $95 annual fee, you’re looking at 80,000 points after spending $4,000 on purchases in the first three months of account opening. TPG values Ultimate Rewards points at 2 cents each, meaning that this sign-up bonus is worth a whopping $1,600.
Historically, the sign-up bonus has been 60,000 points for the same amount of spending. Simply put, there’s never been a better time to apply.
But before you get too excited, ensure you can manage the spending requirement to get the bonus. It works out to about $1,334 in monthly spending for your first three months, which you can easily hit if you’re about to spend a solid chunk on moving expenses and a professional wardrobe for your launch into adulthood. Still, make sure you don’t charge more than you can afford to pay off, no matter how good the bonus is.
Related: Not just for the established elite: TPG millennials and Gen Z staff weigh in on their experience with premier rewards credit cards
Sign up for our daily newsletter
Introduction to points and miles
If you want to learn about the world of points and miles, you’ve come to the right place. Here at TPG, we have a plethora of resources to get you started — including our beginner’s guide and our list of best first credit cards.
One of the things you’ll see in these guides is that Chase Sapphire Preferred is always at the top of the list. It’s a beginner-friendly card that will ease you into “travel hacking” or learning how to use your credit card rewards to unlock free flights or hotel stays. There are many redemption options with this card, but you’ll find the most value as a travel rewards card by using your points for travel.
To break it down in simple terms, you have two options for booking travel with this card. First, you can book through Chase’s Ultimate Rewards portal at a 25% points bonus or a rate of 1.25 cents each. For example, 10,000 points translates to $125 value in travel. You can book a variety of travel on this portal, including flights, hotels, car rentals and cruises.
Once you get comfortable booking travel through the portal, you can dip your toes into transferring your points to loyalty programs. Chase lets you move your points at a 1:1 rate to 11 airline and three hotel partners, so your 80,000 Ultimate Rewards points can equal 80,000 points in the loyalty program of your choice.
Of course, some partners are better than others, but some of our high-value favorites include Air Canada Aeroplan and World of Hyatt. With these partners, getting much more than 1.25 cents of value per point is possible. We’ve even gotten up to 4.5 cents in value with a business class ticket on Air France before, so the sky is the limit when it comes to Chase’s transfer partners.
Related: From no credit to free flights: An inside look at a 23-year-old’s credit journey
Valuable card benefits
The Chase Sapphire Preferred is a popular card, especially among Gen-Z’ers, since it comes with many useful partner benefits that can help you save money and reward you at the same time.
One of the most valuable perks is a complimentary one-year membership to DoorDash DashPass (available through Dec. 31, 2024.) This membership will get you free delivery fees and reduced service fees on eligible orders of $12 or more. This subscription service usually costs $9.99 monthly, so this benefit is valuable enough to justify the card’s $95 annual fee.
You’ll also enjoy 5 points per dollar on Lyft rides (through March 2025.) Depending on how often you use Lyft, this is a fantastic way to earn bonus points on this rideshare service.
Finally, it’s worth checking the Chase Offers on your card. They’ll update every week or so.
All of these partner offers can help you save money on your everyday purchases.
Travel and purchase protections
One more reason you’ll love the Sapphire Preferred: No other card with a $95 annual fee comes with as many travel and shopping protections. Hopefully, you never have to use any of these benefits, but these coverages will give you peace of mind and save you money if an emergency arises:
Primary car rental coverage: Covers theft and damage up to the actual cash value of the rental car on bookings of less than 31 consecutive days. Note that most credit cards only offer secondary coverage.
Trip cancellation and interruption insurance: Reimburses you up to $10,000 per person (or $20,000 per trip) for your pre-paid, nonrefundable trip expenses due to covered reasons, such as sickness, severe weather and more.
Baggage delay insurance: Reimburses you up to $100 per day (for up to five days) for baggage delays more than six hours to cover the purchase of essential items.
Trip delay reimbursement: Reimburses you up to $500 per ticket to purchase meals or lodging for trip delays of 12 hours or more (or requiring an overnight stay).
Lost luggage reimbursement: Covers loss or damage to your luggage by a common carrier (such as an airline) for up to $3,000 per passenger.
Travel and emergency assistance: Receive emergency assistance and referrals if you encounter problems while traveling.
Extended warranty protection: Extends a U.S. manufacturer’s warranty by an additional year on warranties of three years or less.
Purchase protection: Covers damage or theft on new purchases, up to $500 per claim and up to $50,000 per account.
For any of these to apply, you must pay for your purchase with your Chase Sapphire Preferred card. You can file a claim with the Benefits Administrator online through Card Benefit Services.
Related: Chase Sapphire Preferred perks
Bottom line
If you’ve just graduated, do yourself a favor and add the Chase Sapphire Preferred to your wallet. With its killer sign-up bonus, long-term earning potential and perks, you’ll love having this card along for your journey into the real world.
Official application link: Chase Sapphire Preferred with 80,000 bonus points after you spend $4,000 in the first three months. Apply before 9 a.m. ET on May 25.
Are you interested in early retirement? Today, I have a great interview with Kristy Shen, who retired with $1,000,000 at the age of 31.
You probably know Kristy from the blog Millennial Revolution. Millennial Revolution is a popular early retirement resource, so I’m excited to share this interview with you on how she reached early retirement.
In this interview, you’ll learn:
How they calculated how much money to save
What made them want to retire early
Whether they live comfortably or not
How much time they spend traveling
The careers they had before early retirement
The sacrifices they had to make
And more!
This interview is packed full of valuable information on reaching early retirement.
Enjoy!
Related content:
1. Tell me your story. Who are you and what do you do? Can you go into detail on how much you saved for early retirement, how you chose that amount, etc.?
We are Kristy and Bryce, and we are world-travelling early retirees, having left the rat race in our early 30s back in 2015.
We were both working as computer engineers, but after almost a decade of trying to follow the “traditional career path” of buying a house and working until we’re 65 to pay it off, we realized that those old rules didn’t really work for our generation and we tried something different.
So we saved and invested our money instead, and when our portfolio hit $1,000,000, we retired and never looked back.
2. Can you explain how early retirement works? What is the 4% rule?
The 4% rule states that if you retire and start withdrawing your 4% of your portfolio, each year adjusting for inflation, you will statistically never run out of money.
It was based on something called the Trinity study that looked at historical stock market data and tried to figure out the safe amount to withdraw in retirement that won’t deplete your savings. 4% is the answer they come up with, and we used that as a target for how much we needed to have in order to retire early.
We knew that our annual spending was $40,000, so that means our Financial Independence target was $1,000,000, because $1,000,000 x 4% = $40,000.
3. When did you begin saving for early retirement?
We were saving the moment we started to work, but it wasn’t initially for early retirement.
As I mentioned before, we spent the first half of our careers trying to save up to buy a house, but because we live in a high cost-of-living city (Toronto), real estate just kept getting more and more expensive even as we tried to save up for a down payment.
Eventually, we got sick of playing what we thought was a rigged game and started looking for something else to do with our money.
When we stumbled across the FIRE movement, that was our “aha” moment, because we realized that at our current trajectory we could either spend our money on a house and then spend decades trying to pay it off, or hit our FI target and retire in just 3 years.
It was a no brainer.
4. What made you want to retire early?
Besides the frustration of the real estate market, something happened at my work that really crystallized my decision to retire.
Out of the blue, one of my co-workers collapsed and nearly died at his desk. The ambulance had to be called and he needed to be rushed to the ER. He had been working 12 hour days continuously for months, and the doctors told him that his health was so bad that it was equivalent to him smoking 2 packs of cigarettes a day, despite the fact that he’d never smoked.
And the most eye-opening thing about that whole experience was that rather than making any changes to his lifestyle, he was back at work just 2 weeks later because he couldn’t afford to stop working and paying his mortgage.
That’s when I realized how messed up my priorities were.
5. Would you say that you live comfortably?
Absolutely.
FIRE isn’t about sacrificing your happiness for money. If it were, it wouldn’t be sustainable. Instead, it’s more about being strategic and making conscious decisions in how you spend. For example, when we were working, we would still spend money taking 2 vacations a year because travel was (and still is) important to us.
On the other hand, owning a car wasn’t important, so we relied on public transportation instead. Now that we’re retired, we travel the world teaching other people how to pull off FIRE themselves.
We also discovered that travelling the world is less expensive than living in a North American major metropolitan city.
6. How much do you spend traveling each year? What do you spend your money on these days?
Before the pandemic, we basically lived nomadically and hopped from country to country every month, so for us travel is not so much an expense as it is just part of how we live. Since we left, we were surprised to find that travelling isn’t nearly as expensive as when we were working.
By using AirBnbs and HomeExchanges to live like a local and spending time in lower cost-of-living areas like Southeast Asia and Eastern Europe, we were able to make living nomadically cost less than living in a high cost-of-living city all year, which is about $40,000 a year for the two of us for the 6 years since retiring. Once the pandemic happened, we had to come back to Toronto for a family emergency.
We thought our living expenses would skyrocket (especially given the rise in inflation) but surprisingly, our expenses plummeted in the last 2 years to $34,000 (2020) and $39,000 (2021) due to lockdowns. This year we’re projected to spend $42,000.
We love spending money on travel, eating out, massages, and walking tours.
7. What career did you have before you retired? Do you think you have to have a high income in order to retire early?
We’re both computer engineers. I worked in finance and Bryce worked in a semiconductor company.
Having a high income definitely helps, but it’s still possible even if you don’t make that high a salary, and we’ve featured readers on our blog that are on their way to achieving financial independence as teachers, nurses, plumbers, and all sorts of other professions.
One reader even went from homeless and unemployed to $100K net worth in just 1 year by following our strategy.
With the recent popularity of remote work, more options are opening up for people to super-charge their savings by moving to a lower-cost city and baking the difference, so if anything early retirement is becoming more accessible to more people as time goes on.
8. Do you still earn an income in early retirement?
I’ve always wanted to be a writer since I was a kid, but I had to put my dreams on hold to pursue a practical career that makes money, but once we left we could focus on actually making my dream a reality.
So we created our blog Millennial-Revolution.com, and we wrote a book Quit Like a Millionaire. To our complete surprise, both projects now make money, but we continue relying on our initial $1M portfolio to fund our day-to-day living expenses and treat any extra income we earn in retirement as fun money.
9. What sacrifices or hard decisions did you have to make to reach early retirement?
It was really hard bucking what I like to call the “cult of home ownership,” not just because we lived in Toronto where everyone is obsessed with owning real estate, but also because I’m Chinese, where owning a home is such an important part of my culture that it’s considered unthinkable not to buy a house.
I fought with my parents about that so much that we basically stopped talking for the first year of my retirement.
Our relationship has improved since then, but it was really difficult for me at the time to basically be the only one doing this in my group of friends and family, but now that I did it, I now know it was the best decision I’ve ever made.
10. What do you do for health insurance in early retirement?
When you travel, medical care is not nearly as expensive as back home, so a monthly travel insurance policy really isn’t that expensive.
For example, we’re currently using a company called Safetywing and insurance costs $42 USD a month.
If you have to live in the US, you would be eligible for federal government subsidies to pay for your insurance from the Affordable Care Act (ACA) since your earned income would drop to $0 after retirement.
11. What are your long-term plans now that you are retired?
More writing, travelling and teaching people about FIRE.
We also have the time and space to help out with family members whenever health issues come up.
12. If you were starting back at ground zero, what would you do differently?
I wouldn’t have wasted so much time chasing after a house like everyone else, but all things considered I think we actually avoided many of the mistakes that trip a lot of people up, like getting into a ton of student debt or picking the wrong career, so I can’t complain too much.
I would say, we probably should’ve started investing earlier and not sat on the sidelines after 2008, trying to save up money to buy a house.
This made us miss out on years of investment gains.
13. Lastly, what is your very best tip (or two) that you have for someone who wants to reach the same success as you?
If you want to retire early, surround yourself with people who are also on a similar life path because those people will sustain you on your journey.
When I was doing this, the FIRE community wasn’t as big (or well organized) as it is today. Now, there are FIRE meetups all over the world, so find your local group and introduce yourself. It’s also a good idea to start learning how to invest as soon as possible.
You can learn via our free, step-by-step investment workshop and our book Quit Like a Millionaire.
Are you interested in early retirement? Why or why not?
For the past six weeks, I’ve been hard at work writing my “introduction to financial independence and early retirement” project for Audible and The Great Courses. It’s been challenging — and fun — to rework my past material for a new audience in a new format.
Naturally, I’m emphasizing two important points in this project: profit and purpose.
I believe strongly that you need a clear personal mission statement in order to find success with money (and life).
I also believe that the most important number on your path to financial freedom is your personal profit, the difference between your income and your spending. (Most people refer to this number as saving rate. I prefer the term “personal profit” because it’s, well, sexier.)
That last point is important.
Too many people want magic bullets. They want quick and easy ways to get out of debt and build wealth. They believe (or hope) that there’s some sort of secret they can uncover, that somehow they’ve missed. Well, there aren’t any secrets. Money mastery is a combination of psychology and math. And the math part is so simple a third-grader could understand it. Wealth is the accumulation of what you earn minus what you spend.
There are only two sides to this wealth equation — earning and spending — but a disproportionate amount of financial advice focuses on the one factor, on spending, and that’s too bad. Sure, frugality is an important part of personal finance. And if you’re in a tight spot and/or have a high income and still struggle, then cutting expenses is an excellent choice. But the reality is, you won’t get rich — slowly or otherwise — by pinching pennies alone.
The Biggest Lie in Personal Finance
Recently at his excellent blog, Of Dollars and Data, Nick Maggiulli wrote about the biggest lie in personal finance. What is that lie? He writes:
While there are lots of people who are in financial trouble because of their own actions, there are also lots of people with good financial habits who just don’t have sufficient income to improve their finances.
That’s why the biggest lie in personal finance is that you can be rich if you just cut your spending. And the financial media feeds this lie by telling you to stop spending $5 a day on coffee so that you can become a millionaire.
With charts and graphs and data, Maggiuli demonstrates that the problem facing people with low incomes isn’t their spending — it’s their earning. If you’re living at the poverty line — currently $26,200 per year for an American family of four — you’re not going to escape through thrift. Thrift is an emergency measure, a stopgap. It’s a bandage on a major wound.
Here’s the bottom line:
If you’re poor and hope to be not poor, your attention should be focused on increasing income, not on cutting costs. Your expenses are likely already very low.
If you have an average household income — currently $63,179 according to the U.S. Census Bureau — your path to building wealth will probably include both frugality and income enhancement.
If you have a high income but still struggle to make ends meet, your attention should absolutely turn to cutting costs. You need to rein in your lifestyle. But you won’t accomplish this with frugality; you’ll do this by optimizing the big stuff.
Maggiuli is fed up with the Biggest Lie. It “triggers” him.
“This is the same financial media who write stories about how people save money by living in a trailer, making their own dish soap, or reusing their dental floss,” he writes. “Yes, it’s that ridiculous. But what really gets me is how these examples are provided as ‘proof’ of how cutting spending can make you rich.”
From my experience, this sort of stuff is perennially popular because it’s easy. It’s easy to write and it’s easy to read, even if it doesn’t offer any real solutions. It’s more difficult to write about boosting your income. And, it’s more difficult to act on that information because it takes time, effort, and actual sacrifice.
Real-Life Examples of the Biggest Lie in Action
Just this morning, Trent at The Simple Dollar published an article about optimizing dishwashing for money and time. Trent writes:
If I can invest some time and thought and effort into optimizing a routine I do three times a week, and that optimization trims off five minutes of effort and $0.50 in cost, I’m literally saving 13 hours per year and $78 per year for the rest of my life.
Trent isn’t wrong. If his math is correct (and his discipline too), he will literally save 13 hours and $78 each year by optimizing how he does dishes. This isn’t a lie. In this case, the lie comes from what is implied: Do this and you’ll grow rich. You’ll reach financial freedom by becoming a smarter dishwasher.
Here’s the truth: You don’t reap the thirteen hours and $78 annual benefit as a one-time win. You’re saving five minutes and fifty cents per day. This may seem like a niggling point, but it’s important. If you gain thirteen hours or $78 at once, that’s something real and tangible, something you can work with. But an extra five minutes and fifty cents per day? Not so much.
I’m not saying that you shouldn’t optimize your dishwashing routine. Do it! But don’t expect it to make you rich. Because it won’t.
Here’s a bigger example of the lie in action.
Elizabeth Willard Thames writes at Frugalwoods, which is one of my favorite money blogs. Recently, especially, Liz has been publishing lots of amazing stuff. I look forward to each new article. (Those of you who make use of the Spare Change list of links on the GRS front page have probably noticed that I bookmark Frugalwoods frequently.)
As you might guess from the name of her blog, Liz focuses (almost?) exclusively on thrift. She and her husband practice extreme frugality. She wrote a book, Meet the Frugalwoods [my review], that documented their journey from poor college students to achieving financial independence on a 66-acre farm in central Vermont.
Now, there’s no doubt that Liz and Nate are thrifty. They practice what they preach. But their frugality is not the reason for their wealth, the reason they were able to retire early. You can’t buy a 66-acre farm in Vermont simply by optimizing your dishwashing routine. Or clipping coupons. Or hosting potlucks. To do this, you also need a high income. And that’s a part of the story that Liz doesn’t share with her readers. She and her husband made a lot of money, and that’s how they got rich — not through frugality.
I’m sure Liz doesn’t mean to obfuscate the truth, but that’s the net effect. She’s complicit in “the biggest lie in personal finance”.
To her credit, Liz seems to be incorporating more of the truth in her writing. Today, for instance, the About page at Frugalwoods acknowledges their high incomes. This didn’t used to be the case.
Now, I don’t mean to dog on Liz and Trent. They’re both good people and fine writers. But I think they do their readers a huge disservice by covering just one aspect of the wealth equation, by rarely (if ever) mentioning income. They’re active participants in Maggiuli’s “biggest lie”.
And I’ll confess: For a long time, I was guilty of the same thing. Sometimes, I still am. Hell, I’ve spilled a lot of words lately about my quest to optimize my food spending, haven’t I? I’m not claiming to be any better than Liz or Trent. But I want to at least acknowledge the lie — and the reciprocal truth.
The Biggest Truth in Personal Finance
If frugality isn’t the path to riches, what is? The answer is simple: Big Wins. Big Wins are the quickest way to wealth.
You can scrape your dishes and rinse them in cold water every day for the rest of your life, and you still wouldn’t match the benefits you’d obtain by purchasing a cheaper home. Or choosing a more fuel-efficient car. Or negotiating your salary.
The best way to spend less is to cut back on the big stuff.
If the average American family were to trim their housing costs by 10%, they’d save roughly $150 per housing payment — more than twenty times the benefit of optimizing your dishwashing routine. Transportation offers similar opportunities. According to the American Automobile Association, the average driver spends just over $9000 per year on her vehicle. Reduce this spending by less than one percent and you’ve accomplished the same thing as a year of diligent dishwashing.
But, as Maggiuli notes in his article, income is the elephant in the room, the subject that too many writers ignore.
You can only cut costs so far. There’s no way to reduce your spending below zero, and most of us can’t come close to that. As I mentioned earlier, the U.S. poverty line for a family of four is currently $26,200. (For two people, it’s $17,240.) Not counting his business, Mr. Money Mustache (a famously frugal fellow) spent $13,068 in 2019.
If you’re living like this and want to escape, you shouldn’t look for ways to cut costs. That stuff is useless to you. If somebody tells you otherwise, they’re lying. In these circumstances, you should be trying to increase your income. And even if you have a standard middle-class salary, boosting income is usually the best way to meet your goals.
There are three primary ways to earn more money.
First, become better educated. Despite the dire details in the gloomy mass media, one fact is undeniable: The more you learn, the more you earn. In the U.S., education has a greater impact on lifetime earnings than any other demographic factor. It’s more important than your race, your religion, your gender, your location. (In fact, the Census Bureau says education has five times the impact of gender on annual earnings.) That’s great news because while you can’t control your age or race, you have total control over your education.
Second, become a better employee. I read a lot on Reddit (and other places) where people piss on their employers, complaining about how their boss (or company) is out to screw them. This stuff is counter-productive. Sure, there are some shitty employers out there, but most are happy to promote and reward their best workers. If you want to earn more, work longer and harder than others will. If you’re in a situation where hard work goes unrewarded, switch jobs.
Finally — and most importantly — learn to negotiate your salary. Study after study shows the same thing: Failing to negotiate your salary can cost you over half a million dollars during the course of a typical career. Half a million dollars! For over a decade, I’ve been pushing Jack Chapman’s book, Negotiating Your Salary: How to Make $1000 a Minute. Let me do so again.
“You can’t frugalize income you don’t earn,” Liz writes in Meet the Frugalwoods. She speaks the truth! The biggest truth.
I’m no enemy of thrift. Yes, absolutely, pinch your pennies, if that makes you happy. Frugality is an excellent way to build good habits. Over the long run, many frugal habits combined can make a big difference to your financial situation.
But if you have a low income, do not focus on thrift. It’s a red herring. Instead, turn your attention to Big Wins. And, especially, to increasing your income. Because this is the biggest truth in personal finance: You can’t get rich through frugality alone.
A cash management account (CMA) combines many of the best aspects of checking and savings accounts. It lets you earn strong interest rates while keeping it easy to access and spend your cash. While CMAs can’t do everything a dedicated checking or savings account can do, many people find CMAs sufficient for their financial needs.
Financial companies target CMAs at consumers who have large cash balances they need to insure. People who want the easy access a checking account provides – without sacrificing the interest rate savings accounts offer – also use them.
But so many companies offer CMAs it can be hard to choose the best one. Which one is right for you depends on how much money you plan to deposit and whether your primary goal is earning interest or easy access to your money.
Best Cash Management Accounts
There are plenty of top options for CMAs to choose from, no matter your financial goals. Many are associated with investment brokerages or robo-advisor platforms, which automatically allocate and manage your funds based on your personal risk tolerance and objectives.
Betterment
Our Rating
Earn up to 4.35% APY and pay no monthly fees on your cash. Plus, get access to Betterment’s low-cost robo-advisor platform with instant transfers between accounts.
Monthly Fee
$0, but Betterment may charge investing fees
Deposit Insurance
Up to $4 million
Apply NowRead the Review
[+] See Details
[-] Hide Details
Betterment is an automated investing platform with a built-in cash management account (Cash Reserve) that has one of the best yields and highest deposit insurance limits in the space.
Betterment’s yield is comparable to the top high-yield savings accounts, and its FDIC insurance limit is at least eight times the industry standard. Open a joint account with your spouse or domestic partner to double your FDIC insurance coverage.
And if you’re looking for a day-to-day spending account, open a Betterment Checking account. It has a debit card, no monthly maintenance fees or minimum balance requirements, and a direct link to your other Betterment accounts.
Annual percentage yield (variable) is as of 05/08/2023. Cash Reserve is only available to clients of Betterment LLC, which is not a bank, and cash transfers to program banks are conducted through the clients’ brokerage accounts at Betterment Securities.
Apply NowRead the Review
Wealthfront
Our Rating
Earn 4.55% APY on all balances with no minimums or fees. Plus, enjoy category-leading FDIC deposit insurance coverage up to $5 million.
Monthly Fee
$0, but Wealthfront may charge investment fees
Deposit Insurance
Up to $5 million
Apply NowRead the Review
[+] See Details
[-] Hide Details
Wealthfront is an automated investing platform that charges a low asset-based fee on all balances (0.25% AUM). Its cash management account, the aptly named Wealthfront Cash Account, charges no fees at all.
The Wealthfront Cash Account has more in common with a checking account than a savings account. Notable features include unlimited withdrawals, a debit card that works at nearly 20,000 ATMs, direct deposit, and integrations with popular peer-to-peer transfer apps like Venmo and PayPal.
The Wealthfront Cash Account’s Self-Driving Money™, feature is even more useful than a standard checking account. It’s a money management automation tool that automatically allocates incoming deposits to cover near-term bills and expenses, add to your emergency savings, fund other savings goals as per your personalized savings plan, and divide the remainder between your investment accounts — all with minimal input from you.
Apply NowRead the Review
Empower
Our Rating
Earn 4.25% Interest; No Minimum Balance; No Monthly Fees; Up to $1.5 Million in FDIC Insurance
Monthly Fee
Deposit Insurance
Up to $2 million
Apply NowRead the Review
[+] See Details
[-] Hide Details
Formerly known as Personal Capital, Empower is a digital financial advisor and wealth manager geared toward affluent younger folks. You don’t need a ton of money to use its Empower Cash cash management solution though — it’s totally free and doesn’t require a separate minimum balance.
Empower Cash stands out for the same reasons many other great cash management accounts do: a high yield, generous FDIC coverage, and no minimums. It adds some more unique benefits too, including direct access to human wealth managers and a sophisticated budgeting tool that securely syncs with your external financial accounts and provides a comprehensive all-in-one view of your finances.
Apply NowRead the Review
Aspiration
Our Rating
Earn up to 3.00% APY on the first $10,000 in your Save account. Plus, your deposits never fund fossil fuels.
Up to 3.00% APY
Monthly Fee
$0 to $7.99
Deposit Insurance
Up to $2.25 million
Our Rating
[+] See Details
[-] Hide Details
Aspiration is a socially conscious financial firm that offers retirement, investing, and charitable giving services. Aspiration doesn’t invest customer funds in businesses that pollute the environment. It has a growing lineup of Conscience Coalition partners where purchases earn up to 10% cash back. And it helps you gauge your own social responsibility, giving you a spending-habits report card showing how much you’ve supported green companies.
Aspiration’s cash management solution isn’t as generous as some others, with a lower yield that applies only to the first $10,000 in the account and requires a monthly fee to attain. But if you’re drawn to Aspiration’s mission, you can probably live with the financial drawbacks.
Fidelity
Our Rating
Earn 2.47% APY on all balances with no minimums, no fees, and variable deposit insurance up to multiples of the statutory limit.
Monthly Fee
Deposit Insurance
Variable, but at least $250,000
Learn More
[+] See Details
[-] Hide Details
Fidelity is a full-service financial firm that offers banking, financial advising, and investment services. It’s fully capable of being your only financial institution, and the Fidelity Cash Management Account is a big reason why.
The Fidelity Cash Management Account is a checking-like platform (complete with a debit card and unlimited ATM fee reimbursements) that offers savings-like yields. It offers a nice blend of old and new too, with free paper checks alongside mobile check deposit and fast person-to-person transfers. And if you’re not ready to branch out into stocks and bonds and all the rest, you don’t have to use Fidelity’s investing platform just because you have a Fidelity Cash Management Account.
Learn More
Methodology: How We Select the Best Cash Management Accounts
Our most important considerations when evaluating cash management accounts are:
How much they earn (interest rate)
How much they protect (deposit insurance coverage)
How easy they make it to access your money (linked accounts, debit cards, and so on)
How much they cost (fees and expenses)
How they fit into a larger financial ecosystem (connection to other accounts offered by the same company)
Interest on Balances
“What’s the interest rate?” is the first question most people ask when shopping for cash management accounts. The best accounts pay interest on par with the top high-yield savings accounts, which as of mid-2023 typically yield between 4% and 5% APY.
Deposit Insurance Coverage & Limits
Generous deposit insurance coverage is a defining feature of cash management accounts. The best accounts protect multiples of the standard FDIC deposit insurance limit of $250,000, which is what you get with most ordinary checking, savings, and money market accounts.
Some go up to $5 million or even higher. The higher, the better.
Access to Balances
Cash management accounts are sort of like checking-savings hybrids, but in terms of access to your cash, many are more like savings accounts. They don’t have debit cards, peer-to-peer transfer capabilities, or instant transfers to external accounts.
Good cash management accounts tend to be more liberal on this front. Some even have debit cards that you can use at any merchants that accept Visa or Mastercard.
Fees
The best cash management accounts have no monthly maintenance fees and low (or no) fees otherwise. However, most are associated with investment accounts that do charge management or trading fees. We look for accounts with reasonable fee schedules in any case.
Connection to Investment & Other Account Types
Cash management accounts usually don’t exist by themselves. They’re often associated with investment or wealth management accounts that offer a much broader range of services than standard deposit accounts can. We prefer these types of accounts because they’re more suitable as one-stop shops for banking and investments.
Cash Management Account FAQs
If you understand how checking and savings accounts work, you have a basic understanding of cash management accounts too. But they have a few differences and oddities worth drilling down into.
What Is a Cash Management Account?
A cash management account is a deposit account that blends features of checking and savings accounts.
Like a checking account, a cash management account usually has no limit on withdrawals. Some come with debit cards and other checking-like features, such as instant person-to-person transfers.
Like a savings account, a cash management account typically has a high interest rate on balances. It often has a higher deposit insurance limit as well, a feature it shares with some certificates of deposit.
Is a Cash Management Account a Brokerage Account?
A cash management account is not a brokerage account, but many cash management accounts are associated with brokerage accounts. Either the account is housed within the brokerage account itself and receives proceeds from securities sales through a process known as cash sweeping, or it’s a separate account linked to the brokerage account for speedy transfers.
Are Cash Management Accounts Better Than Savings Accounts?
It depends on your financial situation and what you hope to get out of the account.
If your personal cash reserve is well under the standard FDIC deposit insurance limit, your best bet is to look for the highest possible yield, which you may or may not find in a cash management account. If you have more cash, it might be worth it to use a cash management account with a higher deposit insurance limit, even if its yield isn’t quite on par with the top savings accounts.
If you plan to use your cash (or some of it) to buy stocks or other securities, keeping it in a cash management account is more convenient than a standard savings account not associated with a brokerage account.
What’s the Difference Between a Cash Management Account and a Money Market Account?
Cash management accounts have a lot in common with money market accounts, which are also often described as checking-savings hybrids.
The biggest differences: a money market account is more likely to come with core checking features like a debit card and paper checks, and less likely to be directly associated with a brokerage account. Also, money market accounts often (but not always) have lower yields than savings accounts and cash management accounts.
Do You Have to Buy Stocks If You Have a Cash Management Account?
No, you can keep all your money as cash in a cash management account even if the cash management account is directly associated with a brokerage account. If you worry you’ll be tempted to purchase risky securities out of a brokerage-linked cash management account, consider holding your funds in a separate external bank account.
Final Word
Cash management accounts provide a useful mix of savings and checking accounts with the extra perk of huge FDIC insurance limits. If you’re in the market for a CMA, look for the account that offers the level of accessibility you need and the best interest rate possible.
If you don’t need debit card access to your money, you can choose an account with other features that benefit you, like high interest rates or additional FDIC insurance.
@media (max-width: 1200px)
body .ns-buttons.ns-inline .ns-button-icon width: 100%; .ns-inline .ns-button –ns-button-color: #000000;
TJ is a Boston-based writer who focuses on credit cards, credit, and bank accounts. When he’s not writing about all things personal finance, he enjoys cooking, esports, soccer, hockey, and games of the video and board varieties.
This article will explain the Big Short and the 2008 subprime mortgage collapse in simple terms.
This post is a little longer than usual–maybe give yourself 20 minutes to sift through it. But I promise you’ll leave feeling like you can tranche (that’s a verb, right?!) the whole financial system!
Key Players
First, I want to introduce the players in the financial crisis, as they might not make sense at first blush. One of the worst parts about the financial industry is how they use deliberately obtuse language to explain relatively simple ideas. Their financial acronyms are hard to keep track of. In order to explain the Big Short, these players–and their roles–are key.
Individuals, a.k.a. regular people who take out mortgages to buy houses; for example, you and me!
Mortgage lenders, like a local bank or a mortgage lending specialty shop, who give out mortgages to individuals. Either way, they’re probably local people that the individual home-buyer would meet in person.
Bigbanks, such as Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley, who buy lots of mortgages from lenders. After this transaction, the homeowner would owe money to the big bank instead of the lender.
Collateralized debt obligations (CDOs)—deep breath!—who take mortgages from big banks and bundle them all together into a bond (see below). And just like before, this step means that the home-buyer now owes money to the CDO. Why is this done?! I’ll explain, I promise.
Ratings agencies,
whose job is to determine the risk of a CDO—is it filled with safe mortgages,
or risky mortgages?
Investors, who buy part of a CDO and get repaid as the individual homeowners start paying back their mortgage.
Feel lost already? I’m going to be a good jungle guide and get you through this. Stick with me.
Quick definition: Bonds
A bond can be
thought of as a loan. When you buy a bond, you are loaning your money. The issuer of the bond is borrowing your money. In exchange for borrowing your money, the
issuer promises to pay you back, plus interest, in a certain amount of time.
Sometimes, the borrower cannot pay the investor back, and the bond defaults, or fails. Defaults are not
good for the investor.
The CDO—which is a bond—could hold thousands of mortgages in it. It’s a mortgage-backed bond, and therefore a type of mortgage-backed security. If you bought 1% of a CDO, you were loaning money equivalent to 1% of all the mortgage principal, with the hope of collecting 1% of the principal plus interest as the mortgages got repaid.
There’s one more key player, but I’ll wait to introduce it.
First…
The Whys, Explained
Why does an individual take out a mortgage? Because they want a home. Can you blame them?! A healthy housing market involves people buying and selling houses.
How about the lender;
why do they lend? It used to be
so they would slowly make interest money as the mortgage got repaid. But
nowadays, the lender takes a fee (from the homeowner) for creating (or originating) the mortgage, and then
immediately sells to mortgage to…
A big bank. Why do
they buy mortgages from lenders? Starting in the 1970s, Wall St. started
buying up groups of loans, tying them all together into one bond—the CDO—and
selling slices of that collection to investors. When people buy and sell those
slices, the big banks get a cut of the action—a commission.
Why would an investor
want a slice of a mortgage CDO? Because, like any other investment, the big
banks promised that the investor would make their money back plus interest once the homeowners began
repaying their mortgages.
You can almost trace the flow of money and risk from player to player.
At the end of the day, the investor needs to get repaid, and that money comes from homeowners.
Enjoying this article? Subscribe below to get new articles emailed straight to your inbox
CDOs are empty buckets
Homeowners and mortgage lenders are easy to understand. But a big question mark swirls around Wall Street’s CDOs.
I like to think of the CDO as a football field full of empty buckets—one bucket per mortgage. As an investor, you don’t purchase one single bucket, or one mortgage. Instead, you purchase a thin horizontal slice across all the buckets—say, a half-inch slice right around the 1-gallon mark.
As the mortgages are repaid, it starts raining. The repayments—or rain—from Mortgage A doesn’t go solely into Bucket A, but rather is distributed across all the buckets, and all the buckets slowly get re-filled.
As long as your horizontal slice of the bucket is eventually surpassed, you get your money back plus interest. You don’t need every mortgage to be repaid. You just need enough mortgages to get to your slice.
It makes sense, then, that the tippy top of the bucket—which
gets filled up last—is the highest risk. If too many of the mortgages in the
CDO fail and aren’t repaid, then the tippy top of the bucket will never get
filled up, and those investors won’t get their money back.
These horizontal slices are called tranches, which might
sound familiar if you’ve read the book or watched the movie.
So far, there’s nothing too wrong about this practice. It’s simply moving the risk from the mortgage lender to other investors. Sure, the middle-men (banks, lenders, CDOs) are all taking a cut out of all the buy and sell transactions. But that’s no different than buying lettuce at grocery store prices vs. buying straight from the farmer. Middle-men take a cut. It happens.
But now, our final player enters the stage…
Credit Default Swaps: The
Lynchpin of the Big Short
Screw you, Wall Street nomenclature! A credit default swap sounds complicated, but it’s just insurance. Very simple, but they have a key role to explain the Big Short.
Investors thought, “Well, since I’m buying this risky tranche of a CDO, I might want to hedge my bets a bit and buy insurance in case it fails.” That’s what a credit default swap did. It’s insurance against something failing. But, there is a vital difference between a credit default swap and normal insurance.
I can’t buy an insurance policy on your house, on your car, or on your life. Only you can buy those policies. But, I could buy insurance on a CDO mortgage bond, even if I didn’t own that bond!
Not only that, but I could buy billions of dollars of insurance on a CDO that only contained millions of dollars of mortgages.
It’s like taking out a $1 million auto policy on a Honda Civic. No insurance company would allow you to do this, but it was happening all over Wall Street before 2008. This scenario essentially is “the big short” (see below)—making huge insurance bets that CDOs will fail—and many of the big banks were on the wrong side of this bet!
Credit default swaps involved the largest amounts of money in the subprime mortgage crisis. This is where the big Wall Street bets were taking place.
Quick definition: Short
A short is a bet that something will fail, get worse, or go down. When most people invest, they buy long (“I want this stock price to go up!”). A short is the opposite of that.
Certain individuals—like main characters Steve Eisman (aka Mark Baum in the movie, played by Steve Carrell) and Michael Burry (played by Christian Bale) in the 2015 Oscar-nominated film The Big Short—realized that tons of mortgages were being made to people who would never be able to pay them back.
If enough mortgages failed, then tranches of CDOs start to fail—no mortgage repayment means no rain, and no rain means the buckets stay empty. If CDOs fail, then the credit default swap insurance gets paid out. So what to do? Buy credit default swaps! That’s the quick and dirty way to explain the Big Short.
Why buy Dog Shit?
Wait a second. Why did people originally invest in these CDO bonds if they were full of “dog shit mortgages” (direct quote from the book) in the first place? Since The Big Short protagonists knew what was happening, shouldn’t the investors also have realized that the buckets would never get refilled?
For one, the prospectus—a fancy word for “owner’s manual”—of a CDO was very difficult to parse through. It was hard to understand exactly which mortgages were in the CDO. This is a skeevy big bank/CDO practice. And even if you knew which mortgages were in a CDO, it was nearly impossible to realize that many of those mortgages were made fraudulently.
The mortgage lenders were knowingly creating bad mortgages. They were giving loans to people with no hopes of repaying them. Why? Because the lenders knew they could immediately sell that mortgage—that risk—to a big bank, which would then securitize the mortgage into a CDO, and then sell that CDO to investors. Any risk that the lender took by creating a bad mortgage was quickly transferred to the investor.
So…because you can’t decipher the prospectus to tell which mortgages are in a CDO, it was easier to rely on the CDO’s rating than to evaluate each of the underlying mortgages. It’s the same reason why you don’t have to understand how engines work when you buy a car; you just look at Car & Driver or Consumer Reports for their opinions, their ratings.
The Ratings Agencies
Investors often relied on ratings to determine which bonds
to buy. The two most well-known ratings agencies from 2008 were Moody’s and
Standard & Poor’s (heard of the S&P
500?). The ratings agency’s job was to look at a CDO that a big bank created,
understand the underlying assets (in this case, the mortgages), and give the
CDO a rating to determine how safe it was. A good rating is “AAA”—so nice, it
got ‘A’ thrice.
So, were the ratings agencies doing their jobs? No! There are a few explanations for
this:
Even they—the experts in charge of grading the
bonds—didn’t understand what was going on inside a CDO. The owner’s manual
descriptions (prospectuses) were too complicated. In fact, ratings agencies
often relied on big banks to teach
seminars about how to rate CDOs, which is like a teacher learning how to
grade tests from Timmy, who still pees his pants. Timmy just wants an A.
Ratings agencies are profit-driven companies.
When they give a rating, they charge a fee. But if the agency hands out too
many bad grades, then their customers—the big banks—will take their requests
elsewhere in hopes of higher grades. The ratings agencies weren’t objective, but instead were biased by
their need for profits.
Remember those fraudulent mortgages that the
lenders were making? Unless you did some boots-on-the-ground research, it was
tough to uncover this fact. It’s hard to blame the ratings agencies for not
catching this.
Who’s to blame?
Everyone? Let’s play devil’s advocate…
Individuals: some people point the finger at homeowners, saying, “You should know better than to buy a $1 million house on a teacher’s salary.” I find this hard to swallow. These people, surrounded by the American home-ownership dream, were sold the idea that they would be fine. The mortgage lender had no incentive to sell a good mortgage, they only had an incentive to sell a mortgage. So, it’s hard for me to put too much blame on the homeowners.
Mortgage lenders: someone knew. I’m not saying that all the mortgage lenders were fully aware of the implications of their actions, but some people knew that fraudulent loans were being made, and chose to ignore that fact. For example, check out whistleblower Eileen Foster.
Big banks: Yes sir! There’s certainly blame here. Rather than get into all of the various money-grubbing, I want to call out one specific anecdote. Back in 2010, Goldman Sachs CEO Lloyd Blankfein testified in front of Congress. Here it is:
To explain further, there are two things going on
here.
First, Goldman Sachs bankers were selling CDOs to investors. They wanted to make a commission on the sale.
At the same time, other bankers ALSO AT GOLDMAN SACHS were buying credit default swaps, a.k.a. betting against the same CDOs that the first Goldman Sachs bankers were selling.
This is like selling someone a racehorse with cancer, and then immediately going to the track to bet against that horse. Blankfein’s defense in this video is, “But the horse seller and the bettor weren’t the same people!” And the Congressmen responds, “But they worked for the same stable, and collected the same paychecks!”
So do the big banks deserve blame? You tell me.
Inspecting Goldman Sachs
One reason Goldman Sachs survived 2008 is that they began buying credit default swaps (insurance) just in time before the housing market crashed. They were still on the bad side of some bets, but mostly on the good side. They were net profitable.
Unfortunately for them, the banks that owed Goldman money were going bankrupt from their own debt, and then Goldman never would have been able to collect on their insurance. Goldman would’ve had to payout on their “bad” bets, while not collecting on their “good” bets. In their own words, they were “toast.”
This is significant. Even banks in “good” positions would’ve gone bankrupt, because the people who owed the most money weren’t able to repay all their debts. Imagine a chain; Bank A owes money to Bank B, and B owes money to Bank C. If Bank A fails, then B can’t collect their debt, and B can’t pay C. Bank C made “good” bets, but aren’t able to collect on them, and then they go out of business.
These failures would’ve rippled throughout the world. This explains why the US government felt it necessary to bail-out the banks. That federal money allowed banks in “good” positions to collect their profits and “stop the ripple” from tearing apart the world economy. While CDOs and credit default swap explain the Big Short starting, this ripple of failure is the mechanism that affected the entire world.
Betting more than you have
But if someone made a bad bet—sold bad insurance—why didn’t they have money to cover that bet? It all depends on risk. If you sell a $100 million insurance policy, and you think there’s a 1% chance of paying out that policy, what’s your exposure? It’s the potential loss multiplied by the probability = 1% times $100 million, or $1 million.
These banks sold billions of dollars of insurance under the assumption that there was a 5%, or 3%, or 1% chance of the housing market failing. So they had 20x, or 30x, or 100x less money on hand then they needed to cover these bets.
Turns out, there was a 100% chance that the market would fail…oops!
Blame, expounded
Ratings agencies—they should be unbiased. But they sold themselves off for profit. They invited the wolves—big banks—into their homes to teach them how to grade CDOs. Maybe they should read a blog to explain the Big Short to them. Of course they deserve blame. Here’s another anecdote of terrible judgment from the ratings agencies:
Think back to my analogy of the buckets and the rain. Sometimes, a ratings agency would look at a CDO and say, “You’re never going to fill up these buckets all the way. Those final tranches—the ones that won’t get filled—they’re really risky. So we’re going to give them a bad grade.” There were “Dog Shit” tranches, and Dog Shit gets a bad grade.
But then the CDO managers would go back to their offices and cut off the top of the buckets. And they’d do this for all their CDOs—cutting off all the bucket-top rings from all the different CDO buckets. And then they’d super-glue the bucket-top rings together to create a field full of Frankenstein buckets, officially called a CDO squared. Because the Frankenstein buckets were originally part of other CDOs, the Frankenstein buckets could only start filling up once the original buckets (which now had the tops cut off) were filled. In other words, the CDO managers decided to concentrate all their Dog Shit in one place, and super glue it together.
A reasonable person would look at the Frankenstein Dog Shit field of buckets and say, “That’s turrible, Kenny.”
BUT THE RATINGS AGENCIES GAVE CDO-SQUAREDs HIGH GRADES!!! Oh I’m sorry, was I yelling?!
“It’s diversified,” they would claim, as if Poodle shit mixed with Labrador shit is better than pure Poodle shit.
Again, you tell me. Do the ratings agencies deserve blame?!
Does the government deserve blame?
Yes and no.
For example, part of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1992 mandated that the government mortgage finance firms (Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae) purchase a certain number of sub-prime mortgages.
On its surface, this seems like a good thing: it’s giving money to potential home-buyers who wouldn’t otherwise qualify for a mortgage. It’s providing the American Dream.
But as we’ve already covered today, it does nobody any good to provide a bad mortgage to someone who can’t repay it. That’s what caused this whole calamity. Freddie and Fannie and HUD were pumping money into the machine, helping to enable it. Good intentions, but they weren’t paying attention to the unintended outcomes.
And what about the Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC), the watchdogs of Wall Street. Do they have a role to explain the Big Short? Shouldn’t they have been aware of the Big Banks, the CDOs, the ratings agencies?
Yes, they deserve blame too. They’re supposed to do things like ensure that Big Banks have enough money on hand to cover their risky bets. This is called proper “risk management,” and it was severely lacking. The SEC also had the power to dig into the CDOs and ferret out the fraudulent mortgages that were creating them. Why didn’t they do that?
Perhaps the issue is that the SEC was/is simply too close to Wall Street, similar to the ratings agencies getting advice from the big banks. Watchdogs shouldn’t get treats from those they’re watching. Or maybe it’s that the CDOs and credit default swaps were too hard for the SEC to understand.
Either way, the SEC doesn’t have a good excuse. If you’re in bed with the people you’re regulating, then you’re doing a bad job. If you’re rubber stamping things you don’t understand, then you’re doing a bad job.
Explain the Big Short, shortly
You’re about 2500 words into my “short summary.” But the important things to remember:
Financial acronyms suck.
Money flowed from the investors down to the mortgage lenders, and the risk flowed from the mortgage lenders up to the investors. In between, the big banks and CDOs acted as middle men and intermediaries.
When someone feels like their actions have no risk, or no consequences, they’ll behave poorly (big banks, mortgage lenders) When someone is given what seems like an amazing deal, they’ll take it (individual home owners).
CDOs are like empty buckets. Mortgage payments are like rain, filling the buckets. Investors buy tranches, or slices, across all the buckets. If mortgages fail, then the buckets might not fill up, and the investors won’t get their money back.
CDOs are intentionally complex. So complex, that not even the people grading them understood what was going on (ratings agencies).
Buying insurance on something your do not own is a behavior with potential for abuse (big banks)
Buying insurance on something for more than it’s worth is a behavior with potential for abuse (big banks). This is where most of the money in the financial crisis switched hands.
And with that, I’d like to announce the opening of the Best Interest CDO. Rather than invest in mortgages, I’ll be investing in race horses. Don’t ask my why, but the current top stallion is named ‘Dog Shit.’ He’ll take Wall Street by storm.
Thank you for reading! If you enjoyed this article, join 6000+ subscribers who read my 2-minute weekly email, where I send you links to the smartest financial content I find online every week.
-Jesse
Want to learn more about The Best Interest’s back story? Read here.
If you prefer to listen, check out The Best Interest Podcast.