As the pandemic persists, most Americans’ financial positions are precarious at best, dire at worst. Thankfully our bank accounts are receiving their own helpful injection: a third stimulus check.
While you might be tempted to splurge your check on a purse or a PS5 (no judgment), you might also consider these financially mindful options, which can help lower your stress and multiply your money.
There are many different ways you can choose to approach this. So, I wanted to give you a lot of different options, in hopes that at least one or two of them may resonate with your unique financial position.
What’s Ahead:
Bulk up Your Emergency Fund
One of the best ways to improve your finances with your stimulus check is to bulk up your emergency fund. That is if you have one. If you don’t, it is absolutely time that you get one started. Trust me, you will be thankful when an emergency comes your way.
You don’t have to start big, but anything is better than nothing. Even if you only deposit ⅓ or ½ of what your stimulus check is, you have already helped create a financial buffer for yourself.
I know that when my family’s emergency fund has at least six months’ worth of expenses in it, we feel much more secure than when it dips lower. The peace of mind of knowing that you are prepared for an emergency, should one come up, is absolutely incredible.
What helped me build my emergency fund up faster was a high-yield savings account. While what they consider “high-yield” these days isn’t exactly what it used to be, they still offer much higher interest rates than you would get at a traditional bank.
There are quite a few options out there, but one of my favorites is the CIT Savings Builder. You only need $100 to open an account, and there are no fees. If you are able to put in a minimum of $100 each month (or maintain a balance of $25,000 or more), then you will earn the highest interest rate they have (1.00%). See details here.
So, if you don’t already have an emergency fund set up, this is the first place I would suggest starting.
CIT Bank. Member FDIC.
Give Your Budget a Boost
Another way to use your stimulus money is to sprinkle it into malnourished areas of your budget. After all, the point of stimulus checks is to stimulate the economy and your budget is where you plan your spending.
For example, maybe you’ve had to reduce your spending on entertainment, travel, or even groceries over the past year. If so, consider using your third round of stimulus money to replenish those silos. You may even consider planning to spread that money out over multiple months’ budgets, in order to create a small safety net just in case your income decreases.
Personally, I started out budgeting using a spreadsheet that I created in 2002 (which has thankfully evolved!). If you are new to budgeting, or just need a little help, there are a lot of budgeting tools out there. Some of these are free and some are not, but spending a small portion of your stimulus check on a subscription to one may not be a bad idea.
One app that can be a big help is PocketSmith, which serves as a personal assistant for your finances. What I like about PocketSmith is that it shows you the future. As you budget, the app demonstrates how today’s expenditures will affect your finances months, and even years, from now. The best thing about PocketSmith, though, is that you don’t have to pay a dime for the basic version. You’ll have to manually import your transactions and you’ll only get six months of future projections, but it’s worth it.
Subscribe to a Financial Management Tool
Financial management tools (think budgeting tools) are extremely useful in improving your finances. They can effectively help you determine your weaknesses and figure out an action plan to help you reach your financial goals faster.
If you don’t have one in your toolbelt, why not consider spending some of your stimulus money on one? Because at the end of the day, using a tool to help you budget is going to save you so much money down the road. This is something almost all financial advisors agree upon – and anybody for that matter who has used one.
Most financial management tools have different plan options, set at different price points, so you can customize your experience to match your needs. There are many different options out there to help you manage your finances, but, two of my favorites are both very interactive, and have multiple options to help you maximize how you manage your finances.
Empower is another great example. They have been around for quite some time now, and I have been using them for years. They not only offer a net worth map (which is one of my favorite tools), but a portfolio analysis, fee Analyzer, and budgeting tool.
Empower ties into all of your bank and investment accounts to aggregate the numbers and figures appropriately. This really helps to give you a bigger picture of everything that is going on with your finances.
(Personal Capital is now Empower)
Invest it
If you already have an emergency fund and have a comfortable budget, then there is another great option. You could use some, or all, of your stimulus check to invest in the stock market instead. You could, with time, turn your check into even more money!
Since my husband and I have started investing in the stock market, it has become one of our favorite activities to help improve our finances. The average return on investments annually in the stock market is around 8%, which can really help improve your finances.
This doesn’t mean you are guaranteed an 8% return on your money every year. This is just the average over time. So, some years will be better than others, but there is no time like the present to get started.
Robinhood is an especially good option, geared towards Millennials and Gen Z who are new to investing. Not only is it easy to get started, but they make it simple to navigate trades also. You can even perform all functions directly from their app on your phone, so you can manage your investments on the go!
Robinhood has no fees for setting up an account and it’s commission-free. Plus, they give you a free stock worth between $5 and $200 just for signing up!
Pay a Tax Preparer
If you haven’t filed your taxes yet, and want to make sure you get the best return possible, it may be beneficial to pay a tax preparer. Tax preparers are experts at tax code and finding all of the tax write-offs you may be eligible for. I don’t know about you, but I happen to be a big fan of getting as many tax write-offs as possible because it reduces how much I have to pay in taxes. In fact, for me, it usually means I get a bigger return. Which I love!
If you aren’t sure a tax preparer is worth it for you and your unique situation, you could always go the tax software route instead. Tax software likeTurboTax generally costs much less than a tax preparer does, but can still help you find write-offs to lower your taxes!
Hire a Financial Advisor
If you don’t already have a financial advisor, then this may be a good use of your stimulus check. Financial advisors are an essential tool to have in anyone’s financial toolbelt, definitely if your financial situation has recently changed.
A financial advisor will go through every aspect of your finances with you to help determine the best path for you to reach your goal. And if you aren’t sure what your future financial goal is, they can help you figure that out, too.
Just make sure whomever you choose as your financial advisor is a fiduciary. A fiduciary is a fee-only advisor who doesn’t make commissions on sales. Therefore, fiduciaries have your best interest at heart.
If you decide to hire a financial advisor using your stimulus check, then one of the best places to start is the Paladin Registry. This is an online marketplace specifically created to help you find a financial advisor that will work for you. Even better, they specialize in mostly independent fiduciary financial advisors, instead of advisors at brand name firms.
Open a “Lazy Portfolio” of Long-Term Investments
Earlier I covered how you can use your third stimulus check to begin actively investing in the stock market using platforms like Robinhood.
But what if you’d like to multiply your money in the stock market without being so hands-on? What if you’re not sure what stocks and ETFs to pick?
Then a “lazy portfolio” might be perfect for you. The term “lazy” comes from how easy it is to start and maintain; nobody will call you lazy for having one, since tons of professionals use them!
A lazy portfolio is a bundle of long-term investments that you pick once, and simply allow to mature over years and decades with little to no intervention. Contrary to popular belief, you don’t have to be buying and selling stocks all day to make money in the stock market. In fact, buying and holding often works better, saves you time, and keeps your stress levels much lower than day trading.
You can launch a lazy portfolio using M1, an investing app geared towards mid-to-long-term investments. M1 prompts you to build “M1 Pies,” which are like bundles of bundles of bundles of investments (talk about diversification). For example, a 40% “slice” of your pie could be M1’s “responsible investing” portfolio, made up of a diverse and safe array of ETFs.
Increase Your Auto Insurance Coverage
Like a fire extinguisher, good auto insurance is something you don’t think about until you need it. Then, you’re really, really glad you have it.
As life returns to normal and businesses reopen, you might find yourself commuting again soon (if you haven’t already). For that reason, now is a good time to consider revisiting your auto insurance coverage levels, and fortifying certain areas as necessary.
One example might be your comprehensive coverage. Will your car be exposed to the elements during your upcoming policy period? Has auto-related crime risen in your area during the pandemic? These are both solid reasons to consider increasing your comprehensive coverage levels and/or reducing your deductible.
Buy Life Insurance
Stephen Colbert once asked Keanu Reeves what he thinks happens when we die. The legendary actor responded, “I know that the ones who love us will miss us.”
That’s true for all of us, and if you have family members that rely upon your income, they may suffer financially as well.
If you have dependents, e.g. relatives or children whom you support financially, you might consider taking out a life insurance policy for yourself and listing them as the beneficiaries. I know, facing your own mortality and thinking about what your family will do if you pass away is not a pleasant thought process, but once you get over the initial discomfort, purchasing a life insurance policy can bring peace to you and your loved ones.
Policies are typically sold as “term life insurance” policies, meaning you pick your total years of coverage upfront. Terms typically range from 10 to 30 years, with some providers offering increments of 5 or even more flexible terms. Plus, term life insurance is pretty cheap when you’re young and healthy.
You’ll like be able to find a super cheap rate for a term life insurance policy by visiting Policygenius. You can enter your info just once and see multiple competing rates from reputable, trustworthy companies. Plus, Policygenius isn’t just for life insurance; it’s a veritable insurance bazaar, where you can find the lowest possible rates for auto, home, disability, life, jewelry, health, even pet insurance.
Buy Pet Insurance
Another great way to protect your hard-earned money is to spend a little of your stimulus on some pet insurance. Pets, like people, have expensive medical bills; a single trip to the vet can cost $3,000 – $10,000 depending on the illness or emergency, so it pays to have your fur baby covered.
Thankfully, although the medical bills are equally horrifying, pet insurance is much cheaper than people insurance. A healthy young pet with minimal coverage may only cost around $15 to $30 per month to insure, while an older pet with pre-existing conditions may cost around $70 – $90 per month. An average pet with average coverage levels will cost around $45 monthly.
Plus, having pet insurance can remove a lot of hidden background stress from pet ownership. As a dog owner myself, it’s no fun to think of my little mutt as a potential source of financial burden. Pet insurance eliminates that possibility, so she and I can focus on enjoying each other’s smelly company.
Pay Off Debt
This one may seem obvious, but one of the best things you can do with your stimulus money is to pay off some of your existing debt.
Your existing debt might include student loans, your auto loan, or even run-of-the-mill credit card debt. And even if you’re already on track to pay off these loans in a timely manner, it helps a ton to put a $1,400 ding in it for a few reasons.
First, some of this debt may be charging you month-to-month interest. Credit cards especially are notorious for gouging debt holders with upwards of 29.99% APR, which can quickly drain your credit score and lead you further into debt.
Second, even your lower-interest debt like your auto loan or student loans can benefit from applying your $1,400 stimulus check as an “extra payment” or two. Doing so can reduce your remaining payments but also potentially lower your interest, saving you even more.
If your $1,400 check helps you pay off a loan early, just be sure to check your lender’s early payoff terms. Some lenders will charge you a fee or a percentage of your remaining interest if you pay off your loan early. In most cases, it’s still worth it, but you should factor in these fees nonetheless.
Spend it
Last but not least, spending your stimulus check can be a great way to improve your finances. I realize that sounds counterintuitive, but it’s really not. After all, the government sent out stimulus checks to stimulate the economy during this pandemic. So, if you are already set in all of the other categories, then this is likely the category for you.
Here’s just one example of how spending your stimulus check can improve your finances in the long run: if you invest in home improvements, they can help increase the value of your home. This will net you more money when you go to sell your house or if you decide to apply for a home equity loan with a company. The more equity you have built up in your home, the more opportunities you have to access that money down the road.
Lastly, spending doesn’t always have to provide a fiscal return on investment. If a purse or a PS5 will bring you more than $500 worth of joy, go for it. The purpose of money isn’t just to make it and invest it, but to spend it in ways that improve our quality of life.
So don’t feel guilty about spending your stimulus if that’s the right move for you. Just spend it wisely, and be sure to get a good deal.
Summary
If you qualify for a stimulus check, there are so many things you could do with it. But, the best thing you can do is to use it to improve your finances. There are many different ways to go about this, and it will be different for each one of us.
No matter which path you choose, make sure to maximize your stimulus check’s potential and think before you spend.
Read more:
¹ For Figure Home Equity Line, APRs can be as low as 4.49% for the most qualified applicants and will be higher for other applicants, depending on credit profile and the state where the property is located. For example, for a borrower with a CLTV of 45% and a credit score of 800 who is eligible for and chooses to pay a 4.99% origination fee in exchange for a reduced APR, a five-year Figure Home Equity Line with an initial draw amount of $50,000 would have a fixed annual percentage rate (APR) of 3.00%. The total loan amount would be $52,495. Alternatively, a borrower with the same credit profile who pays a 3% origination fee would have an APR of 4.00% and a total loan amount of $51,500. Your actual rate will depend on many factors such as your credit, combined loan to value ratio, loan term, occupancy status, and whether you are eligible for and choose to pay an origination fee in exchange for a lower rate. Payment of origination fees in exchange for a reduced APR is not available in all states. In addition to paying the origination fee in exchange for a reduced rate, the advertised rates include a combined discount of 0.50% for opting into a credit union membership (0.25%) and enrolling in autopay (0.25%). APRs for home equity lines of credit do not include costs other than interest. Property insurance is required as a condition of the loan and flood insurance may be required if your property is located in a flood zone.
Figure Lending LLC dba Figure. 15720 Brixham Hill Avenue, Suite 300, Charlotte, NC 28277. (888) 819-6388. NMLS ID 1717824. For licensing information go to www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org. Equal Housing Opportunity. Licensed in Alabama 22533, Alaska AK1717824, Arizona 0948458, Arkansas 114692, California: Loans are made and arranged pursuant to a Finance Lenders Law License, Licensed by the California Department of Financial Protection and Innovation under the California Finance Lenders Law (License 60DBO81967), Delaware 026994, Florida MLD1636, Georgia Residential Mortgage Licensee 61229, Idaho MBL-9625, Indiana 39933, Iowa 88893478 and 2018-0048, Kansas MC.0025537 and SL.0026703, Louisiana 1717824, Massachusetts Mortgage Lender License ML1717824, Michigan FL0021494, Mississippi 1717824, Missouri 19-2421, Montana 1717824, Nebraska 1717824, Nevada 4823, New Hampshire 22423-MB, Licensed by the N.J. Department of Banking and Insurance, New Mexico 1717824, North Carolina L-180811, North Dakota MB103310, Ohio RM.804317.000, Oklahoma ML011894, Pennsylvania 66882, South Dakota ML.05202, Tennessee 151185, Washington CL-1717824, West Virginia ML-36248, Wisconsin 1717824BA
Empower Personal Wealth, LLC (“EPW”) compensates Webpals Systems S. C LTD for new leads. Webpals Systems S. C LTD is not an investment client of Personal Capital Advisors Corporation or Empower Advisory Group, LLC.
2008 & 2018 lenders: ghosts in the machine; warehouse, pre-approval, DPA, manufactured housing, marketing products
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2008 & 2018 lenders: ghosts in the machine; warehouse, pre-approval, DPA, manufactured housing, marketing products
By: Rob Chrisman
Wed, Aug 2 2023, 8:26 AM
“If you have no interest in banking, you are not a loan.” (Best said out loud to a 6th grader.) Cutting edge humor aside, this morning I head to Orlando for the FAMP event, in a state where there are a total of 186 banks operating with 4162 branches. Some of the conversation will be about Freddie Mac earning $2.9 billion in the 2nd quarter (how’d your company do?). Banks… Last Friday we saw something we haven’t seen for a while: a bank closure. “Heartland Tri-State Bank of Elkhart, Kansas, was closed by the Kansas Office of the State Bank Commissioner, which appointed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) as receiver… the FDIC entered into a purchase and assumption agreement with Dream First Bank, National Association, of Syracuse, Kansas…” While we’re on Agency and government news, the Federal Reserve’s quarterly Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey found that banks have tightened credit standards for both business and consumer clients, and they expect to tighten further through the rest of the year. “…a less favorable or more uncertain economic outlook, an expected deterioration in collateral values, and an expected deterioration in credit quality of [commercial real estate] and other loans.” (Today’s podcast can be found here and is sponsored by Candor. Candor’s patented automated underwriting decision engine, CogniTech, is a state-of-the-art, 100 percent machine platform that can handle infinite loan scenarios. Listen to an interview with Polunsky Beitel Green attorney Andy Duane on recent capital rules plans changes by U.S. bank regulators.)
Lender and broker software, products, and services
In 2022, Americans spent an average of $6,000 on engagement rings to demonstrate lifelong commitment to their partners. Just as the act of proposing with a ring symbolizes a promise, SimpleNexus, an nCino company, also seeks to engage prospective homebuyers with the promise of an intuitive, modern home financing experience. A single-sign mobile app gives borrowers the convenience of managing their mortgage loan from anywhere, with a rich feature set that allows them to submit an application, scan and upload documents, eSign disclosures, and attend virtual eClosings. What’s more, built-in messaging and notification features foster meaningful connections between lenders, borrowers, and their real estate agents. See how SimpleNexus can put your organization and your borrowers on the path to a future filled with security and prosperity. Schedule a demo today.
Click links, ask questions later. The most common attack vector for a cyberattack is the human element. It’s what phishing emails, phone calls and text messages all have in common. Yet while it’s the weakest link, the human element could be your organization’s greatest prevention layer if trained correctly. In an industry that incentivizes people based on sales goals, every mortgage lead has bottom line potential. And in the current market, it’s only human to go after leads without stopping to consider their legitimacy. But recent data shows just how risky clicking without thinking can be. According to ISACA, in 2022 social engineering (tricking humans) was the #1 attack vector, and even the best teams are vulnerable. Learn how to do a better job at testing and training your team to identify legitimate leads. Talk to Richey May’s cybersecurity experts for help assessing and defining your cybersecurity training needs.
“Attention Mortgage Technology Companies! Discover the secrets to thriving in this competitive market with our free white paper, tailored specifically for you. Written by Seroka Brand Development, the mortgage industry’s leading marketing and public relations company, this exclusive guide reveals top marketing and PR strategies for 2023. As the industry faces its current set of challenges, effective yet cost-conscious marketing is more crucial than ever for companies like yours, competing for every opportunity. Learn six impactful ways to reach your target market and secure success through the rest of 2023 and beyond. Don’t miss out on this invaluable resource: download your FREE white paper now.”
“AFR Wholesale® (AFR) is teaming up with financing experts from Fannie Mae for the next session of our Why Wait Live Webinar Series! Please join us Wednesday, August 9th at 2 PM EST, where we will be highlighting what you need to know about manufactured home financing. AFR has been a leading expert in manufactured homes for over 25 years. With this added knowledge and proven experience, we’ll be an extension of your team to help the prospects in your portfolio to become borrowers. Over this series, AFR has been discussing affordable financing solutions that together will help us provide homeownership opportunities to more families. Register Today! This is a live webinar, and a recording will not be provided. Sign up today and don’t miss it! If you are currently a partner of AFR, start utilizing these programs right away! Contact AFR by going to afrwholesale.com, email [email protected] or call 1-800-375-6071.”
“Why are some lenders and LOs thriving in this market? Because they know there are still 1st-time buyers and people seeking DPA! Stairs Financial aggregates DPA information and matches homebuyers, often CRA-eligible, to lenders/programs on our platform to help lenders create customers for life. Through Stairs, borrowers are educated about loan programs and terms to better understand their loan options before connecting with our lender network. Stairs is launching in Texas and quickly expanding nationwide with licenses in 40 states. We’re partnering with national, regional, and local lenders in every market to ensure every aspiring homeowner gets the help they need. By seamlessly connecting to your PPE, Stairs can show borrowers your rates, loan terms, and DPA program options. Further, we can deliver mortgage leads to your CRM or lead management system. If your firm wants to help more 1st-time buyers achieve their dream of homeownership, contact Mike Romano.”
“This seems too good to be true” is what we hear pretty often when it comes to QuickQual. Lucky for you, it is true. Loan officers issue QuickQuals right from within the LOS and give borrowers and Realtors the ability to run payments and update pre-approval letters within guardrails you set. Check out QuickQual by LenderLogix and they’ll text a demo right to your phone!
Warehouse/liquidity programs
If you’re heading to California for Western Secondary, carve out time to meet with the team from Flagstar Bank. At a time when banks are downsizing or leaving the warehouse business altogether, Flagstar remains firmly committed to the mortgage space. They’re the second largest warehouse lender with $119 billion in assets, offering the strength, stability, and best-in-class service you’ve been looking for. Flagstar warehouses most loan types, including conventional, non-QM, and construction, and offers MSR, servicer advance, and EBO financing solutions. Their warehouse platform is flexible enough for 400+ warehouse clients of all sizes to fund quickly and easily. While you’re at the conference, talk to Flagstar about their experienced Specialized Mortgage Banking Solutions team to find out if they can help streamline operations and provide greater value for cash balances. With 35 years of experience, Flagstar is a trusted lending partner ready to unlock a world of opportunities for your business. Contact Jeff Neufeld or Patti Robins today to discuss what Flagstar can do for you.
“If you’re attending the California MBA Western Secondary Market Conference in Dana Point, make sure to include Axos Bank’s Warehouse Lending Team in your agenda. Our team will be available to discuss strategies and showcase how our diverse array of Agency, Jumbo, and Non-QM products can provide you with the flexibility and liquidity needed to become a top producer in today’s market. With our expanded portfolio programs and extended cutoff times (6:15 p.m. ET), achieving success has never been easier. To secure a meeting time, simply reach out to Eric Nelepovitz and Justin Castillo via email, or if you have any questions, feel free to contact the Warehouse Lending team at 888-764-7080. Don’t miss out on this opportunity to elevate your business to the next level.”
The only thing constant is change
Independent mortgage banks and credit unions aren’t the only entities who originate residential loans. Banks have been in the news!
Grizzled industry vet Ken Sonner, showing his age, noted, “The ‘Banc of California buying PacWest’ deal is very interesting. A $10BB bank tries to swallow a $40BB bank? Kinda like GreenPoint buying Headlands.” Don’t forget that Norwest bought Wells Fargo but kept Wells’ name.
And then there’s this story: “Donald Trump’s business empire faced a potential crisis after he left the White House and his longtime accounting firm warned not to rely on his past financial statements. But Axos Bank, an online-only financial firm headquartered in San Diego, soon agreed to loan him $225 million, stabilizing his finances.”
In general, do you think anything is permanent in residential lending? How many of 2008’s top 20 are still in the game? Wells Fargo, Chase, Bank of America, Countrywide Financial, Citi, Residential Capital LLC, Wachovia, SunTrust Mortgage, US Bank Home Mortgage, PHH Mortgage, Washington Mutual, Taylor, Bean, & Whitaker, Flagstar Bank, AmTrust Bank, National City Mortgage, ING Bank, BB&T Mortgage, First Horizon Home Loans, Franklin American Mortgage Company, and IndyMac.
How about in 2018?
Wells Fargo, Chase, Quicken Loans, PennyMac Financial, United Wholesale Mortgage, Bank of America Home Loans, U.S. Bank Home Mortgage, Caliber Home Loans, Amerihome Mortgage, loanDepot.com, Flagstar Bank, Freedom Mortgage, Fairway Independent Mortgage Corp., Guaranteed Rate Inc., SunTrust Mortgage, Nationstar Mortgage, Citizens Bank, Guild Mortgage, Stearns Lending LLC, and Navy Federal Credit Union.
Recognize some ghosts?
Capital markets: rates, as always, up some, down some
Yesterday was yet another volatile day in rates and MBS as rates staged another breakout to higher yields after shrugging off month-end buying and some weak data. While volatility remains elevated it also remains range-bound, and sentiment is that the Fed is finally finished with its historically aggressive pace of tightening.
On the data front, we received a weaker than expected ISM Manufacturing survey (Institute for Supply Management) for July as the manufacturing economy continues to contract. New Orders improved, and pricing pressures continue to fall. Supply delivery times decreased. Overall, the news on pricing should be good for the Fed, as it looks like its tightening policy is having the desired effect. There was also a smaller than expected increase in June Construction Spending (actual 0.5 percent) after increasing an upwardly revised 1.0 percent in May. Residential spending continues to be powered by new single-family construction to meet demand that cannot be satisfied through the existing home market.
Ahead of Friday’s payrolls report, job openings were 9.6 million at the end of June, according to the JOLTS report. Hires decreased to 5.9 million, with losses experienced in finance and manufacturing. The “quits” rate, which tends to forecast wage inflation, decreased to 2.4 percent from 2.6 percent in June and 2.7 percent a year ago. The jobs market remains exceptionally tight but continues to show incremental signs of weakening. Job openings have fallen 20 percent since the Fed began tightening policy in March 2022, even with the unemployment rate trending sideways. Price growth still elevated and a pullback in demand for workers ongoing, a “soft landing” remains far from assured, but this is an encouraging step toward inflation subsiding without a recession.
Today’s economic calendar kicked off with mortgage applications decreasing 3.0 percent from one week earlier, according to data from MBA. We’ve also received ADP employment (324k, nearly twice as strong as expected! We’ll learn the U.S. Treasury details of the Quarterly Refunding (3-year notes, 10-year notes, and 30-year bonds) where we can expect amounts to increase from previous auctions in the face of a Fitch downgrade of U.S. debt. We begin the day with Agency MBS prices unchanged from Tuesday and the 10-year yielding 4.04 after closing yesterday at 4.05 percent; the 2-year is at 4.90, showing no impact of Fitch’s opinion of U.S. debt. Much ado about nothing?
Jobs and transitions
“FLCBank is looking for seasoned Wholesale Account Executives in the northeast, southeast, central, and northwest regions. If you are looking to make a move and join a company with a tenured culture of collaboration, team-based success, and the security of working for a federally chartered national bank, then it’s time to call Bob Eisendrath, Strategic National Account Manager (414.350.3986). FLCBank is an agency-approved lender, offering a suite of Jumbo products with IO, fixed, and ARM options, as well as bank portfolio products like bridge loans. Our AEs work with Brokers, Non-Delegated Correspondents and have the opportunity to offer warehouse lines to your customers. FLCB cultivates a fun team environment where both sales and the operations staff are passionate about delivering exceptional customer experience with every loan. We offer competitive compensation, an energized culture, and seasoned operations and support staff. FLCBank is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer.”
Do you have what it takes to be a mortgage superstar? Do you want to work with a lender that is leading the way in using AI to revolutionize the mortgage industry? If so, you need to check out Stockton Mortgage, a proud adopter of Lender Toolkit and its revolutionary solution, AI Underwriter™, which automates and applies underwriting conditions in 90 seconds or less. With just one click, you can review credit reports, income, assets, appraisals, loan data, fraud reports and more. Stockton Mortgage is using AI Underwriter to boost its productivity, quality, compliance, and find issues earlier in the process, delivering faster communication to Stockton’s customers. Stockton is looking for talented and ambitious professionals to join its team and grow with others on the team. If you’re ready to take your career to the next level and be part of the tech future of mortgage lending, visit Stockton’s website or contact the team today.
“Security National Mortgage Company (SNMC) has announced that Austin Jacks has joined the Company to serve as its Chief Marketing Officer. Mr. Jacks has over a decade of mortgage industry marketing experience focused on creating marketing products and building teams to enable loan originators to thrive. Mr. Jacks most recently served as the field marketing manager for Nations Lending. Joel Harward, SNMC’s SVP, stated, “Austin’s approach to modern marketing and his extensive experience will help us elevate awareness of the Company’s brand and expand its market share. His passion for marketing, strategic focus, and creativity will make him a great addition to the SNMC team. We are confident that Austin will play a key role in SNMC’s continued growth and success.” If you are interested to find out why Austin Jacks joined SNMC and why “It is Better Here”, please check us out here.”
How many ads for mortgages have you seen like this ad for mobile homes?
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Pet adoptions have been soaring with the current COVID-19 pandemic. In my opinion, that totally makes sense! After all, who wouldn’t want an adorable cuddle to pass the newfound time at home?
That’s where a pandemic puppy can come into the picture. Today I will share a complete look at the cost of adopting my pandemic pup, so you can know what you’re getting into.
What’s Ahead:
Why I adopted a pandemic puppy
I’ve been dreaming of adopting a puppy since I got to college. I grew up with a wonderful dog and waited for the day that I could comfortably adopt a new puppy.
Over the years, I always had a responsible reason for why I couldn’t adopt a puppy at the moment. For years, my string of small apartments wouldn’t make a happy home for a puppy. Plus, I wanted to have some savings on hand for the inevitable expenses the responsibility of a dog would bring, like unexpected vet visits. Little did I know, I could save on some of these expenses by purchasing a pet insurance policy through an insurer like Embrace. However, without that knowledge, I continued to put off my desire to bring a puppy into my life.
In January, my husband and I started to seriously consider bringing a puppy home. We were finally living in a space with a fenced backyard and plenty of nearby hiking trails for an active pup. We even applied to adopt a handful of puppies, but the timing never worked out for us.
In mid-March, my husband and I were looking forward to a busy spring. I had several fun trips mapped out until the COVID-19 pandemic through our plans for a loop. As things started to settle into an isolating routine, my husband transitioned to working from home. At that point, we decided that we were truly ready to bring home a puppy with both of us available at the house.
When we spotted our pandemic puppy on a rural shelter page in mid-March, we hopped in the car and drove the hour to meet him. Immediately we fell in love and put down a deposit to secure his adoption for the next week. We were able to bring him home at the end of March when he turned eight weeks old.
Pongo has been our fun-loving pup ever since!
The cost breakdown
Pongo was an adorable eight-week-old puppy that quickly grew into a 40-pound bundle of joy. Along the way, he has turned out to be a rather expensive pandemic purchase.
I will take more in-depth about this below, but one way to save a ton on puppy costs is through pet insurance. Pumpkin is one of the best options on the market, with an affordable preventive care option.
Bringing him home
The first major expense of owning a pet is bringing them home. For Pongo, those costs added up quickly.
$50 deposit to secure his adoption. We paid this fee a week before he was available for adoption to ensure that he was coming home with us.
$150 adoption fee. The adoption fee covered his neuter surgery and other medical treatments that the shelter provided. When Pongo was found at the shelter, he and his brother were in fairly bad shape. Both had significant skin issues which needed extensive treatment. Luckily, the shelter quickly restored his skin to a better condition and continued the treatments after we brought him home.
$210 rental pet fee. When we first got Pongo, we were living in a rented duplex. The landlords graciously allowed us to bring Pongo home. But we had to pay a $210 non-refundable pet fee.
The first part of the adoption journey was several hundred dollars. But that was just the beginning!
Vet bills
When you bring home a young puppy, you should expect to pay for a wide range of vaccinations. We brought Pongo home as an eight-week puppy with some severe skin issues. With that, our vet bills were a little bit higher than the norm.
$189.96 – First vet visit and a handful of shots.
$87.04 –A booster shot visit.
$205.8 –More shots and skin check-up.
$67.27 –Another booster shot visit.
$79.33 –A microchip visit with another vaccine.
The veterinary costs can add up quickly. But after this last visit to the vet, Pongo should be okay until his annual appointment in March.
Other costs
Beyond the initial costs of bringing him home and the vet bills, extra expenses needed to be considered. I’ll break them down now:
$98.17 – The first of many Amazon orders to make our home comfortable for Pongo. This included buying a crate to grow into, potty training pads, teething rings, and other toys.
$6.25 – A quick trip to the hardware store by my house that sells dog toys and bones.
$12.68 –Another Amazon purchase to stock up on toys – because Pongo rips through toys very quickly.
$58.01 –A Petsmart run for food and other supplies.
$10.57 –More toys from Ace Hardware.
$280 – We set up a subscription for Pongo’s food from Amazon. With that, we are able to save 5% on his food, but it still adds up.
$50 – Walmart Pet Rx purchase for his first round of heartworm medication.
$75 –A Chewy delivery of Pongo’s six month supply of preventative medications.
$275 –The combined total of boarding costs for Pongo on three separate occasions.
As you can see, the extra costs of a puppy can get expensive.
The total cost of adopting my pandemic puppy
Although we look for opportunities to save where we can, the cost of owning a pet is just expensive. What isn’t included in these expenses are the sleepless nights of puppy potty training and adorable puppy cuddles that make it all worth it.
In total, the cost of adopting our pandemic puppy is $1,904.51. So far, we’ve spent close to $2,000 on Pongo. But I’m optimistic that the upfront veterinary costs of adopting a puppy with a few skin issues will not continue to be a major factor.
Overall, we were very happy to bring Pongo into our lives. He has been worth every penny!
Where I could have saved more
Of course, there are always ways to save more. What I didn’t look into when I first brought Pongo home was pet insurance. I think that I seriously missed out on an opportunity to save on vet bills. With that, you may want to look into your pet insurance options if you are considering adopting a pet. Here is a bit more about Embrace.
Lemonade
Lemonade is a great pet insurance option. They’re quickly disrupting the industry with their low-cost plans that start as low as $10/month (and a 10% discount if you also insure your home or car through Lemonade). But, you can decide the deductible amount and coverage limit you want to set for yourself.
When it comes to what they cover, the answer is pretty much up to you. If you’re looking for basic wellness care and vaccine coverage, Lemonade has a plan for you. But, they’re also perfect for those looking to protect their pet in the event of an accident or illness. They’ll cover heartworm testing, fecal testing, bloodwork, emergency surgeries, x-rays, labwork, medications, and more.
Plus, an especially wonderful feature of Lemonade is that they offer expert medical advice via their chat feature. That way, you don’t have to call up the vet for every little question.
Pumpkin
Pumpkin is another pet insurance provider that offers an insurance plan designed to prioritize the wellness of your pet. Pumpkin offers insurance that covers a high percentage of eligible veterinary expenses for accidents and illnesses. Pumpkin also offers an optional preventative care plan – Pumpkin Preventive Essentials – which pays for an annual wellness exam, vaccines, and select lab tests to detect parasites & life-threatening diseases.
Here’s how Pumpkin works: when your dog is sick, you can take them to any licensed veterinarian in the U.S. or Canada for treatment. You pay the vet and then afterward, file a claim for the eligible veterinary expenses to be reimbursed after your annual deductible has been met.
In terms of annual limit options with Pumpkin, every family is offered a 90% reimbursement rate on eligible vet bills, up to an annual coverage limit of $10k or $20k for dogs and $7k or $15k for cats.
Embrace
Embrace offers pet insurance policies that you can customize to your coverage needs. You’ll be able to adjust the monthly premiums and annual payout limits to suit your budget.
In addition to the flexible coverage, you can choose to take part in a Wellness plan. A Wellness plan will reward you for taking care of your pet’s needs on a regular basis. Essentially, you’ll be rewarded if you are taking care of your pet responsibly.
Summary
The costs of a pandemic puppy can add up quickly. But if you are prepared for that financial responsibility, then the costs pale in comparison to the fun of bringing home a puppy. Even as the chaos of the pandemic swirls around us, Pongo has been an amazing blessing in our lives.
If you are considering bringing a puppy home, I’d encourage you to think about the costs ahead of time. When you have the costs of a puppy factored into your budget, you can enjoy the experience of adopting a puppy to the fullest!
Pumpkin Advertiser Disclosure: Pumpkin Pet Insurance policies do not cover pre-existing conditions. Waiting periods, annual deductible, co-insurance, benefit limits and exclusions may apply. For full terms, visit pumpkin.care/insurancepolicy. Products, discounts, and rates may vary and are subject to change. Pumpkin Insurance Services Inc. (“Pumpkin”) (NPN #19084749) is a licensed insurance agency, not an insurer. Insurance is underwritten by United States Fire Insurance Company (NAIC #21113, Morristown, NJ), a Crum & Forster Company and produced by Pumpkin. Pumpkin Preventive Essentials is not an insurance policy. It is offered as an optional add-on non-insurance benefit. Pumpkin is responsible for the product and administration. Pumpkin Preventive Essentials is not available in all states. For full terms, visit pumpkin.care/customeragreement.
Over the past few weeks, I’ve received several questions about money merge accounts (sometimes called “Australian mortgages”). I haven’t paid much attention to these because I’m unfamiliar the products. But when Abbie wrote last week, I decided to do some research. Here’s what she said:
My financial guy handed me a DVD for United First Financial the last time I spoke with him. Apparently they are a company that uses “sophisticated algorithms” to compute how to best pay down a mortgage using a HELOC and a Money Merge Account, with the end result being that the mortgage is paid off in fewer than 30 years. (Their preferred statistic seems to be 11 years.)
I’m new to the whole homeowner thing, and know there are differing opinions regarding paying off a mortgage early, but was wondering if you’re familiar with this system. I’d appreciate any information or opinion you have regarding money merge accounts or UFF; a bit of web research comes up with inflammatory chats and the company’s own claims, but nothing from a reliable third party.
I spent three hours researching money merge accounts, and was unable to find any better information than Abbie did. From what I can gather, here’s how they work:
The homeowner sets up a home-equity line of credit (HELOC), borrowing against the value of his property.
Some large sum is withdrawn from the HELOC and used to pay down the primary mortgage.
The homeowner does not deposit his paychecks, etc. into a traditional savings account, but applies them to pay down the HELOC.
From time-to-time, another large chunk of money is taken out of the HELOC and applied to the primary mortgage.
In case of emergency, the homeowner takes more money out of the HELOC.
Though the HELOC will likely have a higher interest rate than the primary mortgage, it’s actually cheaper to maintain because of the way the interest is calculated.
In the case of United First Financial, all of the timing for these actions is prompted by proprietary software, for which the homeowner pays a one-time fee of $3500. These prompts are not mandatory, but if they’re not followed, it defeats the purpose of the program.
The consensus on the web seems to be: yes, these programs can help you pay down your mortgage quickly; however, they don’t do anything that you could not do yourself for free. The expense might be worthwhile if:
You want to pay off your mortgage.
You don’t believe you’ll have the discipline to pay down your mortgage on your own.
You do not intend to move — you believe you’ll be in your current house for many years.
But most people with the financial resources to accelerate mortgage payments are able to do so without the assistance of a third party. The easiest (and most flexible) mortgage acceleration program is the one you control yourself: simply send extra money to your bank on a regular basis (being sure to note that the extra ought to be applied to principal). You’ll save nearly as much as you would with a money merge account. (Proponents of MMAs admit this!) If you find after a couple years that you lack the discipline to do this on your own, then you might seek a reputable source for a money merge account.
You can read other discussions of money merge accounts at these sites:
Before you begin a mortgage repayment program of any kind, be certain that you understand the consequences. Accelerating your mortgage payments may provide psychological comfort, but there may be smarter financial choices. Last year the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago released a study [PDF] that found:
About 38% of U.S. households that are accelerating their mortgage payments instead of saving in tax-deferred accounts are making the wrong choice. For these households, reallocating their savings can yield a mean benefit of 11 to 17 cents per dollar.
All of this discussion about money merge accounts is just theory. I’d love to hear from somebody who has first-hand experience with them. Do you love the idea? Hate it? Do you think it’s worth the cost? Let us know!
Note: Just as I was finishing this post, I recieved another e-mail about money merge accounts. They seem to have reached some sort of critical mass.
The Jefferson Avenue commercial district in Buffalo, New York, is anchored by a supermarket.
There are dozens of other businesses and services along the 12-block corridor — a couple of bank branches, a library, a coffee shop, gas stations, a small plaza with a dollar store and a primary care clinic and a business incubator for entrepreneurs of color.
But Tops Friendly Markets, the only grocery store on Buffalo’s vast East Side, is the center of activity. More than just a place to buy food, pick up medications and use an ATM, the store is a communal gathering space in a predominantly Black neighborhood that, for generations, has been segregated, isolated and disenfranchised from the wealthier — and whiter — parts of the city.
Which explains how it came to be the site of a mass shooting on a spring day in May of last year. On that Saturday, a gunman, who lived 200 miles away in another part of the state, drove to Jefferson Avenue and went into Tops, and in just a few minutes killed 10 people, injured three and inflicted mass trauma across the community.
It is a scenario that has sadly, and repeatedly, played out in other parts of the country that have experienced mass shootings. But this one came with a twist: The gunman’s intention was to kill as many Black people as possible.
To achieve that, he specifically targeted a ZIP code with one of the highest percentages of Black residents in New York state. All 10 who died that day were Black.
“The mere fact that someone can research, ‘Where will the greatest number of Black people be … on a Saturday morning,’ that’s not by chance,” said Franchelle Parker, a community organizer and executive director of Open Buffalo, a nonprofit focused on racial, economic and ecological justice. “That’s not a mistake. It’s a community that’s been deeply segregated for decades.”
The day of the shooting, Parker, who grew up in nearby Niagara Falls, was driving to Tops, where she planned to buy a donut and an unsweetened iced tea before heading into the Open Buffalo office, which is located a block away from Tops. The mother of two had intended to complete the mundane task of cleaning up her desk — “old coffee cups and stuff” — after a busy week.
She saw the news on Twitter and didn’t know if she should keep driving to Jefferson Avenue or turn around and go back home. She eventually picked the latter.
When she showed up the next day, there were thousands of people grieving in the streets. “The only way that I could explain my feeling, it was almost like watching an old war movie when a bomb had gone off and someone’s in, like, shell shock. That’s how it felt,” said Parker, vividly recounting the community’s collective trauma in a meeting room tucked inside of Open Buffalo’s second-story office on Jefferson Avenue.
Almost immediately following the May 14, 2022, massacre, which was the second-deadliest mass shooting in the United States last year, conversations locally and nationally turned to the harsh realities of the East Side and how long-standing factors that affect the daily life of residents — racism, poverty and inequity — made the community an ideal target for a white supremacist.
Now, more than a year after the tragedy, there is growing concern that not enough is being done fast enough to begin to dismantle those factors. And amid those conversations, there are mounting calls for the banking industry — whose historical policies and practices helped cement the racial segregation and disinvestment that ultimately shaped the East Side — to leverage its collective power and influence to band together in an effort to create systemic change.
The ideas about how banks should support the East Side and better embed themselves in the neighborhood vary by people and organizations. But the basic argument is the same: Banks, in their role as financiers and because of the industry’s history of lending discrimination, are obligated to bring forth economic prosperity in disinvested communities like the East Side.
I know banks are often looked upon sort of like a panacea, but I don’t particularly see it that way. I think others have a role to play in all of this.
Chiwuike Owunwanne, corporate responsibility officer at KeyBank
“Banks have been very good at providing charitable contributions to the Black community. They get an ‘A’ for that,” said The Rev. George Nicholas, an East Side pastor who is also CEO of the Buffalo Center for Health Equity, a four-year-old enterprise focused on racial, geographic and economic health disparities. “But doing the things that banks can do in terms of being a catalyst for revitalization and investment in this community, they have not done that.”
To be sure, banks’ ability to reverse the course of the community isn’t guaranteed — and there is no formula to determine how much accountability they should hold to fix deeply entrenched problems like racism. Several Buffalo-area bankers said that while the Tops shooting heightened the urgency to help the East Side, the industry itself cannot be the sole driver of change.
“There are a lot of institutions … that can certainly play a part in reversing the challenges that we see today,” said Chiwuike “Chi-Chi” Owunwanne, a corporate responsibility officer at KeyBank, the second-largest bank by deposits in Buffalo. “I know banks are often looked upon sort of like a panacea, but I don’t particularly see it that way. I think others have a role to play in all of this.”
A long history of segregation
How the East Side — and the Tops store on Jefferson Avenue — became the destination for a racially motivated mass murderer is a story about racism, segregation and disinvestment.
Even as it bears the nickname “the city of good neighbors,” Buffalo has long been one of the most racially segregated cities in the United States. Of the 114,965 residents who live on the East Side, 59% are Black, according to data from the 2021 U.S. Census American Community Survey. The percentage is even higher in the 14208 ZIP code, where the Tops store is located. In that ZIP code, among 11,029 total residents, nearly 76% are Black, the census data shows.
The city’s path toward racial segregation started in the early 20th century when a small number of job-seeking Black Americans migrated north to Buffalo, a former steel and auto manufacturing hub at the far northwestern end of New York state. Initially, they moved into the same neighborhoods as many of the city’s poorer immigrants and lived just east of what is today the city’s downtown district. As the number of Blacks arriving in Buffalo swelled in the 1940s, they were increasingly confronted with various housing challenges, including racist zoning laws and restrictive deed covenants that kept them from buying homes in more affluent white areas.
Black Buffalonians also faced housing discrimination in the form of redlining, the practice of restricting the flow of capital into minority communities. In 1933, as the Great Depression roiled the economy, a temporary federal agency known as the Home Owners’ Loan Corporation used government bonds to buy out and refinance mortgages of properties that were facing or already in foreclosure. The point was to try to stabilize the nation’s real estate market.
As part of its program, HOLC created maps of American cities, including Buffalo, that used a color coding scheme — green, blue, yellow and red — to convey the perceived riskiness of making loans in certain neighborhoods. Green was considered minimally risky; other areas that were largely populated by immigrant, Black or Latino residents were labeled red and thus determined to be “hazardous.”
“The goal was to free up mortgage capital by going to cities and giving banks a way to unload mortgages, so they could turn around and make more mortgage loans,” said Jason Richardson, senior director of research at the National Community Reinvestment Coalition, an association of more than 750 community-based organizations that advocates for fair lending. “It was kind of a radical concept and it has evolved over the decades into our modern mortgage finance system.”
The Federal Housing Administration, which was established as a permanent agency in 1934, used similar methods to map urban areas and labeled neighborhoods from “A” to “D,” with “A” considered to be the most financially stable and “D” considered the least. Neighborhoods that were largely Black, even relatively stable ones, were put in the “D” category.
The result was that banks, which wanted to be able to sell mortgage loans to the FHA, were largely dissuaded from making loans in “risky” areas. And Buffalo’s East Side, where the majority of Blacks were settling, was deemed risky. Unable to get loans, Blacks couldn’t buy homes, start businesses or build equity. At the same time, large industrial factories on the East Side were closing or moving away, limiting job opportunities and contributing to rising poverty levels.
“Today what we’re left with is the residue of this process where we’ve enshrined … a pattern of economic segregation that favors neighborhoods that had fewer Black people in them and generally ignores neighborhoods that had African Americans living in them,” Richardson said.
Case in point: Research by the National Community Reinvestment Coalition shows that three-quarters of neighborhoods that were once redlined are low- to moderate-income neighborhoods today, and two-thirds of them are majority minority communities.
Adding to the division between Blacks and whites in Buffalo was the construction of a highway called the Kensington Expressway. Built during the 1960s, the below-grade, limited-access highway proved to be a speedy way for suburban workers to get to their downtown jobs. But its construction cut off the already-segregated East Side even more from other parts of the city, displacing residents, devaluing houses and destroying neighborhoods and small businesses.
As a result of those factors and more, many Black residents have become “trapped” on the East Side, according to Dr. Henry Louis Taylor Jr., a professor of urban and regional planning at the University at Buffalo. In 1987, Taylor founded the UB Center for Urban Studies, a research, neighborhood planning and community development institute that works on eliminating inequality in cities and metropolitan regions. In September 2021, eight months before the Tops shooting, the Center for Urban Studies published a report that compared the state of Black Buffalo in 1990 to present-day conditions. The conclusion: Nothing had changed for Blacks over 31 years.
As of 2019, the Black unemployment rate was 11%, the average household income was $42,000 and about 35% of Blacks had incomes that fell below the poverty line, the report said. It also noted that just 32% of Blacks own their homes and that most Blacks in the area live on the East Side.
“Those figures remain virtually unchanged while the actual, physical conditions that existed inside of the community worsened,” Taylor told American Banker in an interview in his sun-filled office at the center, located on the University at Buffalo’s city campus. “When we looked upstream to see what was causing it, it was clear: It was systemic, structural racism.”
Banks’ moral obligations
As the East Side struggled over the decades with rampant poverty, dilapidated housing, vacant lots and disintegrating infrastructure, banks kept a physical presence in the community, albeit a shrinking one. In mid-2000, there were at least 20 bank branches scattered across the East Side, but by mid-2022, the number had fallen to around 14, according to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.’s deposit market share data. The 14 include four new branches that have opened since early 2019 — Northwest Bank, KeyBank, Evans Bank and BankOnBuffalo.
The first two branches, operated by Northwest in Columbus, Ohio, and KeyBank, the banking subsidiary of KeyCorp in Cleveland, were requirements of community benefits agreements negotiated between each bank and the National Community Reinvestment Coalition. In both cases, Northwest and KeyBank agreed to open an office in an underserved community.
Evans Bank opened its first East Side branch in the fall of 2021. The office is located in the basement of an $84 million affordable senior housing building that was financed by Evans, a $2.1 billion-asset community bank headquartered south of Buffalo in Angola, New York.
Banks have been very good at providing charitable contributions to the Black community. They get an ‘A’ for that. But doing the things that banks can do in terms of being a catalyst for revitalization and investment in this community, they have not done that.
The Rev. George Nicholas, an East Side pastor who is also CEO of the Buffalo Center for Health Equity
On the community and economic development front, banks have had varying levels of participation. Buffalo-based M&T Bank, which holds a whopping 64% of all deposits in the Buffalo market and is one of the largest private employers in the region, has made consistent investments in the East Side by supporting Westminster Community Charter School, a kindergarten through eighth-grade school, and the Buffalo Promise Neighborhood, a nonprofit organization focused on improving access to education in the city’s 14215 ZIP code.
Currently, Buffalo Promise Neighborhood operates four schools. In addition to Westminster, it runs Highgate Heights Elementary, also K-8, as well as two academies that serve children ages six weeks through pre-kindergarten. Twelve M&T employees are dedicated to the program, according to the Buffalo Promise Neighborhood website. The bank has invested $31.5 million into the program since its 2010 launch, a spokesperson said.
Other banks are making contributions in other ways. In addition to the Jefferson Avenue branch and as part of its community benefits plan, Northwest Bank, a $14.2 billion-asset bank, supports a financial education center through a partnership with Belmont Housing Resources of Western New York. Meanwhile, the $198 billion-asset KeyBank gave $30 million for bridge and construction financing for Northland Workforce Training Center, a $100 million redevelopment project at a former manufacturing complex on the East Side that was partially funded by the state.
BankOnBuffalo’s East Side branch is located inside the center, which offers KeyBank training in advanced manufacturing and clean energy technology careers. A subsidiary of $5.6 billion-asset CNB Financial in Clearfield, Pennsylvania, BankOnBuffalo’s office opened a month after the shooting. The timing was coincidental, but important, said Michael Noah, president of BankOnBuffalo.
“I think it just cemented the point that this is a place we need to be, to be able to be part of these communities and this community specifically, and be able to build this community up,” Noah said.
In terms of public-private collaboration, some banks have been involved in a deeper way. In 2019, New York state, which had already been pouring $1 billion into Buffalo to help revitalize the economy, announced a $65 million economic development fund for the East Side. The initiative is focused on stabilizing neighborhoods, increasing homeownership, redeveloping commercial corridors including Jefferson Avenue, improving historical assets, expanding workforce training and development and supporting small businesses and entrepreneurship.
In conjunction with the funding, a public-private partnership called East Side Avenues was created to provide capital and organizational support to the projects happening along four East Side commercial corridors. Six banks — Charlotte, North Carolina-based Bank of America, the second-largest bank in the nation with $2.5 trillion of assets; M&T, which has $203 billion of assets; KeyBank; Warsaw, New York-based Five Star Bank, which has about $6 billion of assets; Northwest and Evans — are among the 14 private and philanthropic organizations that pledged a combined $8.4 million to pay for five years’ worth of operational support, governance and finance, fundraising and technical assistance to support the nonprofits doing the work.
Laura Quebral, director of the University at Buffalo Regional Institute, which is managing East Side Avenues, said the banks were the first corporations to step up to the request for help, and since then have provided loans and other products and education to keep the program moving.
Their participation “is a signal to the community that banks cared and were invested and were willing to collaborate around something,” Quebral said. “Being at the table was so meaningful.”
Richard Hamister is Northwest’s New York regional president and former co-chair of East Side Avenues. Hamister, who is based in Buffalo, said banks are a “community asset” that have a responsibility to lift up all communities, including those where conditions have arisen that allow it to be a target of racism like the East Side.
“We operate under federal charters, so we have an obligation to the community to not only provide products and services they need but also support when you go through a tragedy like that,” Hamister said. “We also have a moral obligation to try to help when things are broken … and to do what we can. We can’t fix everything, but we’ve got to fix our piece and try to help where we can.”
In the wake of a tragedy
After the massacre, there was a flurry of activity within banks and other organizations, local and out-of-town, to respond to the immediate needs of East Side residents. With the community’s only supermarket closed indefinitely, much of the response centered around food collection and distribution. Three of M&T’s five East Side branches, including the Jefferson Avenue branch across the street from Tops, became food distribution sites for weeks after the shooting. On two consecutive Fridays, Northwest provided around 200 free lunches to the community, using a neighborhood caterer who is also the bank’s customer. And BankOnBuffalo collected employee donations that amounted to more than 20 boxes of toiletries and other items that were distributed to a nonprofit.
At the same time, M&T, KeyBank and other banks began financial donations to organizations that could support the immediate needs of the community. KeyBank provided a van that delivered food and took people to nearby grocery stores. Providence, Rhode Island-based Citizens Financial Group, whose ATM inside Tops was inaccessible during the store’s temporary closure, installed a fee-free ATM near a community center located about a half-mile north of Tops, and later put a permanent ATM inside the center that remains there today. And M&T rolled out a short-term loan program to provide capital to East Side small-business owners.
One of the funds that benefited from banks’ support was the Buffalo Together Community Response Fund, which has raised $6.2 million to address the long-term needs of the East Side.
Bank of America and Evans Bank each donated $100,000 to the fund, whose list of major sponsors includes four other banks — JPMorgan Chase, Citigroup, M&T and KeyBank. Thomas Beauford Jr., a former banker who is co-chair of the response fund, said banks, by and large, directed their resources into organizations where the dollars would have an immediate impact.
“Banks said, ‘Hey, you know … it doesn’t make sense for us to try to build something right now. … We will fund you in the work you’re doing,'” said Beauford, who has been president and CEO of the Buffalo Urban League since the fall of 2020. “I would say banks showed up in a big way.”
Fourteen months later, banks say they are committed to playing a positive role on the East Side. For the second year, KeyBank is sponsoring a farmers’ market on the East Side, an attempt to help fill the food desert in the community. Last fall, BankOnBuffalo launched a mobile “bank on wheels” truck that’s stationed on the East Side every Wednesday. The 34-foot-long truck, which is staffed by two people and includes an ATM and a printer to make debit cards, was in the works before the shooting, and will eventually make four stops per week around the Buffalo area.
Evans has partnered with the city of Buffalo to construct seven market-rate single family homes on vacant lots on the East Side. The relationship with the city is an example of how banks can pair up with other entities to create something meaningful and lasting, more than they might be able to do on their own, said Evans President and CEO David Nasca.
The bank has “picked areas” where it can use its resources to make a difference, Nasca said.
“I don’t think the root causes can be ameliorated” by banks alone, he said. “We can’t just grant money. It has to be within our construct of a financial institution that invests and supports the public-private partnership. … All the oars [need to be] pulling together or this doesn’t work.”
‘Little or no engagement with minorities’
All of these efforts are, of course, welcomed by the community, but there is still criticism that banks haven’t done enough to make up for their past contributions to segregating the city. And perhaps more importantly, some of that criticism centers on banks failing to do their most basic function in society — provide credit.
In 2021, the New York State Department of Financial Services issued a report about redlining in Buffalo. The regulator looked at banks and nonbank lenders and found that loans made to minorities in the Buffalo metro area made up 9.74% of total loans in Buffalo. Overall, Black residents comprise about 33% of Buffalo’s total population of more than 276,000, census data shows.
The department said its investigation showed the lower percentage was not due to “excessive denials of loan applications based on race or ethnicity,” but rather that “these companies had little or no engagement with minorities and generally made scant effort to do so.”
“The unsurprising result of this has been that few minority customers or individuals seeking homes in majority-minority neighborhoods have made loan applications … in the first instance.”
Furthermore, accusations of redlining persist today, even though the practice of discriminating in housing based on race was outlawed by the Fair Housing Act of 1968.
In 2014, Evans was accused of redlining by the New York State Attorney General, which said the community bank was specifically avoiding making mortgage loans on the East Side. The bank, which at the time had $874 million of assets, agreed to pay $825,000 to settle the case, but Nasca maintains that the charges were unfounded. He points to the fact that the bank never had a fair lending or fair housing violation, no specific incidents were ever claimed and that the bank’s Community Reinvestment Act exam never found evidence of discriminatory or illegal credit practices.
The bank has a greater presence on the East Side today, but that’s because it has grown in size, not because it is trying to make up for previous accusations of redlining, he said.
“Ten years ago, our involvement [on the East Side] certainly wasn’t what you’re seeing today,” Nasca said. “We were looking to participate more, but we were participating within our means and our reach. As we have grown, we have built more resources to be able to do more.”
Shortly after accusations were made against Evans, Five Star Bank, the banking arm of Financial Institutions in Warsaw, New York, was also accused of redlining by the state Attorney General. Five Star, which has been growing its presence in the Buffalo market for several years, wound up settling the charges for $900,000 and agreeing to open two branches in the city of Rochester.
KeyBank is currently being accused of redlining by the National Community Reinvestment Coalition. In a 2022 report, the group said that KeyBank is engaging in systemic redlining by making very few home purchase loans in certain neighborhoods where the majority of residents are Black. Buffalo is one of several cities where the bank’s mortgage lending “effectively wall[ed] out Black neighborhoods,” especially parts of the East Side, the report said.
KeyBank denied the allegations. In March, the coalition asked regulators to investigate the bank’s mortgage lending practices.
Beyond providing more credit, some community members believe that banks should be playing a larger role in addressing other needs on the East Side. And the list of needs runs the gamut from more grocery stores to safe, affordable housing to infrastructure improvements such as street and sidewalk repairs.
Alexander Wright is founder of the African Heritage Food Co-op, an initiative launched in 2016 to address the dearth of grocery store options on the East Side, where he grew up. Wright said that while banks’ philanthropic efforts are important, banks in general “need to be in a place of remediation” to fix underlying issues that the industry, as a whole, helped create. (After publication of this story, Wright left his job as CEO of the African Heritage Food Co-Op.)
Aside from charitable donations, banks should be finding more ways to work directly with East Side business owners and entrepreneurs, helping them with capital-building support along the way, Wright said. One place to start would be technical assistance by way of bank volunteers.
“Banks are always looking to volunteer. ‘Hey, want to come out and paint a fence? Want to come out and do a garden?'” Wright said. “No. Come out here and help Keshia with bookkeeping. Come out here and do QuickBooks classes for folks. Bring out tax experts. Because these are things that befuddle a lot of small businesses. Who is your marketing person? Bring that person out here. Because those are the things that are going to build the business to self-sufficiency.
“Anything short of the capacity-building … that will allow folks to rise to the occasion and be self-sufficient I think is almost a waste,” Wright added. “We don’t need them to lead the plan. What we need them to do is be in the community and [be] hearing the plan and supporting it.”
Parker, of Open Buffalo, has similar thoughts about the role that banks should play. One day, soon after the massacre, an ATM appeared down the street from Tops, next to the library that sits across the street from Parker’s office. Soon after the ATM was installed, Parker began fielding questions from area residents who were skeptical of the machine and wanted to know if it was legitimate. But Parker didn’t have any information to share with them. “There was no outreach. There was no community engagement. So I’m like, ‘Let me investigate,'” she said. “I think that’s a symptom of how investment is done in Black communities, even though it may be well-intentioned.”
As it turns out, the temporary ATM belonged to JPMorgan Chase. The megabank has had a commercial banking presence in Buffalo for years, but it didn’t operate a retail branch in the region until last year. Today it has four branches in operation and plans to open another two by the end of the year, a spokesperson said.
After the Tops shooting, the governor’s office reached out to Chase asking if the bank could help in some way, the spokesperson said in response to the skepticism. The spokesperson said that while the Chase retail brand is new to the Buffalo region, the company has been active in the market for decades by way of commercial banking, private banking, credit card lending, home lending and other businesses.
In addition to the ATM, the bank provided funding to local organizations including FeedMore Western New York, which distributes food throughout the region.
“We are committed to continuing our support for Buffalo and helping the community increase access to opportunities that build wealth and economic empowerment,” the spokesperson said in an email.
In the year since the massacre, there has been some progress by banks in terms of their interest in listening to the East Side community and learning about its needs, said Nicholas. But he hasn’t felt an air of urgency from the banking community to tackle the issues right now.
“I do experience banks being a little more open to figuring out what their role is, but it’s slow. It’s slow,” said Nicholas. The senior pastor of the Lincoln Memorial United Methodist Church, located about a mile north from Tops, Nicholas is part of a 13-member local advisory committee for the New York arm of Local Initiatives Support Coalition, or LISC. The group is focused on mobilizing resources, including banks, to address affordable housing in Western New York, specifically in the inner city, as well as training minority developers and connecting them to potential investors, Nicholas said.
Of the 13 members, seven are from banks — one each from M&T, Bank of America, BankOnBuffalo, Evans and KeyBank, and two members from Citizens Financial Group. One of the priorities of LISC NY is health equity, and the fact that banks are becoming more engaged in looking at health disparities is promising, Nicholas said. Still, they have more work to do, he said.
“I need them to think more on how to strengthen and build the economy on the East Side and provide leadership around that, not only to provide charitable things, but using sound business and banking and community development principles to say, ‘OK, if we’re going to invest in this community, these are the types of things that need to happen in this community,’ and then encourage their partners and other people they work with … to come fully in on the East Side.”
Some bankers agree with the community activists.
“Putting a branch in is great. Having a bank on wheels is great,” said Noah of BankOnBuffalo. “But if you’re not embedded in the community, listening to the community and trying to improve it, you’re not creating that wealth and creating a better lifestyle for everyone.”
What could make a substantial difference in terms of banks’ impact on the community is a combination of collaboration and leadership, said Taylor. He supports the idea of banks leading the charge on the creation of a comprehensive redevelopment and reinvestment plan for the East Side, and then investing accordingly and collaboratively through their charitable foundations.
“All of them have these foundations,” Taylor said. “You can either spend that money in a strategic and intentional way designed to develop a community for the existing population, or you can spend that money alone in piecemeal, siloed, sectorial fashion that will look good on an annual report, but won’t generate transformational and generational changes inside a community.”
Banks might be incentivized to work together because it could mean two things for them, according to Taylor: First, they’d have an opportunity to spend money in a way that would have maximum impact on the East Side, and second, if done right, the city and the banks could become a model of the way to create high levels of diversity, equity and inclusion in an urban area.
“If you prove how to do that, all that does is open up other markets of consumption all over the country because people want to figure out how to do that same thing,” Taylor said.
Some of that is already happening, at least on a bank-by-bank case, said KeyBank’s Owunwanne. Through the KeyBank Foundation, the company is able to leverage different relationships that connect nonprofits to other entities and corporations that can provide help.
“I see this as an opportunity for us to make not just incremental changes, but monumental changes … as part of a larger group,” Owunwanne said “Again, I say that not to absolve the bank of any responsibility, but just as a larger group.”
Downstairs from Parker’s office, Golden Cup Coffee, a roastery and cafe run by a husband and wife team, and some other Jefferson Avenue businesses are trying to build up a business association for existing and potential Jefferson-area businesses. Parker imagined what the group could accomplish if one of the banks could provide someone on a part-time basis to facilitate conversations, provide administrative support and coordinate marketing efforts.
“In the grand scheme of things, when we’re talking about a multimillion dollar [bank], a part-time employee specifically dedicated to relationship-building and building out coalitions, it sounds like a small thing,” Parker said. “But that’s transformational.”
A “share certificate” is the credit union equivalent of a bank certificate of deposit (CD).
Share certificates have a fixed annual percentage yield (APY) for a fixed period.
Share certificates can offer better rates than “share accounts,” which correspond with bank savings accounts.
A share certificate can be a good option for earning interest on cash you’ll want to use in the future.
Share certificates: Credit union version of CDs
A share certificate is a type of savings account with a fixed APY for a fixed period. Credit unions offer share certificates. They’re equivalent to certificates of deposit (CDs), which you can get at banks. Think of a share certificate as a credit union CD.
Share certificates vs. share accounts
While share certificates are equivalent to CDs, share accounts at a credit union are similar to savings accounts at a bank. Here are some critical differences between share certificates and share accounts:
Higher APYs. Share certificates usually offer a higher APY than share accounts, but a share certificate requires that you keep your money in the account for the entire period you selected.
Fixed APYs. For that period, your share certificate will earn a fixed APY. On the other hand, the APY of a share account can change from time to time, so the rate of earnings (called “dividends”) you get can change.
No access to funds. If you withdraw your money from a share certificate before the end of its fixed term, you may have to pay a penalty fee. With a share account, you can add or withdraw funds when you need.
Why do credit unions call it a share certificate?
Credit unions use the term “share” because members (that is, depositors) at a credit union are part owners of the institution. Just as stockholders have a share of stock in a company, credit union members have share accounts or share certificates in a credit union. Your earnings from a share certificate are called “dividends,” equivalent to “interest” earned from a bank.
In the context of investing, a share certificate is a legal document that proves you own some stock (that is, a share of ownership) of a company. The company issues it to the shareholder; a “share certificate” is synonymous with a “stock certificate” in investing terms.
How do share certificates work?
A share certificate works this way: You choose a term (length of time) to open and deposit money into the account. Sometimes a minimum opening deposit is required.
Once you’ve deposited funds and the term begins, you cannot add or withdraw any funds until the term has ended (or “matured”). You may have to pay a penalty if you withdraw your money before the certificate term ends.
While your money is kept with the credit union, the credit union will pay you dividends. Dividends may be compounded daily or monthly (learn more about compound earnings).
When your share certificate matures at the end of the term, you can either roll your certificate funds into another share certificate (using the CD ladder strategy), transfer your money to a checking or share account, or withdraw your money.
Pharmacy school student loans are one way for potential pharmacists to subsidize some or all of the costs associated with attending pharmacy school.
There are several pros and cons to taking out a pharmacy school loan, from the opportunity to receive student loan forgiveness to potential fees for late payments or a drop in credit score.
Keep reading to learn how much it costs to attend pharmacy school, a few different ways to pay for it, what a pharmacy school loan covers, and the ins and outs of pharmacy school student loans.
Average Cost of Pharmacy School
The average cost of attending pharmacy school spans anywhere from $65,000 to $200,000.
It’s a wide range but, generally speaking, in-state, public schools are on the lower end of the scale, costing around $14,800 to $82,000 per year, while pharmacy programs at private institutions can run between $74,800 and $160,000.
Average Student Loan Debt Pharmacy School
The American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (AACP)’s 2021 survey of pharmacy school graduates found that about 85% of PharmD degree holders had to borrow money to get through school.
And the average student loan debt for pharmacy graduates, according to that same report, is $173,561.
There’s good news, though: The return on investment can be promising for pharmacists, whose median pay is around $128,710 per year, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
What Can You Use a Pharmacy School Student Loan on?
There are several ways a student loan can be used to cover the cost of a pharmacy school education:
Tuition
As evidenced above, tuition is one of the biggest pharmacy school expenses that can be covered by a pharmacy school student loan. Since it can cost upwards of $200,000 to complete a pharmacy program, student loans can be helpful in covering that cost.
Fees
The term “fees” can sound a little bit elusive, and you typically see it thrown alongside the word “tuition.” The fees associated with attending pharmacy college vary based on the type of program the student attends, how many credit hours the student completes, and whether or not they’re an in-state or out-of-state student. In some cases, a pharmacy school may charge “comprehensive fees” that cover tuition, fees and room and board.
Books and Supplies
Pharmacy school student loans can be used to pay for books, supplies and other education-related expenses. To acquire the funds for books and supplies, pharmacy school student loans are first applied to a student’s tuition, required fees, and room and board bills. Then, any remaining funds get refunded to the borrower, either in the form of a check or through direct deposit. From there, the money can be used to pay for books and supplies.
Recommended: How to Pay for College Textbooks
Living Costs
Room and board is another expense that can be paid for with pharmacy school loans. Students can use their borrowed funds to pay for student housing — whether that’s in a dorm room or an off-campus apartment with roommates.
Pharmacy School Student Loans: Pros & Cons
Pros of Using Pharmacy School Student Loans
Cons of Using Pharmacy School Student Loans
Help people pay for pharmacy school when they don’t otherwise have the financial resources to do so.
Can be expensive to repay.
Open up more possibilities for the type of pharmacy school a person can attend, regardless of the cost.
Can put borrowers into substantial amounts of debt.
Cover a wide range of expenses — from tuition and fees to school supplies, room and board.
Borrowers might have to forego other financial goals to pay off pharmacy school student loans.
Paying off pharmacy school student loans can help build credit.
Late payments or defaulting on a pharmacy school student loan can damage credit.
Pros of Using a Pharmacy School Student Loan
Using a pharmacy school loan comes with a few pros:
Student Loans for Pharmacy School Can Be Forgiven
In terms of pharmacists student loan forgiveness, there are several options for newly graduated pharmacists who need some help paying off their pharmacy school loans.
Typically, these forgiveness programs are available on a state or federal level.
A few different pharmacy student loan forgiveness options include:
• Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF)
• HRSA’s Faculty Loan Repayment Program
• National Institutes of Health Loan Repayment Programs
• Substance Use Disorder Workforce Loan Repayment Program
• State-based student loan forgiveness programs
Salary
As mentioned above, the median pay for a pharmacist is around $128,710 per year. For a pharmacy school graduate with student loan debt, this salary range could mean the difference between paying off loans and still having money left in the budget for living expenses, an emergency fund, and other types of savings.
Credit Score
Paying off pharmacy school student loans can be one way for a borrower to boost their credit score. When building credit history, making on-time payments is a prominent factor, which can potentially have a beneficial effect on a borrower’s credit score. Although their credit score could face a minor dip right after paying off the loan, it should subsequently level out and eventually rise.
Pharmacy school student loans appear as “installment loans” on a person’s credit report, which can diversify the types of credit they manage, thus potentially improving their “credit mix.” Which could also help enhance their credit score.
Cons of Using a Pharmacy School Student Loan
Pharmacy school student loans can also come with a few cons:
Debt
Since a pharmacy school loan is an installment loan, it’s considered a form of debt. As such, potential pharmacists are signing a long-term contract to repay a lender for the money they borrow. Should they find themselves on uneven financial ground, they may end up missing a payment or defaulting on the loan altogether, which could have a damaging effect on their credit report.
Late Payment Penalties
Many pharmacy school student loan lenders dole out fees for late payments. The terms of the loan are outlined by the lender before the borrower signs the agreement, but it’s important to read the fine print because loan servicers can charge a late payment penalty of up to 6% of the missed payment amount.
Interest Rates
Student loans for graduate and doctoral degrees like pharmacy school have some of the highest interest rates of any type of student loan.
Even federally subsidized Grad PLUS Loans have a fixed interest rate of 7.05% for the 2023-2024 school year, which could cause a pharmacy school student loan balance to climb high over time.
Recommended: Grad PLUS Loans, Explained
Average Interest Rates for Pharmacy School Student Loans
Pharmacy students have a variety of student loan options available to them. This table details the interest rate on different types of federal student loans that might be used to pay for a portion of pharmacy school.
Loan Type
Interest Rate for the 2023-2024 School Year
Direct Loans for Undergraduate Students
5.50%
Direct Loans for Graduate and Professional Students
7.05%
Direct PLUS Loans for Graduate Students
8.05%
Private student loans are another option that may help pharmacy students pay for their college education. The interest rates on private student loans are determined by the lender based on factors specific to the individual borrower, such as their credit and income history.
Paying for Pharmacy School
Before looking into an undergraduate student loan option or a graduate student loan option, potential pharmacists might be able to secure other sources of funding to help them pay for pharmacy school.
Scholarships
Scholarships are funds used to pay for undergraduate or graduate school that do not need to be repaid to the provider.
They can be awarded based on many different types of criteria, from grade point average (GPA) to athletic performance to acts of service, chosen field of study, and more. Scholarships might be offered by a college or university, organization, or institution.
For potential pharmacy school students, there are several available options for scholarships through their individual states and other providers. The American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (AACP) is a great resource for finding a pharmacy school scholarship.
Grants
Unlike scholarships or loans, grants are sources of financial aid from colleges, universities, state/federal government, and other private or nonprofit organizations that do not generally need to be repaid.
The AACP breaks down grants and awards for health profession students and government subsidized grants for pharmacy school students on their website.
Recommended: The Differences Between Grants, Scholarships, and Loans
State Pharmacy School Loans
Some potential pharmacists may be eligible to participate in a state student loan program. The cost of attending a state pharmacy school will vary depending on whether or not the student lives in the same state as the school, so researching the accredited pharmacy programs by state can help them determine how much they’ll need to borrow.
Federal Pharmacy School Loans
The U.S. Department of Education offers Direct Subsidized and Unsubsidized Loans to undergraduate and graduate pharmacy school students. The school will determine the loan type(s) and amount a pharmacy school student can receive each academic year, based on information provided by the student on the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA®) form.
PLUS Loans are another federal pharmacy school loan option, eligible to graduate or professional students through schools that participate in the federal Direct Loan Program.
Recommended: Types of Federal Student Loans
Private Pharmacy School Loans
A private student loan is another way for students to pay for pharmacy school. When comparing private student loans vs. federal student loans, it’s important to note that because private loans are not associated with the federal government, interest rates, repayment terms. Benefits also vary depending on the lender. For these reasons, private student loans are considered an option only after all other financing sources have been exhausted.
When applying for a private pharmacy school loan, a lender will usually review the borrower’s credit score and financial history, among other factors.
Private pharmacy school student loans can help bridge the gap between other payment options like the ones listed above, and give potential pharmacists the opportunity to shop around for the option that works best for them.
Income-Driven Repayment Plans
Income-driven repayment plans in particular help borrowers qualify for lower monthly payments on their pharmacy school loans if their total debt at graduation exceeds their annual income.
Here are the four income-driven repayment plans available for federal student loans:
• Income-Based Repayment (IBR
• Pay As You Earn (PAYE)
• Revised Pay As You Earn (REPAYE)
• Income-Contingent Repayment (ICR)
The Takeaway
Nearly 85% of pharmacy school graduates have student loans, according to the AACP. Pharmacy school loans can be used to pay for tuition and fees, living expenses, and supplies like books or required lab equipment. Federal student loans can be used in combination with any scholarships and grants the student may qualify for. If you find yourself still looking for a way to pay for your pharmacy school education after exhausting scholarships, grants, and federal student loans, a private student loan option might be an option to consider.
With SoFi’s private student loans, you get a six-month grace period post-graduation before you start thinking about repayment. Interested applicants can find out their rate in just a few minutes.
Learn more about borrowing a SoFi private student loan.
FAQ
How long does it take to pay off pharmacy school loans?
Depending on the type of pharmacy school loan you take out (private vs. federal) and when the funds were distributed, it can take between five and 30 years to repay a pharmacy school student loan.
How can I pay for pharmacy school?
There are several ways to pay for pharmacy school, including federal student loans, private pharmacy school loans, scholarships, grants, and personal savings.
What is the average student loan debt for pharmacy school?
According to the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, the average student loan debt for pharmacy graduates is $173,561.
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A top bank isn’t always the highest flier, but one that can survive the tough periods in a more turbulent economy.
That’s the story of Gateway First in Jenks, Oklahoma, the No. 1 bank on the 2022 list of top-performing banks with $2 billion to $10 billion of assets compiled by the consulting firm Capital Performance Group. The list ranks the banks by their three-year average return on average equity. The $2.1 billion-asset Gateway’s three-year average ROAE of 25.36% put it at the top of the list.
But compared to its top-performing peers that hovered in the 20% to 30% range in the last three years, Gateway First had a very different journey. Its ROAE was slashed in half from 2020 to 2021, going from 45.66% to 26.58%. This then plummeted down to 3.84% in 2022.
“I don’t think there’s any company I’ve seen that has been through more change in the last five years than we have,” said Scott Gesell, CEO of Gateway First Bank. This included changes brought on by an acquisition and a change in strategy.
“But we’ve weathered the storm,” Gesell added. “And it’s because we got great people.”
The bank, originally an independent mortgage company called Gateway Mortgage Group, acquired Farmers Exchange Bank and became Gateway First Bank in 2019. Gateway First’s dominance in the mortgage market proved to be a boon during the pandemic when rates were cut in an attempt to spur economic activity. In 2020, the 30-year fixed-rate mortgage fell below 3% for the first time, and then hit an all-time low of 2.65% in January 2021.
Gesell noted that those were some of the “best years in the history of mortgage lending.” The bank’s mortgage loans peaked at $11.8 billion dollars in the middle of 2020, he added.
Then came the end of 2021, when the bank’s mortgage loans fell to only $4 billion. “It was a transition year away from that and into kind of the worst year in mortgage banking, probably since 2008,” he said.
Interest rates have spiked to more than 7% this year. Ninety-nine percent of borrowers had a mortgage rate lower than 6% or the current market rate, according to Goldman Sachs earlier this year. This has deterred refinancing, with the number of these loans dropping from 1.8 million in the first quarter of 2021 to just 9,700 in the fourth quarter of 2022. Gesell called it a “perfect storm in the mortgage industry today.”
Gateway has made efforts to diversify its balance sheet by racking up more commercial loans while maintaining and monitoring its current mortgage portfolio. Gesell highlighted that mortgage banking is a more “fickle and volatile business” than other lines of business.
Steven Reider, president of the consulting firm Bancography, said that facing a dearth of refinancing and mortgage activity, it’s good for a bank to look for other revenue streams.
“There’s a benefit from diversification because all of our business lines and all our economic sectors don’t tend to move in lockstep,” he added. “But it takes time to build the product. It takes time to build the personnel.”
The industries of Gateway’s commercial loans are diverse, according to Gesell, ranging from hospitality to energy lending. Meanwhile, the bank has steered clear from lending on commercial office real estate given the uncertainty of that business right now. Remote work has persisted since the pandemic, and office vacancies have reached an all-time high at 16.1% in the first quarter.
Besides diversifying its loan portfolio, the company also cut operations and staffing since the mortgage boom ended. The company cut its number of mortgage centers from 170 to 125 and trimmed its headcount from 1,800 employees who work on mortgage originations to 1,100.
“It’s a tough deal but people know that we aren’t doing it lightly,” added Gesell. “The nice thing is we had a couple good years that allowed us to buffer and soft-land the process of downsizing.”
Gateway’s near-future growth strategy will continue to focus on commercial lending, while fortifying its deposit base — the bank currently has one of the highest loan-to-deposit ratios in the top-performing banks ranking at around 140%. Gesell said that they will be able to do this through organic customer growth and acquisitions of banks heavier on deposits than loans. He is aiming to decrease Gateway’s loan-to-deposit ratio to 90% by the end of 2024.
“That’s sort of been the history of the organization. There has been a commitment to reinvesting in the organization on an ongoing basis because you want to maintain yourself in a position to continue to grow,” said Gesell.
The survey showed that a 20%-plus net share of banks reported having tightened standards on non-qualified-mortgage (QM) jumbo residential loans (21.6%), QM jumbo loans (21.4%) and HELOCs (25%).
A moderate net share of banks tightened standards on non-QM non-jumbo (18.3%), subprime (16.7%), and QM non-jumbo, non-government-sponsored enterprise (non-GSE) eligible loans (12.5%).
In contrast, only modest net shares of banks reported tightening standards on GSE-eligible (5.4%) and government loans (7.5%).
When banks become less willing to offer credit, it can have the same effect as the central bank raising rates. Households and businesses find it more difficult and costly to borrow, which tends to limit demand for goods and services.
“You’ve got lending conditions tight and getting a little tighter, you’ve got weak demand, and (…) it gives a picture of a pretty tight credit conditions in the economy,” Fed chair Jerome Powell said last week when asked about the survey results.
The survey showed that a net 33.3% of banks reported weaker demand for HELOCs.
A 40%-plus net share of all U.S. banks said they saw weaker demand for all types of RRE loans except for subprime mortgage loans, which saw a moderate net share (36%) of banks reporting weaker demand.
The seven categories of residential home-purchase loans that banks are asked to consider are GSE eligible, government, QM non-jumbo non-GSE-eligible, QM jumbo, non-QM jumbo, non-QM non-jumbo, and subprime mortgage loans.
As for their expectations for the reminder of 2023, respondents gave a fairly gloomy outlook.
“Banks reported expecting to further tighten standards on all loan categories,” the report said.
“Banks most frequently cited a less favorable or more uncertain economic outlook and expected deterioration in collateral values and the credit quality of loans as reasons for expecting to tighten lending standards further over the remainder of 2023.”
Responses were received from 66 domestic banks and 19 U.S. branches and agencies of foreign banks. Respondent banks received the survey on June 15, 2023, and responses were due by June 30, 2023. The survey asks officers about topics such as changes in lending terms as well as household demand for loans.
The July SLOOS doesn’t point to a surge of credit tightening which some Fed policymakers worried would occur after the failures of three regional banks — Silicon Valley Bank, First Republic and Signature Bank.
Most recently, Heartland Tri-State Bank of Elkhart, Kansas failed on Friday with the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) taking control — the first bank to fall since First Republic, the country’s second-largest bank failure in early May.
Take a closer look at some different types of savings accounts and how you can use them to reach your goals
July 31, 2023
Savings accounts allow you to safely store your money while earning interest on it over time. They’re an important component of your overall financial plan, specifically designed to help you safely and steadily achieve your financial goals.
Saving money regularly in a savings account can help you make progress toward a number of goals, such as a down payment on a home or a secure retirement. A savings account can also serve as your emergency fund when unexpected expenses like home repairs or medical bills pop up. Different types of savings accounts can help you meet different goals, however, and you can even use multiple savings accounts to keep them all on track.
But how do you know which types of savings accounts make the most sense for your life and your goals? The first step to figuring that out is to learn more about the seven options and how each one can fit into your financial plans.
Online savings account
As the name implies, online savings accounts offer a digital account that can be accessed through your computer, phone, or tablet. Without the overhead costs associated with brick-and-mortar banks, these accounts can provide customers higher interest rates and other benefits. Simply put, online savings accounts provide a safe and easily accessible way to build up your emergency fund and put money toward other goals.
Benefits of online savings accounts
They typically offer higher interest rates than traditional savings accounts. For example, the Discover® Online Savings Account features rates more than five times the national average.1
They often have lower fees and smaller minimum balance requirements than traditional savings accounts. (For example, the Discover Online Savings Account has no monthly fees and no minimum opening deposit.)
Features can include robust mobile banking capabilities and 24/7 access to your accounts.
Other considerations
Some online banks don’t have dedicated ATMs, which may result in ATM fees. However, online banks like Discover partner with nationwide networks for convenient, no-fee ATM access.
Traditional savings account
Traditional savings accounts typically offer brick-and-mortar bank branch locations where you can speak in person with a representative during bank hours. However, interest rates offered for traditional savings accounts can be less competitive than the typical interest rate for online savings accounts.
Benefits of traditional savings accounts
You can walk into a bank branch for face-to-face customer service.
Dedicated ATMs may not charge ATM fees.
Other considerations
Bank branches have limited operating hours, so they’re not always open when you need them.
It takes more time to visit a branch than to bank online.
They typically have higher fees and offer lower interest rates than online savings accounts.
High-yield savings account
High-yield savings accounts offer significantly higher interest rates than the national average, so your money can grow more quickly. What’s more, virtually all high-yield savings accounts are also online savings accounts, which means you can manage your money from your phone or other device at any time. These accounts work well for emergency savings, big-ticket purchases like a home theater, and longer-term savings goals like buying a car.
Benefits of high-yield savings accounts
Higher interest rates allow you to accelerate earnings.
Easy access to your money when you need it.
Other considerations
Some banks have minimum deposit requirements for high-yield savings accounts.
Make sure your high-yield savings account doesn’t include fees that can eat into your interest earnings.
Money market account
Money market accounts combine some of the benefits and functionality of checking and savings accounts. They pay interest like savings accounts and, in some cases, can offer debit cards and checks like checking accounts. Some, such as the Discover Money Market Account, offer higher interest rates when the account balance is over a certain amount. Money market accounts are great for stashing money so it can grow over time while still providing access to the funds.
Benefits of money market accounts
They can be FDIC insured.
You have easy access to your money when you need it.
They can offer competitive interest rates, though often not as high as online savings accounts.
Other considerations
They may require a higher minimum deposit to open the account, sometimes as much as $5,000 or $10,000. (Discover has a $2,500 minimum initial deposit.)
The number of withdrawals and transfers allowed by your financial institution may be limited, so check for any account restrictions.
Certificate of deposit (CD)
Certificates of Deposit offer a guaranteed, steady interest rate on the money you agree to leave in the account for a specified term, usually ranging from three months to 10 years. If you don’t require access to your funds during the CD term and you’re looking for a secure way to increase your savings, these accounts are ideal. Be sure to understand how CDs work, so you can use them to enhance your savings over time.
Benefits of CDs
You often earn a higher interest rate with a CD than with a savings account.
Your rate is locked in and guaranteed for the full CD term, no matter what happens in the markets.
CDs can be FDIC insured.
Other considerations
CDs often have higher minimum deposit requirements than savings accounts. (Discover has a $2,500 minimum for CDs.)
If you take the money out before the CD term ends, you may face early withdrawal penalties. For that reason, savings accounts are better options for emergency funds.
IRA CD
Choose your term, lock in your rate, and watch your CD grow
Discover Bank, Member FDIC
Owning a CD within your IRA gives you the best of two worlds: the high interest rate of a CD with the tax advantages of an IRA. That adds up to a bigger win for your long-term financial planning. IRA CDs can give you peace of mind knowing that your money will be there for you in the future, and they also offer a way to reduce risk while living in retirement.
Benefits of IRA CDs
You receive guaranteed returns on your money.
Taxes on earnings are deferred, so you can grow your savings faster. (Make sure you know the difference between Traditional IRAs vs. Roth IRAs: Traditional IRAs allow you to deduct your contributions from your taxable income now, but you have to pay taxes on distributions in retirement. Roth IRAs allow you to contribute after-tax funds to your account now, and you don’t have to pay taxes on distributions in retirement.)
They can be FDIC insured.
Other considerations
If you take the money out before the CD term ends, you will usually face early withdrawal penalties.
Taking withdrawals from retirement accounts before age 59½ can result in a tax bill and IRS penalties.
IRA savings account
An IRA savings account combines the security and steady earnings of a savings account with the tax benefits of an IRA. Whether you have a Traditional IRA or a Roth IRA, your earnings in an IRA savings account grow as your money compounds, allowing you to build a larger nest egg without risking it in the stock market. As a result, it can be a convenient spot to park rollovers, like a 401(k) from an old job, or to safely grow your money while in retirement.
Benefits of IRA savings accounts
A market crash won’t affect your retirement savings.
You can move money in and out of it—just be sure to check with your bank about any withdrawal limits.
They offer dependable, tax-deferred growth.
Other considerations
Taking early withdrawals from retirement accounts can result in a tax bill and IRS penalties.
Some banks may charge monthly maintenance fees.
Choose the right savings accounts for you
Now that you know all about the different types of savings accounts, you can figure out which savings accounts best suit your goals and where to open a savings account for yourself.
Once you’ve made those decisions, you’ll set up your savings accounts. Though there may be slight differences, most banks have similar steps for how to set up a savings account:
Complete an application that includes personal information such as your address, phone number, and Social Security number.
Select the type of account you want to open.
Deposit money into the account.
There’s no limit on the number of savings accounts you can have, so you can even use different types of savings accounts to customize your personal financial plan.
If you’re ready to take the next step toward a more secure financial future, check out the benefits of a Discover Online Savings Account today.
Articles may contain information from third parties. The inclusion of such information does not imply an affiliation with the bank or bank sponsorship, endorsement, or verification regarding the third-party or information.
1 The Annual Percentage Yield (APY) for the Online Savings Account as of 07/01/2023 is more than five times the national average APY for interest bearing savings accounts with a balance of $500 as reported by Curinos as of 07/01/2023. National average is based on information regarding the top 50 banks (by deposit size) and may not include information from variations in regional pricing at such banks or information from products that may not be widely available to their customers. Rates were obtained from Curinos, who relies on the data from the banks it tracks and such information cannot be guaranteed. APYs are subject to change at any time.