Artit_Wongpradu/Getty Images; Illustration by Issiah Davis/Bankrate
Key takeaways
An FHA construction loan is a type of FHA loan that covers the cost of building a home, including the land or lot purchase, building materials and labor.
There are two types of FHA construction loans: an FHA construction-to-permanent loan and a FHA 203(k) loan.
FHA construction loans can be rolled into an FHA permanent mortgage.
If you’d rather build a home than buy one, an FHA construction loan could help pay for the project. Like a regular FHA loan, this type of financing is insured by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) and offered by FHA-approved mortgage lenders. Here’s how to get one.
What is an FHA construction loan?
An FHA construction loan is a type of FHA loan used to build a home. It works like a conventional construction loan by providing short-term financing for a range of construction costs, from the architect’s fee to the certificate of occupancy. Often, borrowers convert these loans to long-term mortgages once the house is built.
Unlike conventional construction loans, however, FHA construction loans are insured by the FHA. That means if you have a down payment of at least 3.5 percent, you could qualify for the loan with a credit score as low as 580.
How does a construction loan work?
Construction loans aren’t like regular mortgages. They typically last for one year, during which time the lender releases payments, usually directly to your contractor. The lender enlists an inspector to evaluate the project at various stages, and releases more funds once everything checks out. Once construction is finished, the loan either converts to a traditional mortgage or the borrower obtains a mortgage to pay it off.
Types of FHA construction loans
FHA construction-to-permanent loan: An FHA construction-to-permanent loan finances the ground-up construction of a home — including the purchase of the land or lot — then converts to a regular FHA mortgage. This is also known as a one-time or single-close loan; you won’t have to pay closing costs for two separate loans.
FHA 203(k) rehab loan: An FHA 203(k) loan finances the cost of buying an existing home plus renovations and repairs. There are two types of 203(k) loans: a standard 203(k) for renovations costing $35,000 or more; and a limited 203(k) for smaller-scale, less expensive projects. Either option allows you to obtain one loan to buy and fix up a home, instead of two loans.
FHA construction loan requirements
The qualifying requirements for an FHA construction loan are similar to those for standard FHA loans, but with a few additions.
To qualify for any FHA loan, you’ll need to meet the following criteria, at minimum:
Credit score: At least 580, or as low as 500 if putting down at least 10 percent
Debt-to-income (DTI) ratio: No more than 43 percent (with some exceptions)
Down payment: 3.5 percent with a credit score of at least 580, or at least 10 percent with a credit score between 500 and 579
Loan limits: No more than the FHA loan limits for the year; for 203(k) loans, no more than the FHA loan limits, the home’s after-renovation value plus improvement costs or the home’s after-renovation value, whichever is less
Mortgage insurance: Upfront and annual FHA mortgage insurance premiums, paid for the life of the loan in most cases
Occupancy: Primary residences only
On top of these requirements, FHA construction loans require satisfactory documentation detailing the construction or renovation project, including information about the contractor you plan to work with. For a standard 203(k) loan, you’ll be assigned a 203(k) consultant to estimate the remodeling or repair costs.
Whether you get a construction-to-permanent or rehab loan, the work will also be subject to inspection as the project progresses.
How to get an FHA construction loan
You can get an FHA construction loan from an FHA-approved lender, though not every FHA lender offers this type of financing. If you’re not sure where to start, search the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development’s list of lenders by state or county. You can filter for 203(k) lenders, too, if that’s the type of loan you’re after.
From there, the process involves connecting with a contractor and getting preapproved for financing. Here’s an overview:
Prepare your credit and finances. Construction loan interest rates are often higher than the rates for a regular mortgage. While you can get an FHA loan with a relatively low credit score and down payment, a better score and a higher down payment could help you get a lower rate and pay less in mortgage insurance. If you plan to build a brand-new home, you’ll also want extra stashed away for the inevitable budget snags that come up in construction. Here’s more on the cost of building a home.
Partner with a contractor and real estate agent. Whether you plan to build a home or renovate an existing property, you’ll need to work with a contractor to learn your costs and draw up plans, then provide these details to your lender for approval. If you’re getting a standard 203(k) loan, you’ll also work with a 203(k) consultant to estimate costs. From there, a real estate agent can help you find the right parcel of land, lot or fixer-upper.
Get preapproved for a construction or rehab loan. You’ll need to meet all of the FHA loan requirements and any other criteria your lender stipulates. If you qualify, your lender will base the loan amount on the appraised after-construction or after-renovation value of the home.
Alternatives to an FHA construction loan
An FHA construction loan is just one type of construction financing. While it can help you build or renovate a home, you can’t use it for an investment property or vacation home, and you’ll have to pay mortgage insurance premiums, which add to your costs. Here are alternatives to consider:
Conventional construction loans: More widely available than FHA construction loans, conventional construction loans include construction-to-permanent and construction-only options. The downsides: You’ll need to come up with a higher down payment than the FHA version, as well as have a higher credit score. You won’t have to pay mortgage insurance for the entire loan term, however, unlike most borrowers with an FHA loan.
Renovation loan: Instead of a 203(k) loan, you might look into a conventional HomeStyle renovation loan, which provides financing up to 75 percent of the home’s after-renovation value.
VA or USDA construction loans: If you’re a service member or veteran or have a lower income and want to build a home in a qualifying rural area, consider a VA or USDA loan, respectively. These don’t require a down payment or mortgage insurance and can have flexible credit standards. You’ll need to pay a one-time funding fee for the VA loan and guarantee fees for a USDA loan, however.
Home equity options: If you want to make improvements to your home or another property you own, you might have enough equity in your current home to make that happen. Depending on your needs and goals, the options include a home equity loan (a second mortgage) or a line of credit, known as a HELOC.
Refinance and take cash out: If interest rates have gone down since you got your mortgage, you might be able to refinance to a new, bigger loan with a lower rate and cash out some of your equity to pay for renovations. Generally, this option works best for homeowners who can get a lower rate, have equity to spare and plan to do extensive remodeling.
FAQ
Many types of mortgage lenders offer FHA loans, but not all offer FHA construction loans. You can search FHA-approved lenders in your area on the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development’s website, or start with our guides to the best FHA mortgage lenders and best FHA 203(k) rehab mortgage lenders.
If you’re making a down payment of 3.5 percent, the minimum credit score for an FHA construction loan is 580. If you have at least 10 percent to put down, you could qualify with a score as low as 500.
Building your dream home from the ground up is a great way to make sure it meets all your expectations. Securing a home construction loan can assist you in realizing your plans, but you need to know the specifics that come with these types of loans.
Here’s an overview of what you should know when obtaining a construction loan.
What is a construction loan?
A construction loan is a type of loan specifically designed to finance the cost of building a new home or renovation of an existing property. It’s a short-term loan with a variable interest rate, and is typically used during the construction phase of a project.
Unlike a traditional mortgage, construction loans are disbursed in installments as the construction progresses, rather than as a lump sum. This helps to minimize the risk for both the lender and the borrower, as the loan amount is based on the actual costs of construction.
How do construction loans work?
Construction loans are typically offered by specialized lenders or banks and are often secured by the property being built. Borrowers are usually required to provide a detailed construction plan, as well as a budget and timeline for the project. The lender will then release funds as each construction milestone is completed and inspected.
At the end of the construction process, the construction loan will typically be converted into a permanent mortgage. This conversion process can occur automatically or require a separate application and approval process, depending on the lender’s requirements.
3 Types of Home Construction Loans
There are three main types of home construction loans: construction-to-permanent, construction-only, and renovation.
Construction-to-Permanent Loan
With this type of home construction loan, once the home is built, the loan converts to a permanent mortgage. You typically only have to pay closing costs once, which can save you money.
You can also choose to pay interest during the building phase. However, it’s typically a variable interest rate, so your payments will fluctuate. After the home is built, and your construction loan converts to a permanent mortgage, you might be able to choose whether you want a variable rate or a fixed rate.
You may want to consider this type of loan if you have a feasible plan for your house’s construction, and you want to pay it back over time with a reliable monthly payment.
Construction-Only Loan
This type of loan requires full repayment at the end of the construction phase, rather than automatic conversion to a mortgage. This means that you’ll incur two sets of closing costs and have to secure approval for two separate loans.
However, a construction-only loan may require a smaller down payment compared to a construction-to-permanent loan. If you already own a home, you may consider obtaining a construction-only loan initially and waiting to sell your current home to accumulate a larger down payment for a mortgage.
Construction-only loans can be a suitable option for individuals who currently have limited funds but expect to have more in the future. After completing construction, you can apply for a mortgage to pay off the loan.
One potential drawback of this type of loan is that if your financial or credit situation changes during construction, you may not qualify for a mortgage large enough to repay the loan. This can lead to new problems, including the possibility of losing your home before you even move in.
Renovation Construction Loan
Rather than helping you build something new, a renovation loan is designed to help you cover the costs of a major remodel. If you want to turn a fixer-upper into the home of your dreams, but aren’t sure if you have the money for renovations, this type of loan can help.
It’s important to note that these aren’t home improvement loans. A home improvement loan often deals with smaller remodels and is based on how much equity you currently have in the home. Renovation construction loans are about major overhauls.
Typically, you’ll get a loan big enough to cover the costs of renovations as a mortgage. You only apply for one loan, and it’s based on the likely value of the home after the remodel is finished. This can be a big help if you don’t want to try to finance the cost of upgrades after you buy the house.
Expenses Covered by Construction Loans
In general, you’ll find that most construction loans pay for various aspects of a project, including:
Obtaining the land (or the fixer-upper if you’re getting a renovation loan)
Getting the plans for the home
Applying for the permits
Paying the fees associated with construction
Contingency reserves for covering unexpected costs
Closing costs
You might also be able to have interest reserves built into your construction loan if you would rather not make interest payments while your home is being built or renovated.
The idea is that everything you need to complete your home, whether new-built or a renovation, is wrapped up in the loan.
Create a Plan for Your Custom Home
When building a home, you can’t just ask a lender for an appraisal or just get approved for a certain amount. Construction loan lenders expect to see a plan for the construction of the home.
When you apply for a home construction loan, you’ll need to let your lender know the following information:
Size of the home and the lot
Placement of the lot
Home plans (possibly include blueprints)
Materials used to build the home
Types of renovations you plan to make (for an applicable loan)
Timeline for completing the home
Contractors that will be hired
Lenders will dig into this information to decide if you’re a good risk. They want to know that the home, or the lot, will at least be worth something if you default on the loan. Part of the process is understanding that the home will at least be worth what you’re borrowing once it’s finished.
At each stage of construction, and before disbursement is made, the work will have to be inspected. If you choose a general contractor that’s experienced and respected, they can help you provide needed information to your lender, and you can be reasonably assured that they will do good work.
Qualifying for a Home Construction Loan
Now that you have a plan for your new home, it’s time to qualify for your construction loan. In many ways, the process is the same as qualifying for a traditional mortgage loan. The construction loan lender will review your financial situation and decide if you present a relatively low risk. Some of the things that a construction loan provider looks at include:
Credit score: This is the most important element of any home loan, and it’s no different with construction loans. In fact, because there might not be anything of tangible value before construction, you might need an even higher credit score. You typically need a minimum credit score of 680 to qualify, so you need to improve your credit score if you’re not there yet.
Debt-to-income (DTI) ratio: As with a regular mortgage, the lower your debt-to-income ratio, the better off you’ll be. Most lenders require that your DTI be no more than 45% of your gross monthly income.
Down payment: While you might be able to get by with 5% or less for a down payment with traditional mortgages (FHA, USDA, and VA loans famously come with much lower down payments), construction loans are a different story. You’ll likely have to put down at least 20% to make it happen. In some cases, though, as with a renovation loan, you might get away with a lower down payment.
By planning ahead and making sure your finances are in order, you have a better chance of qualifying for a construction loan.
Prepare for a Longer Closing Period
Realize that there are many moving parts to your home construction loan. It’s not just you and your lender involved. You’ve got a builder or contractor as part of the arrangement, and you’re not going to get a lump sum. Instead, the lender will evaluate you and the contractor you choose separately.
Additionally, a timeline for disbursements needs to be set up. Moreover, a lender might need to consider insurance related to the process. Plus, whether you choose a construction-to-permanent or construction-only loan matters a great deal as you negotiate with a lender about your terms.
As a result of these different aspects of construction loans, you might have to allow for a longer closing period. Additionally, you’re likely to see delays and additional costs during the building portion, so making sure you have adequate contingency reserves built into your new home is vital.
Bottom Line
With a construction loan, you can turn your dream home vision into a reality, whether building from the ground up or renovating a fixer-upper. Be aware, however, that a construction loan entails different terms and conditions.
Your lender will not simply grant you the entire loan amount without first ensuring your ability to use it responsibly. You must prove your financial capability and the viability of your construction project. Your lender will keep a close eye on the allocation of funds as the project progresses.
If you have a good understanding of how a construction loan operates, it can be a valuable tool in ensuring you achieve the home of your dreams.
See also: Is It Cheaper to Build or Buy a House?
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I qualify for a construction loan?
To qualify for a construction loan, you will typically need to have a good credit score and a sufficient amount of equity in your property (if you are building on land that you already own). You will also need to provide a detailed construction plan and budget, as well as proof of your ability to repay the loan.
How long does it take to get a construction loan?
The process of getting a construction loan can vary in length depending on the lender and the specifics of your situation. In general, it can take several weeks or even months to complete the application process and receive approval for a construction loan.
How much can I borrow with a construction loan?
The loan amount you can obtain through a construction loan is based on various factors including your credit score, the worth of the property, and your equity in the property. Usually, borrowers can expect to secure up to 80% of the property value. However, the loan amount can differ based on the lender’s policies.
How are funds from a construction loan distributed?
The distribution of funds from a construction loan is typically done in stages, based on the progress of the construction project. The lender will release funds as specific milestones are reached, such as the completion of the foundation, the rough framing, or the final inspection. This process helps to ensure that the funds are used for the intended purposes and that the construction project is proceeding as planned.
Before each release of funds, the lender may require an inspection to verify that the work has been completed to their satisfaction. The exact terms of the distribution of funds may vary based on the lender and the specifics of the loan agreement.
Are construction loans more expensive than other types of loans?
Construction loans can carry higher interest rates and fees due to the higher risk for the lender. However, the total cost of the loan will vary based on the lender, loan type, and loan terms.
Can I use a construction loan to remodel my existing home?
Yes, construction loans can be utilized for renovating an existing home too. Normally, those borrowing must present a comprehensive renovation plan, cost estimate, and demonstrate their repayment capability.
FHA 203(k) loans provide funding to finance both a home’s purchase and the cost of repairing it. If you qualify, you can obtain one from an FHA-approved lender.
This type of loan is reserved for borrowers who intend to live in the home, not house-flippers or investors.
There are two types of 203(k) rehab loans: limited, for repairs less than $35,000, and standard, for more expensive projects.
When you buy a home, there are usually a few repairs to pay for. If you plan to take on a fixer-upper, you might be facing the prospect of many projects. If this is the case for you, you might be considering an FHA 203(k) loan.
What is an FHA 203(k) loan?
An FHA 203(k) loan, also known as an FHA 203(k) rehab loan or Section 203(k) loan, combines the financing for a home’s purchase and remodeling or repairs into a single loan. Along with these costs, you can also use a 203(k) loan to finance up to six months’ of mortgage payments while you live elsewhere during renovations.Like other FHA loans, a 203(K) loan is insured by the Federal Housing Administration and offered by FHA-approved mortgage lenders. It also comes with the requirement to pay FHA mortgage insurance.Types of 203(k) rehab loans
There are two types of FHA 203(k) loans: limited 203(k) and the more popular standard 203(k). Here’s an overview:
Key terms
Limited 203(k) loan:
Designed for non-structural projects valued at less than $35,000, with no minimum cost requirement
Standard 203(k) loan:
Designed for more extensive jobs, including major structural work like an addition, with a minimum cost requirement of $5,000
How does an FHA 203(k) loan work?
A 203(k) renovation loan can be a 15- or 30-year fixed-rate or adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM). The amount you can borrow depends on criteria such as your credit rating and income. The total amount borrowed through 203(k) loans must be within FHA loan limits for the area in which the home is located.
Generally, the most you can borrow for the loan is the lowest of the following:
The FHA’s maximum loan limit for the county where the property is located
The home’s before-renovation value plus improvement costs
The home’s after-renovation value
What can an FHA 203(k) loan be used for?
A standard 203(k) loan can cover many major projects, including:
Converting a property from one unit to up to four units, or the reverse
Foundation repairs
Adding or repairing a deck, patio or porch
Adding or remodeling a garage
Adding or repairing septic or well systems
Adding a fence
Adding accessibility features for those living with disabilities
Installing appliances
Landscaping
Remediating health and safety hazards, such as lead paint
This type of loan can’t cover improvements such as adding a gazebo, swimming pool or tennis court. It also can’t be used for repairs to co-ops or mixed-use properties, unless that property is primarily residential.
A limited 203(k) loan, in contrast, can cover upgrades like new carpeting or paint.
FHA 203(k) loan requirements
There are many requirements to qualify for an FHA renovation loan, including:
Occupation – The main restriction for an FHA 203(k) loan is that the borrower has to be the owner-occupant of the home. Investors are not eligible for this kind of loan, although in certain situations, nonprofit organizations might be allowed to obtain one.
Credit score and down payment – You’ll need a minimum credit score of 580 with 3.5 percent down, or a minimum score of 500 with a down payment of 10 percent.
Debt-to-income (RTI) ratio – Your debt-to-income (DTI) ratio, which measures your gross monthly income against your monthly debt payments, can’t exceed 43 percent.
Renovation rules – You can only use a limited 203(k) loan for non-structural renovations costing less than $35,000. For a standard 203(k) loan, the work has to involve major construction and cost at least $5,000.
Timeline – Generally, the work has to be completed within six months of closing.
How to get an FHA 203(k) loan
Once you’ve identified a home to buy and fix up, you can apply for a 203(k) loan with your lender. If you’re obtaining the standard version of the loan, the lender will assign a 203(k) consultant to your project. The consultant will visit the home to estimate repair costs. If you’re getting the limited 203(k), you’re not required to work with a consultant.
Once your lender signs off on these details and closes the loan, you’ll work with a licensed contractor to handle renovations. Ideally, this contractor should be familiar with 203(k) loans, especially the payment schedule and requirements. If you’re qualified, you might be able to do some or all of the work yourself, but you can’t use the loan proceeds for your labor cost.
The process from there works like a regular construction loan: The lender issues payments to the borrower at various phases of the renovation. As the project progresses, the consultant will inspect the work to authorize more payments. You’ll have six months to complete the renovations. Once the project is finished, you’ll provide a release letter and the consultant will evaluate the work.
FHA 203(k) loan pros and cons
An FHA 203(k) loan offers the opportunity to purchase a home that needs some work without having to obtain two loans. However, there are many rules to qualifying for this type of mortgage.
Pros of an FHA 203(k) loan
One loan for both purchase and renovations
Lower credit score requirement
Low minimum down payment requirement
Potentially lower interest rates compared to credit cards or home improvement loans
Can finance up to six months of mortgage payments if living elsewhere during renovations
Cons of an FHA 203(k) loan
Must plan to live in the home during or after renovation, for at least one year
FHA mortgage insurance payments required
Rates might be higher compared to buy-and-renovate conventional loans
Work must be completed in six months, in most cases
FHA 203(k) loan refinancing
You can use FHA 203(k) loans to purchase a fixer-upper or rehabilitate the home you already live in through a refinance. The process to refinance into a 203(k) loan is similar to a regular refinance, but you must meet the additional requirements of the 203(k) loan.
After refinancing, a portion of the 203(k) proceeds will pay off your existing mortgage, and the rest of the money will be kept in escrow until repairs are completed.You can also refinance an existing 203(k) mortgage through the FHA streamline program, which may help you get an even lower interest rate.
FHA 203(k) loan FAQ
An FHA 203(k) loan funds the purchase of a home and qualifying renovations, while a short-term construction loan funds renovations only. Once the project is complete, you can convert the construction loan to a regular mortgage. Depending on your credit and finances, a 203(k) loan might be easier to qualify for, but a construction loan has less restrictions around the types of improvements you can finance.
An FHA 203(k) loan can be used for single-family homes (including homes with accessory dwelling units, or ADUs), duplexes, triplexes or another multifamily home up to four units. It can also be used for an eligible condo or manufactured home, or a townhome. You might be able to use it for a mixed-use property, as well, provided the property is majority-residential.
If you’re qualified — say, a licensed general contractor — you might be able to do some or all of the work yourself. You cannot reimburse yourself for labor costs with the 203(k) loan proceeds, however.
An FHA 203(k) loan allows you to use funds for everything from minor repair needs to nearly the entire reconstruction of a home, as long as the original foundation is intact.
FHA 203(k) loans are one of several options to pay for home improvements. These alternatives include a conventional HomeStyle or CHOICERenovation loan; a cash-out refinance; a home equity line of credit (HELOC) or home equity loan; credit cards; or personal loans. You might also explore co-investment or shared equity companies, which provide financing in exchange for a piece of your home’s appreciation when you sell.
There are plenty of trends that used to be mostly popular among the low-middle income people that changed when they became popular with rich people. Whether it is a band, a clothing style, or a hobby, nothing remains the same once wealth and status get involved. But what are some of the things that poor people loved before they were spoiled by the wealthy? Here, we look at 20 things that once brought joy to those without much money—until their newfound popularity caused them to be re-crafted as symbols of luxury and extravagance.
1. Industrial, Warehouse Apartments
One user shared, “Living in warehouses in the industrial, rundown side of town.”
Another user agreed and commented, “Yes! They tore down all the real lofts to build condos they call lofts.”
2. Etsy
“Etsy,” posted one user.
Another user commented, “There are SO many accounts for cheap stuff from China that you could get on many other websites as well. No, I come to Etsy for homemade stuff and to support artistic individuals.”
One user added, “Yep, I remember trying to avoid the temptation of Shein by almost buying some unique pearl belly dance waist chains from there for 20 dollars. Dear reader, they were from Shein, without the tags and with a hefty 200% price increase. Thank God for the reviewer who exposed them.”
3. Food banks
One Redditor unfolded the riches’ hack and posted, “Food banks. My local food bank put out a news article basically saying that rich people need to stop using the food bank as a ‘life hack’ to lower their grocery bills.”
One user grasped and commented, “OMG. That’s so evil. Some people really have no conscience.”
4. Living in Arty Neighborhoods
One Redditor shared, “Living in arty neighborhoods.”
Another user replied,” This is what I was looking for. Creative poor people have been investing in poor neighbourhoods forever. They use their talent to make it an excellent place they enjoy living in. The rich say, ‘Hey, I want to be cool, let’s buy this.’ And then they price the poor out of the haven they created and turn it into a stale, crowded, overpriced place. TL;DR—Gentrification”
5. Champion Brand Clothes
“Champion brand clothes. I had a lot when I was a kid because it was the cheapest possible, and now all that s- is considered ‘vintage,’” posted one user.
Another responded, “Reminds me of Fila and Puma.”
6. eBay
An online Redditor commented, “Ebay. It used to be so useful to get all kinds of cheap or unique things. Then more and more big commercial sellers joined the club, and eventually, eBay itself forgot about what and who made their platform a success in the first place.”
“I’ve had my eBay account since ’98 when you had to send physical checks/money orders through the mail. It felt like an online flea market or garage sale where you’d get to know certain buyers and sellers. Feedback was critical, and you never bid on something you didn’t plan to buy because any hit to your reputation was a huge deal.
“It was a nice little collecting community until they allowed resellers of knock-off goods in and turned the whole thing into another Amazon. I occasionally still sell collectibles, but the number of people who don’t bother paying is huge now. I miss old eBay,” stated one user.
7. Blue-Collar Residential Neighborhoods
One user also shared, “Blue-collar residential neighborhoods in the city.”
Another user commented, “Yes! This is my answer, too. Not just houses in general but poor neighborhoods, in particular, are being f- over. You can see the tale here in the property history on Realtor.com. Lots and lots of houses were previously on the market for $50,000, bought, and then flipped and listed for $250k to $300k in a ZIP code where the median income is $34.5k, a good $20k less than the median income for the city. Shockingly, no one wants to spend $300k for a s- remodel in the ‘hood, so most of these houses sit empty unless/until they’re put on Airbnb.”
One added, “I think the problem with gentrification in the US is twofold: a failure to provide a path to ownership for often at-risk residents (which leads to slumlords) and a failure to protect the at-risk pop who DO own property from massive tax hikes.
“No one is opposed to tearing down condemned houses and building new ones, but the neighbours who have been there should not get affected by massive tax increases.”
8. Rural Lake Cabins
“Quiet out-of-the-way country cabins sitting by lakes. Now they are overpriced Airbnbs,” posted one user.
Another user commented, “I’d even say Airbnbs themselves. They started as a potentially cheap alternative to hotels run by people with extra space they aren’t doing anything with. Now people build guest houses specifically for Airbnb and treat It like a full-on rental.”
One user suggested, “If you do decide to go to an Airbnb as a getaway, I’d recommend looking for one on a farm. From what I’ve seen, they’re usually run by the farmers as a sort of side gig and not some company or wealthy person.
“The last one I went to was out in the middle of nowhere with like 70 acres that you’re free to explore, and it was actually at an animal rehabilitation center. They rented out their spare room as an Airbnb as a way to bring in more money to put towards the animals. It was insanely cool.
“They had a ton of animals that were being rehabilitated. The living room had a giant window that looked straight into the snow macaque enclosure. It was their inside feeding area, so you could watch them chill and eat like 2 feet away. There was a flock of chickens that would follow you around; most of them were bald or had b-m legs or other issues that would get them slaughtered at a farm. There were storks, peacocks, a very playful otter, spider monkeys, a d-head heron that kept pecking at my boots, boxes, and a lot more, but they even had tigers. Apparently, they were rescued from a carnival and couldn’t be released into the wild. It was so calm and also sweet to know that you were contributing a bit just by staying there.
“Edit: guess I should’ve included it in the original comment. It’s called ‘The Suite at the Ridge’ in Hocking Hills, Ohio. The Airbnb itself wasn’t crazy lovely or anything, but it was perfectly fine, and you’re there to be around the animals anyways. Unfortunately, I can’t post pictures here because I have some I’d love to share.
“Edit 2: I can’t seem to get the listing to show up in a search, only by looking through messages and it says that the host ‘no longer has access to Airbnb’ so I’m not sure what happened. We went in January, so it wasn’t even a year ago. But if you want to look at other sites, the sanctuary is Union Ridge Wildlife Center.
“Edit 3: Don’t Google the name of the wildlife center unless you want my happy post to become a sad post. Turns out it wasn’t as wholesome as I thought it was.”
9. Van Life and Tiny Houses
One online user stated, “Van life and tiny house living.”
Another user replied, “It’s like they gentrified the trailer park.”
Another user commented, “Not where I live. We still have proper trailer parks loaded with meth, pit bulls and domestic violence.”
10. Modernizing a Historic Home
A user commented, “Buying a “fixer-upper” home and spending weekends working on it. I was really looking forward to that.”
One user responded, “I’ve seen so many nice period houses completely gutted on the inside by modern renovations. If I buy a 1930s house, I don’t want a stupid Scandinavian minimalist interior!”
11. Thrift Shopping
“Thrift shopping. I’m not *thrifting* I’m f- broke,” one user commented.
Another user added, “Sometimes I feel like it’s cheaper to buy clothes at Target or Walmart brand new than it is to buy from a thrift store.”
12. Counterculture-Based Festivals
A Redditor stated, “Counterculture-based festivals. Burning Man was on my bucket list until rich folks started showing up with bodyguards and started establishing private zones.”
One user added, “Counterculture as a whole seems to be getting gentrified. In the Netherlands, there are a lot of places you can go to that have a ‘counterculture aesthetic’ or more specifically, ‘squat aesthetic’ but have exorbitant prices. Squatting used to be vast, and multiple venues in the Netherlands (like Paradiso and Melkweg) have their humble beginnings as a squat. Ruigoord, a village close to Amsterdam that got squatted 50 years ago, also completely lost its soul and is filled with yuppies.
“Counterculture is being gentrified, sanitized and sold back to people at exorbitant prices as something ‘new, weird and hip.’”
13. The Farmer’s Market
One user posted, “Going to the farmers market.” A user replied, “I went to a farmer’s market where only one vendor sold fruits and vegetables. There were three boutique honey stands and an old white lady selling ‘native’ art. St Philips Plaza in Tucson, for anyone who knows what I’m talking about. So dumb.”
14. Houses
“Houses. We poor people would work our entire lives to own one. Property became a great investment and a way to increase wealth, so rich people bought them. Not to live in as intended but to rent to the poor and keep them poor by renting so they will never be able to save enough to afford their own.” a user added to the thread.
15. Fajitas
One Redditor shared, “Fajitas. I remember being able to get skirt steak really cheap and sometimes for free.”
One user replied, “That goes for any ‘cheap’ cut of meat.”
16. Pickup Trucks
“Pickup trucks. They used to be much cheaper,” one user posted.
Another user replied, “They’re luxury minivans now.”
17. Unrestricted Land
One user posted, “Unrestricted land. Everything gets an HOA now, and they try to force you into their jurisdiction.
“My family fought an HOA targeting my grandmother’s house. She had lived there for ten years before the HOA was even an idea, or the new area with big houses was cleared for construction before that.
“We ended up having Rock in her house, skirting, and rock under her deck due to insufficient money to fight an HOA she never signed on to.
“If an HOA comes out where I live (which might happen in the next 15 years), I will fight them tooth and nail for spite alone.”
18. Cheat Cuts of Meat
“Off cuts of meat,” shared one user.
Another user replied, “I remember when chicken wings were 10 cents because they could not give them away. Now, they are an industry. They break a wing in half and call it two wings.”
19. Concerts and Festivals
One user shared, “Concerts and festivals.”
Another Redditor added, “I agree with this one. I have lost all interest in the concert/festival experience.”
20. Brisket Burnt Ends
“Brisket burnt ends. BBQ joints used to toss them or give them away for free,” One commenter added.
Another user replied, “BBQ used to be poor people’s food. Nobody wanted to eat ribs and brisket because they are hard to cook. Now every upper-middle-class person has a smoker, and BBQ costs an arm and a leg.”
Do you agree with the things listed above? Share your thoughts below!
Source: Reddit.
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Imagine slashing your monthly mortgage payment to zero or, better yet, turning a profit from the very place you call home. This isn’t a daydream for the financially savvy few; it’s the reality of house hacking.
Through the eyes of those who’ve made it work, house hacking transforms your living situation into an opportunity for financial freedom. From young professionals to families, people across the country are finding that their biggest expense—housing—can actually become their biggest asset.
What is house hacking?
House hacking is a strategy that involves purchasing a primary residence with the intention of living in one part while renting out the rest as a rental property. This could mean buying a multifamily home and living in one unit, renting out the others, or even renting out spare bedrooms in a single-family home. The rent collected from tenants goes towards the mortgage and other property-related expenses, potentially allowing the owner to live for free or even make a profit.
A Spectrum of Possibilities
The beauty of house hacking lies in its flexibility. Here are a few scenarios to illustrate its range:
The Multi-Unit Maven: Alex buys a duplex, lives in one unit, and rents out the other. The rent from the second unit covers the mortgage, meaning Alex lives mortgage-free.
The Single-Family Sharer: Jamie purchases a four-bedroom house, occupies one room, and rents out the other three. The rental income covers all housing costs.
The Basement Dweller: Casey acquires a home with a separate basement apartment. Living in the basement, Casey rents out the main floor, using the rent to pay the mortgage and save for future investments.
These examples highlight how you can house hack to adapt to different housing markets, personal living preferences, and financial goals. Whether you’re drawn to the idea of living rent-free, eager to dive into real estate investment, or looking for a way to reduce your housing expenses, house hacking offers a practical path to achieving your objectives.
Tailoring the Strategy to Your Lifestyle
Choosing the right house hacking approach depends on your lifestyle, financial goals, and how comfortable you are sharing your space. Considerations include the type of investment property, your desired level of interaction with tenants, and local market conditions. The key is to find a balance that works for you, ensuring your home remains a comfortable place for you while optimizing its income potential.
By embracing the concept of house hacking, you can transform your approach to homeownership, turning a typically expensive part of your life into a source of income. With careful planning and a bit of creativity, your journey towards financial independence might just start at your own front door.
Benefits of House Hacking
House hacking isn’t just a real estate strategy; it’s a lifestyle adjustment that opens doors to numerous financial and personal benefits. Let’s dive into the advantages, supported by real-world examples and data, to understand why so many are turning to house hacking as a way to improve their financial health.
Financial Freedom Faster
One of the most compelling benefits of house hacking is the accelerated path it provides toward financial freedom. By significantly reducing or eliminating one of life’s largest expenses—housing—you can allocate funds towards paying down debt, investing, or saving for future goals.
For instance, consider the case of Sam, who purchased a triplex, lived in one unit, and rented out the other two. The rental income not only covered the mortgage but also allowed Sam to save an additional $1,000 a month. This extra savings contributed to Sam’s ability to retire early, a dream that seemed unreachable before house hacking.
Access to Better Financing Options
House hackers often enjoy more favorable financing terms. Owner-occupants can qualify for lower down payments and better interest rates compared to traditional investment property loans.
For example, an FHA loan might require as little as 3.5% down for a multi-unit property, provided one of the units will be owner-occupied. This lower barrier to entry makes real estate investment accessible to more people. Data shows that owner-occupied financing options can save homeowners thousands of dollars over the life of a loan, making the investment in house hacking even more appealing.
Learning the Ropes of Real Estate Investing
House hacking serves as an invaluable hands-on education in real estate investing and property management. This benefit is difficult to quantify, but incredibly valuable.
Take Angela, who started her real estate journey through house hacking. By managing her duplex, Angela gained firsthand experience in screening tenants, handling maintenance issues, and understanding the financial aspects of real estate investments. This knowledge empowered her to expand her portfolio and become a full-time real estate investor.
Tax Advantages
House hacking can also lead to potential tax deductions, including mortgage interest, property taxes, and expenses related to renting out part of your home. These deductions can significantly lower your taxable income.
For example, let’s say John allocates 50% of his property’s square footage to tenant use. John can deduct 50% of the mortgage interest, property taxes, and maintenance expenses on his tax return, providing a substantial financial benefit at the end of the fiscal year.
Building Wealth Over Time
House hacking stands out not just for its immediate financial relief on living expenses but also for its profound long-term impact on wealth accumulation. By strategically applying rental income towards mortgage payments, those who house hack effectively build equity without dipping into personal savings. This method of leveraging other people’s money accelerates wealth building, offering a tangible path to increasing net worth over the years.
Instead of allocating a significant portion of their income towards housing, house hackers can redirect these funds into savings, investments, or debt reduction. This shift not only enhances financial security but also amplifies the potential for future financial growth
While outcomes can vary based on numerous factors like market dynamics and property management, the foundational strategy of house hacking provides a compelling approach to financial independence and wealth building.
Case Studies That Inspire
The real magic of house hacking comes alive through the stories of those who’ve embraced it. From the young professional who used house hacking to eliminate student debt to the couple that built a real estate empire starting with a single house hack, these narratives underscore the transformative power of this strategy.
By analyzing their journeys, we uncover a common thread—a strategic approach to living and real estate investing that turns conventional wisdom on its head and opens up new possibilities for financial independence.
Exploring Your Options: Five House Hacking Strategies
So, now that you understand what housing hacking is and what the benefits are, how do you get started? Well, depending on your goals, here are four different ways you can go about it.
1. Rent out a portion of your home
The most common way to get started house hacking is by buying a home and then renting out a portion of it. For instance, if you bought a two-story home, you could rent out the downstairs. Or, if you buy a home with a finished basement, you could live upstairs and rent out the basement.
This house hacking strategy is good in low-cost living areas because the rental income could actually cover your monthly mortgage payments. However, this may not work out in parts of the country that have a high cost of living.
2. Rent out your home entirely
If renting out a portion of your home isn’t enough to move the needle financially, then you could try renting your entire house. This could be a suitable option for anyone who is young and able to find an alternative, affordable living situation.
For instance, if you could temporarily live in a trailer or rent an apartment with a roommate, you could rent out your home for more money. This would allow you to pay off the house and cover your monthly rent payments.
3. Rent out by the room
If you’re just looking for a little extra money every month and don’t want to sacrifice the majority of your home, you could just try renting out one room. For instance, if you have a large four-bedroom home, you could rent out one room.
This gives you some extra money to put toward your mortgage payments, but you still get to enjoy the benefits of being a homeowner.
4. Rent out an additional unit
Many of the options on this list are ideal for young, single people. But what if you’re married and have a family? In that case, the idea of living with full-time roommates might not interest you.
If so, you could buy a multifamily property and rent out the other units. You could also rent out units attached to your home. This could be a unit that either comes with the house or one that you build yourself.
This will take some effort because you’ll need to fix it up and turn it into a space someone would want to rent. But if you have the interest, this could be the best way to house hack your primary residence while still protecting your family’s personal space.
5. Do a live-in flip
Live-in flipping is a popular real estate investment strategy where the investor purchases a residential property and lives in it while making improvements to increase the property’s value. The investor will then resell the property at a higher price than they originally paid for it, resulting in a profit. This strategy is often used by investors who are looking to build equity quickly.
Living in the property allows you to get to know the neighborhood, research the local market, and avoid paying rent while working on the property. The improvements you make can include anything from painting and landscaping to remodeling the interior of the home.
Legal and Tax Implications of House Hacking
Venturing into house hacking offers financial benefits but also introduces a set of legal and tax considerations that are crucial for a successful strategy. Here’s a concise overview to guide you through these aspects:
Local Zoning Laws
Zoning Requirements: Check your local zoning ordinances to ensure that your house hacking plans comply with regulations regarding rental properties, especially if you intend to modify a single-family home into a multi-unit property.
Permits: Obtain any necessary permits for renovations or conversions to avoid legal issues and ensure the safety and legality of your property for tenants.
Tax Benefits and Liabilities
Rental Income Reporting: Understand that rental income must be reported on your tax returns. Proper documentation of income and expenses is essential for accurate reporting.
Deductible Expenses: Familiarize yourself with what can be deducted, such as mortgage interest, property taxes, maintenance costs, insurance, and depreciation. These deductions can significantly reduce your taxable income.
Capital Gains: If you sell your property for a profit, be aware of capital gains tax. Living in the property for two of the five years before selling can qualify you for an exclusion on capital gains tax up to a certain limit.
Compliance with Landlord-Tenant Laws
Legal Responsibilities: As a landlord, you’ll need to adhere to state and federal laws regarding tenant rights, fair housing, and safety standards. This includes understanding eviction procedures, security deposit regulations, and the requirement for habitable living conditions.
Proper Reporting and Documentation
Keeping Records: Maintain meticulous records of all financial transactions, leases, and communications with tenants. This documentation will be vital for tax purposes and in the event of legal disputes.
Professional Advice
Consultation: Given the complexity of tax laws and real estate regulations, consulting with a tax professional and a real estate attorney can provide tailored advice and ensure you’re maximizing your benefits while minimizing legal risks.
House Hacking Checklist: Preparing for Success
House hacking requires careful planning and consideration. To ensure you’re well-prepared, we’ve compiled a comprehensive checklist. This guide will help you work through the initial stages, make informed decisions, and set you up for a successful house hacking experience.
1. Assess Your Financial Readiness
Evaluate Your Financial Health: Check your credit score, debt-to-income ratio, and savings. Your financial stability will affect loan approval and interest rates.
Budget for Upfront Costs: Calculate potential down payments, closing costs, renovation expenses, and an emergency fund for unexpected repairs.
2. Understand Financing Options
Research Loan Types: Familiarize yourself with different mortgage options, including FHA loans, conventional loans, and VA loans, if applicable.
Pre-Approval: Before house hunting, get pre-approved for a mortgage to understand how much you can afford and demonstrate your seriousness to sellers.
3. Choose the Right Property
Analyze the Potential ROI: When selecting a property, assess key return on investment (ROI) metrics, including cash flow, cash-on-cash return, net operating income (NOI), and cap rate. These metrics will help you understand the financial performance and potential profitability of the property.
Location: Select a location with high rental demand, considering factors like proximity to schools, employment centers, and public transportation.
Property Type: Decide whether a single-family home, multifamily property, or another type of property, suits your goals and budget best.
Condition: Be realistic about the amount of work you can handle. A fixer-upper may offer a higher return but requires more investment upfront.
4. Plan for Landlord Responsibilities
Understand Landlord-Tenant Laws: Research local laws regarding landlord responsibilities, eviction processes, and tenant rights.
Create a Lease Agreement: Draft a clear and comprehensive lease agreement that outlines rent, rules, and responsibilities. Consider seeking the advice of a legal professional.
5. Prepare for Property Management
Tenant Screening: Develop a process for screening tenants, including credit and background checks, to ensure reliability and compatibility.
Maintenance and Repairs: Plan for regular maintenance and emergency repairs. Consider whether you’ll handle repairs yourself or hire professionals.
6. Consider Privacy and Lifestyle Changes
Set Boundaries: Think about how you’ll maintain privacy and manage shared spaces, especially if renting out part of your primary residence.
Adjust Expectations: Living with tenants or managing a rental property can bring challenges. Be prepared for a lifestyle adjustment.
7. Develop an Exit Strategy
Long-Term Goals: Consider your long-term real estate and financial goals. How does house hacking fit into your broader investment strategy?
Resale Considerations: Keep potential resale value in mind when choosing and maintaining your property. Making wise improvements can enhance future profitability.
8. Continuous Learning
Educate Yourself: Real estate and property management are complex fields. Continually seek knowledge through books, podcasts, and networking with experienced investors.
This checklist is your starting point for a thoughtful and structured approach to house hacking. By addressing each item, you’re laying a solid foundation for your real estate investment journey, poised to navigate the challenges and reap the rewards of this strategic endeavor.
Bottom Line
House hacking is a creative way to pay off your mortgage, improve your monthly cash flow, and gain real estate experience. You can begin house hacking as a way to earn a little extra cash every month, or you could treat it like a long-term real estate investment strategy. You can put as much or as little into it as you want.
Just make sure you do your due diligence before getting started. Make any necessary adjustments to the house, choose your tenants carefully, and take your responsibilities as a landlord seriously. This allows you to make the most of your house hacking experience.
Imagine slashing your monthly mortgage payment to zero or, better yet, turning a profit from the very place you call home. This isn’t a daydream for the financially savvy few; it’s the reality of house hacking.
Through the eyes of those who’ve made it work, house hacking transforms your living situation into an opportunity for financial freedom. From young professionals to families, people across the country are finding that their biggest expense—housing—can actually become their biggest asset.
What is house hacking?
House hacking is a strategy that involves purchasing a primary residence with the intention of living in one part while renting out the rest as a rental property. This could mean buying a multifamily home and living in one unit, renting out the others, or even renting out spare bedrooms in a single-family home. The rent collected from tenants goes towards the mortgage and other property-related expenses, potentially allowing the owner to live for free or even make a profit.
A Spectrum of Possibilities
The beauty of house hacking lies in its flexibility. Here are a few scenarios to illustrate its range:
The Multi-Unit Maven: Alex buys a duplex, lives in one unit, and rents out the other. The rent from the second unit covers the mortgage, meaning Alex lives mortgage-free.
The Single-Family Sharer: Jamie purchases a four-bedroom house, occupies one room, and rents out the other three. The rental income covers all housing costs.
The Basement Dweller: Casey acquires a home with a separate basement apartment. Living in the basement, Casey rents out the main floor, using the rent to pay the mortgage and save for future investments.
These examples highlight how you can house hack to adapt to different housing markets, personal living preferences, and financial goals. Whether you’re drawn to the idea of living rent-free, eager to dive into real estate investment, or looking for a way to reduce your housing expenses, house hacking offers a practical path to achieving your objectives.
Tailoring the Strategy to Your Lifestyle
Choosing the right house hacking approach depends on your lifestyle, financial goals, and how comfortable you are sharing your space. Considerations include the type of investment property, your desired level of interaction with tenants, and local market conditions. The key is to find a balance that works for you, ensuring your home remains a comfortable place for you while optimizing its income potential.
By embracing the concept of house hacking, you can transform your approach to homeownership, turning a typically expensive part of your life into a source of income. With careful planning and a bit of creativity, your journey towards financial independence might just start at your own front door.
Benefits of House Hacking
House hacking isn’t just a real estate strategy; it’s a lifestyle adjustment that opens doors to numerous financial and personal benefits. Let’s dive into the advantages, supported by real-world examples and data, to understand why so many are turning to house hacking as a way to improve their financial health.
Financial Freedom Faster
One of the most compelling benefits of house hacking is the accelerated path it provides toward financial freedom. By significantly reducing or eliminating one of life’s largest expenses—housing—you can allocate funds towards paying down debt, investing, or saving for future goals.
For instance, consider the case of Sam, who purchased a triplex, lived in one unit, and rented out the other two. The rental income not only covered the mortgage but also allowed Sam to save an additional $1,000 a month. This extra savings contributed to Sam’s ability to retire early, a dream that seemed unreachable before house hacking.
Access to Better Financing Options
House hackers often enjoy more favorable financing terms. Owner-occupants can qualify for lower down payments and better interest rates compared to traditional investment property loans.
For example, an FHA loan might require as little as 3.5% down for a multi-unit property, provided one of the units will be owner-occupied. This lower barrier to entry makes real estate investment accessible to more people. Data shows that owner-occupied financing options can save homeowners thousands of dollars over the life of a loan, making the investment in house hacking even more appealing.
Learning the Ropes of Real Estate Investing
House hacking serves as an invaluable hands-on education in real estate investing and property management. This benefit is difficult to quantify, but incredibly valuable.
Take Angela, who started her real estate journey through house hacking. By managing her duplex, Angela gained firsthand experience in screening tenants, handling maintenance issues, and understanding the financial aspects of real estate investments. This knowledge empowered her to expand her portfolio and become a full-time real estate investor.
Tax Advantages
House hacking can also lead to potential tax deductions, including mortgage interest, property taxes, and expenses related to renting out part of your home. These deductions can significantly lower your taxable income.
For example, let’s say John allocates 50% of his property’s square footage to tenant use. John can deduct 50% of the mortgage interest, property taxes, and maintenance expenses on his tax return, providing a substantial financial benefit at the end of the fiscal year.
Building Wealth Over Time
House hacking stands out not just for its immediate financial relief on living expenses but also for its profound long-term impact on wealth accumulation. By strategically applying rental income towards mortgage payments, those who house hack effectively build equity without dipping into personal savings. This method of leveraging other people’s money accelerates wealth building, offering a tangible path to increasing net worth over the years.
Instead of allocating a significant portion of their income towards housing, house hackers can redirect these funds into savings, investments, or debt reduction. This shift not only enhances financial security but also amplifies the potential for future financial growth
While outcomes can vary based on numerous factors like market dynamics and property management, the foundational strategy of house hacking provides a compelling approach to financial independence and wealth building.
Case Studies That Inspire
The real magic of house hacking comes alive through the stories of those who’ve embraced it. From the young professional who used house hacking to eliminate student debt to the couple that built a real estate empire starting with a single house hack, these narratives underscore the transformative power of this strategy.
By analyzing their journeys, we uncover a common thread—a strategic approach to living and real estate investing that turns conventional wisdom on its head and opens up new possibilities for financial independence.
Exploring Your Options: Five House Hacking Strategies
So, now that you understand what housing hacking is and what the benefits are, how do you get started? Well, depending on your goals, here are four different ways you can go about it.
1. Rent out a portion of your home
The most common way to get started house hacking is by buying a home and then renting out a portion of it. For instance, if you bought a two-story home, you could rent out the downstairs. Or, if you buy a home with a finished basement, you could live upstairs and rent out the basement.
This house hacking strategy is good in low-cost living areas because the rental income could actually cover your monthly mortgage payments. However, this may not work out in parts of the country that have a high cost of living.
2. Rent out your home entirely
If renting out a portion of your home isn’t enough to move the needle financially, then you could try renting your entire house. This could be a suitable option for anyone who is young and able to find an alternative, affordable living situation.
For instance, if you could temporarily live in a trailer or rent an apartment with a roommate, you could rent out your home for more money. This would allow you to pay off the house and cover your monthly rent payments.
3. Rent out by the room
If you’re just looking for a little extra money every month and don’t want to sacrifice the majority of your home, you could just try renting out one room. For instance, if you have a large four-bedroom home, you could rent out one room.
This gives you some extra money to put toward your mortgage payments, but you still get to enjoy the benefits of being a homeowner.
4. Rent out an additional unit
Many of the options on this list are ideal for young, single people. But what if you’re married and have a family? In that case, the idea of living with full-time roommates might not interest you.
If so, you could buy a multifamily property and rent out the other units. You could also rent out units attached to your home. This could be a unit that either comes with the house or one that you build yourself.
This will take some effort because you’ll need to fix it up and turn it into a space someone would want to rent. But if you have the interest, this could be the best way to house hack your primary residence while still protecting your family’s personal space.
5. Do a live-in flip
Live-in flipping is a popular real estate investment strategy where the investor purchases a residential property and lives in it while making improvements to increase the property’s value. The investor will then resell the property at a higher price than they originally paid for it, resulting in a profit. This strategy is often used by investors who are looking to build equity quickly.
Living in the property allows you to get to know the neighborhood, research the local market, and avoid paying rent while working on the property. The improvements you make can include anything from painting and landscaping to remodeling the interior of the home.
Legal and Tax Implications of House Hacking
Venturing into house hacking offers financial benefits but also introduces a set of legal and tax considerations that are crucial for a successful strategy. Here’s a concise overview to guide you through these aspects:
Local Zoning Laws
Zoning Requirements: Check your local zoning ordinances to ensure that your house hacking plans comply with regulations regarding rental properties, especially if you intend to modify a single-family home into a multi-unit property.
Permits: Obtain any necessary permits for renovations or conversions to avoid legal issues and ensure the safety and legality of your property for tenants.
Tax Benefits and Liabilities
Rental Income Reporting: Understand that rental income must be reported on your tax returns. Proper documentation of income and expenses is essential for accurate reporting.
Deductible Expenses: Familiarize yourself with what can be deducted, such as mortgage interest, property taxes, maintenance costs, insurance, and depreciation. These deductions can significantly reduce your taxable income.
Capital Gains: If you sell your property for a profit, be aware of capital gains tax. Living in the property for two of the five years before selling can qualify you for an exclusion on capital gains tax up to a certain limit.
Compliance with Landlord-Tenant Laws
Legal Responsibilities: As a landlord, you’ll need to adhere to state and federal laws regarding tenant rights, fair housing, and safety standards. This includes understanding eviction procedures, security deposit regulations, and the requirement for habitable living conditions.
Proper Reporting and Documentation
Keeping Records: Maintain meticulous records of all financial transactions, leases, and communications with tenants. This documentation will be vital for tax purposes and in the event of legal disputes.
Professional Advice
Consultation: Given the complexity of tax laws and real estate regulations, consulting with a tax professional and a real estate attorney can provide tailored advice and ensure you’re maximizing your benefits while minimizing legal risks.
House Hacking Checklist: Preparing for Success
House hacking requires careful planning and consideration. To ensure you’re well-prepared, we’ve compiled a comprehensive checklist. This guide will help you work through the initial stages, make informed decisions, and set you up for a successful house hacking experience.
1. Assess Your Financial Readiness
Evaluate Your Financial Health: Check your credit score, debt-to-income ratio, and savings. Your financial stability will affect loan approval and interest rates.
Budget for Upfront Costs: Calculate potential down payments, closing costs, renovation expenses, and an emergency fund for unexpected repairs.
2. Understand Financing Options
Research Loan Types: Familiarize yourself with different mortgage options, including FHA loans, conventional loans, and VA loans, if applicable.
Pre-Approval: Before house hunting, get pre-approved for a mortgage to understand how much you can afford and demonstrate your seriousness to sellers.
3. Choose the Right Property
Analyze the Potential ROI: When selecting a property, assess key return on investment (ROI) metrics, including cash flow, cash-on-cash return, net operating income (NOI), and cap rate. These metrics will help you understand the financial performance and potential profitability of the property.
Location: Select a location with high rental demand, considering factors like proximity to schools, employment centers, and public transportation.
Property Type: Decide whether a single-family home, multifamily property, or another type of property, suits your goals and budget best.
Condition: Be realistic about the amount of work you can handle. A fixer-upper may offer a higher return but requires more investment upfront.
4. Plan for Landlord Responsibilities
Understand Landlord-Tenant Laws: Research local laws regarding landlord responsibilities, eviction processes, and tenant rights.
Create a Lease Agreement: Draft a clear and comprehensive lease agreement that outlines rent, rules, and responsibilities. Consider seeking the advice of a legal professional.
5. Prepare for Property Management
Tenant Screening: Develop a process for screening tenants, including credit and background checks, to ensure reliability and compatibility.
Maintenance and Repairs: Plan for regular maintenance and emergency repairs. Consider whether you’ll handle repairs yourself or hire professionals.
6. Consider Privacy and Lifestyle Changes
Set Boundaries: Think about how you’ll maintain privacy and manage shared spaces, especially if renting out part of your primary residence.
Adjust Expectations: Living with tenants or managing a rental property can bring challenges. Be prepared for a lifestyle adjustment.
7. Develop an Exit Strategy
Long-Term Goals: Consider your long-term real estate and financial goals. How does house hacking fit into your broader investment strategy?
Resale Considerations: Keep potential resale value in mind when choosing and maintaining your property. Making wise improvements can enhance future profitability.
8. Continuous Learning
Educate Yourself: Real estate and property management are complex fields. Continually seek knowledge through books, podcasts, and networking with experienced investors.
This checklist is your starting point for a thoughtful and structured approach to house hacking. By addressing each item, you’re laying a solid foundation for your real estate investment journey, poised to navigate the challenges and reap the rewards of this strategic endeavor.
Bottom Line
House hacking is a creative way to pay off your mortgage, improve your monthly cash flow, and gain real estate experience. You can begin house hacking as a way to earn a little extra cash every month, or you could treat it like a long-term real estate investment strategy. You can put as much or as little into it as you want.
Just make sure you do your due diligence before getting started. Make any necessary adjustments to the house, choose your tenants carefully, and take your responsibilities as a landlord seriously. This allows you to make the most of your house hacking experience.
If you’ve been actively house hunting for a while, chances are you’ve come across a real estate listing that was referred to as a HUD home. But what exactly does that mean? Is this type of home worth considering as your next purchase?
Discover everything you need to know about HUD homes and whether this type of home is right for you. While there is some risk involved, the potential for reward is also great. So read on and see if you should start searching for HUD homes in your area.
What is a HUD home?
Owned by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), a HUD home is a type of residential foreclosure. Traditional foreclosures occur when a homeowner defaults on their home loan.
If they can’t reach a repayment agreement with their lender, the lender takes ownership of the property. Then, the lender lists the property for sale to get the balance owed on the mortgage loan.
FHA Insurance and Its Impact
Foreclosed properties often sell well below the amount owed to the lender, who then takes a loss on the property. However, if the home is insured by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA), the foreclosure process happens a little differently.
The Federal Housing Administration is actually a department within HUD. It doesn’t make loans directly, but it does help ensure borrowers with a specific type of loan to help encourage homeownership. The FHA also provides mortgage insurance to FHA-approved lenders.
FHA mortgages entice lenders to originate and fund the loan since underwriting standards are slightly less stringent than a conventional loan.
However, when a home financed by an FHA loan goes into foreclosure, HUD reimburses the original lender for the outstanding loan balance. HUD then takes over ownership and sells it to compensate for the cost it paid to the lender.
The Process of Buying a HUD Home
When a regular home is listed for sale, the seller works with their real estate agent to come up with a price based on comparable houses in the area.
When a HUD home is put on the market, it goes through an appraisal process to determine its fair market value. The list price also considers any necessary repairs that are needed in the home.
The HUD Bidding System
With a normal listing, you’d tour the house and make an offer to the seller via your respective real estate agents. It specifically helps to work with an agent who has experience with HUD homes, but it’s not necessary.
While you still tour HUD homes with your real estate agent, the offer process is entirely different. Rather than making a traditional offer, you place a bid. If your agent is registered with HUD, they can submit the bid online for you.
There is a designated bid period. Once yours is submitted, they will compare it to any other bids that have been received. If yours is the highest offer, you’ll get an acknowledgment from HUD.
At that time, your agent will send you a contract, which you have 48 hours to submit to your regional HUD office. This is the only way to lock in the home and get the ownership underway. Otherwise, they could put it back on the market. So, always submit your documents in a timely manner.
HUD Home Buying Process
You often only get one shot at placing an offer on a HUD home, so it’s important to develop an informed strategy beforehand. While you may think it warrants an automatic lowball offer, this isn’t necessarily the case, especially if you live in a competitive real estate market.
In addition to looking at comps in the area and the home’s condition, you can also base your offer on the length of time the home has been on the market. If it’s new on the market, you probably don’t want to come in too low on your offer price. This is unless you’re only interested in the property at a certain price point.
HUD Home Costs and Financing Options
HUD often accepts offers between 85% and 88% of the list price. That’s a good frame of reference when developing your bid unless, of course, someone comes in with a higher offer. If the property has been on the market for several months, you definitely have more leverage in making a lower offer.
Your deposit will generally range from $500 – $2,000. Your mortgage payments will depend on how much your down payment is. The higher your down payment amount, the lower your mortgage payments will be. Closing costs usually average to be about 3-4% of the purchase price of a home. However, if you buy a HUD home, HUD may pay most of your closing costs.
Assessing Risks and Rewards in ‘As-Is’ HUD Home Sales
That’s because, unlike most regular listings, HUD homes are sold as-is. So, regardless of what work needs to be done, HUD will not take care of it to sell the house. But, of course, this is typically true of any foreclosed property.
That’s why it’s vital to have an inspection completed before you make an offer. Unlike other buying processes, you should have the inspection done first. Then, use it to inform your bid offer because you can’t renegotiate based on the results.
It’s definitely worth spending a couple of hundred dollars to ensure the needed renovations are within your scope.
Pros and Cons of Buying a HUD Home
Purchasing a HUD home can be an attractive option for many buyers, offering a unique blend of financial advantages and potential challenges. Understanding these pros and cons is crucial in making an informed decision.
Pros
Competitive pricing: One of the most significant benefits of HUD homes is their affordability. These properties are typically priced below-market value, providing an excellent opportunity for buyers to secure a home at a reduced cost. This pricing advantage makes HUD homes particularly appealing to first-time buyers and those looking for good value in the housing market.
Accessible down payments: HUD homes often come with the advantage of requiring lower down payments. In some cases, buyers may be eligible to make a down payment as low as 3.5% of the purchase price. This lower threshold can make homeownership more accessible, especially for those who may struggle to save for a larger down payment required in traditional home purchases.
Reduced Closing costs: Another financial benefit of purchasing a HUD home is the potential for lower closing costs. HUD may cover a portion of these costs, reducing the overall expenses that buyers need to pay out-of-pocket. This can make the process of buying a home more affordable and less daunting financially.
Cons
‘As-Is’ condition: One of the primary challenges of buying a HUD home is that they are sold in ‘as-is’ condition. This means that the buyer assumes responsibility for all repairs and renovations needed, which can sometimes be extensive. Potential buyers should carefully consider the condition of the property and be prepared for the possibility of unforeseen repair expenses.
Lengthier closing process: The process of closing on a HUD home can be more time-consuming compared to traditional home purchases. This is due to the additional paperwork, approvals, and procedures required by the government. Buyers should be prepared for a potentially prolonged process and factor this into their planning.
Additional financial considerations: While HUD homes can offer lower initial costs, they may require additional financial commitments, such as escrow deposits for repairs. These added expenses can arise from the need to address issues not covered under the ‘as-is’ purchase agreement. It’s important for buyers to be aware of and budget for these potential extra costs.
Financing Your HUD Home Purchase
You don’t need your full offer price in cash; in fact, you can use just about any loan type. The trick is to make sure the home’s condition qualifies for the loan type’s eligibility requirements.
Government-backed loans such as FHA, VA, and USDA loans have stricter requirements than conventional loans. For example, an appraiser for FHA loans looks for the following items:
A lot sloping away from the house
Windows in each bedroom
Chipped lead paint (in pre-1978 homes)
Handrails on stairs
Sufficient heating system
Solid roof and foundation
If the HUD property does not meet these basic requirements, you’ll need to find alternative financing. A conventional loan appraisal is more concerned about the home’s market value and comes with stricter credit and income requirements.
There are options, however, to finance repairs. One is a 203(B) loan, which allows you to finance up to $5,000 in repairs. The other is a 203(K) loan, which finances up to $35,000 in repairs.
Finding HUD Homes in Your Area
Your real estate agent can help you locate HUD homes in your area, especially if that’s their area of expertise. However, to start looking on your own, you can access HUD’s database of homes for sale. This online tool allows you to search several criteria to find the home you want in a specific location.
You can search by state, county, or city, as well as price range and home features. In addition to the number of bedrooms, bathrooms, and square footage, you have the option to search for a limited number of special features, including:
Fireplace or wood stove
Single or multiple stories
Outdoor amenities, like patio, pool, porch, or fence
Parking type
Housing type
Property age
Despite not being as user-friendly as a site like Zillow, the HUD website allows you to browse listings and find something that meets your needs.
Can investors buy HUD properties?
Purchasing a foreclosed home as an investment can be a great idea, assuming you’ve done ample research into your local market.
If you’re ready to jump into the real estate game as a landlord or Airbnb host, you should certainly add the HUD portal to your property source list. However, it’s important to realize that there are a few restrictions for investors.
As we mentioned earlier, HUD properties are listed in bidding periods. The first period is an “exclusive listing period” and only accepts offers from owner-occupant buyers, non-profit organizations, and government entities. In other words, they are initially offered to buyers who intend to live in them as their primary residence.
After that 15-day period, if no offer has been submitted, HUD opens up an extended bidding period to investors. At that point, you may submit a bid to purchase the property as some type of investment.
What happens if a HUD property is not sold?
HUD lists its foreclosure homes for six months before taking other actions. If the home is not sold within that time frame, they can sell the property to a nonprofit or government agency for $1. The home must then be transformed into either affordable housing for families within the community, or benefit the area in some other way.
HUD also offers programs for public servants such as teachers and police officers. This program, called the Good Neighbor Next Door, provides teachers, police officers, firefighters, and EMTs with a 50% discount off the list price of eligible HUD homes.
This program aims to revitalize and strengthen communities by having public servants live and work in the same place.
Is a HUD Home Right for You?
Be aware of the potential for both risk and reward. Start by evaluating your wishlist for a home, whether it’s for yourself or as an investment.
If you’re looking for a move-in ready house, it may not be right for you. It’s also not a good idea if you’re risk-averse. Even if you perform a home inspection, it may not catch every single problem with a home.
Even after the former owner vacates the property, it takes time for the original lender to process the paperwork and transfer the property to HUD. Then HUD must perform an appraisal and go through the listing process. This lengthy process can lead to additional neglect and damage incurred to the property.
The Reality of Distressed Properties
On the plus side, you may have the opportunity to gain some quick equity, depending on the location, condition, and final sales price. This is especially true if you’re willing to buy a fixer-upper.
As long as you understand the process and the associated risks of buying a HUD home, you can potentially put yourself into a better financial situation. This includes a lower monthly mortgage payment and greater home equity.
Just be realistic about what you’re willing to put into a home (both time and money). Furthermore, play out worst-case scenarios and make sure you’re ok with each of them. With an open and informed mind, you could get a great housing deal with HUD.
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I purchase a HUD home?
You can purchase a HUD home by submitting a bid through an approved real estate broker, or by submitting an offer directly to HUD.
Who is eligible to purchase a HUD home?
Anyone can purchase a HUD home. However, certain restrictions may apply, such as income limits and owner occupancy requirements.
Is there a minimum bid requirement for HUD homes?
No, HUD does not specify a fixed minimum bid amount for its homes. The acceptable bid varies based on the property’s appraised value and market conditions. Very low bids are less likely to be accepted, especially during initial periods reserved for owner-occupants. For specific bidding information, consult the HUD Home Store or a real estate agent with HUD experience.
Can I buy a HUD home as a vacation property or second home?
HUD homes are primarily intended for buyers who will use them as their primary residence. There are specific periods during the bidding process when only owner-occupant bids are considered. However, if a HUD home remains unsold after these periods, it may become available for purchase as a vacation or second home.
Is it possible to negotiate the price of a HUD home?
Unlike traditional real estate transactions, the price of a HUD home is generally non-negotiable. HUD homes are priced at fair market value, considering their condition. The bidding process is the primary way to determine the final sale price, and HUD will accept the highest reasonable offer.
How long does it take to close on a HUD home after my bid is accepted?
The closing process for a HUD home can vary, but it generally takes longer than a traditional home purchase. Typically, you can expect the closing process to take anywhere from 30 to 60 days from the acceptance of your bid. This timeframe can be affected by various factors, including the type of financing and the specific procedures of your local HUD office.
Are HUD homes eligible for home warranties?
HUD homes are sold ‘as-is’ and do not come with warranties. Buyers are encouraged to have a home inspection before making a bid to understand any potential issues. However, after purchase, homeowners can independently obtain home warranties from private providers for future protection.
What is the ‘Good Neighbor Next Door’ program?
The Good Neighbor Next Door program is a HUD initiative aimed at encouraging community revitalization. This program offers a significant discount (up to 50% off the list price) on eligible HUD homes to law enforcement officers, teachers, firefighters, and emergency medical technicians who commit to living in the property as their primary residence for at least 36 months.
Home renovations can be expensive. But the good news is that you don’t have to pay out of pocket.
Home improvement loans let you finance the cost of upgrades and repairs to your home.
Some — like the FHA 203(k) mortgage — are specialized for home renovation projects, while second mortgage options — like home equity loans and HELOCs — can provide cash for a remodel or any other purpose. Your best financing option for home improvements depends on your needs. Here’s what you should know.
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What is a home improvement loan?
A home improvement loan is a financial tool that allows you to borrow money for various home projects, such as repairs, renovations, or upgrades.
Unlike a secured loan like a second mortgage, home improvement loans are often unsecured personal loans, meaning you don’t have to put up your home as collateral. You get the money in a lump sum and pay it back over a predetermined period, which can range from one to seven years.
Now, you might be wondering how this is different from a home renovation loan. While the terms are often used interchangeably, there can be subtle differences.
Home improvement loans are generally more flexible and can be used for any type of home project, from installing a new roof to landscaping. Home renovation loans, on the other hand, are often more specific and may require you to use the funds for particular types of renovations, like kitchen or bathroom remodels.
How does a home improvement loan work?
So, you’ve decided to spruce up your home, and you’re considering a home improvement loan. But how does it work? Once you’re approved, the lender will give you the money in a lump sum. You start repaying the loan almost immediately, usually in fixed monthly installments. The interest rate you’ll pay depends on various factors, including your credit score and the lender’s terms.
Be mindful of additional costs like origination fees, which can range from 1% to 8% of the loan amount. Unlike a credit card, where you can keep using the available credit as you pay it off, the loan amount is fixed. If you find that you need more money for your project, you’ll have to apply for another loan, which could affect your credit score.
Home improvement loan rates
Interest rates for home improvement loans can vary widely, generally ranging from 5% to 36%. Your credit score plays a significant role in determining your rate—the better your credit, the more favorable your rate. Some lenders even offer an autopay discount if you link a bank account for automatic payments.
You can also prequalify to check your likely interest rate without affecting your credit score, making it easier to plan for the loan purpose, whether it’s a new kitchen or fixing a leaky roof.
So, whether you’re dreaming of solar panels or finally fixing up your master bedroom, a home improvement loan can be a practical way to finance your projects. Just make sure to read the fine print and understand all the terms, including any potential autopay discounts and bank account requirements, before you apply.
Types of home improvement loans
1. Home equity loan
A home equity loan (HEL) is a financial instrument that lets you borrow money using the equity you’ve built up in your home as collateral. The equity is determined by subtracting your existing mortgage loan balance from your current home value. Unlike a cash-out refinance, a home equity loan “issues loan funding as a single payment upfront. It’s similar to a second mortgage,” says Bruce Ailion, Realtor and real estate attorney. “You would continue making payments on your original mortgage while repaying the home equity loan.”
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This kind of loan is particularly useful for big, one-time expenditures like home remodeling. It offers a fixed interest rate, and the loan terms can range from five to 30 years. You could potentially borrow up to 100% of your home’s equity.
However, there are some cons to consider. Since you’re essentially taking on a second loan, you’ll have an additional monthly payment if you still have a balance on your original mortgage. Also, the lender will usually charge closing costs ranging from 2% to 5% of the loan balance, as well as potential origination fees. Because the loan provides a lump-sum payment, careful budgeting is necessary to ensure the funds are used effectively.
As a bonus, “a home equity loan, or HELOC, may also be tax-deductible,” says Doug Leever with Tropical Financial Credit Union, member FDIC. “Check with your CPA or tax advisor to be sure.”
2. HELOC (home equity line of credit)
A Home Equity Line of Credit (HELOC) is another option for tapping into your home’s equity without going through the process of a full refinance. Unlike a standard home equity loan that provides a lump sum upfront, a HELOC functions more like a credit card. You’re given a pre-approved limit and can borrow against that limit as you need, paying interest only on the amount you’ve actually borrowed.
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While there’s more flexibility because you don’t have to borrow the entire amount at once, be aware that by the end of the term, “the loan must be paid in full. Or the HELOC can convert to an amortizing loan,” says Ailion. “Note that the lender can be permitted to change the terms over the loan’s life. This can reduce the amount you can borrow if, for instance, your credit goes down.”
The pros of a HELOC include minimal or potentially no closing costs, and loan payments that vary according to how much you’ve borrowed. It offers a revolving balance, which means you can re-use the funds after repayment. This kind of financial instrument may be ideal for ongoing or long-term projects that don’t require a large sum upfront.
“HELOCs offer flexibility, and you only pull money out when needed, within the maximum loan amount. And the credit line is available for up to 10 years, which is your repayment period.” Leever says.
3. Cash-out refinance
A cash-out refinance is a viable option if you’re considering home improvements or other significant financial needs. When opting for a cash-out refinance, you essentially take on a new, larger mortgage than your existing one and then pocket the difference in cash.
This cash comes from your home’s value and can be used for various purposes, including home improvement projects like finishing a basement or remodeling a kitchen. However, the money can also be used for other things, like paying off high-interest debt, covering education expenses, or even buying a second home. Importantly, a cash-out refinance is most beneficial when current market rates are lower than your existing mortgage rate.
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The advantages of going for a cash-out refinance include the opportunity to reduce your mortgage rate or loan term, which could potentially result in paying off your home earlier. For instance, if you initially had a 30-year mortgage with 20 years remaining, you could refinance to a 15-year loan, effectively paying off your home five years ahead of schedule. Plus, you only have to worry about one mortgage payment.
However, there are downsides. Cash-out refinances tend to have higher closing costs that apply to the entire loan amount, not just the cash you’re taking out. The new loan will also have a larger balance than your current mortgage, and refinancing effectively restarts your loan term length.
4. FHA 203(k) rehab loan
The FHA 203(k) rehab loan is backed by the Federal Housing Administration that consolidates the cost of a home mortgage and home improvements into a single loan, which makes it particularly useful for those buying fixer-uppers.
Check your eligibility for an FHA 203(k) loan. Start here
With this program, you don’t need to apply for two different loans or pay closing costs twice; you finance both the house purchase and the necessary renovations at the same time. The loan comes with several benefits like a low down payment requirement of just 3.5% and a minimum credit score requirement of 620, making it accessible even if you don’t have perfect credit. Additionally, first-time home buyer status is not a requirement for this loan.
However, there are some limitations and downsides to be aware of. The FHA 203(k) loan is specifically designed for older homes in need of repairs, rather than new properties. The loan also includes both upfront and ongoing monthly mortgage insurance premiums. Renovation costs have to be at least $5,000, and the loan restricts the use of funds to certain approved home improvement projects.
According to Jon Meyer, a loan expert at The Mortgage Reports, “FHA 203(k) loans can be drawn out and difficult to get approved. If you go this route, it’s important to choose a lender and loan officer familiar with the 203(k) process.”
5. Unsecured personal loan
If you’re looking to finance home improvements but don’t have sufficient home equity, a personal loan could be a viable option. Unlike home equity lines of credit (HELOCs), personal loans are unsecured, meaning your home is not used as collateral. This feature often allows for a speedy approval process, sometimes getting you funds on the next business day or even the same day.
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The repayment terms for personal loans are less flexible, usually ranging between two and five years. Although you’ll most likely face closing costs, personal loans can be easier to access for those who don’t have much home equity to borrow against. They can also be a good choice for emergency repairs, such as a broken water heater or HVAC system that needs immediate replacement.
However, there are notable downsides to consider. Unsecured personal loans generally have higher interest rates compared to HELOCs and lower borrowing limits. The short repayment terms could put financial strain on your budget. Additionally, you may encounter prepayment penalties and expensive late fees. Financial expert Meyer describes personal loans as the “least advisable” option for homeowners, suggesting that they should be considered carefully and perhaps as a last resort.
6. Credit cards
Using a credit card can be the fastest and most straightforward way to finance your home improvement projects, eliminating the need for a lengthy loan application. However, you’ll need to be cautious about credit limits, especially if your renovation costs are high.
You might need a card with a higher limit or even multiple cards to cover the costs. The interest rates are generally higher compared to home improvement loans, but some cards offer an introductory 0% annual percentage rate (APR) for up to 18 months, which can be a good deal if you’re sure you can repay the balance within that time frame.
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Credit cards might make sense in emergency situations where you need immediate funding. For longer-term financing, though, they’re not recommended. If you do opt for credit card financing initially, you can still get a secured loan later on to clear the credit card debt, thus potentially saving on high-interest payments.
How do you choose the best home improvement loan for you?
The best home improvement loan will match your specific lifestyle needs and unique financial situation. So let’s narrow down your options with a few questions.
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Do you have home equity available?
If so, you can access the lowest rates by borrowing against the equity in your home with a cash-out refinance, a home equity loan, or a home equity line of credit.
Here are a few tips for choosing between a HELOC, home equity loan, or cash-out refi:
Can you get a lower interest rate? If so, a cash-out refinance could save money on your current mortgage and your home improvement loan simultaneously
Are you doing a big, single project like a home remodel? Consider a simple home equity loan to tap into your equity at a fixed rate
Do you have a series of remodeling projects coming up? When you plan to remodel your home room by room or project by project, a home equity line of credit (HELOC) is convenient and worth the higher loan rate compared to a simple home equity loan
Are you buying a fixer-upper?
If so, check out the FHA 203(k) program. This is the only loan on our list that bundles home improvement costs with your home purchase loan. Just review the guidelines with your loan officer to ensure you understand the disbursement of funds rules.
Taking out just one mortgage to cover both needs will save you money on closing costs and is ultimately a more straightforward process.
“The only time I’d recommend the FHA203(k) program is when buying a fixer-upper,” says Meyer. “But I would still advise homeowners to explore other loan options as well.”
Do you need funds immediately?
When you need an emergency home repair and don’t have time for a loan application, you may have to consider a personal loan or even a credit card.
Which is better?
Can you get a credit card with an introductory 0% APR? If your credit history is strong enough to qualify you for this type of card, you can use it to finance emergency repairs. But keep in mind that if you’re applying for a new credit card, it can take up to 10 business days to arrive in the mail. Later, before the 0% APR promotion expires, you can get a home equity loan or a personal loan to avoid paying the card’s variable-rate APR
Would you prefer an installment loan with a fixed rate? If so, apply for a personal loan, especially if you have excellent credit
Just remember that these options have significantly higher rates than secured loans. So you’ll want to reign in the amount you’re borrowing as much as possible and stay on top of your payments.
How to get a home improvement loan
Getting a home improvement loan is similar to getting a mortgage. You’ll want to compare rates and monthly payments, prepare your financial documentation, and then apply for the loan.
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1. Check your financial situation
Check your credit score and debt-to-income ratio. Lenders use your credit report to establish your creditworthiness. Generally speaking, lower rates go to those with higher credit scores. You’ll also want to understand your debt-to-income ratio (DTI). It tells lenders how much money you can comfortably borrow.
2. Compare lenders and loan types
Gather loan offers from multiple lenders and compare costs and terms with other types of financing. Look for any benefits, such as rate discounts, a lender might provide for enrolling in autopay. Also, keep an eye out for disadvantages, including minimum loan amounts or expensive late payment fees.
3. Gather your loan documents
Be prepared to verify your income and financial information with documentation. This includes pay stubs, W-2s (or 1099s if you’re self-employed), and bank statements, to name a few.
4. Complete the loan application process
Depending on the lender you choose, you may have a fully online loan application, one that is conducted via phone and email, or even one that is conducted in person at a local branch. In some cases, your mortgage application could be a mix of these options. Your lender will review your application and likely order a home appraisal, depending on the type of loan. You’ll get approved and receive funding if your finances are in good shape.
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Home improvement loan lenders
When considering a home improvement loan, it’s necessary to explore various lending options to find the one that best suits your needs. The lending landscape for home improvement is diverse, featuring traditional banks, credit unions, and online lenders. Each type of lender offers different interest rates, loan terms, and eligibility criteria.
It’s advisable to prequalify with multiple lenders to get an estimate of your loan rates, which generally doesn’t affect your credit score. This way, you can compare offers and choose the most favorable terms for your renovation project.
Among the popular choices in the market, Sofi and LightStream stand out for their competitive rates, easy online application, and customer-friendly terms. Both are equal housing lenders, ensuring they adhere to federal anti-discrimination laws. In addition to these, other lenders like Wells Fargo and LendingClub also offer home improvement loans with varying terms and conditions.
How can I use the money from a home improvement loan?
When you do a cash-out refinance, a home equity line of credit, or a home equity loan, you can use the proceeds on anything — even putting the cash into your checking account. You could pay off credit card debt, buy a new car, pay off student loans, or even fund a two-week vacation. But should you?
It’s your money, and you get to decide. But spending home equity on improving your home is often the best idea because you can increase the value of your home. Spending $40,000 on a new kitchen remodel or $20,000 on finishing your basement could add significant value to your home. And that investment would be appreciated along with your home.
That said, if you’re paying tons of interest on credit card debt, using your home equity to pay that off would make sense, too.
Average costs of home renovations
Home renovations can vary widely in cost depending on the scope of the project, the quality of the materials used, and the region where you live. However, here’s a general idea of what you might expect to pay for various types of home renovations.
Renovation Type
Average Cost Range
Kitchen Remodel
$10,000 – $50,000
Bathroom Remodel
$5,000 – $25,000
Master Bedroom Remodel
$1,500 – $10,000
New Roof
$5,000 – $11,000
Exterior Paint
$6,000 – $20,000
Interior Paint
$1,500 – $10,000
New Deck
$15,000 – $40,000
Solar Panel Installation
$15,000 – $25,000
Window Replacement
$5,000 – $15,000
The information is based on data from HomeGuide.com and is current as of August 2023.
Please note that these are just average figures, and the actual costs can vary. For instance, a high-end kitchen remodel could cost significantly more, especially if you’re planning to use custom cabinetry and high-end appliances. Similarly, the cost of a new deck can vary depending on the size and type of materials used.
Home improvement loans FAQ
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What type of loan is best for home improvements?
The best loan for home improvements depends on your finances. If you have accumulated a lot of equity in your home, a HELOC, or home equity loan, might be suitable. Or, you might use a cash-out refinance for home improvements if you can also lower your interest rate or shorten the current loan term. Those without equity or refinance options might use a personal loan or credit cards to fund home improvements instead.
Should I get a personal loan for home improvements?
That depends. We’d recommend looking at your options for a refinance or home equity-based loan before using a personal loan for home improvements. That’s because interest rates on personal loans are often much higher. But if you don’t have a lot of equity to borrow from, using a personal loan for home improvements might be the right move.
What credit score is needed for a home improvement loan?
The credit score requirements for a home improvement loan depend on the loan type. With an FHA 203(k) rehab loan, you likely need a good credit score of 620 or higher. Cash-out refinancing typically requires at least 620. If you use a HELOC, or home equity loan, for home improvements, you’ll need a FICO score of 680–700 or higher. For a personal loan or credit card, aim for a score in the low-to-mid 700s. These have higher interest rates than home improvement loans, but a stronger credit profile will help lower your rate.
What is the best renovation loan
If you’re buying a fixer-upper or renovating an older home, the best renovation loan might be the FHA 203(k) mortgage. The 203(k) rehab loan lets you finance (or refinance) the home and renovation costs into a single loan, so you avoid paying double closing costs and interest rates. If your home is newer or of higher value, the best renovation loan is often a cash-out refinance. This lets you tap the equity in your current home and refinance into a lower mortgage rate at the same time.
Is a home improvement loan tax deductible?
Home improvement loans are generally not tax-deductible. However, if you finance your home improvement using a refinance or home equity loan, some of the costs might be tax-deductible.
Disclaimer: The Mortgage Reports do not provide tax advice. Be sure to consult a tax professional if you have any questions about your taxes.
Shop around for your best home improvement loan
As with anything in life, it pays to compare all your options. So don’t just settle on the first loan offer you find.
Compare lenders, mortgage types, rates, and terms carefully to find the best loan for home improvements.
Time to make a move? Let us find the right mortgage for you
Mortgage rates have risen to their highest levels in more than 20 years, making it harder to afford a home. And yet, out of necessity or desire, hundreds of thousands of people buy homes every month.
With the 30-year fixed rate topping 7%, NerdWallet asked real estate agents and mortgage loan officers for advice on how home buyers can stretch their homebuying dollars in this time of high interest rates. Here are nine tactics that they suggested.
1. Ask the seller to reduce the mortgage rate
Temporary mortgage rate buydowns have become commonplace since rates surged in early 2022. With a temporary rate buydown, the seller pays a portion of the buyer’s interest payments upfront. This reduces the house payments for the first one, two or three years of ownership.
“This is a common strategy for new-home builders, but it can also be used in the purchase of resale homes,” said John Bianchi, executive vice president for loanDepot. (All sources in this story commented via email.) “Negotiating a temporary buydown with the seller can help soften the blow of high interest rates, reducing your monthly payment for one to three years.”
In one typical setup, the seller’s payment effectively cuts the buyer’s interest rate by 2 percentage points in the first year, and by 1 percentage point in the second year. After that, the buyer pays the full interest rate. This is known as a 2-1 buydown.
Another option is to reduce the mortgage rate permanently, using discount points. One discount point equals 1% of the loan amount; each point typically reduces the interest rate by around 0.25 percentage point.
“Home buyers have an opportunity to get a seller to pay for these methods to lower their interest rate,” said Chuck Vander Stelt, a real estate agent in Valparaiso, Indiana. “Some home buyers should seriously consider offering a more generous price to the seller in exchange for a large closing cost concession and then use those funds to buy down the interest rate as much as possible.”
2. Use part of your down payment to pay down debt
When you apply for a mortgage, the lender considers your total debt payments for the house, car, student loans and credit cards. Sometimes it makes sense to divert some of your intended down payment money to cut the higher-rate debt first, said David Kuiper, vice president and senior mortgage banker for Dart Bank in western Michigan.
“While the mortgage payment will be slightly higher, the total debt/payments is lower, making the proposed purchase more affordable,” Kuiper said.
3. Use home buyer assistance programs
State and local governments sponsor an abundance of programs to make homes affordable for home buyers, especially first-timers. Some programs offer down payment assistance and help with closing costs. Others offer favorable interest rates or tax credits.
Details differ from state to state. Some programs are targeted to certain counties, cities or neighborhoods. Others are intended for specific groups of people, such as teachers, first responders or renters who live in public housing. Some programs have income limits.
4. Ask the seller to finance the purchase
You can give the seller an IOU for part of the home’s value and make monthly payments directly to the seller at an interest rate that’s lower than you could get from a bank. This arrangement is called “seller financing” and has its roots in the early 1980s, when mortgage rates zoomed as high as 18%.
You might wonder why a seller would agree to such a deal. “They will often do this in order to get the price they want,” said Janie Coffey, who leads the Coffey Team with eXp Realty in St. Augustine, Florida. The seller gets full price while you get a break on the interest rate.
Seller financing usually has an end date: Within three, five or 10 years, the buyer must get a mortgage from a lender to pay off the amount owed to the seller. Coffey explained that the type of seller open to this arrangement often has paid off the mortgage “and is OK to wait for their big payoff.”
Seller financing is complex. Use an experienced real estate attorney to draw up the contract.
5. Don’t wait for a rate you like better
“If the right house comes along and the payment is affordable (even if you don’t like the interest rate), you should buy the house,” Kuiper said.
You often hear that you should buy now and refinance someday, after interest rates fall. That’s not Kuiper’s point. His point was this: If mortgage rates fall, more buyers will rush into the market. They’ll make competitive offers and drive home prices higher, “essentially wiping out any advantage of the lower interest rate.”
6. Don’t get distracted by things you don’t need
Some sellers want flexibility about the closing date, would prefer the buyer to make repairs, and are scared of accepting an offer from a buyer who ends up failing to qualify for the mortgage.
Vander Stelt advises staying focused on price with these hassle-avoidant sellers, while being flexible on the rest of the offer on the house. “Do this by offering the best terms you can, including buying the home as-is, a closing date and possession that works best for the seller, and illustrating how strong of a candidate you are to get your mortgage approved,” he said.
You can demonstrate that you’re a strong mortgage candidate by showing a preapproval letter and by sharing financial information, such as account balances that prove you have the cash for the down payment.
7. Buy a house that needs work
Buying a fixer-upper is an old-fashioned, time-tested way to save money. “If you can be patient, it’s worth buying a home that needs work and slowly fixing it up over time or taking a renovation loan to acquire the home and do the work upfront,” said Brian Koss, regional sales director for Movement Mortgage, in Danvers, Massachusetts.
8. Build a house or buy a brand-new one
“Building a new home can provide more certainty around how long you will have to wait to move in, it can provide more cost certainty, and it can save you money in the short and long term by avoiding costly remodels, appliance repairs and unexpected repairs of older parts of the home,” said Jeffrey Ruben, president of WSFS Mortgage in the Greater Philadelphia area.
Buying a new home in a development has some of the same advantages. And today’s buyers have good reason to shop for new construction because there’s a shortage of existing homes for resale.
9. Rent out part of the house
Coffey suggested using an old strategy with a trendy name — house hacking — “buying a property like a duplex, where you live in one unit and rent out the other,” she said.
If you buy a duplex, triplex or quadplex, and you live in one unit, you can include the expected rental income for the others when qualifying for a loan. In some cases, you can qualify for a mortgage using expected rental income from an accessory dwelling unit, such as a basement apartment or a tiny house in the backyard.
If you buy a home today, you’re stuck with high mortgage rates for the time being. But by employing some creativity, you might find a way to afford homeownership.
Don Jr, Eric, and Ivanka Trump have taken out a combined $22M in mortgages on their new swanky homes in Florida since relocating from New York over the last two years
DailyMail.com can reveal Ivanka and Jared Kushner lead the siblings with the highest mortgage, borrowing $15M against their $24M Indian Creek Island home which was finally completed last month
In Jupiter, about 85mi north on Florida’s east coast, Don Jr, 45, and fiancée Kimberly Guilfoyle, 54, snapped up a $9.7M pad with a $4.8M home loan, while Eric, 39, and wife Lara borrowed $2.4M on their $3.2M house
By Chris White For Dailymail.com
Published: 07:12 EST, 26 November 2023 | Updated: 19:02 EST, 26 November 2023
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He has an estimated net worth of $2.6billion according to a Forbes report last month – but Donald Trump’s fortune is pitted against $200million worth of debt from his portfolio of luxury real estate, resorts, and golf courses.
And just like their famous father, Don Jr, 45, Eric, 39, and Ivanka Trump, 42, have followed suit in taking out massive loans to invest in their own swanky mansions and property.
DailyMail.com can reveal the three oldest Trump siblings took out massive mortgages, all at virtually the same time two years ago, totaling over $22million.
The hefty investments came when the family left New York and began putting down roots in Florida – where Trump relocated after losing the 2020 presidential election.
DailyMail.com can reveal Ivanka Trump and Jared Kushner took out a $15million mortgage on their $24million fixer-upper on Indian Creek Island in April 2021, a few months after they moved from Washington, D.C. to Miami. The couple’s monthly payment on their home loan is around $111,000
Miami Beach’s exclusive Indian Creek Island is known as ‘Billionaire Bunker’. The couple spent two years and spared no expense when they gutted and redesigned their new residence, which boasts six bedrooms and eight-and-a-half bathrooms
Jared and Ivanka finally moved into their newly renovated mansion with their three children, Arabella, Joseph, and Theodore in October.
And now, DailyMail.com can reveal that Ivanka and husband Jared Kushner took out the highest mortgage out of all the Trump kids for their new Florida digs.
The couple borrowed $15million for the $24million property they purchased in April 2021 on Miami Beach’s exclusive Indian Creek Island, known as ‘Billionaire Bunker’.
The home loan was obtained from Bank of America through an LLC linked to Kushner’s general counsel, Christopher Smith.
The deal is for 15 years and at the time would have been secured at a 3 per cent going interest rate, working out to a payment of around $111,000 a month.
Trump and Kushner, both 42, took more than two years and spared no expense when they gutted and redesigned their new residence, which boasts six bedrooms and eight-and-a-half bathrooms.
The extensive renovation project on the 1.3-acre estate was finally completed last month, just in time for Ivanka to celebrate her 42nd birthday with a dinner party at the palatial property.
Donald Trump Jr. and fiancee Kimberly Guilfoyle took out a $4.8million mortgage on the 11,000-square-foot mansion they snapped up in the exclusive gated community of Admirals Cove, in Jupiter, for $9.7 million in March 2021
The home loan for the six-bedroom, 11-bath mansion was obtained by Valley National Bank for 30 years and breaks down to approximately $29,500 a month, plus property tax
The political power couple joined the list of rich and famous residents in Admirals Cove, located just 20 miles from Mar-a-Lago
New aerial images of the resort-style property show its expansive sun deck, perfect for enjoying the balmy Florida heat year-round.
The private 300-acre Indian Creek Island’s wealthy residents include retired NFL legend Tom Brady and, most recently, Amazon’s Jeff Bezos, who purchased two neighboring mansions for $79million and $68million in the last three months.
The island has 34 homes, around 42 residents, and its own private 13-person police force that guard the single bridge to get on and off the estate, as well as a 24-hour marine patrol.
Meanwhile, about 85 miles north on Florida’s east coast, Ivanka’s older brother Donald Trump Jr, 45, and fiancée Kimberly Guilfoyle, 54, snapped up a $9.7million pad in March 2021 in the celeb-enclave of Jupiter, home to numerous sports stars such as Tiger Woods and Serena Williams.
Documents obtained by DailyMail.com show the pair took out a $4.8million mortgage on the property.
The home loan is with Valley National Bank for 30 years with the first 20 being at 3.25 per cent before increasing to the Federal funds rate. This is approximately $29,500-a-month plus property tax.
Younger sibling Eric, 39, and wife Lara, 41, picked up a $3.2million estate also in Jupiter near his older brother, in March 2021
The couple’s $2.4million 30-year mortgage from Valley National Bank works out at just over $10,000 a month plus taxes. The 7,715-square-foot home has five bedrooms, five bathrooms and is in his dad’s gated Trump National Golf Club
Just like his older siblings, Eric had been mainly based in New York before he and wife Lara followed his family down to Florida in March 2022 (pictured in April 2023)
Eric and Lara Trump’s $2.4million mortgage
The 11,000 square foot mansion is in the exclusive gated community of Admirals Cove, 20 minutes from his father’s primary residence of Mar-a-Lago, and boasts six bedroom, 11 bathrooms, pool, gym and games room.
Meanwhile, younger sibling Eric, 39, and wife Lara, 41, picked up a $3.2million estate, also in Jupiter in March 2021. It comes with a $2.4million mortgage from Valley National Bank.
Like Donald Jr, his mortgage is over 30 years, initially at a 3.125 per cent rate for 20 years, then at the Federal funds rate. This works out at just over $10,000 a month plus taxes.
The 7,715-square-foot home has five bedrooms, five bathrooms and is in his dad’s gated Trump National Golf Club.
The only grown up sibling not to have made an real estate investments in Florida just yet is Tiffany, 30 – Trump’s daughter from his second marriage to Marla Maples.
She was reported to have been house hunting in Miami Beach a couple of years ago, but it’s not clear if she ever went through with a purchase. She married