Growing up without money affects how you live on a daily basis in childhood, and it can have long-term effects into adulthood, even when you begin to have enough money to make ends meet.
When you move from experiencing poverty to maintaining financial stability, there can be some major opportunities to set yourself and your family up for long-term security. But there can also be challenges around changing your mindset and managing your emotions about money. Here are some things to expect when you move from one circumstance to another.
How the experience of poverty can shape your money behaviors
When money is tight on a continual basis, hard decisions often have to be made, such as, “Am I going to pay my light bill or am I going to buy groceries?”
“There’s no right answer, and either way there’s going to be a lack of safety,” says Saundra Davis, a money coach and director of Sage Financial Solutions.
Davis says that lack of safety — i.e., not being able to fulfill all of your needs and living in fear that you’ll lose your income, benefits or housing — “can create what is widely termed as ‘financial trauma,’ which is when an experience with money, or a message passed down from a previous generation, causes us to behave in response to the trauma rather than with thoughtful consideration.”
Family relationships are typically an influential factor in your money habits, and they can also be a major consideration once your financial situation improves. Davis says that thought patterns about money can come from lived experience, but they also come from information passed down through family members.
There can be additional obstacles that might affect you or may have affected your family in the past, such as racial or gender discrimination, mental health issues, substance abuse or disabilities that may have hindered earning enough money for your household to cover its expenses. Systemic obstacles can also be a consideration, such as how public benefits might be cut off once you reach a certain income level, even if you still need financial assistance to pay for food or housing.
Assuming you’ve been able to overcome these challenges, there can be mental hurdles to get over once you’re in a more financially abundant situation. But there are steps you can take to get on track toward achieving your financial goals.
How to change your money mindset and management
Veniecia Robinson, a therapist and life coach, has personal experience in shifting her money mindset. She grew up in a household that faced financial challenges, and she also became a mother at a young age. She recalls paying certain bills only after she had received a service shutoff notice. Once she started school to become an accountant, she decided that she wanted to change these habits and parent her children to understand credit, saving money and how to manage their spending habits.
One of the early steps she took toward financial stability was to start keeping tabs on how much she was spending, which she recommends to anyone who’s working to improve their financial situation.
“It can be terrifying to start tracking your money because once you know, you have to do something about it,” says Robinson.
After she had a handle on her income and expenses, she was able to prioritize the financial goals she had created for herself and come up with a spending plan. For her, that looked like paying her bills first, then allocating the remaining money this way: setting aside money for discretionary spending; saving some money for a rainy day fund; and investing a percentage toward her future.
If you aren’t sure where to start, in addition to tracking your spending, reach out to a fiduciary financial planner — ideally before your money comes in. Fiduciary financial planners have a legal duty to act in your best interest, which means they won’t push you to buy a financial product or service. These financial planners can be found with an online search, or through referrals in your community.
You can also reach out to a financial therapist when thoughts about money are getting in the way of decision-making or if you’re feeling stressed about money. Davis also suggests that people increase their knowledge by reading financial resources and thinking about their emotions around money. Financial education can be found in many sources, including books, classes and online. Start by checking out the personal finance section of your local bookstore or library, or you could look up financial terms online.
If family is a concern, a meeting can be a helpful step to set expectations around money and to discuss how the whole family could benefit from a financial shift. This might entail discussions around how money can be used to provide long-term security versus what it can do in the short term.
“You should give thought to the impact of financial decisions on your whole life,” says Davis. “Recognize that resources can change lives for the better. You should be thinking, ‘What do I want life to look like later?’”
This article was written by NerdWallet and was originally published by The Associated Press.
There have been plenty of reports about lower-income borrowers getting the short end of the stick during the latest housing downturn.
And a new National Housing Survey from mortgage financier Fannie Mae might reveal why.
Based on the second quarter data in the report, it appears as if those with annual incomes of less than $50,000 are more likely to take someone else’s “word for it,” as opposed to doing their own research.
In fact, 30% of respondents in the survey defined as being “lower income” borrowers indicated that a mortgage broker’s recommendation would be a major factor in choosing a lender.
That compares to 20% for those earning $50,000 – $100,000, and 17% for top earners in the $100,000+ group.
The numbers are similar for using a real estate agent’s referral, at 29%, 20%, and 14%, respectively.
Lower income borrowers were also more than three times more likely to rely on lender advertising than the wealthiest group.
Richest Borrowers Took the Best Offer
Conversely, the richest of borrowers were most likely to be influenced by the competitiveness of the offer received.
More than three-quarters (76%) of the $100,000+ crowd said the best offer was a major influence, compared to just 54% of low-income borrowers.
So basically just more than half of low-income borrowers seemed to care what their mortgage rate was.
Wealthy borrowers also indicated that when shopping for a mortgage, they were more likely to obtain quotes from multiple banks and lenders.
I’ve said it many times before, and I’ll say it again, shop around! If you take the time to shop around for your big screen TV, surely you can shop for your mortgage.
Interestingly, lower-income borrowers were more likely to obtain mortgage quotes, or should I say their single quote, in person, whereas top earners did it by phone and seemed to get a better deal.
So much for that face-to-face trust perception…
[How many mortgage quotes should I get?]
The Rich Like Calculators
When it came time to decide how much one could afford, the richer borrowers were more likely to whip out a calculator.
Meanwhile, the majority of lower-income borrowers made calculations in their head or on a piece of paper.
They were also much less likely to use online tools or applications (mortgage calculators) to figure it out, despite these being readily available to anyone with an Internet connection.
And were more likely to let mortgage lenders, friends, family, co-workers, and real estate agents help them determine affordability.
[Mortgage vs. income]
Nobody Understands ARMs
Regardless of income, no one seems to understand how adjustable-rate mortgages work.
When respondents were asked to determine how much an ARM payment could rise, 37% of mortgage borrowers weren’t even able to offer up a guess.
On average, respondents estimated that mortgage payments on ARMs could only rise by about 10%, well below Fannie’s calculation of over 50%.
Clearly, ARM payments can reset a lot higher than 10%, though the mortgage caps in place limit those increases (and decreases) somewhat.
Fortunately, most borrowers these days are going with fixed-rate mortgages to avoid any misunderstanding.
The moral of this survey, like many before it, is that Americans continue to miss the mark when it comes to understanding how mortgages work.
This is unfortunate, given buying a home is often seen as the largest purchase an individual can make in their lifetime.
Perhaps poor financial education should be added to my lists of causes of the latest mortgage crisis.
Inside: Are you looking for a way to help your kids learn about money? If so, Cash App for kids is the ideal answer. This guide will teach you how to manage money simply by using apps.
Ever wondered why it’s crucial for your kids and teens to have a cashless payment option?
In this digital age, teaching money management skills early to our younger generation is vital.
Having features likeCash App for kids is a great way to introduce them to responsible spending. Not only does it provide a secure method for purchases without the need for carrying physical money, but it also serves as an excellent tool for setting spending limits and tracking budgeting habits.
Plus, it’s a win-win for parents and teens as you can visually monitor transactions while they enjoy a sense of financial independence.
This post may contain affiliate links, which helps us to continue providing relevant content and we receive a small commission at no cost to you. As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases. Please read the full disclosure here.
What is Cash App?
Cash App is a user-friendly financial services platform that allows users to instantly send, receive, and invest money.
It offers a range of services including a free custom Visa debit card and the option to receive paychecks up to two days earlier.
Additionally, with the Cash App, users can instantly buy and sell stocks commission-free and even trade in bitcoin.
Can a child have Cash App?
Yes, a child can have a Cash App account if they are 13 years old or older. However, it requires parental approval.
Remember, this gives your child the opportunity to learn money management, but it also comes with the responsibility of overseeing their spending.
Why would kids need Cash App?
Well, we are moving to a cashless world. There are thousands of stores and restaurants that only offer cash. We learned this when our son went to an MLB baseball game with his middle school. No cash. Only debit or credit cards were accepted as well as Visa gift cards.
So, we needed to give our kids an introduction to modern, simple, and secure ways of money management.
Cash App might be the perfect solution. Another great option is Greenlight for kids.
Cash App – Do More with Your Money
Cash App is a user-friendly financial services platform that allows users to instantly send, receive, and invest money.
Simple way to save on everyday spending and back the way you want.
What are the benefits of using Cash App for kids?
Education: Cash App can be an effective way to teach your children about responsible money handling and the dynamics of a digital economy.
Control: You have the flexibility to set spending limits and disable certain features, ensuring responsible use of the application.
Security: Cash App’s encrypted connection adds an extra layer of security, keeping your kid’s transactions and personal data secure.
Emergencies and convenience: It’s an incredibly handy tool for sending cash to your kid during emergencies. No need to rush, just a tap on your phone, and you can send money.
What cash apps can 13 year olds use?
In today’s cashless society, it’s more important than ever for kids to learn how to manage money digitally.
Below are some alternatives to Cash App that serve well for 13-year-olds:
Description:
The Greenlight debit card is a kid-friendly financial tool designed for comprehensive money management education.
Parents can monitor and control card usage, set spending limits, and track your child’s spending and saving habits.
Learn to earn, save, and invest together. The banking and investing app for kids and teens.
Comes with a debit card
Allows kids to make savings goals.
Limited deposit methods
Monthly fee
Starts at $4.99/month
Description:
Prepaid cards and a family finance app for kids, teens, and parents.
More than money.
A financial education.
If you want your child to learn money habits that match your values, you’re in the right place.
Description:
Cash App is a user-friendly financial services platform that allows users to instantly send, receive, and invest money.
Simple way to save on everyday spending and back the way you want.
Description:
The Greenlight debit card is a kid-friendly financial tool designed for comprehensive money management education.
Parents can monitor and control card usage, set spending limits, and track your child’s spending and saving habits.
Learn to earn, save, and invest together. The banking and investing app for kids and teens.
Comes with a debit card
Allows kids to make savings goals.
Limited deposit methods
Monthly fee
Starts at $4.99/month
Description:
Prepaid cards and a family finance app for kids, teens, and parents.
More than money.
A financial education.
If you want your child to learn money habits that match your values, you’re in the right place.
No bank account needed.
No fancy phone needed.
Affordable for all! Plus free trial!
Mobile setup is not user friendly.
No investing option.
$5.99 month or $3.33/month for 12 months
Description:
Cash App is a user-friendly financial services platform that allows users to instantly send, receive, and invest money.
Simple way to save on everyday spending and back the way you want.
Only able to spend what is loaded on Card.
Free CashApp debit card.
No maintenance or annual fees.
Not FDIC insured.
No parental controls.
Remember, each app has its own unique strengths and weaknesses. Do some research and try out a few to see which one best suits your teen’s financial needs.
How do I create a Cash App account for my child?
Teaching kids about money management is vital for their financial future.
One excellent way to do this effectively is by setting up a Cash App account for children, giving them practical experience in handling finances while under a parent’s supervision. Also, known as a sponsored account.
This guide will walk you through the process of creating a Cash App account for your child and highlight the numerous benefits it offers.
Step 1: Download Cash App
To download Cash App, click this Cash App link to make sure you are in the right spot. Both you and your teen will need to do this step.
It’s easily recognizable – look for the white dollar sign on a green background. Once you’ve found it, simply hit ‘Install’ and sit back while your phone does the work.
Remember, this green goodness is only accessible to users in the United States.
When learning which payment type is best when trying to stick to a budget, you will be pleasantly surprised at how well Cash App works.
Step 2: Create an Account
This is a simple process. Both the teen and the adult will need to do this step separately. If as the parent you don’t have a Cash App account, then you will need to do this step.
To create a Cash App account, follow these steps:
Once installed, open the application and follow the on-screen instructions to set up your account.
You will have to enter your phone number or email address.
For security certification, the Cash App will send you a secret code to verify you. Enter it.
Select a $cashtag, which is a unique username to send and receive money (similar to Venmo)
Step 3: Connect a Bank Account
For the parent account, you need to complete this step and the teen will need to wait.
Remember, in “My Cash” you’ll spot the “Add Money” option for funding.
Open Cash App; it’s the icon with a white dollar sign on a green background.
Tap the top-right profile icon.
Navigate to “My Cash” – it’s a tab on the home screen.
Click “Link a Bank,” nestled within the options.
Follow the prompts to add your bank account or debit card info.
Once your card is linked, you’re all set.
Learn where can I load my Cash App card.
Step 4: Authorization Request of a Family or Sponsor Account
Now, you must link the two accounts together. Cash App calls this a sponsored account. There are one of two ways to accomplish this.
Option #1 – Parents Initiate the Request
To invite someone 13-17, then open the app:
Tap the Profile Icon on your Cash App home screen
Select Family
Tap Invite a teen
Follow prompts to share links using text or email
Option #2 – By the Teen
On the Home Screen, tap the Cash App profile icon.
Proceed to Family Accounts and choose the option “I’m a Teen”.
Complete the Cash App for Kids application form with your details including your name and birthday.
Hit the Request Approval button.
Enter the name, email, phone number, or $CashTag of your parent/guardian.
Lastly, tap Send. This will send an authorization request to your parent or guardian’s Cash App account. They need to approve this request before you can start using the app.
Note: You can’t add funds, send payment, or request a Cash Card until this authorization is approved.
Step 5: Have Your Child Design and Order a Free Cash Card
Now, the fun part! Ordering your own Cash App Card.
Designing and ordering your Cash Card is packed with creativity and ease.
Customize your card to represent your unique personality, with choices ranging from the material, font size, and base design, to text lines.
You can seek inspiration from an array of cool Cash App Card design ideas. Notably, the glow-in-the-dark cards are quite popular among minors.
The whole process is about making your debit card unmistakably yours.
Step 6: Limitations on Certain Features
Certain financial apps cater to teens by setting limits on transactions.
For example, a teen on Cash App can send and receive up to $1,000 every 30 days. This safeguard is designed to prevent overspending and encourage smart budgeting practices.
Furthermore, parents and guardians have the option to impose their own customized spending limits through the app according to their teen’s financial maturity. However, it’s essential to keep in mind, that these apps are not recommended to be used by teens just like regular accounts due to the risks of misspending and overspending.
Be aware that certain transactions are blocked, including bars, dating services, and rental car services
Encourage your kids to use robust, unique passwords and activate features like PIN lock and facial ID to enhance security.
You can ensure safety by setting a PIN, turning on notifications, and limiting money requests to ‘contacts only’.
This is similar to understanding the advantages of mobile phones for kids.
Step 7: Pick a unique $Cashtag
Tell your child to select a unique and fun $Cashtag for their Cash App account. It’s like a username and can be used in transactions.
Emphasize the originality of the $Cashtag as it needs to be unique.
Expert Tip: To secure their $Cashtag, avoid using personal information like birthdate or social security number. Instead, opt for quirky, fun, and uncommon word combinations.
Step 8: Send & receive money
Cash App provides an easy-to-use platform for instantly transferring money between friends and family at no cost.
A few quick taps allow users to request, receive, or send money, presenting a convenient method for paying a dinner, settling rent with roommates, or any other financial interactions.
In addition, users get a free custom Visa debit card, which they can order directly from the Cash App for both virtual and physical use. The card enables users to make purchases from any merchant accepting Visa cards.
Plus, with the Cash Boost feature, users gain from immediate discounts at select restaurants, stores, applications, and websites when they use their Cash App card.
An Alternative – Use Greenlight Debit Card for Kids
Looking for an all-in-one alternative to the Cash App for your kids?
Explore the Greenlight Debit Card for kids – a superb choice for money management and financial education.
The Greenlight debit card is a kid-friendly financial tool designed for comprehensive money management education.
Parents can monitor and control card usage, set spending limits, and track their child’s spending and saving habits.
Plus it offers 1% cash back on all purchases and up to 2% interest on savings, this card is accepted anywhere MasterCard is used and comes with built-in features that include educational programming and real-time notifications for every transaction.
Greenlight
The Greenlight debit card is a kid-friendly financial tool designed for comprehensive money management education.
Parents can monitor and control card usage, set spending limits, and track your child’s spending and saving habits.
Pros:
Offers a comprehensive financial education pathway
Broad acceptance due to affiliation with Mastercard
Parents retain control over spending limits
Real-time notifications improve security
Cashback rewards are an added bonus
Cons:
Greenlight charges a monthly fee starting from $4.99
Limitations on direct deposits
No possibility for payments from Paypal, Venmo or Apple Cash
Kids under 13 require parental access
Some transaction types are blocked
It’s an innovative and secure financial platform for kids, with plans starting at $4.99 a month.
Safety Measures for Using Cash App for Kids
Educating children about safety measures while using cash apps and debit cards is crucial in today’s digital age.
With increased online scams, it’s important that kids understand the equivalence of digital cash to real money and how to protect their accounts.
This brief overview will highlight key practices to ensure your child’s safety when handling digital transactions.
1. Know the App’s Safety Features
Knowing the app’s safety features is crucial for maintaining security while using cash apps.
These features can include password protection, two-step verification, and biometric scans such as fingerprint or facial ID. Many apps also offer robust encryption to secure data and transactions.
Keeping abreast of the app’s safety protocols not only helps safeguard against potential scams but also instills a better understanding of digital literacy. Understanding these safety measures and functionalities can greatly lessen the likelihood of falling victim to fraudulent activities.
Make sure they don’t learn how to unlock borrow on CashApp!
2. Talk to Your Kids About Money
It is essential to talk to your children about financial literacy from an early age especially if your parents never spoke about money.
Start by making them aware of the concept of saving by using tools like a piggy bank and elucidate the value of delayed gratification.
As they mature, introduce them to the functionalities of debit cards and apps like Cash App that provide hands-on experience in managing finances. Teach them about budgeting, saving, and investing in an age-appropriate manner.
Above all, impart the message that money doesn’t just grow on trees and that every purchase needs to be evaluated against future needs and plans.
3. Use Account Alerts to Stay Up to Date
Account alerts on Cash App are not only handy but critical to your kid’s financial safety. Setting them up is a breeze.
Firstly, head to the “Notification” tab in your app settings.
Thereafter, opt for “Account alerts” and switch it on. This will ensure you’re notified of all transactions.
For an added layer of security, enable “Suspicious activity” alerts; this helps to flag any odd movements swiftly.
4. Set Up a Strong Account Passwords
It is crucial to ensure that your online accounts are secured with robust and unique passwords.
Complex passwords that incorporate a mix of uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and special characters can provide a strong line of defense against unauthorized access. Also, you should look at changing these passwords regularly, which further enhances security.
Using a password manager, either online or paper-based, can assist in maintaining and keeping track of different account credentials, maximizing security while minimizing the risk of forgetting passwords.
However, if opting for a paper-based version, it is crucial to store it in a secure and confidential location to prevent unauthorized access.
5. Have a Conversation About Scams and Fraud
The proliferation of digital transactions and cash transfer apps has given rise to numerous scams, making it critical for users to look out for fraud.
Online scams can result in financial loss, with cash apps often not assisting in the recovery of misdirected funds due to errors or fraudulent activities.
Additionally, cybercriminals use these scams to steal personal data, leading to issues like identity theft and fraudulent transactions. Furthermore, the anonymity of digital platforms enables scammers to disappear without a trace after executing a scam, sometimes befriending and exploiting minors.
Therefore, everyone must stay vigilant about potential scams to protect their money, personal information, and overall digital safety.
Key Tips to Watch for:
Discuss current scams happening. Use reliable resources to educate them about how fraud works and precautions to take.
Teach them to *slow down* during transactions to avoid sending money to the wrong contacts.
Advise against sending money to strangers to avoid being scammed.
6. Check Bank Accounts for Any Unauthorized Payments
As a parent, it is essential to regularly check your teen’s checking accounts linked to their mobile wallet for unauthorized payments.
By staying vigilant, you can detect suspicious activity early and prevent possible instances of fraud.
Tracking their spending patterns also helps you understand if they are managing their digital money wisely or if there are sudden changes in their spending habits.
Remember, it is better to be proactive in monitoring these accounts, as most money transfer app funds are not FDIC insured, making the recovery of accidental transfers or payments a challenging task.
7. Ability to Give Your Kids an Allowance
If you choose to do so, giving your kids an allowance on Cash App is a safe and effective way to teach them about responsible money management. It provides hands-on experience while putting the power of monitoring in your hands.
To set this up, simply create an account for your minor and periodically send money to it as an allowance. They can spend or save it, while you observe their spending habits.
This is a simple way for kids and teens to start managing a small amount of money.
Cash App – Do More with Your Money
Cash App is a user-friendly financial services platform that allows users to instantly send, receive, and invest money.
Simple way to save on everyday spending and back the way you want.
Which cash app will you choose for your kids
To sum it up, equipping your kids with financial responsibility via Cash App or Greenlight is an intelligent move.
These apps provide a platform for learning about savings, investments, and the value of money.
Although risk exists its potential scams, with proper guidance, your teen can safely navigate this. The added perks of trading, direct cash exchanges, and options like BusyKid and Bankaroo can further enrich their financial literacy journey.
So, which digital wallet will you pick for your kid’s first leap into financial independence?
Know someone else that needs this, too? Then, please share!!
Here’s how this social worker has paid off $28,000 of student loan debt in 15 months.
Today, I have a great debt payoff progress story to share from Taylor. Taylor is a social worker who is working on paying off $277,000 of debt and retiring early. She shares tips on how she is cutting her expenses, the ways they’ve increased their income through various side hustles, house hacking advice, and how she qualified for an $88,000 student loan award.Enjoy!
Now, don’t let the title deceive you into thinking we are debt free; we most certainly are not.
As of this writing, we still have $251,195.39 of debt (all student loans).
This is our story about the debt payoff strategies we used in paying off $28,026.02 of debt and our goals for the future!
Who are we?
My name is Taylor, and I am a 29-year-old medical social worker who finished grad school in 2018. I am also a part-time social media coordinator and with both jobs combined, I make $96,000 (gross).
I live with my husband, Bret, who I have been with for 11 years and married for 3. He is a full-time student and has been in grad school since September 2020 (he has about 2 more years left). We love to travel, try new restaurants, hang out with our friends and family, and just have a good time.
I also have a blog at Social Work to Wealth.
Related articles:
How did we get here?
First, I need to give you some background before we get into the nitty gritty of our debt numbers and payoff strategies.
2012: We met when both of us were in college. I was 18 and Bret was 22. Soon after we met, Bret took a few years off from school while I finished my bachelor’s. I relied entirely on student loans, and don’t remember applying to any scholarships. When Bret returned to school to finish his bachelor’s, he did receive some scholarships and worked a summer job to pay forhousing but still needed to rely on student loans to pay the bulk of his tuition.
I will speak for myself when I say I didn’t take the time to calculate how much loan money I actually needed and blindly accepted the total amount. Looking back, maybe I would have needed it all or maybe not, but I wish I would have at least done the exercise.
We have always been open with talking about our debt and money in general, but I remember us both expressing the thought that we would probably always have our student loans. We would just live our life, pay our minimum payments, and that would be that. There was never any talk about debt payoff strategies, or any money management strategies, really.
We went through many life transitions. Living apart for two years while I went to grad school, him returning to school to finish his bachelor’s, various jobs, and a post-bach program.
2019: Bret was finishing up his post-bach program and got accepted into grad school. We were newly engaged and began planning and saving for our wedding scheduled for July 11th, 2020. Such exciting stuff!
March 2020: We got the news our wedding venue was closing for the foreseeable future due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and we decide to cancel our wedding. We switched gears and used the money we saved for a down payment on a new home. Then, we had a small intimate wedding featuring a hot-air balloon with 18 of our closest family members! We personally saved a ton and also had tremendous help from our family.
September 2020: I start a new job and Bret starts grad school. We are newlyweds and settling into our new home in a new city.
I wish I could talk more about 2020 because it was a HUGE year for us with buying a home, moving, getting married, Bret starting grad school and me starting a new job, but that’s a conversation for another day!
From frugal to spenders
When we were saving for our wedding, we were very frugal. Any extra money we had, we put toward our wedding savings (which again, ended up being used for the down payment on our house and a smaller wedding ceremony).
We went from frugal to swiping our cards left and right to prepare for our wedding and furnish our house. It was sooo nice to finally be able to spend the money we had been saving for so long! But this continued into 2020… and 2021…
We were mostly spending on eating out and experiences. We do like to buy “things” but we definitely value food and experiences a lot more. We even decided to put a trip to Hawaii on our credit card costing us around $5,000, along with other expenses, because why not? We deserved it!
We didn’t have much of a budget, our bills were getting paid, but the credit card bill kept increasing. Since I was the only one bringing in income, we took out some student loans to help with a portion of our living expenses. And the credit card bill continued to increase.
The “wake-up call”
The “wake-up call” is such a theme throughout many debt payoff stories. So, here’s mine.
I went to breakfast with two friends in December 2021, and one of them brought up high-yield savings accounts (HYSA). I had never heard of this type of account before and was shocked to learn that these savings accounts had a way better interest rate than a regular savings account.
How was I just hearing about this at 28 years old? My mind was blown!
I thought, what else don’t I know? So of course, that led me to deep dive into the world of personal finance. I consumed any book, video, blog, or podcast I could get my hands on. I read stories after stories of people paying off thousands of dollars’ worth of debt, leveraging credit card points for free travel, investing, and so much more!
It was so motivating. I was hooked! (And still am.)
Bret was open and willing for me to share with him what I was learning. We started realizing that for the last year and a half, we hadn’t been telling ourselves “No”. We had just been buying whatever we wanted, and we had the credit card bill and no savings to show for it.
We learned that we could pay off all our debt and it didn’t have to stay with us forever. We learned there was a way to use a credit card responsibly (we thought we were). We learned that we could even retire early. That one sounded real nice! We dreamed of having more time doing our hobbies, traveling and being with our friends and family. And if we ever had kids, we dreamed of being able to work part-time so we could be home more with them and available for school activities.
Knowing this, we started reining in our spending, trying to just be more “mindful”, but no major change was made.
We take on more debt
April 2022: People in our neighborhood were getting new fences. We started thinking, “Hey, we need a new fence, too…” In some areas it was broken, it hadn’t been stained so was rotting, and was 15 years old. We were also going to get an updated appraisal to see if we could get our primary mortgage insurance (PMI) removed after just two years of owning our home and thought a new fence might help.
A coworker told me she was using a home equity loan to buy a fence and to do some other home renovations. We investigated options and ended up opening a $20,000 home equity line of credit (HELOC) instead with about a 4% interest rate. We buy our fence which ends up being about ~10,000 and we were set on it…
The second “wake-up call”
When it was all said and done, we loved our fence. We still love our fence, it’s beautiful! (And it better be at that price!) We stained it and we believe it will last us for many years.
But we start talking again about our debt and how we probably didn’t need this fence right now. We know we didn’t need this fence right now. Our PMI was removed, and it could have maybe happened even without the fence. Who knows.
We began thinking we need to make some serious changes in the way we manage our money. We need to do more than just be “mindful” about our spending. We make a real plan. We plan to make an actual budget, stop taking on unnecessary debt, and take a break from using our credit cards for the foreseeable future.
May 2022: Beginning of our debt payoff journey
Since we were serious about our new money management changes, I documented how much debt we had so we could track our progress.
$277,721.41
Here was the breakdown:
$260,390.25 in student loans, Bret & I’s combined – various interest rates
$10,676.24 HELOC – 4% interest rate
$5,430.76 is from credit card spending – 4% interest rate*
$449 for furniture – 0% interest rate
$775.16 for Peloton bike – 0% interest rate
*We moved our credit card debt to our HELOC since our credit card was around a 25% interest rate.
July 2023: Current debt numbers
Our current debt balance is $251,195.39, * which are all student loans.
We have paid off a total of $28,026.02 of debt!
*Our current balance will increase to ~$255,000 once Bret gets his final student loan disbursement (more on that later).
I want to also mention that we do have our mortgage, but we aren’t trying to pay that down as quickly as possible for a few reasons: we have a 3% interest rate, we don’t plan on this being our forever home, and one day we might rent it out or sell it.
Actions that helped us pay off $28,026.02 of debt in 15 months
We found a budgeting method that worked for us
We realized we could live off my income alone and not take on anymore debt, but we would have to have a somewhat rigid budget.
Finding a budgeting method that worked for us took some time. I don’t know how many times over the years I have tried to track my expenses in a budget app or an excel sheet, only to find out it was too overwhelming and that I was still overspending!
I am a visual person and learned about the envelope budgeting method, so we decided to give that a try, but use a digital variation.
So, for our entire money management system we have 4 checking accounts and 2 savings accounts (short-term and emergency fund). Our checking accounts include bills, food and miscellaneous, and two personal spending accounts.
This may seem like a lot of accounts to some, but it has worked tremendously for us. I love having a separate account for each major category in our budget so I can easily see how much money we have left in a certain category without having to add every expense into an app or Excel spreadsheet. We are joint owners on all of these accounts.
We then use the zero-based budget method to determine how much goes into each account.
We do have multiple cards to manage, but the pros VERY MUCH outweigh the cons here.
And with our own spending accounts, we have a certain amount of money allotted to us each month, so we individually have some spending freedom. We don’t have to feel guilty and know this money is set aside specifically for our personal spending.
Cut expenses and increased our income
I know some people are tired of hearing about this recommendation, but it’s something that really did help us! We reined in our spending a bit but mostly we had to increase our income. At a certain point, there wasn’t much more to cut.
We didn’t have many streaming services, started to limit our eating out, we didn’t have car payments, and we meal planned and prepped. We did (and still do) aaalll the things. We had to increase our income somehow.
Ways we increased our income
My income increase
I continued with my second job as a social media manager and then started dog sitting.
I have been dog sitting for about 5 years and have primarily used the Rover platform to list myself as a dog sitter. I like this app because it’s easy to use and I can specify various services to offer (e.g., house sitting, boarding, drop in visits, day care, or dog walking).
It also allows me to mark which days I am available and then people reach out to me if I seem like a good fit and my availability matches with their needs! Setting up my profile took some time, but now that it’s done, everything else is fairly low maintenance.
I now just have to respond to inquiries in a timely manner and set up a meet and greet if it seems like a good fit.
I currently only offer house sitting and on Rover and I charge $65/night. Rover takes a cut, so I end up pocketing $52. I also have private clients who pay me directly, and I have gotten those by referrals from past Rover clients. I charge my private clients $40/night.
I recently increased my rates on Rover and have been slow to increase my price with my private clients because they’re loyal.
I don’t make a ton of money dog sitting, but I am able to make a couple hundred dollars a month. My schedule is very limited, but there are people with better availability who make significantly more than I do!
I love animals and we don’t have any due to our sporadic work schedules, so it’s a great way for me to spend time with pets and get paid, too!
Bret’s income increase
Last year, Bret decided to take a break from grad school and soon after, he was offered a summer job in Alaska.
When we first started dating, he used to spend almost every summer there working for a family who owned a set-netting fishery. His uncle had spent many summers in Alaska working for this family and one summer brought Bret to work with him. They would catch salmon and sell it to a buying station in their area.
He went up there for about 6 summers in a row, until he got too busy with school and couldn’t go anymore.
He hadn’t been to Alaska in over 5 years, but someone who worked for the buying station remembered Bret, called him, and asked if he’d be interested in working at the buying station! Since he was already on a break from school, he said yes and worked up there for 8 weeks.
We were able to put every paycheck he earned towards our debt because we could manage all our expenses on my income alone. It was also a great way for Bret to spend part of his summer and I was finally able to visit as I never gotten the chance in previous years.
House hacking
We also started house hacking! We had a spare bedroom and bathroom I would use for my office and occasionally, for guests. A friend of mine and her husband are really into the real estate space and gave us the idea to rent it out.
We weren’t comfortable with the idea of having a long-term roommate, and with both of us working in healthcare, we knew there was a need for short-term and furnished housing for travelling healthcare professionals.
For us, short-term meant renting for 1-6 months, but we were open to individuals staying longer if it worked well for everyone involved!
Some questions we had to address before renting:
Did we need a permit?
How much should we charge for the deposit, rent and pets?
What furniture and amenities are important for travelers?
Where should we list the room?
How to create a lease agreement?
In our county, we did not need a permit to rent out the room if we were renting for at least 30+ days at a time.
After researching rental prices in our area, I found rooms that were of similar caliber listed for $1,100 per month or more. We wanted to be competitive and so we initially settled on $900 per month and have steadily increased it. We have now landed on $995 per month which includes all utilities and internet.
We set the deposit at $995, with an additional $300 for a pet deposit, and no ongoing pet rent.
We wanted to upgrade the furniture in the room and IKEA was a great place for us to find affordable, durable, and aesthetically pleasing furniture. We made sure the room had a bed, large dresser, bedside table, and we kept my desk in there too.
I read it’s important for travelers to have their own TV available so they can unwind in their room. We were able to find a decently priced smart TV off Facebook Marketplace.
Furnished Finder is where we decided to list our room, which started out as a platform for traveling nurses to find furnished housing. It is now used heavily by many healthcare professionals, students, and professionals in other fields.
Travelers reach out to us through the Furnished Finder website and if the dates work out, we move forward with scheduling a video interview. It’s important for us to be able to talk to the person, even if it’s just over video, and we want them to see our faces and home in real time as well.
For the lease agreement, we used ez Landlord Forms, because they have leases for each state with specific information on what’s required to include.
We don’t ask for anything major from tenants. The most important things to us are that they are respectful of our space, don’t smoke in the house, and pay their rent on time. We also added a page at the end for tenants to add two emergency contacts in case we need to call someone on their behalf.
We have had 4 renters so far with the room being occupied for 13 out of the last 14 months. It has really helped us with our debt payoff goals and we have also met some awesome people through the process! We plan to continue renting it out for the foreseeable future.
Applied for in-state student loan help
My state offered a program called the Oregon Behavioral Health Loan Repayment Program where they help minorities in the behavioral health field, or those who serve them, pay back their student loans.
This program is funded by The Behavioral Health Workforce Initiative which has the goal of recruiting and retaining behavioral health providers who, “Are people of color, tribal members, or residents of rural areas of Oregon, and can provide culturally responsive care for diverse communities.”
To apply, I had to show I was employed and actively providing behavioral health services and give them detailed documentation about my student loans. I also had to answer two essay questions related to being a part of and/or working with communities who are underserved and how my training has equipped me with supporting these communities.
I applied last year and was a recipient of an award!
As a recipient, there is a two-year service commitment which means I have to continue providing some sort of behavioral health service during that time frame (which I planned to). Over the next two years, I will be getting ~$88,000 in quarterly disbursements to put towards my student loans. So far this year, I have received ~$11,000, and it’s been life changing to say the least!
Alongside this support, I am also pursuing Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) for additional student loan relief.
Managing our mental health while paying off debt
Since I am a social worker, I often think about how money and debt affect individuals’ mental health. It’s one of the reasons why I started my blog in the first place.
I realized managing money is a universal task and many of us don’t know what we are doing because talking about money is taboo. And when you have financial stress, it can really take a toll on your mental health. So, I wanted to share our journey in hopes of helping others.
Bret and I aren’t those individuals who want to avoid eating out and fun experiences until we are debt free. And, we are also privileged to not have to take those extreme measures either. It has been important for us to make this journey sustainable and not deprive ourselves of experiences while we are going through it.
Here’s how we are making our journey sustainable:
Still going out to eat
Budgeting for personal spending money, aka fun
Setting realistic debt payoff goals
Putting aside money for travel
Not comparing and thinking other people are better than us because they’re able to pay off their debt quicker
Tracking our debt payoff progress (we use Excel). With so much debt left to pay off, being able to see our progress is really motivating
Openly talking about our debt. Avoidance is a coping mechanism for many, for us, acknowledging and addressing it has been so freeing (but it wasn’t always this way).
Talking about our dreams and reminding ourselves why we want to do this in the first place
We know that if we eliminated going out to eat, budgeting for fun, or both, we could be paying off our debt much quicker. However, that sounds miserable to us. It’s worth it to still go out to dinner, travel, or buy plants (in my case) than to deprive ourselves of the joy these things bring.
We are making great progress and we know in time, we will be debt free.
Our debt payoff journey is not linear
A few months ago, we decided to take out $6,000 of student loans. Bret currently has a full tuition scholarship, so we are tremendously lucky in that regard, but he just learned about some conferences that would be really helpful to his professional growth. We have gotten $1,500 of this loan money already which is included in our current debt balance, but we haven’t received all of it yet.
We could have pinched and saved to avoid taking on any of this debt, but that would have caused me to work more than I currently am. Again, not in line with our current goal of making this journey sustainable!
We were very intentional about how much to take out. We estimated how much he would need for a few conferences and declined the rest. We even opened a separate savings account for the money to make sure it didn’t get accidentally spent on anything.
I’m SO proud of us for that!
The goal here is progress not perfection. So cliche, I know. But we are learning how to think critically about our money, spend thoughtfully, use our money as a tool to reach our goals, and enjoy our life along the way. And right now, that meant taking on a little more debt.
We are moving in the right direction, and we know when he starts working, that will really accelerate our debt payoff journey since we have proven to ourselves we can live on my income alone.
Our plan going forward
Bret is still in school which means his loans are on deferment, so we currently have his on the back burner.
With the loan payment assistance I am receiving, it’s allowing us to put any extra money we have each month towards our savings. Our priority right now is building up a good emergency fund of about $16,000 (~4 months’ worth of expenses).
This has been difficult because of inflation and just little emergencies that keep popping up, but we are slowly making progress.
I am also prioritizing investing in my employer retirement plan, but only up to the amount that gets me my employer match which is 6% of my income.
Bret will be graduating in 2025, so at that time, we will pivot to incorporating his loans into our budget. Our goal is to be debt free by 2028.
It will take a lot of discipline and persistence, but I think we can do it. I am manifesting it!
We want to continue to learn, implement, and grow. We want to keep having transparent discussions about money and building our money foundations. And I personally want to continue sharing our journey with hopes of inspiring, encouraging and educating others. Here’s to sharing the wealth.
Do you have debt? What are you doing to pay it off?
Taylor is a social worker and personal finance blogger at Social Work to Wealth where she shares tips, resources, and lessons learned on her family’s journey to paying off $277,000 of debt and retiring early. She hopes to inspire and empower social workers with financial education so they can have a better relationship with their money. When she’s not working or blogging, you can find her traveling, gardening, trying a new restaurant, or buying too many plants.
An $18.4 million mortgage-subsidy fund resulting from the 2022 Trident Mortgage redlining settlement is now open to eligible borrowers in three Eastern states.
After a combined state and federal investigation last year found Trident — one of the largest mortgage lenders in the Philadelphia area before it ceased originations in 2020 — had regularly engaged in practices to discourage minority borrowing, the now-defunct company agreed to establish the fund under conditions of the settlement. The fund will support Black borrowers and majority-minority neighborhoods in a region that includes parts of Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Delaware.
“This subsidy program will make a difference to many hundreds, possibly thousands, of families impacted by historic redlining practices in Philadelphia,” said Pennsylvania Attorney General Michelle Henry in a press release.
The fund, called Pathway to Prosperity, includes two different programs — HomeAssist and HomeAccess — which will provide as much as $10,000 in financial assistance per qualifying mortgage. The rollout comes after Trident conducted a study to determine the needs of majority-minority communities in the Philadelphia area. Trident is contracting with nonbank lender Prosperity Home Mortgage to administer the fund.
HomeAssist will provide funding for the purchase or refinance of a primary residence located in a qualifying census tract. HomeAccess, meanwhile, is aimed at assisting current residents living in eligible neighborhoods to purchase a primary residence located in any state Prosperity is licensed.
“For too long, companies have avoided offering mortgages in neighborhoods that are home to predominantly people of color, denying them equal access to mortgage credit. This is one small step toward correcting that injustice,” Henry said.
Per the settlement, Trident will also provide consumer financial education and engage in community development partnerships within affected communities. Prosperity will open offices in some minority neighborhoods as well.
Although no longer conducting business as a home lender, Trident had agreed to continue operations to implement terms of the settlement. Both Trident and Prosperity are mortgage subsidiaries of Berkshire Hathaway-owned HomeServices of America, a consortium of companies serving real estate interests.
Following a four-year investigation, Trident was fined a total of $24.4 million, which included a penalty of $4 million owed to the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau for various violations. Among the investigation’s findings were derogatory language, including racial slurs, used in emails between Trident staff, and marketing campaigns that excluded minority consumers. More than half the population of Philadelphia is Black or Hispanic.
Attorneys general of the three affected states participated in the investigation, along with the CFPB and the U.S. Justice Department. All voiced approval of Trident’s program.
“The launch of this important loan subsidy fund marks a critical step in our efforts to redress Trident Mortgage Co.’s mortgage redlining practices, and to begin the process of making whole the communities that have been harmed by generations of systemic housing discrimination,” said New Jersey Attorney General Matthew J. Platkin.
“It will take generations to truly repair that harm — but this subsidy program will make a real, tangible difference for hundreds of redlining’s victims,” added Delaware Attorney General Kathy Jennings.
Redlining, defined as a systematic practice of underserving or discriminating against predominantly Black, Hispanic or other ethnic neighborhoods, has been prohibited since the 1960s with the enactment of the Fair Housing Act. But violations continue decades later, with multiple financial institutions this year involved in redlining lawsuits.
This past spring, Pennsylvania-based Essa Bank and Trust was also fined $3 million for purported infractions in the Philadelphia area. And in January, City National Bank of Los Angeles resolved allegations against it by agreeing to pay more than $31 million, the largest redlining settlement in history. Allegations have similarly hit the likes of KeyBank and HSBC in 2023.
For many people, college is the first time they’re truly in charge of their own finances. While it’s often a challenge, creating and maintaining a savings account for students is a foundational lesson for building healthy financial habits that last a lifetime.
And saving money as a student has its short-term, practical benefits, too.
“Life throws a lot of expenses our way that are hard to plan for—like when your car suddenly refuses to start when you’re running late for class,” says Jacqueline DeMarco, a freelance writer specializing in personal finance content. “That’s why building out a solid emergency fund is something that every college student should prioritize.”
So, how can you save money as a student in college? These savings tips can help give you some monetary breathing room and a financially secure start in adulthood.
Can you make your bank accounts work for you?
First things first: Make sure you have a good place to keep your savings. That means finding a bank that’s convenient and offers the features and benefits that work best for you.
DeMarco notes that students may feel limited to banks available on or near campus.
“If they aren’t happy with their on-campus bank options, college students may find that an online bank is a better fit for them,” DeMarco says. “Not only do online-only banks offer all of their services digitally, they also tend to have lower fees and offer higher interest rates than banks with expensive brick-and-mortar locations to pay for.”
Whichever bank you choose, DeMarco says there are two accounts every new student should strongly consider opening: a checking account and a savings account.
Setting up both a savings account and a checking account can be done online within a few hours at the bank of your choice.
How can students save money?
Once you’ve set up your checking and saving accounts, it’s time to take the next step toward financial responsibility. One of the best ways to save money for students is by setting up a budget.
How much should a college student spend per month? To determine that, DeMarco recommends subtracting your monthly expenses (essentials like food, utility bills, etc.) from your monthly income (whether it’s from a part-time job, student loans, or money from a parent). Doing this simple math will help reveal how much you can safely spend each month on fun stuff like new clothes or going to the movies—after you’ve put aside a portion for your savings, of course.
Looking to add more wiggle room to your budget? Try these money-saving tips for students:
Shop at consignment and thrift stores
Consignment and thrift stores offer previously owned clothes and other items at a discount. The primary differences are that thrift stores tend to be nonprofit organizations, accept more donations, and are generally less selective in what they choose to sell. Consignment stores are often more selective about the donations they accept, and they pass a portion of the sale to the person who donated—or consigned—the product.
DeMarco notes that consignment stores are not only a smart option for saving money—they’re also a way for students to make extra money by selling unwanted items.
Buy used textbooks
Textbooks can cost students hundreds of dollars if they’re new. Instead of paying full price, consider buying or renting used textbooks. “Many college bookstores offer used options, and online platforms often provide affordable alternatives,” DeMarco says.
You might also be able to recoup some of the money you spent once you’ve finished a class by reselling your textbooks to a used bookstore or an online vendor. “Sometimes I could even sell a book for more than I bought it,” DeMarco says, referencing her time as a student. Cha-ching!
Think about meal planning
So busy with classes and assignments that you find spending money at vending machines for on-the-go snacks easier than planning ahead? Stop, shop, and save. Set aside a few hours each weekend to prepare all of your meals for the week to come. Or, if you live in a dorm, hoard some extra items from the dining hall so you’re ready when those late-night study session cravings inevitably strike.
“Planning meals in advance gives students the chance to make a shopping list and stick to it,” DeMarco says. “As a bonus, having their meals planned will make it easier to avoid the temptation to dine out after a long day of classes.”
Explore free activities
Who says you need to splurge to have a good time? There are plenty of ways to have fun without spending money. Chances are, multiple free activities are happening on and around your campus on any given night. You can look up event calendars online or keep an eye out for announcements. Groups and clubs are always looking for participants and potential new members, so you can bet they’ll be happy to have you. (Plus, a lot of these events have free food.)
Ask for student discounts
It’s common for stores on and off campus to offer student discounts. To reap the benefits, always keep your student ID in your wallet, purse, or cellphone case so you can flash it and save some money.
“You’d be surprised how many retailers, restaurants, theaters, and entertainment venues offer discounts specifically for students,” says DeMarco, who relied on student discounts to help build her professional wardrobe as she neared graduation. “Plenty of major mall brands offer these discounts.”
Get a cheap coffee maker
Relying on caffeine to get through those late-night study sessions—or just to get moving each morning? Save money on java by buying a coffee maker and becoming your own barista. DeMarco says that a cheap or used French press is easy to use and could save you hundreds of dollars over the course of a year.
Rethink the car
It can be tempting to bring a car to college—whether for grocery runs or the occasional road trip. But the costs of gas, maintenance, and parking can add up quickly, DeMarco says. So leaving that set of wheels at home is another way for students to save money. Most college campuses are great for biking and walking. And many also provide shuttle buses and rides to essential off-campus places like grocery stores—as well as safe rides at night.
Track your savings
As you put these ways for students to save money into practice, DeMarco suggests tracking their positive impact on your budget. That way, you can see how your small saving techniques can add up over time. There are even money-saving apps for students you can download to measure your progress.
Where should college students keep their savings?
As you’re finding new ways to trim your budget, where should you put the money you’ve set aside? DeMarco says you’ve got a few options to consider:
Rewards checking account
While there are better places for long-term savings, rewards checking accounts are a valuable tool for college students as they begin to manage their own finances. Certain online checking accounts will provide cash back rewards based on how much you spend. For example, the Discover® Cashback Debit Account provides a 1% cash back bonus1 as well as overdraft protection if you overdraw your account.
Checking accounts are an ideal place to keep your spending money, funds for paying bills, and income earnings from part-time jobs or side hustles since they allow you to access the cash you need at any time.
High-yield savings account
Starting a high-yield savings account, like the Discover Online Savings Account, in college can make a dramatically positive impact on the rest of your financial life.
DeMarco recommends a high-yield savings account for any money that students may not immediately need but still want to keep available. “That way, their savings can earn interest, but they can access those funds if needed,” she says.
Call it a sunny day fund—online savings with no monthly fees
Discover Bank, Member FDIC
And putting aside a set amount of money each month into a high-yield savings account can start earning you compound interest. Even depositing a small amount of savings while you’re in college can add up over the years to make a sizable stash down the line.
CD
CDs, or certificates of deposit—especially those with a longer maturity term—can provide a higher return than a savings account. Use CDs for savings that you don’t expect to need over the CD’s term. The term length for CDs can vary widely. For example, Discover Certificate of Deposit terms range between three months and 10 years, with competitive annual percentage yields.
“If a student has a solid chunk of savings they know they won’t touch for a while, they may want to consider keeping their money safe in a CD, where it’s guaranteed to experience growth,” DeMarco suggests.
Retirement account
If you’re ready to start preparing for the more distant future (always a good idea), you can start by contributing money to an IRA, or individual retirement account. While some college students wait until they have a full-time job that offers a 401(k) plan to begin saving for retirement, the sooner you can get a head start, the better.
Discover offers both IRA CDs and IRA savings accounts.
Why not start saving while in college?
There’s really no better time to start saving than in college. To make your savings dreams a reality, set goals at the start of each semester and check your progress periodically. Maybe even reward yourself (nothing too extravagant, of course) for staying on track. Something as small as the occasional special meal or an activity that doesn’t blow your budget can be a fun way to celebrate those financial milestones.
Saving money can also create some amazing memories with the new friends you’ll be making. Ramen might seem dull, but challenging friends to see who can come up with the best recipe using cheap instant noodles can spice up the fun.
College can be a wonderful experience. And weaving these saving tips into that experience can help build the foundation for a comfortable and secure financial future. Just think: It could all start with a high-yield savings account.
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1 ATM transactions, the purchase of money orders or other cash equivalents, cash over portions of point-of-sale transactions, Peer-to-Peer (P2P) payments (such as Apple Pay Cash), online sports betting and internet gambling transactions, and loan payments or account funding made with your debit card are not eligible for cash back rewards. In addition, purchases made using third-party payment accounts (services such as Venmo® and PayPal®, who also provide P2P payments) may not be eligible for cash back rewards. Apple Pay® is a trademark of Apple Inc. Venmo and PayPal are registered trademarks of PayPal, Inc. Samsung Pay is a registered trademark of Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Google, Google Pay, and Android are trademarks of Google LLC.
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Welcome to NerdWallet’s Smart Money podcast, where we answer your real-world money questions. In this episode:
We discuss some of the unique money challenges that millennials face, and how they can feel empowered to take charge of their financial wellness during tough times.
Check out this episode on your favorite podcast platform, including:
What makes millennials and their financial challenges unique? There are many misconceptions about millennials as a generation — but like the generations before them, their financial wellness (or lack thereof) has been shaped by major events beyond their control.
As millennials grew up and navigated early adulthood, they faced recessions, the COVID-19 pandemic, rising student loan debt and a soaring cost of living. The result for many is discontent and a strained relationship with money.
In the first episode of our nerdy deep dive into millennials and their money, Nerdwallet personal finance writer Tiffany Curtis and host Sean Pyles discuss a recent announcement from the Pew Research Center about changes to how it will study and report on generations. They also chat about the role of social media in our financial lives and if they still believe in the American dream.
Tiffany also talks with Angela Moore, certified financial planner and founder of Modern Money Education, a financial education firm. Angela considers herself an “honorary millennial” and works with a variety of people to help them build a strong financial foundation. They discuss historic and present-day factors that have created millennials’ shaky relationship with money and ways that they can take ownership of their finances. That includes working with a professional to address financial trauma and finances, getting clear on financial goals and establishing what happiness looks like for them individually.
NerdWallet stories related to this episode:
Episode transcript
Sean Pyles: If you are of a certain age, anywhere from your late 20s to your early 40s, you have no doubt found yourself at some point reduced to your generational status. You are a millennial. And while every generation has its benefits and burdens, some also bring a specific, shall we say, attitude to the table.
Angela Moore: I think that a lot of millennials are getting to the point where they do not care what their parents think, or anyone else for that matter, they want to focus on happiness. A big theme now is my job has to be fulfilling. My job has to make me happy. I have to enjoy what I’m doing to a certain extent, right? There has to be that balance to life and a lifestyle element to it.
Sean Pyles: Welcome to NerdWallet’s Smart Money Podcast. I’m Sean Pyles.
Tiffany Curtis: And I’m Tiffany Curtis.
Sean Pyles: This episode kicks off our Nerdy deep dive into millennials and money. We’re going to explore what makes millennials unique in how they make money, manage money and talk about money.
Tiffany Curtis: We’re also going to explore how millennials have opened the door to wider conversations about generational financial trauma, and how they’ve gone about defying expectations about what their financial lives are supposed to look like.
Sean Pyles: OK. So, Tiffany, I am going to ask you the question that I ask all of our guest Nerds for these special series. Why are we doing this exactly? You and I are both millennials, so I’m guessing that is part of it.
Tiffany Curtis: Yes, that’s definitely a part of it. I just turned 30.
Sean Pyles: Congrats.
Tiffany Curtis: Thank you. I wanted to do a special series on how we relate to money because there are a lot of myths about millennials and money. There’s a misconception that we’re simply bad with money, not working hard enough. It also feels like general financial advice and ideas about what financial wellness should look like don’t take into account all of the significant events that we’ve lived through, and how those events and generational trauma impact our relationship with money.
Sean Pyles: Yeah, absolutely. And one thing that’s really interesting to me is how the experiences we have at really formative times in our lives shape the way that we think about our own finances and the economy for years to come. Folks in Gen X and boomers also lived through things like the 2008 financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic, but by virtue of being in different places in their lives, they may have been shaped by these events in different ways than we millennials were.
Well, speaking of millennials, Tiffany, let’s talk about this generation that we are a part of and also the whole idea of generations. First of all, can you please give our dear listener a refresher on how millennials are defined?
Tiffany Curtis: Yes. So, they’re generally defined, as you mentioned at the top of the show, as people who are between 27 and 42 years old. So, they were born between 1981 and 1996, so their formative years happened during and around the millennium. Although if you were born in the early ’90s, you probably don’t remember how wild Y2K was.
Sean Pyles: Y2K is such a throwback. I was 9 when Y2K happened, or I guess didn’t happen. I spent New Year’s Eve at my grandmother’s house in small town Minnesota, and I remember being very bored, but also feeling like I was in a relatively safe spot in the event that every nuke in the world was detonated at once or something like that. We all thought that was maybe going to happen.
Well, I think we also do want to acknowledge some of the problems that arise when we divide people up into generations. Millennials are not really one monolith nor are boomers or people in Gen Z. And speaking of Gen Z, the boundaries between one generation and the next can feel a little bit arbitrary, and a lot of issues around money have nothing to do with whichever generation you’re in. Having a tense or strained relationship with money isn’t inherently unique to millennials.
Tiffany Curtis: That’s true, but I think you can make a case that there’s a collective discontentment in the millennial generation. And you can definitely argue that’s the first generation to grow up with the internet ingrained in our lives. That makes us different from say, Generation X. We’ve also witnessed growing economic disparity and insecurity, and we’re the first to stare down a life deeply affected by climate change. And I also think it’s fair to say this generation is disillusioned with the American dream. I think we more openly question who that dream is for and whether it’s something to still strive for.
Sean Pyles: Yeah, amen to that. When I talk about money and the future with many of my friends, who are predominantly millennials, many of them express a sense of despondence or that they feel like they’ll never get ahead financially. But I don’t want this to be too much of a bummer conversation.
So, Tiffany, let’s talk about what is good. You mentioned the influence of the internet, and I would argue that has been a force for both good and bad. On the good side, it has allowed us to have really important conversations openly, publicly about all of those factors that you mentioned.
Tiffany Curtis: Agree.
Sean Pyles: And technology itself has brought changes to our financial lives. For example, do you ever even go inside banks anymore or even like a real old-fashioned brick and mortar store? We do have the world at our literal fingertips from the comfort of our couches.
Tiffany Curtis: Agree. I do still go into banks too, though.
Sean Pyles: Well, that is your own prerogative and good for you because I have not set foot in a bank in a long time.
Tiffany Curtis: But I remember when we were first talking about this series, we ran across some interesting perspectives on this whole “call me by my generation” question, didn’t we?
Sean Pyles: We did, and I particularly want to cite the Pew Research Center, which issued an explainer this year that said it was going to change its approach to studying and reporting on generations. The biggest takeaway, I think, is that they’re going to analyze generations when they have historical data that allows that comparison at similar stages of life. So, for example, they would look at people in their 30s and 40s across time instead of by arbitrary generational designations, and that makes sense to me.
Tiffany Curtis: Me too. But for now, we’re kind of stuck with millennials as a generation, so let’s talk about them.
Sean Pyles: Yeah, might as well, right?
OK, well, listener. we want to hear what you think. To share your ideas, concerns, solutions around millennials and money, leave us a voicemail or text the Nerd hotline at 901-730-6373. That’s 901-730-NERD, or email a voice memo to [email protected].
So, Tiffany, who are we going to hear from today?
Tiffany Curtis: Well, we’re going to start today with Angela Moore. She’s a certified financial planner and founder of Modern Money Education, a financial education firm. She’s based in Florida and calls herself an honorary millennial.
Welcome, Angela. So, glad you could join us on Smart Money today.
Angela Moore: Thank you. I’m excited to be here.
Tiffany Curtis: So, let’s start with an overview of where millennials are in their financial lives right now. What stands out to you as someone who does financial planning with millennials?
Angela Moore: I think what stands out the most is that there’s just so many competing priorities because we’re kind of like a sandwich generation. Many of us have parents that are getting up there in age, close to retirement age, so there’s the need to potentially help them financially or help them plan for retirement, supplement their financial situation. And then, many of us are beginning or have children at this point, so there’s the need to plan for our children and their education and their everyday expenses and needs.
And then, we still have all these competing personal financial priorities, whether it’s our everyday bills or our student loans, purchasing a home or other goals, and there’s so much more to add in there. We don’t have the same type of retirement benefits that previous generations had, and housing prices and the cost of living in general has just skyrocketed.
Tiffany Curtis: What do you think are some specific events that have shaped this generation in terms of how we view the role of money and the attainment of it? I’m thinking about things like the 2008 financial crisis and of course the COVID pandemic. Can you talk about some of the ways that those events affected millennials’ finances?
Angela Moore: Absolutely. The pandemic hit millennials very hard. The Center for Retirement Research at Boston College said that millennials were more likely to be laid off during the pandemic. The Pew Research Center said millennials were hit harder by the COVID-19 pandemic.
And so, I think that’s just part of the story. The other part of it is that there was a study done by the National Institute on Retirement a while back that found that 66% of working millennials have nothing saved for retirement. I think one of the things that really hit home for a lot of millennials is that there’s no stability here and that this system is not really working for us. And I didn’t even mention the student loan situation. I mean, I’ve routinely seen clients that have $200, $300,000 of student loan debt. And so, I think that forces you to have to think outside the box and be creative.
If you’re a millennial and you’re seeing what’s stacked against you, it’s almost like, “OK. Well, how can I now separate myself from this situation and elevate? How can I transcend this situation?” It’s not necessarily because millennials want to be creative and want to do everything differently. And then, it’s almost like you’re getting judged for wanting to be different, you’re getting judged for not taking a traditional route.
One of the historic things that happened was our country did away with traditional retirement plans. Back in the day, a lot of U.S. workers had pension plans. And it became very expensive to maintain these types of traditional retirement accounts or pensions, and so a lot of companies began to move to 401(k)s and 403(b)s and kind of what we call contribution-type plans. And so what that did, it shifted the burden of saving for retirement from the employer to the employees. The traditional advice that older people got when they were younger, it doesn’t work for our generation. It’s not going to work.
Tiffany Curtis: So, what do you think is some of that traditional advice that isn’t working for millennials anymore?
Angela Moore: I think the traditional advice is, “Go to college. Get a job. Save your money. Balance your checkbook.” The standards hold true, but it’s not enough anymore.
For someone who’s just working an average job trying to save and trying to penny pinch and budget their way through their financial situation is not going to have enough money saved to live on all throughout retirement. If you do the math, if you look at, “Hey, let’s say I start working when I’m 20 and I retire when I’m 65. OK, that’s 45 years that I’ve worked.” But let’s say that I live to be 100 or 95, let’s say. That means that in the 40 years that I’ve worked, I need to have saved enough to live on another 30 years. And I’m supposed to be saving this money even with the high cost of living, the high cost of purchasing a house, the high cost of paying for education, the high cost of inflation. And on top of that, I’m also supposed to be navigating this tumultuous financial market, right? The investment market. It just doesn’t add up.
Tiffany Curtis: So, I’m wondering if you can talk about some of the misconceptions that other generations might have about millennials, especially our relationship with money and how we manage it. How do you think millennials are seen by the rest of society?
Angela Moore: I think a lot of society, in the past especially, has looked at millennials as lazy, they don’t want a job. I think those are the most common misconceptions I’ve heard.
But in working with mostly millennial clients, I have to differ with that. I think that millennials are some of the smartest clients I’ve ever had. They’re extremely resourceful. They’re extremely mature. It’s not all about money for millennials, a lot of it is about health and wellness and balance, and I think that that’s key.
I think a lot of millennials do have a sound mind and they are aware of the financial situation and concerned with it. I just think that it’s hard. It’s extremely complex. From a financial standpoint, I think that millennials have actually done an excellent job of being aware of their financial situation and taking steps to try to do the best that they can.
Tiffany Curtis: Where do you think they’re coming from, the misconceptions?
Angela Moore: A lot of older people are not aware of how much it costs to go to college now. You can easily spend $80,000 a year on college now. And there’s a lot of things that the older generations just were not exposed to.
Even finding a job. I mean, even me, when I graduated college, I graduated college in 2002, it was easy to find a job, but things are different now. Things are completely different. And even finding a livable wage, especially in some of these major cities — let’s say you’re earning $100,000, that’s not a lot of money in a lot of these urban cities, in these environments. It doesn’t go very far nowadays.
Tiffany Curtis: So, we talked about things that older generations may not have been exposed to. So, that makes me think of millennials and the internet and how we’re kind of the first generation to really grow up in the age of the internet, and this big boom with social media especially. Can you walk us through the effect that you think that’s had on how we view our finances? Do you think it’s helped or hindered us?
Angela Moore: I think both. I think on the one hand, it’s exposed us to so many different options, so many different career paths, so many opportunities that we wouldn’t have had if we didn’t have access to information.
But then on the other hand, there’s the whole social media aspect and the comparing ourselves, and everyone’s out here living their best life on a yacht in some tropical paradise or whatever. And it just makes you feel like you’re broke compared to everyone else. There’s a lot of influencer type of content out there. And it’s hard when you are putting your head down and you’re working and trying to earn income and trying to save and trying to just create something, and it just looks like everyone else is doing so much better than you.
It’s both helped us in a lot of ways by giving us opportunities and exposure to things, but then at the same time, it can be devastating in a lot of ways as well and overwhelming. And so, subconsciously, you’re holding yourself to that standard. It’s almost impossible for us to separate the two internally in our brains.
Tiffany Curtis: I feel like when it comes to social media and millennials and finances, it very much feels like it just kind of amplifies that feeling of the haves and the have-nots, which makes me think of wealth inequality. There’s a lot of research coming out about the wealth gap among millennials, especially racially, and the major difference in net worth between white millennials and black millennials and other millennials of color. And wealth inequality is a source of generational financial trauma. So, I’m wondering, what does generational financial trauma look like to you?
Angela Moore: I’ll tell you a quick story. When I first got in the industry as a financial advisor, I was working at a huge brokerage firm and we had cubicles. And there was a young woman sitting across from me, and she was on the phone with her attorney discussing her prenuptial agreement like it was nothing. Just casually discussing what she would like to have in the prenup and all these different things. And I thought to myself, “Wow, I’ve never heard anyone talk about this.”
And as I grew in this career, that’s something I saw, is that there are certain families that talk about wealth, they talk about estate planning, they talk about business, they talk about investments, they talk about all these things at the dinner table on a routine basis. And in a lot of black and brown communities especially, you could go your whole life and you’ve never had a conversation about those things.
We’re just not typically exposed. We’re not at the table. We’re not in the room. And obviously, I mean, we all know the history of this country, there are certain families that have had generational wealth that came all the way from slavery times. The same goes for poverty. There is poverty that has been passed down from generation to generation. It’s a poverty mindset. It’s lack of knowledge, even. It’s behavioral patterns and habits that have been passed down. You saw your parents doing it, so you’re doing it.
And it’s not just that, then there’s also obviously what kind of access to advice that you have. One of the things that really bothered me about my industry when I stepped back and thought about it later in my career was that most financial planning firms and brokerage firms, they cater to high-net-worth clients. And what that means is that they are looking for individuals that have at least a million dollars to invest with them. A lot of these companies don’t even have any services that will cater to you at all. And so it’s like, where do the rest of us go for financial advice?
But I do think that a lot of millennials, what’s great about this is that because of the resources that we have, like the internet for example, people are beginning to take these matters into their own hands and they’re educating themselves. They’re reading books. They’re finding people like me to help them. They’re listening to things like this. They are really trying to empower themselves, which we’ve always done, but there’s now this access to information that wasn’t really available before.
Tiffany Curtis: And speaking of empowerment, what kind of advice do you give to your clients about how to deal with generational financial trauma?
Angela Moore: I think that seeking professional help in terms of therapy is not talked about. There’s trauma, there’s mindset and hindering beliefs a lot of times. So, seeking therapy.
The other thing is associating yourself with like-minded people who are also trying to empower themselves. So, find a Facebook group or whatever it is of people who are trying to financially empower themselves.
And then lastly, find a professional to help you get your finances in order, whether that’s a financial coach, financial advisor, financial planner, an investment advisor, whatever. There’s a lot of different types of financial professionals out there that can help you. There’s even student loan specialists out there. So, there’s just a lot of help nowadays and resources.
Tiffany Curtis: You’ve touched on some resources already, but given everything that we’ve talked about that millennials are navigating when it comes to their financial lives, what are some steps that they can take toward financial wellness right now? Immediately, as soon as they’re done listening to this, what sort of things can they do?
Angela Moore: Yes. So, the first thing you can do is take ownership and get organized. You want to have clarity around your current financial situation.
So, the first step is write out a budget, write down all of your monthly expenses and also any debt that you owe, anything like that. List it all on a piece of paper or a spreadsheet or whatever, just so you can have clarity around that. And then, also, list out how much income are you bringing home every month, and then compare. How much is coming in versus how much is going out? That’s the very first step.
Once you’ve done that, you want to focus in on your goals. So, many people have no clue what they’re trying to accomplish when it comes to financial situations. You could maybe have some short-term goals, maybe some long-term goals.
But then the next step is aligning your budget with those goals, right? Every month money’s coming in. Are you allocating that money in a way that aligns with what you are trying to accomplish in your life? That is the key. If your money’s just coming in and going out to all these random places and it’s not intentional, you’re not being intentional about how you’re spending or where you’re putting your money, then that’s where chaos sinks in.
After that, I would say focusing in on eliminating debt, making sure you have an emergency fund saved, then reviewing your insurance, car insurance, really important, all the different types of insurance. Disability insurance, you should know what disability insurance is, and you need to make sure you have it because disability insurance is insuring your income. If something happens and you are disabled and can no longer work, how are you going to save for retirement? How are you going to buy a house? How are you going to do anything? So, you need to make sure that you’re insuring your income with disability insurance.
And then, another thing is estate planning. Everyone thinks that estate planning is only for wealthy people, but that’s not the case. All of us should do an estate plan because an estate plan says, “Hey, if I’m ever in the hospital, who do I want making medical decisions for me? Who do I want to have access to my finances to be able to pay my bills and make sure my business keeps flowing and all these different things?”
Tiffany Curtis: It makes me think about how millennials are or aren’t redefining what financial wellness feels and looks like for them. So, I’m wondering if you could talk through, what do you think that looks like? Do you think that we’re redefining financial wellness? If we are, how?
Angela Moore: Absolutely. I think that a lot of millennials are getting to the point where they do not care what their parents think, or anyone else for that matter, they want to focus on happiness. And so, a big theme now is, my job has to be fulfilling. My job has to make me happy. I have to enjoy what I’m doing to a certain extent, right? There has to be, like I mentioned earlier, that balance to life and a lifestyle element to it.
I think the other thing is that a lot of millennials are doing what I call thinking outside the box. They are creating their own realities. A lot of millennials are starting to create their own businesses. They are leaving corporate America. They are creating new, innovative ways to make money and create multiple streams of income.
And they’re realizing that they need to increase their income in order to achieve financial stability. And I also think, you know, challenging societal norms. A lot of millennials are not trying to buy a house, some are not trying to get married. People are really looking at, “What makes me happy and what can I do to live the life I want to live in the most authentic way possible, instead of what society expects of me?” And so, that’s something I see that is unique to millennials.
Tiffany Curtis: So, it sounds like the onus is on millennials a lot to come up with these creative solutions and figure out how to do things in a nontraditional way, because like you said, the system isn’t working for us. But if you could, how would you like to see the system better support millennials?
Angela Moore: Well, I think a lot of it is political, and I think we’re seeing that some leaders are trying to address issues. Obviously, there’s a whole lot of issues to be addressed, and so sometimes our particular issues don’t take precedence, but I think that they should. Because the baby boomer generation, which is our parents’ generation, they are aging. They’re retiring, going into Social Security. So, the onus falls on the current working class to fund Social Security for them and fund retirement for them. And because there’s not as many of us, there’s a strain on the system.
These are all major, major concerns. When you add it up and do the math, it’s not going to work out unless something changes. So, I think that hopefully as we become leaders and get into leadership, that we can help push forward change.
Tiffany Curtis: Angela Moore, thank you so much for helping us out today, and helping us kick off the series.
Angela Moore: The pleasure is all mine. Thank you.
Sean Pyles: I love how Angela talked about the importance of empowerment and community. You two discussed a number of big challenges that the millennial generation is facing: wealth inequality, generational trauma, a difficult housing market. And these issues are real and hard to navigate. But at the end of the day, we still do have agency, right? We can decide what to do with our finances and can work to better our situations, even if the broader economic and societal context is difficult.
Tiffany Curtis: We do have agency. We get to decide what our financial priorities are. And I think with open and honest conversations like these, we move a little bit closer to improving our relationship with money, while we continue to hope that systemic change is on the way.
Sean Pyles: Exactly. Hoping that systemic change is on the way and taking action to make that happen. So, Tiffany, Angela touched on this a bit, but I know in our next episode we’re going to dive even further into the idea of generational financial trauma.
Tiffany Curtis: Yeah, we’re going to talk with two guests who have spent a lot of time counseling and educating millennials on how generational trauma intersects with our finances and how we may not even realize that said trauma is at the root of our relationship with money.
Aja Evans: When we start talking about financial trauma, in general, I think that there is a conversation that assumes people were coming from a place of poverty. And yes, that is very, very true for a lot of people, but there are also people who were raised in middle class, upper middle class wealthy families who are dealing with generational traumas of their own with money.
Tiffany Curtis: For now, that’s all we have for this episode. Do you have a money question of your own? Turn to the Nerds and call or text us your questions at 901-730-6373. That’s 901-730-NERD. You can also email us [email protected]. Also visit nerdwallet.com/podcast for more info on this episode. And remember to follow, rate and review us wherever you’re getting this podcast.
Sean Pyles: This episode was produced by Tess Vigeland and Tiffany Curtis. I helped with editing. Liz Weston helped with fact-checking. Kaely Monahan mixed our audio. And a big thank you to the folks on the NerdWallet copy desk for all their help. Also, a special shout out to Kathy Hinson for all of her help on the series.
Tiffany Curtis: And here’s our brief disclaimer, we are not financial or investment advisors. This Nerdy info is provided for general educational and entertainment purposes and may not apply to your specific circumstances.
Sean Pyles: And with that said, until next time, turn to the Nerds.
The Department of Justice (DOJ) announced that it has entered into a settlement with American Bank of Oklahoma (ABOK) to resolve allegations that ABOK engaged in unlawful redlining in Tulsa, Oklahoma. The DOJ opened its investigation of ABOK after receiving a referral from the FDIC.
In its complaint, the DOJ alleged that from 2017 through at least 2021:
All of ABOK’s branches and loan production offices were located in majority-white neighborhoods;
For purposes of the CRA, ABOK designated its Tulsa Metropolitan Services Area (MSA) to exclude all of the majority-Black and Hispanic-census tracts in the MSA;
ABOK did not assign a single loan officer to conduct outreach in majority-Black and Hispanic areas and did not market, advertise, or take steps to generate loans from majority-Black and Hispanic neighborhoods;
ABOK failed to implement effective fair lending compliance management systems;
ABOK significantly underperformed its “peer lenders” in generating home loan applications from majority-Black and Hispanic neighborhoods;
ABOK made a smaller percentage of HMDA-reportable residential mortgage loans in majority-Black and Hispanic neighborhoods compared to its peers; and
ABOK loan officers and executives sent and received emails via their ABOK email accounts containing racial slurs and racist content.
Notably, in addition to alleging that ABOK’s redlining practices violated the Fair Housing Act, the DOJ alleged that such practices violated the Equal Credit Opportunity Act. The question whether the ECOA applies to prospective applicants is currently before the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit in Townstone Mortgage. The CFPB appealed to the Seventh Circuit from the district court’s decision in the CFPB’s enforcement action against Townstone in which the district court ruled that a redlining claim may not be brought under the ECOA because the statute only applies to applicants and not to prospective applicants.
The actions that ABOK must take under the proposed consent order include:
Hire or designate a full-time director of community lending to oversee the development of ABOK’s mortgage lending in majority-Black and Hispanic census tracts and ABOK’s compliance with the consent order;
Establish a community-oriented loan production office in a majority-Black and Hispanic census tract in Osage, Rogers, Tulsa or Wagoner counties within the Tulsa MSA (Tulsa Lending Area) that has a no-fee ATM for ABOK customers and with lower fees for non-customers than what is available at nearby ATMs for non-customers;
Assign at least two full-time loan officers to solicit mortgage applications primarily in majority-Black and Hispanic census tracts in the Tulsa Lending Area;
Invest at least $950,000 in a loan subsidy fund with the goal of increasing credit for home mortgage loans, home improvement loans, and home refinance loans made in majority-Black and Hispanic neighborhoods in the Tulsa Lending Area (with no more than 25% of the fund to be used for refinances);
Partner with one or more community organizations that provide residents of majority-Black and Hispanic census tracts in the Tulsa Lending Area with services related to credit, financial education, home ownership, and foreclosure prevention and, through these partnerships, spend at least $20,000 per year ($100,000 over the term of the consent order) on professional services to majority-Black and Hispanic census tracts in the Tulsa Lending Area that increase access to residential mortgage credit;
Spend at least $20,000 per year ($100,000 over the term of the consent order) on advertising and outreach directed to residents and prospective residents of majority-Black and Hispanic census tracts in the Tulsa Lending Area;
Advertise its mortgage lending services and products to majority-Black and Hispanic census tracts in the Tulsa Lending Area at least to the same extent that it advertises its mortgage lending services and products to majority-white census tracts in the Tulsa Lending Area; and
Provide at least six financial education events per year, with translation and interpretation services in Spanish, targeted towards residents of majority-Black and Hispanic census tracts in the Tulsa Lending Area.
In its press release about the settlement, the DOJ indicated that it is part of the DOJ’s initiative to combat redlining, which it announced in October 2021. Other redlining cases that have been part of this initiative include settlements with ESSA Bank & Trust and Park National Bank.
Homeownership is a hallmark of the American Dream; it’s one of the few paths to building generational wealth and achieving financial freedom. Unfortunately, for many, it can feel like a pipedream.
According to a recent report from the U.S. Census, the homeownership rate has dropped to 63.1%, its lowest rate since 1970. Moreover, the outlook for individuals from minority communities is even more bleak. Based on a report from the National Association of Realtors in 2021, the homeownership rate among Black homeowners (43.6%) and Hispanic homeowners (50.6%) significantly lagged behind Asian homeowners (62.8%) and white homeowners (72.7%).
Much of the gap can be attributed to historical policies and practices, such as redlining, that prevented minorities from buying homes in certain areas, regardless of income level. As a result, individuals from underserved communities were denied the same wealth-generating opportunities. While many of those policies and practices are now illegal, homeownership still feels unattainable for some consumers.
Increasing the homeownership rate — particularly among diverse communities — is a marker of progress for our country. Closing the gap is paramount to uplifting individuals and households from underserved communities. We have a responsibility as a mortgage and financial services industry to drive meaningful change and create a more equitable path to homeownership.
Driving homeownership change requires resolve and education
While there are programs designed to create a path to homeownership for low- and moderate-income families, some of these programs haven’t gone far enough. For example, some families may be able to access down-payment assistance through non-profits and lenders, however, those families frequently need more financial assistance to maintain and remain in their homes over the course of many years. Without the additional help, some families may lose their homes.
Quite frankly, providing access to financial resources is only part of the homeownership equation.
Based on a recent Experian survey comparing the experiences of Black, Hispanic and white consumers, one barrier for Black and Hispanic consumers aspiring to become homeowners is not knowing where to start. In addition, 58% of Black and Hispanic consumers who were denied a mortgage do not know what they need to do to get approved in the future.
There’s a tremendous opportunity for mortgage lenders, non-profits and other financial services participants to redefine our financial inclusion efforts. In addition to addressing financial hurdles, we need to tackle some of the other barriers to closing the homeownership gap, including financial education. This could mean examining the types of questions individuals have about certain products or services, or meeting with community leaders to better understand the challenges that underserved communities are facing.
Individuals and households from underserved communities welcome the opportunity to learn about basic financial concepts, including how to navigate the housing market. Listening to the challenges they encounter, and imparting knowledge is how the mortgage industry can help them prepare to become homeowners.
For example, HomeFree-USA’s “Fast Track to Homeownership” program gets renters ready for mortgage approval and homeownership. Its intermediary network oversees 53 affiliated community and faith-based housing counseling agencies across the nation.
Financial educational resources, such as tips for building and maintaining good credit, that is customized to each community, coupled with classes that provide individuals with financial knowledge and access to tools, can help them to boost their credit score and grow the overall homeownership rate. Even something as fundamental as understanding the various tax refunds for homeowners who are eligible can make a huge impact on new homebuyers.
Inclusion cannot happen in a vacuum. Closing the homeownership gap among diverse populations requires a long-term vision and commitment from stakeholders across the financial services community. Providing access to financial assistance and the knowledge to navigate the housing market better prepares consumers to become first-time homeowners, and more importantly, to begin building generational wealth.
Wil Lewis is the global chief diversity, equity, inclusion and talent acquisition officer for Experian. Gwen Garnett is the executive director for HomeFree-USA.
Homeowners opt for ARMs instead of fixed mortgages for a number of reasons, but it’s mostly to save money.
After all, adjustable-rate mortgages are offered at a discount compared to fixed mortgages, and the level of discount varies based on how long the ARM is fixed.
The shorter the fixed-rate period on an ARM, the lower the interest rate. So if you want the lowest rate, you need to go with a one-year ARM as opposed to a 7/1 ARM.
Back in the mid-2000s, it wasn’t uncommon to see 1-month and six-month ARMs, which adjusted after just a month and six months, respectively.
Clearly this made for a lot of uncertainty, especially for less sophisticated homeowners who were often aggressively pitched such mortgages.
To make matters worse, lenders offered better pricing, or rather commissions, on ARMs with prepayment penalties.
Long story short, a ton of naïve homeowners wound up with short-term ARMs and three-year prepayment penalties, meaning they couldn’t refinance (or even sell in some cases) once interest rates went up.
As home prices tanked and monthly mortgage payments went up, the housing market imploded. The irony is that many of those who took out ARMs before the most recent housing crisis (to save money) lost their homes because of them.
Could We Repeat History Again?
But times have changed, right? Perhaps. The prepayment penalty is largely a thing of the past, and ARMs are a lot less popular these days thanks to ultra-low fixed rates.
However, the ARM-share of mortgages has been inching up lately, mainly because home prices are on the rise and borrowers see value in getting a discount for the first several years of their loan.
There also seems to be this belief that rates aren’t going to rise anytime soon, so why not go with an ARM and save lots of money?
Unfortunately, it’s that line of thinking that could land a lot of these borrowers in a tough spot a few years down the road, even if they qualify at the fully indexed rate today.
First off, payments can become unmanageable after a reset, especially if the borrower’s financial situation changes for the worse. And let’s face it; nobody’s job/income is set in stone.
Secondly, if rates do rise and you seek a refinance, you need to qualify. It’s never a guarantee to qualify for a mortgage. It’s also not cheap to refinance.
To alleviate some of these concerns, two financial literacy advocates have come up with a few ways to make ARMs safer.
Introducing the Safer ARM
John Bryant, the founder of Operation HOPE, and Robert Gnaizda, a founder of Greenlining Institute, have proposed a few ways we could make mortgages safer without impeding access to credit.
Their first suggestion is to require non-profit financial education before a low- or moderate-income family can take out any type of ARM, or interest-only mortgage for that matter.
Secondly, they believe no ARM should have a term that is less than the median time Americans own their primary residences, which is roughly seven to nine years.
In other words, you would only be allowed to take out a 7/1 or 10/1 ARM, and if you were considered a low- or moderate-income borrower, you’d have to complete a homeowner education class as well.
The pair also believes no institution should be able to offer interest-only mortgages to borrowers with less than a $5 million net worth. Don’ worry Mark Zuckerberg, you’re okay.
They argue that had these measures been in place a decade ago, the crisis would have never happened.
Reforming the QM Loan
Aside from taking issue with ARMs and IO options, Bryant and Gnaizda think the Qualified Mortgage rule could benefit from some tweaks as well.
They believe Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac should consider any 30-year fixed mortgage with a minimum seven percent down payment as a QM loan.
But only if the borrower’s income doesn’t exceed the median and the home is valued at no more than 90% of the region’s median price.
These loans wouldn’t require mortgage insurance either, though lenders would be able to charge a premium of 50 basis points for the first five years of the loan to compensate for risk (and even longer if the borrower fell delinquent).
Again, these borrowers would have to complete both pre- and post-financing education, though they could also receive a temporary waiver for up to six months of housing payments if unemployed or sick after five years or more of homeownership.
They plan to discuss these ideas with financial institutions, though similar warnings/suggestions thrown around a decade ago seemed to fall on deaf ears.