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I’ve been talking about down payments a lot lately, thanks to all the new zero down mortgages and 1% down loan options that sprang out of nowhere in the past few weeks.

It seems every lender out there is beginning to introduce a lower and lower down payment requirement to get homeowners in the door. And it might be out of necessity, not just convenience.

The brains over at Realtor crunched some numbers to determine what it would take to come up with the average down payment in America’s 15 top cities and the results weren’t very welcoming.

Perhaps that explains the resurgence of all these low-down payment mortgage programs.

Can You Set Aside $68 a Day for Five Years?

I’ll start with my own beloved city, Los Angeles, where the typical down payment is 17%. In order to squirrel away enough cash for an 83% LTV mortgage, you’ll need to set a daily savings goal of $67.95.

Yes, instead of spending money every day on gas, groceries, lattes, Uber, healthcare, and so forth, you’ll need to sock away $68 for five straight years while still paying all your bills and living your lavish lifestyle.

Only then will you have the average down payment, roughly $125,000, needed to buy a $678,000 median home price. Oh, and that median is rising…

Of course, as I mentioned, there are plenty of loan programs that require a lot less than 17% down, including the many 1% down options surfacing, the 3% down mortgage option widely available, and of course FHA, which only requires 3.5% down.

You can also get a USDA loan if it’s in a rural area and come in with no down payment at all.

So there are options here, assuming you’re able to convince the seller in a hot market that you’ll get approved for a mortgage over someone else willing to put 20% or more down (or simply pay for the house with cash).

Assuming you can’t muster $68 in savings daily, you can stretch out the down payment goal to a full decade and save $33.97 per day instead.

By then home prices might just be on sale again, you never know.

Ready to Save $100+ a Day to Buy in SF?

The scary part is that Los Angeles isn’t even the least affordable city in the nation. If we drive or fly (or take a hyperloop) north to San Francisco, a prospective home buyer will need to save $104.46 per day for five years to come up with the average 21.8% down payment.

Again, that’s if home prices stay put and don’t just keep on rising to the stratosphere. And even then, you’ll still have to compete with a million other home buyers just to get your offer accepted.

That might explain why some banks are offering unique loan options, such as the POPPYLOAN, to high-paid workers who may not have the necessary funds for a large down payment at the moment.

If you want to take things a little slower, you can save $52.23 per day for 10 years and accomplish the same thing. Heck, 2026 might be a great year to finally buy a home!

It’s Not All Bad News

While I touched on some of the more unattainable cities across the nation, or perhaps across one state, there are still bargains out there.

In Detroit, you only need to save $13.14 per day for five years to come up with the 12% down payment needed to buy a median priced home valued at $200,000.

If you extend the timeline to 10 years, the daily saving goal drops to just $6.57. That seems pretty reasonable.

And it will only set you back $15.57 per day for 1,825 straight days to buy a home in Philly, or $7.79 per day for 10 years.

Chicago is fairly reasonable as well, with daily savings of $19.44 required for five years, or $9.72 per day for 10 years.

If that all sounds too cold for you, Phoenix homes can be had for daily savings of $20.14 for a period of five years. Or just $10.07 if you save for a decade.

The takeaway here is that buying a home isn’t an overnight decision, even if there are loan programs out there that seem to make it so.

If you’re a parent, you could start socking away some cash each day/month for your kid so they can move out eventually…

Source: thetruthaboutmortgage.com

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Save more, spend smarter, and make your money go further

Once a month, I meet up with some smart people in my neighborhood to drink coffee and try to stave off mental decline by talking about hard financial topics: macroeconomics, taxation, and sometimes even something useful, like investing. It’s like Facebook chat, only you can smell the other participants.

At our last meeting, the topic was active vs. passive investing. Before we could get into that debate, however, we had to define our terms. I was arguing the passive investing side, which meant I had to come up with a definition of passive investing. This proved to be a lot trickier than I thought, and more fun.

I’m not going to get into the passive vs. active debate in this column. I just want to see if I can figure out what we’re talking about before I wade into that debate in the near future.

“What is passive investing?” may seem like an arcane question that nobody but latte-fueled intellectuals should care about. On the contrary, pal: if you’re saving money for the future, deciding whether to take an active or passive approach is among the most important decisions you’ll make.

Who’s active?

Active investing, as I define it, means trying to beat the market over a particular time period using one or both of the following strategies:

Security selection. This is a fancy term for buying the right stocks (or bonds, or funds, or any other asset) and avoiding the wrong ones. It means having the foresight to buy Apple in the pre-iPod days and not to buy Netflix on the day after its IPO.

Market timing. Markets gyrate. If you can correctly predict those gyrations ahead of time, you can make a lot of money—or avoid losing it.

Passive investing means doing neither of those things. It means diversifying as much as possible by buying broad market index funds. It means owning the next Apple, but also the next Groupon. And it means not trying to time the market. That means staying in when stocks take a dive five days—or months, or years—in a row.

Passive investing also means making portfolio decisions based on personal circumstances, not on headlines or research.

Who’s passive?

With that definition in mind, let’s cook up a couple of hypothetical investors and see who’s passive and who’s active. (Aren’t these terms a little judgmental, by the way? That’s why MintLife columnist Dan Solin likes to refer to passive investing as “smart investing.”) This is my column, so I get to be the judge and jury. We’ll start out easy.

Alice owns a bunch of individual stocks and bonds and trades them regularly.

Verdict:Active.

Bob owns no individual stocks or bonds, only low-cost ETFs, but he trades them regularly in response to perceived market trends.

Verdict: Active.

Charlie buys mutual funds, holds them, and never trades. However, his mutual funds are actively managed, so the fund manager may be trading stocks within Charlie’s funds.

Verdict: Active.

Donna buys diversified index funds or ETFs, holds them, and never trades.

Verdict: Passive.

Rick Ferri, in his book The Power of Passive Investing, puts these four investors into a handy chart, which I’m going to simplify and reproduce here.

Uses actively managed funds or individual stocks Uses index funds or ETFs
Trades Alice Bob
Doesn’t trade Charlie Donna

As you can see, only Donna meets Ferri’s (and my) definition of passive investing.

The hard cases

Now, let’s ask some tougher questions.

Emily owns only index funds and ETFs, but she has decided on a 50% stock/50% bond portfolio.

Verdict: Not enough information.

If Emily has chosen a 50/50 portfolio because it’s in line with her risk tolerance, she’s passive. If she believes this portfolio looks like a winner for the moment but intends to change it later when stocks look like a better bet, she’s active.

Frank owns only index funds and ETFs in a 50/50 stock/bond portfolio, but he trades once a year or more to bring his portfolio back in line with its original allocation. That is, if bonds go up and stocks go down, he sells off some bonds to buy more stocks until he’s back to 50/50. This is called rebalancing.

Verdict: Passive.

Rebalancing is about keeping your portfolio risk under control; it’s not about trying to time the market.

Gene used to have a portfolio of 75% stocks/25% bonds. Recently he received an inheritance. He checked his retirement savings calculator and found that with the new infusion of cash, he could take less stock market risk and still have an excellent chance of reaching his savings goal, so he switched his allocation to 50/50.

Verdict: Passive.

Gene is changing his portfolio based on a change in his circumstances, not anything to do with market trends.

Hailey is a buy/hold/rebalance type like Frank. A couple of years ago, however, during the financial crisis, she noticed that prices on certain bonds had plummeted. She took the opportunity to buy some highly-rated bonds at bargain prices and permanently reduced her allocation to stocks.

Verdict: Hmmm.

I’m not sure. It smells like market timing, but is it?

Get your Team Alice t-shirts here

Alice, our pure active investor, works hard at investing. She is up on the latest IPOs, valuations, interest rates, and market trends. She has a whole folder of investing apps on her phone.

Meanwhile, Frank, our passive buy/hold/rebalance guy, doesn’t know anything about any of that stuff, and he spends a few minutes a year managing his portfolio.

You can probably guess whose team I’m on, but let’s talk about you: are you an Alice or a Frank or someone else from our cast of characters? And why?

Matthew Amster-Burton is a personal finance columnist at Mint.com. Find him on Twitter @Mint_Mamster.

Save more, spend smarter, and make your money go further

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Save more, spend smarter, and make your money go further

Are you a municipal government, a large business, or a homeowner with perfect credit and plenty of equity? If so, record-low interest rates are your friend. For savers, however, low interest rates are infuriating.

This week, NPR’s All Things Considered profiled a family of six with excellent credit that can’t refinance their home because it’s underwater; meanwhile, their savings account is paying 0.8%–less than the rate of inflation. Host Audie Cornish asked MintLife columnist Matthew Amster-Burton for his advice.

Unfortunately, said Amster-Burton, 0.8% APY is about as good as you’re going to get right now from an online savings account. But there are several other options to consider before putting the kids to work burying cash in the sandbox.

Series I US savings bonds (I-bonds for short) are great for any savings goal one year or more into the future. You can buy them directly from the government at TreasuryDirect.gov and they never pay less than the inflation rate.

Right now, for example, I-bonds pay 2.2%, which is better than most 5-year CDs, but much more flexible.

For Amster-Burton’s other recommendations and his attempt to find a silver lining on a very cloudy day for savers, listen to the NPR radio segment below (iOS and Android users can listen via the free NPR News app):

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Saving money is a crucial aspect of personal finance. Understanding the different types of savings accounts and selecting the right one for your needs can help you grow your money and achieve your financial goals.

In this article, we’ll explore various types of savings accounts, including traditional savings accounts, money market accounts, certificates of deposit (CDs), high-yield savings accounts, cash-management accounts, and specialty savings accounts.

6 Types of Savings Accounts

Here are the six primary types of savings accounts, each designed to meet varying financial needs and goals.

1. Traditional Savings Accounts

Traditional savings accounts are a popular choice for those looking to start saving money. They are typically offered by traditional banks and credit unions and are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) or the National Credit Union Administration (NCUA).

Key Features

  • Low minimum deposit requirements
  • Limited transactions per month
  • Modest interest rates

Pros and Cons

Traditional savings accounts are easy to open and maintain, making them an ideal choice for beginners. They offer a secure place to store your money, with the backing of federal deposit insurance. However, the interest rates on these accounts are typically lower than other types of savings accounts.

Ideal for: Emergency Funds and Short-Term Savings Goals

A traditional savings account is a great place to start building your emergency fund or saving for short-term goals, such as a down payment on a car or a vacation. They provide a safe place to store your money while earning modest interest.

See also: Best savings accounts for 2023

2. High-Yield Savings Accounts

High-yield savings accounts offer higher interest rates than traditional savings accounts, making them an attractive option for savers looking to maximize their interest earnings.

Key Features

  • Higher interest rates than traditional savings accounts
  • Online and mobile access
  • Minimal fees

Pros and Cons

High-yield savings accounts offer competitive interest rates, often higher than those found at traditional banks. They typically come with low or no monthly fees and provide easy online and mobile access. However, these accounts may have limited branch locations, making it difficult for some users to visit a physical location.

Ideal for: Maximizing Interest Earnings While Maintaining Liquidity

A high-yield savings account is an excellent choice for those looking to earn a higher return on their savings while still maintaining easy access to their funds.

See also: Best high-yield savings accounts for 2023

3. Money Market Accounts

Money market accounts are a type of savings account that typically offer higher interest rates than traditional savings accounts. They are offered by banks, credit unions, and non-bank financial institutions.

Key Features

  • Higher interest rates compared to traditional savings accounts
  • Limited check-writing and debit card privileges
  • Minimum balance requirements

Pros and Cons

Money market accounts offer higher interest rates than traditional savings accounts, making them an attractive option for those looking to earn more on their savings. They also provide some liquidity with limited check-writing and debit card access. However, these accounts typically require a higher minimum balance to maintain, and there may be monthly fees if the balance falls below a certain threshold.

Ideal for: Those Seeking Higher Returns with Some Liquidity

If you’re looking for a savings account that offers higher interest rates than a traditional savings account, but still provides some access to your money, a money market account may be the right choice for you.

See also: Best money market accounts for 2023

4. Certificates of Deposit (CDs)

Certificates of deposit (CDs) are time-based deposit accounts that offer fixed interest rates for a specified term. They are offered by banks, credit unions, and other financial institutions.

Key Features

  • Fixed interest rates for a specified term
  • Early withdrawal penalties
  • Various term lengths

Pros and Cons

CDs offer higher interest rates than traditional savings accounts and money market accounts. They are a low-risk investment option, making them ideal for long-term savings goals. However, CDs require you to lock your money away for a set period, and early withdrawal penalties may apply if you need to access your funds before the term ends.

Ideal for: Low-Risk Investments and Long-Term Savings Goals

If you have a long-term savings goal or are looking for a low-risk investment, a CD may be the right choice for you.

5. Cash-Management Accounts

Cash-management accounts are a hybrid of checking and savings accounts, offering the benefits of both types of accounts in one convenient package.

Key Features

  • High-interest rates
  • No minimum balance requirements
  • Flexible access to funds, including check-writing and debit card privileges

Pros and Cons

Cash-management accounts offer high-interest rates and the flexibility of a checking account, making them an appealing option for those who want the best of both worlds. However, these accounts are typically offered by online banks and non-bank financial institutions, so access to brick-and-mortar branches may be limited.

Ideal for: Those Seeking Flexibility, Convenience, and High Returns

A cash-management account is perfect for individuals who want a high-interest savings account combined with the convenience of a checking account.

6. Specialty Savings Accounts

Specialty savings accounts are tailored to help individuals save for specific financial goals. These accounts often come with unique features, benefits, and tax advantages. Let’s take a closer look at three common types of specialty savings accounts.

Health Savings Accounts (HSAs)

Health Savings Accounts (HSAs) are designed to help individuals save for qualified medical expenses on a tax-advantaged basis. They are available to those who are enrolled in a high deductible health plan (HDHP).

Key Features

  • Tax-deductible contributions
  • Tax-free withdrawals for qualified medical expenses
  • Funds can be invested, and investment earnings are tax-free
  • Unused funds roll over from year to year

Pros and Cons

HSAs offer significant tax advantages, allowing you to save and invest money for healthcare expenses without paying taxes on contributions, earnings, or withdrawals for qualified expenses. However, HSAs are only available to those enrolled in an HDHP, and there are annual contribution limits. Additionally, using HSA funds for non-qualified expenses can result in taxes and penalties.

Ideal for: Saving for Healthcare Expenses with Tax Advantages

If you have a high deductible health plan and want to save for future medical expenses while enjoying tax benefits, an HSA may be the right choice for you.

Education Savings Accounts (ESAs)

Education Savings Accounts (ESAs) are designed to help families save for education expenses, such as tuition, books, and other related costs. The two main types of ESAs are the Coverdell Education Savings Account and the 529 Savings Plan.

Key Features

  • Tax-free withdrawals for qualified education expenses
  • Wide range of investment options
  • Contribution limits and eligibility requirements may apply

Pros and Cons

ESAs offer tax advantages, allowing you to grow your savings tax-free and make withdrawals for qualified education expenses without paying taxes. However, there are contribution limits, and eligibility requirements may apply. Additionally, using ESA funds for non-qualified expenses can result in taxes and penalties.

Ideal for: Saving for Education Expenses with Tax Advantages

If you’re planning to save for future education costs, such as college tuition or private K-12 schooling, an ESA may be the right choice for you.

Individual Development Accounts (IDAs)

Individual Development Accounts (IDAs) are designed to help low-income individuals save for specific financial goals, such as purchasing a home, starting a business, or paying for higher education.

Key Features

  • Matching funds provided by non-profit organizations or government agencies
  • Financial education and counseling services
  • Eligibility requirements based on income and other factors

Pros and Cons

IDAs offer the unique benefit of matching funds, which can significantly boost your savings. They also provide financial education and counseling services to help you achieve your financial goals. However, IDAs have strict eligibility requirements based on income, and there may be restrictions on how the funds can be used.

Ideal for: Low-Income Individuals Saving for Specific Financial Goals with Matching Funds

If you meet the eligibility requirements and have a specific financial goal in mind, an IDA can be a valuable tool to help you save and achieve your objectives with the support of matching funds and financial education services.

How to Choose the Right Savings Account for You

Selecting the right savings account is an important step in achieving your financial goals. To make the best decision, consider the following factors and follow these steps to guide you through the process:

Step 1: Assess Your Financial Goals and Priorities

Before choosing a savings account, it’s crucial to understand your financial objectives. Consider your short-term and long-term goals, such as:

  • Building an emergency fund
  • Saving for a down payment on a house or car
  • Planning for retirement
  • Funding a child’s education
  • Saving for a vacation or other significant purchase

Understanding your goals will help you determine the type of savings account that best aligns with your priorities and financial timeline.

Step 2: Compare Interest Rates, Fees, and Account Features

Once you’ve identified your financial goals, start comparing interest rates, fees, and account features across different savings account options. Factors to consider include:

  • Annual percentage yield (APY): The APY represents the interest rate you’ll earn on your savings over a year, taking into account compounding. A higher APY will result in greater interest earnings.
  • Fees: Be aware of any monthly maintenance fees, ATM withdrawal fees, excess transaction fees, or other charges that may apply to the account. Look for accounts with low or no fees to maximize your savings.
  • Account features: Evaluate the account’s accessibility, such as online and mobile banking capabilities, branch locations, and customer service. Consider any unique features or benefits, such as rewards programs or cash-back offers.

See also: Best 5% Interest Savings Accounts of 2023

Step 3: Consider the Accessibility and Customer Service of the Financial Institution

When choosing a savings account, it’s essential to evaluate the financial institution’s accessibility and customer service. Factors to consider include:

  • Branch locations and hours: If you prefer in-person banking, opt for a financial institution with convenient branch locations and hours.
  • Online and mobile banking: Ensure the financial institution offers robust online and mobile banking services, allowing you to manage your account, transfer funds, and check your balance with ease.
  • Customer service: Assess the quality of customer service, including responsiveness, availability, and knowledge of the institution’s representatives.

Step 4: Diversify Your Savings Strategy to Take Advantage of Different Account Types

Diversifying your savings strategy by utilizing different types of savings accounts can help you maximize your interest earnings, meet various financial goals, and manage risks. Consider opening multiple accounts, such as:

  • A high-yield savings account for your emergency fund or long-term savings goals
  • A money market account for short-term goals or to maintain liquidity
  • A certificate of deposit (CD) for low-risk, long-term investments
  • Specialty savings accounts, such as a Health Savings Account (HSA) or an Education Savings Account (ESA), to save for specific financial goals with tax advantages

Bottom Line

Understanding the various types of savings accounts can help you make an informed decision about where to store your money and how to grow your savings. By choosing the right account for your needs, you can maximize your interest earnings, maintain liquidity, and achieve your financial goals. Start saving and growing your money today!

Source: crediful.com