Chances are, your mortgage interest probably makes up a large proportion of your monthly expenses.
So, how can you secure the best mortgage rate possible? The potential savings you unlock can have a substantial and lasting impact on your lifestyle and disposable income for many years to come.
Read on as we delve into the world of mortgage interest rates, where we’ll explore their implications, and reveal the keys to securing the most favorable terms.
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What is interest?
Merriam-Webster defines interest as “a charge for borrowed money, generally a percentage of the amount borrowed.” You can think of it as the rent you pay to lenders for giving you access to their money.
That makes it different from the money you access. The money you borrow is called the “principal,” and the interest you pay is almost always a percentage of that.
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You pay the interest monthly, but it’s calculated annually. So, if you borrow $100,000 at a 5% interest rate, you’ll pay $5,000 a year in interest, which is $600 a month.
With an installment loan, such as a mortgage, you have to pay the principal back over the life of the loan plus the interest that accumulates.
Nearly all mortgages are “fully amortized.” That means, for a fixed-rate loan, all the monthly payments are the same. But your mortgage lender works them out so you zero your balance (including interest and the principal sum borrowed) when you make the final monthly payment at the end of your home loan’s term, often 30 years.
Amortization and mortgage interest
When you make your first monthly payment on a new mortgage, you owe a huge amount of money. So, almost all that payment goes on interest and your principal debt reduces only a little.
Gradually, over the years, your principal decreases and the interest you owe each month does, too. As each payment is made, the percentage allocated to interest shrinks while the portion allocated to reducing the debt grows larger and larger.
By the time you make your last payment, only a tiny bit is interest and nearly all of it reduces your principal — to zero.
This stuff isn’t easy. So, to discover more, read How mortgage amortization works, and why it matters.
How costly is mortgage interest?
When this was written, in October 2023, mortgage rates had just reached a 20-year high. So, it may feel as if mortgage interest is expensive.
But, of course, mortgages are actually one of the least costly ways of borrowing. The problem isn’t the mortgage interest itself but the large sums home buyers borrow over long periods.
Even a low interest rate can result in high monthly mortgage payments when you’re borrowing big. And your mortgage is likely to be by far your largest loan, at least at the start.
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What’s that in dollars?
So, how much might your mortgage interest cost on a conventional 30-year, fixed-rate mortgage? Let’s try an example. We’re basing it on the average rate for such a loan on the day this was written (7.522%) and on a property at the current median home price ($416,100 in the second quarter of 2023). We’ll assume a 20% down payment.
We fed those numbers into our mortgage calculator. And you can do the same with your own figures. Here’s what we got:
So, that’s $2,333 each month for the mortgage, plus property taxes and homeowners insurance. Did you spot the View Full Report button at the bottom? That provides the real low down:
So, as the Totals section reveals, “By the end of the 30-year mortgage loan term, you would pay $839,722 in total amount ($332,880 would be for the original loan amount and $506,845 in interest).”
Yes, that sounds a lot. But you’re borrowing a considerable loan amount over a long period of time.
It’s actually good value, especially when you think that, at the end, you’re likely to own outright a hugely valuable asset. And you won’t have had to pay rent for the next 30 years to live somewhere else.
By the way, the graph top-right on that page shows amortization in action.
What factors determine the mortgage interest you pay?
There are two main groups of factors that affect the mortgage rates you’ll be quoted: Things you can change and things you can’t.
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The economy and markets
Let’s start with what’s outside your control. That’s mostly the economy and its effect on the bond market for mortgage-backed securities. It’s that market that largely determines current mortgage rates.
Generally, mortgage rates fall when the economy’s in trouble and rise when it’s thriving. Inflation also plays a role, with above-average price rises tending to drive higher interest rates.
Your financial circumstances
Now, for some things you can control. Lending is all about risk. Lenders know that some of their home loans will turn bad. But which?
So, they analyze your personal finances to discover how much of a risk you pose. And the bigger that perceived risk, the higher the interest rate they’ll quote you. Of course, if they think there’s a serious danger of your mortgage loan turning bad, they’ll simply decline your application.
So, what specifically do they look for? It’s mainly:
A consistent and adequate source of income — That’s often easy to prove if you’re an employee. But it can be harder for the self-employed and those in the gig economy
A history of managing debt well — That’s your credit score and credit report
A manageable level of existing debts — How easily will you afford the new monthly mortgage payments once you’ve met all your other inescapable financial commitments each month? This is called your debt-to-income ratio or DTI
The down payment amount — The bigger your down payment, the more skin you have in the game. And that means you’re less of a risk. So a high down payment helps get you a lower interest rate. However, most borrowers can easily get a mortgage with just 3% or 3.5% (zero for some) down. This is your loan-to-value ratio (LTV)
Each of those normally affects a lender’s calculations when deciding what mortgage interest rate to quote you. And, of course, you have a great deal of control over them.
For example, spending time before you apply, building your credit score and reducing your debt (especially card balances) can earn you an appreciably lower interest rate.
Verify your home buying eligibility. Start here
Rate shopping
How would you like to save more than $1,000 a year for many years to come for just a few hours’ work?
It’s easy. And yet, a surprising number of mortgage borrowers pass on the opportunity.
In May 2023, federal regulator the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) released a report under the headline:
Mortgage data shows that borrowers could save $100 a month (or more) by choosing cheaper lenders
The CFPB found the spread among different lenders’ mortgage interest rates is “often around 50 basis points of the annual percentage rate.” Fifty basis points is 0.5%. So, it could be the difference between paying a rate of 7% or 6.5%. Try running those figures through our mortgage calculator!
The report also says that such differences apply in “virtually every segment of the mortgage housing market, including loans backed by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, Federal Housing Administration loans, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (Veterans Affairs) loans, as well as jumbo loans.”
And all you have to do to unlock such potential savings is request quotes from multiple lenders. Of course, your preferred lender may come up with the best deal. But suppose it doesn’t.
Fixed vs. adjustable-rate mortgage
Most Americans, especially first-time home buyers, opt for a fixed-rate mortgage (FRM). They’re prepared to pay a little more for the security of knowing that every monthly payment they make on their loan will be the same as the last one.
A fully amortized FRM is as predictable as anything gets. You pay the same $x each month until you finish paying down the loan — or sell the home or refinance the mortgage.
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Adjustable-rate mortgages (ARMs) are very different. Or they can be after a few years.
An ARM almost always starts with a lower interest rate than an FRM. And that rate is fixed for an initial period, after which it can float in line with general interest rates, usually once each year.
So, a 5/1 ARM has a fixed rate for the first five years, a 7/1 ARM’s rate is fixed for seven years, and so on. The second numeral tells you how often the rate can be adjusted after the initial fixed-rate period expires. That numeral is most often a 1, meaning the rate can then float up or down annually (once a year).
That’s fine as long as mortgage rates remain low. But it can cause real pain when those interest rates shoot up, as they have done in recent years.
Luckily, that pain is usually moderated because most ARMs come with caps that limit how much their interest rates can rise. But even moderated pain is still pain.
Some home buyers can still be better off with ARMs. If you know you’ll be moving home within seven years and choose a loan type such as the 7/1 ARM, your mortgage interest rate will be fixed for as long as needed.
The bottom line on mortgage interest
At worst, mortgage interest is often seen as a practical necessity. The other option is to spend a lifetime paying rent, ultimately without the prospect of building valuable assets.
When mortgage rates are high, the weight of interest payments can become a substantial concern. But, if mortgage rates fall one day, refinancing is always an option, provided you remain creditworthy.
And there are things you can do to pay as low a mortgage interest rate as possible. Comparison shopping among several lenders could save you $100+ a month. Meanwhile, improving your credit score and reducing your existing debts can make another big difference.
Homeownership remains as much a part of the American dream as it always has. If you’re ready to fulfill your dream, don’t delay.
Time to make a move? Let us find the right mortgage for you
An FHA loan is a type of government home loan program that the Federal Housing Administration insures. It’s a popular mortgage choice, especially for first-time homebuyers, because an FHA loan has lower down payment requirements than conventional loans.
But there are extra costs related to these loans that you might not be aware of. You can use an FHA loan calculator. to help figure out what your monthly mortgage payment and total cost might be.
Why Use a FHA Loan Mortgage Calculator Table
An FHA loan mortgage calculator table has several benefits for homebuyers. These include:
• Cost estimations: The calculator table can provide estimates of monthly mortgage payments. It helps borrowers plan their budget by showing the expenses involved in buying a home.
• Time-saving: Mortgage calculations can be confusing and complicated for first-time homebuyers. The calculator table helps simplify and speed up this process.
• Comparison tool: Buyers can compare options by entering different scenarios into the calculator table. A different interest rate or purchase price will change the monthly payment amounts. A buyer can compare homes and even different types of mortgage loans to help decide which property and loan to move forward with.
• Informed decision-making: An aspiring homebuyer can use the table to determine the various costs involved in an FHA loan. They can plug in different numbers, such as a lower or higher down payment or a different loan term to see how that might change their monthly payments.
• Financial planning: Overall, the calculator could help borrowers figure out what they can afford now and how to plan for future payments.
💡 Quick Tip: With SoFi, it takes just minutes to view your rate for a home loan online.
First-time homebuyers can prequalify for a SoFi mortgage loan, with as little as 3% down.
How to Calculate Your FHA Loan Mortgage Costs
Calculating a government home loan like an FHA loan mortgage involves several steps. These include:
1. Determining the loan’s principal amount and interest. The principal is the amount of money the homebuyer borrows from the lender. The interest is the cost of borrowing the money.
2. Adding property taxes and homeowners insurance. Homebuyers typically pay state and local property taxes. And you’ll also need homeowner’s insurance to insure the house against theft, damage, or loss, among other things.
3. Including the Mortgage Insurance Premium (MIP). The MIP protects lenders in case the borrower defaults on their mortgage payments. Borrowers pay an upfront MIP of 1.75% of the loan amount, and then they pay an annual MIP that’s typically charged in monthly installments as part of the mortgage payment.
4. Adding the loan term. This is the length of the loan, which is usually 15 to 30 years for an FHA loan.
5. Finally, plugging all the information listed above into an FHA mortgage loan calculator table to estimate the total monthly mortgage cost.
This is what the table for a mortgage calculator for an FHA loan might look like. You can use the table as a template or starting point to fill in the information, adjusting as needed, and then make your calculations.
2023 FHA Loan Mortgage Calculator Table
Purchase Price
Down Payment
Interest Rates
Property Tax
MIP
30-year vs 15-year Term
Total Interest Paid
Recommended: How do FHA 203(k) Home Loans Work?
Examples of FHA Loan Mortgage Calculations
Here are two examples of FHA loan calculations to give you an idea of how the process works. Keep in mind that there might be additional costs to consider, such as closing costs.
Calculate the total monthly mortgage costs: Total Monthly Mortgage Costs = $1,081.03 (Principal & Interest) + $93.75 (MIP) + $250 (Property Taxes) + $75 (Homeowners Insurance) = $1,500.78 The total monthly mortgage cost per month is $1,500.78.
💡 Quick Tip: Don’t have a lot of cash on hand for a down payment? The minimum down payment for an FHA mortgage loan is just 3.5%.
Reasons to Calculate Your FHA Loan Mortgage First
There are a number of reasons why it makes sense to calculate an FHA mortgage before you move forward with such a mortgage. Here are five ways calculating your mortgage can be helpful.
• Determining what’s affordable: Determining the cost of the mortgage can help borrowers search for a home within their price range.
• Financial preparation: Buyers can see how much money they should plan to spend each month. They can then create a budget and financial plan in order to be prepared to meet the monthly payments.
• Comparing loan options: Buyers can look at different loan options to choose the one that works best for them. They can also see how a different interest rate, home price, or down payment amount will affect their monthly cost.
• Preventing surprises: Using the calculator helps borrowers understand what the loan costs will be so they don’t get hit with expenses they weren’t expecting.
• Helping with negotiation: The more informed a buyer is about the various costs associated with the loan and the terms, the better they may be at negotiating the best terms.
Recommended: Home Loan Help Center
Tips on How to Save on Your FHA Loan Mortgage
If you’re interested in getting an FHA mortgage, there are a few things you can do to help get the best deal for your situation.
Build your credit score. This is one of the tips to qualify for a mortgage that it’s good to know. Strengthening your credit may help you get better interest rate terms. Pay off your debts if you can, and pay your bills on time to help build your score.
Shop around for the best interest rate. Different lenders offer varying interest rates for FHA loans. See what you may qualify for. A higher credit score may help you get a better rate.
Consider making a higher down payment. This could potentially help make your overall mortgage amount and monthly payments lower.
Negotiate closing costs. Closing costs are typically 4% to 5% of the home’s purchase price. You may be able to negotiate with the lender to try to lower some of those costs.
Take advantage of down payment assistance programs. Many states and cities offer down payment assistance programs for first-time homebuyers.
Consider mortgage refinance when interest rates drop. If you get a lower rate when you refinance, you can typically reduce your monthly mortgage monthly payments.
The Takeaway
If you’re interested in an FHA loan, an FHA loan calculator can help you figure out the total costs of your loan and your monthly loan payments, which in turn can help you budget and plan for them. For instance, you’ll factor in such costs as homeowner’s insurance and Mortgage Insurance Premium.
Shopping around for the best interest rate and comparing different loan options may also help you save money on an FHA loan.
SoFi offers a wide range of FHA loan options that are easier to qualify for and may have a lower interest rate than a conventional mortgage. You can down as little as 3.5%. Plus, the Biden-Harris Administration has reduced monthly mortgage insurance premiums for new homebuyers to help offset higher interest rates.
Another perk: FHA loans are assumable mortgages!
FAQ
What are the new FHA limits for 2023?
The FHA’s nationwide limit “floor” and “ceiling” for a one-unit property in 2023 are $472,030 and $1,089,300, respectively.
What is the minimum credit score for FHA in 2023?
For an FHA loan, a minimum credit score of 580 and a down payment of 3.5 percent are required. You can still qualify with a credit score as low as 500 if you can increase your down payment to at least 10%.
How is an FHA loan amount calculated?
The FHA loan amount is calculated by determining the maximum loan size that a borrower qualifies for, which is typically based on the borrower’s income, creditworthiness, and the specific FHA loan program’s guidelines. The loan amount is further influenced by factors such as the property’s appraised value and the FHA’s required loan-to-value ratio.
Photo credit: iStock/ridvan_celik
¹FHA loans are subject to unique terms and conditions established by FHA and SoFi. Ask your SoFi loan officer for details about eligibility, documentation, and other requirements. FHA loans require an Upfront Mortgage Insurance Premium (UFMIP), which may be financed or paid at closing, in addition to monthly Mortgage Insurance Premiums (MIP). Maximum loan amounts vary by county. The minimum FHA mortgage down payment is 3.5% for those who qualify financially for a primary purchase. SoFi is not affiliated with any government agency.
Third-Party Brand Mentions: No brands, products, or companies mentioned are affiliated with SoFi, nor do they endorse or sponsor this article. Third-party trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective owners.
Financial Tips & Strategies: The tips provided on this website are of a general nature and do not take into account your specific objectives, financial situation, and needs. You should always consider their appropriateness given your own circumstances.
SoFi Mortgages Terms and conditions apply. Not all products are offered in all states. See SoFi.com/eligibility for more information.
*SoFi requires Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) for conforming home loans with a loan-to-value (LTV) ratio greater than 80%. As little as 3% down payments are for qualifying first-time homebuyers only. 5% minimum applies to other borrowers. Other loan types may require different fees or insurance (e.g., VA funding fee, FHA Mortgage Insurance Premiums, etc.). Loan requirements may vary depending on your down payment amount, and minimum down payment varies by loan type.
SoFi Loan Products SoFi loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A., NMLS #696891 (Member FDIC). For additional product-specific legal and licensing information, see SoFi.com/legal. Equal Housing Lender.
Our goal here at Credible Operations, Inc., NMLS Number 1681276, referred to as “Credible” below, is to give you the tools and confidence you need to improve your finances. Although we do promote products from our partner lenders who compensate us for our services, all opinions are our own.
The interest rate on a 30-year fixed-rate mortgage is 8.375% as of October 24, which is 0.125 percentage points lower than yesterday. Additionally, the interest rate on a 15-year fixed-rate mortgage is 7.000%, which is 0.125 percentage points higher than yesterday.
With mortgage rates changing daily, it’s a good idea to check today’s rate before applying for a loan. It’s also important to compare different lenders’ current interest rates, terms and fees to ensure you get the best deal.
Rates last updated on October 24, 2023. These rates are based on the assumptions shown here. Actual rates may vary. Credible, a personal finance marketplace, has 5,000 Trustpilot reviews with an average star rating of 4.7 (out of a possible 5.0).
How do mortgage rates work?
When you take out a mortgage loan to purchase a home, you’re borrowing money from a lender. In order for that lender to make a profit and reduce risk to itself, it will charge interest on the principal — that is, the amount you borrowed.
Expressed as a percentage, a mortgage interest rate is essentially the cost of borrowing money. It can vary based on several factors, such as your credit score, debt-to-income ratio (DTI), down payment, loan amount, and repayment term.
After getting a mortgage, you’ll typically receive an amortization schedule, which shows your payment schedule over the life of the loan. It also indicates how much of each payment goes toward the principal balance versus the interest.
Near the beginning of the loan term, you’ll spend more money on interest and less on the principal balance. As you approach the end of the repayment term, you’ll pay more toward the principal and less toward interest.
Your mortgage interest rate can be either fixed or adjustable. With a fixed-rate mortgage, the rate will be consistent for the duration of the loan. With an adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM), the interest rate can fluctuate with the market.
Keep in mind that a mortgage’s interest rate is not the same as its annual percentage rate (APR). This is because an APR includes both the interest rate and any other lender fees or charges.
Mortgage rates change frequently — sometimes on a daily basis. Inflation plays a significant role in these fluctuations. Interest rates tend to rise in periods of high inflation, whereas they tend to drop or remain roughly the same in times of low inflation. Other factors, like the economic climate, demand, and inventory can also impact the current average mortgage rates.
To find great mortgage rates, start by using Credible’s secured website, which can show you current mortgage rates from multiple lenders without affecting your credit score. You can also use Credible’s mortgage calculator to estimate your monthly mortgage payments.
What determines the mortgage rate?
Mortgage lenders typically determine the interest rate on a case-by-case basis. Generally, they reserve the lowest rates for low-risk borrowers — that is, those with a higher credit score, income, and down payment amount. Here are some other personal factors that may determine your mortgage rate:
Location of the home
Price of the home
Your credit score and credit history
Loan term
Loan type (e.g., conventional or FHA)
Interest rate type (fixed or adjustable)
Down payment amount
Loan-to-value (LTV) ratio
DTI
Other indirect factors that may determine the mortgage rate include:
Current economic conditions
Rate of inflation
Market conditions
Housing construction supply, demand, and costs
Consumer spending
Stock market
10-year Treasury yields
Federal Reserve policies
Current employment rate
How to compare mortgage rates
Along with certain economic and personal factors, the lender you choose can also affect your mortgage rate. Some lenders have higher average mortgage rates than others, regardless of your credit or financial situation. That’s why it’s important to compare lenders and loan offers.
Here are some of the best ways to compare mortgage rates and ensure you get the best one:
Shop around for lenders: Compare several lenders to find the best rates and lowest fees. Even if the rate is only lower by a few basis points, it could still save you thousands of dollars over the life of the loan.
Get several loan estimates: A loan estimate comes with a more personalized rate and fees based on factors like income, employment, and the property’s location. Review and compare loan estimates from several lenders.
Get pre-approved for a mortgage: Pre-approval doesn’t guarantee you’ll get a loan, but it can give you a better idea of what you qualify for and at what interest rate. You’ll need to complete an application and undergo a hard credit check.
Consider a mortgage rate lock: A mortgage rate lock lets you lock in the current mortgage rate for a certain amount of time — often between 30 and 90 days. During this time, you can continue shopping around for a home without worrying about the rate changing.
Choose between an adjustable- and fixed-rate mortgage: The interest rate type can affect how much you pay over time, so consider your options carefully.
One other way to compare mortgage rates is with a mortgage calculator. Use a calculator to determine your monthly payment amount and the total cost of the loan. Just remember, certain fees like homeowners insurance or taxes might not be included in the calculations.
Here’s a simple example of what a 15-year fixed-rate mortgage might look like versus a 30-year fixed-rate mortgage:
15-year fixed-rate
Loan amount: $300,000
Interest rate: 6.29%
Monthly payment: $2,579
Total interest charges: $164,186
Total loan amount: $464,186
30-year fixed-rate
Loan amount: $300,000
Interest rate: 6.89%
Monthly payment: $1,974
Total interest charges: $410,566
Total loan amount: $710,565
Pros and cons of mortgages
If you’re thinking about taking out a mortgage, here are some benefits to consider:
Predictable monthly payments: Fixed-rate mortgage loans come with a set interest rate that doesn’t change over the life of the loan. This means more consistent monthly payments.
Potentially low interest rates: With good credit and a high down payment, you could get a competitive interest rate. Adjustable-rate mortgages may also come with a lower initial interest rate than fixed-rate loans.
Tax benefits: Having a mortgage could make you eligible for certain tax benefits, such as a mortgage interest deduction.
Potential asset: Real estate is often considered an asset. As you pay down your loan, you can also build home equity, which you can use for other things like debt consolidation or home improvement projects.
Credit score boost: With on-time payments, you can build your credit score.
And here are some of the biggest downsides of getting a mortgage:
Expensive fees and interest: You could end up paying thousands of dollars in interest and other fees over the life of the loan. You will also be responsible for maintenance, property taxes, and homeowners insurance.
Long-term debt: Taking out a mortgage is a major financial commitment. Typical loan terms are 10, 15, 20, and 30 years.
Potential rate changes: If you get an adjustable rate, the interest rate could increase.
How to qualify for a mortgage
Requirements vary by lender, but here are the typical steps to qualify for a mortgage:
Have steady employment and income: You’ll need to provide proof of income when applying for a home loan. This may include money from your regular job, alimony, military benefits, commissions, or Social Security payments. You may also need to provide proof of at least two years’ worth of employment at your current company.
Review any assets: Lenders consider your assets when deciding whether to lend you money. Common assets include money in your bank account or investment accounts.
Know your DTI: Your DTI is the percentage of your gross monthly income that goes toward your monthly debts — like installment loans, lines of credit, or rent. The lower your DTI, the better your approval odds.
Check your credit score: To get the best mortgage rate possible, you’ll need to have good credit. However, each loan type has a different credit score requirement. For example, you’ll need a credit score of 580 or higher to qualify for an FHA loan with a 3.5% down payment.
Know the property type: During the loan application process, you may need to specify whether the home you want to buy is your primary residence. Lenders often view a primary residence as less risky, so they may have more lenient requirements than if you were to get a secondary or investment property.
Choose the loan type: Many types of mortgage loans exist, including conventional loans, VA loans, USDA loans, FHA loans, and jumbo loans. Consider your options and pick the best one for your needs.
Prepare for upfront and closing costs: Depending on the loan type, you may need to make a down payment. The exact amount depends on the loan type and lender. A USDA loan, for example, has no minimum down payment requirement for eligible buyers. With a conventional loan, you’ll need to put down 20% to avoid private mortgage insurance (PMI). You may also be responsible for paying any closing costs when signing for the loan.
How to apply for a mortgage
Here are the basic steps to apply for a mortgage, and what you can typically expect during the process:
Choose a lender: Compare several lenders to see the types of loans they offer, their average mortgage rates, repayment terms, and fees. Also, check if they offer any down payment assistance programs or closing cost credits.
Get pre-approved: Complete the pre-approval process to boost your chances of getting your dream home. You’ll need identifying documents, as well as documents verifying your employment, income, assets, and debts.
Submit a formal application: Complete your chosen lender’s application process — either in person or online — and upload any required documents.
Wait for the lender to process your loan: It can take some time for the lender to review your application and make a decision. In some cases, they may request additional information about your finances, assets, or liabilities. Provide this information as soon as possible to prevent delays.
Complete the closing process: If approved for a loan, you’ll receive a closing disclosure with information about the loan and any closing costs. Review it, pay the down payment and closing costs, and sign the final loan documents. Some lenders have an online closing process, while others require you to go in person. If you are not approved, you can talk to your lender to get more information and determine how you can remedy any issues.
How to refinance a mortgage
Refinancing your mortgage lets you trade your current loan for a new one. It does not mean taking out a second loan. You will also still be responsible for making payments on the refinanced loan.
You might want to refinance your mortgage if you:
Want a lower interest rate or different rate type
Are looking for a shorter repayment term so you can pay off the loan sooner
Need a smaller monthly payment
Want to remove the PMI from your loan
Need to use the equity for things like home improvement or debt consolidation (cash-out refinancing)
The refinancing process is similar to the process you follow for the original loan. Here are the basic steps:
Choose the type of refinancing you want.
Compare lenders for the best rates.
Complete the application process.
Wait for the lender to review your application.
Provide supporting documentation (if requested).
Complete the home appraisal.
Proceed to closing, review the loan documents, and pay any closing costs.
FAQ
What is a rate lock?
Interest rates on mortgages fluctuate all the time, but a rate lock allows you to lock in your current rate for a set amount of time. This ensures you get the rate you want as you complete the homebuying process.
What are mortgage points?
Mortgage points are a type of prepaid interest that you can pay upfront — often as part of your closing costs — for a lower overall interest rate. This can lower your APR and monthly payments.
What are closing costs?
Closing costs are the fees you, as the buyer, need to pay before getting a loan. Common fees include attorney fees, home appraisal fees, origination fees, and application fees.
If you’re trying to find the right mortgage rate, consider using Credible. You can use Credible’s free online tool to easily compare multiple lenders and see prequalified rates in just a few minutes.
Cassidy spoke to MPA during the annual FUSE conference staged in Las Vegas by the Association of Independent Mortgage Experts (AIME). The gathering took place Oct. 4-7. It’s not brokers who are leaving amid challenging times Cassidy pointed to a positive aspect inherent to the current challenges of the housing market – what with inflation, … [Read more…]
Buying a home is one of the most expensive purchases you’re bound to make in your life. That’s why it’s so important to get the right mortgage before you sign on the dotted line.
A few differences in mortgage rates or other terms can equate to tens of thousands of dollars either spent or saved. But with so many options available on the market, it’s hard to know where to start.
There are traditional lenders and online mortgage lenders, local ones and large multinational ones. Plus, many lenders specialize in different types of loans.
To get started, browse some of the best mortgage lenders and find a few that match your needs.
Best Mortgage Lenders & Online Loan Marketplaces of 2023
You have several great options available, from online lenders to brick and mortar branches, from excellent credit to bad credit lenders. Check out the complete list of lenders to find the best choice for your next home loan.
loanDepot
Offering home loans in all 50 states, loanDepot works with a wide range of borrowers. The minimum credit score for most loans is 620. However, some government-insured programs may allow your credit score to be as low as 580.
You also have access to various mortgage options. They provide fixed and adjustable-rate mortgages, jumbo mortgages, FHA loans, VA loans, and home equity loans.
If you want to talk over these choices, you’ll appreciate the online lender’s no steering policy. That means your loan officer doesn’t receive any incentive to point you in any one specific direction, so you can trust the advice you get.
Do keep an eye on your origination fees. Depending on your application, those could cost you anywhere between 1% and 5% of your home’s purchase price.
The first step of applying for a mortgage is talking to a loan officer. However, the application process occurs online. That means you can do the bulk of the work at your convenience.
Read our full review of loanDepot
LendingTree
LendingTree is the best if you want to compare multiple offers as they partner with the largest network of lenders who compete for your business.
You can get up to five different loan offers within minutes of submitting your application. If you’ve already found the place you want to call home, start here.
Another great feature is that you can submit a request online for conventional, FHA, or VA loans. LendingTree’s website also provides many in-depth resources for first-time buyers, regardless of where you are in the process.
They provide tips for qualifying for a mortgage, mistakes to avoid when purchasing a house, and a bank of frequently asked questions. For home loan guidance and receiving multiple offers at once, LendingTree is the place to go.
Read our full review of LendingTree
Rocket Mortgage
Rocket Mortgage is a great pick if you prefer applying for a mortgage online and has excellent customer service when needed.
Rocket Mortgage provides FHA loans, USDA loans, and Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae loan products that come with down payments as low as 3%.
A branch of Quicken Loans, Rocket Mortgage’s online application process is highly streamlined with an approval time of just a few minutes. You can also avoid the hassle of paperwork by using a secured platform to share your financial information.
Once you have your proposed interest rate, you can test out different house prices and down payment amounts to create a customized monthly payment. Once you get a contract on your new home, closing is easy and takes place at a location of your choice.
Read our full review of Rocket Mortgage
New American Funding
New American Funding offers conventional, FHA, and VA loans. You can also explore options for a mortgage that includes a home renovation loan.
Less common available loans include jumbo loans, reverse mortgages, and interest-only mortgages.
New American Funding also has first-time homebuyer loan programs available and works with down payment assistance programs in 14 states, including California, Illinois, Florida, and Texas.
Once you have an idea of what you’re looking for, go step-by-step through their questionnaire to get more details on potential loan terms you could qualify for.
Read our full review of New American Funding
Alliant Credit Union
Alliant Credit Union offers both fixed and adjustable-rate mortgages, and you can qualify with a down payment as low as 3% of the home price.
On a $200,000 house, that equates to just $6,000 needed in cash for your down payment.
You can qualify anywhere in the country and enjoy a low origination fee of just $995. If having cash on hand is an issue for you when purchasing a home, check out Alliant to see how they stack up to other mortgage lenders.
Alliant also offers home equity lines of credit.
Read our full review of Alliant Credit Union
Guaranteed Rate
Guaranteed Rate originated about $24 billion in mortgages for 2018, which is no surprise. The website allows you to get an idea of your qualifying interest rates easily.
All you need to do is input just a few details about your estimated credit score and the type of home you’d like to buy.
You can then browse several loan options to see your interest rates and APR options. It’s easy to compare mortgage options to get an idea of which kind of mortgage is best for you.
You can also browse their Knowledge Center for tons of in-depth resources on the home buying process.
Read our full review of Guaranteed Rate
First Internet Bank
Solely based online, First Internet Bank is an online mortgage lender that allows you to complete the entire mortgage application from your own home.
However, you can still call to talk to them on the phone whenever you’d like. First Internet Bank also offers a wide range of loans, including conventional, jumbo, FHA, VA, USDA, and home equity loans.
You can get a personalized mortgage rate in less than a minute. You can even sign up for email alerts to track mortgage rates as you shop for houses.
Getting prequalified takes just moments, and you can then submit the appropriate loan documents to get pre-approved. This extra step gives you a leg up on the competition once you’re ready to make an offer on a home.
Read our full review of First Internet Bank
Carrington Mortgage Services
If you have a question about a loan, you can chat with a Carrington representative from 7 a.m. until 6 p.m. PST. They’ve even been featured on Lifetime’s Designing Spaces.
So, it should go without saying that Carrington is available, and they want your business. Peruse their website, and you’ll see how user-friendly it is within moments.
They have a list of mortgage tools that will help you understand what you can afford. They also have a step-by-step guide outlining the loan application process.
Additionally, you’ll find a list of common mortgage terms that banks use, an explanation of loan types, and a mortgage application checklist.
Carrington is a top-notch mortgage company with an intuitive, user-friendly interface and great rates to boot.
Read our full review of Carrington Mortgage Services
Truist
Truist has a significant online presence for mortgages in addition to its physical branches throughout the country.
You can create an online account to apply for a mortgage loan or enter your zip code to find a location near you. Truist offers a suite of mortgages on top of the typical government-backed loans, including high-cost home financing.
Alternatively, if you meet certain income eligibility requirements, you may qualify for a HomeReady/Home Possible loan, which can help make homeownership more affordable.
Truist also offers a unique program for doctors to help licensed medical interns, residents, and fellows qualify for a mortgage.
Read our full review of Truist
U.S. Bank
Prequalify online within minutes, and from there, you can start making intelligent decisions about your future home. U.S. Bank offers conventional, fixed-rate loans, VA loans, ARMs, and FHA loans.
Want to design and build your dream home? They even have new construction loans and investment property loans.
They also have a “loan officer near you” app that lets you speak with someone who’s knowledgeable about your area and what it is specifically you’re looking to purchase.
You can also call their national number directly and someone will speak to you right then and there. U.S. Bank even has a FAQ section that answers questions you didn’t even know you had.
Read our full review of U.S. Bank
Other Top Mortgage Lenders to Consider
Didn’t find one on the list that you liked? Read our reviews of some other good lenders:
How to Find the Best Mortgage Lender
To find the best mortgage lender, it’s wise to compare mortgage rates and terms from multiple lenders. This will help you find a lender that offers the best deal. The lending standards may be similar across lenders, but the way they implement them may vary.
You might be surprised at how much variation you see in your different offers. Plus, mortgage loans can be structured in various ways to accommodate your financial situation or personal preferences.
If you don’t have a lot of spare cash on hand, you may be able to pay a higher interest rate to avoid higher closing costs. If you want to lower your monthly payments, your lender may let you pay for points to qualify for a lower rate.
It’s also helpful to understand where mortgage rates are right now and where they’re headed. A good real estate agent may be able to help you with this as they usually know the market quite well.
Know your credit score and the type of rate you should qualify for so you can negotiate the best deal possible. Some credit card issuers give you your FICO score for free.
How to Compare Mortgage Lenders
Here are some questions you may want to ask when searching for the best mortgage lenders:
How is their customer service?
What can they tell you about their closing costs and other associated lender fees?
How much do you need for a down payment?
How quickly can you close once you find a home?
These are all questions you should pose to at least two or three separate mortgage lenders.
Compare answers and determine which lender can offer you the best financial deal and meet any other expectations you have surrounding the loan process.
What should you look for in a mortgage lender?
Finding the best mortgage lender for your needs can take a while, so give yourself time. If you’re interested in a particular type of loan, such as a VA loan or an FHA loan, make sure the lender actually offers it.
Mortgage Interest Rates
Pick at least two or three mortgage lenders with good customer satisfaction ratings to compare pre-qualification offers. Then, take a look at the interest rates they offer you, whether the rate is fixed or adjustable, and what your monthly mortgage payments will be.
Taxes and Mortgage Insurance
Make sure they include an estimate for taxes and mortgage insurance, not just your principal and interest because that can make your payment increase by at least a couple hundred dollars.
Property Taxes
If you live in a more expensive area like a major city, expect to pay even more for property taxes. Of course, you can always refinance to get a lower rate down the road, but it’s expensive because of closing costs.
Fees and Closing Costs
Next, compare the closing fees of each mortgage lender. Some of the expenses won’t change from lender to lender. A title search, for example, will cost about the same amount regardless of what lender you go through. Origination fees, on the other hand, can vary greatly.
Expect to pay 3% to 5% of the loan amount for total closing expenses. Which end of the spectrum you end up on can make a huge difference in how much cash you’ll need.
A good lender will help you explore your options based on how much cash you have and how long you plan to be in the home.
Mortgage Points
If you have extra money and intend to make your new place your “forever home,” it may be worth paying extra points at closing in exchange for a lower mortgage rate. Ask each lender for different scenarios to see which best fits your individual needs.
How can you get pre-qualified for a mortgage?
There are two ways to start the mortgage process: a pre-qualification and a pre-approval.
Getting prequalified is an informational step to get an idea of what rates to expect and how much you can borrow based on your income and debt levels. You don’t have to supply any documentation at this time.
The quotes you receive are not set in stone and are subject to change with your official application. But it’s good to find out what types of loans you should consider, how much cash you’ll likely need, and what price range of home you should look at.
You’ll need more to actually make an offer on a home because most sellers don’t view a pre-qualification as official enough to indicate likely financing.
What is a pre-approval letter?
A pre-approval letter takes the pre-qualification process one step further. You essentially submit your entire application and all the accompanying documentation.
This includes things like your tax returns from the last two years, bank statements, explanations of any negative remarks on your credit history, and employment verification.
The mortgage lender also performs a hard credit pull to determine your mortgage interest rate. It takes a bit of time, but once you’ve been pre-approved, the lender provides a letter stating how much of a loan you qualify for and how much down payment you can provide.
When you submit an offer on a house, this addition makes it much stronger because the seller knows that you’re likely to get approved for the mortgage. Once your offer is accepted, you can lock in an interest rate with your mortgage lender for a certain number of days.
What type of mortgage should I get?
Some quick introspection is necessary to answer this question. Start by examining your financial position, household needs, and long-term goals. How secure is your income? Where do you want to live in the next few years? How much money can you raise for the down payment?
Answering these questions helps you pick the most appropriate mortgage type for you. Typically, the choice boils down to a conventional or government-backed mortgage. Conventional home loans have stricter requirements, such as a high credit score and sizable down payments. Government-backed loans allow lower credit scores and little to no down payment to qualify.
There are eight different types of mortgages spread across the two categories. Dig in as we explore each of them below.
8 Types of Mortgage Loans
Conventional Mortgage Loans
Conventional mortgages are home loans that the government doesn’t insure and fall into two categories: conforming and non-conforming.
A conforming loan means the loan falls within limits set by the Federal Housing Finance Agency. Non-conforming loans, such as jumbo loans, exceed the FHFA limit, which varies between counties.
Conventional Loan Requirements
Conventional loans have stringent credit score and debt-to-income ratio requirements. Mortgage lenders approve borrowers with a credit score of at least 620 and a 20% down payment. Buyers who can put at least 3% down may also be eligible but must pay primary mortgage insurance.
Pros
Cheaper than unconventional loans
Can qualify by putting 3% down
Cons
PMI on deposits less than 20%
Strict credit score and DTI ratio requirements
Best for: Buyers with large down payments, high income, stellar credit scores, and excellent credit history.
Fixed-Rate Mortgage
A fixed-rate mortgage is a home loan that carries a fixed interest rate over its lifespan. Once the interest rate is locked in, it’s not affected by changes in market rates.
Fixed-rate mortgages are the most popular home loans, thanks to their predictability. Knowing your mortgage payment every month helps borrowers more easily plan their finances. As a result, you can be sure that there are no surprises month-to-month.
Fixed-Rate Mortgage Loan Requirements
Lenders use your credit score, debt-to-income ratio, credit history, income, and down payment to determine eligibility and set mortgage rates. Credit scores are a primary determinant, and most mortgage lenders approve borrowers with scores above 620.
Credit scores above 740, low DTI ratio, stellar credit history, and a significant down payment command the most competitive mortgage rates. Conversely, low credit scores lead to higher interest rates, and a down payment of less than 20% triggers the need to pay private mortgage insurance (PMI).
Fixed-rate mortgage terms range from 10 to 30 years, but 30 and 15-years loans are most popular. The length of your mortgage also determines the interest rates and monthly payments.
Pros
Predictable monthly payments
Nonfluctuating interest rates
Easy qualifications
Large tax deductions
Cons
Higher mortgage rates
High-interest amount
Slow equity growth
Adjustable-Rate Mortgage
As the name suggests, adjustable-rate mortgages carry an adjustable interest rate set by the prevailing market rate. An ARM starts with a fixed interest rate for a few years then changes to a variable rate for the remaining loan term.
An ARM can be locked for one, three, five, seven, or ten years, but 5/1 ARM loans are most common. With a 5/1 ARM, the interest rate is locked for the first five years and then adjusted annually for the remainder of the term.
Typically, the interest rate on an ARM adjusts upwards because the initial interest rate is often lower than the prevailing market rate.
Pros
Predictable and low initial monthly payments
You can save a considerable amount of money at first
Cons
Increased mortgage rates
Monthly payments can be expensive
Best for: Borrowers who are likely to secure a pay hike in the future but want to lock in lower rates when their income is lower.
FHA Mortgage
An FHA loan is a mortgage guaranteed by the federal government and insured by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA). You can only secure an FHA loan from an FHA-approved lender. The agency insures home loans are issued by accredited lenders such as credit unions, banks, and mortgage companies, protecting mortgage lenders if a borrower defaults on payment.
FHA Loan Requirements
These loans help modest-income households buy a home. You need a 3.5% down payment, a credit score of 580 or higher, and a DTI less than 50 to qualify for an FHA loan. You can be eligible with a 500 credit score if you raise a 10% down payment.
Since the government insures FHA loans, FHA lenders can extend favorable terms to people who wouldn’t otherwise qualify for a mortgage. FHA loans carry a mortgage insurance premium (MIP) for at least 11 years, and FHA mortgages with less than 10% down must carry FHA insurance over the life of the loan.
You can use an FHA to buy or refinance a condo, single-family home, 2 to 4-unit multi-family home, and select manufactured homes. In addition, some FHA loans can finance new construction and home renovation.
The limits on FHA loans vary by county, and as of 2021, you can borrow between $420,860 and $970,800. Your county’s living costs determine the limit on FHA loans.
Pros
Requires a 3.5% deposit
High loan limits
Accommodates low credit scores
Cons
Mandatory mortgage insurance
Only finances primary residence
Best for: Low and moderate-income households and borrowers without a large down payment.
VA Mortgage
VA loans are guaranteed by the U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs but issued by private lenders such as mortgage companies, banks, and credit unions. VA loans help veterans, current service members, and eligible spouses buy a home without a down payment.
The government guarantee allows VA accredited lenders to extend favorable terms to borrowers without a deposit. Although VA loans carry attractive terms, they have stringent qualification requirements. Only qualified active-duty service members, veterans, and surviving spouses can apply for VA loans.
VA Loan Requirements
While a VA loan offers 100% financing when buying a home, VA lenders will consider credit score, DTI, and income level when issuing a loan. There are no minimum credit score requirements, but you typically need a credit score of at least 620 to qualify.
In addition, veteran and surviving spouses can only use a VA loan to finance their primary residence. But active-duty service members can use the loan to buy a second home if they plan to move into it within 60 days of closing.
Your county of residence determines the VA loan limit. As of 2021, the county limit on VA loans ranges from $548,250 to $822,375, depending on the cost of living. However, you can get a VA loan that exceeds the county limit if you make a down payment.
Pros
No down payment
Competitive mortgage rates
Lower closing costs
No private mortgage insurance
Cons
Can’t finance an investment property or vacation home
Carries a VA loan funding fee
Strict property requirement
Best for: Eligible veterans, active-duty service members, and surviving spouses.
USDA Mortgage
USDA loans are zero-down payment government-backed mortgages guaranteed by the U.S. Department to help rural homebuyers. The loans help people with modest incomes who can’t buy homes using traditional mortgages.
USDA home loans are offered under the USDA loan program or USDA Rural Development Guaranteed Housing Loan Program. The program aims to bolster the economy and improve the quality of life for people in rural America. It waives the down payment, offers competitive mortgage interest rates, and is highly accessible.
You can apply to any of the three USDA loan programs, including:
Loan guarantees: The USDA guarantees a mortgage issued by a local lender. That allows you to access a loan with attractive terms without a deposit.
Direct loans: These are subsidized home loans for low and very low-income borrowers with interest rates as low as 1%.
Home improvement loans and grants: These are loans or outright grants to help homeowners upgrade or repair their homes. Some loan packages pair the loan with grants of up to $27,000.
USDA Loan Requirements
Qualifying for a USDA-backed home loan depends on the income and size of your household. The income limits vary by location and depend on your county of residence. Only U.S. citizens or permanent residents can use these loans to finance an owner-occupied primary residence.
You can qualify for a USDA mortgage with a credit score of 640 or higher, a DTI of less than 41%, and if the monthly repayment won’t exceed 29% of your monthly income. The USDA may consider a higher DTI for applicants with credit scores above 680. Applicants with scores lower than 640 may still qualify but are subject to more stringent borrowing conditions.
You also need to demonstrate a dependable income over two years, have a good credit history, and have no account in collection within the last year.
The USDA loan limit is a moving target that varies between counties, based on the cost of living. The loan can be as high as $500,000 in high-cost counties like Hawaii and California and $100,000 in rural America.
You can only access a direct loan from the USDA if your home is less than 2,000 square feet and has a market value below your county loan limit. The USDA program excludes metropolitans but covers some suburbs.
Pros
100% financing
Ultra low fixed interest rates
Includes financial grants
No private mortgage insurance
Cons
Geographical restrictions
Finances single owner-occupied residences
Best for: Borrowers with limited financial resources or those wishing to live in rural areas.
Jumbo Mortgage
Jumbo loans finance homes that exceed the FHFA limits of a conventional mortgage. Jumbo loans are considered non-conforming mortgages and are considered high-risk loans.
Since they exceed the FHFA limits, Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae do not guarantee jumbo loans. That means the mortgage lender may incur losses if the borrower defaults. Jumbo loans can carry an adjustable or fixed interest rate and have strict requirements.
Jumbo Loan Requirements
You need a credit score of 700 to 720, a DTI of less than 45%, and plentiful cash reserves in the bank to qualify for a jumbo loan. Lenders require extensive documentation to show excellent financial standing. You’ll need W-2s, complete tax returns, and 1099s as well as your investment accounts and bank statements.
The minimum down payment on jumbo loans is often higher than traditional loans because they lack a government guarantee. Most mortgage lenders require a 10% to 30% deposit. Jumbo mortgage rates depend on your finances and your lender.
Some lenders charge higher rates on jumbo loans than conforming ones, while others offer lower rates. The closing costs and lender fees on a jumbo loan are often higher because of extra qualifying steps and the high loan amount.
You can use a jumbo loan to buy a home, refinance an existing mortgage for cash-out purposes, or purchase an investment property and land. However, since FHFA doesn’t govern jumbo loans, the loan limit could run into the millions.
Pros
Higher loan limits
Can finance investment property
Competitive interest rates
Flexible uses
High loan amounts
Cons
Requires high credit scores
You need high income
Requires plenty of cash reserves
Best for: People buying expensive property and homeowners looking to refinance a large loan.
Interest-Only Mortgages
Interest-only mortgages are relatively short-term loans, usually structured as ARMs for 5 to 10 years. During the loan, borrowers pay interest on the loan without repaying the principal. Since you’re not paying back any borrowed money, you’re not building equity in the home. Your equity in the house remains the value of the down payment and any appreciation in the home’s market value.
At the end of the loan term, your loan amount remains the same unless you’ve made separate payments to offset the principal. Once the initial term lapses, you can pay off the loan, switch to making amortized payments, refinance, or sign up for another interest-only term.
Interest-Only Mortgage Loan Requirements
An interest-only loan requires a good credit score, 700 or higher, a large deposit, and a low debt ratio. There are no standard requirements, so they vary widely between mortgage lenders. But you’ll need to demonstrate an ability to pay and own ample assets to qualify.
Pros
Low initial monthly payment
Low initial mortgage rates
Variable loan terms
Cons
You don’t build equity
Your equity declines if property value drops
Best for: People with high disposable income, large cash reserves, rising incomes, or borrowers who receive large annual bonuses.
Best Mortgage Lenders FAQs
Which lenders have the best mortgage rates?
Mortgage rates can vary significantly from lender to lender, and can also fluctuate over time. It’s difficult to say which lender has the “best” mortgage rates at any given time. It can depend on a variety of factors, such as your credit score, the type of loan you’re looking for, and the location of the property you’re buying.
That being said, some lenders may offer more competitive rates than others. One way to find the best mortgage rates is to shop around and compare offers from different lenders. You can do this by visiting the websites of different banks and mortgage companies, or by working with a mortgage broker.
Another important factor to consider when shopping for a mortgage is the fees associated with the loan. Some lenders may have lower rates but charge higher fees, while others may have higher rates but charge lower fees. Make sure to compare the total cost of the loan, including the mortgage rate and fees, when shopping for a mortgage.
How do I get the best mortgage rate?
To get the best mortgage rate, you should:
Have a good credit score. The higher your credit score, the more likely you are to qualify for a low mortgage rate.
Shop around for rates from multiple lenders. Compare rates from banks, credit unions, and online lenders to find the best rate.
Make a large down payment. Putting more money down on the home can lower your mortgage rate.
Consider different loan types. Adjustable-rate mortgages and shorter-term mortgages typically have lower rates than fixed-rate mortgages.
Consider paying “points” or additional fees to lower your rate.
Get Pre-approved for a mortgage before you shop for a house.
Be prepared to provide extensive documentation to the lender to show you can afford the loan and can make the payments.
It’s worth noting that interest rates are not the only thing to consider when shopping around for a mortgage. You should also compare other terms, fees, and loan programs that lenders offers. It’s always a good idea to consult a mortgage expert or a financial advisor for guidance on this matter.
How much house can I afford?
A widely accepted method for determining how much you can afford to spend on a home is the 28/36 rule. This rule states that you should not spend more than 28% of your gross, or pre-tax, monthly income on housing expenses.
Additionally, the rule states that you should not spend more than 36% of your income on all debt payments, including your mortgage, credit cards, and other loans, such as auto and student loans.
For example, if your gross monthly income is $5,000, you should not spend more than $1,400 (28% of $5,000) on housing expenses, including your mortgage payment, property taxes, and insurance. And you should not spend more than $1,800 (36% of $5,000) on all debt payments, including your mortgage, credit cards, and other loans, such as auto and student loans.
So, if you have $500 in existing debt payments, your monthly mortgage payment should not exceed $900.
Whether you’re bringing in $140,000 on your own or that’s your combined household income, you probably feel pretty confident about your homebuying journey. You’re making about double the national median household income, which is $70,784 per the latest Census data, so getting approved for a mortgage and finding homes that fit your budget shouldn’t be too tricky.
Be smart as you shop, though. Earning more makes it easy to spend more — experts call this lifestyle inflation — and if you’re not careful, a hefty monthly mortgage payment could mean your spending outpaces your monthly earnings. Let’s crunch the numbers on how much house you can afford with a $140K salary.
The 28/36 rule
Many financial experts use a fairly simple set of calculations called the 28/36 rule to assess affordability. This guideline breaks down how much of your income should go toward your mortgage and other debts: Per the rule, no more than 28 percent of your gross income should go to your housing payments each month. And no more than 36 percent should be allocated to your total debt, including housing — such as car payments, student loans and credit card bills.
Let’s apply the 28/36 rule to your $140K salary to see how much you should be spending on housing costs:
Calculator
$140,000 / 12 = $11,667 (gross monthly income)
$11,667 x 0.28 = $3,267 (the most you should spend on housing costs each month)
$11,667 x 0.36 = $4,200 (the most you should spend on total debt each month)
How much house can you afford?
But wait, you might be thinking. I want to know a purchase price, not just how much I should spend on my mortgage payments. Bankrate’s mortgage calculator can help: It shows that if you were to buy a $500,000 home, with a 20 percent down payment and a 30-year loan at 7.5 percent interest, your monthly principal and interest payments would be $2,796. That leaves you a few hundred dollars to cover home insurance premiums and property taxes, which will vary widely depending on your location, before you hit that $3,267 cap.
So hypothetically, you can afford a $500K home. Don’t forget, though, that this does not include your upfront expenditures: a 20 percent down payment on a home of that price is a significant $100,000, plus closing costs.
And these aren’t the only factors to consider before you start house shopping. Here are some other metrics mortgage lenders look at to make sure you’re not overextending yourself:
Credit score: The higher your credit score is, the better the interest rate you can get — which means you’ll pay less in interest. This translates to big savings over the life of the loan, so it’s worth getting your score in the best shape possible before your house-hunt begins.
Debt-to-income ratio: Often called DTI, this metric is similar to the 28/36 rule in that it measures how your debt obligations stack up against your income. If you stay below 36, you should be in good shape, although some lenders allow for a higher DTI.
Down payment: You might have heard that you need to put 20 percent down, but that’s not necessarily true. Some loans require as little as 3 percent for a down payment. However, paying less upfront means borrowing more, and thus bigger monthly payments. And putting down the full 20 percent lets you avoid paying private mortgage insurance on top of your mortgage payment. With your $140K salary, shelling out a bigger down payment just makes sense.
Desired location: In most parts of the country, a $500,000 housing budget will probably get you a spacious single-family home. But in particularly pricey markets, like New York City or the San Francisco Bay Area, it might buy a lot less. Consider general cost of living prices, too, from groceries to transportation to entertainment. Make sure you can afford not just the house, but the lifestyle you want to live.
Home financing options
Even if you’re comfortable spending half a million dollars on a home, you probably don’t have that kind of cash just lying around. That’s where home financing comes in.
Get preapproved for a mortgage
Before you even start house-hunting, it’s smart to get preapproved for a mortgage. Preapproval isn’t final approval, but it tells you the size of the loan you’re likely to get, which helps ensure you don’t waste time looking at homes that don’t fit within your budget. It can also be crucial in competitive markets, where there may be more than one offer on a home — your preapproval lets sellers know you are a serious, qualified buyer.
Different types of loans
There are many different types of mortgages that can help you make that half-million home yours. Most have specific credit-score requirements, and you may not be eligible for some due to your high salary. If you are a military service member or veteran, it’s well worth looking into VA loans, and FHA loans are often popular with first-time buyers and borrowers with poor credit. But with a $140K salary, you’ll probably be looking at a conventional loan. A knowledgeable loan officer or mortgage broker will be able to explore your options with you.
First-time homebuyer programs
Are you transitioning from renter to homeowner for the first time? If so, you might be able to take advantage of first-time homebuyer programs, which can range from grants to low-interest or forgivable loans offering closing cost and down payment assistance. However, many such programs come with a maximum salary cap, so your $140,000 income might make you ineligible.
Getting started
When you’re ready to jump into the homebuying market, working with an experienced real estate pro in your desired area is your best first step. Local agents know their markets well and will be able to show you home options that match your needs and your budget. Ask for recommendations from friends and family, look at yard signs in the neighborhoods you like and research online to find some good candidates. Then, interview a few people before you choose the right one for you.
When the housing market was searing hot, buyers faced intense competition — bidding wars, cash investors, and buy/sell decisions made on rapid deadlines. Now that real estate has cooled, there are fewer homes for sale, two-decade-high interest rates, and stubbornly elevated house values.
It’s rarely easy to buy a home. And if you can find a house you love, the question becomes: Is now a good time to buy?
The 2023 housing market
Looking for the perfect time to buy? Fewer than one in five consumers surveyed by Fannie Mae in July 2023 thought that it was a good time to buy a home. Yet, timing the housing market is more complicated than timing the stock market. Which is impossible. There are few “just right” Goldilocks real estate markets.
But you’re not buying the market. You’re buying a house in a city, neighborhood, and block where you want to live. Hopefully, for quite a while.
Mortgage rates
We all know this story. Interest rates have risen — and mortgage rates are no exception. The Federal Reserve has been raising short-term interest rates for well over a year in an effort to shrink inflation — the rise in consumer prices. Not only do the Fed’s rate increases immediately lift short-term mortgage rates such as variable-rate loans, but they also tend to influence long-term mortgage rates upwards as well eventually.
And though we don’t live in a 2%-3% world these days, mortgage rates are near their 52-year historical average.
Since April 1971, the 30-year mortgage rate has averaged 7.74%, based on data collected by Freddie Mac.
Of course, that’s little comfort to homebuyers today who remember when rates were under 3% for much of 2021. Conversely, the highest rate on record was a whopping 18.63% in October 1981.
According to Zillow research, the trend of mortgage rates — whether interest rates are generally rising or falling — may influence whether existing homeowners would consider selling their existing house to move into another. With so many existing homeowners paying a much lower mortgage rate, the study found it would take rates to fall somewhere to between 4% and 5% before they would sell the home they’re in and buy another.
This rate gridlock is contributing to the lack of existing homes for sale.
Take action: Consider the interest rate strategies below until (and if) mortgage rates fall significantly lower for an opportunity to refinance.
Home values
There is a little good news, though. Higher mortgage rates have softened the real estate market, and the increase in home prices is moderating.
The rise in existing home values is slowing. Home values are lower year-over-year in almost half (23) of the 50 largest metro areas, according to a Zillow analysis.
Take action: Look for homes with price reductions where you want to live. Then negotiate even harder.
But listings for existing homes are far fewer. For more than 12 months, new listings have been down year-over-year. The number of new listings of homes for sale is down more than 20% from pre-pandemic levels, according to Realtor.com.
Take action: Consider expanding your search to more affordable areas close to your favorite neighborhood if it’s too pricey.
New home inventory is rising. Construction of new homes is showing promise of growth, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. However, builders are still wary of oversupplying the market, concerned that consumer demand could sag as potential buyers shy away from rising mortgage rates.
Take action: If you want to buy a house now, consider new construction. You may be able to choose some finishes or make an even better deal on a spec home that’s been on the market for a while.
When is a good time to buy a house?
Buying a home is more than considering macroeconomic factors. It’s an important life decision based on your personal and financial situation.
Where do you want to be in 5 years?
When you rent, the decision to move is broken down into six months, or a year or two at a time, as your lease renews. But every dollar-related detail makes a home purchase a medium- to long-term investment. Buying a house includes various costs: the down payment, closing costs, and financing fees, moving expenses, property taxes, and perhaps selling your existing place.
Homeownership requires a years-long timeline. How you make a living, your friends, family, and even community amenities all come into play.
Your income
A primary consideration: your job. Will it require a location change anytime soon, or can you live where you please? Is your income steady and all but assured?
Your credit score
One of the significant factors that will qualify you for a home loan is your credit score. It’s important to know it before applying for a mortgage.
For the most common loan, a conventional mortgage not backed by a government agency, you generally need a FICO score of 620 or better.
FHA loans can allow a credit score as low as 580 with 3.5% down. VA loans issued to qualified military service members and veterans don’t officially have a minimum credit score, though some lenders will require a FICO score of 620.
As a benchmark to where you stand, the median credit score on a new mortgage in the second quarter of 2023 was 769, according to the New York Federal Reserve.
Of course, minimum scores are the entry-level to qualifying; the higher your score, the better the loan terms you’ll be offered. Most importantly, that can mean you’ll pay a lower annual percentage rate over the life of the loan. You may also have more room to negotiate on fees.
Your current debt load
A primary financial metric lenders will use to determine your creditworthiness is your debt-to-income ratio.
Fannie Mae, a government-sponsored entity that provides liquidity to the home loan market, looks for a maximum total DTI ratio of 36% of “the borrower’s stable monthly income.” Exceptions can allow for total DTIs up to 50%, but it’s usually best to avoid working on the edges of qualification if you can.
You can calculate your DTI by dividing your total recurring monthly debt by your gross (before taxes and other deductions) monthly income.
Include debt such as monthly mortgage payments (or rent), real estate taxes, and homeowner’s insurance. Also, add any car payments, student loans, and the monthly minimum due on credit cards. Remember any personal loan payments and child support or alimony.
Do not include debt such as monthly utilities — like electricity, water, garbage, or gas bills — or car insurance, television streaming subscriptions, or cell phone bills. You can also exclude health insurance costs and miscellaneous expenses such as groceries or entertainment.
Your savings
Having a cash cushion in the form of emergency savings shows lenders that you are prepared for the unexpected. Of course, that savings account should also include …
Your down payment
A large chunk of your savings account should be dedicated to the down payment. A minimum of 3% down is required in order to qualify for a conventional loan targeted to first-time homebuyers — or ideally, 20% to avoid private mortgage insurance. Yes, zero-down options exist if you are eligible for a VA- or USDA-backed loan.
According to Realtor.com, the average down payment in the first quarter of 2023 was 13%.
4 rate-relief strategies to consider
Buying a house when interest rates are high can require some financial finesse to enhance affordability.
1. Buying discount points
Prepaying interest in order to lower your ongoing mortgage rate is called buying discount points. One point is equal to 1% of the loan amount. However, lenders sometimes add a point or two to a mortgage proposal to make their loan offer appear more enticing. But you’re actually paying for the discount with an upfront fee.
When shopping for a loan, compare loan offers with zero points. Then, you can decide whether to buy points to lower your interest rate. It is important to note that buying one point (paying 1% of the loan amount upfront) will generally reduce your interest rate by only one-quarter of a percentage point.
2. An interest rate buydown
Borrowers can lower their mortgage interest rate for the first few years at the beginning of the loan term with a buydown. Home builders, sellers, and some lenders sometimes offer an interest rate buydown to boost sales.
While you get a short-term break on the interest rate, your payments and total interest may actually be higher. It’s a strategy that requires running the numbers on the long-term benefits.
If you’re paying for the buydown, compare a mortgage both with and without a buydown. By the way, lenders will qualify you based on the permanent interest rate, not the temporary buydown rate.
3.An adjustable-rate mortgage
A mortgage product that increases in popularity whenever rates begin to rise is back: the adjustable-rate mortgage.
ARMs have a fixed interest rate for an introductory period, often five to 10 years, and then the rate changes regularly, usually once or twice a year. Tips when shopping for an ARM:
Look for an introductory rate that is lower than a fixed-rate mortgage.
Choose a term you feel comfortable with, perhaps in line with how long you plan to stay in the home.
Make sure you budget for possible increases in your monthly payment if the interest rate moves higher after the end of the introductory rate period.
4. A shorter-term mortgage
Are you more comfortable with an interest rate that never changes, even if your monthly payment is slightly higher than you’d like? Consider a shorter-term loan. Mortgages with 20- or 15-year fixed terms, as opposed to the traditional 30-year term, typically come with lower interest rates. The lower rate and shorter term combination means you’ll gain equity in your home faster, too.
Your next move
Buy smart and shop a lot. Relentlessly shop mortgage rates and lenders for the best loan offers and justified fees. Get a written preapproval from your lender, then shop for a house you can love and can afford. Your home buying competition is.
According to Zillow, when it comes to first-time buyers versus repeat buyers, first-timers are more likely to reach out to at least three lenders and three real estate agents.
Rent prices are on the rise, with the average cost increasing 18% between 2017 and 2022. But buying a home requires a hefty down payment and good credit. Renting to own your home can give you the best of both worlds, but there are some downsides.
If you’re thinking about signing a rent-to-own agreement, it’s important to weigh the pros/cons of rent-to-own home deals. Here’s what you need to know before you sign on the dotted line.
What are rent-to-own homes?
When you own a home, part of your monthly payments goes toward paying off the principal. If you stay in the home long enough, you’ll own it.
The same doesn’t apply to rentals. Your monthly rent solely covers your costs of living in that home, whether it’s a condo, apartment, townhouse, or single-family house.
A rent-to-own home lets you pay rent to live on the property, with the option to buy it when the lease runs out. In some cases, a portion of your rent goes toward the purchase price, but that isn’t always the case.
How does rent-to-own work?
A rent-to-own agreement is essentially a lease agreement with an option to buy. Rent-to-own contracts should be read thoroughly. Those options can vary from one contract to another.
When you sign a rent-to-own contract, you pay an upfront fee called an option fee. This is typically 1 to 5% of the home’s purchase price, and it’s non-refundable.
It’s important to note that a lease does not relieve you of the requirements to buy a house. You’ll still have to qualify for a mortgage and make a down payment. It’s merely a way to buy yourself some time and possibly put some of your rent toward the purchase price of a home.
Lease Option vs. Lease Purchase
Before you sign, pay close attention to the lease agreement you’re signing. There are two types, and one contractually obligates you to buy the property.
Lease Option Agreement
A lease option agreement is the best deal of the two for you, the buyer. You’re signing a lease option contract that merely gives you first rights to the house when the lease is up. If you change your mind, find a better deal, or can’t qualify for a mortgage, you can find somewhere else to live and move your belongings out.
Since the option fee is nonrefundable, it’s important to note that you will lose money if you choose not to buy. Calculate this loss when you’re deciding whether to buy.
Lease Purchase Agreement
Unlike a lease option agreement, lease purchase agreements obligate you to buy at the end of the lease. Since it’s a contract, that means you’re legally obligated to purchase the house.
This can be risky for a couple of reasons. Once you’re in the house, you may see issues you didn’t notice when you were first touring the house. Things could change with the neighborhood or your circumstances that you couldn’t know at the outset.
But the biggest issue with a lease purchase contract could simply be that you aren’t eligible for a mortgage to buy the house. Make sure you know, up front, what penalties or liabilities you’ll face if you can’t buy the house when your lease is up.
Even though both agreements operate differently on your end, they do obligate the seller to give you the option to buy when your lease expires. This puts you in a position to own a home at a predetermined future date, giving you the opportunity to start planning.
Length of a Rent-to-Own Agreement
Rent-to-own contracts start with a lease period that can be up to five years but is usually less than three. The thought is that the rental period will give a renter time to qualify for a mortgage. During this time, you’ll work on building your credit, if necessary, and saving for a down payment.
In some cases, a rent-to-own arrangement could have renewal terms. That means if you reach the end of the lease and want more time, you can extend the lease. With this option, though, the property owner could increase your monthly rent or the purchase price.
Preparing for Homebuying
During your lease term, you’ll make each monthly rent payment in exchange for remaining in the house. But it’s important during that time that you work toward purchasing the house when your time is up. Here are some things to do to boost your chances of landing a mortgage once your lease expires.
Boost Your Credit Score
Your rent-to-own deal requires that you qualify for a mortgage once the term is up. To do this, you will need to meet the minimum credit score requirements. You can get a free copy of your credit report each year at AnnualCreditReport.com, but there are also credit monitoring services that can help you stay on top of things.
Although requirements can vary from one lender to the next, Experian cites the following credit scores as necessary to land a mortgage:
FHA: If you qualify, a Federal Housing Association loan will accept credit scores as low as 500.
USDA loans: Those who meet the requirements can qualify with a score as low as 580.
Conventional loan: Generally 620 or higher, but some lenders require 660 at minimum.
VA loans: Eligible military community members and their families can obtain loans with scores as low as 620.
Jumbo loan: These loans cover houses at a higher price, so you’ll need a score of at least 700.
Save for a Down Payment
In addition to a good credit score, you’ll need to put some money down on your new home. Down payment requirements vary by loan type, but it’s recommended that you put at least 20% down. That means if you’re buying a $200,000 home, you’ll need at least $40,000 by closing.
There are lower down payment options, but if you choose those, your mortgage payments will include something called private mortgage insurance. This will increase your monthly payment by $30 to $70 per $100,000 borrowed.
If you can’t save up 20%, you may qualify for an FHA loan, which requires as little as 3.5% down. Both VA and USDA loans have zero down payment options, and there are programs offering down payment assistance to those who qualify.
The best part about rent-to-own properties, though, is that some come with rent credits. With a rent credit, a percentage of your rent will go toward your required down payment. Calculate in advance how much you’ll have in that escrow account at the end of your lease to make sure you save enough to supplement it.
What are the pros of rent-to-own?
Rent-to-own homes can be a great option, especially during a tight housing market. If there’s a house you want to buy, but you can’t make a down payment or your credit isn’t where it should be, it could be a great workaround. Here are some of the biggest benefits of rent-to-own agreements.
Rent May Go Toward Purchase Price
Depending on the terms of the rental agreement, renting to own could help you work toward paying for the home. Instead of the full amount of your rent being pocketed by a landlord, a percentage of your rent could go toward the eventual purchase price. Before signing, pay attention to rent credits and try to negotiate the best deal possible.
The Purchase Price Is Locked In
When a landlord agrees to a lease option, the home’s purchase price is written into the contract. That price will typically be higher than what the market says it’s currently worth. This means if the U.S. housing market sees an unexpected increase, you’ll be buying the home for less than its value. Even if the market dips, once you purchase the house and remain there for a few years, you may be able to sell it at a profit.
You’ll Buy Extra Time
For many renters, the rent-to-own period provides time to qualify for a mortgage. If you’ve researched all the options and found you’re close but not quite there yet, a rental period could be just what you need.
Before you choose this option, though, take a look at your circumstances. If substantial existing debt and poor credit mean you won’t qualify, you may need more than the few years you’ll get with a rent-to-own agreement.
No Moving Necessary
Let’s face it. Moving can be a pain. You have to pack everything up, line up a moving truck and get help moving, and unpack your items once you’re in the new location.
With a rent-to-own agreement in place, you skip the hassle of moving. You’ve already been in that home, making monthly rent payments, for at least a couple of years. You’ll simply go through the closing process and switch from rent payments to mortgage payments.
What are the cons of rent-to-own?
If you can get a mortgage, that’s always going to be a better option than renting or leasing to own. But there are some instances where renting without the buy option could be better for you. Here are some things to consider.
Rent-to-Own Home Maintenance
Before you sign any lease agreement, it’s important to read the fine print. One thing to note, specific to own agreements, is who will be responsible for maintenance during the rent-to-own period. If you rent without the promise of eventual ownership, your landlord will take care of those costs. In some cases, rent-to-own agreements require the renter to handle all repairs.
But there’s an upside to handling repairs on your own. To your landlord, the property is technically yours. That means you likely will give it more TLC. Still, it’s well worth it to pay for a home inspection before you agree to a rent-to-own agreement. This will identify any serious issues that will need to be addressed before you buy.
Option Fee
One distinguishing feature of a rent-to-own property is the option fee. This is usually between 1 and 5% of the purchase price and is non-refundable. That means if you don’t ultimately qualify for a mortgage, you’ll lose that money.
Home Values Could Drop
Property values aren’t guaranteed. Your landlord estimates the value of the property, but if you’re in a rising market, you might get that home at a steal. While that’s good news for you, the reverse can happen. If housing prices drop substantially during that time frame, you could find yourself buying a property for more than it’s worth.
Contract Breaches Can Be Costly
Rental agreements are a legal obligation. If you don’t pay your rent, your landlord can evict you and keep your security deposit. But rent-to-own contracts bring an additional level of risk. Missed payments mean you could be evicted and lose all the money you’ve put in. That includes the upfront fee and any rent credit you’ve earned.
All that money will also be lost if you can’t qualify for a mortgage when your rental time is up. These agreements can give you some breathing room. However, if your low credit scores, income, lack of a down payment, or employment situation make you ineligible for a mortgage, you could be searching for another rental while losing everything you’ve paid on the lease-to-own home.
Steps to Buy a Rent-to-Own Home
Once you’ve decided renting to own is the route you want to take, you may wonder what to do next. The following steps can help you ensure you get the best deal in a rent-to-own agreement.
1. Find a Home
This is more challenging than it might sound, especially if you’re looking in a competitive real estate market. Rent-to-own homes are extremely rare, so you may have to find a home for sale and try to negotiate this type of setup.
Typically, homeowners become renters when they can’t sell their homes. This means your rent-to-own contract might be on a home that’s in a less desirable or convenient area of town. For someone whose home has been on the market for a while, being able to collect rent money with the promise of a sale in a few years can be a huge relief.
For best results, find a real estate agent who can help you track down a home and negotiate with the seller. The National Association of REALTORS® maintains a directory of real estate agents, but you can also ask for a referral or find real estate agents nearby who have brokered these types of deals recently.
2. Research the Home
Even if it’s tough to find a lease-to-own home in your area, don’t snatch up the first one you find. Crunch the numbers to make sure the rent and purchase price make financial sense for you. Look at the sale history of the home to verify that the owner’s estimated purchase price is somewhat within what the median home price will likely be when your lease expires.
3. Research the Seller
The seller needs to be looked into as well. This is even more important with rent-to-own agreements since this person will be your landlord for the entire lease period. If you see any red flags during your interactions with the seller, move on.
4. Choose the Right Terms
Before you make a real estate purchase, you would have a closing attorney review the documents. The same goes for a rent-to-own agreement. Run all the paperwork past a real estate attorney to make sure there’s nothing in the contract that will hurt you in the long run.
Your real estate agent should be able to negotiate the best terms for you, including how each rent credit will help you build equity and what happens at the end of the lease.
5. Get a Property Inspection
Any time you make a home purchase, it’s essential to know what you’re buying. The same is true for rent-to-own properties. A home inspector can check things out and make sure you aren’t purchasing a home with serious issues.
6. Start Preparing to Buy
Once you start making rent payments, it’s time to start preparing for your eventual home purchase. Chances are, you’ll have to make a sizable down payment on a home loan, so plan to have that ready. Also, keep an eye on your score with all three credit bureaus and make sure you’ll qualify.
A rent-to-own contract can be a good deal for both the buyer and the seller. It can give you time to save money and improve your credit score. A real estate lawyer should take a look at your contracts and make sure your best interests are protected.
Bottom Line
Rent-to-own homes present a unique option for potential homeowners. This approach offers the opportunity to enter the homeownership arena at a slower pace, allowing individuals to build credit, save for a down payment, and experience living in the home before making a final purchase decision.
However, the rent-to-own path isn’t free from drawbacks. Potential buyers should be wary of unfavorable terms, higher monthly payments, and the risk of losing money if they decide not to buy. Ultimately, like all significant decisions in life, choosing a rent-to-own option requires careful consideration and thorough research.
Frequently Asked Questions
Where can I find rent-to-own houses?
Rent-to-own houses can be found through specialized websites dedicated to these types of listings, local real estate agents familiar with the concept, or sometimes through classified advertisements in local newspapers or online platforms.
Can I find rent-to-own homes on Zillow?
Yes, Zillow does list rent-to-own homes. When searching for properties, you can filter the search results to show only rent-to-own options. However, availability may vary based on the region and market conditions.
How long is the typical rent-to-own contract?
The typical lease term ranges from one to five years, but terms can vary based on the agreement between the homeowner and tenant.
Do I have to buy the house at the end of the lease?
No, the decision to buy is optional. However, if you decide not to purchase, you may lose any upfront fees or additional monthly amounts set aside for the potential purchase.
Can the seller change the purchase price once set?
Generally, the purchase price is fixed in the initial agreement. However, some contracts may have clauses allowing price adjustments based on market conditions.
What happens if the property value decreases during the lease period?
If the home’s value decreases and you’ve agreed on a set purchase price, you could end up paying more than the current market value. It’s crucial to negotiate terms that protect your interests.
Who is responsible for repairs and maintenance?
The agreement should clearly outline these responsibilities. In most cases, the tenant bears the responsibility for maintenance and repairs during the lease term.
What’s the benefit of a rent-to-own agreement for sellers?
Sellers can generate rental income while waiting to sell, often at a premium. It also widens the pool of potential buyers, especially those who need time to improve their credit or save for a down payment.
How do property taxes work in a rent-to-own agreement?
In a rent-to-own scenario, the property taxes are typically the responsibility of the homeowner, as they still retain ownership of the property during the rental period. However, the specific arrangement can vary based on the terms of the agreement.
Some contracts may stipulate that the tenant pays the property taxes directly or reimburses the homeowner. It’s crucial for both parties to clearly understand and agree upon who will cover the property tax obligation before entering into a rent-to-own contract.
If I don’t buy, do I get a refund for the extra money paid?
Typically, the extra money paid above regular rent, often referred to as “rent premium,” is forfeited if you decide not to buy.
Is the rent in a rent-to-own agreement higher than usual?
Often, yes. A portion of the monthly rent may be used for the potential down payment or purchase price, making it higher than the average rent for similar properties.
What’s the difference between rent-to-own and mortgage?
Rent-to-own is an agreement where a tenant rents a property with the option to buy it at the end of the lease. No bank is involved initially, and the tenant isn’t obligated to buy. A mortgage, on the other hand, is a loan specifically for purchasing a property. The buyer borrows money from a bank or lender and agrees to pay it back with interest over a predetermined period.
Does rent-to-own hurt your credit?
A rent-to-own agreement, in itself, doesn’t usually affect your credit. However, if the homeowner reports late payments to credit bureaus, it could hurt your credit score. On the positive side, consistently paying on time and eventually securing a mortgage can benefit your credit.
What is another name for rent-to-own?
Rent-to-own agreements can go by various names, including:
Lease to purchase
Lease option
Rent-to-buy
Rent-to-purchase option
Lease purchase
Each of these terms represents the concept of renting a property with the potential option to buy it after a set period.
Buying a house is a dream for many Americans, but it can feel very out of reach for some people. To qualify for a mortgage, you’ll need an adequate credit score and down payment, which many people just don’t have.
That is where the Neighborhood Assistance Corporation of America (NACA) comes in. The NACA has helped hundreds of thousands of people find affordable housing with no money down and no minimum credit score. NACA also provides financial assistance for approved homeowners that encounter financial difficulties.
If you’ve been struggling to figure out how you’ll afford to purchase a home, then the NACA program could help. This article will explain how the NACA mortgage process works and how the organization could help you find your next home.
What is the NACA mortgage program?
The Neighborhood Assistance Corporation of America (NACA), a non-profit organization established in 1988, is dedicated to providing affordable housing options to Americans. Its mission is to combat discriminatory and unjust lending practices. With 45 branches across the United States, NACA assists borrowers with low credit scores in securing affordable mortgages.
NACA offers various solutions such as property improvement and foreclosure avoidance to help achieve this goal. Additionally, the organization helps homeowners reorganize their existing mortgages, preventing them from losing their homes to foreclosure. Nevertheless, NACA’s signature mortgage program remains the most sought-after offering among its services.
How does the NACA program work?
The NACA is known for its purchase program, which it calls the Best in America Mortgage Program. This program is designed to make homeownership more affordable for everyone.
If you applied for a mortgage through a bank or credit union, you would undergo an extensive credit check. But the NACA makes it possible to buy a home with:
No down payment requirement
No closing costs
No requirement for perfect credit
No limits on your income
No fees – The lender pays the appraisal costs, attorney fees, title insurance, transfer tax, settlement agent fees, and buyer closing costs.
All of this is available at a below-market interest rate. Currently, the NACA is offering a 30-year fixed-rate mortgage of 2.125% APR and a 15-year fixed-rate mortgage of 1.75% APR. You’d be hard-pressed to find a better deal anywhere else.
Bank of America stands as NACA’s largest and most significant partner, providing a major portion of the funding for the loans.
NACA Requirements and Qualifications
Before you assume the NACA mortgage program is too good to be true, there are certain requirements you’re going to have to meet to qualify. Unlike traditional lending practices, NACA evaluates creditworthiness based on character, rather than solely relying on credit scores.
For instance, NACA members won’t be penalized for financial hardship caused by an injury or illness. But you must demonstrate that you can afford to pay your monthly housing expenses.
These expenses include your mortgage payments, property taxes, homeowners insurance, and HOA dues. And your income can’t fluctuate from month to month.
While there are no income restrictions in the NACA purchase program, earning higher than the median income could limit your home buying options to specific regions. It’s also worth noting that owning another property while closing on a NACA mortgage is strictly prohibited.
Furthermore, as a NACA mortgage recipient, you are expected to engage in a minimum of five membership activities annually. These activities include volunteering at NACA offices, participating in protests, or offering support to other members during the home buying process.
Eligible States
Unfortunately, the NACA mortgage program still isn’t available everywhere, though the organization is working hard to expand across the U.S. It’s currently available in the following states:
Alabama
Arkansas
Arizona
California
Colorado
Connecticut
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Illinois
Louisiana
Massachusetts
Maryland
Michigan
Minnesota
Missouri
Mississippi
North Carolina
New Jersey
Nevada
New York
Ohio
Pennsylvania
South Carolina
Tennessee
Texas
Virginia
Wisconsin
NACA Program Pros and Cons
Here are some of the biggest advantages and disadvantages of taking out a mortgage through the NACA.
Pros
Buying a home with no down payment or standard closing costs
Snag a below-market interest rate on a 15-year or 30-year mortgage
No credit requirements or income limits to apply
Receive extensive borrower education and training
Cons
Time-consuming application process
Program isn’t available in all 50 states
There are limits to how much you can borrow
You’ll have to pay for property taxes and homeowners insurance
NACA Loan Limits
The NACA home buying program has loan limits that cap your mortgage amount. The purchase price of a home cannot exceed the conforming loan limit, which is $647,200 for a single-unit property in most states. The conforming loan limit for a single-unit home in Alaska and Hawaii is $970,800.
Who qualifies for the NACA program?
The NACA mortgage program is very generous, but there are several steps you’ll need to take before you can close on your home. Here are the seven steps you’ll take to complete the NACA loan qualification process.
1. Attend a free homebuyer workshop
If you’re considering applying for a NACA mortgage, you’ll first have to attend a homebuyer workshop. During this free workshop, you’ll learn more about homeownership and how to qualify for the NACA mortgage program. Then, you can register on the company’s website to reserve your spot.
2. Meet with your housing counselor
Once you’ve completed the homebuyer workshop, the NACA will assign you a housing counselor to guide you through this process. Your housing counselor will help you determine an affordable monthly mortgage payment and help you come up with a reasonable monthly budget. You’ll continue to meet with your counselor until you’ve qualified for the NACA housing program.
3. Attend a NACA purchase workshop
Once you’ve qualified for the mortgage program, you must attend a purchased workshop at the NACA office. During this workshop, you’ll review the home purchase process and work with a real estate agent to help you find the right home.
4. Receive a property qualification letter
Once you’ve chosen the home you plan to buy, you’ll have to get in touch with your housing counselor again. They will help you secure your qualification letter.
This letter states that you are qualified to purchase the home you’re interested in. Your NACA counselor and real estate agent can also help you draft an offer on the home.
5. Get your home inspected
Before you can purchase a home, it must pass a NACA home inspection and pest inspection. If the inspection reveals any problems with the home, you must resolve those issues before you can close on the home.
6. Meet with your mortgage consultant
Throughout this entire mortgage process, you should be saving money, maintaining your income level, and paying your bills on time. At this point, you’re going to meet with your mortgage consultant to prove that you’ve met the required guidelines and are ready to move forward with the mortgage application.
7. Close on your mortgage
Now it’s time to close on your home! There are no closing costs for a NACA mortgage. Additionally, NACA members do not pay private mortgage insurance (PMI).
Instead, your NACA membership provides you with a post-purchase assistance program through NACA’s Membership Assistance Program (MAP). But this is the final step that allows you to close on your new home and finalize the process.
Alternatives to the NACA program
The NACA program may not be suitable for everyone, or you may not qualify. If this is the case, consider other mortgage programs that may be available to you.
FHA Loans
For low-to-moderate income borrowers who may not meet the stringent requirements of conventional loans, the Federal Housing Administration offers the FHA loan program. With lower down payment needs and more lenient credit score standards, these loans provide a viable option for those looking to finance their first home.
USDA Loans
The U.S. Department of Agriculture extends its support to those seeking to purchase a home in rural or suburban areas through its USDA loan program. These loans offer attractive terms such as low or no down payment options and competitive interest rates, with the aim of fostering home ownership in less densely populated regions.
VA Loans
As a way to show appreciation for the sacrifices made by military service members, veterans, and their surviving spouses, the Department of Veterans Affairs provides VA loans.
These loans, exclusive to eligible individuals, boast features such as no down payment requirement, no private mortgage insurance, and interest rates that are often more favorable than those of traditional loans.
First-Time Homebuyer Programs
For those entering the housing market for the first time, many states and local governments offer programs tailored to their needs. First-time homebuyer programs often provide financial assistance in the form of lower interest rates and down payment assistance, as well as other incentives, making homeownership a reality for those who may not have the funds for a down payment otherwise.
Down Payment Assistance
To help alleviate the burden of the upfront costs of buying a home, down payment assistance (DPA) programs are available from government agencies, non-profit organizations, and private lenders.
These programs provide homebuyers with the necessary funds to cover their down payment, allowing them to get one step closer to affordable homeownership.
National Homebuyers Fund
As a non-profit organization, the National Homebuyers Fund offers down payment assistance to low-and moderate-income homebuyers in the form of grants that do not need to be repaid. Their mission is to provide a helping hand to those who may not have the resources to make a down payment on their own.
Chenoa Fund
The CBC Mortgage Agency’s Chenoa Fund is a down payment assistance program that provides low-and moderate-income homebuyers with up to 3.5% of the home’s purchase price. This support is provided through either forgivable or repayable second mortgage loan options.
Bottom Line
If you’re concerned that you don’t have the down payment or credit requirements necessary to apply for a traditional mortgage, a NACA mortgage may be a suitable option. Borrowers that qualify could receive low-interest mortgages with no down payment, closing costs, or fees. The application process is tedious, but the benefits can help you achieve the dream of homeownership.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is there a minimum credit score requirement for the NACA program?
No, NACA does not consider credit scores for mortgage approval. Instead, they look at your payment history and ability to make future mortgage payments.
Is there an income limit to qualify for the NACA program?
There is no strict income limit to qualify for the NACA program. The program is designed primarily to assist low- to moderate-income individuals and families, but it does not set an upper limit on income. The focus is more on your ability to afford the mortgage payments, and whether you meet other program criteria.
How long does the NACA mortgage process take?
The time frame can vary depending on individual circumstances, but generally, it takes several months from attending the initial workshop to closing on a home. The more promptly you can provide the required documentation and fulfill program requirements, the quicker the process will likely be.
How does the NACA mortgage differ from a traditional mortgage?
NACA mortgages typically offer more favorable terms compared to traditional mortgages. They come with no down payment, no closing costs, and no requirement for private mortgage insurance (PMI). The interest rates are often below market rate as well.
Can I use a NACA mortgage to refinance my existing loan?
No, NACA mortgages are designed for the purchase of a primary residence only. They cannot be used for refinancing existing loans or for investment properties.
Many people are lured into the world of real estate investing by stories of millionaires who started their journey with no money down or no steady employment. But the reality is that making money in real estate isn’t easy; a good credit score, investment capital and steady income can help in the beginning.
You’ll also need to grasp the nuances of the local real estate market and learn how to manage financial aspects such as cash flow and property taxes. While real estate buying, selling, and renting may not be much like a game of Monopoly, it is possible to earn steady side income, supplement your retirement, or even build a full-time real estate investment business with the right tools, knowledge, and patience.
Unlike mutual funds, the stock market, cryptocurrency or many other investments, real estate is tangible. Real estate is a concrete asset—one can see, touch, and even reside in. That gives investors a sense of security. However, it also creates unique challenges.
Managed well, the stability and passive income from rental properties can be a safety net against more volatile investments.
This guide is here to clarify the process for beginners. It aims to empower you to make informed decisions, reduce risks, and lay a strong foundation for your real estate investing journey.
Benefits of Investing in Real Estate
The allure of real estate goes beyond the mere ownership of tangible assets. It presents a robust suite of financial benefits that have the potential to amplify wealth and provide stability in uncertain times. As we navigate the advantages, it becomes evident why many seasoned investors prioritize real estate in their portfolios.
Steady and Passive Income
Real estate investing, especially in rental properties, stands out for its potential to provide a consistent revenue stream. When you own a rental property, the monthly or quarterly distributions from tenants contribute to steady income, which can safeguard your finances against unexpected events or economic downturns.
This consistency contrasts with the often erratic nature of the stock market, which can fluctuate daily based on global events, company performances, and other factors. Additionally, for those aiming to attain financial freedom, the passive income generated from real estate can be a step closer to achieving that goal. Over time, as the mortgage payment decreases or remains static, rental rates may rise, increasing your monthly cash flow.
Appreciation Potential
Every investor dreams of their assets appreciating, and real estate often doesn’t disappoint. While there can be periodic downturns in the real estate market, historical trends suggest that properties generally gain value over the long run.
This means that not only can investors benefit from rental income, but they can also potentially see substantial gains when they choose to sell the property.
Tax Benefits
Navigating the world of taxes can be intricate, but real estate investors often find several advantages here. The ability to deduct mortgage interest and property taxes from taxable income can be a significant financial boon.
Furthermore, strategies like depreciation allow real estate investors to offset rental income, reducing their tax burden. Consulting with a financial advisor can help investors maximize these benefits and understand other potential tax advantages, such as 1031 exchanges or deductions related to property management.
Diversification
The saying “don’t put all your eggs in one basket” is sound investment advice. Diversification is a fundamental strategy to mitigate risks. By adding real estate to an investment portfolio, investors introduce a separate asset class that doesn’t directly correlate with the stock market or mutual funds. This can provide a buffer, ensuring that a downturn in one sector doesn’t wholly derail an investor’s financial trajectory.
Leverage
Leverage, in the context of real estate investing, refers to the ability to use borrowed capital to increase the potential return on an investment. When you purchase property with a mortgage loan, you’re often putting down only a fraction of the property’s total cost, while still reaping the benefits of its entire value in terms of appreciation and rental income.
This magnifies the return on investment, as the gains and income generated are based on the property’s total value, not just the down payment. It’s a powerful tool but should be used wisely. Over-leveraging or not accounting for potential rental vacancies can turn leverage into a double-edged sword.
Types of Real Estate Investments
As one dives deeper into the world of real estate, it becomes evident that this asset class is multifaceted, with various avenues to explore and invest in. The right choice often depends on an investor’s goals, risk tolerance, budget, and expertise. Here’s a closer look at some prominent types of real estate investments:
Residential Properties
Residential properties cater to individuals or families. They range from single-family homes to duplexes, triplexes, high-rise buildings with apartments, and other multi-unit properties. You may encounter the term “MDU” or “MUD,” which stand for multi-dwelling unit or multi-unit dwelling, to describe anything more than a single family home, or SFR (single family real estate).
Investing in residential real estate, especially the SFR market, is often a beginner’s first step due to its familiarity and the perpetual demand for housing. While these properties can be a reliable source of rental income, investors should be prepared for the challenges tied to property management, tenant turnover, and ongoing maintenance.
Commercial Real Estate
When one thinks of skyscrapers lining city horizons or sprawling office parks in suburban locales, that’s commercial real estate. These properties are tailored to businesses, and can include complete corporate headquarters or individual offices.
Commercial leases often run longer than residential ones, offering the potential for stable, long-term rental income. However, the entry point can be higher, with larger down payments and a more extensive due diligence process. Additionally, commercial real estate values can be closely tied to the business environment of the locality.
Industrial
Industrial real estate encompasses properties like warehouses, distribution centers, and manufacturing facilities. They’re integral to business operations, ensuring products move efficiently from manufacturers to consumers.
Investing in this sector can offer substantial rental yields, especially if the property is strategically located near transportation hubs. However, the nuances of industrial real estate, such as zoning laws and environmental concerns, necessitate a more in-depth understanding than residential or commercial sectors.
Retail
This sector includes shopping malls, strip malls, and standalone stores. What’s unique about retail real estate is that leases sometimes include a provision where the landlord gets a percentage of the store’s profits, termed as “percentage rent.”
In a thriving commercial area, retail properties can be quite profitable, with long-term leases and the potential for appreciating property values. However, investors should be mindful of shifts in consumer behavior and the evolving retail landscape, especially with the rise of e-commerce.
Multi-Purpose Commercial
A new breed of commercial real estate has emerged to compete with the growth of e-commerce. Multi-purpose commercial spaces blend housing units with office space and retail, often adding hospitality and entertainment venues.
Typically, these spaces are the domain of large real estate investment and property management firms. But if you invest in commercial office space or retail, you will be competing with these multi-purpose properties for tenants, so they are worth acknowledging.
Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs)
For those not keen on direct property ownership, REITs present an attractive alternative. These are companies that own, operate, or finance income-producing real estate across various sectors. What makes REITs distinctive is that they’re traded on stock exchanges, similar to stocks.
By investing in a REIT, you’re buying shares of a company that manages a portfolio of properties, thus gaining exposure to real estate without the hassles of property management. Moreover, by law, REITs are required to distribute at least 90% of their taxable income to shareholders, leading to potentially attractive dividend yields. However, it’s essential to remember that like all publicly traded entities, REITs can be subject to market volatility.
9 Ways to Invest in Real Estate
Investing in real estate can seem tricky for beginners. But, with time and patience, anyone can master it. Focus on simple investment methods first to get to know your local property scene, meet experienced investors, and learn how to handle money wisely. As you learn and grow, you can dive into more complex investment options.
Here are some great ways for beginners to start in real estate:
1. Wholesaling
Acting as the bridge between property sellers and eager buyers, this method primarily focuses on securing properties at a rate below the prevailing market value. The secured contract is then transferred to an interested buyer, ensuring a margin for the wholesaler.
2. Prehabbing
Unlike intensive property renovations, prehabbing is about amplifying a property’s appeal through minimalistic enhancements. These properties, once given their facelift, usually attract investors with a keen eye for larger renovation projects.
3. Purchasing Rental Properties
An avenue promising consistent returns, this involves acquiring properties to lease them out. For those not inclined towards the intricacies of landlord duties, there’s always the option of hiring seasoned property management professionals.
4. House Flipping
A strategy that has garnered significant attention, house flipping involves a cycle of purchasing, upgrading, and promptly reselling properties, aiming for a profit. The emphasis is on swift transactions and keen market acumen.
5. Real Estate Syndication
Envision a collective where like-minded investors come together, pooling both resources and expertise. Such collectives venture into large-scale property acquisitions, and the ensuing profits or rental incomes are distributed among the participants.
6. Real Estate Investment Groups (REIG)
Primarily, these are conglomerates that steer their operations around real estate investments. By amassing capital from a plethora of investors, they dive into acquisitions of sizeable multi-unit residences or commercial holdings.
7. Investing in REITs
Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) revolve around the ownership and meticulous management of properties that yield income. However, investors don’t have to handle the management themselves. Instead, participants can relish the benefits of the real estate sector without the responsibilities of direct property ownership.
8. Online Real Estate Platforms
A fusion of technology with real estate, these platforms seamlessly connect potential investors with vetted property developers. This synergy enables backers to finance promising property ventures and, in exchange, enjoy periodic returns that encompass interest.
9. House Hacking
A blend of homeownership and investment, house hacking is about maximizing the potential of a multi-unit property or a single-family home. Investors live in one segment while leasing out the remaining portions. This dual approach can significantly reduce or even negate monthly housing expenses, serving as an excellent introduction to the world of property management for novice investors.
6 Steps to Get Started in Real Estate Investing
Starting on the path of real estate investing requires careful planning, due diligence, and a methodical approach to ensure that your investments are sound and have the potential for fruitful returns. Whether you’re dreaming of becoming a millionaire real estate investor or merely looking to diversify your investment portfolio, following a structured process can be the key to success. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown:
1. Assess Your Financial Health
Every investment journey should begin with introspection. As an aspiring real estate investor, it’s essential to have a clear understanding of your current financial standing. Ask yourself questions like:
How much capital am I willing to invest?
What are my short-term and long-term financial goals?
Do I have an emergency fund set aside?
Evaluating your risk tolerance is equally crucial. Some might be comfortable flipping houses, while others might prefer the steadiness of rental properties. Consulting a financial advisor at this stage can provide insights tailored to your financial health, enabling you to make informed decisions as you proceed.
2. Dive Deep into Market Research
Knowledge is power in the world of real estate. The local market can be significantly different from national or even statewide trends. Delve deep into understanding:
The demand for rental properties in your target area.
The average property values and rental rates.
The historical appreciation rates.
Any upcoming infrastructure projects or urban development initiatives.
Furthermore, familiarize yourself with real estate terminology. Phrases like “cap rate,” “loan-to-value,” and “operating expenses” will become a regular part of your vocabulary. The better informed you are, the more confidently you can navigate your investments.
3. Assemble Your Real Estate Team
No investor is an island. Success in the real estate business often hinges on the strength and expertise of your team. Look for professionals with a proven track record and positive reviews. Your team might include:
Real estate agents who understand the investor’s perspective.
Property managers to streamline tenant interactions and maintenance.
Lawyers specializing in real estate transactions.
Accountants familiar with the tax implications of real estate investments.
4. Explore Financing Options
The path to acquiring a property is paved with various financing methods. Traditional mortgages are common, but the real estate industry offers other mechanisms like:
Hard money loans.
Private money loans.
Real estate syndication where multiple investors pool resources.
Seller financing.
Each of these has different pros and cons, interest rates, and repayment terms. Understand each deeply to determine which aligns best with your financial strategy.
5. Analyze Potential Properties
The crux of real estate investing is ensuring that the numbers make sense. Before purchasing, assess the property’s potential for generating rental income. Break down:
Monthly mortgage payments
Property taxes
Maintenance costs
Potential vacancy rates
Your goal should be a positive cash flow, where the monthly income from the property (rent) exceeds all these expenses.
6. Negotiate and Close the Deal
Once you’ve zeroed in on a property, the negotiation phase begins. Here, understanding the property’s market value, any existing damages or repair needs, and the local real estate market dynamics can give you an edge.
When it comes to closing, be aware of all associated costs. These might include inspection fees, title insurance, and escrow fees. Being well-informed can help you negotiate these fees and ensure that you’re not overpaying.
Risks and How to Mitigate Them
Like any investment, real estate comes with its set of challenges and uncertainties. The difference between successful real estate investors and those who falter is often the ability to anticipate risks and prepare for them. Here’s an exploration of some prevalent risks in real estate and actionable steps to manage them:
1. Market Fluctuations
Real estate markets can be volatile, with property values rising and falling based on a myriad of factors.
Mitigation: To protect against market downturns, it’s essential to buy properties below their market value. Conducting comprehensive research and seeking expert investment advice can help investors make informed decisions. Remember, real estate is often a long-term game, so a short-term dip can be offset by long-term appreciation.
2. Unexpected Repairs and Maintenance
Properties can often come with surprises, from plumbing issues to roof repairs.
Mitigation: Regular property inspections can catch potential problems before they become major expenses. Setting aside a buffer fund specifically for maintenance can also cushion the financial blow of unforeseen repairs.
3. Vacancy Periods
There might be periods where your property remains unoccupied, leading to loss of rental income.
Mitigation: Properly vetting and building a good relationship with tenants can lead to longer lease periods. Diversifying your investment properties across different areas can also help, as vacancy rates might vary from one location to another.
4. Legal and Tax Implications
Real estate investors can sometimes find themselves entangled in legal disputes or facing unexpected tax bills.
Mitigation: Regular consultations with a tax professional or attorney familiar with the real estate industry can keep investors informed and protected.
Long-term Strategy and Growth
Real estate investing is not just about making a quick buck; it’s about building lasting wealth. Adopting a long-term perspective and continuously refining your strategy can pave the way for consistent growth in the real estate industry. Here’s how:
1. Define Your Real Estate Identity
Are you more comfortable with a buy-and-hold strategy, where properties are retained for long-term growth and steady rental income? Or do you thrive on the excitement of flipping houses, where properties are bought, renovated, and sold for profit? Understanding your preference can help tailor your investment strategy.
2. Reinvestment is Key
For those adopting a buy-and-hold strategy, reinvesting the rental income can substantially grow your real estate portfolio. By channeling profits into purchasing additional properties, investors can benefit from compounded growth.
3. Diversify Your Portfolio
As you gain experience, consider diversifying across various real estate sectors. Branching out into commercial real estate or exploring real estate investment trusts (REITs) can provide additional avenues for income and growth.
4. Continue Your Education
The real estate industry is continually evolving. By staying updated on market trends, attending seminars, and networking with other real estate professionals, you can adapt your strategy and seize new opportunities as they arise.
5. Scale Strategically
A real estate empire begins with just one property. With time, dedication, and a sound strategy, it’s possible to grow your holdings into a substantial full-time income. As you scale, ensure you’re not overextending; always prioritize the quality of investments over quantity.
Key Tips for Beginners
Embarking on a journey into real estate investing can be thrilling, yet the complexities of the industry can sometimes overwhelm beginners. Simplifying the learning curve is essential for novice investors to make informed decisions and find success. Here are some pivotal tips to guide those just starting out:
1. Start Small and Scale Gradually
Many millionaire real estate investors began their journey with a modest property. Purchasing a smaller, more manageable property as your first investment can help you navigate the nuances of the real estate business without being overwhelmed. As you gain confidence and experience, you can then venture into bigger and more diverse properties to scale your portfolio.
2. Prioritize Education
The world of real estate is vast and ever-evolving. Leverage online real estate platforms to learn about market trends, investment strategies, and financing options. Additionally, joining real estate investment groups can be invaluable. These groups not only provide mentorship but also offer opportunities to share resources, insights, and deals with other investors.
3. Location is Crucial
In the real estate realm, location often takes precedence over the type or condition of a property. A mediocre house in a prime location can fetch better returns than a grand mansion in a less desirable area. Research local market dynamics, neighborhood amenities, future development plans, and other location-specific factors before making an investment decision.
4. Networking is Key
Surrounding yourself with knowledgeable people can fast-track your learning process. By connecting with seasoned real estate investors, you can gain insights from their experiences, avoid common pitfalls, and even discover potential partnership opportunities. Attend local real estate seminars, join investor forums online, and participate actively in real estate conferences to grow your network.
5. Stay Updated and Adapt
The real estate industry is not static. Market conditions, property values, and investment strategies can change. Being adaptable and staying updated on industry trends will ensure you remain ahead of the curve and can capitalize on new opportunities.
6. Always Conduct Due Diligence
Before diving into any real estate transaction, thorough due diligence is imperative. From understanding property taxes and zoning laws to estimating potential repair costs and evaluating tenant profiles, leaving no stone unturned will protect you from potential setbacks.
8 Terms Beginner Real Estate Investors Should Know
Venturing into real estate can feel like you’ve entered a world with its own language. Don’t worry; everyone feels this way at the start. Knowing basic real estate terms can help you communicate confidently and make informed decisions.
Dive into these essential terms every beginner should grasp:
Appreciation: Appreciation is the increase in the value of a property over time. It’s one of the primary ways real estate investors make money, especially in growing markets. Appreciation can result from factors like inflation, increased demand, or improvements made to the property.
Capitalization rate (cap rate): Think of the cap rate as a tool to gauge the potential return on a property. It’s a percentage derived from comparing a property’s net operating income to its current market price.
Cash flow: This term captures the money dance – what’s coming in and what’s going out. In the context of rental properties, it means the rental earnings minus all the costs. Positive cash flow indicates you’re earning more than you’re spending.
Equity: Equity represents the value of ownership in a property. It’s calculated by taking the market value of the property and subtracting any outstanding mortgage or loans against it. As an investor pays down their mortgage or if the property appreciates in value, their equity in the property increases. This equity can be tapped into for various financial needs or reinvested.
Leverage: This term refers to the concept of using borrowed money, often in the form of a mortgage, to invest in real estate. It allows investors to purchase properties with a small down payment and finance the remainder. When used correctly, leverage can amplify returns, but it can also increase the risk if property values decline.
Net operating income (NOI): Simplified, NOI is the profit made from a property after deducting all operational costs. It’s your rental income minus all the expenses, showing the true earning potential of a property.
Real estate owned (REO): An REO property is one that didn’t sell at a foreclosure auction and is now owned by the bank. These properties are often sold at a lower price because banks aim to sell them quickly, making them attractive to investors.
Return on investment (ROI): In simple terms, ROI measures the bang you get for your buck. It’s calculated by comparing the profit you made to the amount you invested. The higher the ROI, the better your investment performed.
Conclusion
Real estate investing offers an avenue to diversify your portfolio, generate steady income, and potentially achieve long-term growth. With due diligence, a clear strategy, and the right team, beginners can successfully navigate the complexities of the real estate industry and lay the foundation for a prosperous investment journey. Remember, every millionaire real estate investor started with their first property. Your journey is just beginning.